Hip hipped roof with a bay window. How to make an original roof over a bay window. Projects, sketches, options for truss systems, diagrams and photos of the roof of houses and cottages with a bay window. Markup of the future design

Modern projects of country houses and cottages include many different structural elements that are necessary to solve certain functional problems. Often, construction companies offer customers the option of a house with a bay window - this is a small space inside the building that goes beyond the plane of the facade of the building. From a technological point of view, a device of this design does not cause problems, but special attention is always paid to the roof. In most cases, a yand roof is installed above the bay window.

As a rule, a bay window is presented in suburban housing construction in the form of a covered balcony. At the same time, its walls are an integral part of the floors of the house. The shape of the bay window structure also depends on the design solution, but most often it is multifaceted, semicircular, trapezoidal. In addition, the following types of roof shapes can be distinguished, which are usually installed in country houses above the bay window:

• hip;
• multi-forceps;
• decorative;
• in the form of a hemisphere.

Preference is usually given to the hip version, since it is the easiest to perform from the point of view of professionals.

This design does not require serious financial and labor costs, and is also technologically advanced and reliably protects the interior from various negative impacts.

Preparatory process

To decide whether the hip roof will be above the bay window, or some other, is necessary even at the design stage of a country house. This is due to the fact that the roof is almost always multi-pitched, so you will definitely need to make all kinds of skates, grooves and other necessary structural elements to remove precipitation and debris. When creating a project, all possible types of roof are considered and the most optimal one is selected.

It should be noted right away that the installation of a yand roof is a rather complicated and time-consuming process, so the implementation of this task should be completely on the shoulders of qualified specialists. It is not recommended to engage in such work on your own. You will definitely need a high-quality truss system, which is almost impossible to do with your own hands without proper experience and skills.

At the initial stage of preparatory work on the installation of a roof over a bay window, it is necessary to make a reinforced belt. It is made from cement mortar and reinforcing bars or metal mesh. It is required to perform the following functions:

• The armopoyas acts as a support for the beams supporting the truss system. Without these beams, the truss system cannot be constructed;
• A reinforced belt is also required to reinforce the brickwork and unload the lintels of the window structures;
• In addition, it is needed to strengthen the walls of the bay window, which is carried out by linking them to the walls of the house.

When choosing a roofing material, it is worth starting from your financial capabilities and personal preferences.

Experts note that for bay windows of country houses, the best solution is to choose one of the modern types of tiles (bituminous, natural, metal, etc.). This type of roof will be in good harmony with the bay window design.

The device of the truss system

The rafter system must be done for many types of roofs. Of course, a roof with a bay window should also have one. The construction of a truss system for this type of roof can be carried out from wooden beams and boards. Their connection with each other, as well as with other structural elements, is carried out by means of screws, self-tapping screws and other suitable fasteners. The rafter system should consist of beams of sufficient size, and you need to choose with a margin, cutting off excess length or width directly during installation. By and large, the principles of performing work on the construction of a truss system in this case differ little from traditional work when constructing different types of roofs. The Mauerlat is laid along a reinforced belt, while the rafter legs are attached to the Mauerlat.

Installation of rafter legs is carried out at the initial stage. Rafter legs must be brought out of the plane of the walls. It was later possible to form cornice overhangs. This will not allow moisture that flows down the roof to have a negative effect on the material of the walls. To fix various wooden roof elements, traditional self-tapping screws or special fasteners are usually used, which are resistant to corrosion and covered with a layer of galvanized steel.

The rafter system can be installed on the roof itself, regardless of whether it is hip or not.

In addition, a variant is possible in which the individual elements of the system will be assembled on the surface of the earth. This will depend on the constructive solution and the project - whether the roof with a bay window will be an independent structure, or will become a continuation of the roof of the house. In those situations where the truss system for the yand roof is assembled by separate trusses, then after they are raised to the roof, they must be fixed not only with a Mauerlat, but also to the ridge. Fastening to the ridge is usually done with steel plates. In this case, it is recommended to fasten metal plates using a special rolling machine. If it is not possible to use it, then you can use a regular hammer.

Lathing installation

Before mounting the crate, it is imperative to lay the waterproofing material, since the rafter system must be qualitatively protected from the negative effects of moisture. To prevent tearing of the waterproofing film, do not stretch it too much, and it is best to fasten it in a loose state.

To make a crate for a roof with a bay window, a traditional edged board is usually used, which must be treated with an antiseptic composition before installation (it will protect the wood from insects). The installation of the crate is carried out across the truss system. We take into account that the use of certain roofing will require the installation of a continuous crate. In the event that such a need arises, it is recommended to use not an edged board, but OSB boards or plywood with increased moisture-resistant characteristics.

The main feature of the yand roof is the presence of valleys, and therefore it is necessary to use metal aprons.

After the installation of the crate, the prepared roofing material is installed on it.

Among the roofs for a private house, hip roofs have a good ability to self-clean and withstand strong wind loads. In addition to excellent technical characteristics, the appearance of such structures is impeccable. However, the hip roof truss system has a rather complex device and requires the correct calculation of all components. The presence of a competent project and painstaking installation will be the key to a beautiful and solid design.

Small holiday home with hipped roof structure

Hip roofs: photos of designs of interesting design

Hip roofs are a type of roofs consisting of four slopes and, due to their design features, are highly resistant to strong gusts of wind. This is due to the fact that instead of gables in houses with a hip roof, hips (inclined triangular slopes) are used, due to which the shape becomes more streamlined and the roof itself is strong.

Wooden house with hip roof

The absence of gables makes the height of the house with a hip roof visually smaller, but in general, house building with such a roof looks organic. Photos of one-story houses with a hip roof indicate that often the space directly under the roof is used to equip a cozy attic room. To illuminate the attic in the roof, there are full-fledged window structures.

A photo of houses with a hip roof illustrates the neat external outlines of the roof, in which dormer windows are often equipped. This makes the roof colorful and interesting in terms of design. Four-pitched roofs are usually used for large-area houses, the base of which forms a rectangle. If the perimeter of the house has a square shape, then another type of hip roof is used - a hip roof.

One-story house with a hipped roof

The main feature of a hipped roof is that all its slopes have the same shape of an isosceles triangle and an identical angle of inclination. All the faces of such a design converge at one upper point. Hipped roofs are also appropriate in houses that have the correct shape of a polygon. How many sides are in the polygon, so many symmetrical slopes will be at the roof. From an architectural point of view, such structures are no less attractive.

Another subspecies of the hip roof is the half hip roof. This is a combination in one design of a gable and hip model. To give the roof a streamlined shape, the pediment is covered with a small triangular slope (half-hip), the length of which is shortened along the slope. This option contributes to the fact that the ridge element of the roof becomes inaccessible to the action of wind currents. When using the space under the roof as an attic, it is possible to equip full-fledged windows in the gable part.

Related article:

Half-hip roof truss system: design and installation features. Calculations and stages of construction. The choice of insulation, insulation layer and roofing material. Algorithm for installation and finishing of a semi-hip roof.

Hip roofs with a bay window look exceptional. Bay roofs add romance and sophistication to the whole house-building. You can find roofs with bay windows attached to the main structure or separately erected above the ledge of the wall. The main disadvantage of such roofs is the complexity in design and rather expensive installation.

House with a semicircular bay window

Almost all modern roofing materials can be used to cover the hip structure: slate, corrugated board, metal tiles, ceramic and bituminous tiles and other materials. Roofing is selected taking into account the slope of the roof, the climate of the region, the characteristics of the material. In addition, the durability, aesthetics and cost of the coating itself play an important role.

Note! The use of sheet roofing material as a cover for a hipped structure will entail a fair amount of waste.

Getting acquainted with the design of the hip roof, you can find that it is quite difficult to coordinate all the slopes with the same slope. Accurate calculations, a competent project and theoretical recommendations of professionals are needed. But, despite the complexity of the construction of the frame, hip roofs are undoubtedly popular among private developers.

Modern house with a hip roof

The main advantages of a hip roof

In addition to the original design, hip roofs have a number of advantages that distinguish the design from other models:

• the absence of gables contributes to the invulnerability of the structure to strong wind loads. The smaller the slope of the roof slopes, the less impact the wind pressure has on the truss system;
• the streamlined shape of all four slopes contributes to the stability of the structure to any type of precipitation;
• with regard to energy saving efficiency, such a design is in many ways superior to gable roofs;
• it is much easier to insulate a hip roof, since the thermal insulation cake is located under the slopes. In models of roofs with gables - special insulation of the vertical facade is required, which is more susceptible to wind force;
• the system of sloping, central and outdoor rafters provides a reliable structure that is resistant to deformation under the influence of external loads;
• depending on the slope, there is the possibility of rational use of the space under the hip roof for the attic and the arrangement of windows in the roof.

Along with a special appearance, the hip roof has a high degree of reliability and durability.

The main disadvantages of hipped models are the complexity of the hip roof truss system and the impossibility of arranging an attic in models with a slight slope. However, with due study of the drawings of hip roofs and the construction measures thought out to the smallest detail, the construction of such structures becomes a realistic task.

Hip roof truss system: basic elements

The frame of the hip roof is a ridge beam and a system of various rafters. Taking into account the fact that slopes and hips have a different slope, there are several types of rafter legs. The main components of the design include:

• corner rafters (sloping) - the main load-bearing structural elements located at the corners of the frame. Slanted rafter legs have a smaller slope relative to other intermediate rafters;
• central rafters - they are attached to the ends of the ridge beam: there are three elements on each side. They are called central intermediate rafters;
• intermediate rafters - located between the central rafters, originate from the strapping and end on the ridge;

Installation of the hip roof truss system

• short rafters (outdoor) - the elements are attached at one end to the rafters, the other - to the strapping. Outdoor rafters differ in length, but have the same slope;
• ridge run - a horizontally located crossbar that serves as the upper support for the slanting and central rafters;
• mauerlat - a beam fixed on top of the outer walls. It serves to evenly distribute the concentrated load of the rafter legs. Mauerlat is a kind of foundation for the truss system and connects the roof frame to the walls of the house. Since the roof area is large, such a binding allows the roof not to “fly away” with strong gusts of wind;

Note! When choosing the parameters of the Mauerlat, it is necessary to take into account the ability of the support beam to ensure the stability and reliability of the entire truss structure.

• brace - an inclined beam used as a support for rafters of a large span, perceiving horizontal loads. Using struts, it is possible to cover a significantly larger span and save the cross section of the main load-bearing beams. In the design of hip roofs, the angle of inclination of the struts is 45 or 60 degrees;

Hip roof rafters

• babaka - a vertical support on which the rafter legs rest;
• puff - a wooden beam that acts as an additional support for the rafter legs and prevents them from moving apart. For tightening, a beam of a smaller section is usually used than for rafters;
• sprengel - horizontal elements laid diagonally in the corners of the walls. Sprengel acts as a support for a rack for rafters. Such an element is used when it is not technically possible to install a rack on the floor;
• crate - a layer of boards of small section, which are laid perpendicularly on top of the rafters. Acts as a base for roofing. Lathing boards are laid with a small step (approximately one board). At the locations of the valley or cornice, the crate is solid;
• counter-lattice - elements installed on top and parallel to the rafters to the batten. Serve to create a ventilation gap between the crate, waterproofing and roofing material;
• filly - a small piece of board, with which the rafter leg is lengthened to create a cornice overhang. It is designed to drain rain and melt water from the walls of the house, as well as protect the basement and slopes from oblique rain.

Hip roof truss system

In the photo of the hip roof truss system, you can see that the ridge run is located strictly in the center and parallel to the load-bearing walls of the house. In addition, the beginning and end of the run must be at the same distance from the end walls. Such an arrangement will ensure uniform distribution of the load, and, consequently, the stability of the structure.

Scheme of the hip roof truss system

Hip hip roofs are superior in construction complexity to conventional gable roofs. This is due to the difficulty of accurately docking all four slopes under the required slope. Such roofs have two large slopes in the form of a trapezoid and two end slopes in the form of a triangle. When forming the truss system, the main difficulties of the hip roof device arise.

The project of a house with a hip roof takes into account that the slope of the slopes should be in the range from 10 to 60 degrees. The choice of the angle of inclination is influenced by the amount of precipitation, the material of the roofing, and also whether the roof space under the attic will be used. In regions with high rainfall, the slope should be at least 45 degrees.

The scheme of the hip roof should provide for the cross-sectional shape, dimensions and exact location of all structural elements of the frame. In addition, the drawings of the hip roof truss system reflect the length of the ridge run, the height of the roof, the angle of inclination of the slopes, the width of the spans, the methods of strengthening the structure and the specifics of fastening the elements.

Schematic design of the hip roof

Considering that the slanting rafter legs are long and are supporting for the sprigs, they need to be strengthened. For this, a sprengel is used, the beam of which is cut into the Mauerlat, and the oblique leg is supported with a stand. To strengthen the truss system, the use of a wind beam is practiced. It is fixed on the inside of the central rafters diagonally, mainly from the windy side of the house.

In the case when the rafters have a length of more than 4.5 m, diagonal struts are used to reinforce them, the use of which allows you to choose a beam of a smaller section for the rafters. The struts rest against puffs (floor beams), which prevent the rafters from moving apart. If the puffs are attached closer to the ridge crossbar, they can serve as a base for the ceiling lining of the attic floor.

Helpful advice! The closer the puff beams are attached to the ridge run, the more powerful the rafter system fasteners should be.

In the diagram of the hip roof rafters, the expediency of using layered or hanging rafters, as well as the use of additional reinforcing elements, is substantiated. If during the calculations it turns out that the parameters of the timber do not correspond to the required load, it is possible to use glued or stacked rafters. These modified elements are much more massive and can be longer.

Rafter system of a house with a hip roof

If the house building does not have an intermediate load-bearing wall, then hanging rafter legs are used, which rest only on two supports (on two walls of the house). In this case, the rafters experience compression and bending loads. Due to the fact that the rafter legs create a bursting force on the walls, a wooden puff is used that connects the rafters. Usually it is installed at the bottom at the base of the rafter legs.

When the building has an intermediate load-bearing wall or medium support pillars, a layered rafter scheme is used. In this embodiment, the rafters rest at one end on the outer walls, and for the middle part of the legs, columns or an internal load-bearing wall are supported. With this design, the truss elements work in bending, like a beam.

Compared to a roof that uses hanging rafters, a rafter-leg design is lighter. The construction of such a roof consumes less materials, which reduces construction costs. It is possible to use a combined truss system in one design. This happens when one part of the house has an internal load-bearing wall, and the other does not. To construct a roof over such a structure, both options for rafters are used.

Scheme of wooden layered rafters with an emphasis on one run for a hip roof

The scheme of hip roof rafters with removal is used when it is necessary to increase the eaves. In this case, the rafter legs will rest against the floor beams. When constructing a hip roof with rafters resting on floor beams, such an element as a Mauerlat can be completely excluded from the design scheme. Instead, it is proposed to use wooden leveling pads.

Hip roof truss system with a bay window

Quite popular in private construction is the erection of walls of houses with bay windows (ledges). This is a very interesting architectural solution, however, the projects of such houses are distinguished by the complexity of design and construction of the structure. A bay window can be erected not only during construction, but attached to an existing building. The ledge can be single-story and multi-story.

It is worth noting that the most difficult thing in the construction of houses of such an architectural form is the design and installation of a hip roof with a bay window. The basic rule is that the roof of the bay window should harmoniously support the main roof of the building, forming a general style. It is very difficult to build a bay roof, so not everyone decides to build such a house. The slightest inaccuracy in the calculations can lead to the fact that the design will be unreliable.

The structure of the hip roof with a bay window of various shapes

The shape of the roof for it also depends on what shape the ledge has (rounded, multifaceted, rectangular). It can be a hip, multi-gable, gable structure or a hemispherical roof. Sometimes a spire-shaped roof is erected over the bay window.

Two variants of the roof over the bay window are practiced: an independent ledge roof or combined with the roof of the main building. For the bay window rafter system, a material with a smaller section is used than for the rafter legs of the main roof structure. This is due to the fact that these elements will take less load.

The technology of laying roofing over the bay window is identical to the method of covering the main roof. It is recommended to use shingles, as for a small area with several slopes, material is needed that would leave a minimum amount of waste. This requirement is met by bituminous or ceramic tiles. To calculate the metal roofing on a hip roof, you can use a special calculator.

Installation of metal tiles

Particular attention in the construction of roofs with a bay window should be given to the valleys. They are used in the construction of two types - the upper valley bar and the lower one. One closes unaesthetic sections, the other will drain precipitation. In addition, professionals do not advise saving on fasteners (self-tapping screws, nails, studs, plates). They must be purchased in the right quantity and of good quality.

Helpful advice! To increase the reliability of problem areas of the hip structure with a bay window, sealant and sealant should be used in these places.

You can learn about the features of the construction of the structure from the video installation of a hip roof with a bay window.

Metal tile for a hip roof with a bay window

Do-it-yourself hip roofs: drawings and photos, sketches and design calculations

Before you start building a hip roof with your own hands, you need to complete the drawings and make a correct calculation of the entire structure. It would be useful to seek help from a specialist who has experience in this area and can optimally select the angle of inclination and make a calculation. Given that the roof structure may contain broken lines and irregularities, it will be difficult to accurately calculate all the constituent elements.

Before you make a hip roof with your own hands, even the simplest design, you will need to develop a hip roof project with drawings and sketches. This will help determine the shape of the roof and make it possible to correctly calculate the required amount of materials for construction. To carry out the design, you can use the following recommendations:

• measure the height, length and width of the house. According to the data obtained, schematically depict the facade and end of the house on a convenient scale. Such sketches must be made in several copies;
• when determining the optimal height of the hip roof in relation to the house and the slope of the roof slopes, it is necessary to display several variants of the roof contour on one of the sketches. Next, you should choose the most successful one, and with the help of a protractor, determine the angle of inclination of the slopes of the future design;

Hip roof project, where A1 is the width of the base, A2 is the width of the foundation, B is the height of the rise, C is the length of the overhang, D is the length of the base

• the next step will be to apply the position of the layered rafters to the marking scheme - in these places we mark the points. We divide the length of the wall indicated in the diagram into equal segments - this will be the step between the beams. It can be from 40 cm to 2 m. But it must be borne in mind that quite often installed rafter legs will entail excessive consumption of material, and a large step between the rafters will cause the use of structural reinforcement elements;
• when determining the length of the ridge, it must be taken into account that the run must connect a pair of rafter legs. On one of the sketches, it is necessary to mark equal segments from each edge of the wall;
• the resulting schemes are transferred to the general scheme, after which it is possible to calculate the amount of material needed. The length of the rafter legs is determined on the outside, based on the length of the cornice overhangs (about 50 cm).

Helpful advice! In order for the roof structure to be strong and durable, it is necessary to purchase well-dried lumber.

An example of the layout of the hip roof rafters

By the number of rafter legs, you can calculate the number of fasteners. Nails will be used in all nodal fasteners. Each rafter leg has two mounting brackets. When harvesting material, a small margin should be kept in case of damage to the material. If the house is made of bricks or blocks, you need to purchase a bar for the Mauerlat device.

The choice of the angle of inclination of the slopes

When determining the angle of inclination of the hip roof, one should take into account the climatic conditions in which construction is carried out. If the climate is hot, dry and windy, the slope should be minimal to prevent overheating and avoid additional load. In areas with heavy snowfall, the slope is increased for unhindered snowmelt.

In addition, when choosing the angle of the hip roof, one should take into account the material of the roofing, each type of which has restrictions on the slope of the slopes:

• slate - the coating is used when the roof slope is from 13 to 60 degrees. If the angle of inclination is less than 13 degrees, then moisture will seep into the joints, and in winter snow will fall. This will lead to a significant reduction in the life of the roof;
• ceramic tiles - the optimal slope for this material: from 30 to 60 degrees. When laying tiles on a roof with a slope of less than 25 degrees, measures should be taken to improve ventilation and waterproofing;

The choice of the angle of inclination of the roof slopes

• metal tile - when laying this material, the maximum angle of inclination is not standardized, the minimum is 15 degrees;
• shingles - the coating is used for roofs with a slope of more than 12 degrees. The maximum tilt angle is unlimited. The material perfectly repeats the shape of any surface;
• bituminous slate - sheets of this material are used with a slope of 5 degrees. There is no maximum value, however, the step of the crate will depend on the angle of inclination, and with a slope of 5 to 10 degrees, it is necessary to equip a continuous flooring;
• steel folded roof - laid at slopes of 20 degrees. There is no maximum tilt angle limitation.

An increase in the angle of inclination contributes to an increase in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe roof, which will entail additional costs of building material. Therefore, if it is fundamentally important to save materials, then this should be taken into account when drawing up drawings.

Features of calculating the area of ​​the hip roof

To determine the required amount of roofing material to cover the hip roof, it is necessary to calculate the area of ​​the surface to be covered.

Calculation of the hip roof area of ​​a private house

The calculation will require the following data:

• the dormer windows and chimney pipes in the roof are taken into account, since their presence obliges to increase the consumption of roofing material;
• the length of the slope is determined from the bottom of the ridge to the edge of the cornice overhang;
• firewall walls, parapets, overhangs and other elements are calculated;
• the calculation does not take into account the adjoining of the canvases, standing folds, protruding elements of the bars.

Helpful advice! If rolled material or metal tiles are to be used for covering, when determining the surface area, it is necessary to reduce the length of the roof slopes by 70 cm.

To get accurate data on the roof area, you can seek help from specialists or use modern programs that will make the most accurate calculation. But if, nevertheless, you decide to do it yourself, you must conditionally divide the entire surface into separate elements, the area of ​​\u200b\u200bwhich is easy to calculate mathematically, and then sum the resulting values.

The more accurately the area is determined, the lower the likelihood of acquiring excess material and wasting finances. The amount of materials required for construction should be fixed at the design stage of a one-story house with a hip roof. The cost of these materials also includes roofing, so the cost of building a house as a whole depends on the correct calculation of the roof surface area.

Two-story house with a hip roof

To calculate the area, you must use the hip roof plan. You should also take into account the technical characteristics of the roofing (thickness, length) and methods of its installation. The thickness of the material affects the weight of the coating, and knowing the length and width of the material, you can position it with the least amount of waste and docking lines.

For clarity, you can analyze the use of ceramic or flexible tiles as a roofing material. Ceramic tiles - the material is heavy and exceeds the weight of flexible 5 times. Shingles do not require a rafter system and frequent battens, but solid plywood or other material must be laid underneath. Therefore, in order to determine the cost of the entire construction and choose the most advantageous material, it is necessary to calculate the hip roof.

The total cost of construction, no doubt, will be affected by the area of ​​​​the hip roof, but the complexity of the construction of the structure itself should also be taken into account, especially when it comes to arranging an attic room. The complexity of the calculation will be affected by elements such as dormer windows, ventilation holes, chimneys, etc.

For example, you can calculate the area of ​​​​a four-pitched hip roof. With a roof drawing, calculations are much more convenient and the required values ​​\u200b\u200bwill be more accurate. The diagrams show that the base for the roof is a rectangle, two slopes are an isosceles triangle, the other two are trapeziums.

Diagram of a four-pitched hip roof, where L1 is the length, L2 is the width

In this case, the tangent of the angle of inclination of the triangular face is equal to the ratio of h (roof height) to ½ of b (the length of the base of the triangle). So, the height of the roof is determined by the expression:

h = (b tan α)/2.

The length of the side rafter leg (e) can be determined using the angle of inclination:

e = b/2 cos α.

Using the Pythagorean theorem, you can determine the length of the rafter legs (d):

The total area of ​​the entire roof is calculated by summing the areas of all the constituent elements of the surface of the hip roof, namely four triangles and two rectangles:

S = 4(eb/2)+2(a-b)e = 2e(b+a-b) = 2ea.

The device of a hipped hipped roof

hip roof area calculator

Due to the fact that not everyone can independently calculate all the parameters of the roof, the websites of companies specializing in the construction of roofs and the sale of roofing materials offer to use an online calculator. With it, you can find out the exact amount of lumber, insulation and roofing materials, as well as calculate the length and section of the rafters for the type of construction of the selected type.

Using an online calculator with drawings and diagrams to calculate the hip roof, you can determine how optimal the slope of the slopes is relative to a particular roofing, whether the beam section is able to withstand the current wind and snow loads on the truss system in your area.

Before calculating the hip roof using the program, it is necessary to fill in the proposed fields of the calculator: the length and width of the base, the slope of the roof, the length of the side and end overhangs, the width, thickness and pitch of the batten board, indicate the type of wood and the pitch for the rafter legs. In addition, data on the region and type of terrain are entered to calculate the load.

Helpful advice! When working in the program, please note that there is a “?” icon opposite each field to be filled in. By clicking on it, you can find explanations for a specific input parameter.

hip roof design

After processing the entered data with the online calculator, you will receive information about the compliance of the slope you specified with the norms of the roofing used. If a discrepancy is found, the program will offer replacement options. In addition, you will receive data on the height of the rise, the length of the hip roof, the weight of the roofing, the amount of roll material, taking into account the length and width of the roll, as well as the required overlap when laying.

The calculator's output also includes the roof surface area (this will include the sum of the areas of all slopes, including overhangs of the required length), the amount of roofing and sub-roofing material that will be required to build the roof. The calculated value of the maximum load on the rafter system takes into account the roof structure, the weight of the roofing pie and the entered data on snow and wind loads.

In addition, the program will calculate the hip roof truss system: it will give information about the number and dimensions of the side and diagonal rafters, and also suggest the recommended minimum section size for the truss system, the choice of which will ensure the structure has adequate strength.
Using the calculator's data on the optimal number of rows and battens, you can avoid possible overruns of material, as well as time spent on unnecessary trimming of lumber. In addition, you will receive information about the number of boards in cubic meters and kilograms.

Using the program for calculating the hip roof, you will not only save time and money, but also receive practical recommendations based on the standards of SNiP "Loads and Impacts" and TKP 45-5.05-146-2009 (Wooden structures. Building design standards).

How to mount a hip roof step by step with your own hands: installation video

Assembling the hip roof truss system is not an easy task, but with strict adherence to the project and the practical advice of professionals, you can cope with the construction yourself. The key to high-quality installation is the most correct calculation and accurate scheme, following which you can make the correct cuts in the rafter legs and install all structural elements. For example, you can see the video of the installation steps by finding it on the Internet.

Do-it-yourself instructions for building a hip roof

Before you make a hip roof yourself, you should familiarize yourself with useful recommendations, following which you will not have to doubt the reliability of the structure:

• intermediate rafter legs have a steeper slope than slanted rafters. In this regard, a board with parameters of at least 5x15 cm is used for them;
• short rafters are fixed not to the ridge run, but to the slanting elements. The angles of inclination of the short and intermediate rafter legs are the same;
• lumber used for the ridge run and rafter legs must have an identical section. It is with the observance of this design rule that proper strength will be ensured. Otherwise, the probability of deformation is high;
• intermediate rafters are attached to the edge of the ridge beam and to the top of the harness;
• the height of the hip roof can be any, however, if the slope is very slight, additional supports should be used;
• to extend the life of the hip structure, it is necessary to use softwood lumber, pre-dried and free of defects in the form of knots and cracks. In addition, before starting work, all wooden elements are treated with antiseptic compounds.

Installation of the hip roof truss system

Markup of the future design

The construction of a hip roof begins with the marking of the object.

Step 1. From the side of the end of the housing construction, it is necessary to outline the axis along the upper wall trim.

Helpful advice! To avoid errors when marking an object, it is recommended to use a special measuring rail, on which all the necessary dimensions will be marked. It can be cut, for example, from a strip of plywood. The recommended rail width is 5 cm.

Step 3 Attach the rail with one end to the intended line, and place the other along the side wall. So you can mark the location of the intermediate rafter leg.

Step 4. To determine the length of the rafter overhang, it is necessary to place the beam with one end on the outer corner, and the other on the roof overhang.

Step 5 To determine the location of the central rafter leg, it is necessary to move the marking rail to the edge of the side wall and fix the location of the central element of the rafter system.

This procedure should be applied to all four corners of the structure. Thus, the installation sites of the intermediate rafters and the ends of the ridge run will be outlined.

Construction of hip roof rafters

Calculation of the rafter system

After marking, it is necessary to calculate the rafter system.

Step 1. With the help of a rail, it is necessary to determine the horizontal projection of the intermediate rafter leg. From the table of standards, find the appropriate roof slope for your case and multiply the values.

Step 2. Measure the length of the rafter leg, while the measurement should be done along the bottom line from the sampling site on the ridge run to the sampling at the base of the leg.

Step 3. To determine the length of the overhang, it is necessary to multiply the value of the horizontal projection of the rafter by the correction factor from the table of proportions.

Table of proportions and correction factors:

Roof slope	Coefficient for corner rafter	Coefficient for intermediate rafter
3:12	1,016	1,031
4:12	1,027	1,054
5:12	1,043	1,083
6:12	1,061	1,118
7:12	1,082	1,158
8:12	1,106	1,202
9:12	1,131	1,250
10:12	1,161	1,302
11:12	1,192	1,357
12:12	1,225	1,414

Helpful advice! When calculating, you can use the Pythagorean Theorem, in which c² \u003d a² + b², where a and b are respectively vertical and horizontal projections.

Step 4. Next, you need to calculate the corner rafters. To attach the rafter legs to the ridge beam, oblique cuts are made at the ends of these elements. In turn, the ridge run also has a double bevel, due to which the corner rafters are securely attached to it.

The calculation of the rafters is performed in the following sequence:

• from one of the corners of housing construction, the length of the rafter leg is determined;
• the projection is calculated, the value of which is equal to the sum of the squares of the projection of the central rafters;
• the resulting number is multiplied by the correction factor from the table. This will be the length of the rafter.

Wooden system of hip roof rafters

Installation of rafter legs

Step 1. First, a ridge beam is installed, which is fixed on the support posts. The elements are fixed to the central beam by installing struts.

Step 2. When installing the slanting rafter legs, check that the length of all elements is identical. Carefully join the hips, rafters and ridge beam.

Step 3. After the slanted legs are installed, you should proceed with the installation of ordinary rafter legs, which are placed in increments of about 60 cm. The ordinary rafters are fixed to the Mauerlat and the ridge by cutting. To make the fastening reliable, use screeds and crossbars.

Helpful advice! When installing ordinary rafters, avoid their contact with the studs that secure the Mauerlat to the ends of the walls.

Step 4. Next, short rafters (spiders) are attached to the slanting rafter legs. Through outdoor elements, the rafters will be connected to the Mauerlat. The position of ordinary and outdoor rafters should be perpendicular to the ridge beam.

Installation of hip roof rafters

Strengthening the construction of hip roof rafters

There are several options for strengthening the truss structure:

• at the corners of the structure, trusses with a vertical stand are diagonally attached, which will act as an additional support for the rafters. The sprengel is fixed to the Mauerlat;
• racks are placed along the puff board, which will be supports for intermediate rafter legs;
• if the rafter leg is long, use glued or stacked beams for its manufacture.

Ventilation device

An important step in the construction of a hip roof is the ventilation device. The roof is exposed to destructive influences not only from the outside, but also from the inside, where moisture condensation can occur. This is due to the temperature difference between the outer and inner surface of the roof. High-quality ventilation of the under-roof space will preserve the roof surface for many years.

Roof ventilation scheme

In order to ensure the proper level of ventilation of the space under the roof, it is necessary to arrange an air access hole in the wind protection film. It should be located at a small distance from the ridge run. When used for wind filing wood, it is laid with a gap of up to 3 mm. In the case of using plastic material, perforation is practiced.

For those cases when the wind protection of the roof is mounted without a gap, it is possible to cut ordinary ventilation grilles with a diameter of 50 cm into it. They should be placed along the entire length of the wind protection at a distance of about 80 cm from each other. After completing these works, you can proceed to the arrangement of insulation, waterproofing and laying roofing material.

The device of a hip structure is a technically complex and painstaking process. It is worth doing the work if you have enough time, experience and knowledge in this area. Any inaccuracy can lead to unreasonable consumption of materials and an increase in the cost of construction. If you doubt your abilities, it would be appropriate to seek help from real professionals.

The content of the article

During the construction of a residential building, many developers are concerned about increasing the usable area, therefore, they use various architectural projects where it is planned to build a warm attic or such an addition as a bay window.

What is a bay window? The word is not often found in private housing construction, however, modern owners of country houses are increasingly using projects where the bay window acts as a staircase allocated for the plane of the facade wall (if the house is multi-storey), and a winter garden that connects elements between several buildings and other things.

A bay window is a part of the interior space of a room that extends beyond the boundaries of the walls. To a greater extent, it resembles a closed balcony, but having walls, like the main building.

Bay windows can have a different geometric shape:

• semicircular
• multifaceted.

Roof over bay window , depending on its form, it can be:

• multi-forceps,
• in the shape of a hemisphere
• with turrets and other architectural decorations.

As a rule, many windows are arranged in the bay window, or it can be glazed to the floor. This allows additional insolation and improves the overall illumination of the interior. Among other things, bay windows are an additional decoration of the facades of buildings, giving them an unusual look.

The construction of the roof over the bay window requires special attention. Usually, the roof over this building element is multi-pitched, as a result of which many grooves (valleys) and skates are formed. Therefore, even at the stage of designing a house, it is necessary to provide for all the nuances of erecting a bay window roof.

Preparatory work

The device of a multi-gable roof, and even more so a semicircular one, requires highly skilled craftsmen. Therefore, making such a roof with your own hands is very problematic. It is easier to invite professionals - builders who will do all the work on the construction of the truss system and the laying of roofing materials with guaranteed quality.

The first step is to make a reinforced belt over a reinforced concrete bay window, which performs several functions:

• is the basis for the installation of the truss system,
• connects the walls of the bay window with the main walls of the building, thereby strengthening them.

In addition, the armored belt takes on the load that would fall on the window lintels of the bay window.

If the yand roof of the bay window is built independently, separately from the main one, then its truss system can be calculated with smaller sizes of all elements. Since the load on this section is insignificant, compared with the loads acting on the entire roof, the cross section of the beams and rafter legs can be taken smaller.

Roof device

Each construction begins with the procurement of the necessary materials and tools. And the device of the roof over the bay window is no exception. To make a truss system you will need materials:

• softwood lumber for the manufacture of beams, battens and rafter legs;
• material for waterproofing device;
• fasteners - self-tapping screws, nails, studs, metal corners and plates, bolts, etc .;
• knitting wire.

The procedure for carrying out work on the installation of a truss system for a bay window roof is exactly the same as for ordinary roofs. A Mauerlat is laid along the armored belt, to which the rafter legs are attached.

But do not forget to lay galvanized metal studs in the reinforced concrete belt, on which the Mauerlat will be attached.

Wood must first be treated with antiseptics and flame retardants to prevent decay and fire.

The device of the truss system

The construction of the roof over the bay window begins with the installation of rafter legs, which are made of timber or edged boards. Rafter legs are brought out of the walls to get, in the future, cornice overhangs. Otherwise, rainwater flowing from the roof will fall on the walls and destroy them. The wooden elements of the roof are fastened with self-tapping screws or with the help of metal fasteners.

Metal fasteners must be made of galvanized steel or coated with an anti-corrosion compound.

If from the very beginning of construction the project of the house was not drawn up, then later the question arises of how to properly put the roof over the bay window. For clarity, it is best to use special programs, where in three-dimensional measurement you can choose the optimal slope of the roof itself and the angle of the bay roof slopes.

Depending on the shape of the roof and whether it is an independent structure or serves as a continuation of the main roof, the truss system:

• mounted directly on the roof
• is assembled by separate roof trusses on the ground.

If the second option is selected, then the trusses, after raising them to the roof, are fixed with a power plate and connected to each other by a ridge run. For greater rigidity of the entire structure, struts, racks and other elements are used that give stability and strength to the truss system.

A waterproofing material is laid along the installed rafters, and a crate is mounted on top of it. As a waterproofing, an ordinary roofing material is often used, which is attached to the crate with nails with a wide hat. When using modern waterproofing membranes, it is convenient to fasten them with a construction stapler.

The waterproofing film does not fit tightly. She should have a small sag to give her a margin in case of temperature changes, when the material either expands or contracts.

The device of valleys for the roof of the bay window

The proportions of the roof will be maintained if the valleys on the bay window are arranged symmetrically.

In the place where the valleys are formed, the crate is arranged with a continuous flooring 20-30 cm in both directions from the inner corner. The step of the lathing and its cross section depends on the chosen roofing and can be completely different. For example, for natural tiles, the cross section should be larger than for corrugated board, since the weight of natural tiles exceeds the weight of corrugated board several times. The use of natural tiles involves the installation of lathing with a step corresponding to the size of one sheet.

Centuries have passed, and in peacetime, the loopholes have changed - they have become floor-to-ceiling windows, and now they play a decorative role, and also allow more sunlight to enter the house, which is important in our not very friendly climate. The fashion for buildings with ledges appeared in the last century, and such an interesting architectural solution is still very popular in private construction.

In fairness, it should be noted that the construction of such a structure is not a cheap pleasure. It's all about the complexity of the design and construction of the structure. What is a bay window? This is the part of the room that protrudes beyond the front wall, the closest in structure to a closed balcony with solid walls, like the main building. You can acquire such a decoration and addition for your home not only during construction, but also attach a bay window to an already finished building - and it can be either one-story or multi-story. The house, supplemented by a glazed ledge, looks original from the outside. The interior design does not disappoint either: an interesting layout of the room, besides, the room will be brighter thanks to the panoramic windows. Due to the bay window, the usable area increases, which is used as an office, recreation area, greenhouse or dining room. The most difficult thing in the construction of such an architectural form is the design and installation of the roof, which most often has a complex configuration.

Roof device The most important rule: the roof of the bay window should be in harmony with the roof of the house, complementing the overall style. Its construction is a difficult task, and sometimes developers with considerable experience refuse to build a house that has a bay area in terms of plan. Any mistake in the calculations can lead to the fact that the entire structure becomes unreliable. The shape of the bay window can be: rounded; rectangular; multifaceted. The roof is built in accordance with the shape of the bay window. It can be multi-forced, complex hip, have two or more slopes, and also perform an upper structure in the form of a hemisphere. Often you can find decorations in the form of a turret, spire and other elements. Roof erection Rafters are selected with a smaller section than for the main roof, as they will take on less load. There are two design options: an independent bay window roof; integrated with the main roof of the house. Reinforced belt The first stage in the construction of the roof is the installation of a monolithic ring structure made of concrete with a metal mesh-frame, which should encircle the walls - repeat their contour. The reinforced belt serves as the basis for the truss system - it creates support for the beams, and also relieves window lintels, distributes the point load and strengthens the entire structure.

Rafter system A Mauerlat is attached along the perimeter of the armored belt. Roof trusses made of timber or boards mounted on the ground are lifted up and fixed to the ridge. The lower parts of the rafter legs should protrude beyond the wall to organize an eaves overhang. For reinforcement, quite traditional rafter beams, braces, racks and other elements are used.

The proportions of the "skeleton" of the roof are extremely important to ensure the attractiveness of the appearance. Modern technology of three-dimensional modeling greatly simplifies the task of design specialists, allowing you to visually verify that the angle of inclination of the slope is chosen correctly.

Instructional video for installing bay window rafters:

The crate The rafters are covered with a waterproofing film, which is fixed without pulling too hard, after which the crate is arranged.

It can be continuous and sparse - depending on the type of roofing: the first option is suitable for soft coatings, the second - for metal tiles or any other hard material. The lumber from which the crate is made, as for the truss system, is preferable to conifers. Roof covering The technology of covering the roof of a bay window is no different from the method of laying roofing material on a conventional upper structure of a house. What matters is whether the roof of the bay window is a separate, independent element or an integral part, a continuation of the roof of the main building. The most suitable coating in appearance is considered to be tiles - both natural and soft bituminous. In addition, for a small area with several slopes and grooves, you need to choose a coating with a small amount of waste, and the tiles meet these requirements.

It is extremely important to pay special attention to the waterproofing of the valleys. Valley planks are used in two types: the top one, which performs decorative functions - it closes unaesthetic sections; the lower one, which will be tested for strength all the time: in warm weather, water will flow down it from the slopes, and in cold weather, snow will accumulate. The additional use of sealant or sealant will increase the reliability of problem areas. Insulation and vapor barrier are installed last - work is carried out indoors.

For the installation of a roof of complex shape, many different fasteners are used - metal plates, studs, self-tapping screws, nails, screws. Experts advise not to save on trifles: by choosing overheated cheap nails or self-tapping screws, we risk the reliability of the entire structure. You can build a bay roof with your own hands: you need to carefully prepare the project and think through the construction activities to the smallest detail. Erected independently or with the involvement of professional contractors, as a result, the roof over the bay window will delight with its original appearance for many years and provide reliable protection for the bright and spacious interior.

Having decided to build a house, the first thing a future homeowner chooses is the style of the house. A lot depends on this: the quantity and type of building materials, the complexity and cost of the project, and finally, the appearance of the house and the general feeling of comfort. After all, a family will have to live in the house, receive guests there, fall asleep and wake up ... And if there is no comfort, if you don’t like the general style, then how can the house become a truly native, beloved, family hearth and a mink where you come in the most difficult moments of life ?

Let's say you have already decided and chosen the style in which you will build your future house. Whether it will be a permanent place of residence or just a place where your family plans to come for the weekend - this does not affect the responsible attitude to construction.

In recent years, projects of houses with a bay window have become increasingly popular. Tired of cramped Khrushchev houses with tiny windows, the townspeople are drawn to the sun and space. And what could be better for this than projects of houses with a bay window? Photos of projects shown by developers prove this to the fullest.

Huge, full-wall, semicircular niches of bay windows make the house solemn and correct in the old fashioned way. No less popular is the design of the house with a circular bay window - when the niche does not protrude in a semicircle in the wall, but is framed like an attached tower, often with a conical tent on top. Circular bay windows are quite appropriate in rococo, castle or medieval style houses. Although no one bothers to build a circular bay window in a wooden house - there will be something like an old tower.

So, what is a bay window? This is the protruding part of the house, usually a semicircle or a prism. Rarely - similar to a tower. As a rule, the bay window is built to the full height of the floor. It not only externally, but also actually increases the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe house.

The main task of the bay window is that it lets light into the room as much as possible. But this is not the only plus. In the bay window, you can arrange a flower corner or just put a table and an armchair, where it is comfortable to drink tea in the morning, admiring the sun and the view from the window. Especially in this regard, houses with two bay windows are convenient, the projects of which are also available in the portfolio of developers. There is a place for fantasy to roam at all: in one bay window there is a greenhouse, in the other there is a corner of relaxation. Or give both bay windows for flowers - lovers of garden delights will like the idea. However, projects of houses with 2 bay windows will appeal to anyone who prefers comfort combined with beauty.

Bay windows look great in almost any project. And in a one-story house, this semicircular ledge is appropriate, and projects of two-story houses with a bay window with a competent architect will cause pride in their own home. Especially successfully it is possible to realize projects of houses with an attic and a bay window. The second floor in such a project will be a work of art.

You can make an attic and a bay window on the same level - the second floor. Then the attic will be flooded with sun and will become the most comfortable corner in the house. And you can breed both additions, and arrange a bay window on the first floor. It is difficult to choose projects of two-story houses with a bay window or a project of a one-story house with a bay window, because there are many advantages and pluses in each option. But if you decide on a country house with a bay window, choosing a project is a pleasure. Thinking this way and that, mentally or on paper, sketch out options for the bay window and its shape, think about the color scheme and design of the niche - rampant fantasy!

Ready-made projects of houses with a bay window will cost a little cheaper than the author's ones, because a bay window is an expensive pleasure in itself, since it will entail additional costs of both money and building materials. But the costs are justified, because you will get a unique home that no one else will have. In addition, additional space will allow you to receive a house project with a bay window and a balcony or a house project with a bay window and a terrace. In both cases, the area of ​​​​the house benefits from additional premises, and much more light is added to the building itself - after all, as a rule, bay windows are glazed from floor to ceiling.

If you prefer small spaces and have chosen, for example, a 9 by 9 house project with a bay window, then this building will add square meters and comfort to your home. However, if the project of a house is 10 by 10 with a bay window, then the extra meters will not interfere with it. Especially sun-drenched and decorated with flowers.

Perhaps this round or cylindrical extension is a very useful addition to the house. This is what makes cottage projects with a bay window so popular. The idea to add a bay window to the house is not the most ordinary, so most often those who want to add a bay window have to order an author's project or develop it on their own. However, it is quite realistic to find projects of houses with bay windows for free - there are quite a few of them on the Internet. Bright, elegant, unique houses in the photographs attract the eye and make you want to arrange the same miracle in your home. Comfortable and cozy, such houses delight not only those living in them, but also guests, who later, perhaps, will also choose for themselves projects of houses and cottages with a bay window.

And after all, of course, these will be beautiful houses with a bay window, the projects of which any architect-designer will gladly undertake to embody.

Often, projects of country houses with a bay window are chosen for consideration by those who dreamed of a castle in their childhood, but do not want to build a house in a castle style. A bay window is a great opportunity to partially realize a dream without cluttering up the facade and interior with excessive medieval gloom.

How to choose the right projects for cottages with a bay window? A photo is probably the best option. It will help to evaluate visually and technically all the pros and cons of the chosen option. It is not the easiest thing to choose projects of houses and cottages with a bay window, especially considering that the whole family will live in it, which means that everyone should like it.

If in general there are no objections to the bay window, then you can think about what shape it will be - angular, cylindrical or round. Or maybe even in the form of a turret? In the corner bay window, you can equip a recreation area by fencing off the room with a different floor covering, a screen or a light curtain. Projects of houses with a round bay window are more suitable for those who love home greenhouses or elegant niches for tea drinking. And in the bay window tower, children, especially girls, will be able to arrange their kingdom - for them there will be something like a fairy-tale princess tower.

As for the glazing of the bay window, it can be different. If in your house the bay window is part of the house, then glazing is completely unreasonable - heat is lost. But in a summer house, on the contrary, you can not spare the glass and the sun. Without glazing, the bay window in the summer house looks more like a veranda.

Some may not like the idea of ​​a glass niche - well, tastes are different. Quite a lot of people will not even think about how to complement the interior with a bay window and the sun pouring through it. And someone will gladly let the sun into the house by arranging a window in the entire wall. By the way, an interesting solution would be to arrange a bay window in the attic. Imagine a house project with a bay window and an attic, a photo, a drawing. Represented? Then it will be easy for you to understand what those who like such projects find in a similar style. The roofs of houses with a bay window look amazing and spectacular, and they add considerable benefits to the house. You can, for example, replace the roof glass with a bay window - the effect is the same: the room is flooded with sun. And the bay window costs much less than a double-glazed window in the entire wall or roof.

In addition to the sun, which will generously enter the room through the bay window, such an architectural solution has many other advantages. Like the attic, the bay window increases the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe house; the appearance of the building with a bay window is much

More efficient, more elegant than usual. It will be more beautiful than neighboring houses and will surely attract the attention of passers-by and neighbors. Finally, it's just convenient: if the glazing is not the entire wall, then under the windowsill you can arrange hidden niches to store in them what is not required at the moment. If you have chosen a house project with a bay window and a garage, then it is more logical to arrange a garage just under the bay window. And then a greenhouse or a recreation area will perfectly fit in it: for example, a sofa made in the shape of a niche, a table or a home theater - an excellent ensemble for relaxation will turn out. Having placed a table and chairs "face" to the glass, you can drink tea while admiring the surroundings.

If space permits, there is a second option: a project of a 2-story house with a bay window or projects of two-story houses with a bay window and a garage. In both cases, the use of additional space is very wide: a relaxation zone can be arranged on the ground floor, giving a bay window for another sofa or a winter garden. In a two-story house, the garage will easily fit below, without interfering with arranging absolutely any zones in the bay window, whether it is relaxation or a corner of wildlife.

An important nuance in the construction of a house is the material from which it will be built. A bay window can be added to any house, no matter what it was built from. Someone will prefer projects of houses with brick bay windows, paying tribute to the quality and traditional character of the material. Projects of brick houses with a bay window are very popular precisely because of their traditional character and excellent quality of the material.

But there are a lot of materials, and it is possible that someone will want to choose house designs with aerated concrete bay windows in order to be able to build a house on their own. And someone will like the projects of houses from foam blocks with a bay window.

Having decided to build a house with a bay window, you choose the project. The main thing is that the whole family liked to live in such a house.

Almost every house of an old building is decorated with an original ledge. This ledge is called a bay window. We see him in the photo. The main advantage of bay windows is the ability to let in a large amount of sunlight. In addition, in this recess you can place a beautiful winter garden, create an office or arrange a recreation area. Today, projects of houses with a bay window are also very popular. As a rule, the bay window is located in the living room or bedroom, which allows you to expand the space of the rooms and use the space more rationally.

Features of use

It is impossible to say that a bay window project has only positive or only negative qualities. These designs have both sides.

Positive properties

· Expansion of usable area in the house.

Plenty of sunlight thanks to multiple windows.

· Opportunity to survey the excellent view of the city streets.

· Unique design that enhances the beauty of your home.

A house made of timber with a bay window looks unusually beautiful. In such a building, a special climate is preserved, which creates a homely, cozy atmosphere.

Negative qualities

· Increases the complexity of the structure, compared with a simpler project.

· The number of corners in the house increases, which leads to a weakening of the rigidity of the structure.

· A house with a bay window requires additional insulation.

If you want to have a home with a bay window design, you need to be prepared for the fact that it will take a little more effort to achieve comfort than in a typical house.

Need

Perhaps, against the background of all the pros and cons of such a building, the most basic positive property of a one-story house with a bay window is that in the cold northern parts of the globe, this design allows you to let the maximum amount of sunlight into the room, where you can place a bright and warm area for receiving guests. This option can serve as a replacement for the veranda. This is convenient, because in especially cold countries, building a house with a veranda is an undesirable solution.

Variety of projects

"Double Design"

The project of a two-story house with a bay window in the photo is suitable for those who cannot imagine their life without a comfortable stay. The design of the building assumes the presence of a wide balcony along the front part on the second floor. Two exits from the bedrooms lead to the balcony, one of which is equipped with a bay window. Moreover, the protruding structure does not end on the second floor, but smoothly passes to the first floor. Thanks to the presence of volume additions, the house looks soundly and elegantly.

"6*6"

The design of this building stands out against the background of other inexpensive buildings. The project involves an entrance hall, a kitchen, a living room with a bay window and a spacious bedroom on the second floor. As a result, a two-story building made of timber has a total area of ​​36 sq.m, but thanks to the three-dimensional structure, the house looks original and cozy.

Building with a bay window and an attic

A small and financially profitable design is the design of the house, which involves the presence of an attic room and a bay window. And although the construction of such a building requires certain financial investments, this combination is very common.

Two-story houses with a bay window look beautiful and original, which have a luxurious attic on the top floor. Thanks to this design, the owners of the house have the opportunity to create a spacious, bright office in the attic, and an original winter garden on the ground floor.

When creating the design of houses with a bay window, it must be remembered that this design must be designed as accurately as possible. The slightest mistake can lead to the distortion of walls and ceilings, which will lead to a decrease in the strength of the structure. You also need to know that it is not necessary to build a bay window at the same time as the house. The structure shown in the photo can be attached to the main building at any time.

Types of bay windows

In their appearance, bay windows can be:

· Angular.

· Wall mounted.

· Inscribed in a corner.

Most of the bay windows have the usual geometric shape. However, this does not mean that the structure cannot have an arbitrary shape. Of course, the creation of non-standard projects requires very considerable financial costs from the owners of the house.

If you need to create a separate room that is bright and spacious, it is recommended to give preference to corner views. The corner bay space is perceived as a separate area, not connected to the rest of the housing area. This is an excellent relaxation room.

All buildings with a bay window photo, which we see below, have an original appearance. This is a comfortable, beautiful and elegant extension that transforms any one-story or two-story cottage.

Summing up, it should be noted that the bay window design literally enlivens a boring structure, allows you to reveal the beauty and originality of the structure. In such extensions, fabulous winter gardens, cozy recreation areas are always created, in which home cinemas are equipped, cozy living rooms and comfortable children's corners. The bay window is a special highlight of the house, allowing you to add aristocracy and sophistication to any building.

Armo-belt device above the bay window

If a roof is being built over a bay window, then the first stage of work is the installation of an armored belt.

This building performs two functions at the same time:

Creates a support for the beams holding the rafters;

· Reinforces masonry and relieves window lintels.

An armored belt is made of concrete with reinforcement with a metal mesh. If at the same time the level of the walls of the bay window turns out to be slightly higher than the level of the walls of the house, it's okay. The fact is that in the bay window you can use rafters of a smaller thickness than for the main roof, such as a four-pitched standard hip roof.

Preparation of materials

In order for a bay window roof to be built, the following materials must be purchased:

lumber for rafters, rafter beams and battens;

· Waterproofing material;

· Nails, self-tapping screws, hairpins, screws;

· Knitting wire;

· Galvanized plates.

Installation of purlins

The next stage of work, when a bay window roof is created, is the installation of rafter beams. For them, you can use a bar of the required length or spliced ​​edged boards. Self-tapping screws and screws are used to connect the boards.

Advice! It is advisable to make rafter beams of such length that there is a small margin. Then, after installation and fixing, the excess can be cut along the cord.

Building a rafter system

To choose the length of the rafters, it is necessary to accurately represent the angle of inclination of the roof being created. It is important to maintain the proportions of the roof so that the house does not look like a birdhouse.

In order to visualize the appearance of a future roof, such as a hip roof, three-dimensional modeling is used in the design.

The rafters should be prepared on the ground, after which they are lifted up and sewn together in the roof ridge using self-tapping screws and galvanized lining plates. Further, the two sides of the future "triangle" of the roof are attached to the rafters and braces.

Lathing installation

Waterproofing is installed on the finished rafter system. The film must not be installed in an interference fit so that it cannot burst during temperature changes. Therefore, it is attached with some sag.

Advice! When using modern waterproofing membranes, it is convenient to use a construction stapler for fastening.

Then a crate is mounted across the rafters. The step between the individual elements of the crate depends on the type of roofing material chosen. For example, when using a metal tile, the distance between the boards of the crate should correspond to the width of the tile element.

Laying roofing material

The laying of roofing material during the construction of a bay window roof is carried out in the same way as when covering a conventional roof. But in this work there is a difficulty - the installation of valleys.

As a rule, two types of gutters are required:

PEN (bottom bar of the valley) is a device that serves to drain rainwater, which will inevitably accumulate at the junction of the slopes

· PEV (respectively, the upper level of the valley) - a decorative element for masking cuts on the roofing.

The valley planks are installed on a special board, which is called the valley. The joints of the gutters and roofing material should be treated with sealant. You can also use a universal seal.

Finishing part of the work

By laying roofing material and installing a valley, the solution to the question of how to properly put a roof over a bay window does not end. The final part of the work is carried out indoors.

It is necessary to lay insulation and install a vapor barrier. After that, you can proceed to the interior decoration - hemming the ceiling.

Of course, such architectural elements as bay windows greatly decorate the appearance of the house and allow you to plan original interiors.

In addition, the presence of a bay window in the house will make the rooms brighter and more comfortable. But, the presence of this decorative element greatly complicates the installation of the roof, since it turns out to be multi-pitched.

The intersection of the slopes form an internal corner, and this place on the roof is the most vulnerable, since rainwater accumulates there.

This inner corner at the junction of two inclined slopes in construction is called a valley. Consider how you can build a roof with such elements.

Construction preparation

The first step in deciding how to put a roof of any shape is to draw up a project and select a team that will carry out the work.

It should be noted that a device of such a design as a multi-gable roof is a job that requires a high level of professionalism. Therefore, you should not try to perform it yourself, and the choice of a team of repairmen should be taken with great attention.

Armo-belt device above the bay window

If a roof is being built over a bay window, then the first stage of work is the installation of an armored belt. This building performs two functions at the same time:

• Creates a support for the beams holding the rafters;
• Reinforces brickwork and relieves window lintels.

An armored belt is made of concrete with reinforcement with a metal mesh. If at the same time the level of the walls of the bay window turns out to be slightly higher than the level of the walls of the house, it's okay. The fact is that in the bay window you can use rafters of a smaller thickness than for the main roof, such as a four-pitched standard hip roof.

Preparation of materials

In order for a bay window roof to be built, the following materials must be purchased:

• Lumber for rafters, rafters and battens;
• waterproofing material;
• Nails, screws, studs, screws;
• Wire knitting;
• Galvanized plates.

Installation of purlins

The next stage of work, when a bay window roof is created, is the installation of rafter beams. For them, you can use a bar of the required length or spliced ​​edged boards. Self-tapping screws and screws are used to connect the boards.

Advice! It is advisable to make rafter beams of such length that there is a small margin. Then, after installation and fixing, the excess can be cut along the cord.

Building a rafter system

Roof truss system

To choose the length of the rafters, it is necessary to accurately represent the angle of inclination of the roof being created. It is important to maintain the proportions of the roof so that the house does not look like a birdhouse.

In order to visualize the appearance of a future roof, such as a hip roof, three-dimensional modeling is used in the design.

The rafters should be prepared on the ground, after which they are lifted up and sewn together in the roof ridge using self-tapping screws and galvanized lining plates. Further, the two sides of the future "triangle" of the roof are attached to the rafters and braces.

Lathing installation

Roof boarding before laying roofing material

Waterproofing is installed on the finished rafter system. The film must not be installed in an interference fit so that it cannot burst during temperature changes. Therefore, it is attached with some sag.

Advice! When using modern waterproofing membranes, it is convenient to use a construction stapler for fastening.

Then a crate is mounted across the rafters. The step between the individual elements of the crate depends on the type of roofing material chosen. For example, when using a metal tile, the distance between the boards of the crate should correspond to the width of the tile element.

Laying roofing material

The laying of roofing material during the construction of a bay window roof is carried out in the same way as when covering a conventional roof. But in this work there is a difficulty - the installation of valleys.

As a rule, two types of gutters are required:

• PEN (bottom bar of the valley) is a device that serves to drain rainwater, which will inevitably accumulate at the junction of the slopes
• PEV (respectively, the upper plank of the valley) is a decorative element for masking cuts on the roofing.

The valley planks are installed on a special board, which is called the valley. The joints of the gutters and roofing material should be treated with sealant. You can also use a universal seal.

Finishing part of the work

By laying roofing material and installing a valley, the solution to the question of how to properly put a roof over a bay window does not end. The final part of the work is carried out indoors.

It is necessary to lay insulation and install a vapor barrier. After that, you can proceed to the interior decoration - hemming the ceiling.

Yand roof: how to put a bay window, proportions

190) How is a yand roof made? And how to put a bay window correctly, what proportions are better to choose? Read about it with us!

How to make a roof with a bay window: types of forms, preparation, installation

Modern projects of country houses and cottages include many different structural elements that are necessary to solve certain functional problems. Often, construction companies offer customers the option of a house with a bay window - this is a small space inside the building that goes beyond the plane of the facade of the building. From a technological point of view, a device of this design does not cause problems, but special attention is always paid to the roof. In most cases, a yand roof is installed above the bay window.

As a rule, a bay window is presented in suburban housing construction in the form of a covered balcony. At the same time, its walls are an integral part of the floors of the house. The shape of the bay window structure also depends on the design solution, but most often it is multifaceted, semicircular, trapezoidal. In addition, the following types of roof shapes can be distinguished, which are usually installed in country houses above the bay window:

Preference is usually given to the hip version, since it is the easiest to perform from the point of view of professionals.

This design does not require serious financial and labor costs, and is also technologically advanced and reliably protects the interior from various negative impacts.

Preparatory process

To decide whether the hip roof will be above the bay window, or some other, is necessary even at the design stage of a country house. This is due to the fact that the roof is almost always multi-pitched, so you will definitely need to make all kinds of skates, grooves and other necessary structural elements to remove precipitation and debris. When creating a project, all possible types of roof are considered and the most optimal one is selected.

It should be noted right away that the installation of a yand roof is a rather complicated and time-consuming process, so the implementation of this task should be completely on the shoulders of qualified specialists. It is not recommended to engage in such work on your own. You will definitely need a high-quality truss system, which is almost impossible to do with your own hands without proper experience and skills.

At the initial stage of preparatory work on the installation of a roof over a bay window, it is necessary to make a reinforced belt. It is made from cement mortar and reinforcing bars or metal mesh. It is required to perform the following functions:

• The armopoyas acts as a support for the beams supporting the truss system. Without these beams, the truss system cannot be constructed;
• A reinforced belt is also required to reinforce the brickwork and unload the lintels of the window structures;
• In addition, it is needed to strengthen the walls of the bay window, which is carried out by linking them to the walls of the house.

When choosing a roofing material, it is worth starting from your financial capabilities and personal preferences.

Experts note that for bay windows of country houses, the best solution is to choose one of the modern types of tiles (bituminous, natural, metal, etc.). This type of roof will be in good harmony with the bay window design.

The device of the truss system

The rafter system must be done for many types of roofs. Of course, a roof with a bay window should also have one. The construction of a truss system for this type of roof can be carried out from wooden beams and boards. Their connection with each other, as well as with other structural elements, is carried out by means of screws, self-tapping screws and other suitable fasteners. The rafter system should consist of beams of sufficient size, and you need to choose with a margin, cutting off excess length or width directly during installation. By and large, the principles of performing work on the construction of a truss system in this case differ little from traditional work when constructing different types of roofs. The Mauerlat is laid along a reinforced belt, while the rafter legs are attached to the Mauerlat.

Installation of rafter legs is carried out at the initial stage. Rafter legs must be brought out of the plane of the walls. It was later possible to form cornice overhangs. This will not allow moisture that flows down the roof to have a negative effect on the material of the walls. To fix various wooden roof elements, traditional self-tapping screws or special fasteners are usually used, which are resistant to corrosion and covered with a layer of galvanized steel.

The rafter system can be installed on the roof itself, regardless of whether it is hip or not.

In addition, a variant is possible in which the individual elements of the system will be assembled on the surface of the earth. This will depend on the constructive solution and the project - whether the roof with a bay window will be an independent structure, or will become a continuation of the roof of the house. In those situations where the truss system for the yand roof is assembled by separate trusses, then after they are raised to the roof, they must be fixed not only with a Mauerlat, but also to the ridge. Fastening to the ridge is usually done with steel plates. In this case, it is recommended to fasten metal plates using a special rolling machine. If it is not possible to use it, then you can use a regular hammer.

Lathing installation

Before mounting the crate, it is imperative to lay the waterproofing material, since the rafter system must be qualitatively protected from the negative effects of moisture. To prevent tearing of the waterproofing film, do not stretch it too much, and it is best to fasten it in a loose state.

To make a crate for a roof with a bay window, a traditional edged board is usually used, which must be treated with an antiseptic composition before installation (it will protect the wood from insects). The installation of the crate is carried out across the truss system. But keep in mind that the use of certain roofing will require a continuous crate. In the event that such a need arises, it is recommended to use not an edged board, but OSB boards or plywood with increased moisture-resistant characteristics.

The main feature of the yand roof is the presence of valleys, and therefore it is necessary to use metal aprons.

After the installation of the crate, the prepared roofing material is installed on it.

Roof with a bay window - its varieties, installation features

You will learn how to make a roof over a bay window, about their varieties and the preparatory process, the construction of the truss system and the installation of the crate. Photo and video.

Roof with bay window: truss system, photo scheme

Today, houses with a bay window are considered very fashionable, but when building such, difficulties arise in the process of decorating a roof over them. The arrangement of roofs should be in harmony with the design of the general structure and the design of the main roof, complementing and improving the style. Depending on the shape of the bay window, different types of roofs are used, but the hip is considered the most common.

Hip roof features

A hip roof with a bay window has a number of features that must be considered when building it.

• The design has high strength characteristics, durability and unusual appearance.
• During its construction, it is possible to equip a residential attic room, since the process of creating skylights is very simple.
• The hip roof has four slopes, which are tilted on all sides. Two of them are considered the main ones, and two are lateral, located between the first two. Depending on the type of design, there may be more slopes.
• The classic hip roof model has two inclined pairs of sides, two of which are in the shape of a triangle, and two are in the shape of a trapezoid. And the truss structure has two peaks connected by a ridge.
• The most time-consuming and responsible process is the construction of a hip roof with a bay window. The slightest error in the calculations and drawing up the drawing will lead to possible deformation of the roof structure.
• A hip roof with a bay window can be independent, or it can be combined with the roof frame of the entire structure.

Important! The bay window rafters have a smaller section than the main rafter legs of the main roof frame, this is due to the fact that these elements are affected by the least load.

Advantages and disadvantages

A hip roof with a bay window has the following advantages:

• The roof structure has an attractive and original design, which makes the structure unusual.
• The hip roof is resistant to wind loads, due to the lack of gables. The smaller the angle of the slopes of the structure, the less the wind affects the truss frame.
• The streamlined shape of all sides has good resistance to a variety of precipitation.
• The process of warming such a roof is simplified by the fact that the cake is inside the structure.
• Depending on the height and slope of the sides of the roof, it is possible to use the interior space for decorating a living room.
• The design of the roof can be with a large overhang, thereby providing additional protection for the walls of the house.
• Due to the absence of gables at the hip roof, the load on the foundation of the house is distributed evenly, and it also becomes much less.

• The disadvantage of such structures is the complexity of their construction. If even the slightest error is allowed, the reliability of the design will be in question.
• The construction of such a roof requires a lot of money.

Varieties

The hip roof is divided into several types, depending on the shape of its design.

The diagonal ribs of the structure rest on the ridge run, and the overhangs are at the same height.

Has no skate run. All edges of the structure are reduced to one point. This type of roof is not suitable for decorating buildings with a bay window, since the shape of the house box should be square.

It differs from the classical view by the presence of gables in which windows are installed for arranging a living attic room. This type is divided into subspecies, and some of them can be used to equip buildings with a bay window.

This view consists of a complex structure, since all sides have a different size, with a discrepancy under different slopes. This type gives the house a spectacular and original look and is great for arranging bay windows. A roof with a bay window, the rafter system of which has a broken frame, allows you to save a maximum of free space for decorating an attic space.

Roof drawing and calculation of its area

Before erecting a roof with a bay window, it is necessary to draw up a project that provides for the preparation of a diagram of the future structure, as well as the calculation of the necessary building materials. The calculation and drawing up of the scheme is carried out in the following sequence:

The choice of the angle of inclination of the sides

The choice of the angle of inclination of the roof slopes is made taking into account the following criteria:

• In what climatic conditions is the building located, as well as wind load. With a heavy load, the roof slope should be the most gentle. The lower the slope, the stronger the structure.
• With a large amount of precipitation, the roof slope should, on the contrary, be as high as possible so that they roll off in a timely manner, thereby not affecting the roof surface.
• A variety of roofing material, since each type has its own requirements for the crate, and also have different weights. For each type, there are some restrictions on the slope of the ramp:

Important! The higher the angle of inclination, the larger the roof area, which entails the purchase of additional building materials. This nuance must be taken into account when drawing up a drawing.

Drafting a project

Taking into account all the features, you can proceed to the design of the roof structure with the drawing up of a drawing and the calculation of building materials. For this you need:

• Measure the parameters of the house and ledge: height, width and length.
• Schematically display the facade and end of the building on paper, using a certain scale.
• Depending on the features of the house, choose the type of hip roof.
• Having decided on the height of the roof, according to the above criteria, draw several models of the roof frame on one of the sketches. Having chosen the most suitable option, it is necessary to designate the angle of inclination of the sides of the structure. To do this, you need to use a protractor.
• Next, the location of the rafters is applied to the drawing, marking them with dots. To do this, the length of the wall is divided into equal segments, which will be the step between the lines.
• The step between the lines also depends on the section and characteristics of the wood used.
• The need for roof insulation. In this case, the location of the rafters must correspond to the width of the insulation.
• The drawing should also indicate the rafters of the bay window.
• If the type of roof provides for a ridge run, it must be taken into account that it must connect a pair of beams of the truss system. On one of the drawings, you need to designate equal sections from each edge of the wall.
• From the received sketches, one large drawing is compiled, which will also be useful in the future for calculating materials.

Important! The presence of the project and the schematic representation of the design is a good help in the procurement of materials, the manufacture of blanks and in the process of installation work.

How is the area calculated?

The calculation of building materials is carried out according to certain formulas, taking into account the slope of the roof and the area of ​​​​the roofing surface.

For the calculation, you will also need the following data:

• The presence of chimneys and dormer windows in the roof. Their presence increases the consumption of building materials.
• The length of the slope, its calculation is made from the ridge to the edge of the eaves.
• The parameters of the firewall walls, overhangs, parapets, and other parts are calculated.

To obtain accurate data during the calculation, it is recommended to seek help from professionals or use a special program on the Internet. When deciding to perform the calculation on your own, it is recommended to divide the roof surface into separate sections, which will make it easy to calculate their area. After that, all values ​​are summed up.

The more accurately the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe roofing surface is calculated, the less will be the cost of purchasing excess building materials.

Advice! To obtain a reliable and durable roof structure for its construction, it is necessary to purchase well-dried beams.

Construction tools

Preparation of materials and tools is carried out before the installation process, so that in the process of work not to be distracted by their search.

To simplify measurements and for their accuracy, it is recommended to replace the tape measure with a measuring rail, which can be made of plywood, 5 cm wide, applying the main measurements on it.

Features of the installation process

Any construction process has its own characteristics, and the construction of a hip roof with a bay window is no exception.

• Before starting the installation of the frame, it is recommended that all lumber be treated with an antiseptic.
• To make and fix the truss frame, it is necessary to prepare a Mauerlat, which is laid on top of the walls, around the entire perimeter of the building. It performs the function of binding the truss system to the walls of the building.
• Since the intermediate rafters have a steep slope, in contrast to the rafters, boards with parameters of at least 5 * 15 cm are used for their manufacture.
• When erecting a rafter frame, vertical racks are first installed that support the ridge run. The racks are fixed to the central beam using a system of slopes.
• Fastening of short rafters is carried out not to the ridge bar, but to the sloping elements of the frame. The slope angles of the intermediate and short rafters must match.
• The bay window rafter system, the photo diagrams of which are presented above, should be in harmony with the overall design, but at the same time it may have a smaller section of the beams, since the load imposed by external climatic factors is much lower.
• The bars used to build the rafter system and run the ridge must have the same cross section. If this requirement is met, the structure will be strong and its early deformation will not occur.
• The intermediate rafters are fastened to the ridge run and the upper part of the harness.
• When erecting a roof of low height, it is necessary to install additional racks-supports.
• To obtain a solid roof structure, it is recommended to use lumber of their softwood, without defects and knots.
• For high wind loads, the diagonal and center bars should be thick.
• After the construction of the frame, its hydro- and thermal insulation is made, on a pre-made crate.

Summing up, we can say that for the arrangement of a building with a bay window, a hip roof is often used, which has several varieties and, depending on the shape of the protrusion, the most suitable type is selected.

Before the construction of the truss system, it is necessary to draw up a project that provides for the drawing up of a drawing and the calculation of building materials. To obtain a strong and durable design, it is better to entrust the creation of a project to professionals.

Hip roof with a bay window: diagram, photo

Learn about the features of the construction of a hip roof with a bay window. Schemes and photos, assistance in drawing up a project, calculating the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe roof and its construction.

How the hip roof truss system works + step-by-step installation instructions

A hip (four-pitched, hipped) roof is one of the design options when additional slopes are built in place of the gables.

However, hip structures are widespread especially in areas with frequent changes in wind direction.

It turns out a roof that has inclined planes on all sides, which creates a lot of profitable positions:

• The absence of gables makes the load on the foundation less, in addition, it is distributed absolutely evenly.
• The wind load on the slope is much lower than on the vertical plane.
• The cost of finishing the gables is excluded from the total repair estimate.
• In decorative terms, the hip roof looks more solid, assembled.

The disadvantage of this design is:

• Increased complexity of the design of the truss system.
• Greater consumption of roofing material, which creates additional dangerous areas of possible leaks.
• The presence of bursting loads on load-bearing walls, necessitating ligaments of the lower bases of the slopes.

Hip roof: truss system

The main design feature of the tent-type truss system is the presence of diagonal edges, connecting the corner points of the roof with a ridge beam, which has a shorter length than the entire roof (the classic hipped roof does not have a ridge at all, the ribs converge at one point).

In the rafter system, these ribs are called angular, or diagonal. Their presence requires installation as full-fledged rafters going from the ridge to the base - Mauerlat, and shortened elements- sprigs connecting the base and diagonal rafters.

hipped roof scheme

Four-pitched roof: elements of the truss system

The elements of the hip-type truss system have a more numerous composition than with a gable design. The truss system of a hipped roof consists of the following parts:

• Mauerlat. A bar laid along the perimeter of the load-bearing walls and which is the basis for the entire truss system.
• Sill. A horizontal beam of the same section as the Mauerlat, located along the longitudinal axis of the roof and serving as a support for the run posts. A layer of waterproofing is required between the ceiling and the bed.
• Sprengel. An element that binds and reinforces the corner joints of the Mauerlat bars. It is made from the same beam as the Mauerlat and is installed diagonally to it.
• puff. Connecting elements connecting the parallel bars of the Mauerlat along the long side. Remove the bursting load from the load-bearing walls.
• Rack. A vertical element supported by a puff and supporting a ridge beam.
• Run. Skate bar.
• Diagonal (angular, oblique) rafter. It connects the corners of the mauerlat with the ends of the run, forming ribs - the junction of the roof planes.
• rafters. Inclined elements based on the Mauerlat from below and on the run from above.
• Narozhniki. These are the elements that rest on top of the diagonal edges. Essentially, these are rafters cut to the length required at a given point.
• Struts. Reinforcing elements, spacers located perpendicular to the rafters and resting at an angle on the puffs.

The designs of all elements may have deviations from the generally accepted scheme due to the need caused by the peculiarities of the project of this building, but the scheme as a whole almost always consists of the named details and does not have any radical changes.

Hip roof truss system: diagram and photo below.

Scheme of the truss system

Photo of the truss system

Diagonal rafter legs

The elements of the rafter system, which form the ribs connecting the planes of the slopes, are called diagonal (sloping, angular) rafter legs.

Strictly speaking, diagonal and oblique - not quite identical elements, since the first are attached outside the corners of the Mauerlat, and the second - from the inside.

Otherwise, all properties are the same.

Corner elements have certain features:

• The length of the diagonal rafter legs is much longer than the length of the straight rafters.
• Diagonal rafter legs serve as a support for the sprigs on both sides of the connected planes.

The presence of such features creates an increased - about one and a half times - load on the rafters compared to conventional ones. Their length exceeds the usual length of the boards., from which the rafters are made, therefore, for the manufacture of sloping boards, they are rallied - they are connected along the face in two layers.

This solves several problems at once.:

• You can make beams of any desired length.
• Possibility to use one modular material size.

One or two supports must be installed under the diagonal rafter(depending on the length), and the point of location of the support is not in the middle, as it would seem at first glance, but at a distance of one third or a quarter of the entire length of the rafter, counting from the top point, since it is in this area that the place of greatest stresses is located.

Diagonal rafter legs

Supports for diagonal rafters

As a support for diagonal rafters, either struts or vertical posts made of timber or paired boards can be used. The rack can rest directly on the ceiling, through a layer of waterproofing and a wooden lining.

The angle of inclination of the strut in this case does not play a role, the main thing is the connection point, i.e. place of load concentration. With a rafter length of up to 7.5 m, a brace from the upper point of maximum load is sufficient, and with a length of more than 9 m, an additional stand is required at the bottom.

This can be either a support on the ceiling, if it allows, or a support on a sprengel - the so-called. trussed truss - a stand reinforced with struts on the sides.

Supports for diagonal rafters

The device of the conjurers

At the bottom of the sprigs are the same rafters, have a completely similar method of attachment to the Mauerlat, the same installation step. Mounted strictly at right angles to the base, the upper part - to the corner rafter leg.

Fastening is carried out with at least two nails or other elements. The upper part of the box is cut at the right angle to the horizontal and to the diagonal rafter, to provide a tighter fit and ensure load resistance.

Hip roof over bay window

Bay window - a solid looking and decorating building structure, which is a small extension, a ledge in the wall, which performs mainly decorative functions. The section of the roof above the bay window can be any type of structure, but most often the option most suitable for the shape and section of the bay window is used.

The hip roof above the bay window may have an adjoining shape, i.e. be a half of a hip roof, a complex of three planes. Alternatively, there may be a dominant dome over the bay window, towering above the main roof.

Anyway, the construction of such a structure is a difficult task, and the complexity is not in the technical sense, but in the design and calculation work. The combination of several planes into one ensemble is a complex problem that requires accurate calculations and careful thoughtful work.

There are important points that play a significant role - for example, the angle of inclination of the bay window slopes must correspond to the angle of inclination of the main roof, the length of the fillies must also be in harmony with all roof overhangs.

The main feature is the combination of hip elements with valley elements, therefore the construction of the main truss system should be carried out in parallel or before the bay window to avoid unwanted discrepancies in system geometry.

Hip roof over bay window

Step-by-step instructions for installing a hip truss system

The description will begin from the moment the mauerlat is laid, all previous operations are considered completed, the floor is completely ready.

Also completed all the calculation and design work.

There is a prepared (dried) material - a beam and an edged board made of coniferous species, as the most suitable for the construction of a truss system in all respects.

For the correct installation of the elements of the truss system, it is necessary to stock up on connecting elements, allowing some movement of parts in relation to each other.

This is necessary to compensate for the shrinkage processes of the walls, foundation and the system itself. This is especially important for some load-bearing elements based on Mauerlat.

Movement of the base with fixed connections of the main components can lead to loosening of the connections and the formation of leaks.

Consider the stages of construction of the hip truss system:

1. Mauerlat installation. The beam is laid on a waterproofed base, fixed with studs. If necessary, the segments are connected along the length of the "half-tree", with reinforcement of the joints with nails. Fasteners are installed immediately.
2. Mauerlat corners are reinforced with sprengels and.
3. Installation of the bed. One or two (depending on the project) beds are laid on a waterproofed base.
4. Racks are installed on which the run is attached. Thus, the supporting skeleton of the truss system is created.
5. Installation of diagonal rafter legs. Immediately, depending on the length, struts and (or) racks are mounted.
6. Rafters are mounted according to design data. They are immediately adjusted in length / angle and sprigs are installed. All elements, if necessary, are reinforced with struts.
7. The rafters at the points of attachment to the base and to the run are additionally reinforced with brackets, wooden bars and other fasteners.

Actually, the installation of the truss system at this stage is completed. Further work consists in creating a roofing pie, constructing a batten, roofing, etc.

It should be taken into account the impossibility of full and detailed coverage of all the nuances and trifles., on which the high-quality and reliable construction of the truss system depends, since there are many of them and all of them are worthy of separate consideration. However, the general sequence is reflected in sufficient detail.

The creation of a hip truss system is not so much a complicated process as a responsible and dangerous one in that mistakes made in the early stages become noticeable much later.

So it is very important to draw up a detailed work plan before starting work, to ensure full compliance with the project and to do everything as accurately as possible. The whole structure rests on the joints of wooden parts, so it is desirable to have experience and skills in working with wood.

Without the possession of this knowledge, it is better to seek the help of specialists, since the responsibility of the truss system for the preservation of the functional qualities of the entire building is too great.

Hip roof: drawing of the truss system below.

Drawing of the truss system

Hip roof: truss system and rafters of a four-pitched roof with a bay window, photo drawings and diagrams

In this article, you will learn how the hip roof truss system is arranged, how the rafters are installed, and what elements a four-pitched roof with a bay window consists of, as well as photos of the Mauerlat, plans, diagrams and drawings for such structures.