Many owners are increasingly paying attention to foreign variations of familiar plants, which differ not only in appearance, but also in life expectancy and care. Today we will talk about American maple, learn how to use it and learn how to care for this plant.
Description and biological features
Based on the foregoing, we can conclude that planting a plant requires constant attention, without which a small tree in a few years turns into a huge thicket, which not only occupies an area and destroys pavement, but also spoils the view of the street.
Decorative and garden forms
Let's discuss decorative variations of the American maple that look much better in the garden than the wild version.
California variation that grows up to 5-7 m in height. The leaf plates are painted in a yellowish color, which distinguishes this plant in the garden. 
A fast-growing plant begins to bloom only 9 years after planting. Flowering lasts 10 days. It is worth noting good frost resistance and a high percentage of rooting cuttings, however, we note that the tree is short-lived.
Important! A similar variation of Kelly's Gold has the worst frost resistance and can freeze slightly in the Moscow region.
The variation has the same maximum height as the previous "candidate". The maximum diameter is 4-6 m, which is why Aureo-variegatum has the appearance of a shrub.
The leaves are colored green, however, unlike other forms, they have yellow stripes, which not only color the "fields" in golden color, but also cover the central part of the plate. Main features: high winter hardiness, lack of flowering and good rooting of summer cuttings. 
Shrub, which has impressive dimensions - up to 5 meters. Leaf plates have a yellow frame, which brightens over time. 
Maple Flamingo in terms of cultivation and care does not differ from the "elegant" version. It has the same dimensions, but the leaf plates have mysterious pink blotches that appear when the leaves are fully bloomed.
The frame is painted in the same color. Unfortunately, with age, the leaf loses its fancy pink colors, replacing them with white. 
It can be both a tree and a shrub, having a height of up to 7 meters. The edges of the leaves are painted in cream color, which at the time of leaf blooming has a pink tint.
Some plates may have a solid cream color, replacing the green color. This form is considered the most spectacular, although its growth rate is inferior to the previous ones, and the fragility of the shoots leaves much to be desired.
Did you know? Burning dry American maple wood helps to clean soot from the chimney.
Planting seedlings
It's time to discuss the rules for planting young trees. We'll start with general recommendations and end with the highlights.
Initially, a pit is prepared with parameters of 50x50x70 cm. Next, a soil mixture is prepared, which includes 3 parts of humus, 2 parts of soddy soil and 1 part of sand. Such a substrate will be fertile and have good drainage properties.
When planting, we exclude the formation of "air pockets" near the roots, lightly tamping the soil as the hole fills. It is necessary to deepen the seedling to the root collar, which should be above the soil.
After planting, we pour 15 liters of water under the root and mulch the soil so that in the future we do not waste time on weeding and weed control.
If trees are planted as a hedge, then the distance between plants in a row should be within 1.5-2 m, if trees are planted to decorate the garden, then the distance between seedlings should be at least 3 m. 
Note that the plant is light-loving, so you should not “hide” it under the crown of another tree. It is neutral to soils, it can grow even on salt marshes. However, it is desirable that the soil be slightly acidic.
How fast is growing
Speaking of rapid growth, everyone represents something different. Yes, American maple does not grow at the speed of bamboo, however, adding 50 cm per year, the plant very quickly reaches an impressive height and trunk diameter.
It is worth noting that over the years, the growth rate is reduced, so you will not be able to get a "mini sequoia".
Speaking of maple, most people usually represent the most common maple in the broad-leaved forests of the European part of Russia. . Who hasn't picked its five-lobed yellow-orange leaves in the fall? Meanwhile, the kind Maple (Acer) has more than 150 species of trees and shrubs. Many of them have established themselves as magnificent park plants, elegant in autumn with bright yellow, orange, red, purple, pinkish foliage. Some species remain decorative throughout the season, as they have expressive flowers or brightly colored lionfish. All types of honey plants are very valuable, as they bloom at a time when there are few honey plants.
In nature, representatives of the genus are distributed in Europe, Western, Central and East Asia, in the Himalayas, in North and Central America. Usually they are components of broad-leaved forests, but sometimes they are found as an admixture with conifers. On the territory of Russia, 25 species naturally grow, about 45 species are introduced.
Among the maples there are both large and small trees and shrubs.
Of the large trees, the most common is Norway Maple. (Acerplatanoides), a plant of lowland forests that has earned a reputation as one of the most beautiful and reliable breeds for alleys and parks. Tree up to 30 m tall, with a dense ovoid crown, on open space grows more spreading.
Considering that this tree familiar to us has unusual decorative forms, among which there are varieties with constantly red foliage. (Crimson King, Reitenbachii, Faascen's Black, etc.), with a white or yellow border around the edge of the leaf blade (Drummondii, Aurea), with deeply dissected leaf lobes (Laciniatum) as well as with spherical (globosum,Goldenglobe,RubraGlobe) and pyramidal crown (Columnare,Olmstedt,CrimsonSentry,EmeraldQueen.), which does not require special pruning, then it can be safely attributed to the most decorative woody plants.
Another tall one is false plane maple (Acerpseudoplataniodes) from the mountain forests of the Caucasus, up to 40 m in height, with a powerful, up to 2 m in diameter, trunk, and a dense tent-shaped crown. This maple is a long-liver, can live up to 250 years.
The North American introducer Silver Maple has the same height. (Acersaccharin) with silver-white carved leaves from the inside, a see-through crown and beautiful drooping branches. In the conditions of the Moscow region, young branches freeze slightly and break under the weight of snow. Despite its drought resistance, in nature it often grows along the banks, for which it received the name "water maple" in its homeland. Openwork and airy variety "Laciniatum".
field maple (Acercampestre),small-leaved maple (Acermono) , (Acertegmentosum), Ash-leaved maple (Acernegundo)- trees medium size, up to 15 m.
field maple (Acer campestre) quite common in the European part of Russia. It is a fairly slow growing species, often growing as a dense shrub. It tolerates shearing well and is attractive for hedges. One of the best views for landscaping, has many elegant forms, especially decorative spring and autumn.
Maple mono or small-leaved (Acermono) - Far Eastern, widely spreading tree. The leaves resemble Norway maple, but are smaller in size. In urban conditions, it is quite stable due to the dense texture of the leaves. It reduces urban noise well, therefore it is used in forest park plantings.
(Acertegmentosum) easily recognizable by the beautiful greenish-gray bark with longitudinal white stripes. Yes, and his leaves are wonderful - shallow three-lobed, thin, a bit reminiscent of linden in their texture and outlines, the same golden yellow color in autumn.
Ash-leaved maple (Acer negundo) came to us from North America, and due to the high growth rate and abundant self-seeding behaved like a real weed, for which he received the nickname "scoundrel". Due to the fragility of the branches, it does not tolerate winds and the severity of snow, therefore, despite its unpretentiousness, it has not earned the respect of landscapers. But its varieties with variegated leaves, reaching only 5-7 m in height, are very decorative and not so aggressive. Especially interesting variety "Flamingo" with white-green-pink foliage.
Or riverine (Acerginnala) grows as a bush, up to 6 m tall. It has elongated three-lobed leaves, which acquire a rich crimson color in autumn, which looks great against the background. coniferous plants. Low growth allows it to be used in the landscape for single and group plantings, edges, banks of a reservoir. It cuts well and forms densely leafy hedges, up to borders 0.5 m high.
(Acer tataricum)- Shrub or small tree up to 8 m tall. It stands out among maples with atypical whole leaves and the highest winter hardiness. It is especially decorative during the fruiting period due to pink-red lionfish, and the red-leaved form "Rubra" becomes most decorative in autumn. It tolerates shearing well, can be used for hedges.
Species of Far Eastern origin, low in stature, are valued when creating oriental gardens not only for their openwork foliage, but also for the sculptural curved lines of branches. Is it palm-shaped maple or fan (Acerpalmatum), with openwork open leaves, blazing in autumn, and false-sibold maple (Acerpseudosieboldianum), which can successfully replace it where higher winter hardiness is needed (including in the conditions of the Moscow region). It is more slender, grows as a tree up to 8 m tall.
Some maples are grown in standard form: Norway maple "Palmatifida" and "dissectum" field maple "Compact" false sibold maple, represented by many varieties. I would like to warn against acquiring standard forms of palmate maple, which can endure a mild winter, but freeze to the place of grafting in a harsh one. These forms are not for the Moscow region, but for more southern regions. In the middle lane, highly ornamental varieties of palmate maple are grown in dwarf form, often planted in mixborders, or used as a container culture.
Most maples are fast-growing species that require soil fertility. Some species are quite unpretentious and drought-resistant (ash-leaved maple, Tatar maple, field maple), others are demanding on moisture, in nature they prefer river banks (Ginnal maple, sugar maple). Far Eastern species are demanding on air humidity.
Of particular note is the North American Red Maple (Acerrubrum)- one of the few woody plants that can tolerate prolonged waterlogging (another name is marsh maple). The red maple is so named for the red flowers that adorn the tree before the leaves bloom. But it is especially decorative in autumn, painted in bright yellow-red tones. This species is valuable for urban plantings, as it tolerates air pollution well.
There are species that are very demanding of light, but in their youth, most are shade-tolerant, one of the most shade-tolerant is field maple. This does not apply to decorative forms and varieties with variegated foliage, which always need good lighting, and in the shade they turn green and lose their expressive colors.
Maples are relatively thermophilic, especially species of southern and Far Eastern origin used in the creation of Japanese gardens, for which the most good choice there will be a lacy maple of false sibolds or a North American species of curled maple, which is not very common in our country (Acercircinatum), reminiscent of fan maple, but characterized by less deeply cut leaves. It should be borne in mind, however, that in severe winters, annual growths may freeze slightly.
Photo: Rita Brilliantova, Maxim Minin
The maple that everyone knows.
The most common type of maple growing in our country is Norway maple (Acer platanoides) , - unlike many others, it is found not in mountainous, but in lowland forests. Its appearance and characteristic leaves are well known to all people, even those far from dendrology. This tree is up to 30 m tall with an ovoid, hip-shaped dense crown in the wild.
The varietal variety of Norway maple is so great that, using only it, you can create interesting woody compositions. There are color forms, varieties with a modified form of growth and leaf blade. Maples look especially impressive with unusual color leaves, e.g. purple, like 'Royal Red', 'Crimson King', 'Deborah', 'Schwedleri', or with a white stripe along the edge of the leaf blade, like 'Drummondii'. Decorative forms "Columnare" and "Globosum" attract attention with crowns - columnar and spherical, which makes them a bright accent in compositions. They also do well in co-letter and row plantings.
Types of maples: tall and majestic
Among the maples there are very large representatives. One of them - majestic maple, or velvety maple (Acer velutinum) , growing in eastern Transcaucasia and the mountains of Northern Iran. With a height of 50 m, it looks like a real giant, besides, the diameter of its trunk reaches 1.2 m. This maple looks especially impressive during fruiting, when it is decorated with large hanging fruiting panicles carrying up to 60 lionfish. A truly majestic sight.
Slightly smaller in size false sycamore maple, or sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus) , — typical representative mountain forests of the southwestern part of Ukraine and the Caucasus. A tree up to 40 m in height and up to 2 m in diameter with a dark gray bark that peels off in plates that expose light young bark. It is especially beautiful when free standing, forms a dense tent-shaped crown. In ornamental gardening, various forms of false maple are most often used. The 'Purpurea' variety has two-tone leaves, dark green above and purple below. Young leaves of 'Leopoldii' are covered with yellowish-pink spots, adults are variegated, with uneven, light green or cream spots.
No less monumental is the North American silver maple (Acer saccharinum) , reaching a height of 40 m with a trunk up to 1.5 m in diameter.
A characteristic feature of this species are deeply dissected five-lobed leaves on long petioles. They are light green above and silvery white below, hence the species name. In autumn, this maple stands out with light yellow foliage. It looks great along the banks of reservoirs, in alley and group plantings, but it should be remembered that its branches often break off from adhering snow and strong gusts of wind. Decorative variety'Wieri' is notable for its graceful carved foliage and picturesque crown with long, drooping shoots.
Far Eastern maples
It is believed that maples are the face of the Far East. There they live in the mountains and along river valleys. In their appearance, they differ from European and North American species, which has recently been appreciated by landscape designers who use them very actively. In addition, the cultivation of most Far Eastern maples in central Russia does not present any particular problems, with the exception of some species. In the Central Russian landscape, they look like real exotics, which, with their appearance, are able to decorate any composition.
Widely known in culture river maple ( Acer ginnala) differs in high frost resistance and unpretentiousness. Growing up to 6 m in height, it is quite suitable for creating hedges and single plantings. In autumn, its three-lobed leaves take on a crimson-red color, saturating the landscape with bright colors.
In the mountain mixed and coniferous forests of the Far East grows green maple (Acer tegmentosum) , the trunk of which is decorated with smooth green bark with longitudinal white stripes. With such an unusual bark, maple always stands out from other plants.
Listing the Far Eastern species, one cannot fail to mention the often found in this region small-leaved maple (Acer mono) . This tree is up to 15 m high with a low crown. The leaves are similar to the foliage of Norway maple, but 2-3 times smaller. In autumn they turn bright yellow and red. Small-leaved maple plantings effectively reduce urban noise.
If we talk about the beauty of the leaves, then, of course, first of all it is worth mentioning palm-shaped maple, or fan maple (Acer palmatum) , without which no garden in Japan can do. Its openwork dissected leaves acquire bright picturesque colors in autumn. Unfortunately, this species is quite thermophilic and in central Russia it freezes to the level of snow cover. Therefore, to create a stylized Japanese garden in our climate, the best replacement for it will be no less spectacular Manchurian maple (Acer mandschuricum) and pseudosiebold maple (Acer pseudosieboldianum) .
North American maple species
A large number of maples grow in the North American continent. Many of them settled in Russia a long time ago, having acquired a second homeland, and ash-leaved maple (Acer negundo) so naturalized in our open spaces that sometimes it behaves like a weed. Now it is difficult to imagine that this plant was previously grown in greenhouses as a valuable exotic. At present, the ash-leaved maple is widely distributed in cultivation. First of all, due to the rapid growth, frost resistance and undemanding to soils. However, its fragility and low decorative qualities forced to use this species as a temporary breed with others - slowly growing, but more decorative. There are a number of interesting color forms of this maple, which are widely used in landscaping: Aureovariegatum, Variegatum, Flamingo, Odessanum.
Growing in river valleys and swamps red maple (Acer rubrum) perfectly puts up with excessive moisture and stagnant water, besides, it is not picky about soils. It got its specific name for the red female flowers and the orange-red color of the leaves in autumn. Its ornamental forms 'Red Sunset' and 'Scanlon' are characterized by a pyramidal crown shape and dark red leaves in autumn.
Very beautiful smooth green bark with white longitudinal stripes attracts attention Pennsylvanian maple (Acer pensylvanicum) . Its large three-lobed leaves turn a rich yellow in autumn. The flowering and fruiting of this maple looks impressive: flowers, and then fruits are collected in long, hanging brushes.
shrub maples
Among maples there are also shrub species that fit well into small gardens.
They also tolerate shearing well, so they make very dense and spectacular hedges. Such maples include - in addition to the aforementioned riverine maple and false Siebold maple - also bearded maple, curled maple, Tatar maple.
Bearded maple (Acer barbinerve) very beautiful during flowering, in autumn it boasts dark yellow or orange leaves, and in winter its young shoots with purple-red bark stand out against the background of white snow. It is beautifully shaped and cut.
Very decorative throughout the growing season North American
Where else are maples used?
Many types of maple have valuable wood, which is used in furniture industry, for the manufacture of sports equipment and musical, in particular bowed, instruments.
Maple sap contains quite a lot of sugar, especially in species growing in North America such as the sugar maple (Acer saccharum). In Canada, the sap of this maple is used to produce maple sugar, and its leaf is the national symbol of the country. A stylized image of a carved sugar maple leaf flaunts on the jackets of Canadian hockey players and on national flag Canada.
Types of maples: photo and description
1. Hornbeam maple (Acer carpinifolium) H = 10 m
A deciduous tree that grows in the mountain forests of Japan. The leaves are bright green, very similar to hornbeam leaves, turning yellowish brown in autumn. Greenish-yellow flowers appear at the same time as the leaves open. Relatively frost-resistant, in central Russia it grows with light shelter or in places well protected from the wind. This rare species will bring special joy to collectors.
2. Maple riverside (Acer ginnala) H = 8m
A large shrub with a tent-shaped crown, grows along the banks of rivers and streams, hence the specific name. The leaves are three-lobed with an elongated middle lobe, dark green, shiny, in autumn - purple-red. The flowers are yellowish, fragrant, collected in many-flowered panicles, appear after full blooming of the leaves. It grows quickly, winter-hardy, gives abundant shoots.
3. False siebold maple (Acer pseudosieboldianum) H = 8 m
A slender tree with a dense, tent-shaped crown. During flowering, large, yellowish-white flowers with purple sepals appear. Inflorescences racemose with pubescent axes. The leaves are bright green, rounded, palmately dissected up to half of the leaf plate, in autumn they turn into red-pink tones. Lionfish fruits are pinkish-red at the beginning of ripening, then yellowish-brown.
4. Manchu maple (Acer mandshurirum) H = 20 m
A deciduous tree with a highly raised, round, openwork crown. The leaves are graceful, trifoliate on long reddish petioles, in autumn they acquire purple-red tones. Inflorescences yellowish-greenish, racemose, consisting of large flowers. Flowering is short, 10-12 days. It is an excellent honey plant. It does not tolerate urban conditions and formative pruning.
5. False plane maple (Acer pseudoplatanus) H = 40 m
A tall tree with a well-formed trunk, especially beautiful when free standing, forms a dense tent-like crown. The trunk is covered with ash-gray bark, peeling off in large plates. Against the background of blossoming leaves, narrow, many-flowered inflorescences up to 16 cm long look spectacular. Leaves 3-5-lobed, dark green above, bluish or whitish below.
6. Pennsylvanian maple (Acer pensylvanirum) H = 12 m
A tree with a dense crown, the trunk is covered with dark green bark with longitudinal light stripes. The leaves are large, obovate, with three shallow lobes, turning pure yellow in autumn. The yellowish flowers are collected in graceful drooping brushes up to 15 cm long. Flowering lasts 7-10 days. Fruits are stored on plants for a long time. Outwardly, it is very similar to green maple.
Maple varieties: photo and description
Crimson King
Norway maple H = 15 m
A tree with a spreading crown and large lobed leaves red-purple in color, which turn orange in autumn. The flowers are yellow with a reddish tinge, appear simultaneously with the blooming of the leaves.
"Drummondii"
Norway maple H = 12 m
An elegant tree with a regular crown. Young leaves are pink at the edges, later a wide cream border appears on them. The light color of this variety goes well with plants that have dark-colored foliage.
"Atropurpurea"
False sycamore maple H = 20m
A tree with a broad conical crown. Young leaves are red-brown, later they change color and remain dark green on top until autumn, and deep red on the bottom with a purple-violet bloom.
Flamingos
Ash-leaved maple H = 4 m
It is a low tree or large shrub. The variety is very beautiful, variegated. Young leaves are pink, later becoming white-motley. Maple is suitable for small gardens as a specimen and for use in color schemes.
Wieri
Maple silver H = 20 m
A picturesque tree with hanging, long, thin branches. The leaves are carved, strongly dissected, graceful, silver-green in color, turning light yellow in autumn. Preferably used as a tapeworm.
"Globosum"
Norway maple H = 7 m
The tree without pruning forms an even, very dense spherical crown, which in adult plants takes on a flat shape. Recommended for landscaping city streets, but also suitable as decorative element for a small garden.
Royal Red
Norway maple H = 12 m
The crown is wide-conical, the leaves are large, shiny, bright red throughout the growing season. Yellow inflorescences look very impressive against the background of brightly colored leaves. The tree is growing fast. This variety is widely used.
"Variegatum"
Ash-leaved maple H = 5 m
A beautiful tree with decorative, white-green, variegated leaves and showy fruits. It is used as a tapeworm and in contrasting compositions with other hardwoods. It tolerates urban conditions well.
Distributed throughout the world, it is often used in landscaping cities and suburbs. There are more than 150 types of wood, simple and decorative forms that grow not only in the natural environment, but also in private gardens and parks.
Bearded
Bearded maple is a low tree from 5 to 10 meters, with a spreading crown and smooth dark gray bark. Light green foliage turns yellow in autumn with varying color variations. Leaf plates are divided into several parts, have pronounced veins. This maple, more often, does not lose its decorative effect throughout the year, it begins to bloom and bear fruit from the age of six. Flowers of both sexes bloom with leaves in racemose yellow inflorescences. The species has many advantages: unpretentiousness to the ground, resistance to winds and cold, fast growth. Reproduction of the species is by seed, also by root shoots. The two most common subspecies are Chonoski and Komarova. 
Ginnala (Riverside)
Ginnal maple is increasingly found in urban plantings, as the plant calmly tolerates the conditions of a gassed and dusty environment and does not need reverent care. It is frost-resistant, not afraid of the wind, in winter period the tips of the branches freeze slightly, but in the spring after sanitary pruning it quickly recovers. 
The tree grows up to 10 meters, it has a smooth and thin bark in youth, tubercles and cracks appear with age, the color of the bark is light, brown. The foliage is green, glossy, together with the leaves flowers bloom greenish yellow color. Leaves change color to bright orange and red in autumn. The tree bears fruit, the fruits are lionfish. How this maple breeds - and root shoots,. The plant is photophilous, grows well on the banks of reservoirs, is a subspecies of the Tatar maple. 
Naked
One of the types of maple is naked, so named because of the small amount of foliage on the branches, they seem to be naked. The bark of the trunk and branches is reddish in color, a few heart-shaped leaves are divided into three, sometimes five parts, with a jagged edge. The leaf plate is glossy, bright green above, matte below, bluish in tone, in autumn the leaves lose their luster and become yellow-orange-red. 
The flowers of both sexes are yellow-green in color, collected in thyroid inflorescences, the seeds are lionfish. The species reproduces by seeds, which remain viable for up to two years when stored. Known varieties:smiley,Keller, "Kearney Peebles", Dippel.
Important! Maple in winter should be protected from severe frosts, this applies primarily to young plants. The trunk, together with the root neck, is covered with spruce branches and fallen leaves; as it grows, resistance to low temperatures will increase.
Flap-shaped (fan-shaped)
Maple species fan has many varieties and varieties. Its distribution area is China, Korea and Japan. small tree or shrub does not grow above ten meters, its crown can be round or in the form of an umbrella, it lends itself perfectly to formative pruning. Shoots are thin, green with a red tint. The foliage is green only in summer, scarlet or purple in spring and autumn. The tree is flowering, but the inflorescences are rare, the petals are red. The view is capricious: to, moisture, does not tolerate drought, grows slowly. 
The following varieties of maple are common:
- crimson;
- pink bordered;
- curly;
- sessile;
- Friedrich Gwillelm.
Yellow
This species is also called maple-birch, as its inflorescences resemble birch catkins. The plant can grow as a tree and as a shrub, its height is up to 15 meters. The bark of the trunk is soft, scaly, gray-yellow. The leaves are divided into five parts, the underside is hairy, the top is lintless. The leaf plate is large up to 12 cm in length, the color of the leaves is green with yellow tint. Inflorescences in the form of brushes-earrings of a yellowish tint. Maple in the description grows on almost any soil, frost-resistant, loves moisture.
Greenskin
Green-bark maple is valued for its decorative appearance of the bark - green, with stripes in young plants, unfortunately, with age, the bark becomes gray. Habitat - Korea, China and Primorsky Krai. The tree has a wide crown, spreading in the shape of a dome. Branches of dark cherry color are covered with delicate pink buds in spring. The leaves are large, divided into several parts. During the flowering period, the tree is strewn with pale green inflorescences. Maple fruits are seeds. 
This species for rapid growth needs sunshine, loves moist nutrient soils. The tree is included in the group of serpentines, which, in addition to it, includes the Pennsylvania, David and Reddish-veined maples. 
Red
Growing up in Japan. The tree is not whimsical to the choice of soil, it can develop even in swampy areas. Feels great in cold climates. The height of the tree is not higher than 15 meters, the bark is gray, the crown is domed or cone-shaped. Not all varieties of maple have red leaves, usually the foliage takes on this shade in the fall, like many trees. Variety with purple foliage - Red Sunset.
The brightest varieties:
- Armstrong- crown in the form of a column with small foliage;
- Bowhall- Bright orange foliage
- brandy wine- dark, almost purple color of leaves in autumn;
- Northwood- red and orange leaves.
False platanum
False sycamore maple, also known as sycamore, is an interesting decorative species, but urban conditions are not for it. He needs fresh air, neutral soil and moisture. Sycamore does not like frost and freezes, especially young branches, but in the sun it can grow up to 25 meters. 
Interesting subspecies of sycamore:
- "Brilliantissimum"- only hatched leaves of tender peach color, then acquire a shade of bronze;
- variegated maple varieties "Leopoldii" and "Simon Louis Freres", unlike the main species, feel great in city parks and gardens.
holly
In its natural environment it grows up to 30 meters. The plant tolerates frost and dry periods well, propagated by seeds and cuttings. 
The crown of the dome-shaped tree is dense and lush. The bark is gray-brown in color on mature trees with cracks and tubercles, on young maple shoots of a red tint, smooth. The leaves are large, dense, dark green, with sharp edges. Blooming, the plant is covered with thyroid inflorescences of yellow-green flowers. The fruits are winged seeds. Popular: "Autumn Blaze", "Deborah" and "Drummondii". 
Field
Field maple is often used for landscaping city parks and alleys, due to its tolerance to gas pollution, dust and a low height of about 15 meters. Under such a tree it is pleasant to relax on a hot day, it is sprawling with a wide conical crown. It has large light green leaves divided into 5-7 parts. Immediately after the leaves bloom, the tree is covered with small, almost imperceptible flowers. Like the green-bark species, the bark of the field species has white stripes against a brown background of the bark. 
The species reproduces by seeds and root shoots. It is better to plant it in a place protected from drafts, during periods of prolonged frost, cover the trunk and trunk circle. Known Forms:
- "Pulverulentum"- creamy-cream leaves with white chaotic patches;
- Carnival- maple has leaves with a wide white border, young foliage blooms, having a pink tint;
- Postelense- differs in the color change of the leaves: it blooms in a golden color, then turns green and turns yellow again in autumn;
- "Schwerinii"- young leaves are bright red, turn green as they grow.
Did you know?According to Slavic pagan beliefs, after death, any person could be turned into a maple, so the tree was treated with exaggerated respect. Its wood was not used as firewood, did not make kitchen utensils and furniture, was not used in construction and agriculture.
Sugar (Silver)
Silver maple (lat. Ácer sacchárinum) is one of the tallest representatives of its family: it reaches a height of 40 meters. The plant has a wide, dense crown, gray, rough bark gray color. The foliage is a bright gray-silver tone, the shade is dimmer on the underside. Blooming, the tree is covered with red-green inflorescences. 
Beautiful decorative plant forms:
- "Vieri". A tree with patterned silver-green leaves, a spreading crown. Landing is desirable in places protected from the wind, as the branches are fragile.
- "Borns Graciosa". Low plant up to 15 meters. The lush, narrow crown is covered with strongly dissected leaves.
Tatar
This maple is decorative in any season: in spring it is covered with white leaves with yellow stipules, in summer - bright green egg-shaped foliage, in autumn the tree is decorated with pink color of lionfish seeds, and in winter its decoration is the black color of the trunk. Plant height - 12 meters. Interesting feature species: it dissolves foliage before all varieties, and blooms later.
The elements of landscape design include several groups: the buildings themselves, lawn coverings, sculptures, ponds, lakes, various artistic additions in the form of lamps and, of course, green spaces from shrubs, trees and flower beds. This is creativity that requires a rational approach. An excellent example for landscaping your site is the Ginnala maple.
External characteristics
Ginnal maple is a deciduous tree or shrub 3 to 5 meters high. The sprawling tent-shaped crown has an unusually beautiful red-carmine leaf color. They are three-lobed, up to 8 cm long. The middle of the leaflet is the largest and far protruding, while the lateral ones are almost at a right angle.
Only 3 weeks of flowering with fragrant creamy flowers in multi-flowered panicles at the end of May gives others an excellent aroma. Ripening red lionfish fruits are decorative, the bark has a light brown golden color and twists in vertical stripes. Its crown is asymmetrical, the trunk is interestingly curved.
This plant is quite unpretentious and has high threshold frost resistance, grows both in partial shade and in sunny areas. River maple, as it is also called, can be found on Far East in the wild. The bottom of the trunk is characterized by exposure. The annual growth of the maple is 25 cm both in height and in width. It is related to the Tatar maple and is its subspecies.
It is impossible to imagine a garden without trees and shrubs. They create a beautiful view and form a general impression of the city, village, street or the area as a whole. All plants must be proportionate to the site, when designing it, the size of an adult plantation should be taken into account.
Maple is a very common and popular tree in park areas, which is widely used in landscape design. Since ancient times, it has been considered a symbol of strength and positive energy. It allows you to revive cities and parks with its diversity. color shades. Ginnala maple or river maple has been used in decorating the area since 1860. This species is well known in China, Korea and Japan, in East Asia and Mongolia, and is also found in Russia.
This is the best ornamental plant used for growing bonsai. Maple has been grown for several decades, but hard work pays off. This painstaking art can be seen in Japanese gardens. Low shrubs create an oriental design.
Due to its rapid growth, abundance of buds and its resistance to temperature changes, maple makes it possible to create an element of topiary art in the shortest possible time.
Maple on the plot
A hedge of living trees and a beautifully designed lawn will please the eye for a long time in any park, garden, or in private estates when drawing up landscape design. Larger shrubs are used for a single-row hedge, and lower trees for a two-row hedge. Hedges look strict, this is an excellent backdrop for a combination of floral and ornamental plants. Such a fence has good sound insulation, protects from prying eyes and creates an unusual design solution.
The lawn is one of the elements modern design requiring less maintenance than a flower garden. Ginnal maple planting options are very diverse and include a single planting or in combination with other species. Its scarlet colors are accentuated by unusual black trunks, which looks spectacular on a flat green lawn. Designers create amazing compositions that harmonize with each other in color, shape of leaves, height, appearance of trunks and fruits.
Nothing decorates the territory like artificial pond or a lake. This tree or shrub is actively used in landscaping the coastal zone of reservoirs and ponds. Regular haircut makes it possible to create beautiful borders up to 0.5 m high. Amazing mosaic of leaves and bright color tones give the area a special effect. External beauty and originality are used in the creation of colorful garden compositions.
The charm of a spacious and large garden will be given by an alley or path, planted on both sides with maple. The magnificent crown will cover you from the heat in the heat, and the multi-colored foliage in the autumn makes you admire all the shades of golden yellow. The alley can be single-row, two-row or multi-row. It all depends on the architecture of the site and its size.
For the rapid formation of green mass in cities, trees of the same species are planted. Good to match high grades maple and shrubs, this creates an ensemble.
With the help of riverine maple, living walls are constructed that protect the site from dust, wind and noise. For fairly high walls decorative types with different crown shapes. In combination with other shrubs, the entrance to the garden, gate or house is effectively made out.
The combination of maple with other plants
AT landscape design an amazing combination of Ginnala maple with all kinds of lilacs, and. It especially stands out among those with a dark color. And the bright color of the leaves is striking while being among others. deciduous trees and shrubs. Pretty good combination of a group of trees. Unusual compositions created at a young age will smoothly intertwine the crowns over time and a whole symphony will turn out.
Multi-component grouping of oak and poplar in the center, surrounded by blue firs, and in the next tier, compositions of Tatar maple, Ginnala maple and lilac create an amazing picture of landscape design.
The plant perfectly coexists with perennial and ground cover plants. With a single landing, he will allow you to admire yourself from early spring to the end of autumn.
Decorative maple looks great with snowberry and dogwood.
For example, surrounding maple bushes that have reached four meters, it will cover its trunk and will contribute to smooth transition to the lawn. They harmonize well with each other due to bright colors.
From mid-July to early September, river maple lionfish are pink in color, while viburnum fruits remain red until autumn. Tatar honeysuckle with its light pink beads noticeably sets off green foliage. Such a grouping will be decorative from early summer until almost the beginning of winter.
Ginnala maple and Shorti solidago are decorative in autumn, as solidago blooms in September. The combination of scarlet leaves with its flowers looks bewitching. This design is practical and stable over time, since both types are resistant to winter conditions.
Landing features and care
Maple propagates with the help of seeds, which are harvested in autumn and cuttings. Seedlings dive and after 3-5 years they are planted. All varieties of maple tolerate moist soils and shade well. When choosing seedlings of maple trees, close attention is paid to the root system, which should have healthy look and be free of blemishes. Preference is given to visually healthy and strong trees that appeal to the eye.
When planting, many factors must be taken into account, although suitable conditions can be artificially created for Ginnala maple. Pulling a hole to a depth of 60 cm, it is filled with a substrate, which includes soddy soil, sand and humus. After planting, you need to water abundantly, and prevent the soil from drying out. And also to apply fertilizer in a timely manner, and clean the near-stem space from weeds and keep it under a mulching layer of compost or peat.
Maple Ginnala perfectly tolerates a haircut, which is convenient for creating a crown different shapes. Young seedlings tolerate winter well and do not need shelter. If the winter is severe, the root neck is covered with dry leaves.
Diseases
Most often, this type of maple is affected by coral spotting, some branches die off, and spots appear on the leaves. Sick branches are removed, the cuts must be treated with garden pitch, and the crown of the tree blue vitriol. For other diseases sprayed special formulations designed to control a particular pest.
Magic Secrets
Also in ancient mythology the maple plant was considered a protector. Therefore, in landscape design, Ginnala maple will not only create an irresistible look and delight the eye with a chic crown, but will also turn away from this land plot dark forces.
This tree is honey-bearing and brings great benefits to the economy. Leaning against a maple, you immediately feel a surge of strength and energy, peace of mind.
Video - Ginnala Maple and other species
