What you need for decorative plaster. How to apply decorative plaster? Decorative wall plaster. Beautiful examples in the interior

There are several ways to correctly apply decorative plaster so that the apartment looks individual, stylish and modern. A rich selection of domestic and imported mixtures with various additives gives the designer room for imagination. You can create surfaces that imitate reptile skin, silk fabrics, finishing stone. It all looks equally interesting in the finished interior.

Stages of the finishing process

The whole process can be divided into main parts, and the technique of applying decorative plaster does not play a big role here. Each stage is very important, without following this sequence at the end of the repair, you will not get an ideal result. But if you approach the matter with all responsibility, then work can be done even without special construction knowledge. When decorating, you must follow the following sequence of actions:

1. The walls are leveled. Particular attention should be paid to this stage if it is then planned to apply a composition with a fine-grained structure (Venetian plaster, liquid wallpaper). And the usual finishing gypsum putty will be enough in case of applying textured mixtures with large inclusions (“rain”, “bark beetle”, “travertino”).
2. This is followed by the application of a primer coat to strengthen the alignment and increase the adhesion of the decorative composition. The coating will be durable, resistant to external influences.
3. Then comes the work with the decorative composition itself, it is performed in one or three steps. It all depends on the chosen method of applying decorative plaster. Sometimes you need to apply two layers to get the effect of volume. The easiest option is to apply the plaster mortar in one layer.

Work materials

Of course, the first thing you will need the stucco mix. It may contain small or large inclusions: powder, marble chips, silk fibers, quartz sand of various fractions, gold grains, sparkles. The texture due to this can be varied.

Less numerous are binders, which make it possible to form a continuous layer of plaster, holding it on the wall. Most types of mixtures are made on the basis of lime or gypsum, white cement is suitable for outdoor repairs or use in rooms with high humidity. Acrylic is a more modern base material. Additional additives may be present in the composition to make the solution more plastic.

Simple types of finishes can be performed with ordinary gypsum putty. It is worth remembering about the necessary materials when choosing decorative plaster. The types of textures and methods of application do not particularly affect the desired set of tools, it remains virtually unchanged:

• metal, construction spatula;
• sandpaper;
• trowel;
• paint and texture rollers;
• medium sized brush.

If it is intended to create a color coating, then you need to buy a color scheme, since mixtures on sale can be found exclusively without coloring. When applied, they turn white. You can immediately buy primer, wax or varnish at the hardware store if necessary. Special stamps may be required if imitation snakeskin will be created on the wall.

By the way, if the question arises, how to apply decorative plaster on the walls, you should find out that improvised materials are also suitable for decorating the surface. They can be polyethylene and a wet cloth, a round plastic washcloth, a cord, a thick rope, a foam rubber sponge. And someone prefers to apply the decor simply with their hands, wearing rubber gloves on them - it also turns out a very interesting effect.

Create a textured finish

You need to know not only how to apply decorative plaster, but also how to make a textured surface out of it. The method of application will depend on what effect you want to achieve. With gypsum putty, it is easy to imitate leather and finishing stone, to create a relief pattern. Finishing mixtures are best, but you can mix them with starting ones in equal proportions. The solution is mixed strictly according to the manufacturer's instructions.

To create a base, a thin layer of putty is applied to the primed surface. The thickness of the coating will be no more than five millimeters. Work begins from below, the solution is stretched with long strokes along the wall. Having applied the composition to two square meters, you must immediately proceed to applying the relief, otherwise nothing will be able to be removed on the seized mixture.

The simplest working tool can be called a lump of rag, which is wrapped in plastic wrap. The created tool is applied to the wall, after which the hand must be rotated to tear off the film from the composition. Get a spiral curl. These prints can be arranged in any order. The wall will be covered with patterns resembling peonies or roses. After processing the entire surface, you need to wait a day.

Then the wall is covered with a layer of water-based or acrylic paint, it is left for three hours. Next, polishing is done with a metal spatula to smooth out strongly protruding peaks. Some of the paint is also removed, exposing the base light layer. The result is a bright floral pattern.

You can make wavy patterns from lines with your own fingers. With a round plastic washcloth, you can leave ring-shaped marks, with a sponge with large holes, form a surface that will resemble pebbled leather . Sometimes the reliefs are applied in the usual roller, which is pre-wrapped with a thick cord - the effect of bamboo stems is obtained.

Special dies and roller attachments are required to create imitation reptile skin. The pattern for snake scales or crocodile skin, after drying, needs to be painted over twice to highlight the depth of the pattern. The layers of paint will differ slightly in tone, the top layer is applied extremely carefully: only the protruding parts of the “flakes” need to be painted over. With a soft sponge, you can apply glitter or gilding.

Versailles plaster

Even a novice master can create the luxurious grandeur of Parisian palaces at home. The technology of applying "Versailles" is quite simple Gypsum putty will be required, while finishing and starting marks are mixed in equal quantities. The composition is applied after the primer dries, the sequence of actions looks like this:

A wall designed in this way can be safely washed with damp cloths.

The Versailles technique has another variation: limestone slab imitation. After applying the base, it is required to force the wet plaster to form numerous peaks. To do this, the trowel is pressed with the entire plane to the mass, then it is torn off perpendicular to the wall. The peaks are smoothed out, leaving a texture in the form of recesses and depressions in the depths.

Unsuccessful areas can be redone: it is enough to smooth out an ugly piece, create new peaks and process their tops. The dried wall is painted by hand, with a sponge it is required to rub the acrylic paint. To enhance the effect, you can apply a lighter shade of paint only to the convex parts.

Method of applying "Grotto"

The “rain” and “bark beetle” techniques are based on the effect of scratching the substance with hard grains of quartz or marble. From a fine-grained mixture, a beautiful texture called "grotto" is obtained. You will need plaster paste with dolomite or marble chips and a small amount of Venetian mixture. It is better to glaze the coating with a special wax, which will give the decor a shine of polished stone.

If you execute the algorithm of actions, then the novice master will cope with the task:

The result was a coating resembling granite or polished quartzite - it all depends on the color of the plaster mass.

Imitation of travertine will turn out if you choose a filler in a paste of larger sizes. This option will differ in that after applying the second layer of the model mass, the wall must be ironed with a trowel to a shine. According to the standards of builders, the thickness of the decorative coating should not be more than six millimeters. Thin layers of relief mass acquire their charm due to polishing and tinting.

There is no doubt that the interior with such a finishing material will attract admiring glances. A creative approach to creating a textured coating will certainly bear fruit. The main thing is to carry out the decoration with soul and extremely carefully, then the atmosphere of comfort and warmth will always reign in the room.

Many consider decorative wall plaster to be a beautiful, but very expensive finishing material, but in reality this is not so. Naturally, there are very expensive types of such material, but today we will tell you only about the most affordable ones that anyone can apply with their own hands.

Structural plaster for walls has several types of texture:

• bark beetle (imitation of spoiled tree bark);
• textured plasters under the stone;
• flock (with silk effect);
• with marble chips;
• Venetian;
• "rain" - imitation of raindrops on glass;
• "rock".

We will talk about the most common for interior decoration and, very importantly, inexpensive types - rain and rock, which are the easiest to do.

Application of decorative plaster "rock"

Rock Textured Stucco

This method of application is the easiest, it is perfect for beginners. To create a structural surface, we will not buy a special mixture, but use the usual finishing putty based on gypsum or cement. Sheetrock putty is best suited for this, as it is sold ready-made, it does not need to be stirred by hand. It is better not to take too soft and loose types of such material (for example, Vetonit).

Note! Decorative plaster for the walls of the kitchen, toilet and bath is only suitable for cement-based. Here it is imperative to apply a thick layer of water-based protective varnish over the paint. In wet areas, like bathrooms and kitchen worktops, make a backsplash out of glass, tiles, or panels.

• Before it is important to prime the walls and it is advisable to apply a layer of putty; this will save you gaps and improve the quality of coverage.
• How to apply putty? We choose a small area on the wall, about 0.5 square meters. m., and we collect putty on the ironing board. It is necessary to spread it evenly with a layer of 2-3 mm. The thicker the layer, the rougher the texture will be.
• After that, having evenly distributed the solution on the wall, you can begin to create a structural pattern. clean the trowel from the material and firmly attach it to the wall on fresh putty. This can be done with either side, but you need to slightly raise the bottom edge of the iron and at the same time make a downward movement. If you just apply it to the surface, it will stick.
• In this way you will get the texture by creating small bumps on the applied mortar. To create a beautiful pattern, movements can be completely different, this is the uniqueness of decorative plaster. The main thing is that when the trowel comes off the mixture, do it smoothly so that there are no marks left. Try a couple of times and you will understand how to do it better. You can apply the structure with herringbone, crosswise, vertical, horizontal, etc. movements. If something doesn't work out, you can make amends and try again.
• It is also important to clean the trowel after each applied area so that excess mortar does not spoil the texture.
• After you have done the first section, proceed to the next, but overlap the previous one so that there are no gaps.
• After application, you need to wait about a day for the walls to dry completely, and then you can proceed to further painting, this is written below.

In the process of work, you may have problems with the sticking of the ironing board, traces of it and, as a result, an uneven pattern. If it is not possible to achieve the same pattern on the entire wall, then it's okay - you are doing an imitation of rocks. The main thing is not to allow sudden changes, otherwise they will be striking.

Applying plaster with rain

This finishing method is more difficult than the first, but the result is much more effective. An example of such a wall, see the photo.

An example of decorative plaster with rain in the kitchen

Most often, the structure of the rain is applied at an angle, but this is not important.

• • To apply putty at an angle, mark the walls. Draw slanted lines on them about 3 strokes wide. Lines need to be drawn everywhere at the same angle, it will be difficult to do this at the junctions.
  • Next, stick masking tape on each line so that its bottom edge lies on the line.
  • Decorative plaster with rain should be applied starting from the top corner.
  • We spread the putty with a layer of 3 mm on a strip with a width equal to the size of the trowel and a length of about 1 m.

The process of applying and smoothing decorative plaster

• • To create a droplet structure, the trowel is slightly pressed against the plaster, pulled along the line in a slightly raised state. Repeat these steps until you cover the entire strip.
  • At first, the texture will look more like a hedgehog than rain. To fix this, you need to smooth the surface. To do this, clean the trowel from putty, and lightly pressing it to the solution, smooth it in one direction. In this case, it is important to slightly raise one edge of the trowel so that it does not completely interlock. The weaker you press the tool, the more irregularities will remain. Also, the texture depends on the thickness of the layer.
  • The next strip should be applied with a slight overlap on the finished one. Repeat the steps above until we cover the entire width of the strip.
  • Since you applied the tape about three strokes wide, the last strip will overhang the masking tape a little. This is necessary specifically so that at this junction the layers crawl over each other, which significantly improves the final appearance. In addition, tape helps you keep the desired angle of the picture. When you've finished making one section, simply tear off the tape and continue. You will get a smooth joint that does not need to be smoothed out much.

Advice! If you undertook to do one wall, be sure to finish the job. Because the break will cause a visible difference between the layers, it will not look very pretty.

• When the plaster is dry, sand it down with an abrasive mesh or sandpaper to remove small bumps.

The result of the work is a beautiful wall with a plaster structure.

You can see the method of applying plaster with rain in more detail in the video:

Painting decorative plaster

• • Be sure to prime the surface before painting. For the application of the second and subsequent layers, a primer is not needed.
  • If you paint structural plaster with a solid color, the texture will be lost and the result will not be the best. The greatest effect is achieved when painting with two colors to highlight the texture. To do this, you can use the method of dry brushing or washing. Applying paint with a wash emphasizes the depressions of the relief, and with a dry brush, on the contrary, the protrusions.
  • For a rock, any method is perfect, since its texture is quite diverse, but for rain only a wash is good.
  • In any case, you will have to apply the original background color, preferably in several layers. To do this, apply the paint with a long-haired roller. But too thick a layer will also look bad, as it can hide the small roughness of the texture you created.

Advice! Please note that paint consumption will be more than on ordinary smooth walls. To paint the background for washing, it is better to choose a good waterproof paint, and for a dry brush, any paint will do.

• To highlight the relief with a dry brush, it is better to use light contrasting shades, and to emphasize the wash, on the contrary, use darker ones.

Dry brush painting

Consider how the dry brush painting technique works. To do this, you need a wide flat brush, a paint bath and pieces of cardboard.

• Pour some paint into the bath and dip the brush into it. Then wipe the tool first on the bath and then on a piece of cardboard to remove excess.
• Now you can apply paint to the plaster with light movements in different directions. The important point here is that the brush must be held parallel to the wall so that it barely touches its surface, and with chaotic movements it seems to wipe off the remnants.

The main thing is to avoid sharp color transitions and brush marks. As a result, you should get a wall like in the photo:

Dry brush example

Paint wash

Much more difficult is the second method of applying paint with a wash. Its essence is that you apply another, darker layer of paint to the wall. After some time, you wipe it with a wet cloth, not allowing it to dry completely. As a result, the depressions will look darker than the bulges.

The technology itself is very simple, but requires a lot of time and physical costs. But if you make a bright spot somewhere, you can paint over it again and wipe it off.

The photo shows an example where the first background paint layer was white and the wash layer was yellow.

Dark paint wash example

To make it easier to wash off the second wash layer, it is better to use a simple non-moisture resistant paint. As a rule, it costs less, so you can even save a little.

Lacquer application

The final and mandatory step is varnishing the paint. This is done for additional protection and a brighter and more saturated color.

• For this purpose, you can use any water-based varnish, such as Alpina or Tikkurila. Be sure to dilute it with water approximately 1:1 so that it penetrates well into the structure.
• Apply varnish with a wide brush in 2 or 3 layers. To avoid smudges on the walls, squeeze the brush against the ribs of the paint bath. Before applying the next layer, you need to wait a bit, the varnish dries quickly.

In the photo you can see the result of structural plaster, which was covered with 2 layers of Tikkurila Paneeli Assa varnish. The approximate consumption of varnish is 2.5 liters per 50 square meters. m. plaster with rain.

Lacquered plaster

As you can see, the result is much better. Now you can freely wash such a wall with a rag and not be afraid to damage it. To give the room a finished look, stick the ceiling plinth on the putty during repair or after painting.

How much does decorative plaster cost

1. 3 buckets of Sheetrock putty, each costs 1000 rubles. To save money, you can buy a cheaper type and stir the solution yourself with a mixer.
2. 10 liters of Caparol white paint - 4500 rubles.
3. 2.5 liters of Finncolor ocher paint - 1000 rubles.
4. 1 can of Paneeli Assa varnish - 1200 rubles.

Total: 9700 rubles were spent on decorative plastering of the walls with their own hands, despite the fact that high-quality materials were used, and not the cheapest ones. It does not come out so expensive, but it looks very unusual. This is not wallpapering: not every apartment has such beautiful walls.

Conclusion

As you can see, do-it-yourself textured wall plastering allows you to make repairs without much physical effort, even for a girl. The pattern will be unique on the entire surface, and the finish will be unique.

Subject to the technology described above, such a coating will serve you for many years, even in busy rooms (like a kitchen and a corridor). We have only described some of the ways to create a textured surface, but you can use any means to create a unique design.

In this article, we will talk about how to apply decorative plaster with your own hands. The process itself is not complicated, but it will require your attention and accuracy. Well, first things first...

Method 1

Applying decorative plaster on the walls with your own hands. Sequence of work

To date, a great variety of different wall decoration options have been developed, however, decorative plaster has earned particular popularity and love due to the combination of aesthetics and ease of application. Applying decorative plaster with your own hands will not require enormous efforts and special experience (although you may have to practice). In addition, when you finish finishing the walls, they can be cleaned with detergents without fear that water or these substances will damage the finish.

Thus, plaster is one of the most practical options for decorating walls. If you do everything right, the plaster will serve you for many years without requiring repair or restoration.

How to choose decorative plaster

The choice of plaster is a very important stage, but it is not particularly difficult. Stucco can be classified in different ways. For example, depending on what kind of surface will be obtained at the end of the work, or on the method of coating. And if everything is more or less clear with the second characteristic (having heard the “roller” in relation to the finish, you will understand that the plaster is applied with a roller), then we will dwell on the types of surfaces in a little more detail.

So, decorative plaster can be:

1. Structural. If you are offered “structural plaster” in the store, this means that special granules are added to the paste, which, in fact, is any plaster. For example, pebbles or wood fiber - depending on which surface this finish imitates.

2. Flock. This type implies that tiny multi-colored grains will be planted on top of the glue.

3. Venetian. This is one of the most luxurious types of plaster, which is made using marble flour. As a result, your wall will look like marble.

4. "Antique". Realistic imitation of "attrition".

In most cases, decorative plaster is a homogeneous paste with the addition of a certain pigment, which gives it color. However, when choosing plaster, think about whether you want to get a smooth wall or prefer an unusual texture. In principle, you can create a spectacular relief using ordinary plaster, but it is much easier to initially buy the so-called textured plaster. If in the first case you need to create a relief manually, then in the second - just apply plaster on the wall in an even layer.

The basis of the plaster is also important. According to what is included in the base, all decorative plasters can be divided into the following types:

• Mineral. This is a very fireproof material, which is usually used for outdoor decoration.

• Acrylic. This is one of the most common types of plaster, which is most often used for finishing residential premises.

• silicate. There is an opinion that this type of plaster can be harmful to health, so it is better not to purchase silicate plaster for your own home, even though silicate material is the easiest to apply.

How to prepare a surface for decorative plaster

Like any other finishing work, the application of plaster begins with the fact that the surface of the walls is prepared for further processing. This is done in the following way.

If the old finish remains on the wall, it must be removed, and then the surface should be thoroughly washed to make the wall as clean as possible. When the surface is dry, take the sandpaper and carefully level the wall: there should not be any bumps left on it. Please note that both the application of the plaster and the preparation of the surface should take place at a moderate air temperature in the room: it should not be either cold or too hot.

After cleaning and leveling the wall, the surface must be coated with a primer, which will ensure better adhesion of the wall and decorative plaster. If there are any elements on the wall that can cause rust, such as dowels, they should be insulated - otherwise the rust will penetrate into the wall covering

How to apply decorative plaster

Once you have prepared the surface, you can proceed directly to applying the plaster. Applying decorative plaster on the walls with your own hands requires following the instructions that come with the material. Read the manufacturer's recommendations carefully before starting work.

You need to dilute the plaster correctly (only if it is not silicate - this plaster is sold ready-made, but, as we have already said, it is better not to apply it in living quarters).

The plaster is applied to the walls with a stainless steel spatula or a plastic trowel. The choice of application tool depends on what the material manufacturer recommends.

Please note: when working with decorative plaster, you can not use steel tools, otherwise rust marks will inevitably appear on the surface of the wall.

An approximate list of tools needed for applying plaster:

1. The container in which the mixture is diluted .
   
2. Spatulas (trowels).
3. Ironing board.
   
4. Masking tape - you will protect the surrounding surfaces with it.
5. Roller or mitten for application.
6. Wet cloth - with its help you will clean the tools
7. Wax - they need to cover the plaster at the end of the work, so that the coating is more durable.
8. Gloves.

Before you start applying the plaster, turn off all heaters. If the room is very hot, the plaster will harden too quickly, which means it will be difficult for you to work with it.

Throughout the work, do not leave the jar with the material open. This is necessary so that the material does not lose its properties, as well as in order to protect the plaster from debris or excess moisture getting into it. The correct technique for applying plaster will be indicated on the package - a lot depends on which plaster you have chosen.

On the packaging with the material, the drying time of the plaster must also be indicated. The work can be corrected, but only until the plaster hardens. As soon as this happens, any attempts to change something will cease to produce results, on the contrary: running a tool on a dried surface, you risk damaging the plaster and completely ruining your own work.

Most often, decorative plaster is applied with a trowel or spatula, and then leveled using a roller.

If you have chosen textured plaster with fine grains, then you will need an airbrush to apply the material to the wall. Don't forget to cover nearby surfaces with painter's tape or you'll stain them. In addition, make sure that the plaster lies evenly. The thickness of the layer can be a couple of millimeters, or even more. Apply material continuously, without pauses.

There is another way. The finished solution can be sprayed onto the wall using a stick and a broom. However, do not be upset if you did not manage to apply the plaster correctly the first time in this way. You can either practice spraying it on another surface, or resort to the easier first method.

How to texture plaster

If you initially chose the so-called textured plaster, then the relief on the wall surface will turn out by itself, without additional effort. But it is possible to form a spectacular wall surface relief without the help of special materials. So, if you apply the material with infrequent wide strokes, then the wall will turn out to be visually even, but small “strokes” with a spatula will give the wall a more original and interesting look.

To get an unusual grooved surface, you can use a special grater, or you can give it relief with the same spatula. It is better to do this together with an assistant: one applies a rather thick layer of plaster, and the second immediately forms the texture before the material has time to harden.

Plaster is very plastic: it can be given almost any shape - the main thing is to practice first, because this procedure requires experience. Please note that if you are working with this material for the first time or, without work experience, you have undertaken to do not the usual smooth finish, but textured, then the first time you most likely will not be able to achieve the desired effect. So you need to first practice on cardboard to get a beautiful relief.

Drying speed of decorative plaster

The drying time of such a finish is several days. More precise time depends on the type of mixture, its composition and manufacturer. The time required for complete drying of the material must be indicated on the packaging.

In a couple of days, the plaster will dry and you can touch the walls without problems, however, complete drying will occur only after a week or so.

Method 2

Is it possible to make decorative plaster with your own hands, without experience, and without knowing what materials are used for decoration? An ordinary person who decides to make repairs in his own apartment with his own hands will have an unequivocal answer. Of course, it’s difficult to make such a decorative piece as in the photo (I’m not talking about masters), but if you really want to, for example, make an unusual wall decoration in the kitchen or in the corridor, and the wallpaper is pretty tired, what should I do?
Most often, the person who started the repair is not a specialist in decorative plaster, and even more so does not know what materials are needed, for example, to apply a Venetian, in what sequence to do all the operations.

So, let's begin. What you need from the materials: putty (Turkish “satengips”), fugenfüller (for sealing joints in drywall), primer (in principle, you can use any), paint (for example, triora No. 7, or choose a suitable decorative plaster for painting), color for paints (what color is needed here, you select such a color), glaze (trior company with the “silver” effect). All materials.

According to the tool: a drill with a mixer (for mixing the putty), a pair of large and small spatulas (for applying the mixture), a smoother with rounded corners (for forming the structure of a decorative coating), a grater with sandpaper (for leveling the plaster), two rollers with a large and fine pile (for painting), a sponge (for applying glaze), well, everything seems to be, more on the tool for painting.

On the walls: in principle, with this method of applying decorative plaster, it is not necessary to specially prepare the walls, since the decorative layer will be relatively large and can hide all small irregularities. But, of course, if the walls are very uneven, then it is better to align them. The main preparation is a primer, that is, before applying decorative plaster, we prime the walls.

So, we have prepared the materials and tools, we begin: we stir the putty with fugenfüller in a bucket in a ratio of approximately 1: 1. Instead of fugenfüller, you can use rodband or isogypsum plaster, but in this case the structure will be slightly rougher than when using a mixture with fugenfüller.

Next, we apply a layer of putty approximately 2-4 mm thick on the wall with a conventional spatula. By quadrature, let's say, how much the mixture is mixed, apply so much at a time, well, usually with such a layer it turns out from 4 to 6 square meters, that is, half of a small wall can be repaired immediately.

The next stage is the formation of the structure. There are many ways and it is not necessary to use a trowel, you can walk on the applied layer of plaster with an ordinary sponge or sponge roller, as an example, you can buy a special roller to form the structure of decorative plaster. There are many ways, just if you want to do something unusual, you can just try, for example, on a piece of drywall, creating your own way of decorative plaster, especially on the Internet you can find many samples of finished decor.

So, we form a structure with a trowel, doing it this way: we lightly press the trowel against the plaster, and, as it were, try to “tear” it off the wall. With such movements we pass through the entire layer of putty, a little short of the end of the layer, somewhere 2-3 centimeters - this is necessary so that after applying the next layer of putty, when forming the structure, there are no visible seams on the plaster joint.

We smooth the resulting structure with circular movements of the trowel - here try it empirically: you didn’t like the drawing in some place, we make the structure as described above and smooth it. At least 20-30 minutes before the plaster starts to dry, so there is time.

We applied the structure, fixed it in some places (as without it, after all, for the first time), we wait until it dries. Usually, at normal summer temperatures, it will dry the next day, after which you can proceed to further processing.

Unpainted wall decoration with decorative plaster looks something like in the photo. I repeat once again - this is one of the ways of decorative plaster, which can be done by hand without large material costs.

For painting - immediately apply the background with a long-haired roller to paint over the structure. The background used in the photo is beige.

Next, with a short pile roller, we apply the main layer of paint, that is, a short pile prevents the paint from painting over the main background. It turns out that the background paints over the depressions of the plaster, and the main paint paints over the top.

We are waiting for the paint to dry for about 30-40 minutes and proceed to the final processing of decorative plaster with glaze.

A few words about glaze. In the photo, a glaze with the “silver” effect was used, slightly tinted in beige.

Glaze is applied with a sponge. There is nothing complicated here, the main thing is not to make passes.

Well, do-it-yourself decorative plaster is ready. Try it: there are a lot of options and ways to finish the walls, the main thing is to turn on your imagination, and, we hope, this article was able to help you in the difficult repair.

A good and justified reason for pride is do-it-yourself decorative plaster. It is also an opportunity to emphasize the individuality of the house or the interior of the room. The market offers a variety of materials with which you can realize the most daring, incredible fantasies. The great advantage of this method of decorating a house or apartment is the ability to create a unique pattern. Even with similar materials it is difficult to create the same finish on different walls, and given the wide range of options offered, it is quite easy to achieve the uniqueness of your home.

Varieties of decorative plaster

Before deciding on such a finish, you should find out what decorative plaster is? This is a decorative wall covering that creates a certain artistic effect. Depending on the method by which it is achieved, plaster is divided into two types:

• structural - the decorative layer is formed due to the composition of the mixture, various additives (granules, fibers, etc.), it is used for finishing facades and interior design;
• textured - is the result of the work and artistic fiction of the master.

Of course, such a division is conditional. You should not think that it is enough just to apply and smear structural plaster on the wall and you can get a masterpiece. The same thing with a textured look, by spraying a cement "fur coat" on the barn wall with a broom, in fact, they create a texture. That's just the aesthetic value of such "art" is extremely low.

To create a high-quality, beautiful coating on the walls, appropriate materials, tools, and knowledge of the elementary basics of work are required. For applying decorative plaster with your own hands, a firm hand and good taste will not hurt either. .

Mineral plaster

This is the most common plaster, the connecting element of which is cement (gray or white), or gypsum. Basically, mineral plaster, consists of natural components. However, in recent years, more and more different additives (polymers, fibers, etc.) have been used. It is widely used both for exterior decoration of buildings and for interior work.

One of the advantages of mineral plaster is vapor permeability. Due to its high alkalinity, it is characterized by high resistance to the formation of fungus and mold. However, it has low elasticity, which can provoke the formation of cracks on the surface. As a rule, mineral plaster is white or gray. However, it can be dyed according to personal preference.

In order to protect yourself from unaesthetic stains on the facade or internal wall, if suddenly the paint is damaged and a different color breaks through from below, you should use a plaster painted in mass (colored). At the same time, it should be reckoned with the fact that the range of plaster colors is limited.

Acrylic plaster

The most popular type of plaster, which combines high quality with a reasonable price. Acrylic plaster is also highly resistant to mechanical damage. The color is retained for a long time without the need for touch-up. This decorative plaster is used for walls inside and outside buildings.

The disadvantage of this type of plaster is that the acrylic dispersion is a breeding ground for microorganisms, as a result of which, after a few years, pigment spots in colors from green and blue to black may appear on the surface of the plaster.

To prevent this, manufacturers offer immunization packages for decorative plaster against mold and mildew (biocides). Infected acrylic plaster can be salvaged. However, this comes with additional costs.

The facades of houses located in places of high humidity (near the seas, lakes, rivers, ponds), in the vicinity of large clusters of trees (forests, parks), in rural areas and indoor rooms with high humidity are most susceptible to the formation of fungus. In such places, other types of plasters painted in mass are recommended. It should be added that decorative acrylic plaster, given its low vapor permeability, should not be used for plastering mineral wool.

Silicate plaster

Silicate plasters are made on the basis of potash liquid glass. Due to this, their resistance to the formation of fungus or mold is very high - it is ideal in places where decorative acrylic plaster will be subjected to intense corrosion, biological attack. The cost of this type of plaster is slightly higher compared to acrylic counterparts.

With appropriate flexibility, silicate plaster has a significantly lower coefficient of diffusion resistance against moisture vapor. It follows that it works well in a thermal insulation system using mineral wool.

In addition, it is more resistant to dirt, has a high color fastness (provided that the manufacturer used extremely high quality mineral pigments in the coloring process). The disadvantages of this type of plaster include a small palette of colors of finished plasters, as well as its application during repairs with your own hands - it requires a significant level of skill.

silicone plaster

Without a doubt, the best and most expensive type of plaster. Combines the advantages of high elasticity, hydrophobicity, with low diffusion resistance. In addition, it is extremely resistant to biological corrosion, mechanical damage and contamination. The price is high, but no matter how much it costs, it matches the quality.

Mosaic plasters

Mosaic plasters are often called "pebble" because of the stone grain they contain (marble, granite, quartz chips). These are decorative thin-layer plasters, that is, those that are applied in layers with a thickness contained in the aggregate mass, as a rule, from 1 to 3 mm. The basis of mosaic plasters is transparent acrylic resin. Compared to other decorative mixtures used in construction, they are more flexible and more resistant to damage.

Withstand cleaning without problems - can be washed frequently without the risk of damage. They can cover places subject to mechanical stress and pollution, both for interior wall decoration and outside buildings.

Currently, manufacturers of insulation systems offer, in addition to the four types listed, hybrid plasters, for example, acrylic-silicone or silicate-silicone. This is a mixture of different types of plasters, created to combine their different properties.

In a separate group, plasters can be distinguished, which, due to historical background or technological (geographical) features, somewhat fall out of the general range and even have their own names.

1. Venetian - decorative plaster for interior decoration is made on the basis of lime or lime-gypsum mortar with the addition of marble, granite dust or other stones. It can be made on the basis of various synthetic binders. As a rule, a ready-made mixture is sold (diluted and prepared for use), and it can also be bought in the form of ready-made dry mixtures. Its surface is perfectly smooth and slightly glossy. To achieve a good effect, it is necessary to apply up to five (sometimes ten) layers to the wall, which is a laborious process that requires special skills and patience. It is difficult to perform such artistic plastering with your own hands, without sufficient experience.
2. Japanese plaster is a decorative finishing material that can be applied to the surfaces of walls and ceilings. Something between plaster and wallpaper. Decorative wall plastering with your own hands, performed by this material, is the easiest to work with. Composed of cotton, silk, cellulose fibers, mineral fibers, dyes and various decorative additions. The coating made from it well hides all the defects of the wall. Almost any type of walls and ceilings is suitable for this plaster: concrete, wet plaster or paint, walls sheathed with plasterboard, wood, foam plastic and much more.
3. Travertine is an exclusive material for finishing work, created on the basis of natural binders and marble powder, used both in interiors and outside. Most often for decoration: walls, ceilings, fireplaces, columns, etc. Due to the resistance of such a coating to fungus and mold, as well as its ability to diffuse moisture from the base, it can be used in kitchens and bathrooms. The finishes made by him successfully imitate natural travertine, along with its original structure and patterns. This material consists of natural lime binders, aggregates, marble and dolomite chips. After finishing the walls with decorative travertine plaster, they are coated with special wax or varnish. For the protection of outdoor surfaces, appropriate primers are used that protect them from the effects of adverse weather conditions.
4. Tadelakt - exotic plaster of "Moroccan origin". It is a waterproof plaster surface used for finishing bathtubs, sinks, ponds, interior and exterior walls, ceilings. It is made from lime plaster which is compacted, polished and treated with soap to make it waterproof and water repellent. Tadelakt is a labor-intensive material in work, but very remarkable - it has a "live", wavy structure. Pigment can be added to give it any color, but deep red is considered traditional. It can be shiny or matte, but looks best when it resembles a stone with a velvety sheen.

French plasters of various manufacturers are widely known. With their help, you can create various structures - from the effect of an adobe wall to surfaces that accurately imitate polished stone.

Finishing with decorative plaster

Artistic wall plastering can be done independently. To do this, prepare the tools and be patient.

Tool

When applying structural plasters, it is necessary to use several basic tools that are usually used in plastering work and special devices to create the desired texture on the surface. The toolbox looks like this:

• capacity for plaster mass;
• a set of spatulas from the smallest to the widest;
• graters - metal (Venetian), wooden, plastic;
• metal trowel;
• electric drill with mixer attachment;
• trowel (trowel);
• masking tape.

You should also prepare rollers of various widths and with different piles, sponges, wide brushes, patterns with patterns.

To apply decorative plaster with your own hands, you can use many other somewhat less professional accessories available in the house. For example, a regular comb or brush can be used to create the texture of denim or corduroy. Striped patterns are obtained through the use of children's (toy) rakes. Even with your own hand, “armed” only with a glove, you can create original patterns on walls covered with decorative plaster. Also, various devices are sometimes used for the automatic application of structural plasters.

You should deal with finishing such a section of the wall that can be completed in one day, preferably from corner to corner. If you leave half of the wall unfinished and continue the next day, then a joint is formed that cannot be eliminated. If this is not feasible (the wall is too large), then the joint is sealed with masking tape - this will disguise it a little.

Training

The base for thin-layer structural plaster must be solid, fat-free and dry; free from stains and efflorescence of biological and chemical origin. All loose, non-bonded layers (e.g. loose plaster) must be removed. If the surface irregularities are significant (from 5 to 15 mm), the wall should be pre-leveled. Wet plaster can be used for this.

With small irregularities (up to 5 mm), the base can be leveled and smoothed with a layer of putty. Absorbent substrates must be primed with an appropriate primer before applying leveling mortars and/or fillers. The application of mortars, fillers and/or compensatory measures must be carried out in accordance with the technical data sheets of these products. In case of applying the mass on newly made mineral substrates (e.g. concrete, cement and cement-lime wet plaster), it is necessary to observe the appropriate curing period (for acrylic and mineral plasters at least 3-4 weeks, and for silicate plaster at least 2 weeks). Before applying the solution, the base should be primed with a preparation suitable for this type of plaster. To limit the possibility of translucence of the color of the base through the texture of the plaster, it is recommended to use a primer to match the color of the plaster.

The type of base can affect the final result of the plastering, therefore, in case of a non-uniform base, it is recommended to reupholster the entire surface with a layer of putty. To avoid color differences, it is necessary to perform the surface in one working cycle, using the “wet on wet” method. During application and drying of the mortar, the temperature must be kept between 5°C and 25°C.

Application

How to apply decorative plaster with your own hands? The process does not cause any particular difficulties, but some subtleties should be taken into account. Using a drill with a mixer installed, the solution is mixed exactly in the appropriate (indicated by the manufacturer) proportions with water or other additives, dyes, such as pigments.

If a ready-made (diluted) mass is used, it is simply mixed. When the primer dries, prepared plaster is applied to the wall. You need to try to do it evenly, keeping the layer thickness from 2 to 5 mm. The easiest way to do this is with a metal trowel.

To obtain an imitation of some natural surfaces, such as marble, granite, travertine, concrete or velvet, you need to be patient. To achieve the desired effect, it is often necessary to apply at least two layers of decorative plaster. After applying each layer, the surface must also be subjected to additional processing. The technology for performing work is different for each type.

When creating a surface for travertine, characteristic samples of this stone are purposefully formed, imitating pits and depressions. It is best to make them with the edge of a Venetian grater, attached to the wall at an angle of 90 degrees. Then the surface should be leveled by grinding with sandpaper. At the end, for fixing and protection, they cover the wall with decorative varnish.

Creating a surface that imitates concrete, after applying the solution twice, it is sequentially “teared” and rubbed with a Venetian float. The surface is moistened immediately before grouting, which makes it easier to give the desired structure.

The most difficult do-it-yourself decorative plaster, perhaps, is Venetian. After the wall is prepared and the soil has dried, the solution is painted, since after purchase it has a natural white color. Pour the dye into it and mix thoroughly. Then proceed to applying it to the wall. The plaster is applied in stages, layer by layer, using a grater.

Level, pressing tightly, with a thin layer over the entire surface of the wall, then wait for the time indicated on the package. The dried layer is polished, smoothing out irregularities. Then you need to clean the wall of dust, and then apply another layer. At this stage it is necessary to distribute the product so as to obtain a smooth, shiny surface. Wait again for it to dry. Apply a third layer. The first layer is the base, the rest form the pattern, so they are applied in random strokes, and then smoothed out.

Each layer (there may be 5 or more) is polished. Then you need to wait until the last layer dries, and apply wax. Wax is applied to a small fragment of the wall, after which it must be distributed to the rest.

Japanese - just enough to align with an ordinary paint roller. In more detail, the contents of the package are poured with the required amount of water (according to the instructions indicated on the package) and mixed until a homogeneous mass is obtained. The prepared plaster is left for an hour for complete impregnation with water.

To apply Japanese plaster, you do not need special tools. Just a grater, a roller and a spatula, with which the mass is applied to the wall, evenly stretching it with a grater. The applied layer of material should be as thin as possible. Using a roller, compact the plaster, smooth it with a spatula and level the edges. The applied mass dries for about 48 hours.

Japanese plaster can be used several times. To do this, clean the applied layer of plaster after its preliminary, thorough moistening. Mix the removed mass well, adding such an amount of water to obtain the correct consistency. Apply again with a trowel and roller.

"Bark beetle" - in fact, the usual wet plaster, the texture of which is formed by the granules contained in it. The solution applied (best with a metal trowel) is leveled with a plastic grater, forming a pattern. The most common - "rain" is obtained by moving the grater up and down. The type of wall depends solely on the imagination of the master, there are many options (left-right, "snowflake", etc.). If the wall was previously leveled, it is impossible to spoil the "bark beetle".

An interesting option for interior work is magnetic plaster - it creates magnetized walls with decorative plaster. The method of application and painting is no different from ordinary gypsum plaster.

The application of decorative plaster is interestingly shown in the video:

Painting works

Most mixtures are already painted, but if there is no such coating, then it's okay, painting walls covered with decorative plaster practically does not differ from ordinary painting work. Painting is carried out in two layers with a long-haired roller, and in hard-to-reach places - with a brush.

It is desirable to adapt the selection of shades to the interior design, but you can forget about the conventions and make the walls in contrasting or flashy expressive colors - this will be an interesting artistic finish. To decorate this type of surface, metallic paints with a gloss have proven themselves well, which, by reflecting light, further emphasize the artsy texture of the wall. Paints can be applied with a roller or brush, as well as with a sponge or cloth - in each case, getting a completely different end result.

So what is decorative plaster? In addition to aesthetic criteria, decorative plaster has high strength characteristics, it is easy to keep clean, so it is used almost everywhere. Ideal for high traffic areas such as stairwells, hallways, kitchens, bathrooms.

In addition, it is used to decorate curly architectural elements, such as fireplaces, cornices, columns, as well as furniture decoration. Properly prepared and designed, it can successfully decorate any building or interior.

Finishing the walls is a very troublesome and responsible event. Especially if the corners and walls are uneven. Pasting such surfaces with wallpaper or decorative tiles is a difficult task and it is rarely possible to solve it qualitatively.

In such situations, decorative plaster comes to the rescue.

What it is

At present, the dominance of dry mixes is the same free-flowing composition as the usual mass for interior wall decoration. The properties of the decor are given to it by various additives specially introduced into the recipe. It can be small stones, and even wood fibers, which give the lined surface a completely original pattern and texture.

Even an experienced plasterer, starting to finish the walls, will not be able to imagine at the beginning of work what will happen in the end. Therefore, the masters prefer to make a test application on a small flat surface before starting work, for example, on a piece of drywall. The test allows you to immediately determine the methods and techniques of coating to identify the most advantageous characteristics of the decorative coating.

Cost of decorative plaster

The presented material has many varieties. Depending on the composition, the price of the material in the form of a dry mixture ranges from 200 to 600 rubles per square meter. The consumption rate of the finished composition is presented by the manufacturer and indicated on the packaging. And the price of work for m 2 invited specialists is from 250 rubles.

At the same time, it should be borne in mind that the use of this method of wall finishing eliminates the need to perform a number of preparatory operations on their surfaces, which reduces the cost of the final cost of the coating. In addition, having minimal skills in finishing work, you can do it yourself, eliminating a significant part of the costs.

Types of decorative plaster

Several types of classification of such material for wall decoration are used:

• By type of binder.
• Depending on the type of filler, which determines the texture of the surface.

On the first question, you can get advice from the manager of the building materials store. The choice depends, first of all, on the texture of the finished surface and the operating conditions of the coating after application.

Depending on the filler, the classification may be as follows:

1. textured surfaces. As the name implies, the finish surface is uneven. The material successfully hides almost any defects on the wall and allows the performer to independently apply it even with zero skills in such work. Actually, this determines the high popularity of this particular type of coating. And the price of the material is at a minimum level for this type of coating.

Plasters of this type, in turn, are divided into several varieties:

• "Lamb". This design gives an idea of ​​a soft woolen surface when viewed from the side. It is well combined with substrates of mineral origin.
• "Fur coat". The surface is similar to the previous one, but looks like fleecy.
• "Bark beetle". When applied on a plane, grooves are formed, surprisingly resembling traces of a bark beetle, with the right choice of tone, the texture corresponds to aged wood.

1. Structural. This type of coating is characterized by the almost absolute unpredictability of the nature of the surface that will be obtained during application. The previous option still allows you to somehow predict the result. In this case, at the beginning of work, you can be sure of only one thing - some kind of structure will still appear on the surface.
2. Venetian. In terms of its decorative capabilities, this plaster surpasses other types. One of the features of such a coating is the need to create an almost perfectly flat surface, which is not always available even to experienced craftsmen. The application process takes a lot of time. A distinctive characteristic is also the translucency of the material. With the right setting of lighting, the effect of an internal glow of the surface is created. This property allows you to make design solutions in which the image on the wall looks like in a haze or fog.

In addition to the types of decorative plaster mentioned here, others are also produced. All of them differ in the nature of the fillers that imitate one or another surface that is inaccessible at a cost. Such characteristics can be imitation wood or silk fabric.

These materials also include colored plaster, produced in a wide range of tones.

Do-it-yourself plaster wall decoration

With the exception of some cases (application of a Venetian coating), plastering work is quite simple and any developer, if there is time and desire, tends to do this work on their own. The desire is quite reasonable and understandable, but you need to take into account a number of circumstances, which are outlined below:

• You need to carefully consider the selection of material. Here, the advice of an experienced specialist is not only desirable, but also mandatory. And it would be better if it was not a store manager responsible for sales, but an uninterested person from the outside. Ideally, it is better to see a sample of the execution of a particular interior. The calculation of the amount of material based on the recommendations of the manufacturer is not always correct. In an effort to assure the buyer of economic efficiency, he shows the minimum consumption, which in the conditions of real performance is not always achievable. Therefore, it is better to purchase the amount of material with a small margin.
• If there are no gross defects on the surface to be coated, fine finishing can be neglected. Only rough chips and cracks should be repaired. The rest will be effectively eliminated by a layer of plaster, for which it was originally intended. But the application of a primer is mandatory - it significantly improves the adhesion of the plaster composition to the wall surface. It is generally accepted that the finer the structure of additional inclusions, the higher the surface quality should be.

• After the final drying of the primer, and it needs at least half a day for this, you can start plastering. With a complete lack of experience, no instructions, including videos, will help. But a lot of time to master the profession is not required. It is only necessary to start work from the least important place, for example, where the furniture will subsequently stand. It is also useful to practice on foreign material from waste building materials.
• At the end of the application of plaster, it can be given additional charm by adding additional relief, which will require additional tools. The untinted surface can be painted additionally, choosing the paint to your liking. This method is used to ensure uniformity of tone throughout the room, which is often impossible with the inevitable frequent kneading of the plaster composition.

Plaster is generally a waterproof coating. Therefore, it can be washed without fear. In this case, you should refrain from using aggressive detergents. A mild detergent is used with elastic sponges, hard brushes and products containing abrasives are not applicable for the care of such a coating - the surface quickly loses its appearance, becomes matte due to the large number of scratches. As an additional protection, the surface is covered with a thin layer of wax, which protects it from moisture, but not from mechanical damage.

If you want to change the interior, the walls can be repainted, and if you plan to use wallpaper, the walls can be additionally plastered.

Plaster tool

Tools and accessories for professionals are quite diverse. It should ensure not only the productivity of work, but also their quality.

The range of tools used largely depends on the choice of the nature of the coating. In the simplest version, you can get by with a minimal set of spatulas of different sizes. You will also need a trowel, and for more complex options, it is desirable to use textured rollers. If surface painting is envisaged, you need to stock up a painting tool.

Applying plaster to the wall

How to make decorative plaster with your own hands? For self-execution by a person without experience, a coating of the bark beetle type can be recommended. It does not require careful preparatory measures. Due to its texture, it is not necessary to diligently align it during the application process. To work with such material, several spatulas of various widths and a small skill in plastering are enough. It is almost impossible to spoil the bark beetle. The technology involves manufacturing in various versions, which directly depends on the size of the inclusion grains. Larger ones will require a thicker coating layer.

The device of the "Venetian" without a solid knowledge of skills is impossible. When performing it, it is necessary to apply several ideally even layers of plaster on a perfectly prepared surface, each with its own properties.

Silicone materials also require special skills. This is painstakingly delicate work that requires incredible patience and artistic inclinations. But the result also corresponds to the invested work.

Applying decor to the wall can be done in the following order:

• In accordance with the instructions on the packaging of the mixture, a solution of the desired consistency is prepared. Its quantity should provide for the possibility of developing at a time. Additional stirring with the addition of water is not possible - the thickened residue will have to be thrown away.
• A spatula and a grater become a universal tool. The applied layer of plaster is evenly distributed over the surface. As soon as the mass shows the first signs of hardening, it must be rubbed with a grater, while creating a pattern.
• For beginners in this business, there are several simple tricks that allow you to get a beautiful decorative design with simple operations. This can be grouting with undulating movements, beveled or straight lines that mimic rain, various closed curves or intersecting stripes. Movements during the performance of work must be confident, soft, not allowing corrections.

• An interesting surface texture can be obtained by using the most unexpected items, from crumpled paper to brushes or washcloths. The easiest way is to use textured rollers with different patterns. Given the limited hardening time of the plaster, the drawings also need to be done as quickly as possible, there will be no opportunities for correction.
• After 15 - 20 minutes after drawing the pattern, the coating begins to lose its luster, which indicates the beginning of the crystallization of the solution. It is necessary not to miss this moment, and walk along the surface with a wet trowel, smoothing out irregularities and removing too sharp changes in the relief. The tool needs to be cleaned more often and moistened abundantly.
• To separate sections of the coating with different textures, it is advisable to use construction tape. It must be removed before the applied mortar has cured to ensure a clean, tear-free interface line.
• Complete drying of the solution occurs within a day. After this time, you need to treat the surface with a fine emery cloth. In this way, excessively protruding parts and uneven coatings are removed.
• A protective coating in the form of varnish or wax is applied to the surface approximately three days after the decorative layer is applied. Before applying it, you need to carefully clean the surface of dust using a vacuum cleaner.

• When finishing exterior walls, a concrete-like surface using river pebbles is popular. After applying the composition to the wall, when it shows the first signs of hardening, you need to wash off a small part of the outer layer of the solution with a wet paint brush. The pebbles exposed at the same time are a wonderful decorative design for the wall.

Decor in alternative ways

To give decorative properties to the putty coating, you can use the following techniques:

• Purchase a dry putty mixture and dilute it with water, taking into account the recommendations on the package. The most convenient are materials based on gypsum or cement. Possessing high strength properties, they allow you to successfully level out irregularities on the base.
• For the base layer, a thickness of 2 mm is sufficient, there is no need for careful leveling of the surface, since the decor will visually hide almost any irregularities.
• In the process of creating a textured surface, you can use various tools and techniques. A common way is to use a spatula or trowel
• Various stamps and embossed rollers with ready-made patterns are widely used

As a finishing operation, surface painting is most often performed. It is made with a paint roller in two passes, the first time - with a long pile, the second - with a short one. Such a coating best highlights the texture of the finish.

Texture elements are applied to the front layer of the same putty. Its thickness should not exceed 3 mm. Otherwise, cracking during operation is possible.

Drying of the putty layer must be done with closed doors and windows. Drafts are not allowed. Accelerating the process by turning on the heaters can lead to cracking and collapse of the finish layer. The essence of the process is the crystallization of the mass of the finishing material, in which air moisture also takes part. Therefore, its premature removal will lead to disruption of the process.

As you can see from the data above, the process of finishing with decorative plaster can be very simple, even easier than creating a smooth base surface. But individual materials and methods require special attention and skill, as well as artistic taste. Realistically assess your strengths and capabilities. I wish you success!