How to make concrete fence slabs. Own business: production of fences. Technology and equipment for the production of concrete fences. Materials for the manufacture of fence plates

When choosing a fence for a summer cottage, each owner tries to find the most durable and durable structure that does not need to be regularly repaired and tinted.

At the same time, I want the cost of the fence for the dacha to be affordable for the household budget, and its installation does not require the use of special lifting equipment. All of these requirements are met by concrete sectional fences - easy-to-assemble and reliable structures that can be found today on every summer cottage.

It is not difficult to make a concrete fence for a summer residence on your own, since all the necessary technologies and materials are presented on the building envelope market.

In Soviet times, the only option for such a fence was a solid reinforced concrete slab - a heavy and inexpressive structure, more suitable for industrial enterprises and warehouses.

Nowadays, the most popular fences are made of small 2-meter sections, which are installed in the grooves of concrete pillars. The modular principle of their construction allows the owner to easily choose not only the height, but also the appearance of the fence. For this, two types of concrete sections are produced - solid and openwork (transmitting light).

There is a huge variety of options for the texture of such concrete slabs, which allows you to build a fence that imitates brickwork, natural stone or the surface of a wooden board. The upper part of a sectional concrete fence is usually finished with a decorative section of a curvilinear outline.

Manufacturers of sectional fences try to give their products an original look and hide visible longitudinal seams.

To do this, they make sections in which the seam goes along the uneven junction of the "masonry". As a result, a decorative concrete fence looks like a single monolith, made of wild stone. The pillars connecting the slabs are also not left unattended and cast in molds that imitate a three-dimensional stone texture.

In addition to fence sections, in which only one side has a decorative texture, double-sided fence plates are sold on the market today. The fence made of them looks equally beautiful, both from the outside and from the inside.

The cost of sectional concrete fences is fully consistent with their durability and strength. In terms of a 50-year service life, such a dacha fence will cost no more than a metal profile, mesh or picket fence.

Estimated prices for a standard section 2 meters long and 0.5 meters high are in the average range from 350 to 600 rubles.

For a smooth pole, designed for the installation of four panels (total height 2 meters), manufacturers ask from 600 rubles. Exactly the same pillar, but with a textured surface, it will cost you an average of 1400 rubles.

We make a sectional concrete fence with our own hands

The simplicity and relatively low cost of poured concrete technology, as well as the availability of the necessary equipment on the market, make it possible to independently manufacture fence sections.

At the same time, it should be noted that the costs of molds and a vibrating table will pay off only if the length of the fence is at least 120 meters (the area of ​​​​the plot is from 8 acres).

To get started, you need to purchase three or four single-sided molds for concrete fences made of PVC or fiberglass. Depending on the quality and thickness of the plastic, their cost ranges from 2000 rubles. for 1 piece The cost of a mold for with grooves 2.8 meters long is from 3,500 to 4,200 rubles.

It is impossible to make high-quality intake concrete blocks and pillars without using. On it, the concrete mixture is well compacted and fills all the elements of the textured surface of the form. The price of a vibrating table averages from 23 to 37 thousand rubles.

In addition, the manufacture of a concrete fence requires the use of a concrete mixer. It will be needed not only for the preparation of a casting mixture for molds, but also for mixing concrete for embedding pillars.

Stages of installation of a concrete sectional fence

A crew of three can do this job well, since the installation of concrete sections in the guide grooves of the pillars does not require the use of a crane.

For installation, you will need the following tools and materials:

• Shovel and crowbar;
• Building level and cord;
• 10-16 wooden template rails (each 201 cm long). They are necessary to accurately fix the distance between concrete pillars during their installation.

If the installation of the type-setting concrete fence of the dacha will be carried out on a site with a large slope, then a level will be needed to accurately determine the height of the fence steps.

Do-it-yourself sectional concrete fence is mounted in two stages.

The first includes the following operations:

• A beacon cord is stretched along the perimeter of the fence at a height of 0.4-0.5 m from the ground;
• To the depth of concreting of the pillars, pits are dug in increments of 2 meters;
• A pole is lowered into each pit, leveled with a level and fixed with large rubble or brick fragments;
• A wooden template rail is inserted into the groove of the installed post, and its other end rests against the groove of the next fence post.
• The building level, which is applied to the template rail, determines the level of penetration of the pillars and, if necessary, pour soil under them or further deepen the pit.
• After making sure that the distance between adjacent posts in the upper and lower parts is the same (the template rail does not fall into the groove, but stays in it), the posts are fixed in the pit and proceed to the second stage of installation.

• Knead a concrete mixture of sand, fine gravel, cement in a ratio of 3: 2: 1 and fill all the pits with it.
• After concreting with a level, the verticality of the pillars is checked again.
• Installation of fence panels in the summer period can be started 1 day after concreting, and in spring or autumn after 3-4 days.

Often the installation of a concrete fence is completed by painting the slabs. To do this, use a primer for concrete and facade paint with the addition of the desired color pigment.

However, this work is not mandatory, since even an unpainted concrete fence can withstand atmospheric moisture and temperature changes perfectly.

Recently, decorative fences made of concrete have become increasingly popular among owners of private households, cottages and "townhouses", as well as organizations that own their own buildings.

The fact is that most of these buildings are being built according to more or less standard projects, so they look quite monotonous. But with the help of concrete sections of various shapes and textures, you can give them individuality and a certain style. In addition, concrete decorative fences are a good alternative, for example, to forged gratings: they are cheaper, stronger and do not need to be painted against rust.

So there is a certain demand for this product, and the demand is constantly growing - low-rise construction occupies a considerable segment in the industry in Russia. But a relatively small number of enterprises are engaged in the production of decorative concrete fences, and mainly decorative fences are made according to individual orders and as an addition to the main product - other concrete or reinforced concrete products - slabs, blocks, paving slabs, etc.

It is not known exactly why this happens - perhaps it is unprofitable for large enterprises for the production of concrete products to invest in one-time and small, by their standards, projects, and for small ones to open a new, rather little-known business by Russian standards. But in principle, the production of concrete decorative fences can become a "gold mine", especially if you competently approach not only the technical, but also the marketing issues of this line of business.

Indeed, now buyers are simply forced to pay a clearly inflated price for decorative concrete fences: this is due to the lack of manufacturers of this product on the market, and piece products, as you know, are much more expensive than mass products.

But if you arrange the production of decorative fences in a sufficiently large quantity, then, at a relatively low price and high quality (and the quality of products manufactured by a company specializing in their production will be higher than the quality of products manufactured by a third-party organization for which such production is new, even if you have all the necessary tools and all the necessary equipment), customers will come to you.

However, in the production of decorative fences, it is necessary to strike a balance between cheap mass production and a variety of designs: no matter how high the quality of decorative fences, they remain primarily decorative and are purchased mainly by representatives of the "middle class" as a kind of refinement that emphasizes the individual style of the owner of the house (organization are usually less demanding). Therefore, it is necessary to create the illusion of an individual approach and a certain elitism of the goods - this is what an active consumer appreciates.

Technology and equipment for the production of concrete decorative fences

For the manufacture of decorative fences, not only the actual molding equipment and molds are required, which will be discussed below. The pre-treatment of the cement mixture is also important - the higher quality raw materials are used, the better the finished product will be.

The production of concrete decorative fences begins with the sifting of cement and sand, the main components of concrete. It is produced in special vibrating sieves with an electric drive with a mesh size of not more than 5 mm.

One vibrating sieve (220 V; 0.55 kW) costs around 500 US dollars; an order is enough for one or two - the order execution time is calculated according to the available equipment, and if an order is received for, for example, 10 tons of products with an equipment capacity of 2 tons per day - the execution time physically cannot be less than 5 days.

The next stage of production is the mixing of the concrete mix. Manual mixing is excluded in accordance with the technology for the manufacture of concrete and reinforced concrete products, so it is produced in concrete mixers, which are often also called "concrete mixers".

Here you have a rather difficult choice: the range of mixers provided is very large. In general, it is necessary to distinguish between gravity and forced concrete mixers. The former are cheaper, the price range for them is from 370 to 2130 US dollars, depending on the power (in this case, the volume of loading of components and the yield of ready-made concrete, which is usually indicated by a fraction sign, in this case, for example, 130/100 l and 430 /380 l).

In addition, gravity mixers (except for the most powerful - from about 200-300 liters) do not require industrial (380 V) voltage and are portable. Forced concrete mixers are usually stationary (and some even require a light foundation), are more expensive (from 2340 to 17600 US dollars) and consume 380 V electricity. But the productivity also increases accordingly: from 200/150 liters to 1500/1330 liters.

In addition, many of the forced concrete mixers are equipped with a "skip" or skip hoist designed to supply (lift in height) concrete mix aggregates. The skip hoist consists of a movable hopper moved along the guides by an electric winch through a system of blocks and automates the process of loading raw materials into the mixer; gravity mixers are loaded manually, which requires a minimum of one auxiliary worker for each unit.

The third stage consists of the actual process of forming decorative panels - fence elements. This process is most important in terms of appearance and consumer properties of finished products.

Forms for the production of a decorative fence must be of good quality, without welds, and also have sufficient strength to avoid deformation.

Decorative fences (as well as forms for them) are divided into two categories - deaf and openwork, or, more simply, impenetrable and "transparent".

Openwork panel molds are slightly more expensive, around $375 a piece versus $345 for a blank panel mold. Accordingly, forms are perhaps the biggest cost when starting your own business: after all, for a normal assortment, you will need to purchase at least 60-65 (of both types), and for a normal production volume per cycle, 5-10 pieces each, so as not to produce , for example, a 50-meter fence, one section per tab. And this is not counting the molds for pole holders, which cost, depending on the type, from 175 to 515 US dollars per piece and which also need to be purchased in an amount corresponding to the number of molds for panels, that is, twice as much - 2 poles hold one panel. right and left.

As with other high-quality concrete products (for example, paving slabs), concrete shrinkage requires a vibrating molding table - a special machine that produces forced concrete settling using frequency oscillations (vibration). The increase in the density of concrete occurs due to the removal of air bubbles from the mixture.

Vibrating tables are of two types - on belts and on springs. The former cost somewhat less (about $605) but wear out faster due to abrasion and stretching of the belts; the second ones are a little more expensive (from 950 to 1240 US dollars), but they are operated longer. In principle, the choice of the type of table depends on the volume of production - if it is small, then you can safely take a molding table on belts.

Although the production of concrete decorative fences uses special plasticizers and modifiers that are put into the solution to make it plastic, prevent microcracks, including easy removal of the hardened product from the mold, it is recommended, although not necessary, to also use a vibrating table that costs $550. .

Sometimes the same forming table is used to knock out finished products from the molds, equipped with a special nozzle costing only $ 25, however, with a continuous process or large volumes of production, this method is not practical: the forming vibrating table is equipped with more powerful electric motors than the forming table, so every time , using the molding table for demoulding, it should be reconfigured or one of the motors should be turned off (if a paired electrical circuit is used).

Business development prospects for the production of concrete decorative fences

The main direction of development, apart from, of course, increasing sales markets, is the direction of providing design and decoration services (not counting, of course, the obvious - the installation of decorative fences): for a fee, the designer will select an individual pattern for the fence, its color and type, corresponding to the design of the house or lawn.

This direction is the most promising, as it opens up wide opportunities for expanding production: in addition to simple (unpainted) decorative concrete panels, it is possible to produce colored ones by adding special pigments (dyes) to the initial solution.

In addition, if your designer also decorates the front lawn or courtyard, you can also offer the customer additional design elements in accordance with the design of the fence: for example, flowerpots, flower girls, herbalists, benches, urns, decorative figurines (the so-called "garden gnomes" and other creatures), fountains, balusters, borders, barbecues, etc.

Concrete fences are designed for arranging fences for residential buildings, enterprises, social and cultural facilities. The shape, height, presence or absence of a design solution is determined by the type of development, location, operation, technical and economic indicators, etc. Fences in private areas are the first stage of arrangement for your comfort and a source of pride for the owner.

For the manufacture of fences, the injection method is used, it is most effective in the production of products of small thickness (including roofing tiles, paving and facing tiles, fixed formwork, MAFs, etc.).

For the manufacture of concrete fences are used:

• Portland cement M500D0 (without additives);
• sand with a fineness modulus of more than Mcr 2.0 (ideally - a fraction of 2.5), the content of clay particles in the sand is not more than 3%;
• crushed granite grade over 800, fraction 5-10 mm;
• plasticizing additives;
• water;
• fittings: for the frame - Vr-1 steel, diameter from 4mm, for pillars: 0.5m - V-1 4mm, 1m - Vr-1 4mm, 1.5m - 6mm, 2.0m - 8mm, 2.5m - A3 10mm.

For the production of concrete fence panels, this mortar formulation is also used.

The concrete mixture should be prepared in a special mixer, then it will have high mobility, non-separation, excellent casting qualities, and, as a result, the products themselves will be durable, frost-resistant and have a long service life.

Manufacturing technology of concrete fences

The loading of the ingredients of the solution must be carried out in the sequence: sand - cement - water.

Pillars. Rinse the gravel in a concrete mixer, drain the water. Add sand, after cement. Knead everything dry until smooth. Pour water in portions, the humidity level is checked visually (squeeze the mixture in the palm of your hand).

Attention! The mixture on the pillars, is made drier than on the plates, visually should be lumpy. If, during vibration, the solution in the molds begins to “boil”, it means that there is excess moisture, which will lead to the “sagging” of the products, which is not desirable for the pillars (when setting, the inside sags).

Add half of the calculated amount of crushed stone, a plasticizer solution and about half of the total amount of water to the mixer, mix for a minute. Next, fill in the calculated amount of cement (see table) and repeat the action for another 1 minute. After adding the rest of all components (crushed stone, sand). The total time of the whole process is 10-20 minutes depending on the volume.

Plates. The solution can be made in a forced mixer, provided that it is unloaded from a height of no more than half a meter.

How to determine the quality of concrete?

There should be no dry inclusions in the mixture, delamination during vibration. It is easy to roll a ball from it (it has the consistency of a soft dough).

Quality Options:

1. Density - 2200 kg\cubic meters. (GOST 26633-91 "Concrete heavy and fine-grained").
2. Compressive strength class - not less than M200 (GOST 18105-86 "Rules for strength control").
3. Frost resistance - not less than F50 (GOST 100060.1-95 "Concrete - the basic method for determining strength").

Technology for the production of concrete fences and poles for them

Subject to the spatial separation of the agitator and vibrating tables, the mixture is unloaded into hand carts. Otherwise, the best option is a tin sheet under the stirrer.

Fences. Start the manufacturing process like this: place the molds on a vibrating table, apply the release agent manually, with a special tool using a brush or spray (the second method is more economical). If excess grease is formed, drain it.

Fill the matrices with semi-dry concrete mixture to a third of the capacity. Turn on the vibrating table for about 30 seconds to compact. Lay the reinforcement, restart the vibrations. After the reinforcing wires are completely immersed, rub the surface to a smooth state.

Pillars. Place the mold on the vibrating table, insert the side inserts and secure with bolts. Lubricate. Pour a third of the concrete, turn on the table for 30 seconds, install 2 reinforcing rods, add the second third of the mixture and 2 more rods, pour the remaining solution. Between all actions, start the vibrating table. After complete filling, the inner insert is laid. The end is deepened with a board across the form. Vibrating table included. Smooth the surface around the groove with a trowel, holding the board in line with the shape. Vibrations are turned off, the shape is finally smoothed out.

In the manufacture of pillars, during the final filling of the form, it is necessary to install the upper groove former.

The demoulding process takes place by tipping the form onto wooden pallets. Then slowly raise first one, then the other side until the product is completely separated, remove the matrix, visually check the quality.

After all the work, the matrices are cleaned of adhering pieces with brushes, in extreme cases with Barracuda or a weak solution of hydrochloric acid.

Hardening occurs due to the heat of cement hydration. All products are installed on pallets, the latter are stacked no more than 10 pieces on top of each other. At room temperature below 5°C, cover with foil. Do not give in piece heat treatment!

Transportation can be carried out with a set of at least 70% strength. Panels should be stored vertically, posts should be stored horizontally.

Paint with facade paint.

Compositions of concrete mix
(rates of consumption of raw materials and materials, per 1 m 3 of concrete mix)

Optimum concrete compositions are offered for specific operating conditions, ensuring maximum durability of products. The recommended compositions of the concrete mixture are presented in the table.

Name of raw materials, materials	heavy concrete (pavement coverings)		Fine-grained concrete (pavement coverings)		Lightweight concrete (front coverings)
	Consumption rates per 1 cubic meter	Consumption rates for batch V-0.5 m.cub. Container-bucket V12l	Consumption rates per 1 cubic meter	Consumption rates for batch V-0.5 m.cub. Container-bucket V12l	Consumption rates per 1 cubic meter	Consumption rates for batch V-0.5 m.cub. Container-bucket V12l
Cement, kg	485	16	580	20	500	16
Sand, kg	930-890	24	1480-1435	40	640-600	16
Crushed stone (expanded clay), kg	850	24	-	-	450	32
Plasticizing additive	consumption depending on the additive used
Water, l	160	5,5	195	6,5	170	5,5




For any questions, please contact our consultants. We will advise, we will help, we will advise!

Even with the current huge selection of materials, a decorative concrete fence is one of the most sought-after and popular types of modern fences. It will not only provide reliable protection to the site, but will also become its aesthetic decoration. It is also captivating that such a fence will last a very long time without losing its quality characteristics, and you can cope with its manufacture with your own hands.

Advantages of concrete fences, features and disadvantages

Before installing a concrete fence, you should familiarize yourself with its advantages and disadvantages. The advantages of a concrete fence are quite significant:

1. Long service life (up to 50 years).
2. Wear resistance.
3. All sorts of textures and colors.
4. Easy installation.
5. Fire safety and frost resistance.
6. Versatility - can be used for sites of any type and size.
7. Noise shielding.
8. impenetrability.

There are also cons:

1. A fence made of concrete needs regular maintenance - treatment and prevention of damage.
2. Dimensions of the structure due to design features are limited.
3. Big weight.
4. Bad shock resistance.
5. To install monolithic panels, a foundation is required.
6. Not cheap price.
7. The "concrete box" effect.

Types of concrete fences

1. Monolithic. These are heavy reinforced concrete panels, for the installation of which a crane is used. They need a strong foundation - tape or columnar. This is the most durable version of the fence, which is most often used in industry - to protect the territories of warehouses, workshops and enterprises.
2. Typesetting. Due to the small size and weight of the sections, such fences are very popular in the private sector. The sections are inserted into the grooves of the supporting pillars, so two or three people can easily handle the installation. The fence can be made both deaf and openwork, or combined from different types of sections.
3. Bilateral. They look the same - both from the outside and from the inside.
4. Unilateral. A cheaper option that has a pattern or texture on only one side.

If we talk about factory products, then the most popular are concrete fences (or eurofences), which are mounted from blocks or horizontal sections. Their width, as a rule, is 2 meters, and their height is from 0.3 to 0.5 meters. Blocks weigh from 25 to 70 kilograms. Such structures are easily transported and cost less than their monolithic counterparts. The composition of the eurofence is cement (grade 500), fine gravel, sand, reinforcement (steel reinforcement and polypropylene fiber) and superplasticizer. It can be of any color, and lined with the desired material - marble, granite or ceramics.

Fences come in a variety of types.

They also produce frost-resistant cinder blocks. Expanded clay or pebbles are added to the concrete mix for these slabs.

photo gallery

Combined fence Fence imitating wattle Imitation pebbles Imitation of stone texture Low combined fence

Do-it-yourself concrete fences

Calculation of the number of concrete sections

The manufacture of concrete fences begins with the calculation of the number of slabs that are required to fence the site along its entire perimeter. To do this, you need to mark the territory. At the corners of the perimeter of the site, pegs are hammered, between which a cord is pulled. This will be the line of the future fence. It is important to note those places where the installation of plates will not be possible in order to move the fence forward or backward.

The standard size of a europlate is 2 m wide and 0.5 m high. However, taking into account tolerances and all kinds of gaps, it is customary to take a length of 2.06 m as a basis.

The recommended fence height is 2 meters. In this case, the site will be hidden from prying eyes. When calculating, it is also necessary to take into account the support pillars, the cross section of which is 15x15 cm. Thus, when installing 10 plates 2.06 m long, the length of the fence will be 20.75 m, taking into account the first and last support pillar.

Territory marking

Tools for the job

1. Concrete mixer or other mixing container.
2. Trowel, shovel, pointed rod.
3. Section form.
4. Armature (wire).
5. Level.
6. materials for the mix.
7. Vibrating table.
8. Composition for lubrication of molds.

The process of manufacturing and installing a concrete fence is not too laborious, but it will take time and several pairs of working hands. If you decide to cast the plates with your own hands, then the first step is to decide on the proportion of the future solution, its composition and the shape of the product. The quality of the components is also important: for example, the use of untreated sand instead of prepared sand can contribute to the deformation of the slabs under the influence of the external environment after a few years.

Solutions for the construction of a concrete fence

Main ingredients for the mixture:

• Cement (grade not lower than 400).
• Peeled river sand, size 1.3–3.5 mm.
• Gravel, crushed stone washed.
• Water.

Standard Mortar for Concrete Blocks

• Crushed stone or expanded clay - 1 part.
• Sand - 3 parts.
• Cement - 1 part.
• Plasticizer - according to the instructions.
• Water (until the mixture becomes the consistency of thick sour cream).

foundation mortar

• Crushed stone - 2 parts.
• Cement - 1 part.
• Sand - 2 parts.
• Water (to optimal density).

For ease of pouring concrete, you can use ready-made forms. They are:

1. Polypropylene.
2. Rubber.
3. Plastic.
4. Fiberglass.

Step-by-step process of pouring the concrete mixture into the finished form

Step 1. Before pouring the panels into the mold, you need to prepare a reinforcing frame. For it, reinforcement or metal wire with a diameter of 4 to 6 mm is used. The material is laid in a grid, with a step of 10 by 10 cm, and welded.

Rebar laying scheme

Step 2. Preparation of the composition. It is best to mix the mortar in a concrete mixer, but if it is not available, then any bulky plastic container or an old bathtub will do. All components are poured into it, and then water is gradually added. In this case, the density of the solution is regulated. The mixture is thoroughly stirred until smooth (no more than 10 minutes), and poured into a pre-prepared form, pre-installed on a wooden shield or an old door. The base is level.

Filling the form with concrete mix

Step 3. The form must be lubricated with a composition of diesel fuel and used engine oil.

Step 4. Pour half of the solution into the mold and wait for a while. Next, we lay the reinforcing mesh and distribute the rest of the mixture on top.

Step 5. We knock on a wooden shield with a hammer so that the concrete, compacted, highlights the cement milk on the surface. This simulates vibrocompression, during which the concrete completely fills the form. You should also pierce the solution with a pointed rod to release air.

Step 6. We smooth the surface with a spatula and close the mold with a film until the mixture has completely solidified. The process takes one to three days. Concrete matures longer - up to 30 days. Only after their expiration, the panels can be installed. Finishing work - priming and painting, is carried out 6 months after the manufacture of the panels.

Video: How to make a concrete fence

Installation of concrete fence posts

The service life of the fence directly depends on properly installed supports. They take on the entire load, therefore, the higher the concrete fence, the more powerful its supports should be. Fencing posts can be stacked or solid. But in both options, grooves are provided for installing concrete sections.

Finished concrete fence posts

Mounting on solid poles

There are two ways to mount on monolithic poles.

The first is that all the pillars are concreted into the marked places at once, and after the concrete has hardened, the slabs are installed in the grooves (through the top). The downside is that it is difficult to implement without special tools, and also that this method does not tolerate markup errors. It will be impossible to eliminate the error without a complete rework.

The second method is more convenient. Only the first pillar is concreted, and the second is not rigidly fixed. Further, all the plates are put on the pillars, and then the second pillar is tightly put on them and fixed with the help of broken bricks. The structure is leveled and the installation continues further. The column is poured with cement after the installation of all plates.

Step 1. Markup. The strength of the fence depends on the accuracy of the installation - if the posts are too close, the panel will not fit into the grooves, and if it is too far away, then the section will fall out. Therefore, it is important to drive the pegs in correctly.

Drilling wells for supports

Step 2. Drilling wells under the pillars for a third of the length of the pillar.

Pillar installation scheme

Step 3 Installing the support post. It is installed in a pit and covered with rubble by 15 cm. After that, its verticality is checked by a level, and the pillar is poured with concrete. Extreme supports are installed and a twine is stretched between them. The remaining pillars are already equal to it.

Step 4. Installation of sections in the grooves of the pillars. Bonding them with a solution to each other. Some craftsmen do not advise completely closing the gaps, since the pillars can “play” in winter and they need compensation gaps.

Scheme of mounting the fence on solid poles

Mounting a fence on stacked poles: step by step instructions

Stacking poles are hollow blocks assembled around a steel pipe or cast onto a reinforcing cage. Block cavities are usually filled with concrete.

Hollow block for post

This technology is good because it does not require a foundation for the entire fence - it is needed only for pillars.

Step 1. Preparation of holes 1 or 1.2 m deep and 20 cm wide.

Step 2. Backfilling crushed stone at the bottom of the pit.

Step 3. Installation of a pipe or reinforcement so that it comes out 40 cm from the ground, and its subsequent concreting.

Armature location

Step 4. After preparing the foundation, the column is assembled. The first block is put on each post along the entire length of the fence. The block is positioned so that the metal core is in the middle.

Step 5. The first row of panels is put on the recesses of the pillars and poured with concrete. Concrete should be liquid, and the ratio of sand and cement should be 1 to 4, or even 1 to 5.

Blocks are put on reinforcement and concreted

Step 6. Next, the second row is installed, until the height of the fence reaches 1.5 m. After that, soil is added to the lower section of the fence. It is not necessary to dig deep into the ground - otherwise, in frost, the earth will begin to break the fence.

Step 7. The installation of the blocks continues until the installation of the top decorative panel.

Step 8. Installing caps on poles.

Fencing installation scheme

Painting and decorating a concrete fence

In order for a concrete fence to last as long as possible, it must be properly looked after. There are several reasons for this.

1. Technical. Painting is needed in order to protect concrete from external influences and extend the life of the fence.
2. Psychological. By itself, concrete is nondescript, and coloring will make it brighter and more pleasant to perceive.
3. Decorative. In order for the fence to harmonize with the color of the room, an appropriate shade is selected.

What paint is suitable

Higher requirements are imposed on the paint for concrete fencing. She must be:

• moisture resistant;
• frost-resistant;
• resistant to temperature extremes and sunlight.

These requirements are fully met by facade paint of any type - both matte and glossy. If the fence is located on the sunny side, then it is better to choose a matte paint, because the glossy one will glare a lot. It is preferable that the paint be water-based. For example, acrylic, acrylate, silicone or latex. The main thing is that it has a low level of vapor permeability and a sufficient content of acrylates.

When calculating the amount of paint, it must be borne in mind that the more embossed the surface of the fence, the more material will be needed. On average, 1 m² will require about 300 ml of paint.

Various decor of concrete fences

Color solutions

The most preferred colors from an environmental point of view are brown, green, grey, blue or beige. These natural shades will harmonize and set off flowering plants and green spaces. You should not make the fence too colorful and multi-colored - a combination of two or three shades is enough. Texture elements are highlighted using white, gray or dark colors.

Using paint, you can imitate any surface - for example, sandstone or wood. To paint under sandstone, you must first apply light brown paint, and then dark brown (foam sponge).

Paint application technology

It is not recommended to paint a new fence immediately, as it must shrink. Six months later, you can start finishing work. The principle of staining is the same for both new and old concrete fences. First, preparatory activities are carried out. They include:

• Cleaning the surface of the fence from dust and dirt;
• Surface priming and crack bridging.

Priming must be carried out before painting the fence - it will provide better adhesion of the paint to the concrete surface, and get rid of dust and dirt.

1. It is better to paint a porous concrete fence with a spray gun or other professional equipment.
2. If the old fence was restored, you need to wait until the putty materials have completely dried. Irregularities are cleaned with a mesh or sandpaper.
3. Paint the fence in two layers.
4. The primer dries for a day, so you can not immediately paint the primed surface.
5. The second coat of paint is applied after 24 hours.
6. At high humidity and low temperature (below +5 °C), painting is not carried out.

Painting video

Having studied the process of making a concrete fence, you can try to make it yourself. As a result, you will appreciate the cost savings and great satisfaction with the work done. A handmade fence is a unique product that will last for many years.

Among the owners of country houses, cottages and townhouses are very popular. The demand for such products is so great that many are beginning to consider the production of concrete fences as one of the main ways to earn money.

In our article, we will try to describe the technological process for the production of poured cement fences as clearly as possible, and also dwell on a few nuances, the observance of which depends on the quality of the finished product.

Necessary equipment and raw materials

When planning the organization of the production of cast sections for concrete fences, it is necessary to take care of the presence of three elements:

• Manufacturing technologies.
• Equipment.
• Raw materials for production.

And if there is enough information regarding the technology (including this material itself, as well as the video in this article), then serious investments will be needed to purchase tools and raw materials.

What equipment for production is included in the minimum set? In order to start the manufacturing process, we need:

Vibrating table - equipment for the production of concrete fences

• A set of matrix forms. It includes both molds for the slabs themselves and molds for the pillars. Different production technologies involve the use of different types of molds, therefore we will dwell on their design in more detail in the corresponding section.
• Vibrating sieve. Designed for cleaning cement, sand, etc. from impurities. The cleaner the raw materials used, the higher the mechanical and aesthetic characteristics of the fence.
• The forming vibrating table is a key part in the whole set of equipment. This is due to the fact that it is by vibration casting that we remove air bubbles from the panel, which means that we provide it with the necessary strength.
• As for the concrete mixer, experts recommend using forced models to improve product quality.

Also, to organize the process of manufacturing cement fences, we need a room. The optimal area is about 200 m2, since a significant amount of space is required for drying finished products.

Instant stripping

Materials used

Produced by the method of vibrocassette casting. In this case, two different technological schemes can be used: “exposure” and “instant stripping”. For an inexperienced reader, the difference in these technological schemes is small, but the final product is very different in quality and performance.

"Instant demoulding" involves casting a specially prepared mixture into high-strength matrices. In order to work effectively, it is necessary that we have a sufficient number of stripping pallets at our disposal.

Note! The required number of pallets can be calculated by multiplying the planned daily number of cast slabs by two.

As a rule, for the production of fencing slabs using this technology, fiberglass matrices with a metal frame are used. Such forms for the production of concrete fences have a sufficient margin of safety and weigh more than 50 kg.

For the production of fences in this way, a special casting mixture is used:

• Concrete brand M300 and above.
• The ratio of water-cement is 0.35.
• Filler - crushed stone no more than 5 mm.

If it is planned to produce panels for fences, then the use of plasticizers is mandatory. You can also use fillers that speed up the curing process and give the finished panel different shades.

To lubricate the molds, you can use compositions such as Lerossin, Separen and the like. It is also possible to make homemade lubricant mixtures based on mineral oils with used motor oils, fuel oils or diesel fuel, however, the surface quality of the plate in this case is quite low.

Sequence of operations

The production process of fences using the "instant stripping" technology takes place according to the following scheme:

• On the vibrating table, included in the operating mode, the form is installed. The form must be pre-cleaned and lubricated to avoid cement sticking and the formation of a defective surface.
• A mixture of the desired consistency is poured into the mold. Excess mixture is cut with a long rule flush with the sides of the form.
• A reinforcing mesh of rods is laid on the pouring surface, after which, under the influence of vibration, it is pressed deep into the plate. You should try to place the reinforcement as close to the center of the part as possible.
• When the sealing process is completed (this is evidenced by the absence of bubbles on the pouring surface), the table is turned off.
• two workers lift the form and lay out the finished section of the fence on the formwork pallet.
• The form is cleared of concrete residues, washed and lubricated for the next filling.

Making a concrete fence with your own hands by demoulding on a pallet involves obtaining a fairly cheap material, which, however, does not have high aesthetic characteristics.

If you are more impressed with the high-tech production of concrete fences, then you should consider the technology of exposure casting.

exposure casting

Technology Differences

In general terms, the technologies of instant stripping and exposure casting are similar, but if you are planning to make concrete fences with your own hands, then you should carefully study all the differences in the operations performed.

And the main of these differences is the fact that the process of curing takes place directly in the form itself. The front surface of the slab is formed at the point of contact of the material with the mating surface of the matrix, which means that only high-quality molds for the manufacture of concrete fences should be used for exposition production.

As a rule, today injection molds made of either PVC or ABS plastic are used for this purpose:

• Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) molds are made from a material with a thickness of 0.75 - 1.2 mm. The smooth inner surface makes it possible to produce decorative plates for fences, as well as poles, pedestals, monuments, etc. The strength of PVC molds is sufficient to work with concrete mix, and wear resistance is about 50 cycles.

Note! Pallets for working with PVC molding dies should be made with the most exact observance of dimensions, excluding the slightest deformation of the plate. This is due to the fact that thin walls made of polyvinyl chloride have practically no load-bearing capacity.

• ABS plastic (acrylonitrite - butadiene - styrene) is superior to PVC in the first place in terms of durability. Acrylonitrite matrices can withstand up to 200 pouring and stripping cycles, so if you plan to make concrete fences with your own hands on an industrial scale, then ABS should be chosen.
• The thickness of the polymer sheets used in this case is 2.2 mm. This allows the use of less durable (and therefore lighter) pallets. At the same time, the price of ABS is not much higher than the cost of a PVC mold, so this material should be chosen if possible.

Advice! Acrylonitrite sheet forms are produced by corner gluing, so it is worth monitoring the condition of the glue joints in the cleaning and lubrication process. The appearance of cracks or cracks in the corners is the first sign that the matrix will soon fail.

Exposure casting process

Making a concrete fence with your own hands using the exposure method is also quite simple. The instruction describing the sequence of our actions is given below:

• We make a stretcher pallet from a durable wooden beam with a cross section of up to 60 mm. The design of the stretcher must exclude the displacement of the form during pouring and demoulding.
• For panels of complex shape with decorative elements, foam plastic, polyurethane foam, etc. can be used in the manufacture of the pallet. These materials are designed to support the lower part of the matrix and protect parts from displacement and squeezing.

• The matrix is ​​installed in a wooden pallet, lubricated and served on a vibrating table. For the treatment of the inner surface, experts recommend using the stripping compound K-222, since due to its characteristics it almost completely eliminates the contact of plastic and the pouring mixture.
• We serve the filling mixture into the greased form, after which we align it along the edge as a rule.
• We sink the reinforcement into the fill, after which we carry out vibration compaction until the formation of bubbles on the surface stops.
• We remove the stretcher with filling from the vibrating table and transport it to the place of drying. At least a day must pass from the moment the compaction is completed to the demoulding. In this case, the filling mixture is constantly inside the mold, and the fence acquires the necessary configuration.

With strict adherence to the technological process, as a result, we get a flat and smooth section for a concrete fence, the surface of which looks very attractive even without additional processing. The introduction of a decorative filler or pigment into the composition of the casting mixture allows you to create imitations of granite and marble with your own hands.

Making a concrete fence with your own hands is a difficult and rather costly task. At the same time, if you carefully follow the instructions, the quality of the finished product should be at its best. This means that due to the high demand, your investment will pay off pretty quickly.