Wood boards have gained wide popularity in construction. Along with indisputable advantages (simplicity of processing and installation, availability), wood-composite materials also have disadvantages. These include poor water resistance, deformation and delamination upon contact with moisture, as well as the content of harmful formaldehyde resins. To avoid these negative features, cement-bonded particle boards were created. In the article, we have already considered the main properties of this material, in this publication we will talk about the features of the work and installation of the DSP.

What you need to know when working with DSP?

To begin with, it is necessary to clarify some technological points. First of all, it is important to understand that this is not quite a wood-composite board in its usual sense (OSB, chipboard). The share of chips in the structure of the material is 30 - 20%, everything else is Portland cement and chemical additives for the mineralization of the wood component, so the slab is closer in its properties to concrete products.

• The weight- cement-bonded particle boards have a significant weight, so installation by one person is difficult, especially when it comes to wall cladding at the level of the second or third floor.
• fragility- do not forget that cement is a fragile material, so DSP is not recommended to be thrown. If the OSB does nothing when dropped from a height, then the cement slab will most likely crack.
• high density- the material has a high density, which gives it the ability to perform load-bearing functions, but at the same time cutting is difficult. Woodworking tools will not work when working with DSP.
• Low bending strength- the minimum bending strength established by GOSTs for the TsSP-1 brand is 12 - 9 MPa. There should not be much mechanical stress in the sheet, as this may cause the plate to break under its own weight.

Plates should not be lifted by the edges parallel to the ground, this can lead to a break in the material under its own weight. Carrying should be carried out with an edge to the ground, and stored in a horizontal position.

• dusty work- when cutting with DSP, a large amount of cement dust is released, for this reason, cutting in a closed room is difficult. When working, you must use.
• thermal expansion- a property that, to one degree or another, is inherent in all varieties of wood-composite boards. For DSP, deformations caused by changes in humidity and temperature levels are minimal, but they are still present, for this reason, an expansion joint must be made during installation. It is impossible to close it with a solid material, such as putty or cement, because due to deformations, cement-bonded products will press on the seam. As a result, cracks will appear.

Sawing

Cutting material is an important step when working with. As mentioned above, the sheets have a significant weight, so installation is usually carried out in one step. To do this, the sheets are marked in advance on the ground, numbered, holes are drilled for self-tapping screws and countersinked. We must not forget about creating holes for communications (pipes and wiring), cuts are made according to the marking, then part of the sheet is simply knocked out.

Although the material belongs to wood-based panels, the use of woodworking tools is difficult. Drills and cutting elements of the saw must be made of hard alloys.

• (angle grinder or angle grinder)- hand tool for grinding and cutting various materials. For cutting DSP, we will be primarily interested in the cutting functions of the device. Power is considered the main parameter. If we are talking about cutting several sheets for a small area of ​​​​the floor, then you can get by with a household grinder, but such a tool is not suitable for intensive work. For active operation throughout the working day, it is better to take models with a power of 2 kW or more. When working with a grinder, it is important that the operator's hands are covered with a protective cover. To simplify cutting in different positions, some models have an adjustable handle and an adjustable cover.

When cutting solid concrete products, segmented diamond discs are used. The segments allow the working element to be cooled by air circulation.

• - for cutting cement chip sheets, a hand, table or stationary circular saw can be used. Using a guide allows you to get a smooth cut. The choice of power, as for the grinder, depends on the intensity of the work. For cutting material with a circular saw, it is better to use a diamond blade for hard materials. It is recommended to take a disk diameter of at least 250 cm. A useful feature of a circular saw is the presence of a pipe for connecting a construction vacuum cleaner, this will reduce the amount of cement dust in the air.

When cutting the DSP, it is imperative to use respiratory and eye protection ( , ).

Fasteners

In most cases, the sheets are attached to the frame with screws or nails. Other fasteners are used for auxiliary work, for example, when installing the crate.

• are used for fastening brackets with lathing to the main wall during the installation of hinged facades and partitions.

• - a rod fastener, which is closed on both sides with heads, connecting two structural elements. Rivets are used to fasten the crate to the brackets. Installation is in progress.

• - Designed for fixing insulation.

• Nails- steel rod fastenings. Screw nails are used to fix the DSP. When the plate is shifted, the nail will bend, but it will not be cut off. This property is especially relevant for inclined planes. It is better to choose galvanized hardware, especially when it comes to the use of products in conditions of high humidity. The length of the nail should be 2.5 times the thickness of the sheet. For example, with nails 2.5 mm long 35 mm in diameter, it is recommended to fasten plates with a thickness of 8 - 10 mm, lengths of 40 and 50 mm are suitable for 12 and 16 mm.

An example of the use of various fastening systems

• self-tapping screws- the most common method of fastening the DSP, since the self-tapping screw acts on separation, which is important due to the large weight of the plate. Holes for fasteners must be made in advance, it is recommended to use a screwdriver for tightening. The principle of selecting fasteners is the same as when selecting the size of nails. Before tightening the screws, the holes are countersunk to drown the hat. Fasteners equipped with a countersunk head and reinforced blades for better fastening can be used without pre-drilling holes and countersinking. It is recommended to use only self-tapping screws with anodized or galvanized finish. Phosphated products (black self-tapping screws) are best not to use, since after finishing, rust can show through the paint.

Installation of a hinged facade

One of the most common applications is a hinged facade, which allows you to insulate, increase sound insulation, level the wall of the house and protect it from the aggressive effects of the external environment. Hinged facades are used for brick or wooden houses. It has a multilayer structure, which consists of different layers.

• - steel fasteners that serve to fix the hinged facade on the wall. These elements should be selected on the basis of the design of the house; for this, specimens of different lengths and thicknesses are produced. To mount the DSP, it is best to take a bracket. Another function of this element is the alignment of the facade with respect to the main wall. For this, special brackets with a variable length and holes for fixing the moving part are designed.

Various types of brackets, the third one has an adjustable length for leveling the curtain wall

• - is laid between the insulation and the wall. Allows steam to escape the house through the wall unhindered, preventing it from condensing on the wall.
• Warming - layer allows heat to remain inside the house, insulation can be attached in one layer or two. In the latter case, the layers should overlap each other, eliminating "cold bridges". The insulation layer is attached with.
• layer performs a waterproofing function, allows air to escape from the house, but does not allow moisture to get on the wall.
• Air gap (vent gap) serves for normal air circulation inside the wall, the presence of ventilation contributes to the evaporation of condensate. The size of the ventilation gap should be at least 20 mm from the windshield to the outer side of the crate.
• crate- an element that serves to hold the DSP sheet, the crate can be made horizontal or vertical. As a material, you can use a wooden or steel frame. If the crate is attached directly to the wall without brackets, then the insulation will not fit under it - such a wall will simply be facing.

Lathing options for fastening a hinged facade for DSP

• Layer- sheets must be attached to each rack at least at three points. In this case, it is necessary not to forget about expansion joints, which should be 3 - 5 mm. Cement-bonded particle boards are attached to the crate using self-tapping screws. Holes in the sheets are best drilled in advance on the ground.

• Finishing layer- a decorative finishing layer in the form of paint or plaster, which are superimposed on the DSP.

To align the wall, two brackets are fixed on two anchor bolts, the level between which is measured with a rope (mooring), also suitable for this purpose. It is a measuring instrument based on the principle of connected vessels.

The hydraulic level consists of two containers with scales, which are interconnected by a transparent tube. The containers are filled with colored liquid. Two people are required to operate this measuring instrument. It is necessary to ensure that the liquid in both containers is on the same level on the scales.

They are hung on the upper brackets to beat the walls vertically. Relative to the plumb line, the length of all other brackets is set. When the levels are set, the brackets are fixed in increments of no more than 600 mm.

Construction of a frame house

The technology of frame houses has recently gained wide popularity. The main advantages are the speed of construction and the availability of materials. There is a place in this case for. OSB (OSB, OSB) - oriented strand board is considered more common in this area. OSB at cost is most often cheaper than DSP, but at the same time, the cement board is more environmentally friendly, since it does not contain harmful resins. Also, cement products have high moisture resistance, while oriented strand board begins to deform when exposed to moisture. For all these reasons, DSP can be used in frame housing construction.

- This is a material made from large chips, which are arranged in layers. The elements are oriented along different axes, hence the name of these products. In each layer, the chips are directed in a certain direction, overlapping the previous one. Synthetic resins are added as a binding element.

The frame is the "skeleton" of the house, it is sheathed with panels that form the power body of the building and provide thermal insulation. Such panels are sometimes referred to as "pie" as they are made up of many layers. There are many variations of panel layouts. Sometimes the DSP is fixed on the frame itself, then there is a layer of vapor barrier, a crate made of timber, between which a heater is attached. Outside, the "pie" completes another outer DSP sheet. The thickness of the sheets can vary from 10 to 16 mm. At the same time, if the house is multi-storey, then block and beam structures will be required to lift the sheets to the height of the second floor. Holes for self-tapping screws are also made in advance. Fasteners are installed every 15 cm. In the central part of the sheet, fastening is allowed every 30 cm. One plate should fall on three racks of the crate. Do not forget about the expansion joint, which is filled with sealant to protect the heat insulator.

The frame of the house, sheathed with DSP sheets

Interior decoration

Inside the house, it is used to create partitions, wall and ceiling cladding, for laying a subfloor.

• Draft floor- laid out for subsequent installation of a finished floor in the form of a laminate or parquet. DSP finds its application in different variations of this structural element of the house. The most primitive version of the subfloor is laying the coating directly on the ground. In this case, sheets with a thickness of 24 - 26 mm can be used. For frame houses, the first floor is formed over the foundation framing, the floor consists of a system of logs on which cement-bonded products are laid. To create insulation, a layer of thermal insulation, vapor barrier and wind protection is installed. A similar floor structure can be used when building a house from a bar; the log system is usually built into the crown crown. In fact, in this case, the DSP replaces the concrete screed.

Use case when DSP replaces a concrete screed

If a concrete screed is present, but its evenness leaves much to be desired, a layer of cement-bonded particle boards can even out the flaws. To do this, the sheets are laid on a log system, the distance between which should be no more than 600 and no less than 300 mm. The thickness of the cement coating should be 20 - 26 mm. Technological gaps must be left not only between the sheets (2 - 3 mm), but also next to the walls (10 mm). To do this, wooden chopsticks are installed between the wall and the extreme slab.

If there is an even concrete screed or a subfloor, the DSP installation can be carried out on adhesive mixtures. To do this, the solution is thoroughly whipped, evenly distributed with a notched trowel. The sheets are seated on the composition, the seams are also filled with glue.

The option of installing a floor covering on an adhesive composition

• Partitions - these are elements that allow you to delimit the interior of the house into rooms. DSP is mounted on a rack-mount metal frame or crate made of wooden beams. The frame is attached to the supporting structures (to the floor, ceiling, walls) with anchor dowels (plastic or metal). If a timber frame is installed, then the material must be treated with antiseptic agents. At the junctions with the supporting structures, a soundproofing tape is laid. To insulate the partitions, a layer of mineral wool is laid inside. Cement particle boards are attached to the frame with self-tapping screws or nails.

The structure of the interior partition from DSP

• Finishing facilities- products made of shavings and cement make it possible to level the surface of curved walls, in this case the design resembles a hinged facade, only the work is done inside the house. The frame of the crate is constructed from wooden bars that are processed, or a steel profile. The profile or crate is fixed on the wall, sound insulation and insulation are placed between the DSP and the wall, if necessary. Also, in some cases, mounting on various adhesive solutions is allowed.

Steel crate for subsequent fastening of the DSP

• Flat roof is an economical roofing method commonly used for sheds, workshops and other utility and service buildings, although flat roofs are not uncommon in today's high-tech homes. Cement slabs can be used to create roofing. On the beams they are fixed with self-tapping screws. To avoid leaks at the seams, sheets are usually laid in two layers, with the top layer overlapping the bottom. From above, the roofing for waterproofing is covered with several layers. The roofing material is attached to the mastic. Corners are installed along the edges, which are fixed with self-tapping screws with press washers.

Preparing for finishing

Often clad houses are painted or plastered directly on top of the slabs, this type of finishing is very easy and convenient. Thanks to the even geometry of the sheets, the paint will lay down well after simple preparatory procedures. Good adhesion ensures easy adhesion of the finish coat.

• Deepening fasteners- the heads of self-tapping screws and nails should not rise above the plane, for this they are sunk into the material.
• chip repair- during construction work, defects, chips, scratches may appear on the plates. Before starting the finishing process, they must be covered with putty.
• Surface defects- after installation, various color defects (efflorescence, traces of rust) may form on the surface of the boards. These unnecessary "patterns" are cleaned with a soapy solution.
• Primer made with elastic acrylic paint, it can be carried out even before installation, then it will be possible to cover all the ends.

Painted frame house in fechwerk style

Painting is recommended to be carried out 6 - 7 months after installation. The procedure is carried out in two stages. The first layer is preparatory - in some places it can be lighter or darker, the second layer already allows you to get an even surface color. It is best to use acrylic, silicate or latex paint.

Conclusion

Thus, working with DSP in comparison with oriented strand board has a number of nuances. Products are heavy, which requires the efforts of several people during installation. All holes, measurements and manipulations with products are best done on the ground. With proper preparation, the surface of cement-bonded particle boards can be easily painted.

Building yard

In the modern building materials market, various sheet finishing materials are presented in the widest range. These are chipboard and OSB boards, various types of plywood, drywall and other modifications. Despite this, the DSP plate, the use of which is not limited only to internal work, deserves separate consideration.

The unique structure of the material, which consists of seemingly incompatible ingredients, provides DSP with characteristics that are not only not inferior to analogues, but also surpass them in some respects. Relatively low cost, strength and reliability, resistance to weathering and ease of installation make the material indispensable for any construction and repair work.

In most cases, for the installation of DSP boards, the use of a wooden or metal frame is necessary, so you should stock up on the necessary material and fasteners in advance.

What is DSP board

Wood shavings and cement are used to produce this unique building material. The wooden filler is preliminarily crushed and sorted, after which it is antiseptically treated with calcium and aluminum chlorides. The components are thoroughly mixed, and the resulting mass is poured into special forms. As a rule, the composition of cement-bonded particle board (DSP) includes:

• Portland cement - 65%;
• Wood chips - 24%;
• Water - from 8.5 to 9%;
• Hydration and mineral additives - from 2 to 2.5%.

To reduce internal stresses and more efficient pressing, a small amount of fuel oil, or industrial oil, can be added to the prepared mixture. The filled molds are stacked and pressed. Working pressure can vary from 1.7 to 6.5 MPa. To accelerate the hydration and hardening of the mixture, it is subjected to intense heating for 8 hours.

Important!

The elasticity of wood shavings compensates for the shrinkage of cement, therefore, even during the drying process, the dimensions of the boards remain unchanged.

After being removed from the formwork, the DSP slab is transported to a technological warehouse, where it dries completely in natural conditions. The final stage of production is hot air blowing, cutting, grinding and delivery to the storage site.

DSP plate: technical specifications

Before using the material, it is necessary to study its main operational and technical characteristics. Currently, according to GOST 26816-2016, the domestic industry produces two types of DSP boards, the characteristics of which are given in the table:

Options	TsSP-1	TsSP-2
Index of elasticity in bending, MPa
Surface hardness, MPa
Thermal conductivity of the material, W/(m °C)
Specific heat capacity, kJ/kg °С
Resistivity of fastener extraction, N/m
Frost resistance of the material
Number of freeze/thaw cycles
Residual strength, %
Resistant to changes in humidity and temperature
Strength reduction (20 cycles), %
Sample thickness increase (20 cycles), %

Such operational characteristics allow the use of the material in a variety of areas of repair and construction work.

Scope of application of DSP boards

As mentioned above, DSP boards, the use of which ensures high mechanical strength of the structures being created, are widely used in construction, repair and finishing works, in particular:

• When making formwork foundations and other monolithic reinforced structures. The use of DSP greatly simplifies the installation process, in addition, this design prevents concrete leakage and ensures the formation of smooth side walls that do not require subsequent plastering.
• For wall cladding and construction . In most cases, DSP sheets are attached to a pre-assembled metal or wooden frame. The thickness of the sheets in this case is from 8 to 12 mm. For fastening, self-tapping screws are most often used, it is also possible to use screws or nails as fasteners. In some cases, when leveling walls, special adhesive polymer mixtures can be used.
• The use of DSP floor slabs provides high mechanical strength, as well as high rates of heat, hydro and sound insulation. The thickness of the material is selected based on the existing loads and the distance between the lags, however, the use of DSP boards with a thickness of less than 14 mm is not recommended.
• Application for facade at home allows not only to significantly reduce the time for exterior finishing work, but also provides high-quality waterproofing of the main walls. Another advantage is that when using DSP, the characteristics of the material allow you to create various types of ventilated facades. As for the thickness of the sheet, for outdoor work it can vary from 12 to 14 mm.

DSP plate: dimensions and prices

Regardless of the brand, TsSP-1 or TsSP-2 (GOST 26816-2016), the sheet size can be:

• Thickness: 8-40mm, in 2mm increments;
• Length: 2700/3200/3600 mm;
• Width: 1200/1250 mm;

Depending on the thickness and overall dimensions, the weight of the sheet can vary significantly:

Overall size, mm	Weight, kg

The table shows that thick DSP sheets have a significant mass, therefore, when working with them, it is desirable to use various lifting devices.

Ways of fastening DSP panels

Depending on the thickness of the DSP sheet and the type of work performed, the fastening can be:

• With an open seam on the screws;
• With an open seam on nails;
• With a closed seam on the screws;
• With a closed seam on nails;
• Using an aluminum profile;
• With the use of a decorative rail.

The last two methods are most often used in the decorative processing of facades.

Varieties of DSP: characteristics and their application

Depending on the structure of the wood filler, features and, a number of modifications were developed on the basis of DSP:

Fiberboard . As a connecting element, thin long shavings of coniferous species are used. The mechanical properties of the filler contribute to an increase in fibration, which significantly increases the strength and elasticity of the material. The surface hardness of the semi-finished product is somewhat less than that of the DSP. As a rule, fiberboard serves as good sound insulation.

BUT RBO litas . As a filler, waste from the woodworking industry, dry reeds and even cereal straw are used. Despite the fact that the manufacturing technology remains unchanged, the strength properties are noticeably lower than those of the DSP. The main area of ​​application of the material is the sheathing of the load-bearing frames of internal partitions, heat and sound insulation.

Xylolite . Sorel cement provides high resistance to moisture and water. Due to this, the material is widely used in facade cladding. Subflooring and roofing installation.

How to prime CSP

Before proceeding with the final finishing of the surface of the DSP boards, it must be treated with a primer, preferably deep penetration. For interior work, you can use the time-tested primer Ceresit ST 17, but its cost is quite high. There are other deep penetration acrylic compositions that are not much inferior to ST 17 in quality, and their cost is noticeably less.

You can also make a primer yourself by carefully dissolving 1 kg of PVA glue in 10 liters of water. Such a mixture is significantly inferior to deep penetration primers, but still better than nothing.

For the processing of facade cladding from DSP, the use of a special primer is mandatory, otherwise the painting will end in disaster in a very short time. A 10% solution of acrylic facade paint can be used as a primer.

How to paint DSP board

To give DSP boards an attractive appearance, the easiest way is to paint. After appropriate surface preparation, two coats of paint are applied with or. Most often, in order to paint the DSP, they use:

Acrylic paints . This paint has good adhesion and is highly wear resistant. If financial possibilities allow, it is better to use paints that include a solvent, but water-soluble facade acrylic paints, if properly applied, will last from 3 to 5 years.

latex paint . This coating is resistant to alkaline and mild acid solutions, easy to wash and mechanically clean with detergents. Besides. Painting work can be done independently, which will save a significant amount.

silicate paint . The use of this type of coating has high adhesion, their vapor permeability provides optimal conditions for air circulation, which prevents the appearance of mold and other fungi. The coating is not afraid of atmospheric influences and detergents, and the service life will satisfy even the highest requirements.

Before proceeding with the painting of the CBPB, it should be taken into account that the use of alkyd paints is undesirable, since cracking and peeling of the coating may occur upon direct contact with alkalis.

Advantages and disadvantages of using DSP board

Like any material, DSP, against the background of indisputable advantages, has some disadvantages, let's take a closer look at the pros and cons of DSP panels, the characteristics of which were given above. The advantages of the material include the following properties:

• High strength;
• DSP sheets, even with a small thickness, provide a high degree of sound insulation;
• Cement particle board does not burn even at very high temperatures;
• Even without additional processing, it has antiseptic characteristics;
• Vapor permeability;
• Water resistance.

The disadvantages of the material are less significant:

• The large specific gravity of the plate, which makes installation work difficult;
• Insufficient strength under bending loads;
• The complexity of cutting and increased and a large amount of dust when cutting with power tools;

In order to draw final conclusions, it will be useful to study the reviews on the Internet, here are some of them.

Cement particle board: consumer reviews

Positive reviews confirm the above advantages of the material:

1. I decided to use DSP slabs for flooring. I laid a 26mm thick slab on a crushed stone pillow. After that, I laid waterproofing and mineral wool, attached logs. The draft floor was covered with 16 mm slabs, on top - ordinary linoleum. Very satisfied with the result, dry and warm. Nikolai, Stavropol.
2. Family circumstances forced to install an interior partition. Drywall seemed not strong enough, I decided to use 8 mm DSP. Installation on a wooden frame 50x50 mm did not take much time, and cutting was not very tiring. It remains to putty and wallpaper to glue. The design turned out to be strong and reliable, very satisfied, good material. Andrei. Kharkov.

In negative reviews, most of all complaints about the large weight of the material and other difficulties during the installation process:

I have been building and decorating for 15 years. The last object can be considered a year-for-two! The fact is that the customer decided to use 16 mm DSP instead of drywall for internal partitions, and decided to sheathe the facade with it. We did not have any lift, we fixed it manually. Perhaps the material will justify itself, but it is very difficult to mount. Victor. Ryazan.

As soon as I started cutting the DSP for the partition, I immediately realized that I had made a terrible mistake. I cut it with a grinder with a diamond blade, there was no dust except in the next block! No more desire to cut DSP boards indoors. Alexei. Novosibirsk.

In the case of facade cladding, negative reviews are practically not found:

Outside, the house is sheathed with DSP panels and painted, a layer of polyethylene and mineral wool was laid under it. Two years in the house dry and warm, outside - no fly agaric, cracks and mold, very satisfied. Karina. Volgograd region.

Facing the DSP garage with slabs did not cause me any difficulties. I used the 12 mm version and a wooden strapping made of pine timber 50x50 mm. I looked through horror stories about possible cracks due to thermal expansion and decided to leave decorative seams, well, it seems to be intended. I painted it with facade paint and for the third year now there have been no problems. Yuri. Smolensk region.

After carefully analyzing the operational properties of DSP panels, and consumer reviews, we can draw the following conclusions:

• The material is quite budgetary;
• The price / quality ratio is acceptable;
• Simple installation technology allows for self-installation;
• Inconvenience during installation due to the large specific gravity of the material;
• When cutting, there is a high dust content.

In general, DSP slabs are in demand for both interior, exterior and landscaping.

In modern construction and finishing works, the term DSP is often found. The abbreviation stands for cement particle board, and it is one of the popular and high-quality building materials.

Thanks to innovative manufacturing technology, DSP boards have unique characteristics that are noticeably higher than those of wood-fiber counterparts, drywall and plywood. Consider the key advantages of this building material.

Main technical characteristics

Cement particle boards are made from crushed wood chips and cement, adding substances to the composition that completely eliminate the conflict of materials. The raw materials are stacked one by one, forming a multi-layer sheet with special properties, which is formed by a hydraulic press.

As a result, DSPs have the following characteristics:

Sound insulation indicators - up to 45 dB.

The change in standard dimensions during prolonged exposure to a humid environment is no more than 0.3-2%.

Resistance to bending and stretching - 2,500-3,000 MPa, respectively.

Fire safety - class G1 (low combustible materials).

The average service life is up to 50 years.

Density, kg/m3 1300Humidity, % 9 +/- 3Water absorption in 24 hours, % no more than 16Thickness swelling in 24 hours, % no more than 2Biostability, class 4Roughness of plates Rz according to GOST 7016-82 for unpolished plates, microns, not more than 320Limit deviations in length and width, mm +/- 3Limit deviations in thickness for unpolished slabs 10 mm thick, mm +/- 0.6Limit deviations in thickness for unpolished slabs with a thickness of 12.16 mm, mm +/- 0.8Limit deviations in thickness for unpolished slabs with a thickness of 24 mm, mm +/- 1.0Limit deviations in thickness for unpolished slabs with a thickness of 36 mm, mm +/- 1.4Frost resistance (decrease in bending strength after 50 cycles), % no more than 10Tensile strength perpendicular to the plate, MPa, not less than 0.4Hardness, MPa, not less than 45-65Modulus of elasticity in bending, MPa, not less than 3500Thermal conductivity, W, (m/С°) 0.26Vapor permeability coefficient, mg/(m h Pa): 0.03

It should be noted that DSP boards are resistant to temperature changes, are well processed and are not subject to mold formation. The disadvantages include dependence on environmental humidity: if the material is in contact with water for a long time, the service life is reduced to 15 years.

Burning or not?

The combustibility of the material is one of the key issues of interest to builders and finishers. Due to the fact that wood is included in the composition, cement-bonded particle boards can catch fire, however, this requires prolonged exposure to high temperatures.

When in a completely blazing house, the DSP needs to contact with fire for at least an hour before igniting. In addition, the material does not contain active chemical components, so even in case of fire there is no threat of poisoning by combustion products.

The composition of the DSP board

In the manufacture of cement particle boards, manufacturers are guided by the GOST standards that apply to this type of building materials. In particular, the following ratio of components that make up the finished product is used:

Crushed wood shavings - not less than 30%.

1. Portland cement - not less than 58%.

   Additional impurities - 2.5%.

It should be clarified that the percentage of raw materials used must be indicated on the packaging. Here are the data recommended by GOST, which may differ slightly for the products of some manufacturers. However, when choosing a material, you need to focus on the given values: this is a guarantee of the quality and strength of DSP boards.

Application

The main scope of this material is to increase the thermal insulation properties and sound insulation of rooms. Therefore, the material is often used in private residential development and in the construction of commercial and industrial facilities.

Cement particle boards are optimally suited for interior and exterior walls, floor preparation for finishing. In addition, the material is often used for arranging interior partitions.

Regardless of the scope of application, DSPs are guaranteed to withstand the service life declared by the manufacturer, which is about 50 years!

Standard sizes

As already mentioned, DSP boards are manufactured in strict accordance with GOST standards, respectively, they have strictly defined external parameters. If we talk about standards, the following sizes apply here:

Sheet length - 2 700/3 200/3 600 mm.

Width - 1 200-1 250 mm.

Thickness - 8-36 mm.

Dimensions, mm Sheet area, m2 Sheet weight, kg Sheet volume, m3 Number of sheets in 1m3, pcs Number of sheets in a bundle, pcs Weight 1m3, kg2600*1250*10 3,25 42,25 0,03325 30,77 62 1300 2600*1250*12 3,25 50,7 0,039 25,64 52 1300 2600*1250*16 3,25 67,6 0,052 19,23 40 1300 2600*1250*24 3,25 101,4 0,078 12,82 27 1300 2600*1250*36 3,25 152,1 0,117 8,55 17 1300 2700*1250*8 3,375 35,1 0,027 37,04 83 1300 2700*1250*10 3,375 43,88 0,03375 29,63 66 1300 2700*1250*12 3,375 52,65 0,0405 24,69 55 1300 2700*1250*16 3,375 70,2 0,054 18,52 42 1300 2700*1250*20 3,375 87,75 0,0675 14,8 20 1300 2700*1250*24 3,375 105,3 0,081 12,35 28 1300 2700*1250*36 3,375 157,95 0,1215 8,23 18 1300 3200*1250*8 4 42,6 0,032 31,23 84 1300 3200*1250*10 4 52 0,04 25 66 1300 3200*1250*12 4 62,4 0,048 20,83 55 1300 3200*1250*16 4 83,2 0,064 15,63 42 1300 3200*1250*20 4 104 0,08 12,5 33 1300 3200*1250*24 4 124,8 0,096 10,42 28 1300

It should be clarified that these data are relevant only for products of domestic manufacturers. The European construction market has different standards.

Sheet weight

In the table above, the data is given in a separate column. The mass of the sheet directly depends on two fundamental factors: the thickness and area of ​​the product. At the same time, the length and width of the sheet is usually standard, only the thickness changes, which largely determines the operational characteristics and scope. Let's look at the change in the weight of a standard sheet (3200*1250 mm) depending on the thickness. It looks like this:

Thickness 10 mm - weight 54 kg.

12 mm - 64.8 kg.

16 mm - 80 kg.

20 mm - 108 kg.

The mass of the most dense sheets can reach up to 194 kg, however, such material is not very convenient for independent work. For wall cladding and arranging interior partitions, sheets are usually used, thickness 16-20 mm.

How to cut this material

It’s worth clarifying right away that it is better to cut cement-bonded particle boards in production workshops: the work is very dusty and requires a special tool for an even cut. At home, you can use the following devices:

The working surface of the tool must be made of carbide materials, the rotational speed of circular saws: no more than 200 rpm.

To minimize indoor pollution and reduce dust, it is recommended to spray the surface of the material being cut with water, prepare a vacuum cleaner to suck up fine particles.

List of verified manufacturers

In the Russian market, there are several proven companies that produce quality products that meet GOST standards. When choosing a DSP, you can pay attention to the following manufacturers:

CJSC "TAMAK". The company is located in the Tambov region, is engaged in the production of cement-bonded particle boards according to domestic and European standards (EN 634-2). Products are solid monolithic sheets without the slightest defect.

CSP-Svir LLC. The company operates in the Leningrad region, filling the market with quality products. Characteristic features of finished sheets: polished or calibrated light gray surface. The production uses German equipment, which ensures the production of DSP boards according to Russian and European standards.

CJSC "MTI". The production line of the company is located in the Kostroma region. Finished sheets have a clear geometry, comply with Russian quality standards, and are sold in an affordable price segment.

OOO "Stropan". The company operates in the Omsk region. The main characteristics of the finished sheets look like this: thickness from 10 to 36 mm while maintaining standard dimensions, material elasticity - 3,000 MPa, excellent thermal conductivity and sound insulation.

ZSK LLC. The company is located in the city of Sterlitamak, Republic of Bashkortostan. Let out production has standard standard sizes corresponding to GOST, differs in resistance to aggressive influence of environment and differences of temperatures.

It is important to clarify that all Russian companies producing cement-bonded particle boards work on equipment from Western manufacturers. This helps to produce quality products at affordable prices.

Good to know when installing

It must be remembered that it is necessary to work with cement-bonded particle boards very carefully: the large area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe sheet makes it fragile, so installation is carried out by at least two people.

In addition, DSP boards are not laid closely, expansion joints must be left. The composition of the material includes wood, which tends to expand under the influence of a humid environment. Given this feature, it is not recommended to fill the joints with putty. It is better to use a sealant that will not interfere with the expansion of the DSP boards.

DSP is a product for a wide range of construction purposes, which is based on two diverse components: cement, which is of mineral origin, and wood shavings - a natural organic raw material.

The slabs combine the advantages of concrete and fiberboard products, demonstrate great strength and absolute environmental safety.

Manufacturing process

DSP panels are made in several stages, the most important of which is the stage of preparation of raw materials. The composition of the composite product includes the following components:

• cement, reaching 65%;
• wood chips equal to 24%.

For effective enveloping of two types of components, hydration, binding fillers are introduced in an amount equal to approximately 2%. The entire working mixture is wetted with water, the mass fraction of which should not exceed 9%.

Raw material preparation

At the stage of preparation of raw materials, the chips are crushed and dispersed into two fractions. Pieces with smaller dimensions in the manufacture of DSP boards will be located in the outer layers, with larger parameters - in the inner core of the board.

To ensure the safety of wood raw materials for a long time, it is impregnated with solutions of aluminum salts and liquid glass. Processing provides chip resistance to biological contamination, increasing the strength of the fibers that perform a reinforcing function in the composition of the composite.

Mixing and pressing

At the next stage, the chips, the solution of additives and cement must be combined and thoroughly mixed, achieving a completely homogeneous mass. This can be done only with the help of special mixers of high power, adjustable rotation intensity. Wood pieces are not very well covered with mineral powder from cement, so sometimes a small portion of fuel oil and industrial (technical) oil is added to the mixture.

Upon reaching absolute homogeneity, the mixture is placed in layers in pallets, which are placed on top of each other and placed under a press. After exposure to high pressure, the compressed cement-chip mass, fixed in the molds with latches, is transferred to thermal chambers, where heating is carried out during one working shift.

Then the molds are removed from the chamber, returned again under the press, where the locking clips are removed. For the final acquisition of all operational characteristics, the formed DSP sheets are transferred to storage facilities, where they are kept for 2 weeks, periodically drying with an air stream heated to 100 ° C.

At the final stage, the slabs are formatted in size, packaged, and sent to the storage facilities for finished products.

Sheet sizes

The national standard regulates the subdivision of the material according to the general physical and mechanical parameters and dimensions of the DSP boards into 2 groups. The length of the products is 3.2 and 3.6 m. In the first group, fluctuations of the parameter in one direction or another by 3 mm are allowed, in the second group - by 5 mm.

The standard widths are 1.2 and 1.25 m, the trend in the allowable parameter fluctuations is the same. Errors in the geometric parameters of products of the 2nd group are always greater.

The thickness of the sheets is different:

• in one category it reaches 10 mm with a minimum of 8 mm;
• in the other - 16 with a minimum of 12 mm;
• in the third - 28 with a minimum of 18 mm;
• in the fourth - 40 with a minimum value of the range of 30 mm.

Thickness fluctuations allowed by the standard vary from 0.6 to 1.4 mm in the first group of DSP boards and from 0.8 to 1.6 mm in the second group.

The regulations stipulate the strict perpendicularity of the intersecting sides of the plates, the normalized dimensions of the diagonals, the limited deviation from the plane, which is equal to a maximum of 0.8 mm for the 1st group, and a maximum of 1 mm for the second.

The standard specifies the number of flaws, the presence of which is permissible. The possibility of chipping on DSP boards is completely excluded, the number of possible spots of any origin and dents is strictly regulated. The requirements for products with the designation TsSP-1 are more stringent than for products TsSP-2. Delaminations, foreign inclusions, mechanical defects are completely excluded for the entire range of materials.

physical characteristics

For evaluating the operational capabilities of DSP sheets, physical parameters are of decisive importance.

The weight

It is possible to plan the conditions of transportation, installation, knowing the value of the weight of the DSP, which is determined by the dimensions and density of the products. The minimum specific gravity of cement particle boards is 1100 kg / m 3, the maximum is 300 units more.

As an example: one sheet with a density of 1300 kg / m 3 and dimensions of 2700 x 1250 x 10 weighs almost 44 kg (43.88).

From this, the obvious conclusion is that the material is very heavy. One cubic meter of panels will weigh almost one and a half tons. The buyer must make thorough preparations for the delivery and subsequent use of panels with such a weight.

Humidity

The normalized humidity of the DSP is 9%, the standard legalizes fluctuations in the value by a third in the direction of increase or decrease. The sufficiently large value of possible deviations is apparently due to the structural features of the composite.

DSP-products during control tests per day can increase in size in thickness by 2%, which occurs due to the absorption of moisture in an amount that can be 16% of the initial sheet weight. This factor must be taken into account when storing plates and installing it on the front of the house, outside of industrial buildings.

Strength

The presence of wood fibers in the composite made it possible to impart good strength properties to the material. Thus, the maximum strength under bending loads for the thickest sheet is 12 MPa, for the thinnest - 7 MPa. If tensile forces, estimated at 0.35 MPa, are applied to the plate, it will not change. Since the strength of DSP boards is higher than that of plywood, they are actively used for the construction of formwork.

The standard standardizes the permissible surface roughness, which is 4 times less for sanded panels than for unsanded ones. For the manufacture of formwork, it is quite possible to purchase slabs that have not been sanded. Facade decoration can be made beautiful both with the help of polished products, and by installing CSP boards with roughness, which have undergone additional decorative processing.

fire safety

From the chemical composition and technological features of production, the high resistance of DSP panels to ignition, the minimum tendency, equal to almost zero, to the spread of flame logically follows. In the case of strong heating of the cement-bonded material, there is a negligible possibility of the formation of gases and smoke during combustion. At the same time, the toxicity of the released thermal oxidation products is very low.

Note! It is safe to say that DSP-plates are a fireproof material.

Wood shavings burn remarkably well on their own, but as part of the composite, they are soaked through with mineral agents, surrounded by particles of Portland cement, which reduces the fire hazard to zero. The combustibility of DSP panels in accordance with the generally accepted classification is designated as G1.

Frost resistance

One of the important characteristics of CSP boards is frost resistance. The ability of panels made from a mixture of cement and shavings to endure frost is impressive. Even if the finish is thawed and then frozen 50 times over the winter (although such frequent temperature changes are extremely rare), the coating strength will decrease by only 10%. DSP-plates can be used outdoors for half a century without any problems.

Varieties of DSP

The production of CSP boards in Russia has been implemented in the industry for about thirty years. During this time, domestic and foreign technologies have changed, which led to the emergence of new similar materials on the market, for example, such as:

• fibrolite;
• wood concrete;
• xylolite.

The composition of the fiberboard includes cement and wood fibers so thin that they are called wool. The material is soft to the touch, well isolates sound, has high strength and resistance to cracking.

Arbolit is a mixed composite consisting of cement and wood chips, shavings, pieces of reed stalks and rice straw. The material is not very durable, suitable for the construction of light partitions. Unlike DSP-plate, which is quite applicable for flooring, wood concrete will not withstand such a load.

A feature of xylolite is increased resistance to water, achieved due to the introduction of Sorel cement into the composite mass. Xylolithic panels can be laid on the floor, laid on the roof, placed in any place where a large amount of water can get in.

Application features

Cement-bonded panels can be laid on ceilings, installed as partitions or main walls, sheathed house frames, finished part of the walls above the foundation (basement). It is known to use a DSP-plate for the floor instead of a cement screed. The material perfectly copes with the load, besides it provides thermal insulation.

Mounting plates

To fix the structures, galvanized helical nails are suitable, when choosing the length of which, the thickness of the sheet and the total dimensions of the cake should be taken into account. You can also use self-tapping screws, for which holes are pre-prepared.

Due to the large mass of the panels, special attention should be paid to respecting the recommended distances between fasteners. To do this, it is advisable to use special tables, which are compiled taking into account the value of the sheet thickness and the location of the fastener.

In addition to fixing along the perimeter, intermediate fixings are necessarily made on the tile, usually located in the middle part of the height. In the gaps, the DSP can be fixed half as often as along the edge lines.

Inserts can be formatted with conventional high-quality tools designed to work with materials of high hardness.

External finishing of plates

Sanding the surface layer is not worth it, because this can lead to an increase in the tendency to absorb moisture. When joining wall structures, there may be a need for leveling the height, which is somewhat more difficult to do than when working, for example, with a brick. In such situations, the use of any grinding machine is allowed, the main thing is that the grain size fits up to No. 25, then damage to the structure will not occur.

For finishing DSP surfaces are usually plastered and painted. This reduces their ability to absorb moisture. The material lasts longer, does not crumble.

joints

When working with DSP, it is important to leave a sufficient distance at the joints, which should be at least 4 mm indoors, and 8 mm outdoors. If this requirement is ignored, cracking of the seam joints may occur. A sufficiently large space is covered with elastic plastic or sealant.

External junctions are sometimes decorated with slats or profiles made of aluminum alloys; a special elastic cord can be laid inside at the junctions.

During the construction of private housing constructions, customers who want to ensure maximum fire safety for the building choose a project option with the manufacture of SIP panels from DSP sheets. At the same time, an inorganic heater of mineral origin is laid between two layers made of a mixture of cement and shavings. The resulting design demonstrates strength, environmental friendliness, fire safety.

For comparison with other materials, we propose to use such characteristics as:

• fire safety;
• ease of installation;
• resistance to mold and disease;
• reviews of builders;
• feedback from residents and homeowners.

Fire safety and flammability class

In this parameter, DSPs are superior not only to polymeric insulation and PVC, but even to wood concrete. TsSP is assigned a flammability class - G1, that is, they are slow-burning. Due to the large proportion of cement, each of the chips is surrounded by a cement stone, so to start the pyrolysis process in wood close to the surface exposure to a temperature of 500 or more degrees for half an hour is necessary.

As soon as the thermal effect is eliminated, the pyrolysis process is quickly completed, because close contact of many chips is necessary for the start of a self-sustaining reaction.

If the temperature exceeds 700 degrees, and this effect lasts more than an hour, then the pyrolysis of the chips begins throughout the entire depth of the plate.

At this temperature, any building materials sharply lose strength, and concrete is completely destroyed. Therefore, after a fire of such magnitude, the house cannot be repaired, except that the fire was local in nature and burned out only a small area of ​​​​the house.

Even the start of the pyrolysis process does not lead to the release of particularly toxic substances, because the main components of pyrolysis gas (smoke) are:

• nitrogen;
• carbon dioxide;
• carbon monoxide.

Only carbon monoxide is a serious danger, but, firstly, very little of it is released during pyrolysis, and secondly, during a fire, combustion occurs in conditions of lack of oxygen, so carbon monoxide is released everywhere in huge quantities.

Therefore, the DSP one of the safest in the fire plan of materials and is comparable to GKL and fiberboards. It is much safer than finishing from:

• plywood;
• boards;
• wood concrete;
• insulating fiberboards;
• foams and plastics.

Ease of installation

Due to the high cement content of CSP much harder than most finishing materials.

The weight of thin sheets is 25-45 kg, so a minimum of 2 people are needed to work with them.

To work with thick sheets, 5-6 people are needed, because the mass of a sheet with a thickness of 26 mm exceeds 200 kg.

Cutting the material is also difficult, because you need to use high-speed circular saw and diamond-coated blade or carbide tipped.

Therefore, in terms of ease of installation, DSP is inferior to most finishing materials. After all, its weight, with equal dimensions and thickness, exceeds the mass of any other finishing material, including LSU and wood concrete.

Resistant to mold and disease

Due to the fact that the wood in the DSP does not have direct contact with air, it is less susceptible to mold and disease.

In addition, for products manufactured in accordance with the requirements of GOST, the chips are pre-soaked in a solution of lime or other reagents, increasing biological stability wood.

Feedback from builders and residents about wood-cement blocks

In order to collect the most reliable feedback on the characteristics, application and prices of DSPs, we turned to the forums, among the users of which there are:

• professional builders;
• experienced engineers;
• owners of apartments and houses;
• people with experience in self-repair.

Here list of forums with DSP discussion threads:

• Forumhouse;
• Forumgrad;
• NGS House;
• Vegalab;
• We build a house;
• Mastergrad;
• Ideas for your home;

Scopes of DSP

DSPs have been widely used in many construction areas due to their technical characteristics. Modern products based on cement and wood shavings compete with drywall, fiberboard and plywood.

Loft-style room

Finishing the facade of the DSP

Houses, the facades of which are lined with CSP, acquire an aesthetic appearance. The front layer of such products can have different designs. They imitate other finishing materials (stone, brickwork, plaster) or have a decorative rough surface made of stone chips of various colors and fractions.

Milled decorative slabs for stone and brick
High strength, resistance to negative environmental influences and aesthetic appearance of decorative CBPBs allow them to be successfully used for facade work in the construction of private houses
A variety of front decorative layer of stone chips

This video will tell about decorative materials based on DSP for facade decoration:

The use of DSP for the floor

When laying DSP on the floor along the logs, it is recommended to choose a thickness of products from 24 mm in order to ensure sufficient strength of the floor covering.

Fastening on lags

When working indoors, it is necessary to carry out preparatory measures - to close the holes in the base, if any, fix the logs, put insulation and vapor barrier material.

Preparatory work before laying the DSP on the floor

Fixation of the plates is carried out using self-tapping screws, while the screw with a countersunk head must be immersed in the body of the wooden beam by 20 mm. The result is a perfectly flat subfloor with excellent performance.

frame construction

DSPs have proven themselves in the construction of frame-type houses. There are two options - the purchase of a ready-made house kit from SIP panels based on DSP or self-construction of walls, between which there is a mineral insulation. The plates are fixed on a wooden or metal crate, while the frame is sewn around the perimeter, and then window and door openings are cut out. The elements of the crate are installed in increments of 60 cm so that the insulation material can be firmly fixed between them. Plates are taken with a thickness of 10–16 mm, fixed with galvanized screws.

House on frame technology using DSP

Related article:

Do-it-yourself frame house: step by step instructions. Do you want to build a frame house with your own hands? The step-by-step instructions given in this article will help to understand all the intricacies quickly and easily even for beginners.

Interior finishing works

The environmental safety of cement-bonded particle boards made it possible to use them as a full-fledged finishing material inside premises for any purpose. Due to its high moisture resistance, this material has significantly replaced drywall, which is not recommended for use on walls in wet areas.

Leveling the walls and floor in the bathroom

DSPs are used for effective leveling of walls and their subsequent finishing with decorative finishing materials. However, DSP in some interiors (loft, industrial, high-tech, and others), where a raw concrete texture is appropriate, is used to create accent surfaces and even to cover entire rooms.

The accent wall in the bedroom at the head of the bed is made of cement panels

The fastening of the plates depends on the thickness and dimensions of the sheets, and, accordingly, their weight. Heavy products are attached to the crate, and light ones - with the help of a special solution or mastic.

Production of SIP panels from CSP

CIP panels made of DSP are a three-layer material, where an insulation made of expanded polystyrene, basalt fiber or polyurethane foam (PPU) is fixed between the sheets.

Appearance of sandwich panels

A common distinguishing feature of the material is its high fire and environmental safety. The possibility of rapid construction of a private house and significant savings on finishing facade work.

Assembling a house kit from SIP with DSP

The use of DSP for formwork in monolithic construction

There are a number of advantages of this type of fixed formwork device in the production of monolithic works:

1. Reducing installation work and the total period of construction of the facility.
2. Surface ready for finishing.
3. High profitability of the construction of the facility as a whole.
4. Guaranteed to create a solid and reliable design.

Monolithic construction using fixed formwork from DSP

Mounting methods

DSPs can be mounted in various ways, depending on the purpose for which they are used. When finishing or insulating buildings, they are attached to a crate made of a metal profile or wooden bars with self-tapping bolts or nails. The arrangement of fixed formwork also involves frame erection (given the large weight of the plates, it, like the crate when finishing the walls, must be strong enough). In addition, the slabs can be laid on logs (when installing the floor) or rafters (under the roofing). When interior decoration, they are also can be attached to the wall with mortar or mastic.

Preparing for DSP Coating

Before starting work on arranging a rough coating from DSP, the subfloor must be properly prepared. For example, in the case of laying material on a wooden base, old or rotten boards must be dismantled and replaced with new ones.

It is important to close all the cracks with putty, and the wooden base is primed for better adhesion to the glue, on which the slab coating will be mounted.

If the installation will be carried out on a concrete base, then it should also be carefully inspected for damage and repaired if necessary. Also, if there are strong horizontal deviations, cement mixtures are leveled. In the case of laying DSP on the ground, a preliminary leveling of the surface is necessarily carried out - this can be done by pouring a sand-gravel mixture 20 cm thick on the ground and ramming it.

The process of building a gazebo with a DSP floor

The best option is to lay DSP boards on logs. In this case, if it is planned to install the base directly above the ground, the supports for the logs are installed on the ground, and hydro and thermal insulation is also laid. The distance between the supports can vary from 0.5 to 1 m - this figure depends on the thickness of the timber used for the logs.

Materials and tools that need to be prepared for working with DSP:

• timber for lags (section 150x100 or 50x100 mm);
• DSP boards in the required quantity;
• antiseptic solution for timber;
• sawing tool (for example, a hacksaw);
• materials for waterproofing and insulation;
• measuring instruments (tape measure, pencil);
• fixing material;
• drill.

Fastening floor tiles with self-tapping screws

How to paint DSP board

To give DSP boards an attractive appearance, the easiest way is to paint. After appropriate preparation of the surface, two coats of paint are applied with a roller or. Most often, in order to paint the DSP, they use:

Acrylic paints . This paint has good adhesion and is highly wear resistant. If financial possibilities allow, it is better to use paints that include a solvent, but water-soluble facade acrylic paints, if properly applied, will last from 3 to 5 years.

latex paint . This coating is resistant to alkaline and mild acid solutions, easy to wash and mechanically clean with detergents. Besides. Painting work can be done independently, which will save a significant amount.

silicate paint . The use of this type of coating has high adhesion, their vapor permeability provides optimal conditions for air circulation, which prevents the appearance of mold and other fungi. The coating is not afraid of atmospheric influences and detergents, and the service life will satisfy even the highest requirements.

Before proceeding with the painting of the CBPB, it should be taken into account that the use of alkyd paints is undesirable, since cracking and peeling of the coating may occur upon direct contact with alkalis.

1 What are such plates made of, are additives needed?

DSP is a multi-component sheet building material, in the manufacturing process of which Portland cement and wood shavings are used. In addition, the composition of the plate includes special chemical additives that allow the base materials to coexist without any problems. Indeed, under normal conditions, wood is not friendly with cement, which provokes excessive moisture and the associated warping and decay of the material.

For the manufacture of CBPB, Portland cement and shavings are used.

The use of special additives (up to 2.5–3% of the total volume) eliminates the negative consequences of the proximity of wood and cement, giving CBPB such useful properties of the first and second components as heat resistance and fire resistance. Moreover, due to the percentage ratio - 24% of wood accounts for 65% of cement - the plate acquires other positive qualities: high strength, frost resistance, soundproofing properties, vapor permeability and complete disregard for the material by both insects and rodents.

In addition, at the same time, a wooden and cement board demonstrates such qualities as resistance to fungi, moisture resistance, resistance to temperature shrinkage and compatibility with most finishing materials, which is explained by enviable adhesion. At the same time, chemical additives in DSP do not belong to environmentally harmful materials, since they do not contain either asbestos or formaldehyde.

Specifications of the DSP

In the manufacture of high-strength cement compositions are mixed with wood shavings of various fractions, water and a number of chemical reagents (for example, liquid glass or aluminum salts). Reacting with wood shavings, chemicals mineralize it, thereby increasing the strength and durability of the board.

Layering is the main quality of the boards, which guarantees their high quality and special strength. The formation of the slab structure occurs in such a way that large fractions of chips are located inside, and small ones are outside. After the preparation of the cement-bonded mass, its layers are placed in special molds under the press, from where the finished multilayer DSP with a smooth surface on one side comes out.

DSP: the technical characteristics of the plate are such that it does not require the application of finishing putty. It is sufficient to paint the slabs after placement. In some cases it will be sufficient to apply a thin coat of primer before painting.

CSP floors laying nuances

In general, the installation of DSP boards is carried out in exactly the same way as the laying of OSB boards.

During the work, it is important to follow a few rules, and then the base of the floor will turn out to be of the highest quality: a wooden beam for a log must be treated with compounds that prevent rotting

Special compositions can be replaced with engine oil;

• a wooden beam for a log must be treated with compounds that prevent rotting. Special compositions can be replaced with engine oil;

Wood preservatives

• when installing plates on a concrete screed for a log, you can use a beam of a smaller section - up to 50x50 mm. This will save usable space;
• when installing the log, you should monitor their level - it must be strictly horizontal;
• before installation, DSP boards are laid out on logs - this will allow you to determine which of them need to be trimmed if necessary;
• glue must be well mixed before use;
• Compensation gaps along the walls will allow avoiding deformation of the DSP base.

Another example of the use of DSP

DSP - the material is not bad enough, if you use it to create an even base. It is not difficult to work with him, but due to the large mass of sheets, it is better to get an assistant.

Mounting Features

Boards based on a cement-bonded mixture are easy to process. For cutting, you will need a hacksaw with fine teeth. Large teeth contribute to the formation of dust, makes the edges of the part uneven, so this tool is not suitable for sawing DSP.

When arranging a dry screed, a concrete or wooden coating is used as the basis for the slabs. Also allowed is the option of laying sheets on a frame, the cells of which are pre-filled with insulating material (mineral wool, foam plastic, expanded clay, and another type of dry filler).

The plates are fixed with self-tapping screws or with the help of an adhesive mixture. The adhesive must be evenly distributed over the surface of the material with a notched trowel, leaving no gaps. This will help to avoid deformation of the material.

It is also important to generously fill the joints with adhesive to obtain a monolith. Self-tapping screws are screwed in at intervals of 35-50 cm

When facing the DSP of the outer walls of the building, an installation method is used that provides for the arrangement of the crate. Frame parts can be wooden or made of metal profiles. When choosing a tree, it is recommended to pre-treat it with an antiseptic solution to protect it from premature aging and microbiological processes.

To create a thermal protection of the dwelling, it is recommended to lay heat-insulating material between the walls of the house and the DSP. Preference should be given to basalt wool, which has a good rate of vapor permeability (the walls will breathe) and high resistance to moisture (low hygroscopicity will prevent moisture absorption into the layers of the heat insulator).

Fine finishing of slabs from a cement-bonded mixture provides for surface treatment with a primer, laying a reinforcing mesh and applying a layer of decorative plaster. The facade is painted in a color that echoes other architectural elements of the exterior.

Arrangement of the floor with the help of DSP

Let's consider the arrangement of the floor from the DSP on the logs using the example of a balcony.

Step 1. A layer of insulation is laid under the logs. Logs are installed parallel to the walls at a distance of about 30-40 cm from each other.

Logs installed on top of the insulation

Step 2 Cross bars are installed, crates are being created. Between themselves, wooden bars are connected using metal corners and self-tapping screws.

Cross bars are installed, the crate is ready

Step 3 The space between the lags is filled with insulating material.

Insulation laying

Step 4 DSP slabs of the required dimensions are laid across the longitudinal logs. The width of the piece of material should be slightly less than the width of the balcony (by 5-10 mm).

Laying DSP boards

Step 5 The plates are fastened with self-tapping screws on the logs. The gaps between the DSP boards are sealed with adhesive.

Fixing plates with self-tapping screws

Video - Laying tiles on the DSP

DSP in the process of creating the foundation

Cement- and chip-based slabs can be used to create formwork that aids in pouring foundations. The thickness of the material depends on the required dimensions of the foundation and ranges from 16 to 26 mm.

Strengths of CSP formwork.

Simplicity in the installation of plates by an order of magnitude reduces labor costs and reduces the time of work, thus reducing the cost of the process of pouring the foundation. A special paint can be applied to the outside, after which it will acquire the properties of vertical waterproofing. Due to the high strength of the plates, the formwork is resistant to deformation during pouring and drying of the concrete solution.

The versatility of DSP allows the use of this material in the construction of frame-based housing, for leveling floor and wall coverings, as well as during the installation of soft roofs in buildings of any type. CSP floor slab gets good reviews from builders all over the world due to its high quality material and excellent performance.

Cement particle board floor application

The main advantages of CSP are high strength and durability.

The use of building materials consists in laying finished panels on various types of bases:

• a flat surface of a wooden or cement floor;
• wooden logs installed at regular intervals.

Ceramic tiles can be glued to the surface of the plates, flooring can be laid, as well as laminate or parquet. The properties of the material are preserved for decades, subject to the installation technology.

Scope of application of DSP boards

As mentioned above, DSP boards, the use of which ensures high mechanical strength of the structures being created, are widely used in construction, repair and finishing works, in particular:

• When making formwork foundations and other monolithic reinforced structures. The use of DSP greatly simplifies the installation process, in addition, this design prevents concrete leakage and ensures the formation of smooth side walls that do not require subsequent plastering.
• For wall cladding and construction . In most cases, DSP sheets are attached to a pre-assembled metal or wooden frame. The thickness of the sheets in this case is from 8 to 12 mm. For fastening, self-tapping screws are most often used, it is also possible to use screws or nails as fasteners. In some cases, when leveling walls, special adhesive polymer mixtures can be used.
• The use of DSP floor slabs provides high mechanical strength, as well as high rates of heat, hydro and sound insulation. The thickness of the material is selected based on the existing loads and the distance between the lags, however, the use of DSP boards with a thickness of less than 14 mm is not recommended.
• Application for facade at home allows not only to significantly reduce the time for exterior finishing work, but also provides high-quality waterproofing of the main walls. Another advantage is that when using DSP, the characteristics of the material allow you to create various types of ventilated facades. As for the thickness of the sheet, for outdoor work it can vary from 12 to 14 mm.

Plate production

The production of DSP consists of the following steps:

1. Aluminum, liquid glass, various salts are part of aqueous solutions that are loaded into special mixers.
2. Mineralization of raw materials occurs with the gradual introduction of wood shavings into these solutions, consisting of different-sized fractional inclusions.
3. Then cement and a little water are introduced into the composition.
4. The mass is thoroughly mixed to obtain a homogeneous consistency, sent under a powerful press.
5. The output is thin, but strong, with a smooth surface product.

The smooth surface of the plate is obtained due to the special distribution of chips in its structure - larger fragments are inside the product, and small ones are on the surface. In the production of DSPs, there are no voids in them. Another advantage is that the product is not subject to additional leveling, but can be immediately used for the manufacture of a subfloor and serve as a high-quality, even base for laminate, tile and other types of topcoat.

DSP production technology

From the name itself, it becomes clear that the main components of this material are cement (65%) and wood chips (24%). All this is mixed with water (8.5%), and various additives are added to the resulting mixture to improve the technical characteristics of the plate (2.5%).

Two types of chip material are used in the production process of DSP boards. They differ in size: small and medium. The plate itself has a three-layer structure, so medium-sized chips are poured into the second layer, and small chips into the first and third. The production process itself takes place in the following sequence.

• Chips are mixed with hydration additives.
• Cement grade M500 is added to the resulting mixture.
• Water pours in.
• The solution is thoroughly mixed until a homogeneous mass is obtained.
• The first layer with small chips is poured into the mold.
• The second layer with medium-sized chips.
• And the third layer.
• Pressing is in progress.
• After that, the semi-finished material is heated to +90C for eight hours.
• Then, within 13-15 days, it dries in natural conditions.
• After that, depending on the batch, it is either polished or simply stored.

Cement particle board applications in construction

DSP is a cement-bonded particle board, and the name fully reflects the composition of this material. DSPs are made from a mixture, the components of which are wood chips and cement compositions.

What is DSP and OSB? What is the difference?

The composition of the building material includes:

• wood chips with fractions of various sizes - 24%;
• water - 8.5%;
• special additives - 2.5%;
• Portland cement - 65%.

DSP boards for outdoor use

The production process is quite simple - DSP is done as follows.

1. Special water solutions are loaded into special mixers, which include various salts, liquid glass and aluminum.
2. Further, wood shavings with fractions of different sizes are gradually added to these solutions - mineralization of raw materials occurs.
3. Cement is added to the resulting composition and a little more water is added.
4. The mass is subjected to thorough mixing until a homogeneous mass and then goes under a powerful press.

GOST 26816-86. Cement particle boards. Specifications. Download file (click on the link to open the PDF file in a new window).

GOST 26816-86

The result of this production chain is the finished cement particle board, which is quite thin and has a smooth surface. A large amount of cement in the composition allows you to create a fairly durable material. By the way, inside the plate, the chips have b about Larger dimensions than outside, due to which the smoothness of the surface of the finished material is achieved. DSP does not need to be further leveled after laying, making the material excellent for creating a rough floor covering for laminate, tile and other types of finishes. Also, voids are not formed inside the DSP during production.

Cement particle board production

On a note! Wood shavings are also used as a raw material in the production of chipboard, fiberboard and OSB boards. The technologies for the production of these materials are somewhat similar to the technology for producing CSP boards.

Comparative table of performance characteristics of wood-based materials

DSP boards are widely used in construction. They can be used to decorate the facade walls of houses, they are used to create various partitions inside the premises. The material is suitable for use in restoration purposes and for interior finishing work. At the same time, it is suitable for apartments and private houses.

DSPs are used in construction for many purposes.

DSP plate is distinguished by high environmental friendliness, as it is created from natural materials and practically does not contain additional chemical ingredients. That is why the stove is recommended for use both in residential premises and in production.

Cement particle board (DSP)

The use of cement particle board is an opportunity to abandon the laborious pouring of a cement screed to create a base. Building material allows you to reduce labor costs and spend less money from the budget planned for leveling the floors for laying the finish coating.

Installation of a DSP plate for ceramic tiles

Processing rules for sawing and drilling DSP boards

Like it or not, CSP is a concrete stone filled with shavings (wood filler). Therefore, when the question is raised, how to process this type of material, one cannot mention a hand tool. Cutting and drilling can only be carried out with an electric tool.

At the same time, it is better not to use a jigsaw, although some craftsmen manage to cut plates of small thickness with such a tool. You just have to change the file often - every 5-7 m. Therefore, the optimal solution is a disc cutting tool.

The easiest way to cut DSP is with a circular saw with a diamond blade.

As for the disk, there are two options:

1. Diamond coated disc with cut out segments. This disc is used for dry cutting. Here you can use discs for cutting stone, concrete or brick - they all work.
2. Pobedite-coated discs for cutting wood. DSP is not the most durable material in terms of comparison with stone, so such a tool will cope with it.

As for power tools, most often craftsmen use a grinder or a circular saw (parquet).

Attention! It is easier to cut slabs with a DSP circular saw because the power tool has a support bar. It is she who allows you to clearly orient the disk in a perpendicular plane to the sheet, and as the final result - an even cut of the material

DSP slabs can be cut with a grinder with a cutting diamond disc installed on it

As for drilling holes in slabs, either metal drills or drills are used for this.

Types and characteristics

There are 3 types of DSP:

• fibrolite- heat-insulating material based on long-fiber shavings (“wood wool”). Soft, easy to process, resistant to biological factors;
• wood concrete- made from sawdust and small chips. It has a wide range of applications (thermal insulation, decoration, material for wall partitions, etc.);
• xylolite(slab and cast). It has high strength, thermal insulation qualities and a wide range of colors, it is used as a floor covering.

Due to their water absorption, the plates increase in size, so a gap is required when installing between them.

Kinds

There are three types of DSPs. Studies of the material showed with accuracy that each of them does not lose its valuable properties even in the process of multiple cycles of a significant increase in temperature and subsequent defrosting.

Resistance to fire and especially humid environment, negative biological factors was also confirmed. But each type of plate has its own characteristics, consisting in the method of production, the difference in raw materials, the characteristics of the finished product and the scope. Among the types you can specify.

1. Fiber mat. Its basis is the so-called wood wool, which is a long-fiber shaving. The composition also includes inorganic binders.

Wood tapes obtained on special machines are impregnated with solutions of calcium chloride and liquid glass. Raw materials pressed in molds are subsequently dried. The thickness of such plates can reach 150 mm, but there are a number of much thinner parameters.

These building elements, characterized by considerable strength, are excellent for thermal insulation. Similar material is also used as acoustic.

It is easy to process and soft, because of this, it is in demand for multifaceted repairs, as well as works on the reconstruction of various structures. During construction operations with plates, due to their low weight, lifting equipment is not required; therefore, their use is very economical.

2. Arbolit. It is classified as lightweight concrete and contains small shavings, sawdust, reeds or rice straw. The most high-quality plates of this variety are made from wood chips.

If the basis of the composition is wood shavings, then the material is usually called wood concrete, if sawdust - sawdust concrete. The two types mentioned have somewhat reduced performance compared to the first one mentioned above.

They are heavier, denser and subject to unpleasant deformations, but also cost somewhat less. The scope of arbolite is quite wide. But basically it is in demand as a material for low-rise private construction, it is especially popular in the manufacture of wall partitions, as well as for decoration and thermal insulation.

3. Xylolite is most commonly known in the application as a coating DSP for floor. Plates, similar to those previously described, are made from wood waste, differing from other types in production technology. On sale, the presented assortment pleases with a variety of colors.

The material is distinguished by excellent thermal insulation qualities and increased strength. It does not burn in an open fire, but only gradually chars; even when boiling, it does not soak in water and is slightly thermally conductive; has an enviable elasticity and is hard as a stone, but at the same time it is easily processed like a tree: it is drilled, planed and sawn. In application, in addition to the above, it is excellent as a sheathing for stone, covering stairs, window sills, roofs.

An important characteristic is the weight of the DSP board. Such indicators are simply necessary to know during construction and other works.

The specified data is very useful in the transportation of goods and at the time of installation work. The mass of one module directly depends on the thickness and, knowing this indicator, it is easy to calculate it. After all, for every 10 mm there is a tiled weight of approximately 54 kg.

Installation work than sawing DSP

You should not try to cut the DSP with a hacksaw - this is a thankless task, the process is long, and the result leaves much to be desired. You can use a jigsaw or grinder.

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