Are you wondering how to build a house with your own hands? To begin with, consider what technologies are being built wooden dwellings. Below are the main types of houses made of natural material:
Srubny;
frame;
Frame-panel;
Panel;
Shield;
Lumber.
Ancestral experience
The oldest and most widespread option is a log house. It was also used in Ancient Russia, Sweden and Finland - in countries where there was no shortage of wood. This is due to the fact that the creation of log structures implies a large consumption of timber. Nevertheless, the advantages of such structures are obvious: they are durable, warm and pleasing to the eye with their appearance.
When choosing a design this type walls need to be driven out in only one layer. Thanks to technology that has been worked out not even for years, but for centuries, after laying the logs, insignificant gaps remain between them, which are difficult to notice with the naked eye.
How to build a house with your own hands and what other options can you use? In second place after the srubnaya is lumber technology. How is glued timber obtained? The logs are unraveled on boards, dried, then they are glued together with a specially designed composition that does not pose a danger to human health. The moisture level in such material is within ten percent. Due to the cut, the internal stress of the log is reduced, which is why the glued beam is practically not subject to shrinkage and deformation. This material has another plus: thanks to the comb profile, the logs are much simpler and easier to fit together. The erected wall turns out to be so strong and durable that it can be compared with a plane from a solid shield.
We build a frame house with our own hands
Construction can be carried out according to Canadian or Finnish technology. Independent work to create such a dwelling is not particularly difficult. First you need to decide what purpose the structure will have. The difference in the construction of seasonal and permanent housing is significant. It lies in the approach to warming. The fact is that the original version of the design is a frame of horizontal strapping and uprights. Based on the purpose of the building, the existing voids are filled with heat-insulating material.
How to build in such a way that you can live comfortably in it all year round? Keep in mind that a board one hundred millimeters thick simply cannot keep warm in winter. It is equally important to choose the right insulation. In this case, it is recommended to use the data provided by the Russian NIIZhB. So, a single layer of expanded polystyrene with a thickness of forty millimeters replaces 45 mm of mineral wool, 65 mm of fiberboard, 140 mm of wood, 860 mm of brick and 380 mm of expanded clay concrete (referring to thermal conductivity).
Foundation
How to build a house with your own hands so that it lasts as long as possible? Do not build multi-storey buildings frame structures. The structure will not be able to properly support the entire load of the second level. If necessary, the organization of the attic is allowed.
Making a deep foundation light frame home is inappropriate. Best Choice will become tape shallow, prefabricated from concrete blocks or columnar foundation. Its main function is the formation of a rigid frame, which is strengthened due to iron reinforcement (with a tape type), a monolithic grillage (with a columnar one) or a reliable connection of the lower trim to all reinforced concrete blocks(with a prefabricated version of the foundation).
frame
Continuing to consider the question of how to build a house with your own hands, we note that structures made of wood or metal are currently used. The latter are much less common, as they require 35-45% more costs for construction.
For creating wooden frame it is best to use oak. If it is not possible to purchase it, pay attention to quality material other breeds - logs with a section of at least 150 by 150 mm.
Corner joints are made using the "thorn - groove" system. They are adjusted in such a way that there are no gaps left. According to experts, it is better not to use metal compounds. The fact is that the wood begins to rot intensively as a result of contact with any metal product, be it a nail, a screw or something similar. Accordingly, the connection in the problem area is weakened, and the house itself begins to loosen. Most reliable way fastenings - with the help of wooden dowels.
The outer side of the frame is sheathed with boards (lining or grooved board up to six centimeters wide). Do not lose sight of the fact that in the first year the wood actively swells or cracks, reacting to weather conditions. For this reason, it is not worth nailing the outer boards firmly.
Floor
Not a single building of a house with your own hands is complete without arranging the floor. To do this, wooden beams with a section of 150 by 50 millimeters are laid along the perimeter of the future walls. Previously, roofing material is laid under them. It is equally important to treat the material with a special impregnation that prevents the wood from swelling from moisture. The structure is fixed with anchor bolts with a step of no more than two meters. An important role is played by precisely set angles. When checking the level, the maximum allowable misalignment should be no more than ten millimeters.
Floor, walls and bearing structures made from the same material. Otherwise, the house may warp due to the different coefficients of expansion of the wood. The rough floor is laid from an uncut board as from the cheapest material. First, logs are laid, insulation is laid between them, and floorboards are laid on top.
Walls
Erecting a private house with your own hands, it is important to organize a flat and dry platform for assembling walls. The frame is assembled from vertical boards of the same size. standard height walls - 2275 cm. However, it is not at all necessary to become attached to this value, because the higher the ceilings, the more room filled with light and air. Wall sections are calculated on the basis of data on permissible floor loads. Beams can be installed in increments of 30, 40 or 60 centimeters.
Window
How to build a house with your own hands so that the home is cozy and bright? For this Special attention should look at the windows. According to the norms, their size should be at least eighteen percent of the area of \u200b\u200bthe wall where it is planned to make an opening. Glazing can be single, double or triple. It all depends on the local climatic conditions and purpose of the house (for permanent residence or temporary).
Roof
We are building a house with our own hands. The final stage of the responsible process is the installation of the roof. The choice of materials is great - this is both ondulin and soft roof, and natural tiles, and metal profiled sheets. The choice depends on the preferences of the owners and on their financial capabilities.
The main destroyer frame house dampness is considered. That is why for its construction you should choose the driest and highest place on the site. If you still do not dare to take on the construction of a home, you can order ready-made version"Full construction". In this case, the house will cost you from ten to thirty thousand rubles per square meter.
Features of the construction of a log house
If you are planning to build wooden house do it yourself, keep the following in mind:
-Mold, woodworms, blue. Be sure to cover the logs with a special impregnation. After about a year, when the material cracks a little, the procedure must be repeated. This will allow the antiseptic to penetrate into the deeper layers of the tree.
- Thermal lock. This is a longitudinal groove in a log. It serves to reduce the airflow of the wall. At round log it should be concave and located at the bottom; for a profiled one, one part of the lock is cut from above, and the second from below.
- Protection from the cold. After final assembly a log house between the crowns is laid insulation. It can be sphagnum moss or cuckoo flax, linen and hemp tow, felt.
Note to the owner
Ideas for a home built with your own hands will help make your home even more comfortable. So, do not rush to throw away a burned-out light bulb. It is enough to make a hole in the plinth for flowers and hang an unusual container. Get the original vase.
You can make an unusual lampshade from an old vegetable grater. To do this, it is necessary to make a hole for the wire in the handle, insert a cartridge with a light bulb inside and connect the device to the network.
From unnecessary pieces of wood you can make an excellent coffee table. The frame will be an empty box. Its ends should be pasted over with "patch" from thick branches, and the top - with brushwood.
Do-it-yourself home decoration
So, the construction of the dwelling is completed. Now comes an equally important stage. It depends on you how the structure will look both outside and inside. To finish the facade, you can use plaster, siding, porcelain stoneware, tiles, stone, decorative brick. For the plinth, PVC panels, clinker tiles, fake diamond, plaster, slate or polymer boards.
As for interior decoration, ceilings can be painted or whitewashed, wallpapered, suspended or tensile structure. On the walls looks beautiful artificial or a natural stone, decorative plaster, ceramic tile. Floors can be covered massive board, laminate, linoleum, parquet.
Conclusion
Self-construction of a dwelling is a responsible and very interesting process. It must be approached with all seriousness in order to avoid distortions, dampness and many other problems. erected, will help to make the home not only beautiful, but also cozy.
A wooden house is an environmentally friendly and cozy home. Is it possible to make a wooden house with your own hands? It all depends on skills, financial capabilities, free time and desire. It cannot be said that everyone will be able to build a wooden house on their own, but housing construction is not design spaceship. So where do you start?
Design
And you should start with a housing project. Without making a detailed drawing wooden house with all the dimensions, the scheme for supplying communications, without having estimated the estimate, it is unlikely that it will be possible to build a house.
You can take drawings of ready-made, proven housing, which is less costly and troublesome. will also finished example built wooden house.
Or you can hire a designer-architect, pay him a lot of money and get an individual, unlike anything project.
Material selection
For construction wooden houses exists big choice materials - logs, timber, panels made of coniferous and hardwood. The log is debarked, that is, practically unprocessed, only branches are cut from tree trunks.
There is also a glued log, when boards glued in several layers are then rounded. In the photo, wooden houses made of rounded logs look more neat.
The beam can be glued from several boards or solid. A four-edged beam means a rectangular or square section. Profiled timber has ready-made locks in it, which greatly simplifies construction.
Panels are the easiest option for building a wooden house. They resemble a sandwich in structure - between two sheets of plywood or OSB there is a heater, for example, basalt, mineral wool. Have standard size, light weight, very easy to assemble. For panel house you can get by with a pile foundation, and not use a tape one.
Foundation
A wooden house is a light building and does not require any particularly powerful foundation. However, it is not recommended to build wooden houses over two floors, and it is better to make the second floor an attic. So, the first stage of building a house made of wood is the construction of a foundation.
Suitable for sandy soils strip foundation small depth, while for swampy soils it is better to use piles.
When pouring a strip foundation, a trench is dug 50-80 cm deep, the bottom of which is sprinkled with rubble. Concrete is poured in one go, having previously assembled the reinforcing frame of the foundation.
The foundation is poured to a level of 20-30 cm above the soil level. The formwork is removed 2-3 days after the concrete is poured, after which it needs to cure for 2-3 weeks.
Walls and floors
The strapping crown in the house is subject to the greatest loads, therefore, its arrangement is carefully approached. Under it, a larch board 50 mm thick is started, and waterproofing is applied to the foundation in two layers. Logs for subfloors are attached to the first crown.
To avoid deformation, the crowns are attached to each other with dowels. Nagel is wooden block, often round. For doors and window openings are going wooden frames appropriate sizes in which spacers are placed.
Oak timber is well suited for assembling the frame of a wooden house. However, due to its high cost, you can do without pine timber. Such a frame is sheathed on the outside with plywood or OSB. A heater is laid between the beams, and the inside is also lined with a sheet of plywood or OSB.
The floor is laid in two stages - a rough one, from boards of any quality, on which a finishing one is placed. Insulation is laid between the lags of the draft floors.
It is desirable to make both walls and floors from the same material, since wood tends to dry out. It is better if it has the same degree of drying of both floors and walls.
Roof arrangement
The most widespread gable roofs with hanging or layered, supported racks, rafters. Such roofs for wooden houses have such advantages as lightness, practicality and comparative cheapness.
Mauerlat for wooden houses is not needed, the rafters are attached to top crown. It is recommended to make the slope of the roof at least 40-45 degrees so that snow does not accumulate on it in winter.
Quite often, an attic is equipped on the second floor of wooden houses, which saves materials and facilitates the construction of the building.
When arranging the roof, you should consult with a specialist who can correctly calculate the loads on the roof, and help you choose the right material, length and quantity rafter legs. The roof is sheathed with ondulin, slate, tiles - there are many and varied materials for roofing on the market.
DIY wooden house photo
Our clients can choose house designs from two types of materials:
rounded log. In its production, solid trunks are used. In the process of cylindering, perfectly even logs of the same diameter are obtained. Houses assembled from them do not require exterior finish, which reduces the cost of construction;
timber. Many of our customers prefer this material because it gives more wide opportunities in façade and interior design. Our projects use ordinary, profiled and glued beams. The first option is the cheapest: it comes without additional processing. Profiled and glued beams are subjected to chamber drying which reduces box shrinkage.
Our customers are often interested in which of the materials is better: more economical, warmer, more durable. We are sure that any wooden house, during the installation of which the technologies were strictly observed, will serve the entire estimated period. Woodhouse guarantees high quality performance regardless of the type of material.
Typical and individual projects
WoodHouse engineers created a series standard projects, which take into account the perceptions of most consumers about comfortable private housing. You can order an inexpensive wooden house with an area of 38 m 2 from us. Small one-story buildings are most often used for seasonal residence. We also offer projects two-storey houses large area for year-round use. They are equipped with all communications and engineering networks. The price of a wooden house is determined not only by its area and number of storeys. It is also affected by the design of the foundation and the complexity of the architecture. Among the typical proposals you will find projects with an attic, a garage or a terrace. We are also ready to develop individual solution, taking into account all the wishes of the future owner. You can take as a basis any of the projects available in the catalog or order calculations from scratch. This is how the best wooden houses of our company were created.
The price of a turnkey wooden house includes wall and roofing kits, as well as all technical documentation. Our employees constantly keep in touch with the client and are ready to promptly resolve any issue that has arisen. Choose the house of your dreams in the WoodHouse catalog and order it from the company's website or by phone.
You will need
- wooden beam, anchor bolts, fittings, concrete mixer, cement, gravel, sand. Skills in handling lumber and concrete.
Instruction
Prepare the site. Contact BTI for correct placement buildings in relation to neighboring buildings. Mark out the future corners of the house. After that, clean the site where the house will be placed, as well as at a distance of at least one meter from it, from turf and other debris. Fill the area with soil and level it, make sand cushion. Swipe carefully preparatory stage construction, the durability of the house and the foundation depends on it.
Start building the foundation with the manufacture that you want to install around the perimeter of the main bearing walls. Dig pits with a diameter of 25-35 cm to a freezing depth to protect the foundation from deformation during operation. Use drilling equipment for this and. At the bottom of the pit, make a sand cushion, tamp it down. Lay waterproofing from roofing felt or similar material along the walls, bring it 0.5 m to the surface. top pillars enclose in wooden formwork, put reinforcement inside the hole. When the pillars harden, pour the strip foundation around the perimeter, after inserting reinforcement into it. To do this, use the formwork made of wood, OSB boards, metal or plywood. The foundation for the construction of a wooden house must be raised above the ground to a height of 0.5 meters. The consumption of concrete during the construction of a strip-pillar foundation is small, so use an ordinary concrete mixer.
Install frame walls the first floor, additionally fixing them with braces to prevent deformation. When using glued beams, at this stage the walls of the building are made. The beam is connected to each other in a paw and in a bowl. On the upper perimeter of the walls, fill a layer of boards, while the joints of the walls should be blocked. The result is a second binding. Set up the walls and interfloor overlap attic space. Follow the same operations as for the first floor.
Install the roof ridge on the gables of the attic, as well as support beams along the entire length of the house. Mount the truss system on them. Prepare the roof depending on the roofing material used - metal or soft shingles. The material should not be heavy.
Sheathe the walls with OSB boards, run the main communications networks (heating, plumbing, electricity, chimney, ventilation, sewerage), test them. Sheathe the ceiling and roof with vapor barrier. Carry out the insulation of the room and its decoration. Do final repair, install floors, radiators and heating equipment.
The wooden house does not lose popularity even today, because until now it remains the most environmentally friendly and safe housing. At the same time, wood is characterized by high strength and long service life. It retains heat in the room for a long time, forms a comfortable microclimate and cozy atmosphere in the house.
In its turn a light weight tree does not require a heavy deep foundation. And the processed log and timber look very attractive, aesthetically pleasing and finished. That's why wooden walls don't need finishing. All this reduces physical and financial costs, reduces construction time.
Many refuse wooden houses, as the tree is subject to negative influence. However modern technologies construction and processing of lumber prevent rotting and drying out of wood, the appearance of cracks and mold. Protective compounds retain color for a long time, original view and lumber properties. Such a house will easily stand for about a hundred years!
Stages of building a wooden house
Before construction, first of all, you need to decide on the type of materials. wooden materials are also different. The main products are timber and logs. They are similar in physical properties and qualities, but differ in appearance. If this is a house for permanent residence, the cross section of the timber should be at least 150x150 mm, and the diameter of the log should be at least 220 mm.
Then comes the design. You can already choose finished project and make changes or develop an individual one. Construction company"MariSrub" builds wooden houses both according to a standard and according to a personal project. In the company catalog you will find wide selection finished cottages, dachas and baths. There are houses with an attic, a terrace and a balcony, a built-in pool and a garage, one-story and two-story houses.
There are the following stages of building a house:
- Design, selection and production of lumber;
- Foundation installation;
- Assembly of a log house;
- Roof installation;
- Insulation and waterproofing of the log house, work with the walls of the house (grinding, caulking, processing, etc.);
- Installation of windows and doors;
- Conducting and connecting engineering networks;
- Decorative finish.
We must not forget about protective treatment antiseptics and flame retardants, which is carried out several times. For the first time immediately after the manufacture of lumber, then after the installation of the log house and at the final stages of finishing the building. The masters of the company "MariSrub" must perform antiseptic at every stage! Let's take a closer look at each type. building materials. And learn how to build a wooden house with your own hands.
What material to choose
- Rounded log - the material of the correct cylindrical shape with perfectly smooth flat surface. Aesthetically attractive product will harmoniously fit into the environment and will look spectacular on suburban area. Due to the even and smooth surface, rounded logs are easy to stack and fasten;
- Chopped logs are suitable for those who prefer houses in the traditional Russian style. Lumber is processed manually, which saves as much as possible upper layer wood and increases protective properties. An interesting unusual relief of lumber will make the house original and refined. However, it is more difficult to lay a chopped log than a round log. And it costs more due to manual work;
- Profiled timber - lumber with a square or rectangular section, perfectly smooth and even surface. The beam is easy to lay, and the installation of the log house will take no more than a week. The material is distinguished by minimal shrinkage, high thermal insulation and neat appearance. The log house looks stylish and aesthetically pleasing;
- double beam great option for the construction of a bathhouse and a house for permanent residence. It represents two minibars, between which ecowool is laid as a heater. This increases heat and soundproofing materials, which allows you to save on the insulation of the building. In such a room it will be comfortable both in summer and in winter.
The foundation of a wooden house
To choose the right type of foundation, take into account the weight and design features of the house, the type of soil and the level ground water on the land. For buildings with a basement, basement or underground floor, a strip foundation is suitable. It represents a tape that runs along the perimeter of the house and takes the entire load of the building. This is a very strong, stable and durable foundation that can be built on moving ground.
A columnar foundation is chosen for a compact cottage or bath, as well as for land with heavily freezing soil. It's affordable and inexpensive option. It is not suitable for big houses and buildings with a basement! The most common base in wooden construction is pile foundation. If the pillars are dug into the ground, then the piles are screwed in. pile foundation suitable for any log or log house, for any soil and groundwater level.
The slab foundation is chosen at very high level groundwater and unstable ground with poor bearing capacity. It is suitable for large and heavy buildings, it is characterized by high cost and complexity of work.
When installing any foundation, further communications are taken into account. Special attention should be paid to the insulation and waterproofing of the structure, installation drainage system. For more information on which base to choose and how to make a foundation for a wooden house, see.
Log house installation
Making and installing a log house from a log or timber is not as difficult as it seems. Perhaps this is even the easiest stage in the construction of a wooden house. First, a waterproofing layer of roofing felt is laid on the poured frozen surface of the foundation. Boards over 5 cm thick are placed on top of the roofing sheets, and then a layer of jute is laid. This technique improves thermal insulation properties at home, because up to 40% of heat leaves the room through the floor.
A log house is installed on the insulation layer. Production logs or timber must be processed protective compounds and marked. This wall kit is easy to assemble according to technological map. The crowns are laid row by row, checked by level and fastened in a checkerboard pattern with the help of a dowel. At the same time, a layer of insulation is laid on each crown and fixed with a construction stapler.
The log house is tied up at the corners, and the logs or beams are connected every meter using spikes. Additional fastening is important for the design to be strong and stable. After installing the log house and the rough roof, you need to wait 6-12 months. At this time, the main shrinkage of a wooden house occurs.
Other jobs
Roof installation includes calculation and construction truss system, selection and installation roofing, installation downpipes and others additional elements, as well as hemming the roof. For a wooden house, it is not necessary to use rigid fastening of rafters, fronts and girders so that the structure does not break during subsequent shrinkage.
For houses made of timber or logs suitable option will become a classic metal tile and a soft roof, natural wood flooring(shingle), ondulin. For small houses and outbuildings use slate and corrugated board.
Installation of windows and doors requires preliminary installation of a pigtail or casing. If the structures are fastened directly to the ends of the opening, during the subsequent shrinkage they will be deformed and displaced. windows and interior doors it is better to choose from a tree.
Such designs do not violate the harmony of environmental friendliness and safety of a wooden house. Wooden windows and doors characterize environmental friendliness, naturalness, strength and reliability. Wood does not heat up, does not emit an unpleasant toxic odor and does not attract dust like plastic.
Working with walls involves careful processing of a log or timber with an antiseptic, grinding and caulking. Sanding will improve the appearance of the wood and will repair the cracks that have appeared during shrinkage. After such a procedure, the paint and varnish will lie evenly and beautifully. Insulation of interventional seams is done with jute, moss, tow or acrylic sealant. Caulking will close cracks and cracks, enhance the thermal insulation of the house.
Caulking is important to carry out with strict adherence to technology, otherwise the walls may warp. AT this process uniformity and sequence of actions play an important role. Work starts with lower crown and lay along the perimeter of the house, first outside, and then inside. Only then does it move on to the next row.
Final stage
At the end, the built house is once again treated with protective compounds, if necessary, decorative external and interior decoration. AT this case it is important to choose environmentally friendly, safe and reliable materials. Well fit acrylic varnishes and paints natural oils and wax. Experts advise using wooden Decoration Materials, including lining and block house (log imitation), parquet and laminate, cork or oak panels.
For decoration use natural materials like stone or glass. For the bathroom and toilet choose tile, mosaic and processed wood. Many prefer to keep natural look logs or timber and choose the finish “under zero”. In this case, it is important to carefully treat the wood with antiseptics and cover it with decorative varnish. To preserve texture and color, choose transparent products.
The company "MariSrub" performs a full range of works on the construction of a wooden house from a bar or log. We independently produce lumber, which guarantees the quality of products and allows you to save on delivery, contractor services. That's why we offer low prices!
In "MariSrub" you can order the construction of a turnkey house according to a standard or individual project. The architect of the firm will finalize and transform the selected option, taking into account the characteristics land plot and wishes of the client or develop new project from scratch. The masters of the company will install a log house, erect a roof and foundation, conduct and connect network engineering. We carry out insulation and all work with the walls of the house. We guarantee the quality and compliance with the terms of construction!
