Porcelain stoneware is a durable material that is advisable to use for flooring. The loads that will occur during the operation of the floor are not capable of causing damage to porcelain stoneware. You should be aware that all the possibilities of this material can only be used if it is correct installation. It is for this reason that the correct installation of porcelain stoneware on the floor is a process that should be given special attention.
Porcelain tile is good to lay on the floor, as it is very strong and durable.
How to lay porcelain stoneware with your own hands?
You need to start by creating a project. It will be necessary to choose the scheme according to which the tiles will be laid. It will depend on how much material you need to purchase. You can put porcelain stoneware on the floor various methods. On the floor, you can create a mosaic using porcelain stoneware different colors. Options for laying porcelain stoneware are shown in fig. 1. From the diagram it will become known how many tiles you need to purchase, as well as what sizes it should be.
The image does not contain all existing options styling. All in this case will depend on the imagination of the owner of a private house or apartment in which repair work. Most simple method laying porcelain stoneware on the floor is laying out in rows.
Figure 1. Porcelain stoneware laying options.
It is important to decide on the installation method. Porcelain stoneware can be laid without seams, or you can use the usual way of laying - with seams. The choice will depend on which tile you need to purchase - rectified or ordinary.
Be sure to estimate the required amount of material per 1 m² and increase it by approximately 15%. In the process of laying porcelain stoneware, there may be an unforeseen consumption of material. It happens that defective tiles may come across.
Laying technology also plays an important role. You will need to decide on:
- the thickness of the adhesive composition;
- the direction of the seams (straight or otherwise);
- necessary preparatory work.
As a result, a list of tasks that need to be completed will appear.
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On what surface can porcelain stoneware be laid?
On a wooden floor. Porcelain tiles can be laid not only on a concrete floor. If you use special techniques and technologies, then this material can be easily laid out on a wooden floor.
To do this, you will first need to remove the coating, while setting the logs strictly horizontally. Expanded clay should be poured between the lags to the top. With the help of self-tapping screws, a board with a gap of 8-10 mm is fixed.
A layer of waterproofing is placed on the subfloor. Next, a base is created on which the tile is laid out.
Can apply 2 different options. A metal mesh is laid on top of the subfloor, after which it is fixed with self-tapping screws. Next, beacons are set up, with which the cement screed will be poured. Screed forms horizontal plane. In this case, self-leveling compounds can also be used. After the screed has hardened, it will be possible to install finishing material.
Alternatively, a dry screed should be used. Moisture resistant layers are laid on the waterproofing layer. drywall sheets. You can also use gypsum board. Sheets are placed in several layers and fixed to the floor surface with self-tapping screws. Next, the surface should be primed.
On the base, which has been prepared in this way, you can lay out the facing material. Glue must necessarily be designed to work with drywall sheets.
On plywood sheets. plywood sheet should be located on logs with a small step. The minimum thickness of the sheet layer is 28 mm. Plywood is firmly attached to the joists, and it is important to ensure that it fits all over the base. Next, the surface will need to be sanded, remove debris from it and close the seams.
At the end, plywood is primed 2 times. After the 2nd coat of primer has dried, you can lay out the tiles. To do this, use a polyurethane adhesive.
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How to choose the right tile?
If you plan to lay porcelain stoneware on the floor in the bathroom, living room, toilet or kitchen, it is recommended to purchase tiles with a rough surface. On such a tile it will be difficult to slip and get injured.
First of all, you should pay attention to 2 things - the caliber of the tile and its tone. Caliber is the difference in the geometric dimensions of the material. For example, a 400x400 mm tile may actually have a size of 398x398 mm. This is due to the difference in the properties of materials that are obtained from different deposits.
In most cases, the manufacturer packs tiles of the same size.
Laying tiles of similar sizes on the floor is not difficult, because the difference can be compensated for by the thickness of the seam. With large discrepancies, laying tiles is impossible. It is for this reason that you will definitely need to purchase tiles of the same caliber.
The difference in color may be due to differences in the properties of the components used.
In the process of completing a batch, manufacturers select tiles by tone, but it is still recommended to double-check.
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Tools and materials that will be needed
In order for the installation to be done efficiently, you will need to purchase all the necessary tools. You will need the following items:
- a container in which glue can be diluted;
- drill with a nozzle for stirring glue;
- tape measure to be able to take measurements;
- building level to check the horizontalness of the material that was laid;
- putty knife;
- Master OK.
Glue will need to choose a special one, because porcelain stoneware is not able to absorb moisture. The adhesive for this material contains special additives that increase adhesion.
In order for the laying of porcelain stoneware to be of high quality, you will need to use plastic crosses that can create fixed gaps between ceramic granite. After installation, the fixtures should be removed.
After fixing the tiles, you will need to fill the resulting seams with a special grout.
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How to prepare the base for laying tiles?
To lay ceramic granite on a surface made of concrete, drywall, plaster or boards, you will need to apply glue, and then lay the tiles. But in order to be able to make a high-quality and durable coating, you will first need to prepare the base.
If a flooring not too smooth, then you will need to level it first. To do this, it is necessary to remove the protruding sections of the surface, to seal cracks, seams and potholes. Contaminants that are on the surface will also need to be removed.
You should be aware that tiling work must be carried out at temperatures above 5 ° C. Do not lay during work warm floors or heating.
Often in construction and repair, laying porcelain stoneware on the floor is used. The most demanded finishing material on this moment. Explained simply. The production technology of porcelain stoneware makes it wear-resistant, durable, able to withstand any chemical and mechanical stress. At the time of buying facing material a reasonable question arises: how to lay it correctly so that the coating serves long years and didn't cause any problems.
Floor porcelain tile has certain properties, which determine its advantages. Let's consider them in detail:
- This material has low moisture absorption, provided technological processes. This is possible due to high-temperature firing, which seals all the pores of the coating. It also helps to withstand the lowest temperatures;
- Wear resistance. If we consider ten-point scale, then the index of porcelain stoneware 8 is very good. Only diamond can compete with it. Not only mechanical, but also static and chemical loads are maintained;
- Not subject to fading in the sun, not able to crumble and wipe over time;
- The tile is quite hard, resistant to splits. Used for finishing warehouse and industrial areas;
- Natural and environmentally friendly material, no synthetic components are used in the production. Another name for the material is pottery tiles;
- Manufacturers use innovative technologies in production aimed at improving quality.
How to choose the right tile?
Floor tiles - for right choice, you need to know the types of facing material that are on the shelves. Several qualification qualities are known, porcelain stoneware on the floor, they distinguish the material from each other.
Pictures:
- Salt and pepper is the simplest material with a reasonable price. Usually plain gray coating, interspersed with light and dark tones;
- Monocolor - plain tiles. The color is obtained by dyeing raw materials before production;
- Natural stone - a complex repeating natural stone pattern;
- Textured - porcelain stoneware for the floor, repeats various natural materials- wood, leather
Surface characteristics:
- Matte - a non-shiny, untreated surface, but this does not mean that its strength indicators are inferior to treated surfaces;
- Polished - shiny, attractive material. When polished, changes occur in the material, they make it less moisture resistant;
- Polished - has a shiny surface, unlike the previous type, is able to withstand a humid environment;
- Polished - with a mirror shine, achieved by coating the tiles with a special glaze, a stable and wear-resistant material;
- Rough - has an imitation of chips, the surface is uneven. Well suited for flooring with moisture, non-slip.
Aesthetic characteristics of ceramic granite, there is a class of material that determines its suitability for laying in rooms:
- PEI I and II - option for bathroom, bedroom, room, toilet, kitchen. Where a person walks barefoot or in soft slippers;
- PEI III - rooms with low traffic, they do not have direct access to the street;
- PEI IV - premises with high traffic;
- PEI V is a tile that withstands the most intense impact on it.
by the most the best option for residential premises in apartments and houses - tiles of the third group, the strength and porosity of the material is on high level. The fourth option is well suited for the street, its quality indicators allow it to be used in open space.
Aesthetic characteristics may affect the choice of facing material, they are secondary. Preferences for color scheme and design solution everyone is different. When choosing, it is better to rely on the two previous criteria.
Tile selection
Before buying, the room where the tiles need to be laid is assessed. For example, smooth glossy finish on the floor - dangerous and wrong:
- When moisture hits the surface, it becomes slippery;
- At mechanical influences she loses her qualities;
- Scratches are visible on the glossy surface - they appear during operation.
You need to choose matte ceramic granite, glossy with volumetric embossing, with decor.
The size and pattern of the tiles must be chosen based on the quadrature of the room. The selection should be aimed at ease of laying the pattern, and at reducing the amount of waste.
The technology of laying porcelain stoneware on the floor
The best option for finishing the floor in any room. Loads on the coating will not cause harm. But high-quality use of the material is possible with proper observance of laying technologies. The process should be given special attention.
For proper styling porcelain stoneware, you need to draw up a project. We choose a scheme, styling. In this case, the diagram will help to understand the amount of coverage to be purchased. There are many options, for example, create a creative mosaic pattern made up of material different colors. The easiest way to do the litter yourself, for a beginner, is ordinary laying.
Useful video: Laying porcelain tiles on the floor
Ceramic granite can be mounted using seamless technology, or seams can be made using crosses. Subsequently, they are rubbed with a special grout on the tile.
We decided on the amount of material per square of the surface, it should be added to the number of 10% - they will go for cuts, a possible marriage.
What tools and materials are needed
Before starting the installation, we prepare the necessary tools, you will need:
- Bucket, or other container for mixing glue;
- Drill with a mixer - mix the solution;
- Roulette - measure the size;
- Corner, necessary for even cutting at an angle;
- Building level, without it you will not get a flat surface;
- Notched spatula;
- Crosses for seams;
- Master OK;
- Tile cutter;
- Bulgarian;
- A set of crowns (if you need to outline heating pipes).
Glue for porcelain stoneware, we buy with increased adhesion - porcelain stoneware does not let through, does not absorb moisture. Auxiliary materials- primer, roller, bath, for soil.
If you do not have this tool in stock, then you will have to buy it, or rent it. You need to calculate what will be cost-effective, purchase a tool, or hire a team of builders for laying.
Before installation, take care of the grout to fill the seams. Although it can be bought after installation, it is better to have everything ready.
Surface preparation
Prepare the base for laying - be careful, it will depend on the preparatory actions how firmly the facing ceramic granite will lie on the floor. If it fits on concrete screed, then it is enough to clean the area from dirt and dust and impregnate it with a deep penetration primer or concrete with contact. If there are irregularities, in a centimeter, then they need to be filed with a “file”, or a rough leveler. On the flat surface laying tiles is much easier at home. The soil dries out, you can start lining.
But porcelain stoneware can be laid not only on concrete, porcelain stoneware can be laid on wooden floor maybe, but more work.
Wood floor preparation
First of all, the old coating is removed, and new logs are set to a horizontal position according to the level. For insulation, expanded clay is poured into the gaps between the lags. With the help of self-tapping screws, the board is fixed. The screw pitch is 15 cm. The draft floor is ready.
Waterproofing is laid, which serves as the basis for laying. There are two ways to arrange the floor:
- The first - on the subfloor, after waterproofing, a reinforcing mesh is stuffed, construction beacons are installed, and a concrete screed is poured. Let's apply and self-leveling floor. As the screed hardens and dries, we begin the installation of ceramic granite.
- The second is a dry screed. take GVL sheets in three layers, screwed to subfloor, there is already insulating material. The surface is primed.
You can safely lay tiles on the base, the glue should be on drywall, for porcelain stoneware.
Plywood - laid directly on the logs, the thickness of the sheets is 28 mm. Rolls well and grinds well. Special attention need to be given to the seams. After grinding, it is better to vacuum the surface, and prime it twice, filling the seams. After the second layer has dried, we proceed to installation. Glue in this case is needed on a polyurethane base.
The presence of large cracks and potholes on the surface where porcelain stoneware is planned to be laid is not allowed. Works are carried out at a temperature not lower than 5 degrees. You can not lay tiles if underfloor heating is working, or heating that passes through the floor.
How to lay tiles on a wooden floor
Surface preparation is complete, now you can proceed with the installation facing coating. It is better to start laying from the middle, for this you need to draw a room, or pull a building thread. For simplicity and convenience, you can use laser level. Why from the middle? Using this laying method, the middle of the room will be from a whole tile, and the cuts will evenly disperse along the walls.
The adhesive solution is applied with a notched trowel to small plot, while the spatula is at an angle to the surface - 40 degrees. Manufacturers apply protective layer, on the front surface of the tile, to prevent scratches during transportation - it must be removed before laying porcelain stoneware on the floor.
Tiles are laid on the level, tightly to each other. The level is reached, the tiles are carefully moved away from each other, and a cross is inserted into the resulting gap. Thanks to this, no glue remains in the seam. Laying goes without seams - this is not necessary. For a presentable appearance of the surface, the seams should be at least three millimeters.
You need to check the level constantly. Supported when adding adhesive under the tile. It is advisable to lay the surface immediately. If it doesn’t work, then it’s worth noting that you can’t step on the tile for 24 hours. It dries up within 4 days.
The seams are overwritten after the solution has solidified. The color of the grout is the same tone as the tile, or use a contrast. A common option is gray grout, it does not wash out, dirt is not visible. The seams are rubbed with a special soft, rubber spatula. After grouting, you need to wait two hours and wash the seams with a soft sponge. Do not forget to embroider the seams before grouting, removing the remaining glue. The surface is ready, and after a week it can be washed with a regular detergent.
Tile on the floor without dismantling the wooden surface
If the decision is made to cover the floor with tiles in the house, without dismantling the wooden floor, then you need to properly prepare it.
- If there is paint on the floor, it must be removed. This is done by grinding machine with special nozzle. You need to shoot to a clean tree;
- Then if there is on the floor big gaps, they are putty. Provided that the floor is level, you can lay tiles directly on the boards;
- Waterproofing is being installed. But this is an optional manipulation, provided the floor is made of wooden boards;
- A screed is poured, or a dry leveling is arranged. If the floor is uneven;
- Primed and tiled.
If it is not possible to remove the paint, then you need to make a frequent notch, and prime the floor well with special compounds. Laying porcelain stoneware on the floor will be of high quality when using this technology.
Conclusion
Approach the choice of this coating responsibly - it is not cheap, and is mounted for a long time. It is necessary to choose such a design that in 10 years it will not lose its relevance and attractiveness.
Useful video: Laying porcelain stoneware on the floor without a level
In an apartment, or in a private house, anyone can lay porcelain stoneware with their own hands. The main thing is to know the installation instructions, and correctly apply it. Of course, the services of specialists are not cheap, and not every inhabitant can afford to hire a qualified team. And I want to have a floor covering made of ceramic granite. Armed with this article and essential tool, you will make your dream come true without spending large funds for installation.
From the author: good afternoon, dear readers! Let's talk about capital floors. Surely each of us thought about how to make good monolithic floors that will last for many years, will not fade and will not lose their presentation? At first glance, such material does not exist. Laminate, parquet, linoleum - all these materials lose their appearance after a few years.
However, do not think that there is no way out in this situation! In this case, porcelain tile floors will help us. They are durable, very durable and give the room a sophisticated look. Laying porcelain tiles on the floor is slightly different from installing a tiled surface.
Porcelain stoneware
First, let's figure out what this material is and what features it is endowed with. So, porcelain stoneware is a new finishing material, for the production of which a mixture of clay, feldspar and quartz sand is used with the addition of dyes.
The manufacturing technology of tiles is similar to the manufacture of ordinary ceramics. It involves the process of pressing the workpiece and firing it in a special furnace. However, the properties that the finished product possesses differ in many respects from the same tile.
Porcelain stoneware has a very low porosity of the material, so its installation on or cement mortar is simply impossible. For laying porcelain stoneware, a special two-component adhesive is used.
Porcelain tile floors look very beautiful and can last for decades without losing their appearance. But for this it is necessary to observe a number of conditions, both when installing the tile, and when choosing it.
Tile selection
Although porcelain stoneware is a very strong and durable product, it has its own performance characteristics. In fact, this is a fairly rational approach. Indeed, laying glossy porcelain tiles in the hallway, where there is maximum interaction with dirty shoes human, at least inappropriate. Therefore, the manufacturer has introduced several groups of this product, according to which it is possible to understand for what purposes this or that tile is made:
- PEI 5. Products of the fifth class are the most wear-resistant, however, and the most expensive. They are suitable for high traffic areas.
- PEI 4. Also quite reliable tiles. Suitable for public places, walk-through rooms, corridors or hallways.
- PEI 3. One of the most common classes of porcelain tiles. Fits in residential areas where there is no entrance from the street.
- PEI 2 and PEI 1. More "gentle" porcelain stoneware. It is used when installing a floor with very low traffic, for example, in a toilet or bathroom.
As practice shows, third-class products are sufficient for installing tiles in residential premises, apartments or private houses. Also, when choosing a tile, they are guided by the general tone of the room, the color of the walls, the execution of furniture and other interior elements. The main thing is that the porcelain stoneware floor looks like a whole, in the general mood of the room.
Surface calculation
Before laying ceramics on the base, it is worth making accurate calculations of the material. The elements themselves can have different geometric shapes, so the calculation of the final number of tiles will occur according to the following algorithm.
First, choose a tile that matches your floor finish. After that, dimensions are taken from it and the number of elements to fill 1 m 2 is calculated. The number may not be accurate. Rounded up. When necessary calculations carried out, calculate the floor area where the installation will be carried out. The floor area is multiplied by the number of tiles that fit in 1 m 2 and get the required amount of material. It should be noted that the resulting figure is not final. It is worth taking into account another 10% of the volume received, since broken or cut elements will most likely appear in the process of work.
Floor preparation
Proper laying technology involves leveling the surface. This is done with:
- cement screed;
- bulk floor.
There are many options for laying porcelain stoneware, you can do it in a run, herringbone, at an angle, in the usual way, or create complex patterns using tiles different color and size, how to lay porcelain stoneware depends on your taste and preference, as well as considering the size of the room and material.
To make installation easier, first it is recommended to make a diagram on paper, then lay out the tiles in the room, taking into account the gaps. This will help you not only see how the floor will look in the kitchen, but also calculate the required amount of glue and tiles.
When buying porcelain stoneware, you need to make a margin of about 10-15%, it all depends on the installation method you have chosen.
Since it has a dense structure, it practically does not absorb moisture, and therefore does not absorb glue. It will take special compound which has high adhesive power. In the adhesive used for the installation of porcelain tiles, in addition to cement, components are added that ensure its more reliable installation.
When choosing porcelain stoneware as a floor covering in the kitchen, it is necessary to pay attention to its characteristics: wear resistance, strength and dimensions. There are 5 groups of specified material for flooring in the kitchen, porcelain stoneware class PEI 3 is suitable.
If we talk about the structure, then the most budgetary is a finely speckled one-color texture. You can choose a material with a pattern that imitates different stones or other materials. When choosing wood-like porcelain stoneware, it will be convenient to combine it with parquet or laminate, laid in the rooms adjacent to the kitchen.
To create different patterns, you can use monocolor tiles of different colors, natural dyes are used to color them.
For the kitchen it is better to buy matte tiles, since the glazed surface becomes slippery when moisture falls on it. Keep in mind that textured tiles are more comfortable and safer to walk on, dirt is not so visible on them, but washing them is much more difficult. Porcelain stoneware sizes can be very different, from 5x5 cm to 120x80 cm.
Materials and tools
To lay porcelain stoneware on the floor in the kitchen, you will need a set of the following tools:
- building level;
- measuring instruments;
- notched and rubber spatulas;
- container for glue;
- mixer;
- plastic crosses;
- grinder with a diamond disc;
- marker;
- primer;
- glue;
- grout;
- sealant;
- porcelain tile.
Often, in order to protect tiles from damage, they come with a protective wax or paraffin coating that can be removed with a spatula or soapy water.
Porcelain stoneware laying technology
Many craftsmen soak it before laying tiles; for porcelain stoneware, this operation is not necessary, since it practically does not absorb moisture. It is impossible to lay porcelain stoneware on ordinary cement, you need to use a special adhesive.
To properly prepare the glue, you do not need to experiment, strictly adhere to the proportions of the dry mixture and water, which are indicated by the manufacturer. Pour the dry mixture into the water, and not vice versa. It is necessary to mix everything well with a mixer so that the finished mass is homogeneous.The prepared adhesive composition will retain its properties for several hours, so calculate the amount that you can use during this time.
An adhesive is applied to the prepared, even, dry and clean surface with a notched trowel, the larger the tile, the higher the notches on the trowel should be. If for tiles with a size of 200x200 mm it is necessary to use a spatula with a tooth height of 8 mm, then for 300x300 mm, it should already be 12-15 mm. The glue is applied in an even layer, the thickness of which is within 2-5 mm.
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The adhesive must be applied evenly so that voids do not form under the tile, otherwise problems may appear in these places, it may peel off or crack when heavy objects fall on it. For porcelain stoneware large sizes, glue is applied to the floor and tiles, if it is small, then the adhesive can only be applied to the base.
After installing the tile, it is well pressed to the floor, this can be done using rubber mallet. Thus, lay all the tiles. Between them, you can leave gaps into which crosses are inserted, and after a day the seams are sealed with grout.
Features of laying without seams
In order to carry out a seamless laying of porcelain stoneware, it is necessary to purchase material on the edges of which there are no chamfers. Such a coating turns out to be beautiful and hygienic, since there is no place for the accumulation of moisture and dirt on it.
The disadvantage of seamless installation is that tiles must be perfect geometric shapes and in order for them to fit snugly against each other, grinding of the edges may be necessary. In the case of porcelain stoneware, grinding is very difficult due to the high hardness and strength of this material.
maybe fit only on concrete base
, on the wooden surfaces it is not mounted. To perform such work with high quality, you must have the appropriate experience and skills, and if you are doing seamless installation for the first time, then it is better to practice, for example, in a garage or in utility room, and only then proceed to cover the floor in the kitchen.
It is not recommended to lay porcelain stoneware without seams on the underfloor heating system, since when the surface is heated, there will be no room for it to expand, and the material may burst.
It is best to lay porcelain stoneware at a temperature of + 5 ... + 40 degrees. When working with adhesive composition, be sure to use personal protection: gloves, goggles. This will help protect your skin and eyes from getting glue on them.
If you plan to use porcelain stoneware big size, then the adhesive must be applied to the base and to the tile, so its consumption will increase, this must be taken into account when calculating the amount of materials.
Before preparing the glue, read the instructions and find out how long after preparation it retains its properties, depending on which brand of glue you purchased, it can be from 1.5 to 8 hours. You need to apply glue to a surface that you can tile in 10-15 minutes.
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Among the variety of floor coverings, porcelain stoneware enjoys special love from the consumer. Its aesthetic appeal, durability, strength are valued. And thanks to frost resistance, laying porcelain stoneware on the floor can be carried out even in unheated premises and under open sky. Often, the porch, decorated with this material, becomes the hallmark of the entire building. The special qualities of porcelain stoneware require the use of special tricks in styling technology.
Features of working with porcelain stoneware
Porcelain tiles are laid on the floor in the usual way. However, some specifications material affect making adjustments. In particular big weight of this floor covering becomes decisive in the selection of adhesive composition. regular glue in this situation it is better not to use. On the cement mortar it is also better not to lay it, because zero water absorption will negatively affect adhesion to the material. It is better to buy glue with large quantity polymers.
The strength of the material will make cutting it much more difficult. Therefore, in order for the laying of porcelain stoneware on the floor with your own hands to go without problems, you need to prepare both and the grinder.
The choice of the method of laying porcelain stoneware
To make the flooring happy appearance, you should think in advance which installation option is most appropriate for this room.
- Large tiles visually reduce, and small ones, especially light ones, increase the space;
- If you need to visually expand the room, you need the option of laying porcelain stoneware on the floor across the room;
- If you want to visually lengthen the space, then the tiles are placed along the room;
- If you need to visually combine 2 zones, you should apply a through pattern;
- To delimit zones, on the contrary, refer to different types styling.
Foundation preparation
Pre-leveled base - required condition for work. The surface of the floor must be smooth, without cracks, voids, completely clean. If there are differences exceeding 15 mm, perform a screed. Glossy surfaces are sanded so that they better adhere to the adhesive. If porcelain stoneware is being laid on a warm floor, then everything is turned off before starting work.
Work order
To work, you will need the following tools:
- rubber mallet;
- level;
- spatula (the size of the teeth is related to the size of the tile);
- crosses;
- solution container;
- grout.
Before starting work, the glue is diluted and allowed to stand for some time, for example 15 minutes. After that, you can start work. Step-by-step instruction, photos, videos will help to do everything right.
- The place of laying the first tile is marked. It is recommended to start from the middle of the room. To find her, along the very long wall stretch the cord. The 1st tile is located so that the cord, as it were, divides it into two parts.
- With a comb spatula, the solution is applied to the base, then to the part itself.
- The tile is applied to the marked place, tightly fixed.
- Several tapping movements are made on the tile so that the excess solution comes out and it lies more densely. If voids remain, then cracks may appear in the future.
- An indent is made from the first tile so that the gaps are the same everywhere, crosses are inserted.
You can influence the location of the tiles for 10 minutes after laying them. Then it is no longer possible to do so. Experts, telling how to lay porcelain stoneware on the floor, note that porcelain stoneware will settle over time, so if you put a new element at the same level as the previous ones, then they will subsequently be on different height. After all, the tiles laid earlier have already settled, and those that are just being laid will still settle.
If work is carried out on the porch, then it is better not to leave gaps. External corners, the protrusions are made out of whole tiles, and internal corners- cut fragments. Its own technology for laying porcelain stoneware on a wooden floor. For leveling, lay the base of moisture-resistant plywood, the glue is selected especially elastic. During the work, technological gaps are left.
The last step is grouting. The material for grouting in color can be contrasting, or it can be the same tone. Before applying the grout, the gaps are freed from all foreign objects. Movements during application should go diagonally, excess is immediately removed. The gaps between the walls and floors are filled with silicone, the same material must be used to fill the spaces near the pipes.
In the end, it remains only to check whether the work was carried out qualitatively. The surface is inspected. If there were no bulges, depressions, then everything was done correctly.
