Stretch ceilings. Stretch ceiling installation: building materials and fasteners used during installation, installation features Installation of stretch ceilings made of PVC film

Stretch ceilings - high art

A stretch ceiling is a perfectly flat surface created by stretching a special PVC film around the perimeter of the room.

Stretch ceiling is a great alternative to other methods of finishing the ceiling, such as painting, leveling with plaster, installation false ceiling. The reasons are simple: a stretch ceiling is able to create flat surface even if the condition of the ceiling surface is unsatisfactory.

Experts say that even with a difference of 50 mm, not every plasterer is able to level the plane of the ceiling. In addition to finding a professional to perform this work, you will also need serious cash costs for the purchase of building materials. As a result, the installation of stretch ceilings can save you time and money, while installation is carried out without the presence of construction waste.

Stretch ceilings are very fond of designers, because this material provides ample opportunities for decorating the space, giving it the necessary color, atmosphere.

PVC film, due to its properties, can be used both in offices and apartments, as well as in bathrooms, child care facilities and even hospitals.

Specifications

PVC film has a number of unique qualities that allow you to mount stretch ceilings in rooms of various specializations: moisture resistance, fire safety (class M1 - does not support combustion), high strength (the film can withstand weight up to 100 kg per 1 sq.m. of the surface), installation speed ceiling, ease of use, service life up to 50 years, a wide range of colors and textures. (The texture of the stretch ceiling can be matte, semi-matte, glossy, suede, leather, varnish).

Stretch ceilings are divided into seamless and welded. Seamless ceilings are mounted with one panel on full surface base ceiling, while welded ones are assembled from several parts. Welded stretch ceilings are used when a large volume is to be decorated.

Seamless stretch ceilings- This is a thin mesh fabric treated with a special polymer impregnation. A roll of seamless ceilings has a length of up to 5 meters.

This makes it possible to mount a single space without seams. Seamless stretch ceilings have a high level of strength. In case of flooding, they are able to hold not only cold, but also hot water. The positive properties of seamless ceilings include frost resistance, environmental friendliness (according to European standards). Seamless stretch ceilings can be mounted in rooms without central heating: The ceiling film is able to withstand temperature differences from -40°C to +50°C.

Welded stretch ceilings- these are strips of durable and elastic vinyl film with a width of 1.3 m to 3.2 m, which are subsequently welded on special equipment. Despite the minimum size of the seam, the technology requires it to be positioned perpendicular to the window. PVC film ceilings are resistant to various chemicals and are not combustible (the film melts under the influence of temperature).

The film of stretch ceilings is treated with a special antistatic coating, which prevents dust from settling on them.

The history of stretch ceilings

The prototype of stretch ceilings can be considered the ancient Roman technology, in which fabric stretch ceilings were made in the house. The material was matched to the color of the room and changed when the ceiling faded and covered with dust. An interesting way to decorate the ceiling was invented in Armenia. Since the 17th century, coarse calico soaked in chalk began to be used here. Wet fabric was pulled over the frame, and after the fabric dried, it shrinked, and the ceiling seemed perfectly flat.

A new stage in the decoration of ceilings came when PVC polymer films were invented. In the 60s of the last century, specialists from the French company Barrisol, which at that time specialized in the production aluminum profile, designed a shop window, and one of the workers suggested pulling a strong pvc film. The technology seemed interesting to the designers, films of various textures and colors were created, methods for fastening profiles, finishing communications, sockets were invented. In Europe, the heyday of the era of stretch ceilings fell on the 80s of the last century, and in Russia the first factories producing stretch ceilings appeared in 2000.

Stretch ceiling construction

A stretch ceiling is an individually made product (sheet) created from individual strips of PVC film. The canvas of the stretch ceiling is cut out exactly according to the size of the room, taking into account all its features. It should be noted that the area of one panel is limited due to the possible sagging of the film. Therefore, indoors big size additional supports are used, with the help of which the ceiling is assembled from several canvases. Stretch ceilings are installed as follows: the panel is attached to an aluminum or hard plastic profile, which is mounted to the walls of the ceiling. After installing the ceiling, technological holes are cut for the chandelier (lamps), pipelines, fire alarm sensors.

Manufacturers of various brands of stretch ceilings have developed their own methods for attaching PVC film.

1. Harpoon ceilings(manufacturers Barrisol, Grupa DPS, Extenzo, NewMat, Novelum, Carre Noir, etc.) - welding is carried out along the contour of the panel of the edging made of rigid PVC, which has the shape of a harpoon hook in cross section.

2. Wedge ceilings(manufacturer Mondea) – the PVC film web is clamped with a spacer profile (like fabric in an embroidery hoop).

3. Ceilings cam-mounted(manufacturer Prestige Design and Skol) - in this case, the PVC sheet is clamped with two “cams” included in the mounting profile. It should be noted that this method of fastening allows you to stretch the canvas just 8 mm from the main ceiling.

4. Polyester fabric ceilings(manufacturer ClipsO) - the ceiling canvas is fixed with a flexible cord.

The technology makes it possible to use both traditional chandeliers and lamps, as well as their spot versions in a room with a stretch ceiling. The only condition is that the lighting fixtures should not overheat the ceiling canvas, so the power of the lamps is limited. For incandescent lamps, the limit is 60 W, halogen lamps - 35W.

A drawing for a ceiling pattern is made by a professional technologist, after the pattern (if it is a harpoon ceiling), the canvas is processed along the perimeter with a flexible plate (harpoon). This completes the patterning process, the canvas is washed by special means, dried and folded with the help of interlayer gaskets into a heat-insulating film. In this form, the canvas is delivered to the installation site.

Materials and invoices

Manufacturers use soft PVC film with a thickness of 0.17–0.22 mm. Specific gravity film is 180–320 g/sq. m; sound absorption coefficient - 0.4; light absorption coefficient - from 30% ("lacquer") to 95% ("velvet" textures); tensile strength along the length - 17 N / sq. mm, width - 13 N/sq. mm; under load, it can stretch 2.2 times. PVC film withstands air temperatures from -30°С to +70°С; in the cold, the film becomes brittle and hard, but all its properties are restored with increasing temperature.

Stretch ceilings made of polyester fabric have other properties. Polyester fabric 0.25 mm thick, weight 200 g/sq. m impregnated with thermosetting polyurethane, the strength is 15-20 times higher than PVC film. Polyester fabric is difficult to cut or mechanically damage, the fabric retains its elasticity at a temperature of -30 °C. The width of a standard roll is 4 m. Polyurethane cannot be welded, therefore, if it is required to decorate a ceiling of a larger area, pieces of material are connected using a special profile (or sewn together). The polyester fabric has White color, slightly rough structure.

After installation, the ceiling looks like a traditional white one, sometimes decorators use tinting or paint the ceiling with acrylic paints.

Textures of stretch ceilings

PVC film gives wide opportunity for creating various textures of stretch ceilings and drawings. Let's list some of them. Matte- smooth or with a rough whitewash, reminiscent of plastered ceilings. Suitable for a room with a traditional design. satin- a canvas with a smooth, shallow embossing, it resembles a perfectly painted surface. Lacquer- a canvas with such a texture gives the ceiling depth and volume, it reflects the room like in a mirror. Metallic and high-tech- canvases with a silver coating. Moire- the texture of the stretch ceiling shimmers with bizarre waves. Light-scattering (translucid) PVC film- its use allows you to create unusual lighting effects on the ceilings and walls of the premises. Texture natural material - leather, suede, velvet and wood. Venetian plaster and patina- to give the room the flavor of an old building.

Stretch ceilings are modern way quickly decorate the ceiling, give it a perfectly even look, make the room elegant and stylish.

The article was provided by the MIR POTOLKOV Group of Companies.

A beautiful and even ceiling sets a positive tone for the whole room, whether we are dealing with a huge conference room, high-tech office, living room, kitchen, corridor or even a bathroom. For a long time, a perfectly aligned plaster ceiling was at the top of popularity, then false ceilings came to replace, and today more and more more people prefer tension. And this is quite natural, they have a lot of advantages. Stretch ceilings are quickly manufactured and installed, you don’t need to breathe putty dust and make a mess in the whole house, they are very light and durable, you can be completely sure that nothing will ever fall and fall on your head. And most importantly - a lot of colors and textures will allow you to create your own style, individual and unique. In this case, the configuration of the room is not significant, and the current state of the ceiling is not important at all.

You can install such a ceiling anywhere, it is not afraid of direct sun rays, temperature and humidity changes, easy to clean.

Essence and value

In essence, a stretch ceiling is a fabric that is stretched and fixed on special cornices or profiles. The result is a perfectly flat surface with high operational properties. The canvas can be fabric, but PVC film canvases are the most popular, they are quite durable, easy to install and operate.

The average cost of a stretch ceiling is commensurate with the cost of plastered. However, the price can vary significantly depending on the type of canvas (matt, satin, gloss) and the country of its production, profiles (plastic or metal), availability additional elements(lamps, chandeliers, cornices), the number of corners in the room.

Installation preparation

Walls and ceilings must be properly prepared before hanging the ceiling.

First of all, the walls must be even, that is, at least plastered or sewn with drywall. Special attention should be given to the corners, they should be straight. Failure to comply with the configuration of the corners can have very sad consequences. If, for certain reasons, the angle is not straight (architectural solution, design move), then this must be taken into account when making measurements.

The ceiling must be cleaned of the old coating, especially putty, thoroughly dried. Interpanel and docking seams must be carefully sealed - foamed or smeared with special mastic. The use of putties for this purpose is not recommended.

For complete certainty, it is desirable to prime the surface of the ceiling. This will not take much time, but it will definitely protect you from fine dust and grains of sand, which, crumbling onto the film, can spoil its appearance.

Required Tools

Of the global adaptations, it is required, first of all, heat gun and a gas bottle.

Everything else can be found in any garage or pantry:

Building water level. The bigger, the better;

Laser level. It is indispensable when beating the fastening lines of baguettes, it is very risky and difficult to use the usual level at this stage;

Roulette. At least along the length of the largest wall;

Perforator. Depending on the type of walls, you can get by with a good drill, or you need a powerful percussion tool;

Screwdriver. It should be very compact, since you will have to work under the very ceiling;

Flat spatula or spatula. Several are better.

Plus, depending on the height of the ceiling, you need one or more stairs, or reliable tables.

Mounting technology

The installation technology of a stretch ceiling is very simple and does not take much time. Initially, the room is carefully measured, at this stage all the nuances regarding the number and location of light sources, the arrangement of the frame and other things are agreed upon. The data thus obtained serve as the basis for the manufacture of all components by the manufacturer. Ready set constituent parts mounted directly on site. Heated above 65 degrees, the film is stretched from corner to corner and tucked into pre-assembled profiles. Heating is carried out by a heat gun directly at the installation site. The canvas can be installed on the frame using cam, wedge or harpoon mounts.

Choice of mounting method

Mounting technology is largely determined by which mounting mechanism is selected. The cam method uses a special profile rigidly fixed to the wall. One side of the profile is adjacent to the wall, the other is a spring-loaded cam. Using a spatula or a conventional spatula, the edge of the polyvinyl film folded in half is tucked under the cam, which securely fixes it. Stretching, the canvas creates additional pressure, which catches the barb of the springy cam and presses it even harder.

The wedge installation method is more common. With this technology, a baguette is attached around the perimeter of the room, which has two landing grooves. The edge of the film is wrapped in the first of them, after which a special wedge (glazing bead) is hammered. The film wedged in this way is securely held in the baguette. The protruding edge of the film is cut off, after which a decorative strip is inserted into the second groove, which hides the film landing site and gives the whole structure additional rigidity.

The third possible method of fastening is harpoon technology. In this case, along the perimeter of the finished film, cut according to the size of the room, welded plastic profile resembling a harpoon. The harpoon is invested in seat on a baguette and securely fixed there with a hook-hook. This technology has a number of advantages over others, in particular, it allows the harmless removal of the film, and saves installation time directly on site, since most of the work is done with preliminary preparation. The fastening mechanism is closed with a decorative plinth.

Mounting procedure

The first thing to do before starting installation work is to determine the depth of the ceiling. Having chosen the depth, you need to mark it on one of the walls, and then use the building level to transfer it to all corners. According to the ready-made angular landmarks, draw mounting lines around the entire perimeter. Based on broken control lines installation of fixing baguettes is carried out. Baguettes are fixed with dowels of small diameter (6-8 mm) and screws of the required length.

At this stage, it is important to be especially careful, since electrical wiring can often be found at the level of the mount. To avoid damage, you should first evaluate the location of the wires, the sockets, switches and electrical boxes present will help with this. If it is impossible or dangerous to fix the wall profile under the existing conditions, it is better to use the ceiling profile.

After installing the baguettes, we proceed to arrange places for future chandeliers and lamps. For mounting all types of lighting fixtures, embedded consoles are installed. There are many ready-made options, however, if necessary, they can be made with your own hands, using plywood or OSB. Consoles are attached to the ceiling in the right places, and wires are led out through them.

The next step is hanging the film. To do this, the canvas is unfolded and, with the help of special tongs, is attached to the baguettes at the corners of the room. All flammable substances and objects that are contraindicated in high temperature should be removed from the room.

With a heat gun connected to gas cylinder, carefully warm the canvas over the entire area to 70 degrees. This stage requires accuracy, since high temperatures can quite easily damage furniture and room furnishings. The heated film is stuffed into baguettes. You can perform this procedure using a conventional construction spatula or a special spatula. In essence, there is no difference, each master is characterized by his own acquired technique. In any case, the result should be high level. If there are small wrinkles or small folds on the ceiling, do not be sad, as the film cools, it will stretch and they will disappear.

Installation of stretch ceilings is rightfully considered one of the most progressive and modern methods of finishing ceilings, firstly, because of the speed of installation tension structures and secondly, in terms of design. However, the seemingly simple system of PVC ceilings is actually very laborious and difficult to install on your own.

In this regard, most customers prefer to turn to the services of professionals who have sufficient experience and have specialized installation equipment and tools.

Do-it-yourself installation of a stretch ceiling with a great desire, of course, is possible, but, one way or another, a call to specialists is necessary: only they can make qualified measurements and manufacture PVC sheets of the required parameters in accordance with them (see). Read on to learn more about stretch ceiling technology.

Building materials and fasteners used during installation

To install stretch ceiling structures, the following materials will be required:

PVC profile (baguette) designed for stretch ceilings;
a canvas made from a polyvinyl chloride film (PVC) - it is joined by soldering from the required number of pieces of material and bordered around the perimeter with a harpoon;
flashing - a decorative element that will close the gap formed between the wall and the stretch ceiling;
self-tapping screws and dowels - will be needed for attaching profiles to walls or a ceiling base.

Profile for stretch ceiling systems

Manufacturers offer to purchase not only a PVC baguette, but also aluminum (see). The classification of the profile depending on the method of fastening is as follows:

wall-mounted - the most popular view baguette; it is fixed on the walls and, according to the method of installation, resembles the fastening of the guide profile during the construction of false ceilings from plasterboard;
ceiling - fixed to the ceiling and is used in cases where it is not possible to install the profile on the walls;

separation - a connecting baguette used when it is required to install a ceiling in large areas (60 m 2 or more); in this case, the probability of PVC sheet sagging under the weight of its own weight is quite high, so stretch ceilings are installed in the form of separate mounting groups.

Advice! As a rule, a profile for stretch ceilings is produced with a length of 2.50 m, but during installation it can be cut with a “grinder” into segments of the required length.

Installation of a stretch ceiling involves the initial installation of a baguette to the walls or ceiling around the perimeter of the room, as well as further fixing and tensioning the PVC film (see).

PVC web and harpoon system

The canvas is made, as already mentioned, from rolls of PVC film. Rolls of film with a glossy texture are produced in widths of 1.3, 1.5 and 1.8 m; matte width is 1.5, 2.0 and 2.7 m. The required number of segments of the same color is prepared, which are then connected by soldering.

The joints are thin and straight, after installation they are almost invisible. The pattern of the canvas is made with a smaller area relative to the ceiling by 5-15%, which is necessary for stretching the film and obtaining a high-quality result - a perfectly flat ceiling (see).

A harpoon is a flexible but rigid PVC plate of a special shape, fastened by welding around the perimeter of the canvas and used to fix it in a baguette. The harpoon has a greater density than the canvas itself, and is quite simply inserted into the profiles. The device of stretch ceilings involves secure fastening harpoon in baguettes, it happens without any effort. This fastener is named so because of the similarity with the design of a well-known fishing tool.

Experts call the harpoon fastening system one of the strongest and most reliable: it can handle not only the load formed by the weight of the stretch ceiling, but also additional effects. For example, it is able to withstand a significant amount of water in the event that your apartment is flooded by neighbors from above.

Stretch ceiling installation

Installation of stretch ceilings is carried out in this order:

Marking is applied to the walls - a horizontal line along which the profile will be attached.

Advice! Marking on the walls before mounting the baguette should be applied using the building level. This will ensure perfect evenness of the lines and a high-quality end result.

By means of self-tapping screws, a baguette is installed on the markup.
The PVC sheet is hung with hooks from the draft ceiling.
The room where the installation is made is heated to a temperature of 50-60 0 C, for which a heat gun is used.
Through certain time the film acquires elasticity and softness, becomes easily stretchable. This means that it is the turn of attaching the canvas to the baguette. The PVC sheet is stretched, the harpoon system is inserted into the profile with a construction spatula. After the harpoon cools down, it straightens inside the baguette, forming a strong connection.

The room is cooled to room temperature, after which the film is compressed and stretched. During this process, the canvas is finally straightened, and the surface of the ceiling becomes smooth and beautiful.
The final step is the installation of a decorative flashing. He "hides" the gaps between the baguette and the walls. The flashing is fixed on the profile by means of specially provided teeth placed on both fasteners. The decorative element is made from the same material as the harpoon and is purchased together with it.

The installation of stretch ceiling structures is presented in the video of the relevant topic, presented on our portal.

This is how the installation of stretch ceilings looks like. Despite the complexity self installation, now you know its technology, and this will help to control and evaluate the work of invited specialists. Choose stretch ceilings for your home, and it will be a model of style and beauty not only for you, but also for your friends and acquaintances.

1.1. This flow sheet has been developed for a set of works on the installation of Clipso stretch ceilings in residential and administrative buildings in order to improve the appearance inside the premises, as well as to use the space between the ceiling and the ceiling for laying engineering communications for various purposes (ventilation ducts, electrical and low-current wiring, pipelines). The purpose of creating the presented technological map was the need to propose a recommended scheme technological process on the work, show the composition and content of the TTK, examples of filling in the necessary tables.

On the basis of this technological map, technological maps can be developed for the installation of other structures of stretch ceilings with various stylistic solutions in relation to specific operating conditions of the premises. The technological map under consideration can be tied to a specific object and accepted constructive dimensions, and can also be used in the development of projects for the production of works (PPR). At the same time, production schemes, scopes of work, labor costs, mechanization means, materials, equipment, etc. are specified.

1.2. To link or develop technological maps as initial data and documents, you need:

working drawings of structures and dimensions of internal walls and ceilings of premises;
building codes and regulations (SNiP, SN, VSN, SP);
instructions, standards, factory instructions and specifications (TS) for the main materials used (ceiling cloth, fastening fittings, etc.);
unified norms and prices for construction and installation works (ENiR, GESN-2001);
production norms for the consumption of materials (NPRM);
progressive norms and prices, maps of the organization of labor and labor processes used in the construction of brick exterior walls.

2. General provisions

2.1. For the device of a stretch ceiling, a fabric is used, proposed in 1997 by the Swiss company Clipso A.G. The basis of the stretch ceiling is a fabric made on a wide loom in the form of a single piece of fabric. synthetic fabric complex knitted knitting. The fabric is impregnated special composition polyurethane. This canvas has no seams and turns stretch ceilings into a perfectly smooth solid surface. The advantage of such a seamless stretch ceiling over film stretch ceilings is undeniable.

Clipso seamless stretch ceilings do not require such precise measurements as film stretch ceilings. Clipso fabric is supplied in rolls of various widths, and the stretch ceiling is cut according to the maximum linear dimensions of the room from a roll of the nearest width. All other complications of this room (protrusions, corners, curved sections, size fluctuations) are implemented on site directly during the installation of the Clipso seamless stretch ceiling. The components used in the manufacture of the Clipso seamless stretch ceiling, such as polyester and polyurethane, are environmentally friendly, which allowed Clipso A.G. get a European certificate for the installation of their stretch ceilings in children's and medical institutions.

2.2. Seamless fabric stretch ceilings Clipso (Klipso) are much more durable than standard version from PVC. In addition, the main feature of the new Clipso ceiling sheet is heat shrink with a factor of 1.2.

A fabric made according to the technology of Clipso (France) can have a clear graphic pattern, because due to the uniform density of the loops, it will not deform during stretching or shrinkage. The special technology of weaving such a fabric allows you to weave 87 columns into 90 rows for every 5 cm. However, sufficiently dense weaving does not make the fabric heavier, its weight per one square meter is only 220-240 grams. Due to the dense weaving and uniform distribution of thread tension, the canvas "breathes", but at the same time does not let moisture through.

2.3. The advantage of Clipso (Klipso) stretch seamless ceilings manufacturing technology is their seamlessness. The absence of seams leads to the fact that the seamless Clipso stretch ceiling does not tear and serves for quite a long time. In addition to the beautiful performance characteristics, Clipso stretch ceilings allow you to create a perfectly flat surface and a uniform pattern without seams and deformation. Supreme aesthetic properties and the elasticity of the Clipso stretch ceiling canvas allows it to be bent, giving it any shape. The installation technology of stretch ceilings also allows you to embed lighting devices in them.

2.4. Clipso ceilings can be considered vandal resistant as they are immune to many operational hazards such as flooding, sunlight, cuts and punctures. Thanks to the double-sided polymer impregnation, the ceiling fabric is super-strong and will withstand even strong mechanical pressure. In addition, Klipso stretch ceilings are frost-resistant. Clipso canvas can withstand frosts down to -40 degrees without loss of its performance, which makes Clipso seamless stretch ceilings made using this new technology suitable for installation even in unheated rooms. The canvas of Clipso seamless stretch ceilings can be painted both before and after installation - this makes it possible to get a ceiling of a unique color in the room. It is possible to apply any digital image (photo or drawing) to the seamless ceilings of Clipso.

2.5. Prior to the installation of Clipso stretch ceilings in the premises, the construction and installation and special works indicated in the working drawings, including finishing, must be completed, except for the final painting or wallpapering of the walls various kinds, as well as the laying of engineering communications (wiring of lighting fittings, installation of fire extinguishing system structures, laying of pipelines, etc.) has been completed.

2.6. Work on the installation of the Clipso ceiling should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of the following regulatory documents:

SNiP 3.01.01-85*. Organization of construction production;
SNiP 31-01-2003 "Residential multi-apartment buildings";
SNiP 31-05-2003 " Public buildings administrative purpose";
SNiP 31-03-2001 " Industrial buildings»;
SNiP 2.09.04-87* "Administrative and domestic buildings" (ed. 2001);
SNiP 21-01-97* "Fire safety of buildings and structures";
SNiP 23-01-99* "Construction climatology";
SNiP 12-03-2001. Labor safety in construction. Part 1. General requirements;
SNiP 12-04-2002. Labor safety in construction. Part 2. Construction production.

3. Organization and technology of work performance

3.1. Clipso ceiling products vary in color and purpose. The most popular stretch ceilings are standard white or colored Clipso, which are suitable for the vast majority of consumers in terms of their qualities and properties. However, for individual cases, Clipso has developed special specific products - anti-moisture, anti-dirt, acoustic, transparent and anti-bactericidal ceilings.

In addition to creating a simple, perfectly flat ceiling, it is possible to create stretch ceilings complex shapes in several levels (Fig. 1).

3.2. Cloths on stretch ceilings, unlike PVC films, are installed without a thermal process, on plastic baguette(clip), which allows you to securely strengthen the canvas and give the ceiling an aesthetic appearance. It is possible to install thermal insulation and sound-absorbing materials and fire alarms. design idea and latest technology allows you to create an interior and give each room a uniqueness, and with the help of a plotter it is possible to apply any high-quality images to the texture of the Clipso ceiling canvas.

The range of Clipso fabrics includes colored fabrics (beige, pink, gray, black, light green, blue), as well as special types fabrics, in particular: acoustic fabric with the properties of a sound-absorbing membrane (black and beige) and translucent fabric for creating illuminated ceiling and wall structures. The color of the fabric can be created at the request of the customer to create a specific design of the room. The canvas is supplied in rolls of 50 or 100 running meters. The rolls have a "net" width of 2.00 m, 2.50 m, 3.00 m, 3.50 m, 4.00 m, 4.50 m and 5.10 m.

3.3. Clipso seamless ceiling installation technology is based on the Swiss system quick installation ceiling and wall structures. It allows you to quickly and efficiently create an ideal ceiling surface that meets European standards. To install a stretch ceiling, you must have: a ladder-ladder, a special CLIPSO spatula (Fig. 2), a puncher, a screwdriver, plastic dowels, self-tapping screws, a building hair dryer, white cloth gloves. It is recommended that two workers install the structures. Before starting work, the room must be cleaned of dust and debris. The installation of the canvas is carried out in a special extruded profile (baguette) Clipso, made of PVC and having a complex section. Profile weight - 0.190 g / m p., Length - 2 m.

Preparatory work

3.4. The Clipso textile fabric goes through impregnation, wringing, drying and colendering. The canvas is made of polyester, evenly impregnated with a special mixture containing a polymer and a dye. The polymer has elastomeric characteristics. The main (basic) element of the polymer is polyurethane, which has the properties of polymerization and allows you to create a highly environmentally friendly material with the necessary mechanical characteristics. Clipso is 15 times stronger than PVC film. The main property - the canvas has the property of heat shrinkage with a coefficient of 20%.

Clipso stretch ceiling measurement and installation technology is much easier than PVC film measurement and installation. For installation, it is enough to know only two dimensions of the room: the maximum length and width, without the dimensions of the protrusions and the radii of the curved sections. According to these dimensions, the closest standard size of the canvas in width is selected, with a margin of at least 20 cm, and cut off from the whole roll along the length with a minimum margin of 20 cm. highly qualified.

After measuring the room, the Clipso textile fabric is prepared in accordance with the results obtained.

3.5. To fix the Clipso stretch ceiling, a special profile is used, which is mounted around the perimeter of the room. Depending on the area and features of the application, the profile is fastened to the ceiling or walls (Fig. 3) The profile securely fixes the Clipso fabric, preventing it from sagging, and, if necessary (for example, leaks from above, when it is necessary to remove part of the ceiling to drain water ) it is allowed to re-mount the web in the same profile.

The profile does not require any special overlays or elements to create an aesthetic joint between the wall and the stretch ceiling - the latter looks stylish, neat and modern.

3.6. At the first stage, the profile is glued along the perimeter of the room - either to the ceiling (Fig. 4) or to the walls (Fig. 5).

When wall mounting, you must use any building level. The joint at the corners will be tighter if it is sawn at a 45° angle (Fig. 6).

The final fixing of the mounting profile is made with self-tapping screws in advance drilled holes. The distance between the screws should be no more than 7 cm. At the junction of the profiles and in corner connections self-tapping screws are attached along the edges at a distance of about 1-2 cm (Fig. 7).

Basic work on the installation of a stretch ceiling

3.7. At the second stage, the canvas is unfolded indoors and temporarily fixed in a baguette in the middle of the walls using a special Clipso spatula. The edges of the canvas (about 5 cm) should remain behind the baguette (free edges). After temporarily fixing the canvas in separate places the entire canvas is fixed with a spatula around the entire perimeter. The distance between the fixing points must not exceed 80 cm (Fig. 8).

3.8. Alternately pulling the canvas by the free edges from the middle to the corners (Fig. 9), it is necessary to achieve an even distribution of the canvas without wrinkles. Free edges should be the same width. Fixing the fabric in the corners (20 cm per side) is done last.

The final stage of work

3.9. At the final stage, the resulting folds and wrinkles are straightened with the help of building hair dryer. The defective place is heated in a circular motion of the hair dryer at a distance of about 20 cm. The free edges of the canvas are cut off sharp knife along the lower edge of the decorative strip (Fig. 10).

3.10. When performing work on the installation of a stretch ceiling, it is necessary to take into account the presence in the room of various engineering systems and communications. Indoors, as a rule, there are ceiling lights and chandeliers ventilation ducts and channels with installed air distribution devices and grilles, elements of alarm systems and fire safety, fragments of other engineering systems.

The luminaires are mounted on a counterpart pre-fixed to the ceiling or on a special fastener or on mounting fittings (Fig. 11). In the required place, the Clipso sheet is cut with circular or cross movements (Fig. 12) and the electrical and mounting fittings are released. A lamp is attached to them (Fig. 13). There should be a gap of about 0.8 mm between the lower part of the lamp and the stretched surface of the canvas.

In the event of accidental dirty spots during the installation work, you must use any liquid detergent. Washing the ceiling will ensure the initial whiteness of the canvas.

3.10. Working hours

3.11. Labor costing

Table 1

	Job Title		Scope of work	Rationale (standards)	labor costs
					per unit, man-hour	Total, man-hour
	General marking of the walls of the room
	Installation mounting profiles(special baguette)
	Installation of profiles for the installation of fasteners (luminaires)
	Installation of fasteners for fixtures	100 parts
	Measuring and cutting edges of Clipso
	Laying out the canvas, fixing it in a baguette, leveling
	Installation of fixtures	1 lamp

General labor intensity					96.89 man-hours
Note. The standards used in the calculation are ENiR-1987 (Uniform norms and prices).

4. Requirements for the quality of work

4.1. Control and assessment of the quality of work when installing stretch ceilings is carried out in accordance with the requirements of regulatory documents:

SNiP 3.04.01-87. Insulating and finishing coatings;
SNiP 3.01.01-85*. Organization of construction production.

In order to ensure the required quality of Clipso stretch ceilings, work must be subject to production control at all stages of their implementation.

4.2. Production control is divided into input, operational (technological), inspection and acceptance. Quality control of the work performed should be carried out by specialists or special services equipped with technical means that ensure the necessary reliability and completeness of control. The main control is assigned to the head of the production unit (foreman, foreman), who performs work on the installation of a stretch fabric.

When installing stretch ceilings in the interiors of buildings, the requirements of SNiP 3.04.01-87, given in this table 2, must be observed.

table 2

	Subject, composition and scope of control, maximum deviation	Control methods	Control time
The maximum value of the ledges between the slabs and baguette slats		Measuring, at least 5 measurements per one (50-70 m 2) room	On full inspection
Membrane tension, no deflection	Absence of wrinkles and irregularities, mirror surface	Visual	On full inspection
Deviation of the entire plane of any level of the ceiling diagonally, vertically and horizontally	From design value no more than 1.5 mm	Measuring, on the entire plane no more than 7 mm	At the control examination
Deviation of the corners of the joints of the ceiling levels from the vertical	1 mm per 1 p.m	Measuring	On full inspection

4.3. Input control

This control is carried out in order to identify deviations from the requirements of the project and relevant standards. Input control is carried out by checking by external inspection and measurements, as well as control tests in cases of doubt about the correctness of the characteristics or the absence of the necessary data in the certificates and passports of manufacturers. The results of the input control are documented by the Act.

During the input control, it is necessary to check the compliance of materials and products arriving at the facility with applicable standards, specifications and other documents and requirements. In the absence of certificates, the quality of products and materials must be confirmed by the results of laboratory tests. The number of products and materials subject to incoming control must comply with the norms given in the technical specifications and standards.

4.4. Operational (technological) and inspection control

Operational control is carried out during the performance of production operations in order to ensure the timely detection of defects and the adoption of measures to eliminate and prevent them. Control is carried out under the guidance of a master, foreman. During operational (technological) control, it is necessary to check the compliance of the implementation of the main production operations with the requirements established building codes and rules, suspended ceiling design and other regulatory documents.

During operational control, the following is to be checked:

quality attachment material(no dark spots, cracks);
quality of structures and surfaces of premises;
quality of installation and fastening of frame elements;
horizontality (verticality) of the planes of the rails and baguette;
uniformity, verticality or horizontality of the coating.

After eliminating all defects, it is necessary to draw up an Act for hidden work, allowing you to perform subsequent work on closing the baguettes with a stretch ceiling canvas. The drawing up of Certificates of Inspection of Hidden Works in cases where subsequent work must begin after a long break should be carried out immediately before the production of subsequent work. results operational control must be recorded in the work log.

4.5. During the inspection control, it is necessary to check the quality of the work performed selectively at the discretion of the Customer or the General Contractor in order to verify the effectiveness of the previously carried out production control. This type of control can be carried out at any stage of execution. construction works and stretch ceilings.

The results of quality control carried out by the technical supervision of the Customer, architectural supervision, inspection control, and comments by persons controlling the production and quality of work must be entered in the Work Progress Log and also recorded in the General Work Log (The recommended form is given in Appendix 1*, SNiP 3.01 .01-85*). All acceptance documentation must comply with the requirements of SNiP 3.01.01-85*.

4.6. The general contractor must present to the representative of the customer a work log, inspection certificates for hidden work, protocols, executive documentation, certificates and passports for the materials used, samples of the installed materials and the finished coating for comparison with the requirements of the project, specifications, norms and standards. To assess the quality of materials, samples must be taken and tested in accordance with applicable standards and specifications.

4.7. Acceptance control

The quality of work performance is ensured by the fulfillment of the requirements for compliance with the necessary technological sequence when performing interrelated works and technical control for the progress of work set out in the Construction Organization Project and the Work Execution Project, as well as in the Operational Quality Control Scheme. Acceptance control is carried out on the basis of these documents, the work log and on the basis of an acceptance inspection.

An example of filling out the Operational Quality Control Scheme is shown in Table 3.

Table 3

Name of operations subject to control	Subject, composition and scope of the control, maximum deviation	Control methods	Control time	Who controls
The maximum value of the ledges between the rails		Measuring, at least 5 measurements per 50-70 m surface	Identified by a thorough inspection	Foreman, master
Deviation of the plane of the entire finishing field diagonally, vertically and horizontally (from the design) by 1 m - 1.5 mm	7 mm on the entire surface			Foreman, master

4.8. At the construction site, a General Journal of Works and a Journal of Author's Supervision of the Design Organization, a Journal of the Production of Works on the Arrangement of Ceilings should be kept. The installation of stretch ceilings must be carried out after installation and fastening of all elements of the frame (in accordance with the project), checking the horizontalness of its plane and compliance with the marks.

4.9. Permissible relative deflection for stretch ceilings is allowed no more than 1/250 of the span. Clipso ceiling structures must withstand up to 100 liters of liquid per 1 m 2 . Seamless stretch ceilings are stronger than film ones. In addition, in case of accidental damage, their material does not diverge further in the direction of the cut. Due to their physical properties, they can be used in any premises with operating temperatures from -20 to +50.

5. Need for material and technical resources

5.1. The mechanization of construction and special construction works should be comprehensive and carried out in sets construction machines, equipment, small-scale mechanization, necessary mounting equipment, inventory and fixtures. Means of small mechanization, equipment, tools and technological equipment required to perform insulating and finishing works, must be completed in standard sets in accordance with the technology of the work performed. When choosing machines and installations, it is necessary to provide for options for replacing them if necessary. If the use of new construction machines, installations and devices is envisaged, the name and address of the organization or manufacturer must be indicated.

5.2. An indicative list of the main necessary equipment, machines, mechanisms and tools for the production of work is given in table 4.

	Name of machines, mechanisms, machine tools, tools and materials			Quantity
	ladders
	Scaffold
	Pliers


	Screwdrivers

	screwdriver
	Hydraulic level

6. Safety and labor protection

6.1. When performing work on the installation of stretch ceilings, it is necessary to follow the rules given in SNiP 12-03-2001 “Labor safety in construction. Part 1. General requirements”, SNiP 12-04-2002 “Labor safety in construction. Part 2. Construction production”, fire safety rules provided by GOST 12.1.004 “Fire safety. General requirements” and SNiP 12-04-2002. And it is also necessary to comply with the requirements of GOST 12.3.002-75. Manufacturing processes. General safety requirements and RD 102-011-89 Labor protection. Organizational and methodological documents.

6.2. Responsibility for the implementation of safety measures, labor protection, industrial sanitation, fire and environmental safety rests with the work managers appointed by order. The responsible person carries out organizational management of the work directly or through the foreman. The orders and instructions of the responsible person are binding on all those working at the facility.

6.3 The labor protection of workers should be ensured by the issuance of the necessary funds by the administration personal protection(special clothing, footwear, etc.), the implementation of measures for the collective protection of workers (fencing, lighting, ventilation, protective and safety devices and fixtures, etc.), sanitary facilities and devices in accordance with applicable standards and the nature of the work performed. Workers must be provided with the necessary conditions for work, food and rest. Works are performed in special footwear and overalls. All persons on the construction site are required to wear safety helmets.

Safety decisions should be taken into account and reflected in organizational and technological maps and schemes for the production of work.

6.4. Terms of work, their sequence, the need for workforce is established taking into account the provision of safe work and the time to comply with measures that ensure the safe performance of work, so that any of the operations performed is not a source of industrial danger for simultaneously performed or subsequent work. When developing methods and sequence of work, it is necessary to take into account the hazardous zones that arise in the course of work. If it is necessary to perform work in hazardous areas ah, measures should be taken to protect workers. The installation of ceilings is allowed for persons not younger than 18 years of age who have been instructed at the workplace in safety, industrial sanitation, trained in work methods and have a certificate for the right to perform work.

6.5. Sanitary facilities should be located outside hazardous areas. A first-aid kit with medicines, stretchers, fixing splints and other first aid equipment should be kept and constantly replenished in the workers' rest trailer. All workers on the construction site must be provided with drinking water. Work with mechanisms, devices, inventory and tools must be carried out in accordance with the instructions for their operation.

The installation of stretch ceilings is carried out with a specialized tool that provides mechanization of the process of assembling the ceiling frame.

6.6. Workers must be provided with overalls and personal protective equipment. Workers performing work must know:

dangerous and harmful to the body factors of production work performed;
harmful substances and the components of the materials used and the nature of their impact on the human body;
rules of personal hygiene;
instructions on the technology of work, maintenance of the workplace, safety, industrial sanitation, fire safety;
first aid rules.

6.7. Given the specifics of the work, it is necessary to install and finish ceilings only by specialized organizations with experience in installing and finishing these structures.

The person responsible for the safe performance of work is obliged to:

familiarize the workers with the working technological map under painting;
monitor the good condition of tools, mechanisms and devices;
explain to employees their duties and the sequence of operations.

6.8. The equipment, tooling and devices used for the installation of the Clipso stretch ceiling, used in the course of work, must comply with the safety conditions for performing work. The supply of materials to the workplace must be carried out in a technological sequence that ensures the safety of work. Materials and equipment should be stored at workplaces in such a way that they do not create a hazard during the performance of work and do not obstruct passages. Illumination in work areas should be uniform, without blinding effect of lighting devices on workers. To protect the head of a worker from mechanical damage during the production of work, it is necessary to use helmets, GOST 12.4.087-84.

6.9. When installing stretch ceilings, devices designed for convenience and safety of work (scaffolding, universal collapsible scaffolding, inventory tables) are used, depending on the height of the room and its volume. Devices should not be a source of hazardous production factors.

6.10. With a working platform height of 1.3 m or more, it is necessary to arrange protective fences. The height of protective fences must be at least 1.2 m. Current-carrying parts of electrical installations must be insulated, fenced or placed in places inaccessible to touch them. Places of production electric welding works must be freed from combustible materials within a radius of at least 5 m, and from explosive materials - 10 m. Metal parts of electric welding equipment that are not under voltage, as well as welded elements and structures, must be grounded for the entire duration of welding.

6.11. When working with an assembly piston gun, it is mandatory to comply with the requirements of the “Safety instructions for an operator working with a PTS-52-1 assembly piston gun”. Sawing of elements for stretch ceilings and other materials should be carried out in specially designated places where it is not allowed to find persons who are not involved in this work.

7. Technical and economic indicators (150 m 2)

Technical and economic indicators are presented in relation to the device of Clipso stretch ceilings in the room (hall) with total area 150 m2.

prof. St. Petersburg State polytechnic university. -

St. Petersburg, 2012

To modern species decorative finishes apartments and houses can be safely attributed to stretch ceilings. A wide range of colors and a glossy surface of the material used make the interior beautiful and practical. simple technology installation of stretch ceilings allows installation even for a novice home master.

Fabric for stretch ceilings is made of polyvinyl chloride or fabric impregnated with polyurethane. PVC film withstands loads up to 100 kg per 1 sq.cm.

For example, consider the technology of installing a stretch ceiling made of PVC film. Modern stretch PVC ceilings are able to withstand a lot of water in case of flooding from above. The collected water can be easily removed without removing the ceiling. To give the ceiling its original appearance, it is enough to warm it up with a heat gun over the entire surface.

Stretch ceilings are mounted within a few hours. In practice, installation can be performed by any home master with one assistant. To do this, read the article to the end and read the rules and recommendations.

Necessary materials

Stretch ceilings are mounted on a special profile (baguette). This profile is also called harpoon because of the attachment method. PVC sheets. Stretch ceilings are mounted on a baguette with a special soft profile called a "harpoon".

It is welded to the edge of the canvas. The baguette is produced from aluminum or plastic.

The required measurement accuracy is up to tenths of a centimeter. Dimensions in centimeters are recorded first along the perimeter, and then diagonally.

The amount of baguette corresponds to the perimeter of the room. The profile should fit tightly to each other, so add another 10 cm to the resulting perimeter. This margin will allow you not to make a mistake when trimming the profile at the final stage of fastening.

To fix the profile on the wall, plastic dowels 6 x 40 mm are used. To install fixtures on the ceiling, wooden dies are mounted. For their installation, U-shaped suspensions are used.

To close the gap between the wall and the ceiling canvas, a decorative plug (insert) is used. It must be bought in an amount equal to the amount of the profile (baguette).

For convenient installation of spotlights, plastic platforms and tread rings are used.

PVC fabric can be ordered by size from companies that install stretch ceilings. There you can also buy glue for thermal rings for lighting devices and a flexible plug (plinth) between the canvas and the wall.

Mounting tool

To install a stretch ceiling, you will need the following set of tools:

Water or laser level
Pencil and measuring tape
Heat gun, propane gun
Stretch ceiling spatulas
Clamps for fastening the stretch ceiling fabric
Electric drill or hammer drill
Drill for concrete with a diameter of 6 mm
screwdriver
Painting thread
A hammer
Hacksaw or grinder

Installation technique and principle of operation

The technology of installation of stretch ceilings made of PVC film includes six stages:

markup
Profile fastening (baguette)
Installation of embedded parts for lighting devices
Web tension
Installation of fixtures
Plug installation

Ceiling height

The height of the stretch ceiling can be lowered by 3 cm from the existing ceiling. In the event that recessed luminaires are used, the ceiling is lowered to the height of the luminaire.

For marking, a laser or water level is used. Determined horizontal plane, and marks are placed on each wall. At the marked points, a line is beaten off with a paint chopping cord.

Drilling holes

Holes 6 cm deep are drilled along the marked lines with a step of 7-15 cm with a 6 mm concrete drill. At the joints, a step of 1-2 cm.

A frequent step will ensure a secure fastening of the profile to the wall. Plastic dowels are hammered into the holes.

It's important to know! The profile must be positioned so that the joint with the adjacent profile does not fall into a corner. It is fastened with self-tapping screws into dowels to the wall and, if necessary, it is cut from the side that is adjacent to the wall, and then bent at the desired angle.

We use plywood to mount the chandelier

Almost any chandeliers and lighting fixtures can be mounted in the ceilings. To fix the chandelier, plywood 10 mm thick and 20 x 20 cm in size is used. It is fixed to the ceiling with U-shaped brackets, dowels and self-tapping screws.

Important to remember! The limitation for spotlights in a stretch ceiling is power. It should not be more than 50 watts.

Before the stretch ceilings are attached to the baguette, the lighting wiring is installed. The wiring is laid in a corrugated sleeve and fastened with clamps to the floor slabs.

Stretching PVC film

When stretching the PVC film, the room should warm up to +60 degrees. Existing indoor plants are recommended to be removed. Heating is done with a propane heat gun.

At this temperature, the film becomes elastic and it is convenient to work with it. A soft profile for fastening (harpoon) is welded along the edges of the canvas. On the canvas, the manufacturer marks the base angle from which the installation begins.

At two opposite corners, the film is attached to the clips to the profile. When the canvas has warmed up, its harpoon is driven with a spatula into the groove of the baguette until it snaps into place.

The scheme for stretching the canvas looks like this: corners - middle. Important to remember! The film is heated during the entire installation time.

Installing the thermal ring

In the place where the lamp will be (under the plywood blank), a thermal ring is glued. After the glue has dried, the film inside the profile is cut along the contour. Through the hole, a lighting device is attached to the embedded part with wood screws.

A decorative insert (plug) is inserted into the gap between the wall and the stretch ceiling. It will close the gap and hide the small irregularities of the wall. Stretch ceiling installation completed.

To more clearly see how to install stretch ceilings with your own hands, the video below will help you.