Garage 6x4 from foam blocks. How much will it cost to build a turnkey foam concrete garage? Choosing a foundation for a garage

Building a garage with your own hands is easier than building a house. It is necessary to draw up a competent project, select the main materials and calculate the estimate. You just need to find a balance between low cost and reliability of construction, so many car owners choose foam blocks for such tasks. It is easy enough to work with them yourself, but if there is no experience, it is better to hire contractors.

AT standard project usually include standard items:

• Foundation suitable type(contractors prefer to pour slab).
• The construction of a box from wall blocks 600x300x200 mm using special glue and reinforcement of the masonry in every third or fourth row.
• Single or gable roof without insulation, but with a mandatory vapor barrier and Ondulin coating.

Facing, windows and doors, as well as gates are usually selected and calculated separately after design. About 9,000-10,000 rubles per 1 m2 of garage area will be required for blocks and the purchase of other materials on this list. For another 6,000-8,000 per square, the services of contractors will be pulled. On average, you will have to pay from 15,000 to 18,000 rubles per square meter. building meter.

Any company is ready to expand the basic package of services for turnkey construction at the request of the customer (for a fee). Usually, this includes the construction of foam concrete partitions, an attic, the construction of a viewing hole or cellar, etc. But due to additional budget items, the total amount seriously increases.

For typical turnkey buildings, companies often offer all sorts of "goodies", such as replacing the original list of materials with more expensive options. It concerns roofing: instead of soft Ondulin, you can choose a metal profile (it will increase the cost of the project by about 700 rubles / m2) or tiles - here the upper limit is already blurred, but on average the difference in the estimate will be 2,000-2,500 rubles / m2. If you immediately build a house from foam blocks with a garage, it is advisable to make a roof on combined objects from the same or at least matching products.

Improvement and addition roof structure also paid separately. You can order filing overhangs (1000 rubles / m2) and designing a storm drain - another plus 15,000-20,000 for a complete set.

What affects the price and how to reduce costs?

You can save well only on the most consumable items - materials. It is enough to track the seasonality of prices and buy everything you need in the winter when they go down. During this period, suppliers are not happy a wide range foam blocks, but usually this is not required.

The price of finishing work and insulation

Relatively inexpensive finishing services finished garage from foam concrete. But due to the impressive list of works, all together they can result in a rather large amount, which will increase construction costs by up to 20-30%:

• The most cheap plating internal walls will cost 600 rubles per square surface, ceiling - 700.
• Draft flooring wooden floor- 800-850 rubles / m2.
• To sheathe the outside with siding costs about 1500 rubles for each m2, cladding decorative brick will cost 2700-4300 rubles with the same amount of work.
• You can also order additional insulation mineral wool so that the car is in normal conditions in winter. This is approximately 550-600 rubles per 1 m2 of floor and another 650-700 rubles / m2 for external walls made of foam blocks.

From dear exterior finish you can refuse, however, it is still necessary to protect the masonry from external influences. Enough is enough here conventional plaster with an additional waterproof coating (for example, acrylic).

Foam concrete blocks have good thermal insulation characteristics- the choice of such material for the walls initially allows you to save on lining the building with a layer of mineral wool or polystyrene. Of course, if the region has severe winters, and the garage itself is planned to be heated, it will still have to be insulated. But the consumption of insulation for masonry will be significantly lower. And if construction is carried out away from a residential building and a bathhouse, you can replace an expensive basalt wool in the project more accessible PSB.

A large garage with an attic of foam blocks requires the use of expensive and durable autoclaved stones. But if this is a building of only one floor, it is enough to choose materials produced using standard technology with natural drying. Save 10-15% on their purchase.

How to reduce the cost of foundation and floor?

In the construction of foam concrete, the type of foundation plays an important role, but it is selected after examining the soil. If the soil on the site is sufficiently stable, and the project does not include the presence of a basement under the garage, a shallow strip foundation will suffice. At high level occurrence of GW, moving or heaving soil, it makes sense to choose a pile-grillage structure or a monolithic slab. The first option is more affordable, the second will cost more, but it will not allow soil movements to destroy fragile foam concrete blocks.

The foundation must meet the conditions at a particular site, but an excessive margin of safety is useless. From finishing or pouring the floor cement screed you can refuse, as well as expensive thermal insulation, replacing it with a thick expanded clay pillow. After that, it will be enough to make a dense backfill from fine gravel mix and for reliability, shed it with a liquid solution of cement.

If you are not a car mechanic and do not spend all weekend under the car, it makes no sense to make an inspection hole - it will only increase the cost of the foam block project. The presence of a basement is also worth questioning. It is only needed by avid gardeners who feed from the ground and store supplies in large volumes.

Block cost

The amount of foam block for building a garage depends on the size of the object and the thickness of the walls. The latter is determined by the climatic conditions in the region and the need for thermal protection.

Garage construction

• Brick garage - from 16,000 rubles / m2
• Foam-Gas-concrete garage - from 11,000 rubles / m2
• frame garage- from 8000 rub/m2
• Garage from profiled timber - from 12,000 rubles / m2
• Glued laminated timber garage - from 16,000 rubles / m2
• Garage made of logs - from 13,000 rubles / m2
• Garage from reinforced concrete slabs - from 24,000 rubles / m2
• Metal garage (LSTK / Decking) - from 5,500 rubles / m2

Canopy construction

• Polycarbonate carport on iron poles- from 3300 rub/m2
• Cantilever carport - from 4700 rub/m2
• Forged carport - from 5100 rub/m2
• Canopy for a car made of corrugated board - from 4000 rubles / m2
• Carport made of metal tiles - from 4100 rub/m2
• Wooden carport - Custom

Roofing

garage foundation prices

• Strip foundation (height 60cm - thickness 30cm) - from 3000 rub/m.p.
• Strip foundation (height 80cm - thickness 40cm) - from 4350 rub/m.p.
• Monolithic slab (height 20cm) - from 3500 rub/m2
• Monolithic slab (height 30cm) - from 4360 rub/m2

The cost of one screw pile with screwing and concreting

• pile thickness 89 mm. + height 1.5m - 3,000 rubles.
• pile thickness 89 mm. + height 2.5m - 3,200 rubles.
• pile thickness 89 mm. + height 3m - 3 300 rubles.
• pile thickness 108 mm. + height 1.5m - 3,100 rubles.
• pile thickness 108 mm. + height 2.5m - 3,400 rubles.
• pile thickness 108 mm. + height 3m - 3 500 rubles.

Electric installation work

Finishing work

• Installing an electrical kit inside the garage - from 10,000 rubles.
• Production of garage concrete floors- from 25,000 rubles.
• Replacement. Manufacturing wooden floors- from 20,000 rubles.
• Interior decoration garage dry lining - 800 rubles. per m2
• Manufacturing metal gate with a gate, painting - from 30,000 rubles.
• Set overhead sectional doors+ installation - from 45,000 rubles.
• Cosmetic repairs inside the garage - from 1500 rubles. per m2

With the optimal low-rise construction characteristics, foam concrete blocks are often used to build a garage. In this case, their advantages (lightness, ability to remove internal moisture, ease of processing and installation) are best manifested, walls made of this material protect the car well at any time of the year. All construction works it is easy to do it yourself, the technology is considered budgetary. When laying a simple building, your own drawing is enough, if you want to equip two floors, supply engineering communications it is worth ordering a project from specialists.

Nuances taken into account in the design: soil parameters, the need for a viewing hole, the number of cars to be placed, the availability additional features. Minimum Width is 4 m with an opening of 3, the recommended length is 6, the height varies between 2.5-3. The inspection pit is planned taking into account the future location of the machine, its optimal width- 90 cm with a depth of not more than 1.9 m. The features of operation include high vapor permeability, the block is not placed on the ground, the walls are covered with plaster or siding. With a correctly chosen pie scheme (the permeability of external materials cannot be higher than internal ones), the car is reliably protected from corrosion.

Calculation of foam blocks for a garage

Work begins with the preparation of a detailed project, taking into account the number and size of windows, the location of gates and other doors, the need for openings for communications. The number of elements depends on the masonry scheme - when installed in width, they go 1.5 more than in height. As an example: for 10 rows of a solid garage with a wall thickness of 20 cm, 34 blocks will be needed. When placing them with a wider side, the number of rows will increase to 15, products - up to 510 pcs. 1 m3 standard size includes 27.78 pieces, 1 pallet - 40, it is easy to calculate the total volume.

It is more difficult to build a box for two cars, in this case, two project options are possible: with two doors or one, the second is most often elongated, it is selected with limited space (cars are installed one after the other). If desired, combined with a utility room or with a canopy. The required number of foam blocks is found in a similar way. Due to the fragility of products during transportation and unloading, it is worth purchasing them with a 5-10% margin.

The choice of foundation, what should be considered before marking

Foam concrete blocks do not have a significant weight load, but due to their low tensile strength, they are recommended to be placed on a stable and monolithic base, interrupting the tape around the perimeter is unacceptable, the entrance to the garage is organized with a slight rise. It is advisable to evaluate the convenience of entry even at the stage of drawing up the drawing: there should not be trees, fences or other buildings near the gate. The final version depends on the soil parameters and the need for a viewing hole:

• On stable and dense soils with a groundwater depth below 2 m, a shallow-depth tape of 40-70 cm is sufficient.
• On heaving it is recommended to build a garage on a floating monolithic slab, laying a hole in this case is impossible.
• If you want to equip the basement on unstable soils, a buried strip foundation or a pile foundation with a reliable reinforced concrete grillage is selected.

The first option is considered optimal in terms of budget and labor costs; such a foundation is easy to build with your own hands. When laying the strip foundation, you should dig a trench 70 cm deep and 20-30 cm wider than the future wall, carefully tamp its bottom, successively fill and compact 10-15 cm of sand and 7-10 crushed stone, install the formwork and reinforcement cage and fill it with concrete with strength grade not lower than M200.

The main requirement is the creation of a single monolith, the solution is poured in 1 day, without the formation of seams. It is allowed to proceed to the next stage of construction no earlier than in 3 weeks.

Step-by-step instructions for construction, technology nuances

The standard guide includes the following steps:

1. Analysis of the state of the soil, design, marking and leveling of the site.

2. Earthworks.

3. Foundation laying and concrete strength gain.

4. Waterproofing the upper edge of the base (tape or basement) using roll building materials, the higher their service life, the better. Protective layer placed between the layers of cement-sand mortar, mixed in a ratio of 1:3.

5. Laying foam blocks. All rows, with the exception of the first, should preferably be placed on a thin layer of construction adhesive, mixed in strict accordance with the instructions. If the geometry of the blocks does not allow this, then in order to save money, a mixture with a close coefficient of thermal conductivity is kneaded independently, the recommended proportions include 1 part of cement, 1 - polystyrene foam granules and 3 - sand. Compared to bearing walls residential buildings the need for reinforcement is minimal (with the exception of two-story garages), a gasket is sufficient to ensure reliability metal mesh in solution every 2-3 rows.

6. Arrangement of a beam above the garage opening. The entrance must be wide (at least 3 m), a reliable jumper is required to hold the blocks. Usually it is welded from two corners and transverse strips of metal and fixed with at least 20 cm on the foam blocks of the walls. To extend the service life, it is treated with anti-corrosion primers. To fix the ceiling, the same masonry composition is used as the rest of the wall products. Read about the types of reinforced concrete lintels in.

7. Roof construction: single, double or attic type. The first variety is the easiest to build: a wooden beam is placed on top of a row of foam blocks covered with waterproofing, to which they are tied truss system. A crate is stuffed onto the beams, after which the roof is covered with slate, metal tiles or soft roll materials. To important nuances technologies include the use at this stage of well-seasoned and dry wood that has been treated with flame retardants and antiseptics.

8. Arrangement of floors. The simplest option is a concrete screed; for this, about 15 cm is removed inside the garage top soil, the entire space is carefully rammed and covered with sand and gravel, to prevent moisture from seeping out of concrete over the entire area, a film is spread over the walls. The structure is reinforced with mesh to create flat surface it is recommended to use construction beacons, which are subsequently removed. Special attention paid to the quality of the top layer, in view of the abrasion of its tires to extend the service life, intensively used floors should be treated with hardening compounds or ironed.

9. Wall finishing: plastering or covering with ventilated siding.

During the laying process, foam concrete blocks are immediately corrected, a rubber hammer is used for tapping, level control is carried out on each row. Complex exterior finishing is not required - plastering is enough, but in order to avoid moisture accumulation it is important to leave ventilation holes, ideal option is considered to be forced.

Another way to save money is to abandon the inspection hole, this will reduce the time for building a garage from foam blocks with your own hands and eliminate the risk of filling it with ground moisture. Additional doors are required, if desired, to operate the building not only for cars, but also as an economic one. In regions with heavy rainfall, it is recommended to install a drain to remove moisture from the roofs from the foundation.

The cost of foam blocks

Prices for masonry products of factory quality directly depend on the brand:

If you want to calculate how much it costs to build a garage from foam blocks, they are guided by average price- 14,000 rubles / m2, when implementing a complex two-story project cash investments increase due to the laying of the armored belt. The given prices for building materials do not include the costs of transportation and unloading; when erecting in remote areas, they should be discussed in advance.

I settled on this building material because cellular concrete cheap, lasts a long time and keeps the temperature well. Foam blocks are light, construction is fast.

Advantages of foam blocks

• Fire resistance.
• Cheap, especially for self-construction.
• Environmental friendliness. As part of building material sand, cement and water.
• Blocks can be sawn with an ordinary saw, plastered, painted and glued.
• The walls are smooth without adjustment and plastering, although if desired, the garage can be revetted.
• Blocks can be joined without cement. If you are not sure that you can handle professional masonry, you can use special glue.

Cost calculation

Garages are almost the same size and architectural features, but calculations of the amount of building material still have to be done:

• Wall area. Multiply the height of the wall by the length and add the results. On the front wall will Garage Doors, this should be taken into account when calculating the total area.
• Wall thickness. Usually 20 to 40 cm.
• block density.

For example, let's take a building with parameters of 5 m - long walls, 3 m - end and 2 m - height. For now, we will not take into account the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe goal, but then we need to subtract it.

After simple calculations we get:

1. Square two long walls- 20 sq. m
2. The area of ​​short walls is 12 square meters. m.
3. Total area - 32 sq. m.
4. If the block side size is 200*600mm, each one is 0.12 square meters. m.
5. So, you need to buy 266 blocks (32 sq.m / 0.12 sq.m)

You will have to spend money not only on the construction of walls, the price of foam blocks will be only about 35% of the total investment. You should also take into account the costs of the foundation, floor, roof, gate.

Need to buy

• Sand for the foundation and floor - 5 m3 for 800 rubles. = 4,000 rubles.
• Concrete M 200 - 5 m3 for 3500 rubles. = 17,500 rubles.
• Bituminous mastic - 15 kg - 700 rubles.
• M100 solution for 2,400 rubles. - 5 520 rubles.
• Fittings - 4,000 rubles.
• Two rolls of masonry mesh 15 sq. m = 6,800 rubles.
• Foam blocks 20 × 30 × 60 cm (266 pieces for 150 rubles) = 39,900 rubles.
• Boards 1.5 m3 for 5,000 rubles. = 7,500 rubles.
• Beams 1 m3 × 5,000 rubles. = 5,000 rubles.
• Mineral wool for flooring - 1.5 m3 at 4,300 rubles. = 6 450 rubles.
• Roofing material (metal tile) - 50 m2 for 300 rubles. = 15,000 rubles.
• Fasteners 3 kg x 125 rubles. = 375 rubles.
• Gate - about 25,000 rubles.

Estimated total cost will be about 133,745 rubles.

This building is a sheathed metal sheets from the inside and outer side frame, inside the structure - insulation.

Advantages of a metal profile

• The speed of construction.
• Democratic price.
• Easy assembly.
• The lightness of the material.
• Durability.
• Possibility of transfer.

The main disadvantage of such a garage is low security, since the metal can be easily cut. If you are planning to install a garage in the yard own house, this circumstance can be neglected. The optimal parameters of a garage made of a metal profile are 3 * 6 * 2.3 meters.

I advise you to assemble the design from ready-made kits, which include everything necessary elements. Often there are ads for the sale of such used garages. If the metal is not damaged, you will save a considerable amount. Another option budget garage- installation without a foundation, but this is only possible on dense ground.

The minimum price of a garage at self assembly will be about 50,000 rubles. If you decide to arrange a viewing hole, insulation and communications, the cost will increase to 70,000 rubles. A ready-made insulated complex costs about 150,000 rubles.

Such buildings were once called Finnish houses. Modern designs are shields, insulated mineral wool or polystyrene foam.

Positive characteristics of a garage made of sandwich panels

• The construction is lightweight. A serious foundation for the building is not needed, a foundation that can withstand the weight of the car is enough.
• Special equipment and complex tools are not required.
• Any person with minimal construction skills can assemble the structure.
• Sandwich panels are not afraid of moisture, frost and heat, so you can build a garage at any time.
• Structural elements do not require finishing; after construction, the site remains clean.
• Price wooden garage low.
• The garage is easy to dismantle and move to a new location without loss.
• Construction takes place in the shortest possible time.

To disadvantages wooden houses can be attributed to relative fragility (about 30 years), susceptibility to hacking, freezing at the joints of panels. Most of these shortcomings can be eliminated by sheathing the garage with metal.

The price of sandwich panels

A panel measuring 6,750 by 190 mm and 100 mm thick costs about 1,500 rubles, with polyurethane insulation - 1,625 rubles, with polyisocyanurate foam - 2,500 rubles. For a garage, thick panels are not needed.

For big garage 4 * 7 * 3 m in size, panels with an area of ​​\u200b\u200b58.5 m2 are required, taking into account the dimensions entrance gate. Thus, for the construction it is enough to purchase 7 sandwich panels, the total cost of which will be 11,375 rubles. To this amount must be added the price wooden beam, metal corners, roofs and gates.

Instead of a conclusion

When choosing a material for a garage, proceed from climatic conditions your locality and installation location. In the courtyard of your own house, increased security measures can not be observed, budget sandwich panels are quite suitable, a foam block garage is a universal solution.

The construction of a garage can be carried out from the most different materials, but not all of them are equal in their qualities. On an empty site, it is worth starting with a garage, since even before building a house on a new site, it will be necessary to provide a place to store tools and materials. The benefit of this construction procedure is that it will be possible to park the car, arriving to control the work of the builders.

Peculiarities

In advance, you need to decide exactly how the garage will be made, what the circle of auxiliary functions will be, whether it will be possible to build a structure with your own hands or you will have to turn to specialists. All car storages, depending on the location in relation to the main building, are divided into built-in, attached and autonomous structures. Extensions differ from built-in objects in that they have only one common wall with the house and a single entrance for two structures.

It is important to remember that individual buildings should be placed 9 m from the main dwelling and 10 m from structures in neighboring areas.

The floor of a garage made of foam blocks can be above ground (the entire structure is raised above the ground) or partially underground (with a recess in the ground by 1/3 or ½). Partially underground buildings are built exclusively on dry solid soil, The groundwater in which they lie deep. Underground structures go into the ground up to the roof, and sometimes there is still an earthen layer on it.

The advantages of using a foam block over other types of blocks are:

• cost savings;
• ease of construction;
• no need for strong foundations;
• low thermal conductivity.

Such an attractive structure will also be easy to build, because there is no need for heavy equipment and high costs labor.

The excellent characteristics of foam concrete are explained by its chemical composition and unique manufacturing technology. It allows you to create a porous structure, while preventing the penetration of air bubbles. As a result, compared to aerated concrete structures, the following valuable properties are much more pronounced:

• thermal protection;
• resistance to cold;
• protection from extraneous sounds.

Because the foam block turns out to be ideal solution even for relatively damp terrain. It does not require special exterior finish; in contrast, gas-block structures left open will quickly crack from contact with water. As for the cinder block, it is always heavier and does not provide the necessary warmth to the structure, so it needs to be insulated.

Projects and ideas

Designing a garage is very important, it is no less significant than when building a full-fledged residential building. Usually they try to make a project in the format of a drawing, only with minor difficulties in work can one restrict oneself to drawing up a sketch. Standard variant a foam block garage for 2 cars can always be found on specialized Internet resources or done manually in any graphic editor.

It is important to bear in mind that any plan is supposed not only to be drawn up according to certain rules, but also to be coordinated with supervisory services.

Controllers check:

• whether the specifics of soils and their structure are taken into account;
• whether the project corresponds to the actual level ground water;
• whether the work on drainage and removal of sediments is adequately reflected;
• whether there are violations of the property rights of other persons to land;
• whether the number of storeys of the building and its area are justified;
• whether fire and sanitary safety standards are observed;
• is the building reliable in engineering terms;
• whether the drawings show the arrangement of communications.

For the individual developers themselves, other parameters will be no less significant - the thickness of the walls used structural material, the need for it (how many cubes of foam blocks are needed and how much finishing materials in the end). If you do not work manually, but contact the design company , it will be possible to obtain, in addition to this, an accurate calculation of the cost of the necessary structures. It will not be possible to calculate the need for gas blocks or other types of materials on your own with the same accuracy without having special knowledge at the proper level.

Important nuances

There are quite a few subtleties that must be taken into account. Literally at every stage of the construction of a foam concrete garage, such nuances are present, which is why they must be disassembled in stages.

markup

Marking is carried out in strict accordance with the instructions of the project; stakes and a cord are used for it. The depth of laying the foundation should be below the freezing layer if the soil is prone to heaving (in this case, basements cannot be built or even inspection pits).On dry and dense soil, it is recommended to equip monolithic foundation belt type a.

Many people try to build two-storey garage, in which case it should be at least:

• 6 m from the windows of the nearest neighbor's house;
• 1 m from the border of your own site;
• 3 m from the wall of your own residential building;
• 1 m from the fence (so as not to create excessive shading of crops growing behind it).

But this is all - the requirements of regulations, and for builders greater value has an accurate calculation of the number of foam blocks used. good project provides for sizing, taking into account the organization of inspection pits, basements, the depth of groundwater and soil structure. The typical size of slabs (blocks) is 600x300x200 mm, the thickness of the masonry is 0.2 or 0.3 m. Dividing the length of the walls by the parameters of a separate block, you need to round the result up.

When calculating the number of rows, it is assumed that the typical height of garages is 300 cm (if it differs in a particular case, the figure will be different). The height of one block is 30 cm, that is, with a standard value, you need to put ten rows. Do not forget about the need to subtract the foam blocks to be replaced:

• gates and gates;
• window openings;
• openings for doors.

A garage with dimensions of 5x6x3 m will require approximately 320 units of foam blocks. It is also required to take into account the thickness of the seams and the probable production or transportation defect. The creation of a reserve of 5% helps to avoid additional purchases of material.

Tools

Construction using foam concrete has its own characteristics, and the tools for work are also different. You will definitely need a container where the solution will be mixed, as well as a mixer that facilitates this work. As a kneading device, it is recommended to use a hammer drill, which is more productive than a drill and is able to withstand a significant load. It is recommended to mark the blocks when working with a tape measure, a square and a pencil. Using a special square, mark the sides of the block perpendicularly.

An important role is played by the use of tools for vertical and horizontal evenness., since these parameters determine the strength of the building, the amount of material consumption and the cost of work. This is primarily a level, and experts recommend using several at once. building levels, at least laser and hydraulic types. Especially to give the desired shape to the construction of foam blocks, metal grips are used (angled clamps form outside corners the buildings). You can cut foam concrete with electric and hand tools, adjustment of individual faces is carried out with an ordinary saw or a special saw for processing foam blocks.

Shtroby for laying reinforcement and technical communications they are laid with a wall chaser (the choice between electric and manual mechanisms is determined by the required performance). When the blocks are laid properly, you need to put glue in the form of grooves. It is not difficult to do this work with a “comb” trowel, however, if there is a lot of work to be done, it is recommended to use buckets with serrated edges. The bunker type carriage can have a different width, which is determined by the width of the stacked blocks. With this tool, you can work more accurately, spend less time trimming smudges and reduce consumption. mortar generally.

To trim the stacking of blocks and compact their placement, use rubber hammers. To give accurate geometric shapes and it is advisable to apply relief corrections sandpaper the largest faction.

Foundation

Foam concrete - relatively lightweight material at least compared to brick. Therefore, the selection of the type of foundation is determined by the properties of the soil. Most developers choose strip foundations , and only in the most difficult soil is it recommended to use a pile or monolithic type of construction. The "tape" has two subtypes - with different levels of penetration. Significant penetration into the soil is necessary if groundwater is located above 200-250 cm in depth. When you need to build a small garage on clay earth, experts prefer the columnar option, the depth is calculated as the level of freezing + 0.2 m.

It happens that foam blocks need to be placed on soil with low stability, then apply piles. They can be introduced to a depth of up to 600 cm, which allows you to bypass the upper weak layer and rest directly on stronger layers. If the soil is not only weak, but also prone to heaving, it is recommended to put it down concrete slab. Such a solution is unsuitable for structures of increased massiveness and almost does not tolerate bending effects.

The subtleties of construction

Construction concrete garages of this material provides sufficient functionality of the building - according to technical standards walls with a thickness of 0.3 m are enough, and blocks of industrial production of the D500 format are able to transfer a load of 500 kg per 1 sq. see When buying materials, it is recommended to take not only straight, but also corner blocks - this greatly facilitates and speeds up the work. It is most practical to consider how to properly build a garage from aerated concrete or foam concrete blocks at each stage of work.

Walls: masonry features

As in many other cases, the walls begin to be placed from the corner. The bottom rows are put on standard solution from cement and sand. In order to be able to put the gate, it is recommended to introduce spacer pins 0.4 m long each into the joints between the blocks. The waterproofing layer under the walls is formed from various roll materials, the choice is determined by the specific situation.

The walls are laid, shifting the blocks of each subsequent row by a third of the length. Above the opening where the gate will stand, it is recommended to install cross beam acting as a jumper. Ventilation holes are prepared in the lowest and highest masonry rows (if not installed supply and exhaust system in this project). In the upper part of the structure, an inextricable reinforcing belt is necessarily made.

When it is ready, I-beams are laid at right angles to the direction of the structure, the gap between them is 0.8 m; the tip of each beam should protrude from the wall by 200 mm. Its lower edge will allow you to place a grooved board and prepare the ceiling, put a layer of waterproofing (preferably film), and then a layer of thermal protection. The screed must be 30 mm thick.

If mechanical defects or deviations from the normal plane occur during the laying of foam blocks, they must be immediately eliminated.

Roof: what should be?

In most cases, the roof on garages is made single-pitched, sheathing the floor with boards over steel beams. Where the support points for the beams will be made, monolithic blocks are laid. The boards are covered with roofing felt, the edges of the rolls of which rise up by 100-150 mm, and the roof plane should be at least 0.2 m higher than any wall. A waterproof material is again placed on top of the screed, the same roofing material will cope with this task brilliantly. Waterproofing is overlapped. The roof must be supplemented with a visor, exposed above the entrance to the garage.

Floor device

In a garage made of expanded clay blocks or foam blocks, it is better to equip a strong floor. Even the lightest car or motorcycle, when moving, creates a sufficiently large load that only concrete base. The only place where wood can be used is in areas reserved exclusively for pedestrians. In any case, you will have to take care of the powder:

• crushed stone (120-150 mm);
• then sand (0.1 m);
• and finally - 70-100 mm of gravel.
• All these layers are supposed to be thoroughly rammed, and over the gravel they pour concrete screed from 20 cm and thicker.