Few of the residents of houses No. 1,2,3 of microdistrict 4A delve into the amounts charged by the management company. Amounts for hot water from an individual boiler room are generally a "dark forest".
Let's count hot water supply (DHW) costs for October 2015 at house No. 1. There are many incomprehensible definitions in hot water bills (DHW IPU, DHW cold water IPU, individual consumption and ODN, as well as the mysterious "DHW circulation"), which will be very interesting to understand.
So, house number 1 has an individual boiler room, which means hot water cost will equal the cost of cold water + the cost of heating it up to 60-75 degrees.:
LLC "Management company "Comfort", which serves the house number 1, exposes the following lines for payment for hot water:
"HVS DHW IPU"- this is the cost of cold water that entered the boiler room. We multiply the volume of cold water in the hot water supply system by the tariff of 19.66 rubles.
"IPU heating"- This theoretical cost of heating cold water. These are the theoretical costs for heating water from ~8 degrees to ~65 degrees. This parameter will always be less than the "practical" heating, since the water is heated once, passes through the piping system in the house and is "reheated" again, and these cycles are repeated. This "additional heating" of water is distributed in the payment order separately under the item "DHW circulation".
"DHW circulation"- this is an additional parameter that characterizes the cost of heat loss in pipes, heated towel rails, etc. To better understand this parameter, imagine that only one person has settled in the house, and the entire boiler room of the house works for him, heats and drives water through pipes, heats it up and lets it through the circuit again. The bill for a single resident to heat 1 cubic meter of water will be huge compared to theoretical heating. Therefore, this "circulation" is distributed evenly among all owners, and there is common sense in this: pay for the fact that the boiler room heats and delivers constantly hot water to the meter, even to those owners who do not live or do not use their premises.
How is payment for consumed hot water distributed among residents? Here is the formula:
DHW = Volume * ("cold hot water DHW IPU" + "Heating IPU") + "DHW circulation" (1)
In October 2015, house No. 1 consumed 762 cubic meters of hot water who went to the boiler room. Of them 688.15 cubic meters- this is the sum of the readings of the residents' hot water meters transferred to the Criminal Code. The remaining 73.85 cubic meters- this is the volume that the rest of the tenants for various reasons did not report to the Criminal Code. Therefore, the costs of these cubic meters are distributed evenly to all consumers of hot water in the house.
Let us write formula (1) in more detail, taking into account individual and "common house" consumption and circulation losses:
1. The total cost of expenses for the period amounted to 172,751.08 rubles.
2. The coolant consumption in the heating system according to the metering device was 391.168 Gcal.
3. Heat carrier consumption for hot water supply according to the heat meter - 167.886 Gcal.
4. The total volume of the coolant for the period - 559.054 Gcal.
5. Tariff for heating and hot water supply - 309.01 rubles. for 1 Gcal
Let us single out from the total expenses the share of expenses for cold water heating:">
The cost of cold water (we multiply the 762 cubic meters consumed by the house by the tariff of 19.66 rubles per 1 cubic meter):">
Now let's see if the management company correctly distributed the payment for hot water according to the receipt. Here is the receipt for October 2015 (house No. 1). The living area of the apartment is 33.7 sq.m. The living area of apartments and commercial premises in the building is 13,552.40 sq.m.
Just follow the formula:
The result was an amount approximately comparable to the total costs of 66,858.71 rubles, i.e. the management company calculated for October 2015 for hot water with an error of less than 2%, we will assume that it is true.
In order to regulate the procedure for the application of two-component tariffs for hot water, amendments were made to the RF GD dated May 06, 2011 No. 354 and the RF GD dated May 23, 2006 No. 306. According to the amendments made when establishing two-component tariffs for hot water supply (hereinafter - DHW) " the amount of payment for the utility service for hot water supply is calculated based on the sum of the cost of the component for cold water intended for heating in order to provide the utility service for hot water supply, and the cost of the component for thermal energy used to heat cold water for the purpose of providing the utility service for hot water supply"(paragraph 6 of clause 38 of Rules 354), while the authorized body of the subject of the Russian Federation" establishes the standard for the consumption of thermal energy used to heat cold water for the provision of public services for hot water supply” (paragraph 32(1) of Rule 306). And if the procedure for calculating the cost of hot water supply between the consumer and the utility service provider (hereinafter referred to as the UCS) has been resolved (although to this day there are a huge number of cases of its violation), then when calculating between the ICU and the resource supply organization (hereinafter referred to as RSO), there have been and continue to arise disputes, especially in cases of equipping houses with common house metering devices that determine both the volume of hot water consumption and the amount of heat energy as part of the consumed hot water.
Heat in DHW: volume of consumption and cost payable
If we consider the consumption of hot water in the premises of MKD, then it is easy to establish cases in which, with the same volume of hot water consumption, the consumption of heat in the composition of this water will be different. Such cases include consumption in the absence of circulation in the house of “cooled down” hot water by those residents who wake up earlier in the morning or go to bed later in the evening. It is obvious that water will be hotter with long-term one-time consumption compared to many short-term inclusions, even if the total volume of short-term inclusions is equal to the volume of long-term one-time consumption. During the non-heating period, there is a significant difference in the temperature of hot water in houses of the same type (for which the same consumption standards are stipulated), depending on the length of the DHW network from these houses to the RSO (the distance of the MKD from the boiler house) - residents of houses connected to the "terminal" segments of heating networks usually use less hot water than houses connected to the "transit" pipelines of the same networks.
Probably, in order to create some kind of averaged unified calculation system, the Government of the Russian Federation decided to approve the norms for the consumption of heat energy for heating hot water supply and gave the right to establish such norms to the subjects of the Russian Federation authorized. This eliminated the possibility of determining the different cost of hot water (in rubles per cubic meter), for example, for residents of different apartments in the same apartment building. It should be noted that the different cost of hot water (in rubles per cubic meter) for residents of the same house in different months is also excluded - after all, the calculation of the cost of a cubic meter of hot water consumed by the consumer should be based on the cost of the component for cold water, the tariff for which is approved by the subject of the Russian Federation, and the cost of the component for thermal energy, the tariff for which and the volume for each unit of water (the heat standard for heating hot water) is also approved by the subject of the Russian Federation. Thus, the cost of one cubic meter of hot water does not depend in any way on the actual heat consumption for heating this water (measured or calculated in any way), but is calculated based only on those parameters that are approved by the state authorities of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation.
If we talk about the amount of heat energy consumed for the purpose of hot water supply by the entire apartment building (hereinafter - MKD), then, of course, such an amount can be determined by such a general house metering device (hereinafter - OPU), which measures not only the consumption of hot water for the needs of hot water supply, but and the heat content of this water. The position of the overwhelming majority of the RSO, which is that the heat supplied to the MKD is payable in full, is reasonable and logical. No less logical is the determination of the amount of heat energy in the composition of the hot water supply consumed by the entire MKD, according to the OPU, which allows such an amount to be measured. At the same time, in the opinion of these RCOs, there is no need to apply the standard for the consumption of thermal energy used to heat cold water for the provision of public services for hot water supply, approved by the state authorities of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation. In the event that there is no function for measuring the amount of heat in the common house DHW meter (and even more so in the absence of an operating system at all), the same RNOs consider the use of a heat standard for heating DHW already necessary.
The position, of course, is not devoid of logic, however, the current legislation of the Russian Federation does not give the right to choose whether to use the heat standard for DHW heating in calculations or not to use it. The norms on the use in the calculations of the rate of consumption of thermal energy used to heat cold water for the provision of public services for hot water supply are imperative, subject to unconditional execution. At the same time, the legislation of the Russian Federation simply does not contain any norms on the possibility of using in the calculations the readings of the OPU, which determine the amount of heat energy in the composition of the hot water supply. Thus, the use of such indications of the GTC in the calculations, although logical, is not based on the law, and therefore is illegal. At the same time, the use in calculations of the heat standard for DHW heating is not a right provided for in individual cases (for example, the absence of a GTC, or the absence of a GTC function for measuring heat content in DHW), but a duty for any cases without exception.
From the foregoing, it follows that when calculating the cost of hot water supply (both between the consumer and the provider of the hot water service, and between the ICU and the RSO), it is not the actually consumed amount of heat energy for heating water for the provision of public services for hot water supply, but the norm of heat consumption for heating hot water .
What did the court decide?
These circumstances were studied by the Arbitration Court of the Moscow Region, and then - on appeal - by the 10th Arbitration Court of Appeal, when considering the case on the claim of Orekhovo-Zuevskaya Teploset LLC against Avtoproezd HOA (case No. A41-18008 / 16) for the recovery arrears in payment of heat energy. As third parties, the Main Department of the Moscow Region “State Housing Inspectorate of the Moscow Region”, the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the Moscow Region were involved in the case.
In the Decision of December 12, 2016 in case No. A41-18008 / 16 AC of the Moscow region indicated:
« Having directly, fully and objectively examined the evidence presented by the parties in support of the stated claims and objections, the court came to the following conclusion.
As established by the court, on September 26, 2012, between the plaintiff and the defendant, a Heat Supply Agreement No. 240 was concluded, according to which the plaintiff is an energy supply organization, the defendant is a subscriber.
In accordance with paragraph 1 of Article 539 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the Civil Code of the Russian Federation), under an energy supply agreement, the energy supply organization undertakes to supply energy to the subscriber (consumer) through the connected network, and the subscriber undertakes to pay for the received energy ...
Based on Article 544 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, payment for energy is made for the amount of energy actually received by the subscriber in accordance with the energy metering data, unless otherwise provided by law, other legal acts or agreement of the parties. The procedure for paying for energy is determined by law, other legal acts or by agreement of the parties.
In accordance with the provisions of Article 157 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the Housing Code of the Russian Federation), the amount of payment for utilities is calculated based on the volume of utility services consumed, determined by meter readings, and in their absence, based on utility consumption standards approved by public authorities constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the manner established by the Government of the Russian Federation, at tariffs established by state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the manner established by federal law.
Part 5 of Article 9 of the Federal Law of July 27, 2010 No. 190-FZ “On Heat Supply” establishes that tariffs for hot water in open heat supply systems (hot water supply) are set in the form of two-component tariffs using a component for a heat carrier and a component for thermal energy .
According to part 9 of Article 32 of the Federal Law of December 7, 2011 No. 416-FZ "On Water Supply and Sanitation", tariffs in the field of hot water supply can be set in the form of two-component tariffs using a component for cold water and a component for thermal energy in the manner determined by the pricing principles in the field of water supply and sanitation, approved by the Government of the Russian Federation.
Paragraph 88 of the Fundamentals of Pricing in the Sphere of Water Supply and Sanitation, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 406 dated May 13, 2013, provides that tariff regulators set a two-component tariff for hot water in a closed hot water supply system, consisting of a component for cold water and a component for thermal energy.
Thus, the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the field of price (tariff) regulation make decisions on the establishment of two-component tariffs for hot water in accordance with the norms of the current legislation.
In order to regulate the procedure for the application of two-component tariffs for hot water, Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 129 dated February 14, 2015 (entered into force on February 28, 2015) amended the Rules for the provision of utility services to owners and users of premises in apartment buildings and residential buildings, approved Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of May 6, 2011 No. No. 354 (hereinafter - Rules No. 354), and the Rules for establishing and determining standards for the consumption of utilities, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of May 23, 2006 No. 306 (hereinafter - Rules No. 306).
Paragraph 38 of Regulation No. 354 provides that in the case of establishing two-component tariffs for hot water, the amount of payment for the utility service for hot water supply is calculated based on the sum of the cost of the component for cold water intended for heating in order to provide the utility service for hot water supply, and the cost of the component for thermal energy used to heat cold water for the purpose of providing public services for hot water supply.
In accordance with paragraph 42 of Regulation No. 354, in the case of establishing two-component tariffs for hot water, the amount of payment for the utility service for hot water supply provided to the consumer for the billing period in a residential building equipped with an individual or common (apartment) metering device is determined in accordance with formula 23 Appendix No. 2 to Regulation No. 354 based on the readings of hot water meters and the rate of consumption of thermal energy used for heating water, and in the absence of such a meter, based on the rate of consumption of hot water and the rate of consumption of thermal energy used for heating water.
At the same time, Rules No. 354 do not provide for the use of thermal energy as a public service, which complies with the provisions of part 4 of article 154 of the HC RF.
Given the above, Regulation No. 354 provides for the distribution of thermal energy used for heating cold water in order to provide public services for hot water supply, within the framework of the standard for the consumption of thermal energy for heating water in order to provide public services for hot water supply.
In this regard, the relevant amendments made to Rule No. 306 provide that the standard for the consumption of public services for hot water supply is determined by setting the standard for hot water consumption in a residential building and the standard for the consumption of thermal energy for heating water for hot water supply purposes.
So, according to paragraph 7 of Regulation No. 306, when choosing a unit of measure for consumption standards for hot water supply (hot water), the following indicators are used:
in residential premises - cub. meter of cold water for 1 person and Gcal for heating 1 cu. meters of cold water or cubic meters. meter of hot water for 1 person;
for general house needs - cub. meter of cold water and Gcal for heating 1 cu. meters of cold water per 1 sq. meter of the total area of the premises that are part of the common property in an apartment building, or a cubic meter. meter of hot water per 1 sq. meter of the total area of the premises that are part of the common property in an apartment building.
This principle ensures a fair distribution of thermal energy for heating a cubic meter of water between all consumers, depending on the volume of hot water consumption. In this regard, the procedure for determining the amount of payment for a utility service for hot water supply, established by Rules No. 354, fully complies with the requirements of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation and is established taking into account the exclusion of an unfair financial burden on citizens.
Thus, regardless of the presence of a collective (common house) heat energy meter in the hot water supply system of an apartment building, regardless of the heat supply (hot water supply) system (open or closed), and also regardless of the season (heating or non-heating), the amount of heat the energy used for water heating is determined according to the norms for the consumption of thermal energy for heating water for the purposes of hot water supply established in the manner prescribed by law.
Accordingly, if there are norms for the consumption of thermal energy for heating hot water, the readings of metering devices that measure thermal energy used for hot water supply are not taken into account either in settlements with consumers or in settlements with resource supply organizations.
Rules No. 354 do not provide for a different procedure for determining the amount of payment for a utility service for hot water supply in this case.
Civil rights and obligations of a managing organization or a partnership of homeowners or a housing cooperative or other specialized consumer cooperative (hereinafter referred to as a partnership, cooperative) to make payments for the resources necessary for the provision of public services arise from resource supply agreements concluded in the manner prescribed by the Rules, mandatory when a managing organization or a partnership of homeowners or a housing cooperative or other specialized consumer cooperative concludes agreements with resource supply organizations approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of February 14, 2012 No. 124 (hereinafter, respectively - Decree No. 124, Rules No. 124).
According to subparagraphs "d", "f" of paragraph 17 of Regulation No. 124, the procedure for determining the volume of the supplied communal resource, the procedure for paying for the communal resource are essential terms of the resource supply agreement.
At the same time, in conjunction with the requirements of Rules No. 124, when concluding a resource supply agreement, the Requirements for making payments for resources necessary for the provision of public services, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 253 dated March 28, 2012 (hereinafter referred to as the Requirements), are also subject to application.
Clause 4 of the Requirements establishes that in favor of resource-supplying organizations, funds received by the contractor from consumers as payment for utility services are subject to transfer.
At the same time, paragraph 5 of the Requirements provides that the amount of payment by the utility service provider due to be transferred in favor of the resource supply organization supplying a particular type of resource is determined depending on the payment by the consumer of the relevant utility service in the full amount specified in the payment document, or with partial payment, which fully corresponds with the above norms of Regulation No. 124.
Based on the above, the amount of payment by the utility service provider in favor of the resource supplying organization is subject to determination, taking into account the amount of money received from consumers of utility services, as well as taking into account the volume of communal resources in the event that the resource supplying organization supplies a communal resource of inadequate quality or with interruptions exceeding the established duration .
In addition, managing organizations (partnerships, cooperatives), being executors of communal services in an apartment building, acquire a communal resource from resource supplying organizations not for resale, but to provide the corresponding utility service to consumers and pay for the amount of communal resource consumed in such an apartment building from payments received from consumers for public services.
In accordance with the Decision of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation dated June 8, 2012 No. AKPI12-604, according to which, within the framework of Resolution No. 124, a managing organization, partnership or cooperative are not business entities with independent economic interests that are different from the interests of residents as direct consumers of communal services. These organizations carry out activities to provide public services on the basis of an apartment building management agreement and pay for the volume of the communal resource supplied under the resource supply agreement only from the received payments from consumers. In this situation, the amount of payment for a communal resource under a resource supply agreement should be equal to the amount of payment for a utility service paid by all consumers of utility services in accordance with the Rules for their provision.
In view of the foregoing, regardless of the agreement, the parties are obliged to follow the imperative rules that govern the procedure for paying for utility services provided.
According to paragraphs 10, 11 of part 1 of article 4 of the LC RF, housing legislation regulates relations regarding the provision of public services, payment for housing and public services.
In accordance with the provisions of Article 8 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, relevant legislation is applied to housing relations, including those related to the use of engineering equipment, the provision of public services, and the payment of utility bills, taking into account the requirements established by the Housing Code of the Russian Federation.
In view of the foregoing, when concluding a resource supply agreement with persons managing an apartment building and establishing conditions in it, including those regulating the procedure for terminating the supply of the corresponding type of communal resource to an apartment building, it is necessary first of all to be guided by the norms of housing legislation, in particular Rules No. 124 subject to the provisions of Regulation No. 354 .
Clause 5 of the Requirements establishes that the amount of the contractor's payment due to be transferred in favor of the resource supplying organization supplying a specific type of resource is determined in the amount of the payment for a specific utility service specified in the payment document, accrued to the consumer for a given billing period in accordance with Rules No. 354 (with payment by the consumer in full), and if the consumer does not pay in full - in an amount proportional to the amount of payment for a specific utility service in the total amount of payments indicated in the payment document for works and services performed (provided) for a given billing period.
Based on this, the homeowners association is obliged to cover obligations to resource-supplying organizations for the volume of the communal resource at the expense of funds received from consumers in payment for consumed utility services for hot water supply, that is, calculated on the basis of the standard consumption of thermal energy used to heat water in order to provide hot water utilities.
Based on the foregoing, the Arbitration Court of the Moscow Region believes that the stated claims are not subject to satisfaction.
Guided by the articles of Art. 110, 112, 162, 167-170, 176 Arbitration Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, Arbitration Court of the Moscow Region
I DECIDED:
Deny claims».
Tenth Arbitration Court of Appeal , having considered the appeal against the decision of the Arbitration Court of the Moscow Region, accepted Resolution dated April 17, 2017 No. 10AP-805/2017 in case No. A41-18008/16, by which he repeated the arguments of the court of first instance, additionally indicating:
« The arguments of the appeal repeat the arguments of the claim, were justifiably rejected by the court of first instance.
Taking into account the totality of the above circumstances, the Court of Appeal finds no grounds provided by law for reassessing the conclusions of the Court of First Instance and satisfying the requirements of the appeal.
Guided by articles 266, 268, paragraph 1 of article 269, article 271 of the Arbitration Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, the court
RESOLVED:
The decision of the Arbitration Court of the Moscow Region dated December 12, 2016 in case No. А41-18008/16 is left unchanged, the appeal is not satisfied».
findings
The Arbitration Court of the Moscow Region and the 10th Arbitration Court of Appeal, which supported its opinion, when considering case No. A41-18008 / 16, established that regardless of the presence of a collective (common house) heat energy meter in the hot water supply system of an apartment building, regardless of the type of heat supply system / hot water supply (open or closed), regardless of the period of the year (heating or inter-heating), " the amount of thermal energy used for heating water is determined according to the norms for the consumption of thermal energy for heating water for hot water supply established in the manner prescribed by law ..., if there are norms for the consumption of thermal energy for heating hot water, the readings of metering devices measuring the thermal energy used for the purpose of hot water supply, are not taken into account either in settlements with consumers or in settlements with resource supply organizations
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Introduction:
The topic of calculating utility bills is one of the most difficult. For those who have not encountered the problem before, it is difficult to figure it out right away, and there seems to be no time for this.
However, let's try.
For calculations, RF GD No. 354 (procedure and methods for all occasions), RF GD No. 307 (only for heating and only until July 1, 2016, then RF GD No. 354 is valid), RF GD No. 306 (standards).
The text of the documents is complex, practically inaccessible to the mass payer. There is no clear system in the notation of physical quantities, which can confuse the reader, there are no names of physical quantities used in the calculation formulas and explanations. As if they were writing for themselves. Type we know ourselves, but the rest of us do not need to know.
And one more initial remark. Gentlemen from the Criminal Code and from the Developer often show great joy regarding the "energy efficiency" of new buildings, in particular in our area.
The essence of energy efficiency is a strict accounting of all communal resources and measures to save them. Let's see in the course of the discussion how justified such "joy".
Since our DHW system is closed, that is, non-centralized, the corresponding section of the RF PP No. 354 (Appendix 2, Section IV) is used for calculations, when the production of a utility service, in this case, DHW, is carried out by the contractor (MC) on our ITP equipment from composition of the common property.
Regarding this very concept of "production" of hot water supply by the contractor, we will not go into details for now. This is a separate rather "muddy" and controversial topic, who actually produces what and how.
We only note that according to RF PP No. 354, clause 54 of the Rules, it is clearly defined that the fee for the maintenance of common property (ITP equipment, where the service provider heats water for hot water supply) is charged separately. That is, "production" - operating costs for this common property are included in the payment for the maintenance and repair of common property and are not included in the calculation of payment for hot water supply.
So, what should be taken into account when calculating the DHW fee?
The total consumption of cold drinking water (through the cold water line) supplied for heating for domestic hot water.
The total consumption of thermal energy taken in boilers from the heat carrier from the centralized supply of thermal energy (heating).
Everything seemed simple. I divided the total heat consumption (heating) by the total volume of cold water that was used for hot water supply and the order. Received the specific heat consumption per cubic meter of hot water.
However, in our receipts there is no accounting for the total volume of cold water and hot water separately.
And the data of individual consumption for hot water and cold water cannot be used due to the systematic measurement error of apartment meters. Therefore, the concept of ODN was introduced to eliminate this systematic error and to accurately calculate the total water consumption for the entire house by a common house meter.
In this sense, RF PP No. 354 is not quite correct and the campaign has long been outdated in some places, when it is proposed to use the total readings of the IPU as the basis for the calculations, if there is no common house meter, but at the same time, the authors of the regulatory text completely forgot about the systematic error of the apartment IPU (dead zone IPU at low water flow rates).
According to the law "On Energy Saving ...", the first thing to be done is to install common house metering devices, and where there is no technical possibility due to the design of the house, the technical possibility must be created by reconstructing (attaching) the premises for the installation of utility metering units.
The general house accounting of communal resources is not beneficial for public utilities, and therefore the process is sabotaged. In "muddy water" cheating is easier.
Also, we don’t have a separate accounting for the consumption of thermal energy in the ITP, which is spent on heating hot water. At least this is not evident from the content of the information given in the receipt.
But what about the super duper energy efficient ITP? Isn't that too easy for a super duper energy efficient "space tech" ITP?
Have you installed one common cold water meter and one common heat energy meter for the entire unit and are happy like elephants?
And according to the Law, each individual house must be equipped with metering devices.
How does it differ then our ITP from the usual heating unit of the old Soviet house?
Why do we get "over the ears" every year about energy efficiency?
I'm looking for some crook - a "money pump" under an energy service contract "authoritatively" to say that we need to install metering devices to improve energy efficiency.
It is already clear to us that a comprehensive accounting of communal resources is needed.
Who prevented the installation of a two-channel heat energy meter? Was it difficult to plug in a meter to account for the consumption of make-up water for the DHW system?
And if they do exist, then why are their readings not used in calculations and not indicated in receipts?
Payment for hot water is one of the main items of expenditure for apartment owners in MKD. Management companies regularly receive questions both on the calculation of fees for this service and on current tariffs. In the article, we will deal with all these points and provide useful reference material, including a table with hot water tariffs updated in 2019 in Moscow.
Many consumers are still surprised by the appearance in the payment for housing and communal services of the position “heating water”. This innovation appeared a long time ago - in 2013. According to Government Decree No. 406 of May 13, 2013, in houses with a centralized water supply system, payment must be made at a 2-component tariff.
But what if the owner uses his own heating element? Should he pay for heating or not? This question was answered by an expert in the reference system "Management of MKD".
The traditional hot water tariff was divided into two parts:
- cold water consumption;
- heat consumption.
For this reason, a line appeared on the receipt indicating the amount of heat spent on heating cold water. It seems to many that payment for this heating is illegal, although it is indeed legitimate.
Responsible Denis Nesterenko- Head of expert support of the reference system "Management of MKD".
Calculate the fee depending on the type of engineering system in the MKD and the type of DHW tariff approved by the authorized body. The law provides for two schemes for calculating the DHW fee:
With a centralized DHW system
- using ITP or other equipment
The innovation was required due to the fact that residents additionally use an unaccounted amount of energy. Towel dryers and risers are connected to the hot water supply system, which consume heat. These costs were previously not taken into account when calculating the payment for CU. It is allowed to take money for heat supply only during the heating season, therefore, air heating due to the operation of a heated towel rail as a utility service was not subject to payment. The way out was found precisely in the form of such a division of the tariff into two parts.
For a better understanding, it is worth describing the situation with DHW heating in numbers. If nothing else is required from cold water except purity and pressure, then with hot water everything is a little more complicated. In the case of hot water, another parameter is added - temperature. The supplier must withstand it, otherwise complaints are received, an inspection is scheduled, and if violations are confirmed, the fee is reduced. For hot water, the temperature must be at least +60ºС.
The analysis revealed that the heating of hot water circulating through pipelines consumes about 40% of the heat generally required for domestic hot water supply. The hot water coming from the supplier is not consumed in full and is sent through the return pipe to the heat exchanger, where it is heated by the boiling water supplied to the house. As it passes through the pipes, it cools down. If little water is consumed in the MKD, then heat losses can reach significant values, and the payment made by the owners at a single-component tariff will not be enough to pay off all costs.
Dividing the tariff so that the cost of heating water is taken into account separately was the solution to this problem.
The heat supply organization (RSO) and the HOA signed a resource supply agreement. According to the agreement, RSO supplies thermal energy and hot water to MKD.
Resource companies and homeowners associations determined the amount of thermal energy for heating water supplied to provide hot water supply to CUs in different ways. As a result, the HOA got a debt, which the resource workers tried to recover through the courts. The HOA did not agree with the position of the RSO. The Supreme Court helped to sort out the situation.
Table of tariffs for hot water from July 1, 2019 in Moscow
The introduction of a new tariff system in Russia, which implies payment for hot water heating, is taking place gradually. The decision on this is made at the regional level, so news about the transition to a new system periodically appears. For example, a 2-component tariff for hot water was introduced in the Altai Territory at the beginning of July 2018. Let's describe what this division looks like.
- Cold water for hot water. The calculation of payment here is quite simple - water passes through a “hot” meter, its volume in cubic meters is fixed and multiplied by the cost of cold water at the current rate.
- Heating, that is, the thermal energy spent on providing domestic hot water. Here, the calculations are made somewhat more complicated - the cubic meters calculated by the meter are multiplied by the standard for heating water, as well as by the cost of a gigacalorie.
A separate explanation is required for the moment with the standard for heating cold water for hot water. It is understood as the amount of thermal energy that is spent on bringing a cubic meter of water to the required temperature. This standard is approved at the level of the body working in the regional administration, dealing with the regulation of prices and tariffs.
If in the Altai Territory the transition to 2-component billing took place on July 1, 2018, then in the Chelyabinsk Region it happened earlier. In some regions, the system is already working, in others the transition is still being postponed. For example, in the Volgograd region, the introduction of a new system was decided to be postponed until January 1, 2020. Up to this point, the cost of the service will be charged according to the previous principle - simply for the volume consumed, depending on the tariff for 1 cubic meter of hot water.
The transition to a two-component tariff is a federal initiative that provides for a certain freedom of action for the regions. The new system should eventually start working throughout the country, but now the subjects have the right to start working with it or to postpone this moment. For example, by a recent decision of the Government, the deadline for adopting heat consumption standards for heating cold water for hot water supply was postponed to the beginning of 2020.
The table shows the tariffs for hot water in Moscow, taking into account the increase that occurred from July 1, 2018.
The tariff rate for hot water supply for Muscovites does not include a commission that payment system operators and banking organizations charge for their services when they accept this payment. According to established practice, the specified tariff will be valid for 1-2 years, after which it will be increased again to overcome inflationary fluctuations.
As you can see, Moscow currently uses a one-component tariff for hot water supply, in which consumers pay for the service in the amount of consumed cubic meters according to installed meters or, in their absence (which is rare today), according to the standard.
How much have water heating bills gone up?
In the capital, as in many other cities, since July 1 this year, the cost of a number of utilities has increased. According to the order of the Moscow government, the average growth should not exceed 5.5 percent, while there was no increase at all for individual positions. If we talk about hot water, then it has become more expensive for citizens living in "old" Moscow, and now its price is already mentioned 198.19 rubles per cubic meter.
