Radiators in a wooden house. Which heating radiators are better to choose for a private house. Normal heating installers

With the onset of cold weather, it's time to think about how to properly and economically insulate your home? You have to think about which batteries for heating a private house are better to buy? Another important issue is the replacement of heating batteries.

Types of heating radiators

1. Cast iron radiators;
2. Bimetallic radiators;
3. Panel radiators;
4. Aluminum radiators;
5. Radiators are tubular.

Cast iron radiator consists of sections, durable. Excellent heat dissipation. Such radiators are resistant to corrosion, a good choice heating for the apartment. Cons - heavy weight, depressurization of joints from time to time.

Bimetallic radiators are made of steel and aluminum, expensive, of excellent quality. They have an anti-corrosion coating, are durable - the service life is up to 40 years, they are not susceptible to water hammer, high heat transfer. Economical. Bimetallic heating is the best option. They will definitely keep you warm.

Cons high cost. Panel radiators - maximum heat transfer, reasonable price, compact size, ease of installation, light.

Cons - the need for frequent flushing (3 times a year), in order to avoid slagging. Aluminum heating batteries - serve up to 20 years, quickly heat up the room, have no big weight, presentable appearance.

Cons - a quick reaction of the metal to an acidic and alkaline environment, corrosion of the radiator when connected to pipes made of other alloys.

Tubular radiators - have a low weight and high cost precisely because of the huge variety of shapes and sizes. The main data is approximately the same with panel and sectional data. Cons - frequent replacement of radiators, low heat transfer, thin walls, the minimum amount of coolant.

Calculation of the number and type of batteries

For those who want to properly install or replace heating batteries in an apartment, you can also read.

The article will not use complex formulas and also, calculations will be simplified.

Do-it-yourself installation of a heating battery with your own hands, requires:

• You need to know how to choose and connect a heating radiator and install a tap on a heating battery;
• Studying the rules for connecting radiators;
• holding accurate calculations and measurements;
• You must have the necessary tool.

The device of the heating battery is simple. heated water up to required temperature, from the boiler enters the apartment through pipes. In the future, it enters the radiators.

Regardless of the temperature of the radiators, they always give off about 60% of the energy when they radiate thermal energy, the remaining 40% are given off in a convective way. In this way, minimal air convection is achieved and good heating of those objects that are present in the room.

Now let's take a closer look at how to calculate the number of sections for individual heating:

• Based on current building codes, 100 watts of thermal power is needed to heat 1 "square" of a room. For example, the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room is 24 "squares", the power of one section is 160 watts, therefore the calculation is: 24 x 100: 160 = 15. To heat the room right amount batteries - 15 sections, 160 watts.
• In this option, the indicators are - the calculation of the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room and height. One section heats 1.8 m² of area with a ceiling height of 2.5 meters, we calculate 24: 1.8 = 13.3. There are 14 sections of the radiator.
• The last option is how to calculate the required number of sections according to the volume of the room. The length of the room is 6 m, width - 4 m, height - 2.5 m. The volume will be 6 x 4 x 2.5 = 60 m³. For heating 5 m³
  the power of the heating battery of one section is 200 watts, you need to buy 60: 5 = 12 (sections) of 200 watts or 11 sections of 160 watts.

Types of heating batteries are divided into sectional (cast iron, bimetallic, aluminum) and panel made from steel. Usually this is a flat battery with bulges for the movement of the coolant.

Heating radiators for an apartment are different, it is very important to install a meter on the heating battery on them, which will help save up to 65% of the original amount for heating.

Types of heating radiators. Modern views heating radiators

Comparison of batteries for a private house

• Steel, panel type 6-10 Suitable Low
• steel, tubular type 8-15 Suitable High
• Bimetallic. 20-35 Suitable High
• Cast iron 6-9 Suitable Low
• Aluminum 6-25 Suitable Low

For a private house, it is better to install batteries made of steel or aluminum, which have many advantages and an affordable price.

For a comfortable room temperature, you need a thermostat for heating batteries to help maintain a stable temperature.

How to shut off the heating battery is a simple question. For owners of private houses, adjusting or repairing radiators is easy, a private house equipped with an individual heating system. On the radiator, you need to open the upper valve, and close the lower one. In this case, there will always be water in the heating system, which will save the radiator from corrosion.

According to the rules in houses, the water of radiators cannot be less than +18 °C (corner rooms - +20 °C). In places with an average temperature of about -31 °C or more, the room temperature cannot be less than +20 °C, and in corner rooms the temperature should be - +22 °C.

At night (from 00.00 to 5.00 hours) the room temperature can drop no more than 4 °C. During the day, a decrease in temperature less than indicated in the standard level is not allowed.

Why install a screen on a heating battery? This is a good way to close outdated and unsuitable heating elements in the interior. The heating radiator screen is easy to install and affordable, eliminating the need to replace the radiator and supply pipes.

The piping of heating batteries is carried out using various pipes, experts recommend using polypropylene. Ball Valves for strapping, polypropylene straight and angular are also bought, this option is simple and cheap.

Flat radiators have appeared on the modern market. it the new kind radiators is made of cast iron or steel, the buyer is presented with all kinds of sizes of radiators, their heating function and beautiful decor.

Why are vertical radiators more convenient? They are designed to be placed on free sections of walls, and the main difference between high radiators and ordinary ones is a small width with a considerable height. High heating batteries are made of steel and aluminum.

To date, electric heating batteries new version radiators. The type of these heaters independently maintains the temperature of the body and the air in the room.

Convectors (plate batteries)

Pluses - strong, perfectly give off heat, are easily installed even on the ceiling and on the floor.
Cons - they heat the air unevenly, so the heating battery does not heat well.

A common question is why air is in the radiator? The coolant is heated, small bubbles are formed during the separation of oxygen, which create an air lock; the air vent does not work; in apartments air locks usually on upper floors. The Mayevsky valve will help remove air.

Based on the foregoing, heating devices for a private house are installed taking into account the type of existing heating system. The best option for an individual heating system there will be aluminum and steel batteries. In a private house, there are no temperature differences in an autonomous pipeline, prepared water is used and pressure is regulated.

How to choose heating radiators Which batteries and heating radiators are better

And centralized heating systems have fundamental differences that are taken into account when choosing equipment. The operating mode of autonomous heating of a private house allows you to choose radiators based on the maximum heat transfer coefficient, materials with the best characteristics, High Quality and optimal price. Working conditions heating equipment apartments are very different - here in the foreground, reliability and resistance to stress. Let's figure out which heating radiators are better to install in an apartment, where and how to buy them, and what users say in reviews about this equipment.

There are two fundamental different types housing heating: centralized (open) and autonomous (closed). In the first case, steam or hot water from the boiler house or CHP through pipes enters the apartments multi-storey buildings. The second option is separate system heating of a private house or cottage, including its own boiler, heat supply pipelines, radiators and pumps.

When determining which heating batteries are best for an apartment, we proceed from the operating conditions of radiators in such systems:

1. temperature from 100°С;
2. pressure up to 10 atm;
3. sudden pressure surges and hydraulic shocks when flushing systems and re-starting.

When choosing a radiator, the consumer must know the load limits for the model in question.

Cast iron radiators

Resistant to high pressure and water hammer. There are models that can handle heavy loads, but do not meet aesthetic needs. These examples include cast-iron batteries, known to us since Soviet times. good example modern radiators from cast iron can be considered batteries in retro style, which fit perfectly into the interior.

The advantages of cast iron radiators include:

1. operating pressure 6 - 10 atm, peak loads 18 or more atm;
2. installation with different types of pipes;
3. long service life;
4. high heat transfer (100 - 200 W);
5. quick change of size if necessary;
6. minimal corrosion.

Disadvantages of cast iron radiators:

1. big weight;
2. fragility;
3. slow heating and cooling, inability to control the temperature.

Bimetal radiators

For the production of such batteries, steel and aluminum are used. The inner surface of such radiators, which plays the role of a coolant, is steel.

Advantages of bimetallic radiators:

1. operating pressure over 35 atm;
2. corrosion resistance;
3. fast heating and cooling, no inertia;
4. modern attractive design;
5. light weight;
6. easy set of the required number of sections.

The disadvantage is the high cost.

Comparison of the two options does not reveal the superiority of any of them. Cast iron batteries cost 250 - 400 rubles per section in the usual version and 1500 - 6000 rubles in the "retro" version. Prices for bimetallic radiators are 400 - 1500 rubles per section, imported ones are more expensive. Externally, bimetallic batteries look more attractive: they are more compact, more modern, and easy to clean. Based on the cost, we consider bimetallic radiators for an apartment to be more preferable.

In the photo, bimetallic radiators for an apartment

Which heating radiators are better to choose for a private house

Autonomous heating systems for private housing are distinguished by other operating conditions: low pressure and the absence of water hammer in the networks. The choice of radiators in this case is based on maximum heat transfer, price and quality. Any of the existing radiators is suitable for heating a private house. Let's briefly consider the types of such equipment in order to choose which radiators are best for heating a private house.

Tubular and panel radiators made of steel

Such radiators are compact, outwardly attractive.

Advantages of steel radiators:

1. high efficiency;
2. corrosion resistance with properly treated water;
3. long service life;
4. compactness and light weight;
5. low price.

Flaws:

1. not very good design;
2. the need for periodic flushing;
3. the need for constant filling to prevent corrosion.

Aluminum radiators

They feature a modern design and excellent heat dissipation. Imported models are much more expensive than Russian ones, but we recommend buying them.

Special operating requirements:

• Careful control of the acidity of the coolant - aluminum quickly corrodes if this condition is not met.
• Due to the high heat output, uneven distribution of heat in the room is possible. Precise calculations are required before buying radiators.

In general, very good radiators for heating the house. If you follow the rules of operation, they will last for a long time. The price of aluminum radiators is relatively low.

Bimetal radiators

Combined radiators made of steel (inner part) and aluminum fins. Such radiators are treated with a primer against corrosion. They withstand pressure up to 20-35 atm and are unpretentious to the composition of the circulating water.

The main disadvantage is the high cost. There are no water hammers and high pressure with autonomous heating, and the use of expensive radiators is impractical.

Cast iron radiators

The large thermal inertia of these radiators reduces the cost of heating a house. Cast iron batteries are corrosion resistant. At a price they are higher than aluminum and steel, but much lower than bimetallic ones.

The disadvantages of cast iron batteries are fragility and heavy weight.

When choosing which heating batteries are best for a private house, two groups should be considered - steel or aluminum batteries. Aluminum ones are more interesting - they are lighter, more economical and give off more heat.

Pictured are ideal aluminum radiators for a country house

Which bimetallic heating radiators are better

Choice bimetallic batteries large - models are different structurally, in terms of characteristics, design and cost. Comparing the characteristics of different radiators, we determine which bimetallic heating radiators are better.

Bimetallic and semi-bimetallic radiators

Bimetal radiators have aluminum only top part. They are made of steel, and then filled with aluminum under pressure. The coolant is in contact with steel. There are models in which the inside is made of copper. Such radiators are used with a coolant to which antifreeze is added.

The interior of semi-bimetallic batteries is made up of two metals: steel and aluminium. The best models of such radiators are produced by Sira, Rifar, Gordi. They are not cheap, but the quality is excellent.

Bimetallic radiators sectional and monolithic

Monolithic radiators are distinguished by a solid steel or copper manifold, on which an aluminum “shirt” is put on. This design is called monolithic. Radiators of this type are more reliable than sectional ones, weakness which are the joints between sections. Characteristics of monolithic radiators:

• service life up to 40 years (2 times longer than sectional ones);
• working pressure up to 100 bar (3 times more than sectional ones);
• thermal power per section 100-200 W (equal to sectional).

The cost of monolithic radiators is about 20% higher than sectional ones, and it is impossible to change the dimensions by adding or removing sections. A large selection of models allows you to choose the right radiator.

Manufacturers of bimetallic radiators

Imported radiators are presented on Russian market Italian, South Korean, Polish firms.

Italian radiators

Represented by equipment from Sira, Global Style and Radena. The cost is 700 - 1500 rubles per section, the service life is from 20 years. Main characteristics:

• thermal power of the section 120 - 185 watts;
• maximum water temperature - 110 ° C;
• operating pressure up to 35 bar.

South Korean radiators

MARS batteries with a copper core costing from 400 rubles with the following characteristics:

• thermal power of the section 167 watts;
• maximum water temperature - 130 ° C;
• operating pressure up to 20 bar.

Polish radiators

The REGULUS-system equipment with a copper core is well known in Russia.

Characteristics:

• working pressure - 15 bar;
• the maximum water temperature is 110°C.

Russian radiators

The most famous batteries are manufacturer Rifar costing 500 - 900 rubles per section.

Characteristics:

• thermal power of the section 100 - 200 watts;
• maximum water temperature - 135 ° C;
• operating pressure up to 20 bar.

Chinese radiators

Differ in low cost, modest design and poor quality. If the budget does not allow you to buy high-quality equipment, then you can get by with a cheap "Chinese". At the same time, one cannot count on high performance, of course.

In my opinion, the RIFAR MONOLIT radiator is considered the best Russian product. Characteristics: thermal power of section 134 - 196 watts; maximum water temperature - 135 ° C; operating pressure up to 100 bar.

Pictured is a RIFAR brand radiator

Which aluminum heating radiators are better

Aluminum radiators are produced by Russian and foreign companies in a wide range. Among the main manufacturers:

Russia

The best Russian company. Prices are higher than the Russian average - an average of 580 rubles per section. Main characteristics:

• operating pressure up to 20 atm (maximum 30 atm);
• maximum coolant temperature 135°С;
• 10 year warranty, 25 year service life.

Royal Termo, Russia

Joint production with Italians. Available models:

1. Thermo revolution;
2. Thermo Dream Liner;
3. Thermo Indigo.

Characteristics:

• working pressure - up to 20 atm;
• thermal power 170 - 185 watts.

Radiators are produced using patented technologies.

VitaTerm, Russia

Aluminum alloys with magnesium, lithium and titanium are used for production.

Characteristics:

• thermal power 140 - 184 W;
• working pressure 16 atm (test 24 atm).

Global, Italy

A well-known Italian manufacturer offers excellent quality radiators and elegant design. A section of such a radiator costs about 400 rubles. One of the best deals on the market, given the cost and quality.

SMART China

Budget option for aluminum radiators. The design is simple, versatile, good quality. The cost of the section is about 300 rubles.

It is not difficult to choose an aluminum radiator - there are many offers in different technical and price categories. If you choose from domestic equipment, then Rifar radiators will be a worthy purchase, from imported ones we recommend the Italian Global. Of course, the proposals are the most general - when choosing, the buyer should proceed from his own capabilities and needs.

Pictured is a radiator brand Global

Which heating radiators are better - aluminum or bimetallic

Let's start comparing bimetallic and aluminum radiators with the performance and characteristics of the batteries.

1. Aluminum radiators consist of separate sections, which are connected by nipples. Gaskets are installed between the sections. Ribs with inside increase the heat transfer area.

2. Bimetal radiators consist of a steel core and an aluminum body with fins.

Comparative characteristics:

• In terms of heat dissipation, aluminum is much more preferable - already 10 minutes after turning it on, the room is warm.
• Aluminum radiators have a lower operating pressure (up to 20 atm) than bimetallic ones (up to 40 atm), i.e. they can only be installed in autonomous heating systems of private houses.
• Aluminum radiators are more sensitive to the quality of the coolant. With an increase in pH over 8, aluminum batteries will quickly fail.
• The temperature limit for bimetallic batteries (130°C) is higher than for aluminum batteries (110°C).
• The service life of bimetallic batteries is 15-20 years, aluminum - 10 years.
• The cost of bimetallic radiators is 20 - 35% higher than aluminum ones.

When choosing radiators, you need to consider the conditions in which they will have to work. For autonomous heating of a private house, aluminum batteries are more suitable, for an apartment in a high-rise building - bimetallic.

Installation and installation of heating radiators

The high price of installing heating batteries in an apartment or a private house often forces the owners to carry out these works on their own. The cost of heating installation works depends on the total volume, the number of installation elements, the selected connection scheme, the type and model of radiators, etc.

For self-assembly heating radiators you need:

1. familiarize yourself with the connection methods;
2. know the connection rules;
3. correctly calculate and accurately measure the location of the radiators;
4. have the right tools for installation.

The heating battery is installed in such a way as to ensure maximum heating efficiency. The greatest heat loss is through the windows, so the location of the batteries under the windows creates a thermal curtain, preventing heat from escaping.

The installation of radiators must be carried out strictly at right angles in the horizontal and vertical planes - the wrong location leads to air accumulation and rapid corrosion of the radiator.

Distances that must be ensured during installation for normal heat exchange and circulation of warm air:

• from the upper grate of the battery to the window sill - 5-10 cm;
• from the bottom edge of the battery to the floor - 8-12 cm;
• from the radiator to the wall - 2-5 cm;
• when installing reflective thermal insulation on a wall, longer hooks should be purchased.

Calculation of the number of radiator sections

When buying radiators, learn how to calculate the required number of sections. It is better to assemble the sections in the store when buying batteries. Remember a simple rule: one section goes to heat 2 square meters of area with a ceiling height of 2.7 m. Do rounding up.

To install radiators, you will need tools:

1. pliers;
2. screwdriver;
3. hammer drill;
4. key for branch pipes;
5. construction level;
6. tape measure, pencil.

Battery replacement is done in the following order:

1. the old battery is dismantled;
2. marking is made for attaching a new one;
3. brackets and a canopy of the battery are installed;
4. going mounting kit;
5. a valve, a valve for a thermal head and a Mayevsky valve are installed;
6. heating pipes are connected.

Especially common is the installation of heating radiators with a bottom connection, in which hot water is introduced into the lower part of the battery and output from the lower part of the other side. Such radiators are outwardly more attractive, fit perfectly into the interior and allow you to hide the piping under the floor.

Thermostats for heating radiators

To regulate the heat supply during the period heating season We recommend installing a thermostat on each radiator. Installation of a thermostat on a heating radiator is described in detail on websites on the Internet. More sophisticated programmable thermostats will automatically turn radiators on and off, maintaining the desired temperature. You can install thermostats on each battery with two-pipe heating, which is typical for a private house. At single pipe system(in apartments of houses) to install a thermostat, a bypass is installed in front of the radiator - a pipe perpendicular between the supply and the "return". The diameter of the bypass pipe is always smaller than the diameter of the distribution pipes.

If the radiators are closed blackout curtains to the floor, then the circulation of warm air is disturbed and only the window is heated. The window sill covering the battery from above also interferes with normal air circulation. The efficiency of the heating radiator is reduced by 20%.

Heating radiator connection diagrams

The main schemes for connecting radiators:

1. Lateral one-way connection

Most commonly used and provides maximum heat dissipation. The inlet pipe is connected to the upper branch pipe, the outlet pipe - to the lower one.

2. Bottom connection

It is used if the heating pipes are hidden under the floor or baseboard. Aesthetically the most good way. The supply and return pipes from the bottom go vertically to the floor.

3. Diagonal connection

It is done with a large number of sections (more than 12). The inlet pipe is connected to the upper branch pipe on one side, and the return pipe is discharged from the reverse side through the lower branch pipe. The Mayevsky crane on radiators serves to remove excess air. Connection is inconvenient because when replacing or repairing a radiator, you need to turn off the entire heating system

4. Parallel connection

The heat carrier with such a connection is supplied through a heat pipe, which is built into the heating system. Withdrawal also occurs. The valves at the inlet and outlet allow you to replace the radiator without shutting down the system as a whole. The disadvantage of this scheme is that at low pressure the radiator warms up weakly.

conclusions

1. When choosing radiators for a private house or an apartment in a high-rise building, one should take into account the operating conditions typical for autonomous or centralized heat supply. For an apartment, cast iron or bimetallic radiators are suitable, for a private house - aluminum or cast iron. Otherwise, you need to be guided by specific conditions: interior requirements, financial capabilities, equipment cost, manufacturer's reliability, etc.
2. Calculation required number we recommend checking the radiator sections for a particular room by receiving the seller's recommendations when buying.
3. During installation, it is necessary to maintain all the necessary distances of the radiator from the floor, walls, etc., as well as the horizontal position of its position in different planes. A thermostat installed on radiators helps to save money - you can turn off unnecessary radiators or set an automatic temperature maintenance mode.

The most convenient (and sometimes the only possible) option for arranging heating in a private house is to use the system autonomous type independent of sources of centralized water supply. Accordingly, most of the work related to its organization, installation and maintenance has to be solved independently. That is the question: “what are the best heating batteries for a private house?” is essential and relevant for a huge number of homeowners.

Not only the comfort of living in it in the winter period, but also the amount of material costs associated with heating and maintaining the house depends on how efficiently and competently the calculation is made, the selection and installation of heating devices is made. Therefore, first you need to choose the type of heating system that will be installed in it. She may be:

• Air.
• Water.

In the first case, space heating is carried out by means of furnace heaters or special electrical devices including infrared heaters.

Stove heating is the cheapest and easiest way to heat, however, it has many disadvantages, such as:

• Long warm-up period.
• Low heat transfer coefficient compared to other energy sources.
• A high percentage of heat loss (most of the heat with such heating goes into the chimney).

Electrical and infrared devices are a more progressive way of heating private houses, but their biggest drawback is the high cost and inaccessibility for a larger number of consumers, as well as high costs associated with their operation.

A more popular and common option for heating a private house are water type heating systems, in which space heating is carried out by heating water moving through radiators and pipes.

Their advantages in a private house compared to a centralized system include:

• Low pressure in the network;
• No likelihood of occurrence;
• Limited and adjustable coolant temperature;
• Ability to control the acid-base balance of the coolant.

In addition, they differ in ease of use, efficiency and cost-effectiveness.

Types of materials and design features

When answering the question of which radiators to choose for heating a private house, you need to determine for yourself what materials they will be made of. They can be made from the following types of metals:

• cast iron

Radiators from it can withstand temperatures up to +150 degrees and pressure up to 6-9 atm. The thermal power of their section is 80-160 watts. Period of use: up to 50 years.

Pros:

— durability, strength and reliability;

- immunity to the quality of the coolant;

- the possibility of combining a different number of sections;

- resistance to corrosion.

Flaws:

- heavy weight and rough appearance. But, at present, models with an original design are also being produced that can decorate any interior.

- high inertia, which will be a minus for autonomous.

• Become.

Some consumers who choose which radiators are best for heating a private house give an unequivocal answer to this question: “Only steel”. And there is a completely objective explanation for this answer. Take at least a list of their advantages and advantages compared to other types of heaters.

These include:

- excellent heat dissipation;

- low inertia;

- low price;

- light weight and neat dimensions.

Flaws:

- the need for periodic flushing (once every three years);

- low operating pressure (which is not a minus for an autonomous system, since it will be quite enough);

- the need for constant filling (otherwise they may rust).

Temperature limit: +110…+120 degrees. Operating pressure indicator: from 6 to 10 atm.

• Aluminum

Best suited for organizing heating of a private house for several reasons:

- they have modern design;

- have high thermal power and inertia;

- easy to install.

They can be operated at a working pressure of 10-25 atm. and maximum temperature up to +110 degrees. The power of the section for such heaters reaches 200 watts.

Please note that thermal power is not only their undeniable advantage, but also a “weak point”. The fact is that at a high heating rate, warm air quickly rushes up, which can lead to the fact that the temperature in the upper part of the room and at the floor will vary greatly. Therefore, before choosing radiators for a private house made of aluminum, it is necessary to calculate how much area to be heated, taking into account all the features of the room. Otherwise, the floor may remain cold when using them.

• Bimetal

AT this case we are talking about batteries made of two metals. Most often they have a steel core coated with aluminum. Devices of this type have large quantity positive characteristics:

— possess the increased resistance to hydroblows;

- have increased heat transfer and chemical resistance;

— have an attractive design and low weight, etc.

Work at a pressure of 35 atm. Maximum temperature: +120 degrees. Sectional power: from 170 to 190 watts.

However, due to their high cost, they are not very well suited for arranging a private house, in which the average indicator in the heating system is 2-3 atm., And there are also no water hammers and a high PH level of the coolant.

By implementing independent choice heating radiators for a private house, also it is necessary to take into account the types of these devices depending on their design features.

They can be:

• tubular;

They are structures consisting of several tubes interconnected by collectors. They have an original design, a wide range of sizes and shapes.

• sectional;

They are assembled from separate elements (sections). Made from a variety of materials including cast iron, steel and aluminium.

• panel;

The design of batteries of this type includes one or more metal plates, between which the coolant circulates, moving through the channels located in their inner part.

Important: Only steel radiators are tubular and panel.

• Convector.

They are made of plates attached to pipes of a straight or curved shape, along which the coolant moves. There are water, gas and electric.

After choosing the radiators, they must be correctly installed. Various are described in a separate article of the site.

Calculation of the number and type of batteries for a private house

Many experts, before choosing heating radiators for a private house, recommend making a calculation with which you can choose the type of battery that is optimal for each specific case. In this case, the amount of energy required to heat 1 square meter of living space is taken as the basis. This figure, on average, ranges from 95 to 125 watts.

Also, the calculation takes into account the parameters of the room. It is believed that in a room with a ceiling height of up to 3 m, one window and a door, the temperature of the coolant in the system for its normal heating should be about 70 degrees. When these parameters are "shifted" to either side, appropriate corrections must be made in the calculation.

For example: If the ceiling height is higher than 3 m, then it is necessary to select heating batteries with a power increased by as many times as this parameter differs from the specified one. And in a room with more low ceiling, the power of the radiators should also decrease.

With a decrease in the temperature of the coolant for every 10 degrees, the power of the batteries used should increase by 15-20%.

Another important factor: the location of the heated room. In corner rooms with several window openings the total thermal power of the radiators installed there increases by 1.5 times.

Speaking about heating batteries - which ones are better to choose for a private house and how, it is necessary to take into account the features of the device of the heating system at home. In particular, in cases where the coolant is supplied from below, and the return is from above, the heat transfer efficiency of radiators decreases by 10%.

Important: Regardless of the design and principle of operation of the system, it makes no sense to install in the house heating radiators, the number of sections in which exceeds 10 pieces, since the energy return from the "extra" ribs will be very low.

Comparison of batteries for a private house

In order to figure out which radiators are better to choose for heating a private house, you can make a small comparative analysis, evaluating the advantages and problem areas of each type:

Separately, we consider the technical parameters of heating batteries various types and the possibility of their installation in a private house:

Thus, the question of which heating radiators are better for a country house can be answered that, based on material, practical considerations and ease of installation, the choice should be made in favor of aluminum or steel batteries, which have many advantages and have a low price.
Also, the video will help you figure out which heating batteries are better to choose in a private house.

The heating system is an essential element in creating comfort and coziness, so the question of how to choose heating radiators for a private house is especially acute for the homeowner. Regardless of climatic conditions, building material and region of residence, the heating system must flawlessly perform its function - to maintain a comfortable microclimate. About how to correctly calculate and choose batteries in a private house, and will be discussed further.

Operation of radiators in a private house - what are the subtleties?

The nuances in choosing radiators for a private house are connected, first of all, with the autonomy of such a structure, as well as with various materials during construction and interior decoration.

1. 1. Low operating pressure. In a private house with heating system, the pressure in the line of the system, as a rule, does not exceed 2.5–3 atmospheres even with hydraulic shocks. The vast majority of modern radiators according to this characteristic are suitable for installation in such conditions, in contrast to communal apartments where the pressure can reach 25 atmospheres.
2. 2. The homeowner knows (or can always find out) what the acidity of the coolant in his system is. Based on this, it is possible to optimally select the material for the manufacture of radiators.
3. 3. Frame houses and houses made of loose materials, such as foam concrete, impose restrictions on the use of radiators with a large weight.
4. 4. In a private house, it is always easier to calculate the required battery power, due to the fact that all possible heat losses are known, and the situation when "the neighbor moved out from below and the apartment is not heated" is impossible.

How to calculate battery power - standard indicators

Before answering the question of which batteries are better to choose for your home, the developer needs to correctly calculate the heat output of the radiators. It is from this indicator that the number and size of purchased products will ultimately depend. The calculation is carried out in accordance with the current norms of SNiP. So, for optimal heating of a dwelling with a ceiling height of no more than 3 meters, taking into account well-executed thermal insulation, with one standard window and one door, it is necessary to spend from 80 to 135 W of thermal energy, depending on the region of residence.

This is provided that the coolant has a temperature of 70 degrees. With a ceiling height of more than 3 meters, this indicator of thermal power must be multiplied by a factor proportional to the increase. When planning the number of heating radiators, make a power margin up by 15-20 percent in case of especially cold winters or unforeseen emergencies with any one radiator.

The difference between radiators by type - which are the most popular?

The modern market of heating systems offers several standard sizes of radiators. To answer the question of which is better to choose, consider their main differences:

1. 1. Sectional type. The most common type of radiators, due to the convenience of selecting the required heat output. Such devices consist of sections with a power of 90 to 150 W each, which are combined into batteries. Depending on the area of ​​the room and the required temperature in it, one battery can contain from 4 to 10 sections. Obviously, this type of battery is better for a private home.
2. 2. Plate radiators. They are a set of metal plates strung parallel to each other on pipes with a coolant. Air is heated by convection, i.e. cold air is taken in from below. It, passing through the plates, heats up and rushes up. They were not widely used for heating residential premises due to the almost complete absence of thermal inertia.
3. 3. Radiators of tubular type. Several pipes, the shape of which can be very different, are combined into single structure using collectors. The coolant circulates inside. A significant disadvantage of such a device is a small surface area, which minimizes the release of thermal energy during external environment. Also not very common.
4. 4. Panel radiators. They consist of two or more almost flat panels, between which the coolant circulates. They have an aesthetic appearance, due to which they are often used in residential heating systems. They have an average heat transfer coefficient (higher than that of tubular systems, lower than that of appliances sectional type).

Depending on the design of the room, the climatic zone and the degree of insulation, the developer needs to choose the best option for creating a comfortable temperature in a private house, the choice of radiators is now quite large.

Is the battery material cast iron or steel?

When choosing heating radiators for a private house, the material from which the devices are made also plays an important role. It could be like classic options for a small price, as well as more technologically advanced and, therefore, expensive, modern models. Cast iron batteries are a classic of water heaters. The first cast iron radiators began to be used over 150 years ago. They have several distinct advantages over other products. Firstly, small price available to any builder. Another advantage is high strength and resistance to corrosion. High-quality cast-iron batteries can serve faithfully for more than 50 years. The fact that so far more than half of the apartments are equipped with such devices is another confirmation of this.

The high strength of cast iron radiators is due to their thick metal walls that can withstand pressures up to 15 atmospheres. Besides, a large number of metal causes a high heat capacity. This means that even after turning off the heating source of the coolant, the batteries will give off heat for quite a long time. Therefore, when answering the question of which batteries are better, many sellers advise this particular option as the most practical.

When choosing cast iron batteries, remember that you should not install them in more than 10 sections in one device. This will reduce the heat transfer coefficient and lead to uneven heating of the room. It is more expedient to choose several batteries with fewer sections. But the option of installing cast iron products is not suitable for cases where the load-bearing walls of the house are frame or made of. Such structures simply cannot withstand the impressive weight of such batteries. Another significant drawback of cast-iron radiators is their unaesthetic appearance; it is quite difficult to fit them into the original author's interior.

Steel products on the construction market appeared relatively recently. They can be panel and tubular. The main difference from cast iron is that they have a lower heat capacity, and, therefore, they warm up and cool down faster, which is a big plus when installed in systems with automatic temperature control. At the same time, steel radiators are very sensitive to the presence of coolant. Simply put, they must be constantly filled. Otherwise, they will inevitably corrode, which will shorten their service life by several times.

The small thickness of the walls of such products causes their small mass, their use is possible on any surface, with any type bearing walls. This characteristic is also a disadvantage, thin-walled steel radiators are afraid of high pressure, but in a private house this is not an obstacle to installation. plus steel products is their low cost. These devices will cost less than any other option. Ease of installation will also be at hand when installing radiators in the contour of the house.

When installing panel steel radiators, their heat output must be carefully calculated. In case of an error, laborious work will be required to dismantle old and install new panels, since the ability to add sections to panel devices missing.

What is good about aluminum, and what are the advantages of bimetallic products?

Aluminum sectional batteries are widely used in recent times due to its excellent performance and presentable appearance. They are distinguished by a high heat transfer coefficient, low heat inertia, which makes them suitable for use in automatic heating systems of private houses. As well as cast iron batteries, these products have the ability to select the required power by adding sections.

Boilers are now widely used in private households and will work perfectly with aluminum radiators, due to their versatility, which lies in good bandwidth, compatibility with various types plumbing fittings and low weight of these radiators. There are few downsides to this option. Among the main ones is sensitivity to the acidity of the coolant, which is leveled by the autonomy of heating in a private house. In addition, the service life of aluminum products is 15-20 years, which is not a positive characteristic of these radiators.

Bimetallic sectional radiators are outwardly very similar to aluminum batteries, but they have a fundamental difference. It lies in the fact that the base on which the home coolant circulates is made of steel or copper, and the outer layer is made of aluminum. This provides a combination of reliability and durability of steel and good heat transfer, presentability of aluminum. Such devices have a service life of more than 50 years, and in the version with a copper "stuffing" - up to 70 years. A significant disadvantage of this option is the high cost, which can be several times higher. This is especially true for copper-aluminum products.

Which heating batteries are better to choose for your private home - everyone decides for himself. But, summing up all of the above, we can conclude that an average income homeowner who chooses batteries for installing a heating system should look at the option with steel radiators. Their durability and wide choice of standard sizes will satisfy the most demanding request. A buyer with more extensive financial capabilities can be advised to purchase sectional-type bimetallic radiators, as they combine reliability, durability and sophistication.

The heating system is the most complex engineering project in the house. Types of heating are constantly being improved due to high prices for energy carriers. Any heating system will work effectively only in the case of a competent heat engineering calculation and correctly performed installation.

The radiator heating system continues to function reliably in this century, having undergone some modernization. The number of heating radiators for installation is determined by calculation, and not "look like a neighbor." Do not compare houses, your house is not like that anyway. Only correct calculation quality system heating is able to create warm and cozy atmosphere in your abode.

Classes of heating radiators

Modern market heating technology offers a wide range of designs and manufacturers. With such an abundance, it is easy to make the wrong choice, which in the end will lead to big trouble. For example, radiators in a central heating system are subject to the most severe operating conditions:

• Large and changing pressure in the system;
• The destructive effect of water hammer on heating devices reduces their service life;
• Increased corrosion and abrasive wear by the influence of a coolant saturated with oxygen and fine solid particles;
• Outside the heating period, the central system is without water, which contributes to the destruction of pipelines and radiators;
• Not everyone will withstand after that the pressure testing of the system before the start of the heating season high pressure, exceeding the working one and a half times.

Much better conditions operation of radiators in autonomous heating systems of private households, but even here there are a lot of "pitfalls". Traditional materials for their manufacture are steel, cast iron and aluminum.

These materials have different characteristics heat transfer, react differently to the coolant of the heating system, the life of the radiators and their cost depend on this. For example, copper would be ideal, but their price and service life are incommensurable.

Cast iron sectional radiators

Now many, living in "Khrushchev" and "Stalinka" began to consider cast-iron radiators a relic of the past, primarily because large sizes, not a trendy design for a modern interior and several layers of paint on them. Yes, and having worked for half a century in the central heating system, the end sections have not warmed up for a long time.

This is an operational problem, but not a reason for abandoning them when working in urban networks. Modern artistic cast iron casting and bold design solutions have significantly changed the appearance of cast iron radiators, while maintaining their efficiency and durability.

Advantages of cast iron batteries:

• The longest service life, more than 50 years;
• Resistant to corrosion and aggressive coolants;
• Large inertia at the termination of the heating system, up to 2 hours;
• High working pressure;
• Insignificant hydraulic resistance, which implies their operation in systems with natural water circulation;
• Low cost with unlimited service life.

With so many advantages of cast iron batteries, there are significant disadvantages:

• Large dimensions and weight make installation difficult;
• Brittle cast iron does not withstand water hammer;
• On sale, radiators are primed, so they require painting after installation;
• Heating occurs by radiation with slight convection, which complicates the uniform heating of the room;
• Increased inertia complicates the work of weather-dependent automation;
• Large volume of liquid autonomous system heating leads to an increase in fuel consumption.

Cast iron batteries are an ideal inexpensive option for a central heating system and their use in individual systems of houses and cottages is not recommended (although when using a cast iron solid fuel boiler coal-fired, cast-iron radiators have proven themselves).

Bimetallic radiators

The high cost of bimetallic radiators is due to their special design: durable steel pipes of the inner layer ensure reliable operation, and the outer layer of aluminum accelerates heat transfer and gives them a modern look. Their sectional structure allows you to adjust the size of the set and its power.

Their merits include:

• Long service life, from 20 to 50 years;
• Do not be afraid of water hammer due to the strong steel core;
• Aluminum housing provides high heat dissipation;
• Less susceptible to corrosion, which is essential when they are used in the central heating system;
• A small amount of liquid guarantees a quick response to the operation of the thermostat, which contributes to efficient and comfortable heating of the home;
• They do not require painting, aluminum gives them a pleasant appearance.

The high quality of composite radiators implies one of their biggest drawbacks: high cost. They have a nice appearance, so when looking for a manufacturer, you should rely on the wall thickness steel structure, the quality of the aluminum coating, the absence of aluminum contact with the coolant, etc.

Aluminum radiators

Aluminum has a higher heat transfer than cast iron and steel, its ductility allows you to give different shape radiator sections. Sections are made by pressing aluminum with the addition of silicon. Between themselves, they are connected by thread, and I assume the upper and lower connection to the heating system.

Advantages of aluminum radiators:

• Low inertia ensures rapid heating of the room;
• Light weight allows installation on plasterboard structures;
• High external attractiveness at a reasonable price;
• In addition to radiant heat, elements for convection heating are provided in the design;
• Service life without the use of Teflon internal coating up to 20 years;
• Respond quickly to room thermostat commands.

But there is a problem with sharing aluminum batteries , steel pipes and copper-containing boiler structures that increase corrosion inside the radiator sections. And the low operating pressure generally excludes their installation in central heating.

The scope of aluminum batteries is quite narrow: individual systems heating houses and cottages, excluding boiler equipment with copper heat exchanger.

Tubular radiators

In the last century, cast iron was the main structural material, now alternative steel tubular and panel radiators have become popular. Tubular radiators represent the design of bent tubes located vertically or horizontally without stiffeners. Therefore, its effectiveness depends on the length of the tubes, their number and the pitch between them. Such a system is non-separable, which eliminates leakage on threaded connections.

Advantages of tubular radiators:

• Good heat transfer, which directly depends on the diameter of the tubes;
• aesthetic appeal;
• Light weight;
• Internal polymeric material reliably protects against corrosion;
• High working pressure;
• The absence of sharp corners, smooth shapes suggest installation in children's rooms;
• Variety of colors and designs.

In spite of polymer coating, the presence of welds limited their operation in high-rise buildings With central heating. There is a low resistance to water hammer and the formation of deposits that increase the hydraulic resistance and reduce the flow.

Panel radiators

When heating residential buildings, the most important is financial question: what to heat and how much to pay for it? This problem has made panel radiators popular due to the combination of efficiency and low price.

Such a heater consists of two stamped steel sheet with channels for the circulation of the coolant. The power of a panel radiator depends on the size of the welded panel and their number, for example, 33 type of radiator involves a three-panel design.

Advantages:

• Maximum heat transfer coefficient;
• High heating rate due to convection effect;
• The smallest volume of water, which ensures rapid circulation of water and reduces the cost of heating it;
• Light weight facilitates installation;
• Responds well to thermostat commands;
• The panels are painted and equipped with decorative grilles;
• The delivery set includes fasteners, a mounting kit, a plug and a Mayevsky crane.

But the small internal volume of water means it cools quickly, and the narrow channels and the presence of free oxygen limit their use in systems with natural circulation and in the central heating system. Operating pressure of such radiators directly depends on the thickness of the steel panels.

Convectors (plate batteries)

Structurally, they consist of a pipe with a coolant, on which a plurality of plates are mounted. Such radiators have sufficient reliability, high heat transfer. Unlike previous radiators, installation in the floor is possible here, which significantly saves space in the living room. But it does not provide uniform heating of the room and there is a problem with dust removal when installed in the floor.

Which heating radiators are best suited for a private house?

What the owners of their own houses are proud of is their own system heating. Such a system operates at low coolant pressure, the water in the system is clean, there are no water hammers, which involves the use of radiators of any type.

But each type of radiator requires the creation of operating conditions for it, taking into account the design of the heating system (forced or natural circulation), its operating conditions (coolant water or antifreeze), type of boiler equipment (solid fuel boiler, gas steel floor, gas hinged double-circuit or electric).

For a private house, you should pay attention to two options: these are aluminum and steel panel radiators.

What you need to rely on when choosing the type of radiator for a private house

Comparison of working pressure and applications of different radiators

The power of the radiator section and its parameters

• Domestic section of cast iron radiator MS-140 with a height of 588 mm has a weight of 8.2 kg, a volume of 1.45 liters and a heating surface area of ​​0.244 sq.m;
• Aluminum radiator section 580 mm high, 80 mm wide and 81 mm deep has a weight of 1.35 kg, a volume of about 0.4 liters and a heat dissipation of 152 W;
• Section of a bimetallic radiator 564 mm high, 80 mm wide and 80 mm deep has a weight of 1.75 kg, a volume of 0.2 liters and a heat dissipation of 168 W;
• Steel panel radiator 22 types 500mm long, 505 mm high, 102 mm deep has a weight of 18 kg and a power of 1078 W (for comparison, an aluminum radiator of 7 sections will have the same power).

There are averaged data on determining the power of a heater: 1 kW will provide heat to a room of 10 square meters. m with a ceiling height of 2.5 m.

Radiator dimensions

Simple installation of heating radiators is due to their universal dimensions, which are suitable for most rooms and their parameters satisfy operational requirements. But this choice is not always made for aesthetic reasons; heat transfer conditions are of primary importance.

The number of sections of radiators determines their heat transfer and the reality of the installation in a place determined by the project. When installing a radiator under a window, to ensure its efficient operation, the distance from the radiator to the window sill must be at least 100 mm, from the bottom edge to the floor at least 80 mm.

It is preferable that the length of the radiator correspond to the width of the window opening. Thus, following these rules, you can choose the optimal size of a panel radiator or decide on a set of sections of a sectional battery.

Design

In addition to standard radiators, their new design solutions have now appeared for typical interior. For example, cast-iron radiators with decorative ornaments (retro versions) and original appearance, created by the method of artistic casting, will decorate Vacation home, fireplace room, restaurant.

Now the market offers a wide selection of designer stainless steel heating radiators with a unique design. Often, in addition to the function of heating, they play the role of a heated towel rail or. The use of such radiators in the interior gives any room its own unique atmosphere of coziness and comfort.

Manufacturers

All countries whose geographic location suggests the presence of a heating season produce radiators. But the leading position is traditionally occupied by German companies with its guaranteed quality and durability (Kermi, Buderus, Oventrop). Finland (Purmo) and Italy (FondItal, Calidor, Radena) are not far behind them. The greatest interest among our customers is caused by cast iron radiators Konner (China), well, we love cast iron.

Price comparison table for different types of radiators

The above recommendations for choosing a radiator are not instructions for use, but are tips, since each type of radiator meets certain operating conditions, taking into account technical features of this heating system and the properties of the structures of the house or apartment as a whole. The size of the budget is also important, so it is desirable to find a "golden" mean between the technical capabilities of radiators and their price.

What radiators are better for a private house?