How thick should the brace be? Do you need jibs in a frame house if you sheathe osb. The procedure for installing temporary jibs

Reliability frame house, the degree of its resistance to wind, snow, other adverse weather conditions, the service life of such a structure is determined by the rigidity of its design. The most popular method of strengthening the frame is the installation of jibs. Let's figure out whether it is worth spending your time and energy on installing the jibs, or is it quite possible to do without them.

What are jibs, and what are they

Jambs are additional components of the house frame, which provide an increase in the degree of reliability of the structure of the structure and an increase in the life of the building. These elements are usually mounted at an angle of 45°, this figure changes to 60° if the jib is installed near door or window openings, as well as with wall junctions.

Most often, the stalk is wooden beam, made from a board with a section of 25 by 100 mm. In most cases, this size is optimal and the use of larger frame reinforcement elements is usually not advisable. Jambs with the mentioned section strengthen the structure of the house, but at the same time do not make it heavier and do not create an additional load on the foundation.

The jibs are also made of metal. They are heavier and unpopular in Russia. In the USA, on the contrary, metal jibs are mostly found. The advantage of such jibs - small price and high installation speed.

The disadvantage of these jibs in comparison with wooden ones is that the latter resist both compression and stretching, while metal ones resist only stretching. Therefore, when installing metal jibs, you have to put them crosswise for adequate resistance to the changing load vector. In addition, before mounting metal components, it is necessary to carry out additional work for waterproofing.

Stubs can be installed both permanently and temporarily. The need to install temporary jibs arises if the tiled wall cladding (OSB boards) has not yet been equipped, however, the frame structure needs to be strengthened for the duration of this work.

Why you can not do without jibs

The frame house itself is a fairly solid structure, however, its design also needs to be strengthened. The fact is that the components of the frame before installing the jibs are only parallel and perpendicular to each other. This arrangement of the frame elements makes it unstable to ground displacements, wind and other "transverse" loads.

If there are no elements in the frame of the building that provide rigidity, then such a house is at risk of losing the geometry of the structure, deformation of both external and interior decoration. It is possible that under the influence of serious lateral loads, the house can “fold”.

The lack of rigidity of the frame leads to a decrease in the durability of the structure of the house as a whole. Not so radical, but rather unpleasant consequences of the lack of strengthening the frame are heat loss due to the fact that the thermal insulation layer loses its integrity when the walls are displaced.

The result of incorrect distribution of jibs and their insufficient number

So the result correct installation ukosin is:

• prevention of vibrations and destruction of walls under the influence of weather factors;
• no deformation of the walls and internal partitions under load;
• stiffening load-bearing structures;
• more reliable fastening inside the walls thermal insulation materials;
• ensuring uniform distribution of the load between the elements of the frame.

After the installation of the jibs, the frame house building will successfully withstand heavy winds, landslides and even earthquakes. Snow accumulated on the roof winter time, also will not pose a threat to the integrity of the house.

Is there a possibility of waiver

In the role of ukosin recent times plywood sheathing or OSB (Oriented Strand Board) is becoming more and more common. The use of plywood is more justified, since it has a greater coefficient of spatial rigidity in comparison with chipboard and OSB.

Nevertheless, even those frame houses that are sheathed with high-quality plywood, but lack braces, often do not withstand the impacts of the elements, although they are adapted for normal loads under normal conditions.

Jambs can be omitted only during the construction of small frame structures, which are not residential buildings, but have, for example, an economic purpose. So, frame garages, sheds or toilets may well do with sheathing without installing jibs, because due to small area load-bearing elements they are less exposed to wind and other weather loads.

Consequences of a hurricane

You should be aware that the skin in this case must be made of strong material, supplied in the form of relatively large components. Finishing elements must be positioned similarly to jibs - at an angle of 45 °

Common Problems

In order for the jibs to really perform their function with high quality and justify the financial and labor investments in their installation, one should strictly adhere to the basic rules for the installation of these structures.

Here are some setup tips:

• the jibs should be cut into the upper, lower horizontal strapping of the frame and into the vertical racks - this is the only way the frame will become as rigid as possible;
• installation of jibs from the inside is less convenient, but ensures the guaranteed absence of "cold bridges";
• when attaching the jibs to the frame elements, you need to use only nails, but not self-tapping screws;
• on one wall it is quite enough to install only two multidirectional jibs. Greater number reinforcing elements are unlikely to significantly increase the degree of rigidity of the frame;
• installation must be carried out from the central part of the lower beam to the corners at the top. This installation order will provide education right triangle between the stiffeners and the corner post;
• if the jibs are installed exclusively on the external walls of the structure, then most of the static load falls on them, and not on the internal partitions.

Remember: the installation of jibs does not at all guarantee protection of the house from external loads if the material of these elements is not selected correctly or the installation process is carried out with errors.

Consequences of errors in material selection and installation:

• the use of hollow jibs - the degree of their wear resistance is low;
• a similar problem occurs when choosing jibs with a small cross section and generally low-quality lumber;
• choice as jibs of strips or metal bands for big houses- such reinforcing elements are more suitable for small buildings;
• the use of poorly dried wood - after drying, gaps form in the areas of component connections and the rigidity of the structure decreases;
• installation of jibs in the corners is fraught with a decrease in the stability index of the structure as a whole.

Obviously, the use of jibs - required condition strengthening the frame house. Structures in which such a solution was implemented will last long enough long term, during which they will successfully withstand the elements and other loads. Thus, the jibs will actually insure the owner from much big losses than those associated with the manufacture and installation of these elements.

For what purposes are the jibs put in frame house? When are they needed and when can you do without them? What are the jibs and how to install them correctly?

The basis of the frame house, as the name implies, is the internal frame. It is from him that the strength and durability of the house mainly depends. Therefore, it is very important to purchase for the frame quality materials and assemble correctly.

Most often, wood is used for the frame. conifers, much less frequently deciduous species and metal. For racks that accept vertical load, glued laminated timber is best. Jumpers that distribute the vertical load are made of boards.

Stages of building a frame house:

• foundation device;
• laying the bars of the lower trim and fastening them to the foundation;
• installation of racks;
• installation of the upper tier;
• strengthening the frame;
• mounting ceiling beams and roofing;
• warming;
• exterior and interior decoration.

The frame is a fairly massive structure made of durable material. Why is additional strengthening of the frame carried out (fifth stage), and is it possible to do without it?

Why are braces needed?

All parts in the frame are parallel and perpendicular to each other, so they are not resistant to lateral loads, such as “walking” the ground, snow or wind.

To give the necessary rigidity, jibs are built into the frame. These are diagonal elements that will not only stabilize the structure, but also keep the outer sides of the house from “walking” in or out.

If there are no stiffening elements in the building, it may lose its geometry, which will lead to deformation of the external and internal finishes. Strong side loads they can even "fold" the house. Less noticeable consequences are heat loss due to a violation of the integrity of the insulation layer and a decrease in the durability of the house. Thus, the installation of these elements is fully justified, despite the additional costs of materials, labor and time.

Sometimes, instead of jibs, spacers are placed between the uprights, which is less laborious. However, such struts add only vertical stiffness and do not prevent "folding".

Installation of permanent jibs

Let's figure out how to properly put the jibs that will stand in the house throughout the entire service life.

Stiffeners should be placed not only in external walls, but also in partitions.

Ideally, if the installation angle is 45 °. However, due to window and doorways it is not always possible to comply with it. In this case, you can increase the angle up to 60°.

Installation is carried out from the center of the lower wall beam to the upper corners. As a result, the stiffeners form a right triangle with the corner post.

In places where door and window frames are installed, it is better to direct the jib from the corners to these openings in order to further secure these elements.

For a snug fit, it is necessary to cut the jibs into the frame elements, cutting grooves of the required depth and width. Properly mounted jibs fit snugly to the frame elements and do not interfere with sheathing.

At least two parts must be placed on each wall and placed along the edges where the outer corners are.

In order for the house to be stabilized in both directions, one jib per outer wall do with an inclination to the left, the other on opposite end the same wall - with an inclination to the right.

For ease of installation, it is better to place the stiffeners with outer side walls. However, if you follow the laws of thermal physics, then it is more efficient to install them with inside. So they will increase the heat transfer of insulated walls less.

Fastening is done with nails: 2-3 pcs. for connection with a rack and 3 pcs. - with top and bottom strapping. Self-tapping screws for the construction of a frame house can not be used.

Sometimes builders make stiffeners from the remains of boards and attach them only in accessible places. You can't do that. It is necessary to use boards whose length is not less than a third more than the distance from the floor to the ceiling of the house.

The stiffeners must be full-bodied, without voids. best material for them - a board made of coniferous wood 25 mm thick. Thicker and therefore more expensive boards are not necessary. Firstly, even such materials perfectly perform their functions. Secondly, the jib cuts into the frame, and the greater its thickness, the greater the likelihood of weakening the frame.

The boards must be well dried. If they are too wet, then with further drying, the gap between them and the frame elements expands and the rigidity of the structure decreases.

The insulation along the edges of the boards used for spreading and stiffening must be cut to their thickness. Otherwise, air bags will form along the edges, which will negatively affect the thermal insulation of the house.

Installation of temporary jibs

Temporary stiffeners are placed at the third stage of construction, if permanent ones are not planned. They fix the corner and intermediate posts so that they do not “walk” until they are fixed. top harness.

In addition, temporary elements are installed to align frame walls. This avoids distortions that make interior decoration difficult.

How to make temporary braces? First you need to align the corners with a plumb line or level. Then the boards are mounted, overlaid, in increments of 1.2 to 1.5 m. It is better not to save on their number. They are attached to the upper and lower trim with nails. Before sheathing, temporary embedded elements are removed.

When building a reliable frame house, you need to know the main rule - installing jibs. The jib is an important, one of the main elements to ensure the rigidity and stability of the structure of your wooden house. Without a part, the house will be shaky, easily succumbed to the forces of nature, and the service life will be reduced tenfold.

Jaws: necessity or myth

There is an opinion among the people, "myths" about the need for jibs:

1. jib- This extra costs time and money in construction. So, people far from the construction business can argue. As mentioned earlier, the fundamental role of this structural element lies in its rigidity. Resistance to gusts of wind, heavy snowfall is practically reduced to zero.
2. They can be replaced outer skin. You can do without them if you are going to build a barn or other outbuilding. However, the exterior finish must be of tiled material or finishing boards should be at a 45 degree angle.
3. For internal walls (partitions) they can be neglected. In this case, the load taken by the structure of the house from wind, snow on the roof and the static load from the roof itself will be taken only by the outer walls. Partitions without braces will undergo deformation, and the entire interior finish will be broken and cracks will appear.
4. Spacers- these are stings. Often developers confuse spacers with jibs. In construction, spacers are used when the height of the walls is 3 m or more. This is done to eliminate the "spring" effect on the board. But they do not give the structure of the house the necessary rigidity and stability in three-dimensional space.

Jambs in a frame house are a must!

If you still doubt the installation of jibs when building a house and hope that they can be replaced with sheet sheathing or slabs (chipboard, OSB), then on the Internet you can find a lot of photos of houses without jibs that refute your hopes.

Consider what the use of jibs gives when building a house:

• Without the use of these parts, the frame and the whole house will not have sufficient reliability and durability.
• Prevent deformation and damage to the exterior and interior of the house.
• Eliminate the "walking" of the inter-wall insulation.
• Stabilizes the house and prevents it from folding.
• wind load, the "snow" load lying on the roof, and the static load from the roof itself are distributed evenly over the entire frame structure at home.

Correct jibs

In the construction of a frame house, it is important not only to provide for the presence of jibs, but also to make and fix them correctly:

1. Angle of jib installation - 45° (perfect angle for maximum rigidity). Where there are doors and window openings maintaining this angle is not always possible. Therefore, an angle of 60 ° is allowed, and an increase in the angle is compensated by an increase in the number of jibs.
2. Do not use hollow jibs. An exception may be small one-story buildings with flexible diagonal connections.
3. Correctly install the jibs from the bottom from the center of the wall up to the overlap of the vertical rack with top strap. At the top, the jibs should fit snugly (without gaps) against the edges of the uprights and the top floor.
4. When installing jibs under them in vertical racks, in the upper and lower trim, it is necessary to make grooves for the jibs. The depth of the groove is performed depending on the thickness of the jibs. In a steel frame, the jibs should go inward metal profile racks.
5. The cross-sectional dimensions of the jibs are calculated depending on the requirements of SNiP for each region separately.
6. Attach the corner stiffeners to each upright with two nails.

Mistakes that can be made when installing jibs:

• Use of wood with unnatural moisture. With further drying, the boards “dry out” and gaps form in tight joints. The rigidity of the structure is significantly reduced.
• The cross-sectional dimensions of the frame elements are smaller needed to resist the stress.
• The use of low-quality lumber.
• Place the jib in the corners. It leads to a decrease in the rigidity and stability of the structure.

The consequences of building a frame house without jibs

Refusal to use jibs in the construction of a frame house can lead to disastrous consequences:

• house destruction under the influence of snow and wind loads;
• plywood outer cladding(it has the highest degree of spatial rigidity in comparison with chipboard, OSB, etc.) does not provide the necessary rigidity;
• under the influence of ground movement, the house itself can “walk”;

Temporary jibs

Installation of temporary jibs necessary step at the stage of construction of the frame of the house. They are used:

• During the installation of corner posts. Temporary braces prevent the connection of the corner post with the lower trim from loosening until the upper trim is installed.
• For leveling frame walls and elimination of subsequent problems during the installation of doors, windows, interior and exterior finish. When the doors are not hung, and the finishing plates do not converge in the corner.
• For installing and leveling roof rafters.

The procedure for installing temporary jibs:

1. Align the corners first. For this operation, you can use the usual plumb line, bubble or laser level. You can also use the "American" method. Fix the level on a board as long as the height of the wall.
2. Temporary jibs are attached with blocks, fixed at the bottom to the floor or platform, at the top to the upper lags.
3. The jib installation step is from 1.2m to 1.5m. They are made from an inch board (section 25x150 mm).

With the help of temporary jibs, significant defects can be corrected by creating the necessary leverage.

Do-it-yourself jibs

The jibs, although a crucial element of the frame house, but making them with your own hands will not be particularly difficult:

1. As a rule, a board with a section of 25x100 mm is used.(for areas with increased wind load, a section of 50x100 mm is recommended). The length of the board should be 30% longer than the height of the wall.
2. Apply to vertical posts at an angle of 45 - 60 °(depending on the design of the wall, where as it turns out). We mark the grooves in the racks, in the upper and lower lags. The jib should come out of the center of the wall, the top is directed to the side upper corner racks, the bottom, if possible, is taken to the maximum distance.
3. Ordinary hacksaw or hand circular saw cut the grooves and remove the tree with a chisel. The corners of the jib itself are also cut along the outsole.
4. The jib should fit snugly into the grooves made, for maximum rigidity.
5. In places of window and door openings, it is recommended to place the jibs from the corner to the opening. Thus, additional fastening of racks of apertures is carried out.
6. The jibs are fastened with nails of 2 pcs. for each vertical stand and 3 pcs. on the top and bottom trim.

By following these jib building steps, you'll get the stiffness you need to handle wind and snow loads.

Jambs in a frame house

We continue a series of texts about the nodes of the walls of a frame house. Finally, we got to the jigs. Frame house jibs- an important element of the wall, which is needed so that the house does not fold in any direction after construction. If you have read news about negligent builders on the forum, you have probably seen such situations.

In order for your frame house to stand for a long time and firmly, jibs cut into the racks of the walls of the frame house.

Important: the jib of the frame house should cut at an angle of 45-60 degrees into both trims (lower and upper). Sometimes the second upper trim also crashes (as in the picture above), but less often.

Video on how to embed a jib in a frame house? How to do it in 1 minute

jib must be used if slab sheathing (OSB-3, plywood) is not planned on the walls. With slab sheathing, jibs are not needed, it is more than 5 times stronger than jibs (if it is OSB or 12 mm plywood). But for a frame one-story house, jibs are enough.

In any case (with or without slab sheathing), you will need temporary jibs.

Temporary jibs in a frame house

Temporary braces are used at the stage immediately after the walls are raised, while they are not yet fixed on top with floor lags, and slab sheathing is not installed. Temporary jibs help the walls not to fall anywhere and stand in a given place. It is better not to save on the number of boards, then they are easy to remove.

It all looks like this:

Little bonus:
How to raise a paneled wall(a photo). Note that even with slab sheathing, the builder puts temporary jibs.

Although this is not often done, maybe someone will decide that it is more convenient for him this way. I did not translate, everything seems to be clear.

Little bonus #2:
How to fix the second upper wall trim frame (photo)

Ask questions in the comments or personally to me in individual consultations, and I also remind you that our design team will develop for you individual project frame house in accordance with all your wishes.

Ukosina - obliquely installed timber, whose purpose is to support vertical structure or part of it.

In construction, they are used to increase the rigidity of the frame. Jambs in a frame house are installed to increase the stability and strength of the frame.

Frame house, the role of the jib

In Russia, frame houses began to be built after many years of their construction in America and Europe. Canadian and Finnish frame technologies have been formed. Accumulated vast experience frame construction. All mistakes, shortcomings and their impact on the operation of houses are summarized in the Rules or the Code. Some of its provisions have been translated and included in the Code of Rules for Design and Construction frame houses operating in Russia. The code allows you to use someone else's experience, build frame houses without errors from available materials. Unfortunately, in practice, the rules are distorted due to the desire to reduce the cost and simplify construction. The alteration takes place at the level of design, choice of materials, and construction itself. As a result, consumers have a misconception about wireframe technology, operational qualities such houses.

Racks, logs and floors are at right angles or parallel to each other. Without the use of special stabilizing elements, the house can "fold". Such an element is a jib, a bar installed and fixed at an angle to the uprights. A house with walls containing such reinforcing elements can withstand any gusts of wind, earthquakes.

Among Russian builders, the opinion has spread that jibs for a frame house are optional. Despite this, such an element of the foundation of the house is extremely necessary. Sheathing with slabs can replace them only when creating small household buildings. The absence of jibs for a residential building threatens with destruction, which begins with the deformation of the interior and exterior finishes, the displacement of the heat-insulating layer.

Expert opinion

Mikhail Fromov

Ask an expert

In frame houses being built at the beginning, jibs were not always used. Instead, the house was sheathed with boards set at 45 °, herringbone. Many years of experience have proven the unreliability of this method; it is used for non-residential buildings of a small area.

Ways to increase the rigidity of the foundation of the house

To increase the stability of the frame, apply:

1. The wooden jib is set at an angle of 45 °. If adjacent walls, door or window openings do not allow maintaining just such an angle, it is increased to 60 °, sometimes more. The increase in angle should be compensated by installing more elements on the wall. For reliable stabilization of the frame, a board of 25 X 100 mm is sufficient, embedded in the boards of the upper and lower trim. The use of planks of a larger cross section leads to unreasonable costs for materials. The lower edge of the plank is placed closer to the center of the house, the upper - to the perimeter. Wooden jibs are strong, slightly weight the frame, withstand tensile and compression loads.
2. Metal jibs most common in North America, in Russia they are rarely used due to their significant weight and susceptibility to corrosion. They attract low cost and quick installation. Metal jibs are also cut into the upper and lower skins, but they are installed in a cross. This is due to the fact that metal strips can only withstand tensile loads and cannot withstand compression. The installation of two elements in a cross allows you to compensate for loads in any direction.
3. External sheathing with plywood or oriented strand boards. Attached to the posts and boards of the lower trim, they form a triangle.

Which method to choose depends on specific conditions: building area, climate, purpose, number of storeys. A combination of jib material is possible.

Expert opinion

Mikhail Fromov

Construction of houses, outbuildings, terraces and verandas.

Ask an expert

Struts should not be confused with struts. Spacers have a different purpose, they are installed according to completely different rules. The spacer serves to eliminate the spring effect of the boards when high altitude walls (from 3 m).

What does the lack of stabilizing elements lead to, their incorrect installation

Illiterate approach to design frame buildings leads to loss of strength, durability of the house. In the absence of jibs in load-bearing walls and partitions, the structure does not withstand even one year. They resist displacement, lateral loads. An engineering calculation is required, taking into account the maximum snow and wind loads.

What to consider when installing a jib

In order for the jib to reliably strengthen the frame of the building, when installing it, you must follow the rules:

1. The plank thickness is up to one-fourth of the wall thickness.
2. The jib is cut into the strapping boards and wall racks flush.
3. At least two elements are installed on one wall in different sides: Tilt one to the left, the other to the right.
4. If the jib is installed before the wall is raised, in a lying position, then it is not worth fixing it rigidly, so that after installing the wall in a vertical position, the bar can be adjusted.
5. It is more rational to install jibs on the inside of the wall from the point of view of the formation of cold bridges. FROM outside more convenient to mount. The choice of the side of the wall does not affect the diagonal stiffness.

Temporary elements

Temporary braces support the walls after they have been erected until they are permanently fixed to the floor joists, and the sheathing is installed.

Expert opinion

Mikhail Fromov

Construction of houses, outbuildings, terraces and verandas.

Ask an expert

Temporary braces are not installed flush, they are mounted on the outside so that it is easy to remove without disturbing appearance, structural strength.

The widespread opinion among the people that the installation of jibs - extra spending time, money - a harmful myth. Their absence shortens the life of the house, makes it vulnerable to climatic conditions, wind loads. it necessary element reliable frame of the building, responsible for its rigidity, saving is inappropriate. In most cases, it cannot be replaced with sheathing. In order for the jibs to cope with their task, it is necessary to strictly follow all the rules when installing it.

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necessity or myth?

There is an opinion that jibs in a frame house are not needed, and that they can be completely replaced exterior finish. Unfortunately, this is not entirely true, and if for small buildings, such as a utility block, they can not be used, subject to finishing board material, then for a residential building they are required.

It is the braces that are needed, and not the spacers between the racks, for which illiterate builders try to replace them, without taking into account the physics of processes and loads. Such spacers only eliminate the “spring” effect of the board. They are used when the height of the rack is more than 3m with a section of 50 * 150, or when using a board of small thickness 40x150mm, for a house with more than one floor. Spacers do not add spatial rigidity to the frame, only vertical.

For spatial rigidity, it is necessary to use jibs, and preferably full-bodied or wooden ones, although the standards allow for the use of flexible diagonal ties made of metal tapes, plates and studs for small buildings.

The ideal angle of the jib is 45 degrees, but it is not always possible to set them at this angle. Adjoining walls, windows and doorways reduce the installation angle to 60 degrees or more. It can be compensated large quantity installed jibs on one wall.

In our projects, on walls from 6m we put 4 jibs at an angle of 50-60 degrees, on walls of a longer length there can be more jibs and at an angle closer to 45 degrees.

Jambs in a frame house are a must!

The consequences of building a frame house without jibs

The houses in the photographs below were built in compliance with all strict American and Canadian standards. frame housing construction, but even this was not a panacea, and did not save the houses from destruction, with large snow and wind loads. Please note that instead of OSB, plywood was used, which has a much greater spatial rigidity and can withstand a large load without visible deformation. But this, unfortunately, did not save the house from destruction.

The reason for the destruction was the lack of braces both in the load-bearing walls and in the partitions, which were supposed to withstand lateral loads and displacement. The lack of a banal calculation of loads, which any designer-engineer had to do in the first place, affected.

It is important to select the technology for each building, what, according to the norms, is suitable for a frame toilet, most likely will not be suitable for a frame house due to large wind and snow loads.

Winds for evil

Small construction technology from Lari Khon

In this manual, very good description device and method of strengthening the frame house. Enough lately a large number of"builders", and private developers, began to build frame houses, but, as practice shows, not all of them understand what a frame house needs to stand for decades, and not just until the moment when the builders move out at the end of construction. A well-known master, builder and professional in his field, Lari Khon, shared the generally accepted standards for construction, given in the description above and in the video below.

And another small selection of photos

These houses were built quite recently, one of them is not even a year old. The builders felt that the jibs and OSB were a waste of money and time. What came out of it, you can see below in the photos. In the second house, apparently, there were only a few braces in the outer walls, but in the partitions there are already new, temporary braces that do not allow the house to tilt further and apparently were no longer installed by the builders, but by the customer. We, in our homes and projects, try to use braces both in walls and in partitions. When building a house according to our project, you will spend no more than half a day on all the jibs in total, but they will help to avoid many problems. Some short-sighted or inexperienced builders will insist that the jibs are not needed and that they will be replaced by a complete exterior cladding, but unfortunately practice has shown that this is not the case. Only OSB, jibs and quality assembly will help you build a good and reliable home!

Correct jibs

Video duration 1:11 min.

Video on inserting a jib from Larry Khon, with a high brand let-in brace.

• A phased description of the construction of a frame house
• How to quickly and efficiently build a frame house? 10 building rules
• Video on construction and technology
• Construction technology of frame houses

There is an opinion that jibs in a frame house are not needed, and that they can be completely replaced by exterior finishes. Unfortunately, this is not entirely true, and if for small buildings, such as a utility block, they can not be used, provided that they are finished with slab material, then they are mandatory for a residential building.

It is the braces that are needed, and not the spacers between the racks, for which illiterate builders try to replace them, without taking into account the physics of processes and loads. Such spacers only eliminate the “spring” effect of the board. They are used when the height of the rack is more than 3m with a section of 50 * 150, or when using a board of small thickness 40x150mm, for a house with more than one floor. Spacers do not add spatial rigidity to the frame, only vertical.

For spatial rigidity, it is necessary to use jibs, and preferably full-bodied or wooden ones, although the standards allow for the use of flexible diagonal ties made of metal tapes, plates and studs for small buildings.

The ideal angle of the jib is 45 degrees, but it is not always possible to set them at this angle. Adjacent walls, windows, and doorways reduce installation angles to 60 degrees or more. This can be compensated by a large number of installed jibs on one wall.

In our projects, on walls from 6m we put 4 jibs at an angle of 50-60 degrees, on walls of a longer length there can be more jibs and at an angle closer to 45 degrees.

Jambs in a frame house are a must!

The consequences of building a frame house without jibs

The houses in the photographs below were built in compliance with all strict American and Canadian frame housing standards, but even this was not a panacea, and did not save the houses from destruction, with heavy snow and wind loads. Please note that instead of OSB, plywood was used, which has a much greater spatial rigidity and can withstand a large load without visible deformation. But this, unfortunately, did not save the house from destruction.

The reason for the destruction was the lack of braces both in the load-bearing walls and in the partitions, which were supposed to withstand lateral loads and displacement. The lack of a banal calculation of loads, which any designer-engineer had to do in the first place, affected.

It is important to select the technology for each building, what, according to the norms, is suitable for a frame toilet, most likely will not be suitable for a frame house due to large wind and snow loads.

Winds for evil

Small construction technology from Lari Khon

This manual gives a very good description of the device and method of strengthening the frame house. Recently, a sufficiently large number of "builders", and private developers, began to build frame houses, but, as practice shows, not all of them understand what a frame house needs to stand for decades, and not just until the moment when The builders will move out when construction is completed. A well-known master, builder and professional in his field, Lari Khon, shared the generally accepted standards for construction, given in the description above and in the video below.

And another small selection of photos

These houses were built quite recently, one of them is not even a year old. The builders felt that the jibs and OSB were a waste of money and time. What came out of it, you can see below in the photos. In the second house, apparently, there were only a few braces in the outer walls, but in the partitions there are already new, temporary braces that do not allow the house to tilt further and apparently were no longer installed by the builders, but by the customer. We, in our homes and projects, try to use braces both in walls and in partitions. When building a house according to our project, you will spend no more than half a day on all the jibs in total, but they will help to avoid many problems. Some short-sighted or inexperienced builders will insist that the jibs are not needed and that they will be replaced by a complete exterior cladding, but unfortunately practice has shown that this is not the case. Only OSB, jibs and high-quality assembly will allow you to build a good and reliable house!

You need to know the main rule - the installation of jibs. The jib is an important, one of the main elements to ensure the rigidity and stability of the structure of your wooden house. Without this detail, the house will be shaky, easily exposed to the forces of nature, and its service life will be reduced tenfold.

Jaws: necessity or myth

There is an opinion among the people, "myths" about the need for jibs:
1. jibs are an extra waste of time and money during construction. So, people far from the construction business can argue. As mentioned earlier, the fundamental role of this structural element lies in its rigidity.
2. They can be replaced with outer skin. You can do without them if you are going to build a barn or other outbuilding. However, the exterior trim must be tiled or trim boards must be at a 45-degree angle.
3. For internal walls (partitions), they can be neglected. In this case, the load perceived by the structure of the house, from wind, snow on the roof and static load from the roof itself will be perceived only outer walls. Partitions without braces will undergo deformation, and the entire interior finish will be broken and cracks will appear.
4. Struts are jibs. Often developers confuse spacers with jibs. In construction, spacers are used when the height of the walls is 3 m or more. This is done to eliminate the "spring" effect on the board. But they do not give the structure of the house the necessary rigidity and stability in three-dimensional space.

Jambs in a frame house are a must!

If you still doubt the installation of jibs when building a house and hope that they can be replaced with sheet sheathing or slabs (chipboard, OSB), then on the Internet you can find a lot of photos of houses without jibs that refute your hopes.

Consider what the use of jibs gives when building a house:
Without the use of these parts, the frame and the whole house will not have sufficient reliability and durability.
Prevents deformation and damage to the exterior and interior of the house.
Eliminates the "walking" of the interwall insulation.
Stabilizes the house and prevents it from folding.
Wind load, "snow" load and static load from the roof itself are distributed evenly over the entire frame structure of the building.

Correct jibs

In the construction, it is important not only to provide for the presence of jibs, but also to make and fix them correctly:
1. The jib installation angle is 45 ° (ideal angle, provides maximum structural rigidity). In places where there are door and window openings, it is not always possible to maintain this angle. Therefore, an angle of 60 ° is allowed, and an increase in the angle is compensated by an increase in the number of jibs.
2. Do not use hollow jibs. An exception may be small one-story buildings with flexible diagonal connections.
3. Correctly install the jibs from the bottom from the center of the wall up to the ceiling of the vertical rack with the top trim. At the top, the jibs should fit snugly (without gaps) against the edges of the uprights and the top floor.
4. When installing jibs under them in vertical racks, in the upper and lower trim, it is necessary to make grooves for the jibs. The depth of the groove is performed depending on the thickness of the jibs. In a steel frame, the jibs must go inside the metal profile of the racks.
5. Cross-sectional dimensions of jibs are calculated depending on the requirements of SNiP for each region separately.
6. Fasten the corner stiffeners to each upright with two nails.

Mistakes that can be made when installing jibs:

Use of wood with unnatural moisture. With further drying, the boards “dry out” and gaps form in tight joints. The rigidity of the structure is significantly reduced.
The cross-sectional dimensions of the frame elements are smaller than necessary to resist the loads.
The use of low-quality lumber.
Placement of jibs in the corners. It leads to a decrease in the rigidity and stability of the structure.

The consequences of building a frame house without jibs
Refusal to use jibs in the construction of a frame house can lead to disastrous consequences:
destruction of the house under the influence of snow and wind loads;
outer skin plywood (it has a high degree of spatial rigidity compared to chipboard, OSB, etc.) does not provide the necessary rigidity;
under the influence of soil movement, the house can "walk" by itself;

Temporary jibs
The installation of temporary braces is a necessary step at the stage of erection of the building frame. They are used:
During the installation of corner posts. Temporary braces prevent the connection of the corner post with the lower trim from loosening until the upper trim is installed.
For leveling stud walls and resolving the following issues when installing doors, windows, interior and exterior trim. When the doors are not hung, and the finishing plates do not converge in the corner.
For installing and leveling roof rafters.

The procedure for installing temporary jibs:
1. First, align the corners. For this operation, you can use a bubble or laser level. You can also use the "American" method. Fix the level on a board as long as the height of the wall.
2. Temporary braces are fastened with blocks fixed below to the floor or platform, above to the upper lags.
3. The installation step of the jibs is from 1.2 m to 1.5 m. They are made from a board with a section of 25x150 mm.
With the help of temporary jibs, significant defects can be corrected by creating the necessary leverage.

Do-it-yourself jibs

The jibs, although a crucial element of the frame house, but making them yourself will not be particularly difficult:
1. As a rule, a board with a section of 25x100 mm is used (for areas with increased wind load, a section of 50x100 mm is recommended). The length of the board should be 30% longer than the height of the wall.
2. We apply to vertical posts at an angle of 45 - 60 ° (depending on the design of the wall, where it works). We mark the grooves in the racks, from the upper to the lower lags. The jib should come from the center of the wall, the top is directed towards the upper corner of the rack, the bottom, if possible, is taken to the maximum distance.
3. With a regular hacksaw or hand-held circular saw, we make grooves and remove the tree with a chisel. The corners of the jib itself are also cut along the outsole.
4. The jib should fit snugly into the grooves made to ensure maximum rigidity.
5. In the places of window and door openings, it is recommended to place the jibs from the corner to the hole. Thus, additional fastening of racks of apertures is carried out.
6. The jibs are fastened with nails, 2 pcs. for each vertical rack and 3 pcs. on the top and bottom trim.
By following these jib building steps, you'll get the stiffness you need to handle wind and snow loads.