Houses from a turnkey round log. How to make a log house from round timber with your own hands: stages and construction technology. Advantages of log houses

Features of the manufacture of a log house from roundwood

Log cabin from round timber - classic solution used in construction for centuries. Roundwood is chosen as a material for houses and baths, with the help of log cabins they build country houses and outbuildings. Logs have high thermal insulation qualities, while retaining all the advantages of a natural material. It is difficult to build the right frame from round timber with your own hands, but it is quite possible, but it is important to understand all the features of a wooden house.

Features of log houses

Log cabins from round wood do not lose their popularity, as this material allows for natural exchange and at the same time has a very low thermal conductivity. Such houses will comfortable temperature and at the same time a light pleasant atmosphere with a woody aroma that many people like. However, due to the round shape of the logs, the joints between them will need to be insulated.

A log house made of round timber can stand for a very long time; the best examples of wooden architecture stand for hundreds of years. For construction, several options for logs are used, and you need to decide on the most profitable of them:

• A skinned log is a tree trunk, from which only upper layer bark, knots and various irregularities are removed. At the same time, the natural protective layers of wood are preserved, so the material will be stronger and more durable. However, a skinned log always has different thickness at the base (butt) and top, so they will need to be alternated when laying.
• Rounded log - a type of roundwood that has passed special treatment. Several layers of wood are removed, only the densest remains middle part. In addition, the log acquires a smooth cylindrical shape so it will be easier to use.
• Sometimes a calibrated log is additionally isolated. Sanded trunks are selected strictly according to the diameter (caliber), so that the construction will be easier, and the walls will be more even.

Whichever option you choose, the round frame will be the most beautiful solution: log houses have excellent aesthetic qualities, their appearance is reminiscent of Russian fairy tales. The surface of the walls will have to be subjected protective treatment, but it will preserve the natural color and texture of the wood, so the building will look great.

Preparatory work before construction

How to make a frame from round timber? Building begins with a choice suitable material and project preparation. Pine houses remain the most popular in Russia: it is inexpensive, grows in almost all regions, and is easy to process.

Soft material will require additional protection, however, it can serve for quite a long time. A more expensive solution is a larch log house: this type of wood does not rot, and it only becomes stronger from moisture.

It is difficult to draw up a project on your own, especially if there is no experience in building drawings. However, you can find ready-made standard solutions and modify them according to personal preferences. You can contact a specialized company, where a professional architect will develop a project that is most suitable for all requests.

Stages of building a log house from a log

When all the preparatory work is completed, you can begin to assemble the log house on the site. The owner must decide on the type of foundation of the house: if a capital two-story building is being built, best solution a tape shallow foundation will become, and for a light small building it is suitable columnar base. The site is marked with pegs, between which ropes are stretched, after which it is possible to lay the foundation strictly along the resulting lines.

Strip foundation - a monolithic concrete strip, which is poured around the entire perimeter of the building. The concrete is reinforced reinforcing cage, that's why strip base remains one of the most durable and reliable.

After pouring the foundation, it needs to dry, it takes several weeks. Only after that it is possible to disassemble the formwork and proceed to the assembly of the log house.

The foundation requires careful waterproofing: roofing material is laid on it in several layers, bituminous mastic can also be used. The frame itself is assembled in several stages:

• The first crown is assembled from the thickest, strongest and most reliable logs that have to support the weight of the house. FROM bottom side they are hemmed so that they can be laid evenly on the foundation.

• Before laying the next crown on the log roll insulation. Its use will allow you to avoid constant caulking: linen or jute fiber, moss or other materials will not release heat outside, but from the side interventional insulation almost invisible.
• The log crowns are laid one on top of the other, not forgetting about the openings for doors and windows according to the project. Usually for professionals, assembly work takes only a few days, a novice master will have to carefully fit the logs to each other, this will take time.
• The last crown serves as a Mauerlat - the roof rafters will rest on it. For log cabins from round timber, they usually use the classic gable roof with a large slope so that snow does not linger on it. When the last crown is laid, they crash into it ceiling beams, and you can proceed to the installation of rafters in the chosen way.
• When the log cabin of the round timber bath is assembled, it must be allowed to stand for at least six months in order for the shrinkage processes to complete and the wood to dry as much as possible. Before that, it must be treated with an antiseptic so that rot does not start.

Only when the finished log house is dry, you can proceed to the insulation, external and interior decoration. It is imperative to insulate the subfloor, roof, attic, less often use additional wall insulation.

It will be easier to assemble a log house if you immediately purchase a ready-made house kit in which all the logs are already fitted to each other and numbered. In any case, the house will be warm, reliable and durable.

You need to enable JavaScript or update the player!

Currently, in construction, they are in excellent demand and are being implemented. original projects log houses. This fact can be attributed to today's continuation of the traditions of Russian wooden architecture. However, such fame does not always imply historical memory.

Peculiarities

The undoubted advantage of houses made of logs is environmental friendliness. They are always dominated by that unique atmosphere, characteristic only wooden buildings. The tree can autonomously regulate the necessary humidity in the rooms, with increased dampness taking away excess moisture and releasing it in dry air. The assembly of houses from high-quality logs can be carried out without the participation of construction equipment, only by the efforts of the construction team.

The rounded beam from the beginning to the end is always of the same diameter and is practically ready for use without any processing. In many cases, external and interior view structures do not require any additional finishing, because the tree is already quite beautiful and aesthetic. At proper insulation a log house retains heat much longer, for example, than a brick building.

The cost of a house made of rounded timber will be lower than the same area of ​​a building made of brick or stone.

It is clear that the tree has its drawbacks, as well as other building materials. Chief among them is increased vulnerability to periodic exposure moisture, unpredictable fire and various microorganisms. However, this issue is very easy to solve if the processing is done correctly. necessary elements facilities by special protective equipment. Wooden houses are subject to shrinkage. Giving up moisture, the log loses its original parameters, this process is especially felt for the first time in 2-3 years. For this reason, after assembly, the log house is left to stand for at least one year, and only after that they perform further work for finishing.

You can design if you want. two-storey houses with a bay window made of round or cylindrical logs various sizes, but The most popular are buildings with such dimensions as:

• 150 sq. m;
• 100 sq. m;
• 120 sq. m;
• 6x8 m;
• 6x6 m;
• 9x9 m;
• 6x9 m;
• 6 by 8 m.

Drawings and diagrams

Thinking about building a new house, you first need to choose a project that suits your taste and wallet. For this, you can already use finished projects or still turn to professional specialists, since some points are difficult to take into account when independent project. However, no one forbade creating rough sketches, diagrams and drawings for amateurs. Often inner space wooden houses are divided into two zones: residential and utility. The first is further divided into evening and daytime. These, in turn, are divided into separate rooms for adults, children and potential guests.

The day part includes such premises as an entrance hall, a small vestibule, a living room. The pantry belongs to the household, cozy kitchen, optional laundry, car garage, boiler room and others.

In addition, it is quite possible to reduce the cost of a future dream home made of logs due to even a minimal reduction in the number of corridors and halls. To do this, you will need to connect several rooms with each other at the time of design. For example, on the balcony of the bedroom, you can make an office, and equip some of the rooms with walk-throughs. One of optimal solutions a plan of a house made of wood is considered, where the kitchen merges with the living dining area.

Approximate drawing of the layout of the first floor of the house 10x9 m

It is desirable for all family members to equip private rooms. You can all gather together in a large living room or in special room for relax.

Drawing of the second floor

If several families are planned to live in the house, then their territory should be provided own rooms, a separate bathroom, and, if possible, an exit. Premises for elderly family members will be more conveniently located on the lower floor. It is advisable to plan at least two different entrances in the house: one from the side of the terrace or, for example, a veranda, and make the other from the side of the entrance to the site.

The staircase and its platform need good lighting. Therefore, to solve this issue, it would be best to make a window through which the sun's rays will enter the room.

House plan 8x8 m with attic and terrace

Important: when choosing or creating a house project from a log, experts categorically prohibit using projects from another building material.

By itself, wood, if we consider it as a building material, is quite aesthetic and noble. Therefore, when arranging the interior in a wooden house, owners very often, if not completely exclude, then minimize the use of non-natural (synthetic or plastic) decorative elements. The interior of the house should be decorated, emphasizing the natural, natural beauty tree. There are several styles to create a cozy environment for future housing.

Russian style in the interior of modernity implies harmonious combination traditional style Russian wooden hut and design manners of the present. When decorating a house in this style, you should feel the measure so that the design does not turn into a clumsy popular print. To recreate the right atmosphere of a Russian hut, designers recommend using a number of techniques.

• For decoration modern home, especially with large areas, you can use a fireplace stylized as a Russian stove. It can also be simply simulated, given the impossibility of using its direct purpose.
• Natural, high-quality wooden furniture will complement the interior in Russian style. In the kitchen you can put a large dinner table, symbolizing hospitality and hospitality, and around the table instead of ordinary chairs set up benches. Carving elements can be evenly included in the furniture design.
• Accessories should reflect the identity of the style, while not forgetting about ethnic characteristics locality or, conversely, revealing the features of the region, from which places the owners of the house come from.
• Textiles must be natural. Beautiful, lacy white tablecloths and curtains, rugs self made, embroidered towels - all this will create additional comfort and decorate your home.

Country style for a modern home is quite free and depends on national specifics and taste priorities of future residents.

• Northern peoples prefer home decoration natural stone. They will surely provide for the presence of a fireplace, and under their feet they will lay the skin of a wild beast.
• The style of the southern peoples determines the presence of a veranda or terrace, furniture arrangement will not exclude light garden elements as well as rocking chairs.
• British country implies a rather simple home decoration, diluted with unusual details, for example, a Persian carpet, a lot of glass elements, lacquered furniture and other elements. Additionally, country style can be decorated forged elements and products, which will give the room refinement of taste and solidity of things.

In retro style, the fundamental principle is taken noble estate, which implies the embodiment of the idea of ​​a family nest. Techniques such as, for example, imitation of aged walls are used. Instead interior doors curtains with beautifully flowing waves are used. Black and white are placed in strict frames. family photos antique.

For the arrangement of rooms, such unusual vintage decor elements as grates on fireplaces, heavy chests of drawers, Forged Products, oak desk semi-antique and even candelabra with candlesticks.

The main purpose of the retro style is to lay some family traditions of future residents in the decor of the Internet.

materials

During construction wooden houses logs are applied standard sizes diameter from 180 to 280 mm in 20 mm increments. The thickness of the log is selected based on the size and number of storeys of the house. However, the choice of the rounded log diameter does not always depend on the reliability requirements. The size of the log should also match the size of the house. For example, if you add big house area 400 square meters from a log with a diameter of 200 mm, then the structure will look as if it was folded from matches.

An important factor is also the place of origin of the tree.

• One of the best options for construction is the "northern" grade of wood, which is harvested in Arkhangelsk, Murmansk, Kirovsk, Karelia, Vologda and in Finland. Due to cold climatic conditions the tree grows more slowly, which explains the increased density of growth rings. This type of wood is very strong and dense, but at the same time easily processed.
• Wood from Siberia, harvested in the region of the Angara River, is more resistant to decay, its knotiness is less than that of the northern one. Her distinguishing feature is a peculiar reddish color which explains the increased resin content.
• Pine from middle lane Russia (Tver, Vladimir, Kostroma) has a lower density, as a result of which it retains heat better at home, is less prone to cracks than Siberian or northern, but at the same time suffers more from negative impact moisture.

In order to avoid the appearance of cracks in the rounded log during drying, immediately after laying it in the log house, it is necessary to treat its ends with lime or PVA glue - this will help the moisture to exit the log evenly.

A high-quality cottage is not necessarily a stone building with two or three floors. No less reliable and at the same time beautiful and environmentally friendly is a house made of round timber. This cottage will become a family pride.

Round timber is a rounded, sanded or calibrated log prepared in production, which has a single circular cross-section along its entire length with a tolerance of 0.8% from its total length. The surface of the round timber, as a rule, is ideally cleaned and treated at the production stage with antiseptics and flame retardants.

Important: a log can also be called a round timber manual felling, which is processed exclusively with an ax, as is done in Belarus (in Kobrin) and in Russia. But here the diameter of the wood may diverge somewhat at the two ends of the log. And therefore, the laying of the house is carried out in this case with a constant change in the diameters of the tree in each crown, in order to compensate for the differences in sections in this way and not to disturb the horizontal laying of the crowns.

The choice of wood for round timber

All houses from round log usually mounted from conifers tree. At the same time, the properties of each type of wood are somewhat different:

• So, a pine log is the most popular for the construction of a wooden house. The cost of such a tree is much lower than other types of wood. However, pine copes well with temperature changes and retains heat well. The only disadvantage of pine is the formation of cracks during log shrinkage.
• Larch. More expensive type of wood for installation one-story house or two-storey cottage. At elevated level humidity larch becomes even stronger. That is why it is used for laying the lower crowns of the house.
• Spruce. Most often used for mounting all internal walls at home. The spruce log has an even light shade over the entire surface. In addition, spruce enriches the air in the house with valuable aromas of coniferous resins. For laying the exterior walls of the house, spruce is used less often, since the tree has a fibrous structure, which opens up when moisture gets on the log.
• Fir. It has the highest cost among other types of wood, so it is used quite rarely. Cedar wood can also be equated to fir. A house made of such types of wood will be beautiful and durable, but very expensive. There is no need to talk about how much this type of wood costs.

Benefits of a log frame

Features of a wooden house made of round timber form an increased demand for the construction of cottages from such material. The main advantages of log cottages include:

• Absolute environmental friendliness of the material;
• High breathability of wood, which creates an optimal microclimate in the house;
• The low thermal conductivity of round logs allows you to save resources on heating the cottage in the cold season and provides warmth in the house;
• The evaporation of valuable coniferous resins into the atmosphere during the construction of a house and its operation has a beneficial effect on respiratory system household members;
• Besides, log houses differ in durability (it can stand for about 80 years or more) and the ability to build cottages in seismically hazardous regions.

Types of round timber for home installation

To build a round timber house, you can use one of the types of logs that the construction market offers. The quality of each of the presented types of wood is the same, the difference is only in the type of wood processing. So, you can buy such a round log:

• rounded log. This type of log is subjected to simple processing, removing the top layer (bark) and the next (bast) from it with a scraper, cleaning it from branches and resin pockets. As a result, the rounded round timber has the most dense base on the surface. This wood processing technology is successfully used in Kobrin (Belarus).
• Skinned log. It is this type of round timber that has discrepancies in thickness at its different ends, since only a thin layer of bark and branches is removed during its processing. At the same time, the goal of giving the log a single section over the entire thickness is not worth it in production.
• Calibrated log. Construction material perfectly matched to the diameter. All elements have the same cross section, which simplifies the installation of the crowns of the house.

Important: when performing work using any type of log, voids and gaps between the crowns are inevitable. Therefore, professionals recommend filling the free space well with insulation. In this case, dry moss has proven itself very well, which is also an antiseptic for wood.

Calculation of the number of logs

Before you start building a cottage from a round timber log, you need to calculate how many cubes you need for a house of finished material. Accurate calculations will allow you not to overpay for an extra tree. Calculations are not difficult to perform, the main thing is to know the design length of the walls of the house. For example, let's take a house, the perimeter of which will be 6x6 m.

Important: when designing a log house from round timber, it is important to consider that standard length logs 6 meters. Therefore, the length of the wall should be equal to this indicator. If you want to make the house bigger, then a competent architect places the joints of the log along the length in the cuts (in those places where perpendicular walls). Another way of designing is considered gross mistake. Such projects of a house made of round timber cannot be used.

So, we perform the calculation as follows:

• We will use round timber with a section of 28 cm as a building material. It is worth remembering that a larger section of a log will ultimately lead to material savings, and hence the construction budget.
• In addition to the cross section of the log, it is worth knowing the height of the log house. As a rule, the height of the walls of one floor is 2.4 m. In our calculations, we will take 3 m as an indicator in order to have some stock of material.
• So, now we divide the height of the wall by the section of one log, that is, 300:28 = 10.71. We get 11 logs on one wall and add to this value a log on the lower crown of the house. In total, we have 12 round timber on the wall of the house.
• The resulting number must be multiplied by the number of walls of the cottage, that is, by 4. As a result, we get 12x4 = 48 logs needed for the construction of the outer walls of the cottage. But the round timber is not sold by the piece. It is sold in cubic meters. Therefore, you will have to calculate the required volume of the tree in cubic meters.

It is worth knowing that for each log diameter there is a different amount of round timber per cubic meter of material. The table looks like this:

• Log diameter 180 mm - 6.5 logs per m3;
• Log 220 mm - 5.3 pieces/m3;
• Round timber 220 mm - 4.38 pieces/m3;
• Log 240 mm - 3.69 pieces/m3;
• Log with a section of 260 mm - 3.14 pieces / m3;
• Log 280 mm - 2.7 pieces/m3.

That is, in our case, only 2.7 pieces of wood go to one cubic meter of a log with a diameter of 28 cm. Now we simply divide the number of logs needed by the number of pieces per m3 - 48:2.7=17.77 m3. We round up to 18 m3 and go shopping for building material.

We mount a log house

You can make a cottage out of round timber with your own hands, if you have at least some carpentry skills. But first you have to mount (make) the foundation for the cottage. As a rule, a tape shallow-depth basis is mounted under the frame. It must be waterproofed at the stage of pouring the solution, and also reinforced with steel rods. From above, the foundation is waterproofed with roofing material and bituminous mastic, but only after the final drying of the concrete.

Important: do not forget to make ventilation in the foundation so that wooden structure breathing from the floor. Otherwise, the tree will rot faster.

Wall mounting

The walls of the house from round timber should be laid on a lining board. She will protect lower crowns log house from rotting. As a material for the lining board, it is better to use moisture-resistant larch. The board is laid strictly horizontally on a waterproofed foundation. In this case, the lining should be anchored to the base and additionally treated with bituminous mastic.

Already on top of the backing board, the first crown of logs is mounted. Round timber at the corners are joined in several ways:

• "Into the bowl". This method requires additional processing of the wood in order to form bowls for connecting the wood at the corners. This method is considered the most aesthetic and at the same time warm. That is, cold bridges are practically excluded under the condition quality styling insulation between round logs. With this method of laying, the log should be with a Finnish groove (a small notch round section along the entire length). Thus, the upper round timber lies more tightly on the lower one, which makes the cottage warmer. Such joining of logs is also called "in oblo".
• Connection "in the paw". This method of mounting wooden houses from round timber is also called "cold corner". Here, the ends of the logs are hewn in such a way that they take on a trapezoidal section and are joined to each other at an angle of 90 degrees. This method of joining the corners of the log house is more laborious, and its result is not always pleasing. quality heat in the house.

The main points of working with a log during installation

It is necessary to build a house from a log in compliance with certain standards and rules. It is thanks to a competent approach that the log house will be strong and reliable on long years. Even if you choose to build cottage, but a log house with an attic and a balcony, as shown in the photographs below. So, the basic principles of the installation of a log house:

• Before laying, it is desirable to dry and treat all round timber with antiseptics and flame retardants.
• When installing logs, they must be fixed with wooden dowels (pre-prepared from hard rock wood pins). The pins are driven into the grooves drilled in the logs, hammering them to the full depth.
• Pins should be located in each 3-4 crown with a step of 1.5-2 meters and with an offset of the pins hammered below (in a checkerboard pattern).
• In the proposed window and doorways you need to drive the dowels to the entire height of the opening.
• After the house is ready, it needs to be given time to shrink (1-2 years). And only after that they cut openings for windows and doors.
• Also, it is necessary to caulk a log house only after it shrinks.
• As finishing houses from round wood the log is sanded and varnished.

Roof of the house

The roof of the log house after the house is completely seated. And this is neither more nor less - 1.5-2 years. Otherwise, the roof can lead a lot and the work will have to be redone.

Installation of rafters is carried out on the Mauerlat, which is top crown log house. It makes the appropriate cuts under the rafters. Then the first farm is assembled on the ground and lifted up. Attached to the Mauerlat with metal corners. Further, according to the scheme with a step of 60 cm, all other trusses (rafters) are mounted. The roof is sheathed with crate, hydro and vapor barrier, and then covered roofing material. On this, the construction of the house can be considered completed. Fully built wooden frame requires only the final design of the interior in the style of country, chalet, Mediterranean or classic.
Video of a round house:

Rounded logs are a popular construction material used for building wooden cottages, country houses, baths, log cabins and other structures. His distinguishing feature- maximum closeness to the natural shape of the tree trunk, which makes it possible to build buildings that are attractive and authentic appearance. The rounded log has a rounded shape and is manufactured industrially. Each element goes machining- rounding, during which the top layer is removed and the material is given a strict rounded shape. Then the drying process takes place and only after that the workpieces are processed special formulations and impregnations that improve the aesthetic and performance characteristics. On some blanks are additionally prepared special bowls under the grooves, spikes, ridges, so on construction site ready-to-use elements arrive.

Advantages of log houses

Log houses made of logs are one of the most popular types buildings due to a number of advantages:

• high environmental friendliness. In the production of rounded logs, glue and other chemicals that adversely affect health are not used;
• neatness and attractive appearance. The construction of houses from rounded logs is carried out from blanks of the same diameter, which have a flat, smooth surface, which ensures high aesthetics and originality of the design;
• no need for external finishing. The undulating relief is their original visiting card, which allows you to significantly save the budget when building a house;
• durability. Wood is a durable and wear-resistant material, therefore, subject to right technology building a house made of logs can last for decades;
• good thermal protection. The tree has excellent thermal insulation characteristics.

In addition, the construction of houses from logs does not take much time. The blanks do not require editing, they fit perfectly and are folded into a log house. Therefore, if you have decided to order a log house, you can be prepared for the fact that in a few weeks a finished structure will grow on your site.

Every homeowner who decides to get their own country house the question arises: what building material should be preferred so that it is reliable and profitable in terms of finances? Today the choice is the most diverse. It can be brick, concrete, aerated concrete, shell or any other material.
But despite this diversity, wooden houses from a round log do not lose their relevance to this day.

The round log house is considered a classic of the genre. Wood has been used in the construction of buildings for centuries. Even today you can find log cabins of churches and residential buildings.

Round log houses: projects and prices

Cottages made of such material can be of the most diverse layout and type. This is a bathhouse, a one-story seasonal cottage or a whole mansion in which you can live. all year round. Among the most popular projects, we can distinguish three types of houses from a turnkey round log:

1. "Russian hut" - a classic of Russian architecture stylized modern requirements. Internal layout at home standard supplemented brick oven. Such buildings are complemented by traditional carved shutters, platbands and more. It all depends on the preferences of the customer.
2. "House-chalet" - Swiss style. The peculiarity of such cottages is a special form pitched roof with large overhangs. As a rule, such a mansion is erected in two floors or an attic.
3. "Finnish House" - Scandinavian style. Such buildings are quite spacious inside. Finns and Norwegians primarily prefer quality and practicality, rather than aesthetics.

On the websites and in the catalogs of companies there is an opportunity to get acquainted with a wide variety of projects. Houses made of round logs, photos of which can be viewed on the site are very attractive and stylish. You can choose the most best option by square footage and cost.

Turnkey round timber house: main advantages and disadvantages

So why are logs and timber so popular? This material has both advantages and disadvantages.

First about the pros:

• Wood itself is a unique material.
• In such cottages it is quite warm. Due to the special structure, the tree is able to retain heat. The savings here are obvious. At the same time, the material blocks extraneous sounds well.
• As a rule, logs are dried before use, by weight they become lighter than other building materials. There is no need to lay a serious foundation in such conditions.
• Affordable price for a round log house.
• Simple and fast installation.
• Natural wood can decorate any mansion.

Wooden houses will always be especially popular among homeowners no matter what.