Hanging balcony on the 2nd floor. How to attach a balcony on the second floor: useful recommendations and instructions. Ways to add a balcony

Some residential buildings do not have balconies on the first and second floors. This fact is quite embarrassing for residents, since a loggia or balcony is an additional usable area. On its territory, you can store conservation, a bicycle, tools and much more that the household should have at hand, it is accepted not on a code day. Some even equip a gym, office or winter Garden. Is it possible to make a balcony if it is missing?

Is it possible to make a balcony if there is none

It should be noted that for the manufacture of a balcony you will need without fail permission from the relevant authorities. If you do not get it, then quite serious problems may arise, the minimum of which is the demolition of the entire structure. Unauthorized extensions of these structures in high-rise buildings prohibited.

In order to make a balcony, you will need the following documents and permits:

• Ownership of the apartment;
• Plan of the apartment and the adjacent area (BTI);
• Permissive document from housing and communal services;
• Written consent of tenants who live in the neighborhood;
• redevelopment project;
• Permission from the public utility, the department of architecture.

If possible, it is better to contact a notary who will be able to collect all the documentation in a short period of time. An independent procedure will take a lot of time.

Is it possible to attach a balcony to the apartment (video)

If the apartment does not have a balcony

An apartment without a balcony is not a particularly attractive option. When selling real estate, many owners have to throw off a fairly large amount precisely because there is no balcony. But at the same time, by making an extension, it is possible in the future not only to increase usable area apartments, but selling it is much more profitable.

Currently, the construction of a balcony in an apartment is a very common phenomenon. At the same time, the owners of apartments on the upper floors almost always begin to complete their area.

As an option, you can consider an innovative invention - a balcony-window that performs a dual function. True, the usable area will practically not increase. But more on that below.

Design is important

No construction is complete without a design procedure. If there is no balcony, and the owner wants to build it, first of all, you should draw up a sketch of the future balcony. At the same time, we must not forget that the design must be in harmony with common facade building. For design, a drawing is created, according to which in the future it will be easy to calculate the amount of consumables.

Now there are a lot computer programs, which allow you to create a project and see future design in 3D image.

Perfect option- use the services of a competent and professional architect or builder, because the main thing is not only beauty, but also a fortress, structural strength.

What are the options for balconies

If there is no balcony, then you can build it yourself.

There are several ways to fix a balcony:

1. Cantilevered plate - the most common method of fastening the structure in high-rise buildings;
2. Slab on cantilever beams - more often used in cottages;
3. Plate on brackets - used for the construction of balconies in multi-storey buildings, this species allows you to withstand heavy loads;
4. A balcony that rests on a house wall or column;
5. Attached (attached) balconies - in this case, the structure is attached to the building.

If there is no balcony, but it is planned to build it, then with self-construction it is better to use brackets or extensions. Basically, the owners of apartments on the ground floor are deprived of additional convenience. The ideal option in this case is a metal frame, which will be attached to the wall of the building. At correct installation, in the future, neighbors who live higher can also increase the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe balcony.

The creation of the structure begins with the manufacture of the frame, for which you will need metal corners (6 * 6 cm), for the parapet (4.5 * 4.5 cm). The base must be in the shape of an isosceles right triangle. After the welding work is completed, the structure must be attached to the wall using anchor bolts. To area upper shelves welded on metal carcass, which serves as a support for the floor of the future balcony.

The next stage is the strengthening of the parapet, the dismantling of the window block and the creation of a doorway. Then flooring is performed, floor insulation. Under the base should be a sheet of metal. It will protect against fires and penetration.

For outer skin most commonly used sheets of corrugated board. The final stage - balcony glazing, insulation.

Not necessarily a balcony can be standard. On the first floor, some people prefer balconies with takeaway. This method allows you to maximize the usable area. In order for the building to look perfect and have an aesthetic appearance, you need to consider external decoration.

Some prefer to make an extension of the attached balcony on the foundation. The most common options for building a balcony with your own hands are attached. In this case, the balcony will rest on the foundation and be attached to the facade wall.

Attached structures have advantages over suspended structures - they can be safely attached using a large reach from the wall, which creates much more usable space.

The whole procedure begins with the construction of the foundation. A pit is dug and installed foundation blocks. Important - the depth of the foundation should be made such that it does not exceed the depth of freezing of the soil. The height of the foundation of the building and extension must be identical. decorative trim the foundation of the attached balcony should be made in the same style as the building.

Next steps - construction brickwork, which forms the walls of the building and directly the balcony. The walls are attached as closely as possible to the facade of the building. Be sure to complete all waterproofing work. Experts recommend using double waterproofing when building a balcony with your own hands. Thus, the building will be protected from groundwater or moisture. Almost always the roof of such a balcony is a slab of the upper floor. But in this case, it all depends on the owner of the building. You can make an independent roof.

The next steps are insulation and glazing of the structure. Panoramic glazing is now considered stylish and fairly common. Depending on the function of the balcony, you can make cold or warm glazing. Many prefer not only the insulation of the facade, but also the installation of heating radiators inside the balcony. The final stage is the internal and external decoration of the structure.

Window-balcony - a new design solution

If there is no balcony, then you don’t have to be particularly upset, because today there are a lot of different building innovations that have already been introduced. One of them is a window-balcony. The design is really unique, because an ordinary window can easily be transformed into large balcony with railings. Danish developers made a splash by creating such a design. It is now widely used in country cottages and performs the function of not only a balcony, but also an emergency fire exit.

With the help of a balcony window, you can make the attic more spacious, fill it daylight. This design is considered innovative and practical solution for those who want to get a beautiful landscape from the window, access to the air directly from the masandra.

Balcony window (video)

The window becomes a balcony in seconds. After lifting the top section, you need to push the bottom forward. All - you can go out and breathe fresh air. Mounting method - upper hinges. It can be used as a balcony or just a window that will open for ventilation. The only drawback is the rather expensive cost of the system. This design is available only to wealthy people.

Attention, only TODAY!

How to make a balcony in a private house, how to properly equip its fence, floor and canopy - you will learn about all this from our article.

Many people like balconies, they give the facade a complete and harmonious look. But in addition to aesthetics, such an architectural design increases the comfort of living in the house. It gives you the opportunity to go outside Fresh air without leaving the cottage. Often, cozy corners are arranged on the balconies for the whole family to relax. If you wish, you can make a small winter garden there. Also, balconies are used to put some things that do not fit in the house or need to be stored in a cool place.

The balcony is able to increase the natural light of the room many times over. That is why they are often made in houses with an attic. Such an architectural structure can be placed on top of the terrace or veranda, which are located on the ground floor. This is also a great cost savings, since in this case the floor of the balcony will also be the roof for the veranda.

What should be the balcony, where to place it?

Do-it-yourself balcony in a private house it is quite possible to do, but it will take quite a lot of time and money. Remember that this design must be not only beautiful, but also safe so that it can withstand the weight of several people who will stand on it. To financial expenses and the work was not in vain, you need to think very well where to place the balcony so that you really use it. It is not uncommon for such a design to be unnecessary simply because it was made in bad place. For example, tenants only after the construction of the house and its intro for exploitation realized that the balcony, for example, is located on the side of the neighbor’s yard, and you don’t want to relax there with your family at all, so that all the neighbors can see you. There are times when a balcony is located on the front side of the cottage, which overlooks a noisy road. Therefore, residents practically do not use it, because they do not want to relax, sitting above the highway.

In a word, you need to think very well where the balcony would be appropriate in your house, on which side to place it, so that it really becomes a cozy relaxation area, and not just an additional place to store things. A balcony can be made between the two walls of the house that form right angle. In this case, it will be really cozy corner If such a balcony is glazed and heating is installed there, it will be possible to relax on it even in winter.

Think about what exactly you want to do do-it-yourself balcony in a private house. If it will be used, for example, as a smoking area so as not to go out into the courtyard every time, or if it will first of all be just a decorative element of the building, it can be made small with a ledge from the wall of 70-100 cm. If you want a balcony to do for relaxation, keep in mind that there you will need to place a small table, chairs. The protrusion of such a balcony should be at least 1.5 meters. In this case, from below it must necessarily be supported by racks, without this the structure will be dangerous.

Be sure to consider what material your house is built from. Wooden balconies look amazing, the weight of the wood is very light, it will not add a significant load to the cottage foundation. But far from always a balcony made of such building material will be appropriate, for example, if the building is built of brick or modern aerated concrete blocks in some fashion style loft, hi-tech or techno. In this case, the balcony must be made of reinforced concrete with metal railings.

How to make a frame for a future balcony?

Do-it-yourself balconies in private houses are most often made of wood. Heavy reinforced concrete structures require special equipment for their installation. If a wooden balcony is being made during the construction of the cottage, then the floor beams will become an excellent basis for it. In the place where the balcony is planned, the beams are made long and released outside the wall to such a distance as the future balcony structure should be. So that the frame does not deform and collapse, it is necessary to use beams with a section of 150x80 mm for these purposes. The width of such wooden balcony can be up to 2 meters.

If a interfloor ceilings in the house are made of reinforced concrete, it will not work to take out such beams. In this case, the balcony structure is made on special supports. To do this, it is necessary to fix a beam on the wall, the cross section of which must be at least 150x50 mm. Fasten it with galvanized metal anchors or consoles. The method of mounting the beam is chosen depending on what the walls of the house are made of.

After that, they attach to the wooden balcony racks cross beam. It is on it that all load-bearing beams will rely. The design will turn out to be reliable and strong, if the transverse beam rests on top of the columns, you should not screw it overlay. Please note that it should be installed slightly lower than the wall support beam. This is done in order to get a slope of 2-3 degrees from the wall of the house, this will prevent the accumulation of moisture. The balcony area should be located 50 cm lower than the floor in the second floor room. This will prevent moisture from melting snow from entering the house. After that, it is necessary to attach balcony beams, the section of which is 150x50 mm, to the support bars using galvanized metal corner consoles. In this case, the step should be within 500-700 mm.

How to make struts and columns of a balcony?

If desired do-it-yourself balconies in private houses you can make not only small ones, but also large ones, where a table and chairs will fit. But such a design must be fixed with the help of special struts that reinforce the base. We are talking about balconies that will protrude significantly from the wall. Such a brace can be made from a durable beam, which must be cut into the extreme beams and made to rest against the embedded elements of the wall. The brace is made of wood in the form of a right triangle. At the same time, one of its legs will be located on the facade of the house, it is attached with anchors, and the other must be securely screwed to the beams of the balcony area. Forged metal struts are very durable and beautiful. They are perfect for almost any wooden balcony design.

If you want to make a large balcony according to the beam-rack system, its outer part must be supported with pillars. Like struts, there should be at least two such pillars. But if the design of the balcony is overall, they are made even larger to make it safe and strong. The columns supporting the large balcony must be placed on a columnar foundation. Only in this case it is possible to prevent their subsidence. Ideally, if such a base for the columns is poured simultaneously with the foundation structure of the entire building. She must be one with her. Only in this case will any distortions be completely excluded.

If you want to learn how to make a balcony in a private house that is built of wood, remember that the best option is to build a balcony structure and the entire cottage at the same time. Wood shrinks significantly, if you first remove the walls, the roof, and then start attaching a balcony to the house, which rests on columns, there is a high probability that the whole structure will warp due to shrinkage, gaps will form between the wall and the balcony.

To make strong wooden columns, you need a dry beam, the section of which is 100x100 mm. Fix them strictly vertically. To do this, you can use auxiliary struts, which are removed after the balcony frame is fully assembled. You can attach wooden columns to the foundation using box-shaped consoles for mounting racks, which were previously walled up in concrete. You can also use corners for secure fastening. But in the best possible way nevertheless, there are box-shaped consoles, their size is chosen depending on the cross-section of the beam. To completely eliminate the lateral oscillations of the columns, it is possible to make inclined braces that will support them. Such additional fasteners are necessary if the balcony is very large and heavy.

What to make a durable balcony floor?

Terraced board is very popular now. This modern material made from wood fiber and plastic. It looks exactly like a tree. Such a board is easily and quickly cut and processed. The surface of this material is polished and imitates beautiful wood species. It is best to purchase a terrace board that has hidden fasteners, in which case the floor will be perfectly flat and aesthetic.

Such a board is good because it is not afraid of moisture at all, it will never crack, bark beetles or mold will not start in it. It does not need to be covered with varnish, paints or antifungal treatment. But it is quite possible to make flooring from ordinary wooden planks. In order for them to serve for a long time, they must be pre-treated with antifungal impregnations, and then hidden with varnish or paint. Please note that these materials must be designed for outdoor use and for use in high humidity conditions.

How to make a balcony railing?

Balcony railings are not just decoration, they must be very reliable, strong so that you can lean on them without fear of falling. If the entire balcony is made of wood, then the fence is most often also made of wood, but in some cases it is quite suitable. forged metal. Remember that the balcony railing must be combined with the overall architecture of the building. For example, a wooden carved fence will look out of place in a house whose facade is sheathed. plastic panels, or in the case when the cottage is built in modern style minimalism, hi-tech or the like. The best option for such houses there will be fences made of metal.

If you are interested in how to make a balcony in a private house with wooden railings, you will learn about this further from our article. The railing posts are attached to load-bearing beams with help spike connection. You can also use self-tapping studs. To securely attach all the balustrade posts, use corners, metal struts, brackets. Safety standards require that the balcony railings can withstand a horizontal load of 100 kg / m. To do this, the distance between the posts and other elements of the railing is made at least 10-12 cm, so that even small children cannot climb through them. Regardless of the material from which the balcony railing is made, its height should be at least 1 meter, and even better though would be 1.2 meters. Only such railings will be truly reliable.

How to make a good canopy for a balcony?

This design is optional, some customers in the development individual house project on the contrary, they ask that the balcony be made completely open without a canopy. But if you want to relax there in any weather, even on a hot summer day, it is better to make a canopy after all. In this case, you will be able to be on the balcony, even if it is raining outside without strong wind. The canopy will close the furniture that you put on the balcony from the shower, snow, the scorching rays of the sun. Thanks to this design, it will be possible to dry things there on a rainy day, when it is impossible to do it in the yard. In a word, the canopy will make the balcony even more comfortable and functional.

Often they make a balcony right under the roof of the house, in which case it will be a canopy. If you are wondering how to make just such a balcony with your own hands in a private house, the photo will help you figure it out.

But it is quite possible to make a canopy independent of the roof. For this on bearing wall attach support board to which the rafters are mounted. The front of the canopy must be supported by struts that go from the wall. You can also rely on pillars, which can be columns of a balcony that protrude beyond the level of the site.

It is desirable to cover the balcony canopy with the same roofing material as the roof of the building. In this case general form will be really harmonious. It is quite possible to do without installing a solid canopy. There are fabric or PVC awnings, they require light frame. There are summer models of such canopies, they need to be removed for the winter so that they do not tear from strong winds and heavy snow.

How to choose a protective coating for balcony structures?

In order for all structural elements of your balcony to serve for many years and retain their aesthetic appearance, they must be protected from the effects of climatic factors. Remember that the balcony is outside, so it must withstand rain, hail, snow, strong wind and scorching sun, while remaining strong, reliable and beautiful. For outdoor work on this moment are considered the best alkyd-urethane varnishes. When they harden, an elastic heavy-duty film is obtained, which is resistant to absolutely any atmospheric influences.

Remember that varnish or paint, as well as impregnation, a primer, must be selected from one manufacturer so that their composition is compatible with each other. The wooden structures of the balcony are treated with putty, sealing all cracks. After it dries, the layer is polished, making it perfectly even. After that, a special primer is applied, which will ensure excellent adhesion of the subsequent layer of material. There are tinting impregnations that can make a tree darker, emphasize its beauty. They are used if a special varnish is applied on top instead of paint.

Finishing all wooden structures balcony is carried out in several stages. To begin with, using a sprayer or brush, the first coat of paint or varnish is applied. After it dries, it must be sanded using a fine abrasive. After that, a second layer is applied, which, thanks to grinding, will look perfectly even, the color will turn out to be saturated. Metal structures also need to be coated with a special paint, which is designed specifically for this material and for outdoor work. They are pre-treated with primers that prevent the formation of rust and provide excellent adhesion of the paint layer and metal.

Need for self erection a balcony often occurs among owners of private houses or residents of apartments in which the presence of such a room was not initially provided for by the design.

You can handle the work of erecting and finishing a balcony on their own. Read the instructions in this guide and get started.

Construction Options

There are 2 main options for building a balcony, namely:

If the structure is attached to the second and higher floors, it must have additional supports. It is forbidden to fix the building exclusively to the wall - it will not stand.

The function of the supports is most often performed by columns. They fit well into the environment and complement the architecture of the house.

Before starting work, compose or order in specialized organization balcony project with a detailed diagram.

Building a balcony on a foundation

If the balcony is attached to the first floor, it will be quite simple strip base. In the case of arranging an extension on the higher floors, build.

In general, the order of arrangement concrete foundations remains almost the same. The following is an instruction for the construction of a tape- column foundation. Removing recommendations for installing poles from the manual, you will get ready instructions for the installation of the strip base.

First step. Mark the future foundation on the ground. For marking, use pegs and a cord.

Second step. Get rid of the top layer of soil. Dig a trench to the required depth (determined according to local soil conditions) and post holes.

Third step. Drive in (screw in) the supporting piles. Also, supports can be made independently from pipes, concrete pillars or other suitable materials. To ensure additional strength of the installation, before installing the pillars, the bottom of the pits can be poured with a 20-30 cm layer of concrete. The empty space between the walls of the pits and the pillars after their installation is also filled with mortar.

Fourth step. Tamp the bottom of the trench, cover it with a 10 cm layer of gravel and a 15-20 cm layer of sand. Tamp each layer of backfill carefully.

Fifth step. Assemble the formwork from durable boards.

Sixth step. Lay the reinforcing frame. Use rebar with a diameter of 10-14 mm. As a result, you should get a reinforcing mesh with a mesh size of no more than 150x150 mm.

Seventh step. Pour concrete and give it a month to set. The formwork is recommended to be dismantled after the concrete has completely cured.

Eighth step. Cover the frozen foundation with waterproofing material (bitumen, roofing material).

Ninth step. Fill all voids with earth.

Tenth step. Tie the posts along the upper edges with a channel. The height of the foundations of the balcony must match.

Balcony design

First step. Lay a wooden or reinforced concrete slab on the finished base.

Second step. Using a perforator, create an opening in the wall for mounting a balcony block.

Third step. Install balcony block. After installation, level the slopes with cement mortar and seal the existing gaps with foam.

Fourth step. . For this, it is best to use building blocks, for example, from foam concrete. They have a relatively small weight and will exert a noticeably lower load on the foundation compared to the same brick.

The thickness of the walls should be at least 25-30 cm. Bring the walls to the upper ceiling.

In the process of building walls, perform reinforcement every 3 rows.

In conclusion, it remains to equip the roof. Roof structure must be made with a certain slope in the direction from the house.

For the arrangement of the roof, it is enough to lay wooden logs or mount a metal frame, and then lay the finishing roofing material.

Works great with support columns wooden beam square section. Select the parameters of the beam individually. Most often, supports with a side of 100 mm are sufficient. Instead of a beam, you can use another suitable material at your discretion.

The columns must be installed strictly vertically, otherwise there will be no question of the reliability of the balcony structure. To ensure verticality, support the columns with temporary braces while the foundation dries.

Floor

Lay a planed board 4 cm thick on the floor. Pre-treat the material with an antiseptic and fire retardant.

Lay the boards across the support beams. Leave a 2-3 mm gap between the boards to divert precipitation.

Use self-tapping screws to fasten the boards. Fastener heads should be slightly sunk into the material.

railing

And the last structural element of the balcony is the railing. The choice of material of manufacture, design features and appearance of the railing is at the discretion of the owner. If you wish, you can do without them altogether by making fences of suitable sizes from concrete slabs.

Glazing

For you can use wooden frames or metal structures. At this point, everything also remains at the discretion of the owner.

Balcony insulation

Necessarily . Start from the floor.

Floor

Styrofoam boards are well suited for the floor. The material is characterized by high thermal insulation properties and normally tolerates various kinds of loads.

Align the base and glue the foam boards to it using a binder specially designed for this purpose. Provide additional fixation of the plates with plastic dowels.

On top of the insulation, lay the mounting grid on the glue, and then fill the entire structure with a self-leveling mixture.

Instead, you can make a wooden crate on the base, fill its voids with thermal insulation, and stuff plywood or boards on top.

As a final floor covering linoleum is well suited for a balcony. You can also use waterproof laminate and other materials with similar properties.

Walls

Attach a frame of wooden slats to the walls. Determine the mounting step of the rails according to the width of the insulation.

Shelter the frame waterproofing film. To attach the film, use construction stapler. Be sure to glue the joints of the waterproofing material with adhesive tape.

Fill the cells of the crate with the selected one. Lay a vapor barrier over the insulation. Fasten the material also using a construction stapler.

On top of the finished insulating cake, fill the second crate, perpendicular to the first, for mounting the finishing material.

Ceiling

The ceiling can be insulated with mineral wool.

Nail a crate of boards with a thickness of 10 mm to the ceiling. Fix the boards with the edge down.

Fill the gaps between the boards with insulation.

Cover the insulation with waterproofing material and nail additional cross rails to the boards. They will retain heat and moisture insulation, as well as provide the necessary ventilation gap between the insulating cake and the finishing finishing material.

Prices for popular types of heaters

insulation

Lining is well suited for a balcony. The material has excellent properties and without extra effort fastened to the crate with the help of clamps.

Exterior decoration of the structure is most often performed using siding. This material is characterized by high reliability and excellent performance, has an attractive appearance and is easy to install without the involvement of third-party installers.

In general, when choosing a finish, focus on your personal preferences and available budget.

Successful work!

Prices for popular finishing wall panels

Wall panels

Video - How to make a balcony with your own hands

Balcony is not only decorative element but also a place where you can relax, sit with friends or even work! But if for a city apartment this is really a multifunctional area, then in a private house a balcony is no longer so popular.

The relevance of the balcony in a private house

Even at the stage of designing a house, it is advisable to decide whether a balcony is needed, and if so, how much. Most often, balconies are loved by city dwellers who are not yet accustomed to their own garden. After all, the advantages of a balcony are undeniable:

• aesthetics - a house with terraces and loggias looks much more spectacular;
• convenience - lovers of smoking before going to bed will definitely appreciate going out under the open sky;
• functionality - a balcony can become a roof for a veranda or a porch under it;
• extra space for small area it is much more profitable to make a wide balcony, under which you can arrange a flower garden.

But there are many drawbacks to the balcony in a private house. So, for morning coffee it is much more convenient to go to the terrace, and not to go up to the second floor back to the room. Gatherings with friends are also transferred to the gazebo, making the balcony an exclusively decorative part of the facade. And the financial side of the issue does not speak in favor of balconies - such a house will cost much more.

What design of a balcony to choose?

Having decided on the construction of a balcony, it is worth considering its design and location well. It can be a cantilever (hanging in the air), attached, or a balcony located in the attic, leaning on the walls of the house (options 1,2 and 3 in the photo). Constructive decisions differ in the method of fixing balcony slabs:

1. A slab pinched in a wall is suitable for concrete and brick houses, but is contraindicated for aerated concrete buildings due to its weight.
2. A slab lying on beams pinched in the wall is suitable for any house, depending on the material chosen.
3. Plate resting on brackets - triangular supports can be attached to already finished building, and a variety of options will allow you to fit a balcony into any design.
4. A slab with a support at only one end is a variant of a slab cantilevered in the wall, but thanks to additional supports, a balcony can be made of any width and even for houses made of aerated concrete.
5. A balcony on four pillars is, in fact, a high extension on its own foundation and independent of the rest of the building, which can be erected after the construction of the house is completed.

The cantilevered plate is used only for balconies up to 1 meter wide. A balcony on beams can be a little wider - up to 1.2 m, and on brackets a width of 1.5 m is acceptable. But using supports, you can not limit yourself and build a whole terrace.

In this case, it is desirable to immediately install a visor that will protect from the sun and rain. It should protrude beyond the perimeter of the balcony area by at least 10 cm in front and 20 cm on the sides. If this is the windward side, then the visor must be at least doubled to protect against oblique rain.

On the balcony without a visor will come in handy Garden swing with awning roof. It is desirable to choose folding models with coasters for drinks. In winter, the swing is simply folded up and removed into the house, and in summer it is beautiful place for relaxation, where you can even sleep.

Installation of a balcony on cantilever beams with supports

If for installation balcony slab professional calculations are needed on the beams, then using additional supports, you can confidently build a balcony with your own hands. Stages of construction of a wooden balcony:

1. Choice of supports. It can be both wooden poles with a section of 14x14 cm, and concrete supports. The foundation for the supports can be shared with the house or separate. The first option is suitable for arranging a terrace under a balcony. In the latter case, the depth of the foundation should be below the freezing of the soil. The wood must be resistant to decay - larch and oak are excellent for supports.
2. Digging or drilling holes. They should be at least 10 cm larger than future pillars.
3. Wooden poles are treated with antiseptics, and the lower part is covered with bitumen so that the waterproofing of the ground part is at a height of 15 cm. A pillow of sand and gravel is placed under the wooden pole, and the lower part is concreted. After the mortar has hardened, the pillars are covered with soil and rammed.
4. Concrete or brick supports require a full-fledged columnar foundation. So that the heavy balcony does not “go” into the ground, the lower part of the foundation is made 10 cm wider than the upper one, for which the formwork is installed in the form of a truncated cone.



5. Longitudinal beams with a cross section of at least 5x25 cm are laid on the supports. The bars are placed on the edge and attached to wooden poles self-tapping screws, and to brick or concrete - dowels. Between themselves, the beams can be connected overlay with metal brackets or clamps.
6. After that, cantilever beams are inserted into the holes left in advance with a step of 0.7-2 m, which are based on the longitudinal ones. The tree is treated with antiseptics, and the ends entering the wall are wrapped with roofing material.



7. Walls wooden house sealed with membrane wind-proofing. Holes in brick wall filled with concrete, and the joints must be sealed with sealant.



8. Lathing bars with a section of 5x10 cm are laid on the cantilever beams, and on top - wood flooring. It is advisable to choose boards that are resistant to moisture or have them coated annually. waterproof paint or varnish.

The balcony railing is made at least 1.1 m high. If it is planned to be solid, a gap must be left between the railing and the balcony slab for water to drain. Even at the stage of erecting the supports, the installation of the balcony should be planned with a slope of 2% towards the drain - otherwise the water will linger on the floor.

The principle of building a concrete balcony is the same, only instead of wooden beams channels are used, and around the edge bottom side plates should be made a small groove - "teardrop". It protects the walls of the house from drops of water that can flow from the balcony and reach the junction of the balcony with the house. Without such a groove, any waterproofing will be ineffective, and with heavy slanting rain, the places where the channels enter the wall will get wet.

Features of the extension of the balcony on supports to the finished house

If the house is built and already inhabited, and the balcony is very necessary, you can simply attach it! You can bring it up as strip foundation, and on the columnar. The depth of the foundation is standard - below the freezing of the soil.

Expansion joint device or rigid connection?

A lighter foundation adjacent to the main building cannot be connected “tightly”, but only with the help of an expansion joint. Otherwise, with inevitable shrinkage, one of the foundations will inevitably be destroyed.

To do this, after installing the formwork, any elastic material is laid close to the old foundation - rigid mineral wool or polystyrene foam 1-2 cm thick and concrete is poured. After the new foundation has hardened, the joint is filled with an elastic sealant.

The formwork in this case is placed close to the building and filled with a cement-sand mixture.

If there is no confidence in the stability of the soil, it is rational to apply a compromise option that combines elastic and hard connection. To do this, steel ruffs are fixed in the foundation with a layer of glue, which will provide the necessary mobility without destroying the concrete. A construction sealant is applied to the entire surface, and the free ends of the ruffs are closed with plastic bushings.

How to connect a balcony to a wall?

How to make an "additional" balloon? There are two mounting methods:

• with fastening the beam, on which the logs of the balcony will rest, on the wall of the house;
• with the installation of the second row of supports close to the wall of the house.

In the first case, the principle of construction is practically the same as a balcony on cantilever beams. Unless these beams are based not on the walls of the house, but on the base board. Such a balcony will not be able to withstand heavy loads, so it is not recommended to install furniture on it.

If you use slopes - wooden brackets with an additional transverse beam attached to them, the reliability of the structure increases. The tree itself is quite plastic, so you don’t have to worry about different shrinkage and deformation of the walls.

In order not to rent heavy equipment to lift the finished concrete slab, you can make formwork and pour the slab yourself:

1. 100 mm metal corners are laid on the supports - for internal and external brickwork.
2. Masonry is done to the level of the future balcony slab. It is important not to forget - so that water does not flow into the room, the floor on the balcony should be slightly lower.





3. The formwork for the slab is also made of chipboard, supported by beams on the underside, and the top is covered with a film to protect it from moisture.



4. First, the outer belt is poured, and only after it is filled - the plate. To prevent the balcony from “moving away”, ruffs fixed with elastic glue are driven into the wall, the wall itself is covered with insulation, and the free ends of the ruffs in plastic bushings are poured along with the stove.



5. The joint after the concrete has hardened is filled with building sealant.
6. On the concrete screed it is imperative to lay waterproofing with a minimum of 15 cm on the wall of the house. You can put street tiles on the floor - it is resistant to temperature extremes and does not require special care.

Do not make a solid wall on open balcony- Rain and melt water will stagnate, it will have to be removed manually each time. Forged railings look much more impressive.

If you want to make a small hinged balcony, the video describes the basic principles of the reinforcement mesh and its attachment to the wall:

When buying an apartment, many people immediately dismiss the options on the lower floors, knowing full well that, according to the project, there may not be a balcony there. Who wants to lose the opportunity to increase the area of ​​their apartment in the future? So understand the desire of people to attach makeshift balconies to the first or second floor apartment building- quite understandable. Another question is, is it possible to build a balcony with your own hands from scratch?

If you need permission, then how to get it, what materials are needed for its manufacture, what project of the balcony on the first floor is the best, etc. Of course, there are many questions, but if we start to figure it out step by step, then everything will fall into place. The main thing is that you make sure that the construction of balconies on the first floor with your own hands is quite realistic. The decision has been made, I want a balcony - it remains to find out how to make a balcony with your own hands?

How to start making a balcony with your own hands

The completion of the balcony, as well as the loggia with your own hands, can only be done by obtaining a building permit, since any reorganization of the apartment requires the approval of the project and the receipt of relevant documents.

Balcony extension on the first floor

Such a provision, by the way, is also mandatory in the case of the removal of a balcony or any other reconstruction, since any unauthorized actions that entail a modification of the living space are prohibited by law.

The procedure for obtaining a permit for redevelopment is quite lengthy. So, if you need a balcony on the 1st floor, then be patient - you will have to bypass more than one instance.

You can also contact intermediary organizations, where they will help speed up the execution of the package of documents necessary to start construction. By the way, since experienced lawyers mostly work there, they will also be able to suggest how to legalize the unauthorized construction of a balcony with their own hands.

Do-it-yourself balcony: do-it-yourself photo of a hanging building

The design of the balcony should fit into the facade of the house, turn out to be strong and reliable, and this requires a competent calculation. Boast of special knowledge in this area, few people can. That is why it is better to entrust the design of a future extension to professionals with the appropriate qualifications. They know how to correctly calculate the future building: its resistance to stress, the consumption of materials. In addition, according to the finished sketches, it is very easy to imagine how it will look.

Hanging type balcony drawing

If the extension is supposed to be on the 2nd floor, the strategy is somewhat different. It is quite possible to make such a building with your own hands, especially if the second floor is not so high. In this case, you have to take into account the opinion of your neighbors and enlist their consent. Often, neighbors agree with each other and make the balcony extension a solid monolith - from the first to the third.

Building a balcony with your own hands in practice

To date, you can attach a balcony on the ground floor with your own hands in two ways, which fundamentally differ in the technique of fastening and the complexity of the device.

• A suspended balcony is a building on brackets or an extension on a metal frame with the removal of the entire balcony structure to a considerable distance from the facade of the house.
• An attached balcony is a building on a foundation. This design has its advantages, especially for neighbors from the upper floors: starting from the second floor, they can attach ceilings and arrange their own balcony with their own hands.

We will analyze the device of the balcony with our own hands in both options. Let's start with the technology of building a balcony on the foundation with your own hands.

Do-it-yourself brick building

Attached balcony do it yourself

Installation of a balcony on the foundation begins with its marking. How do you make a building with your own hands smooth and stable? The main guarantor of the reliability of future construction is the correct marking of the foundation.

Correct layout of the foundation

The scheme of work is as follows:

• Mark out a rectangle. Please note that unevenness on the surface may affect the accuracy of the layout, so it is better to level the site.
• Draw the diagonals of the rectangle. If their lengths are equal, then the markup is done correctly.
• Pegs are driven in at four corners and twine is fixed on them. They begin to dig a pit on it. The foundation is laid deep great value depth of soil freezing.

Reinforced concrete slab on the foundation for an extension

Reinforced concrete blocks are suitable for building a reliable and durable foundation.

Next important point do-it-yourself extension devices are a matter of waterproofing. High-quality insulation will protect the walls of the building from groundwater. It is recommended to lay waterproofing material about 10 cm above the blind area. The attached structure makes it possible to build a basement under it with your own hands. In this case, the waterproofing should be double.

The overlap of the building most often serves simultaneously as the floor of the structure. For the stability of the structure, it is important that during its installation, the reinforcement passes through the places of the greatest tension of the plates.

Brickwork of a building on a foundation

For the construction of extension walls, brick is most often used. The height of the side walls must match the maximum height of the extension. As for the front, it is erected to the place where the balcony is glazed. Balcony masonry usually has a thickness of 25 cm.

First floor balcony area more overlap slabs of the second, so we installed a suspended roof

Next, install a metal canopy for future roof. A waterproofing vapor-permeable membrane is laid on it, on top of which a wooden crate is arranged. It is on it that the roofing material will be laid.

frame suspended balcony obtained by connecting the base to the roof using uprights. When installing an extension with your own hands, it is extremely important to perform secure fastening, properly weld the building. A one-piece frame of a suspended structure is attached along the entire height to the house. To do this, use metal anchors of at least 20 cm. top the frame of the building is fixed with studs through the wall.

Hanging balcony frame

An example of a do-it-yourself hanging structure

Do-it-yourself balcony: wooden frame installation video