Polyurethane foam insulation. Polyurethane foam: what is it and where is it used? Very long service life

Polyurethane foam is the best option for insulation for any structures (both frame and brick, block, panel, wooden) that do not experience serious mechanical stress.

This material can be used to insulate internal walls and the surface outside the facades of the house. When insulating the facades of a wooden, brick, or aerated concrete house, a frame for sheathing is created outside the polyurethane foam insulation, on which facade panels are fixed, or similar facing materials - lining, siding, decorative concrete.

Polyrutan foam has good adhesion (adhesion to the coating), which allows for the insulation of any inclined surfaces. This determines the popularity of polyurethane foam thermal insulation of the roof of the house, when arranging the attic floor from the attic.

1.3 Thermal insulation of pipes

In the thermal insulation of pipes, ventilation shafts and elements of production lines, polyurethane foam is one of the main materials. Polyurethane foam insulation can be used for pipes, the temperature of the working environment in which is from -180 to +120 degrees.

The only caveat is that the diameter of the pipes should be large: it is difficult to use polyurethane foam for too thin pipe sections.

1.4 Repair work and construction of frame houses

Due to the liquid form of the material, any cavity can be filled with this insulation. PPU foam is the only insulation that can insulate the interior of hollow walls made of concrete or brick without violating the integrity of the house structure.

Polyurethane foam is the main heat-insulating material used in the process of building a wooden frame house. The walls of a frame house are wooden formwork filled with insulation - this technology allows you to build a cozy warm house in the shortest possible time.

2 Technical characteristics of PPU

As already mentioned, in terms of the effectiveness of thermal insulation, insulation with polyurethane foam has no analogues among widespread heaters.

There are two types of PPU insulation - with a closed and open cellular structure. The number of closed cells in closed-cell PPU is 92%, in PPU with open cells - 50%. These materials differ not only in density and strength characteristics, but also in terms of technical properties.

Consider the main technical characteristics of polyurethane foam insulation with closed cells:

• Thermal conductivity coefficient - 0.019 - 0.025 W / mk;
• Vapor permeability coefficient - 0.04 mg / mchPa;
• Density - from 18 to 300 kg / m³, depending on the application technology;
• Moisture absorption from volume when completely immersed in water for 24 hours - 1%;
• Combustibility class - G2 (hardly combustible materials);
• Temperature range from -180 to +130 degrees.

Sprayed open-cell polyurethane foam has the following technical characteristics:

• Thermal conductivity coefficient - 0.025 - 0.03 W / mk;
• Vapor permeability coefficient - 0.08 mg / mchPa;
• Density - from 8 to 20 kg / m³;
• Moisture absorption by volume when completely immersed in water for 24 hours - 15% as in.

The flammability class and temperature regime of open polyurethane foam are similar to closed-cell insulation.

As you can see, in virtually all technical characteristics, closed-cell PU foam is better than open-cell PU foam. In view of this, open polyurethane foam is rarely used for thermal insulation purposes.

The only advantage of open-cell material is its high noise-reducing properties, due to which such PPU is popular in soundproofing residential and industrial premises.

2.1 Advantages and disadvantages

According to reviews, sprayed thermal insulation has only one significant drawback - high cost, which limits the growth in popularity of this material in private insulation.

Among the indisputable advantages of polyurethane foam insulation, which justify the high costs of insulating a wooden or brick house, the following factors can be distinguished:

1. Efficiency - according to this parameter, PPU insulation is significantly better than thermal insulation by any other material;
2. Minimum weight - the mass of one cubic meter of polyurethane foam is about 50 kg, such a heater does not exert a serious load on the supporting structure of the roof of a wooden house, which allows it to be used to insulate old houses;
3. Reliability of adhesion to the surface - the adhesion of polyurethane foam with the walls of a wooden house is 1.5 kg / cm², with concrete walls - 2.5 kg / cm². This indicator indicates that the frame that holds the mineral wool is more likely to collapse than polyurethane foam insulation falls off the wall;
4. Ease of installation, as in the case with - sprayed technology is much simpler and faster than gluing, or installing insulation in a supporting frame;
5. Moisture and vapor impermeability - after drying, polyurethane foam forms a monolithic material that has neither joints nor microcracks, such insulation does not allow steam to pass through and does not absorb moisture even when immersed in a liquid for a long time;
6. Versatility - with the help of PPU, it is possible to insulate surfaces of any shape - pipes, facades, walls of a wooden frame house;
7. Durability - polyurethane foam is a chemically resistant material, it is durable, and is not afraid of rodents and microorganisms, which leads to over 30 years of service life of such thermal insulation.

3 Comparison of polyurethane insulation and polystyrene

The closest analogue of polyurethane foam in terms of technical characteristics, among widespread heaters, is expanded polystyrene.

Expanded polystyrene is a slab insulation made by foaming and subsequent extrusion of polystyrene granules. Expanded polystyrene has a number of advantages, due to which the use of this insulation is more preferable than the use of the rest of the slab thermal insulation.

• Expanded polystyrene is effective - the thermal conductivity of the material is 0.028 W / mk;
• Expanded polystyrene is quite simple to install - it is mounted on the surface of facades and walls using an adhesive composition;
• Expanded polystyrene does not absorb moisture (0.02% by volume), and is a vapor-tight material;

In comparison with sprayed polyurethane foam, expanded polystyrene is somewhat limited in functionality, since it can only insulate flat surfaces. Expanded polystyrene is not used for arranging thermal insulation outside pipes, ventilation ducts, internal insulation of the walls of a wooden frame house, and surfaces with complex geometry.

However, polystyrene foam has one key advantage - do-it-yourself insulation with polyurethane foam is impossible due to the fact that for the production of polyurethane foam, special equipment is needed at the workplace, while polystyrene foam can be purchased and installed independently without any problems.

Of course, small polyurethane foam cylinders can be used, however, for the insulation of large surfaces - facades, walls of a wooden house, outside the foundation, etc. It is unprofitable to do this, due to the increase in the cost of insulation per square meter.

If you want to perform insulation with polyurethane foam, you will have to hire a team that will do everything quickly and efficiently. The current price of PPU thermal insulation of facades is 1500-1700 rubles per square meter of insulated surface, taking into account the cost of the material.

High-quality insulation is the key to a comfortable stay. There are many different options for thermal insulation materials. Modern technologies have helped scientists develop a new generation of substances called polyurethane foam. Its use is becoming more popular every year. Spraying polyurethane foam can be done independently, you just need to study the technology of work and acquire the necessary equipment.

This spray is becoming more popular every year.

Ways to use the substance

Application of polyurethane foam can be carried out both outside the room and inside. The substance has a number of positive properties, so it is used more and more every day. But before starting work, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the negative aspects that may arise in the process of applying a heat-insulating coating.

Often, thermal insulation is carried out by spraying a substance onto the surface. Polyurethane foam has good adhesion, therefore, upon contact with the wall, it increases in size and hardens.

During expansion, the material fills even the most microscopic gaps, creating an airtight coating with which cold does not penetrate through the walls and roof.

In this video you will learn the pros and cons of spraying:

Very often, sprayed polyurethane foam is used at the construction stage of a structure. The substance is poured into molds, and the resulting parts are used after complete solidification.

Another option for pouring is to fill voids where spraying cannot be done. For example, this method is used if you need to get rid of the empty space between the wall and the finishing material.

Polyurethane foam is obtained by combining liquid polymers - polyisocyanate and polyol. The components are mixed without access to oxygen before spraying. Under the action of carbon dioxide, the components foam. The finished composition moves through the hoses to the spray gun and is applied to the surface under high pressure.

Material characteristics

PPU spray insulation is in demand not only in industrial premises, but also in residential buildings. The substance is often used for thermal insulation of floors of houses, partitions, walls and floors. It should be noted that the material has soundproofing properties, and also protects the room from freezing and moisture.

Positive traits

Polyurethane foam has a number of advantages, due to which it is considered one of the highest quality thermal insulation materials. The main ones are:

1. The ability to firmly adhere to any surfaces - wood, metal and concrete.
2. Low thermal conductivity contributes to the preservation of accumulated heat during internal insulation. If the coating is carried out outside, the substance prevents the penetration of cold air masses.
3. The material carefully fills the gaps, contributing to sound insulation. When processing the roof from the inside, the material drowns out the sound of rain, which is very important for rooms located in the attic.
4. Prevents the appearance of corrosion on metal structures, protects materials from the negative effects of the environment.
5. It is possible to process complex structures that cannot be insulated with conventional materials.
6. The substance is non-combustible. This property is due to the presence of polyol substance A in the composition. Ignition is possible at 450-500°C.
7. The low weight of polyurethane foam allows you to apply it on any surface, without fear of weighting the floors. After hardening, the heat-insulating material will give the structure additional rigidity.
8. After processing with polyurethane foam, a seamless surface is obtained. This cannot be achieved using other heaters.
9. The substance is easy to apply, quickly expands and hardens. The thermal insulation procedure will take 1-2 days.
10. Due to the moisture resistance of PPU, when using it, there is no need for additional fastening of the vapor barrier coating.
11. Resistant to mold, rot, insects and rodents.
12. Well-known manufacturers give a guarantee on the material up to 50 years. However, with the right exterior finish, the insulation will last much longer.

Negative sides

It is impossible not to mention the disadvantages of the material. All the shortcomings that may arise are due to independent work on thermal insulation and further operation of the insulation. Some of them:

1. The main disadvantage of this type of thermal insulation is the high cost: renting or purchasing special equipment for applying the substance is expensive.
2. During work, you need to wear a special protective suit, as well as a respirator. The latter is needed to protect the respiratory tract from harmful vapors emitted by the substance. Be sure to protect all areas of the skin, eyes and mucous membranes.
3. If a person does not have experience with PPU, the thermal insulation process can be stretched, moreover, without a guarantee of quality.
4. The material is non-combustible, but upon contact with fire, it smokes heavily, releasing many substances harmful to humans.
5. If sprayed polyurethane foam is applied outside the building, it must be covered with finishing materials. The absence of the latter is fraught with the rapid destruction of the substance under the action of ultraviolet radiation.

Process Basics

Many people think that it will be cheaper to insulate housing with polyurethane foam with their own hands. But in practice, everything turns out to be not so simple, because you need to have not only theoretical knowledge, but also practical skills. In addition, specialized equipment and materials are required. Before starting work, you must properly configure the equipment.

When a person understands the operation of the system, but he does not have his own equipment, you can rent it, but it is quite expensive. In this case, it makes sense to invite a specialist with equipment who will quickly perform thermal insulation procedures, saving the owners from many problems.

If a person decides to independently carry out the process of warming, then he needs to take into account some features. Among them:

1. PPU thermal insulation can be carried out both in the finished house and at the stages of its construction. Spraying of the substance is carried out over the entire surface or on its individual parts. Cavities are filled with polyurethane foam as needed.
2. During the work on insulation, the region of residence should be taken into account. The thickness of the substance layer directly depends on the specific climatic conditions.

If you decide to apply this mixture yourself, you should not forget about some rules.

Stages of thermal insulation

The process of insulation with polyurethane foam should include a series of sequential steps. The work is carried out according to the following algorithm:

1. Before applying the substance, it is necessary to prepare the surfaces: remove the old unstable coating from the walls (crumbling plaster, peeled paint, etc.).
2. After carrying out cleaning manipulations, it is necessary to build a crate, often it is made of a metal profile or wooden beams. The thickness of the guides depends on the future thermal insulation layer.
3. With the help of the crate, you can level the surface. The structure must be fixed to the wall using a level and a plumb line.
4. The next step is to apply PPU with a special gun.
5. The spray density of the substance should be adjusted on the equipment. If you need to apply a thin layer, spraying should be carried out in small jets. In this case, the crate must be made of thin parts, because it determines the thickness of the layer.
6. The spraying of the substance should begin at the bottom of the wall, applying the material between the parts of the crate.
7. PPU is sprayed with a thin layer, which immediately becomes voluminous. If this thickness is not enough, it is permissible to apply the substance a second time.
8. After the polyurethane foam has hardened and the finished coating has been leveled by cutting off the protruding elements, it is possible to install the finishing material (lining or siding). If thermal insulation is carried out outside the building, brickwork can be laid on top or the surface can be plastered.
9. If plastering is planned, the walls should be tightened with a mesh that is attached to the rails. Then a cement-sand mortar is applied by throwing. After hardening, the latter must be treated on top with any leveling mixture that can easily grab onto the base.

Polyurethane foam insulation is a modern method of thermal insulation of a room. With proper processing and fulfillment of all conditions, the finished coating can last for more than a dozen years. The quality of materials and the experience of the master have a significant impact. It is desirable that the procedure of applying the substance was carried out by an experienced specialist. who will get the job done quickly and efficiently.

THERE IS NO SHOPPING IN POLYURETHANE FOAM!!!

We are one of the few companies in Russia that have the status of a certified PPU and PM contractor, in the system SDS "PPU and PM" "Production of sprayed and poured polyurethane foam, polyisocyanurate and sprayed polyurea in Russia"

This PRICE 2020 years of used closed-cell polyurethane foam PPU in construction with a density of 45-60 kg / m3 on a freon basis.

It is important to know: What about the insulation of enclosing structures polyurethane foam less than 40 kg / m3 of free foaming, the work is limited and requires a larger layer of insulation and additional measures for vapor permeability, etc. According to the company BASF PPU with a density of p = 30 kg / m³ (free foaming) refer to open-cell and cannot have λ< 0,035 Вт/

PPU with densities p = 6 - 35 kg / m³ (closed pores up to 85%) are not used in construction for thermal insulation of enclosing structures due to their physical and mechanical properties that do not meet the requirements STO 00044807-001-2006, SP 50.13330.2012.

Both the manufacturer of raw materials (components) for the production of rigid polyurethane foam and the contractor are obliged to properly inform their client (customer) about the type of product and its suitability for various design solutions.

• If you give an example of at least one regulatory (current) document, which says that lightweight polyurethane foam is used in thermal insulation of enclosing structures - I will personally come to you and produce thermal insulation by spraying polyurethane foam - FREE OF CHARGE.

Dear Clients, Colleagues, Partners!

We we do not produce insulation with materials (raw materials) manufacturer of PPU components: Himtrast, Ecotermix, Izopol, Penoglas, and even more so on a water basis. On this discussion of the data " thermal insulation materials " it's finished.

Only we can know everything about the materials, and you hear from hearsay. We offer you the best that is in the market of the sprayed heater.You pay not per layer PPU, and for the coefficient of thermal conductivity, vapor permeability, heat resistance, frost resistance and most importantly for durability polyurethane foam .

Warranty for the production of works (sprayed) PPU thermal insulation 7 years! Indeed, a very big disadvantage! taking into account the service life of polyurethane foam, it is from 30 to 50 years, and we (that's how harmful!) We give only seven!

Discounts and discounts are not provided for when insulating. We respect our work and value our customers. We do not retail or sell "expired goods" We do not belong to those companies where, "We found it cheaper" We will make it even cheaper! "Only with volumes and ideal production conditions works, the cost of insulation is negotiated individually. Discounts and bonuses from our "competitors" + If the prices are ridiculous, then the quality is laughable ...

Fever - birds don't fly in flocks!!!

In terms of polyurethane foam spraying, we have NET "competitors"

Have you taken these tips to heart? Then check out production cost works by spraying and pouring rigid polyurethane foam containing closed cells (pores) more than 90%

Turn to professionals, amateurs are more expensive!!!

The price of insulation by spraying with rigid polyurethane foam is 1 m 3

Price for PPU spraying - 1 m 2 layer of insulation Polyurethane foam 50mm + 10mm

Price for spraying PPU - 1 m 2 layer of insulation Polyurethane foam 100mm + 10 mm

• Price per square meter insulation by spraying polyurethane foam.
• Sprayed foam cost (closed cell) core density 45-60 kg per m3 since 2015.

Why exactly so many?

Yes, our rates are not the lowest on the market. And we will explain why this is so, and not otherwise. Reasonable prices are better than imaginary discounts!

Now in the field polyurethane foam spraying there is a lot of competition, and each company seeks to stand out in one way or another, to find its niche in the market. Many of them have chosen a rather simple, but not entirely honest way with respect to the client - dumping. To understand why this path is not entirely fair, let's look at what elements make up the final price for polyurethane foam spraying services .

• foaming materials.
• Other consumables.
• Employee salary.
• Taxes.
• Advertising and other ways to attract customers.
• Unexpected expenses.
• Net profit of the company.

For convenience, we present their percentage in the form of a diagram.

Now let's look at how the company can reduce prices.

What is left for us?

• foaming materials.
• Other consumables.
• The cost of maintaining, repairing and updating equipment.
• Employee salary.
• Providing living conditions and accommodation for employees.

It is clear to everyone that a reduction in spending on any of these items is a direct or indirect blow to the final product quality .

Reducing equipment costs is the same.

But the question of reducing the wages of workers requires some clarification .

The fact is that people in the construction professions know their worth very well. No worker will work for a salary that does not correspond to the level of his qualifications. Qualified professionals, especially polyurethane foam specialists are now in high demand. Therefore, a decrease in wages will inevitably lead to a decrease in the qualifications of staff. And what is fraught with the performance of work on the spraying of polyurethane foam by an unskilled operator of the PPU installation, we will say a little lower.

All of the above also applies to the provision of accommodation, living conditions and organization of the workplace (other consumables: clothing, hygiene products, etc.). Normal specialists will not work in a company that saves on providing its employees with the necessary things.

Thus, a decrease in funding for any of these items leads to the fact that the quality of the coating suffers due to poor raw materials, insufficiently good equipment or due to low qualification of workers. And if a company dumps in full, then all these factors take place in one bottle.

The constant rise in energy prices makes a person look for ways to help reduce energy costs. Energy efficient home insulation is one of them. Not so long ago, a new technology appeared on the construction market - insulation with sprayed polyurethane foam. It's hard to believe, but foam can be an effective insulation!

The material has a large number of features and advantages over classical heaters, such as stone wool or extruded polystyrene foam. Judging by the growing interest of developers in this method of insulation, sprayed polyurethane foam is a high-quality material that allows you to create a comfortable and warm room.

Sprayed polyurethane foam and its types

polyurethane foam can be attributed to the group of plastics made from polyurethanes and filled with an inert gas by 85-90%. To create a layer of insulation, it is applied to any surface using special equipment.

The first step is to mix the diisocyanate and the polyol. Reacting, both components are combined into a non-toxic polymer - polyurethane. The reaction is accompanied by the release of carbon dioxide. The gas bubbles are “bound” by the polymer film, which results in a material with high thermal insulation properties.

The entire process of creating polyurethane is carried out in a special high-pressure gun.

In order for the foam to turn out perfectly, the following conditions must be met:

• - component temperature 45 degrees
• - the volumes of the mixed substances must be the same, otherwise the characteristics of the insulation deteriorate significantly

Thus, an increase in the concentration of diisocyanate leads to rapid shrinkage of the foam and its destruction, and busting with polyol leads to an increase in the brittleness of the material.

The ability to mix the components in equal proportions to obtain high-quality polyurethane foam has only a high-pressure installation.

IMPORTANT: Choose craftsmen with the appropriate qualifications and equipment, otherwise spraying will be a waste of time and money.

Several types of polyurethane foam are used for wall insulation: open-cell, two types of closed-cell, polyurethane foam for filling cavities:

• — lightweight open-cell polyurethane foam in terms of vapor permeability, it is comparable to mineral wool and has the following characteristics: density 9-11 kg / m3, thermal conductivity - coefficient. 0.04. Such PPU is sprayed only on surfaces with high adhesion properties. It has good sound insulation.
• — closed-cell polyurethane foams with a density of 28-32 kg/m3 and 40-80 kg/m3 have thermal conductivity coefficients of 0.02-0.028 and 0.03-0.04, respectively. The vapor permeability of both is from 0.04 to 0.05. The first is used to insulate walls with polyurethane foam, the second is used to insulate floors and roofs designed for heavy loads.
• — polyurethane foam for filling cavities has the properties of closed-cell polyurethane foam, the only difference is slow foaming and final hardening after expansion is completed.

Sprayed polyurethane foam - advantages and disadvantages

What objects can be insulated with polyurethane foam

PPU is suitable for thermal insulation of a wide range of objects. This includes the interior and exterior of residential buildings and industrial buildings, foundations, roofs and attic space, floors. In this way, balconies and loggias in apartment buildings, various outbuildings (baths and garages), and sewage systems are insulated.

Process description

Roof preparation and insulation

Proper preparation of surfaces for insulation with sprayed polyurethane foam. Despite the high adhesion of polyurethane foam, insulated surfaces should be cleaned of dust, old paint and crumbling plaster.

If there are grease stains, they must be removed and neutralized. All objects where foam should not get are carefully protected with polyethylene, which is fixed with masking tape.

Roof insulation with polyurethane foam spraying is carried out in two ways:

1. - construct a permanent solid and apply a layer of foam on it
2. - make a temporary frame

Wall insulation outside the building should be carried out taking into account the future finish. Usually, metal or wood planks are attached to the walls, on which the finishing material will subsequently be installed.

How is the floor insulation with polyurethane foam

At the preparatory stage, the base of the floor is cleaned of dust and dirt. Seams, joints and cracks around the perimeter of the room are sealed with cement mortar.

Then the specialists mix the components to get a polyurethane foam insulation, connect the hoses to the installation and start applying the composition. The technology provides for spraying on a concrete screed in several thin layers (2-3 is enough). It is forbidden to apply foam in a thick layer at a time.

THIS IS IMPORTANT: the space between the lags is treated with a mixture in one approach, distributing it as carefully as possible in the corners of the floors.

After the insulation has hardened, you can proceed to the arrangement of the screed or the installation of the main floor.

Energy prices have been on the rise lately, and efficient home insulation is one of the main tasks that homeowners have to solve. One of the latest materials that appeared on the market a few years ago is polyurethane foam. This is a coating that is applied in a continuous layer on any (practically) surface. Insulation with polyurethane foam is the most effective.

Types of sprayed polyurethane foam and application technologies

Polyurethane foam is obtained by mixing two components - a diisocyanate and a polyol. Both components individually are toxic, therefore, work is carried out with respirators. Mixing two toxic substances form a safe polymer - polyurethane - absolutely neutral, which does not react with any substances. Polyurethane foam after hardening is absolutely harmless and is often used in the food industry.

When mixing the two components, active gas formation occurs - mainly carbon dioxide is released. It turns out to be enclosed in the thinnest polyurethane shell, which gives high thermal insulation performance (carbon dioxide does not conduct heat well).

The mixing of the two components takes place in a special gun under high pressure. To obtain the perfect foam, the components must be heated to 45°C (there are heated supply hoses, and there are special heaters). Under pressure, in the form of very fine dust, the components are mixed in a gun and sprayed onto the surface, where they foam and then harden. This is the insulation with polyurethane foam.

To achieve the declared qualities of the material, diisocyanate and polyol must be supplied in equal proportions. Even a slight increase in one or another component adversely affects the characteristics of the material. Worse, if there is more diisocyanate - such a foam quickly "sits down", then collapses, loses its heat-insulating characteristics. If you overdo it with polyol, the picture is a little better - the foam becomes brittle, but it fulfills its tasks, although it has a higher thermal conductivity than stated. This is precisely one of the disadvantages of polyurethane foam insulation - the end result depends very much on the qualifications of the workers and the class of equipment used.

It is possible to mix the components in the given proportions almost perfectly exactly using high-pressure installations. Therefore, when choosing a company, you need to pay attention to the equipment that they have at their disposal - with low-pressure installations, most likely, you will get a non-uniform coating with poor thermal insulation characteristics.

But different equipment is not everything. There are also different types of polyurethane foam by cell type and density:

If we talk about prices, then the cheapest is lightweight open-cell polyurethane foam. But if we add the need for a hydro- and vapor barrier, then in general the price of insulation will not be so low. At the same time, it is still unrealistic to achieve perfect insulation, and it may well turn out that this type of PPU insulation will be cold. So that you can navigate the prices, we give approximate prices for different types of foam (material + work):

Closed-cell polyurethane foam, per cubic meter, is much more expensive, but it does not require any additional layers, except for finishing. It is not afraid of water or steam, it has been fulfilling its tasks for a long time (more than 25 years). The exact price of insulation with foamed polyurethane foam depends on its density and layer thickness, the size of the sprayed surface. Considered individually.

Advantages and disadvantages

Let's start with the advantages:

As you can see, a decent list of advantages that contribute to the fact that thermal insulation with polyurethane foam is gradually becoming more and more popular. But there are also disadvantages:

The main limiting factor in the spread of PPU insulation is the high price. Although, when compared with the cost of insulation with extruded polystyrene foam, the prices do not seem so high, and despite the fact that the sprayed thermal insulation is laid several times faster in time, it gives the best result. In general, if you are planning to insulate your home, this technology is worth exploring.

Application conditions and surface preparation

Even with good adhesion, which distinguishes polyurethane foam insulation, surface preparation will not be superfluous. First of all, you need to remove everything that crumbles - and first of all the old paint. Grease stains are also subject to mandatory removal and neutralization. They shouldn't be.

Everything that should not be covered with foam should be covered with polyethylene, fixed with adhesive tape. It is necessary to fix carefully, without gaps - it is difficult to tear off the foam.

When insulating a roof with polyurethane foam, there are two ways to apply thermal insulation. The first - they make a permanent continuous crate, on which foam is poured. The second - make a temporary frame, consisting of two parallel planes.

If the outer walls of the building are insulated with polyurethane foam, it is assumed that there is a finish. And after cleaning the surface, you need to make sure that something can be strengthened - it will not work on foam. To do this, most often, wooden or metal planks are stuffed onto the walls, to which the exterior finish is then attached. This completes the preparation. But the application of polyurethane foam is only possible on a completely dry surface, at temperatures above +10°C. There are no other conditions.

Spray process

If you have entered into an agreement with a company, a minibus arrives at the appointed time. It has spray equipment. The pressure washer requires 380 volts to operate. If you only have 220 volts, a generator is usually run to supply the required voltage. A low-pressure apparatus can operate from a 220 V network, but, as mentioned below, the quality of thermal insulation will be much worse.

Usually, only hoses are pulled into or around the house, through which components are fed into the gun to form foam. It's comfortable. Workers who spray thermal insulation are wearing protective suits, they are wearing a respirator, gloves and goggles. A respirator is necessary, since the components of the foam are toxic before hardening, and everything else is to protect the skin from getting PPU, which then cannot be torn off.

The foam is applied from the bottom up, in small portions. Pour everything, without gaps, trying to prevent the formation of shells. As the foam expands, ensure that the layer thickness is not less than required. After the foam hardens, the excess can be cut off, and the lack cannot be made up for.

Sprayed insulation parameters

It should be said right away that, as for any other insulation, it is preferable to insulate the walls of buildings from the outside. If , then the outer wall will freeze through. How many defrosting / freezing cycles it will withstand depends on the material, but rarely such a house will last more than 10 years.

When insulating with polyurethane foam from the outside, a final exterior finish is required - the surface has a very unattractive appearance. But there are no problems with freezing of the walls, the building will serve for a long time.

There are no problems with the roof at all. Roofing materials are designed for repeated freezing, so insulation with polyurethane foam of the roof can also be done from the inside, spraying it directly on the “wrong side” of the roofing material or on the crate.

Outside, insulate the house or figured out from the inside. Now a little about the layer thickness. Insulation with polyurethane foam is usually made of large thickness. This is not due to the fact that small is not enough. Usually, just according to the thermal characteristics, an insulation thickness of 2-3 cm is required, but they make at least 5 cm. This is so that under any conditions the dew point is in the thickness of the thermal insulation, and not in the wall material. Since PPU is non-hygroscopic, it cannot get wet, condensation simply does not occur, and excess moisture is removed naturally due to the vapor permeability of the material.