GOST for formwork general technical requirements. Requirements of regulatory documents for removable formwork. General technical requirements

INTERSTATE COUNCIL FOR STANDARDIZATION. METROLOGY AND CERTIFICATION

INTERSTATE

STANDARD

FORMWORK

General specifications

Official edition

Stagedartnfory

GOST 34329-2017

Foreword

The goals, basic principles and basic procedure for carrying out work on interstate standardization are established in GOST 1.0-2015 “Interstate standardization system. Basic Provisions” and GOST 1.2-2015 “Interstate Standardization System. Interstate standards. rules and recommendations for interstate standardization. Rules for the development, adoption, updating and cancellation "

About the standard

1 DEVELOPED by OOO Scientific and Technical Center Stroyopalubka

2 INTRODUCED by the Technical Committee for Standardization TC 465 "Construction"

3 ADOPTED by the Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification (Minutes of November 30, 2017 No. 52-2017)

QM Country Briefs (ISO 3166) 004-67	Country code according to MK (ISO 3166) 004-97	Abbreviated name of the national standards body
Uzbekistan		Uzstandard
Kyrgyzstan		Kyrgyzstandart
		Rossgamdart
Tajikistan		Tajikstandart
Kazakhstan		State Standard of the Republic of Kazakhstan

4 Order federal agency on technical regulation and metrology of December 14, 2017 No. 1954-st interstate standard GOST 34329-2017 was put into effect as a national standard Russian Federation from April 1, 2018

5 This standard has been prepared on the basis of the application of GOST R 52085-2003 "

6 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME

Information about changes to this standard is published in the annual information index "National Standards", and the text of changes and amendments - in the monthly information index "National Standards". In case of revision (replacement) or cancellation of this standard, a corresponding notice will be published in the monthly information index "National Standards". Relevant information, notification and texts are also placed in information system common use- on the official website of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology and the Internet ()

By order of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology dated December 14, 2017 N9 1954-st GOST R 52085-2003 was canceled from April 1, 2018.

€> Standardinform. 2018

In the Russian Federation, this standard cannot be fully or partially reproduced. replicated and distributed as an official publication without the permission of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology

and

GOST 34329-2017

1 area of use............................................... ..................one

3 Terms and definitions .......................................................... ................2

4 Formwork classification .......................................................... ..............5

5 Basic quality parameters............................................................... ..........6

6 General technical requirements............................................................... ..........eight

7 Safety requirements............................................................... .............12

8 Rules for acceptance ............................................... ....................thirteen

9 Test methods............................................................... ...................fourteen

10 Transport and storage............................................................... .........fourteen

11 Instructions for use............................................................... ..............fourteen

12 Manufacturer's Warranty............................................................... ................fifteen

Annex A (informative) Applicability of formwork types ..................................................16

Annex B (informative) Formwork schemes .............................................. ...17

Annex B (mandatory) Indexing formwork of a specific design .................................25

Annex D (mandatory) Nomenclature of quality indicators established by

in the technical specifications for formwork of specific types .............................. 28

Annex E (mandatory) Loads and data for formwork calculation .............................30

GOST 34329-2017

INTERSTATE STANDARD

FORMWORK

General specifications

Formworks. General specifications

Introduction Date - 201&-04-01

1 area of use

This standard applies to all types of formwork for the construction of monolithic concrete and iron concrete structures. Standards for specific formwork types and individual elements are further developed.

2 Normative references

This standard uses Normative references for the following documents:

GOST 2.601-2013 Unified system design documentation. Operational documents GOST 4.221-82 System of product quality indicators. Construction. Building structures and products made of aluminum alloys. Nomenclature of indicators

GOST 9.014-78 Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging. Temporary anticorrosive protection of products. General requirements

GOST 9.032-74 Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging. Paint coatings. Groups. technical requirements and designations

GOST 9.303-84 Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging. Metallic and non-metallic inorganic coatings. General selection requirements

GOST 380-2005 Carbon steel of ordinary quality. Grades GOST 977-88 Steel castings. General specifications

GOST 1050-2013 Steel products from non-alloyed structural quality and special steels. General specifications

GOST 1583-93 Cast aluminum alloys GOST 2695-83 Hardwood lumber. Specifications GOST 3826-82 Woven wire mesh with square mesh. Specifications GOST 3916.1-96 General purpose plywood with outer layers of hardwood veneer. Specifications

GOST 3916.2-96 General purpose plywood with veneer outer layers conifers. Specifications

GOST 4598-86 Wood fiber boards. Specifications GOST 4784-97 Aluminum and wrought aluminum alloys. Grades GOST 5264-80 Manual arc welding. Connections are welded. Basic types. Structural elements and dimensions

GOST 8486-86 Softwood lumber. Specifications

GOST 8617-81 (ST SEV 3843-82. ST SEV 3844-82) Extruded profiles from aluminum and aluminum alloys. Specifications

GOST 8713-79 Welding under welding. Connections are welded. main types, structural elements and dimensions

GOST 8731-74 Hot-formed seamless steel pipes. Specifications GOST 9463-2016 Coniferous round timber. Specifications GOST 10632-2014 Chipboards. Specifications GOST 10706-76 Longitudinal electric-welded steel pipes. Specifications

Official edition

GOST 34329-2017

GOST 11474-76 Bent steel profiles. Specifications

GOST 11533-75 Automatic and semi-automatic submerged arc welding. Connections are welded at acute and obtuse angles. Main types, structural elements and dimensions

GOST 11534-75 Manual arc welding. Joints are welded with subacute and obtuse corners. Basic types, structural elements and dimensions

GOST 11539-2014 Bakelized plywood. Specifications

GOST 13118-83 (ST SEV 3329-81) Dies for sheet stamping. The guide columns are smooth. Design and dimensions

GOST 13268-88 (ST SEV 171-87) Tubular electric heaters GOST 14192-96 Cargo marking

GOST 14637-89 (ISO 4995-78) Carbon steel thick plate of ordinary quality. Specifications

GOST 14771-76 arc welding in protective gas. Connections are welded. Main types, structural elements and dimensions

GOST 14776-79 Arc welding. Welded spot joints. Main types, structural elements and dimensions

GOST 14806-80 Arc welding of aluminum and aluminum alloys in inert gases. Connections are welded. Main types, structural elements and dimensions

GOST 15150-69 Machinery, instruments and other technical products. Versions for different climatic regions. Categories, conditions of operation, storage and transportation in terms of the impact of environmental climatic factors

GOST 16523-97 Rolled thin-sheet carbon steel of high quality and ordinary quality for general purposes. Specifications

GOST 17066-94 Sheet-rolled products made of high-strength steel. Specifications GOST 18482-79 Extruded pipes from aluminum and aluminum alloys. Specifications GOST 19281-2014 High-strength rolled products. General specifications GOST 20850-2014 Wooden glued load-bearing structures. General specifications GOST 21778-81 (ST SEV 2045-79) System for ensuring the accuracy of geometric parameters in construction. Key points

GOST 21779-82 (ST SEV 2681-80) System for ensuring the accuracy of geometric parameters in construction. Technological approvals

GOST 22233-2001 Extruded profiles from aluminum alloys for translucent enclosing structures. Specifications

GOST 23518-79 Shielded arc welding. Connections are welded at acute and obtuse angles. Main types, structural elements and dimensions

Note - When using this standard, it is advisable to check the validity of reference standards in the public information system - on the official website of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology on the Internet or according to the annual information index "National Standards", which was published as of January 1 of the current year, and on issues of the monthly information index "National Standards" for the current year. If the reference standard is replaced (modified), then when using this standard, you should be guided by the replacing (modified) standard. If the referenced standard is canceled without replacement, the provision in which the reference to it is given applies to the extent that this reference is not affected.

3 Terms and definitions

In this standard, the following terms are used with their respective definitions:

3.1 anchor: A supporting element fixed in some fixed structure or in the ground to secure the formwork.

3.2 block formwork: Formwork consisting of spatial blocks.

3.2.1 external contour formwork (block form): Block formwork used for concreting closed and free-standing monolithic structures such as columns, stepped foundations. grillage, etc.

3.2.2 inner contour formwork

3.2.3 detachable formwork of the inner (external) contour: Block formwork (of the outer and inner contours) with detachable blocks.

GOST 34329-2017

3.2.4 one-piece formwork of the inner (outer) contour: Block formwork (of the outer and inner contours) with one-piece blocks.

3.2.5 formwork of the internal (external) contour, adjustable: Block formwork (of the external and internal contours), the design of which allows changing the dimensions in the plank and in height.

3.3 horizontally movable formwork: formwork, the structure of which moves horizontally as the monolithic structure is concreted, consisting of panels, bearing, supporting. connecting elements and mechanisms for movement.

3.3.1 rolling formwork: Horizontally movable formwork, the movement of which is carried out * by trolleys and other devices for concreting long stacks, open-pit tunnels, and other similar structures.

3.3.2 tunnel formwork: Horizontally movable formwork, the movement of which is carried out using special mechanisms with a hydraulic, mechanical or other drive for concreting the lining of tunnels built in a closed way.

3.4 heating formwork: formwork designed for concreting monolithic structures* at low ambient temperatures (from plus 5 °C), as well as for accelerating concrete hardening both in summer and winter conditions.

3.5 jack: Carrying and supporting element (screw, hydraulic, pneumatic, etc.) for installation, dismantling, straightening and lifting of formwork, including sliding, climbing. as well as formwork for ceilings, leveling elements.

3.6 jack frame: Bearing element of the sliding formwork, which receives loads from the panels during concreting and the working floor and serves to install jacks when lifting the formwork.

3.7 jacking rod

3.6 stiffness: Characteristic of the formwork and its elements, depending on the material (modulus of elasticity E) and the moment of inertia of the formwork section.

3.9 lock

3.10 clamp: Mounting element for slinging (capturing) the formwork when it is lifted during installation, stripping or remounting.

3.11 protective tube tube to protect against concrete for later use, e.g.

3.12 inventory formwork: Formwork of multiple use.

3.13 shield frame: The main load-bearing element of the shield.

3.14 formwork class: Qualitative characteristic formwork.

3.15 cross bracing: Hinged (cross-shaped) braces for holding slab formwork frames during installation.

3.16 circle: A horizontal beam that connects sliding formwork panels and takes pressure concrete mix.

3.17 large-panel formwork: Formwork consisting of large-sized supporting panels. connecting and mounting elements weighing more than 50 kg.

3.18 small-panel formwork: Formwork consisting of small-sized supporting panels. connecting and mounting elements weighing up to 50 kg. allowing manual installation of the formwork.

3.19 modular formwork: Large-panel (small-panel) formwork, including panels and/or other elements with fixed dimensions, multiples of a certain module.

3.20 formwork installation: Assembly and installation of the formwork and its elements into working position.

3.21 mounting element: A formwork element (device) used for mounting and stripping.

3.22 load-bearing capacity: Calculated load-bearing capacity of the formwork and its elements (loads taking into account all safety factors).

3.23 load-bearing element: Formwork element that takes all the loads during concreting and provides strength, rigidity and stability of its structure.

3.24 non-removable formwork: Formwork consisting of panels (panels, blocks, plastic) remaining in the structure after concreting, and inventory supporting elements.

3.25 turnover: The amount of use of formwork (concreting cycles), determined on the basis of experience in the use of statistical data or by calculation. Turnover before wear and tear, repair, turnover within a month, a year, etc.

GOST 34329-2017

3.26 floating formwork: Formwork consisting of sections, which, when installed in the working position, form a U-shaped formwork in cross section for simultaneous concreting of walls and ceilings.

3.26.1 U-shaped formwork: A floating formwork consisting of U-shaped sections.

3.26.2 L-shaped formwork: A floating formwork consisting of L-shaped half-sections.

3.27 single-use formwork: Formwork, the use of which is carried out once. for example, non-removable, or for unique, non-repeatable designs.

3.28 formwork: A structure that is a form for laying and holding a concrete mix.

3.29 deck: Forming element of the formwork, which is the surface in contact with concrete.

3.30 panel: A load-bearing large-sized element assembled from shields or unified load-bearing elements, mounted or dismantled without bulkheads.

3.31 pneumatic formwork: Formwork consisting of a form-forming flexible air-support shell or pneumatic support elements with a form-forming shell, maintained in working position by excess air pressure.

3.32 supporting element

3.33 brace: Mounting element for installation, straightening and stripping of panels (panels).

3.34 scaffolding for concreting: A technological element, which is a flooring with a fence, for the convenience of concreting monolithic structures and ensuring the safety of work. arranged on scaffold brackets.

3.35 Climbing formwork: Formwork consisting of panels that are separated from the concrete surface during lifting, as well as supporting, fastening, technological elements and devices for lifting.

3.36 deflection under load: Deflection of formwork and its elements under load in vertical and horizontal planes characterizing the rigidity of the formwork.

3.37 working floor: The floor of the sliding and climbing formwork (solid or along the inner panels of the sliding formwork) for the installation of equipment, placement of people, materials, pumping stations, maintenance of formwork and concreting.

3.38 collapsible formwork: Large-panel (small-panel) formwork, consisting of a removable deck and a set of load-bearing elements, from which, in various combinations, frames of panels, panels, blocks, tables are assembled depending on the load, followed by fixing the deck, as well as the necessary supporting, connecting and mounting elements.

3.39 frame

3.40 design load: The load accepted for calculation, with the corresponding standard safety factors during installation, dismantling, concreting.

3.41 sliding formwork: Formwork, the structure of which is moved vertically by jacks as the monolithic structure is concreted, and which consists of panels, jack frames. jacking rods, lifting mechanisms(jacks, pumping or other lifting stations) and technological elements (working floor. Scaffolding).

3.42 connecting element: Formwork mounting element, which is used to connect individual wall and floor formwork elements (boards, beams, etc.) and which takes up loads during installation and partially during concreting.

3.43 special formwork formwork used to give concrete or a concrete surface special properties, including the creation of relief, surfaces with increased density, as well as with variable thermal resistance, etc.

3.44 screed

3.45 scrum: A horizontal beam fixed to the formwork.

3.46 telescopic rack: A rack with the ability to change dimensions, extend (move) one part relative to another (base).

3.47 tripod: A mounting element for holding racks, frames during installation.

3.48 shaping element: A formwork element that is in direct contact with the concrete mixture and is used to give the concrete a given geometry of the structure (structure) and surface quality until the concrete gains the required strength.

GOST 34329-2017

3.49 board: A load-bearing and forming formwork element, consisting of a deck, frame and/or other load-bearing elements.

3.50 compensator shield (intermediate insert): A forming element installed between the main formwork elements (boards, panels) to obtain non-modular dimensions. as well as to ensure the stripping of internal closed cells of the building and structure. Intermediate inserts can be made both single (non-inventory insert) and reusable (inventory) use.

4 Formwork classification

4.1 Formwork is divided into types depending on:

From the type of concreted monolithic and precast-monolithic structures:

constructions;

Materials of load-bearing elements;

Applicability at different ambient temperatures and the nature of its impact on concrete of monolithic structures;

turnover.

4.1.1 Types of formwork depending on the type of monolithic structures being concreted

4.1.1.1 Formwork of vertical monolithic structures (including inclined-vertical):

Foundation formwork;

Grill formwork;

Wall formwork;

Formwork for bridge supports, pipes, cooling towers;

Column formwork, etc.

4.1.1.2 Formwork of horizontal monolithic structures (including inclined-horizontal):

Formwork of floors (including beam and ribbed);

Dome formwork (spheres, shells, vaults):

Formwork for span arches of bridges (flyovers and other similar structures).

4.1.2 Types of formwork depending on the design

4.1.2.1 Small-panel (collapsible-adjustable):

Modular;

Collapsible.

4.1.2.2 Large switchboard:

Modular;

Collapsible.

4.1.2.3 Block:

External contour (block form) (detachable, one-piece, reconfigurable);

Internal circuit (detachable, one-piece, reconfigurable).

4.1.2.4 Volumetric adjustable:

U-shaped:

G-shaped.

4.1.2.5 Sliding.

4.1.2.6 Horizontally movable:

rolling;

Tunnel.

4.1.2.7 Climbing:

With mine lift:

Based on a building.

4.1.2.8 Pneumatic:

lifting:

Stationary.

4.1.2.9 Fixed:

Included in the design section of the structure;

Not included in the design section of the structure;

with special properties.

4.1.3 Types of formwork depending on the materials of its supporting elements:

steel;

GOST 34329-2017

Aluminum;

plastic;

Wooden;

Combined.

4.1.4 Types of formwork, depending on the applicability at different ambient temperatures and the nature of the effect of formwork on concrete of monolithic structures:

Uninsulated;

Insulated:

heating;

Special.

4.1.5 Types of formwork depending on turnover:

Single use (including non-removable):

Inventory.

4.2 Applicability of formwork types is given in Appendix A. Formwork schemes - in Appendix B.

5 Key quality parameters

5.1 All types of formwork, depending on the accuracy of manufacturing, installation accuracy and turnover, are divided into classes: 1. 2 and 3rd.

Formwork classes are selected depending on the concreting technology, the nature of monolithic structures, the required quality of concrete structures and surfaces, and other factors. The use of formwork exclusively of the 1st class in all cases is not mandatory and appropriate. including for economic reasons.

5.2 Formwork quality indicators depending on the class are given in tables 1 and 2.

Table 1


Nznmvnomiv by mi eo body, unit of measure
Accuracy of manufacturing and installation*: Deviation of the linear dimensions of the shields over a length of up to 1 m		On demand
(up to 3 m). mm. no more The deviation of the linear dimensions of the panels for a length of up to		customer The same
3 m. mm. no more Differences on the forming surfaces: butt joints of shields, mm. no more
Butt joints of the deck, mm. no more
A specially formed protrusion forming a zapid on concrete surface, mm. no more Deviations from straightness of horizontal elements
cops formwork slabs on the length /. mm deviation from straightness of shaping	no more than 10 2
elements over a length of 3 m. no more than the deviation from the straightness of the vertical bearing
elements (pillars, frames) of the formwork of slabs at a height of L. mm. no more Deviation from the plane of shaping elements
on a length of 3 mm. no more The difference between the lengths of the diagonals of shields 3 m high and wide
noah 1.2 m. mm. no more Deviation from the right angle of the forming shields
elements on a width of 0.5 m. mm. not more than through slots in butt joints, mm. no more
The height of the protrusions on the forming surfaces.
mm. no more The number of protrusions per 1 m 2. pcs. on more
The height of the depressions on the forming surfaces, mm.	Not allowed
The number of depressions per 1 m 2. shh.. no more

GOST 34329-2017

End of table 1

	Meaning of indicators for classes
Nvinvnosvnib indicators, unit of measurement
The quality of the concrete surface of a monolithic structure after demoulding: Deviation from flatness over a length of up to 1 m (up to
3 m) mm. no more Shell diameter or largest size, mm. sky-
Cavity depth, mm no more
Height of local influx (protrusion), mm. no more	Not allowed
’ Accuracy characteristic - according to GOST 21770. GOST 21779. Note - Sign-" means the optional setting of the quality indicator of this class
formwork.

Table 2 - Formwork turnover

Formwork type, material of formwork elements	Formwork turnover
	for forming elements, units of revolutions*		for supporting and bearing elements. units of revolutions*
	class, no less	2nd class, not less	class, no less	2nd class, not less
Small-scale:
Steel, aluminum
wood, plastic
Plywood**:
For wall formwork
For slab formwork
Large-panel:
Steel, aluminum
wood, plastic
Plywood**:
For wall formwork

Volumetric adjustable
Sliding:


Climbing
horizontally movable
Pneumatic

* For sliding, climbing and horizontally moving formwork - in meters of lifting or moving.

"When applied on one side.

5.3 The dimensions of the forming elements of the formwork (except for the collapsible formwork) must be a multiple of the enlarged SM module. equal to 300 mm. Dimensions that are not multiples of M.'s module are allowed upon agreement with the consumer.

5.4 The order of formwork indexing is given in Appendix B.

GOST 34329-2017

6 General technical requirements

6.1 Characteristics

6.1.1 Formwork should be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of this standard, standards and specifications for specific types of formwork and design documentation developed and approved in the prescribed manner in accordance with regulatory documents* in force on the territory of the state party to the agreement.

Notes

1 Specifications for formwork of specific types of the 1st and 2nd classes must be developed in accordance with this standard.

2 Changes in the formwork design must be agreed with the developer.

6.1.2 Climatic version of the formwork - B. category 1 according to GOST 15150.

6.1.3 In the technical specifications for formwork of specific types, the values of quality indicators should be established, the nomenclature of which is given in Appendix D.

6.1.4 Formwork design should provide:

Strength, rigidity and geometric invariability of shape and dimensions under the influence of assembly, transport and technological loads:

The design accuracy of the geometric dimensions of monolithic structures and the specified quality of their surfaces, depending on the formwork class:

Maximum turnover and minimum cost per one turnover;

Minimum adhesion to set concrete (except for non-removable);

The minimum number of standard sizes of elements, depending on the nature of monolithic structures;

The possibility of pre-assembly and readjustment (changes in overall dimensions or configuration) under conditions construction site;

The possibility of fixing embedded parts in the design position and with design accuracy;

Manufacturability in the manufacture and the possibility of using means of mechanization, automation during installation (except for manually mounted);

Quick-release of connecting elements and the ability to eliminate gaps that appear during long-term operation;

Minimization of material, labor and energy costs during installation and dismantling;

Ease of repair and replacement of elements that have failed;

Tightness of shaping surfaces (except for special ones);

Temperature and humidity conditions necessary for hardening and gaining concrete design strength;

Chemical neutrality of forming surfaces to the concrete mixture, except in special cases;

Quick installation and dismantling of formwork without damaging monolithic structures and formwork elements.

6.1.5 The deflection of the forming surface and load-bearing formwork elements under the action of perceived loads during the span shall not exceed:

- //400 (//300) - for vertical elements. 1st (2nd) class:

I500 (//400) - for horizontal elements, 1st (2nd) class.

6.1.6 Modular formwork of the 1st class should be made from profiles of increased accuracy to obtain, after stripping, high-quality concrete surfaces without joints that do not require laborious finishing.

Profile ribs 1 provide protection for the plywood end, pocket 2 provides convenience for installing plywood during manufacture and serves for pouring sealant.

Alignment of the shield on the surface adjacent to the concrete is provided by locks adjacent to the outer surface of the shields due to the high accuracy of the profile, and low dimensional tolerances of the supporting surfaces of the profile.

* In the Russian Federation - according to GOST R 15.201-2000 “System for the development and production of products. Products for industrial and technical purposes. The procedure for the development and production of products.

GOST 34329-2017

T - protection edge of the plywood end. 2 - pocket for sealant and ease of installation of plywood; 3 - margin to reduce the contact area when docking shields; 4 - support for installing the second lock, S - support for installing a centering lock for connecting shields, c - support pads for docking shields

Picture 1 - Aluminum (a) and steel (b) high-precision profiles of a large panel

modular formwork 1st cleos

Protective ribs of the profile should protrude above the plywood surface by 1-2 mm to exclude protrusions on the concrete after stripping and the formation of easily trimmed recesses 5 in Figure 2 (finishing the surface with grout).

The accuracy of manufacturing profiles (bearing elements) of collapsible formwork, when adding plus and minus tolerances, should provide deflections not exceeding U400.

G - shields; 2 - lock; 3 wedge. 4 - plywood; 5 - specially organized recesses in the concrete surface Figure 2 - Connection of modular shields with centering locks

GOST 34329-2017

6.1.7 Loads and data for the calculation of the formwork are given in Appendix D.

6.1.8 Panels and blocks assembled from elements of small-panel, large-panel, block and volumetric-shift formwork must ensure ease of stripping or have devices for their first crossbar separation from the surface of concreted structures. It is not allowed to use lifting mechanisms to break the formwork from concrete.

6.1.9 The design of the heating formwork should provide:

Uniform temperature on the shield deck. Temperature differences should not exceed 5 "C:

Electrical insulation resistance in use electric heaters and * switching wiring - not less than 0.5 MΩ:

Possibility of replacement heating elements in case of failure during operation;

Control and adjustability of heating modes:

The stability of the thermal properties of the shield.

6.1.10 Tubular electric heaters (TEH) in accordance with GOST 13268 or heating wires according to their specifications can be used as heaters for heating formwork.

It is allowed to use non-standard heaters, which must meet the requirements normative documents in terms of vibration resistance, electrical* and fire safety.

6.1.11 Fixed formwork included in the section of the structure being erected must comply with the requirements of regulatory documents for building structures.

6.1.12 Backlash in hinged joints of formwork elements of the 1st and 2nd classes shall not exceed 1 mm.

6.1.13 A deck of formwork structures (large-panel, volume-adjustable, block), used to obtain surfaces ready for painting or wallpapering, should be made from whole sheets. When made from two or more sheets, the butt joints of the deck must be supported by the load-bearing elements of the shield frame; Welds and sealant must be cleaned flush with the base surface.

6.2 Material requirements

6.2.1 Formwork elements should be made of materials that, in terms of quality, must meet the requirements of the regulatory documents specified in the design documentation of the product.

6.2.2 For load-bearing and supporting formwork elements (frameworks, braces, frames, posts, trusses, etc.), St3* steel according to GOST 380 should be used.

Devices for lifting the formwork (hinges, pins, etc.) should be made of steel grade St3ps of any category according to GOST 380.

6.2.3 Steel grades of profiles, products (pipes, sheets, etc.) of casting are assigned according to standards for specific products.

6.2.4 For individual formwork elements (deck, posts, frames, struts, beams, etc.), rolled products and profiles are used in accordance with GOST 14637. GOST 16523. GOST 8731. GOST 10706. GOST 11474. GOST 17066. GOST 13118. GOST 19281, GOST 1050.

It is allowed to apply other standards and technical specifications of the manufacturer in accordance with the requirements specified in the drawings.

6.2.5 Casting elements must comply with the requirements of GOST 977.

For formwork of the 1st class, high-precision products (including locks for connecting panels) should be manufactured by investment casting.

6.2.6 Bearing elements of aluminum formwork should be made of aluminum alloys not lower than grade and condition AD 31T1 in accordance with GOST 4784. GOST 1583. profiles - from aluminum alloys in accordance with GOST 4.221. GOST 8617. GOST 18482. GOST 22233.

For formwork of the 1st class, profiles of increased accuracy should be used.

6.2.7 The characteristics and types of wooden structures are used in accordance with the regulatory documents "in force on the territory of the state party to the agreement.

It is allowed to use other grades of metal, specifications which are not lower than the specified

In the Russian Federation, the characteristics and types of wooden structures are used according to SP 64.13330.2011 "SNiP 11-25-80 Wooden structures)".

GOST 34329-2017

6.2.8 For wooden bearing and supporting elements, wood according to GOST 8486-86 should be used. GOST 2695. GOST 9463, GOST 8486.

6.2.9 For deck formwork of the 1st and 2nd classes, lined (laminated) birch plywood; for the 2nd class, combined faced plywood is also allowed; for the 3rd class - sawn softwood according to GOST 8486 and hardwood according to GOST 2695 not lower than grade 2, particle boards in accordance with GOST 10632. fibreboards in accordance with GOST 4598. bakelized plywood in accordance with GOST 11539. plywood grade FSF lo GOST 3916.1. GOST 3916.2 and other materials with similar characteristics.

due to the acidic environment, oak wood is not allowed for the deck.

6.2.10 To reduce the adhesion of the formwork to concrete and prevent slippage during lifting, materials with low adhesion to the concrete mixture (laminated plywood, getinax) should be used for the sliding formwork deck.

6.2.11 It is allowed to use glued wooden structures in accordance with GOST 20850 as form-building and load-bearing elements of the formwork.

6.2.12 When using wood materials, one should take into account the significant influence of wood moisture on its design characteristics and significant reduction factors with the introduction of variability and safety factors for various breeds wood and the nature of the action of loads.

6.2.13 Plastic decks should be made from materials that meet the requirements of the standards or specifications for these materials and the requirements for a particular formwork.

6.2.14 8 thermal insulation materials density up to 200 kg/m 3 . The actual density of the insulation should not exceed the passport by more than 15%. and humidity - by 6%.

6.2.15 Metal grid according to GOST 3826. used for fixed formwork, must have cells no larger than 5x5 mm.

6.2.16 For pneumatic formwork, high-strength breathable nylon rubberized fabrics should be used according to the manufacturer's specifications.

6.3 Coating requirements

6.3.1 The formwork must be protected from external influences.

6.3.2 metal surfaces formwork elements of the 1st and 2nd classes, not in contact with concrete, must have protective coatings in accordance with GOST 9.032, GOST 9.303 or have anti-corrosion properties that provide a given turnover under operating conditions.

6.3.3 Plywood used as a formwork deck of the 1st and 2nd classes must have a water-resistant coating, impregnation or other treatment of working surfaces.

6.3.4 Ends laminated plywood and wood materials of forming elements (deck) of the formwork of the 1st and 2nd classes must be protected from mechanical damage and moisture penetration with a sealant.

6.3.5 Steel formwork elements of the 1st class should be galvanized.

6.4 Welding requirements

6.4.1 Types of welds, their shape and dimensions are taken according to working drawings.

Welding steel structures is carried out in accordance with the requirements of GOST 5264. GOST 8713. GOST 11533. GOST 11534. GOST 14771. GOST 23518.

6.4.2 Welding of aluminum structures is carried out in accordance with the requirements of GOST 14806. GOST 14776. When calculating the strength of welded structures with an element without a joint, to which transverse elements are attached by welding (Figure 3). local weakening of these elements in the heat-affected zone should be taken into account by reducing the design resistance.

6.5 Completeness

6.5.1 The formwork must be supplied by the manufacturer in a complete set in a condition suitable for operation, without additional modifications and corrections (or element by element according to the customer's request).

6.5.2 The composition of the kit and the availability of spare parts are determined by the customer's order.

GOST 34329-2017

> - transverse elements. 2- elements without a joint Figure 3 - Scheme of a welded joint

6.5.3 If necessary, in agreement with the consumer, the formwork kit includes tools and fixtures for mounting, dismantling, moving.

6.5.4 Formwork sets must be provided with operational documents in accordance with GOST 2.601:

Formwork passport:

Operating instructions (with installation diagrams and permissible loads).

6.6 Marking

6.6.1 On the main formwork elements of the 1st and 2nd classes (shields, frames, beams) on surfaces not in contact with concrete, on the non-working side, the following markings must be applied with indelible paint by shock or in another way:

Formwork element index in accordance with this standard:

Date of manufacture:

Name of the manufacturer or his trademark.

6.6.2 Each package must have a shipping label in accordance with GOST 14192.

6.7 Packaging

6.7.1 Formwork elements larger than 1 m should be packed by brands in transport packages, ensuring the integrity and safety of the product during transportation and storage.

6.7.2 Fasteners, locks, nuts, washers and other small formwork elements, accessories, tools and connecting elements must be packed in containers that ensure the safety of products.

6.7.3 Before packing, the formwork elements must be preserved in accordance with GOST 9.014.

6.7.4 A packing list (inventory) of the elements of this package must be attached to each package and box. The inventory must be available for removal without opening the package and protected from moisture.

6.7.5 The documentation (inventory) supplied with the formwork must be hermetically packed and ensure the tightness, water tightness, and safety of the documentation.

6.7.6 When supplying formwork kits technical documentation must be enclosed in a container, on which there must be an inscription "Documentation".

7 Safety requirements

7.1 Connecting (fastening) formwork elements of all classes must have devices that prevent spontaneous opening, unscrewing, undocking or falling out under concreting conditions and other working influences on the formwork.

7.2 The design of the formwork must provide for the presence of a working platform. The width of the working platform must be at least 800 mm outside the formwork dimensions.

7.3 The formwork design must provide protection against falling from a height in the form of guardrails. Fencing devices should be along the entire length of the external work platform. The height of the fence must be at least 1100 mm. distances between horizontal elements of a protection - no more than 500 mm.

GOST 34329-2017

7.4 Formwork design should provide means of access to the working platform (vertical or inclined ladders, etc.).

7.5 The design of large-sized formwork elements shall provide means for anchoring. intended for their lifting by hoisting mechanisms during installation and dismantling of the formwork.

7.6 Mounting and dismantling of the formwork should be carried out in accordance with the project for the production of works (PPR), which must necessarily indicate the assembly scheme, the technology of installation and dismantling, the bearing capacity of the formwork and elements, the permissible speed of concreting.

8 Acceptance rules

8.1 The formwork must be accepted by the manufacturer's technical control service.

8.2 Acceptance of formwork should be carried out in batches. The batch should not exceed 5000 m 2 (by the area of the formworked surface).

8.3 In order to check the quality of manufacture of mass-produced formwork, it is recommended to carry out acceptance tests (PS) and periodic (P) tests.

8.4 Acceptance tests are subjected to an assembled formwork fragment with an area of at least 20 m 2.

The scope and frequency of periodic tests are set in the technical specifications for specific types of formwork.

Formwork that has passed acceptance tests is subjected to periodic testing.

8.5 Parameters controlled during the tests. - in accordance with table 3.

Table 3

Test parameter and requirements	Pitchfork Test	Table or clause number of this standard
Test parameter and requirements		Table or clause number of this standard
Load bearing capacity		Table D.1
Design loads		Table D.1
Specific Gravity		Table D.1
Rigidity		Table D.1
Accuracy of manufacturing and installation		Table 1
Formwork turnover		table 2
Adhesion to concrete		Table D.1
Insulation resistance, power and characteristics of heating formwork heaters		Table D.1
Versatility		Table D.1
Product unification level		Table D.1
The complexity of installation and dismantling		Table D.1
maintainability		Table D.1
Tightness of forming surfaces
Fixation of embedded products in the design position and with design accuracy
Quickly detachable connecting elements and the ability to eliminate gaps in the formwork elements
Installation and dismantling of formwork without damaging monolithic structures
Formwork connector structures

GOST 34329-2017

End of table 3

Note 1 - The sign "+" means that it is mandatory to check the parameter when conducting this type of test.

Note 2 - The sign k-" means that the parameter is not checked during this type of test.

9 Test methods

Formwork tests are carried out in accordance with the requirements of regulatory documents "in force on the territory of the state party to the agreement according to programs and methods developed by enterprises - developers and manufacturers of formwork.

10 Transport and storage

10.1 Transportation of formwork elements is allowed to be carried out by open mobile (rail, road) transport without shelter in accordance with the rules for the transportation of goods by this type of transport.

10.2 The group of conditions for storage and transportation of formwork must comply with group 8 (OZHZ) in accordance with GOST 15150.

10.3 Formwork should be stored in accordance with storage conditions 4 (G2). 3 (ZhZ). 5 (OJ4), according to GOST 15150.

With a shelf life of up to 12 months, formwork elements of the 1st and 2nd classes should be sorted by brand and size, stacked on wooden linings and stored in enclosed spaces or shelters.

10.4 If long-term storage is required, metal work surfaces must be preserved in accordance with GOST 9.014. group II. option VZ-1.

10.5 If the storage period is more than 12 months, the formwork elements must be re-preserved.

11 Instructions for use

11.1 Formwork should be carried out in accordance with the PPR.

11.2 Safety requirements - according to regulatory documents "in force on the territory of the state party to the agreement.

11.3 Mounting and dismantling of the formwork can only be carried out if there is technological map or work plan.

11.4 Workers who have been instructed are allowed to work on the installation and dismantling of formwork at a height.

11.5 Each time before installing the heating formwork, the safety of the insulation, the fastening of the current collectors, and the compliance of the ohmic resistance of the heaters with the passport data are checked. * **

In the Russian Federation - in accordance with the requirements of GOST R 52752-2007 “Formwork. Test methods*.

** In the Russian Federation, safety requirements are in accordance with SP 49.13330 “SNiP 12-03-2001 Occupational safety in construction. Part 1. General requirements.

GOST 34329-2017

the integrity of the insulation of the heaters, the operability of the power supply systems and the regulation of the heating mode, the safety of work.

12 Manufacturer's warranty

The manufacturer must ensure that the formwork complies with the requirements of this standard.

The warranty period for the operation of formwork of the 1st class is set at 12 months from the date of its shipment to the consumer, subject to the rules of transportation, storage, operation and provided that its turnover does not exceed the standard, formwork of the 2nd class - 6 months. formwork of the 3rd class - is installed by agreement between the manufacturer and the customer.

GOST 34329-2017

Annex A (informative)

Applicability of formwork types

Table A.1

formwork type	Applicability
small shield (collapsible-adjustable)	Concreting of monolithic structures, including those with vertical ones (walls, columns, etc.). horizontal (ceilings, crossbars, etc.) and inclined surfaces of various shapes with disassembly into individual elements during dismantling, as well as joints, openings of monolithic structures with a small formwork surface. It is allowed to be used together with large formwork for concreting monolithic structures with complex configuration and as inserts. 8 including in cramped production conditions
large-panel	Concreting of large-sized monolithic structures, including walls and ceilings of buildings and structures with installation and dismantling, large elements (including large shields, panels and blocks). Due to its versatility and a number of advantages, large-panel modular formwork is most widely used.
	Concreting of closed, free-standing monolithic structures, such as grillages, columns, foundations, as well as internal surfaces of closed cells of residential buildings and elevator shafts
Volume-reversed	Simultaneous concreting of walls and ceilings of buildings and structures. Rarely used
sliding	Concreting of vertical (mainly more than 40 m high) walls of buildings and structures, predominantly constant cross section. Very rarely used
horizontally movable	Concreting of conduits, collectors, tunnels erected in an open way (thick formwork); lining of tunnels erected in an open way (tunnel formwork). Cushioning formwork is rarely used
Climbing	Concreting of vertical high-rise structures with a variable section. e.g. cooling towers, brutes, piers of bridges and overpasses of considerable height
Pneumatic	Concreting of spatial monolithic structures of a curvilinear outline, for example, spheres, domes, etc. It is used extremely rarely
Fixed	Concreting of monolithic structures without stripping. creation of waterproofing, facings, insulation. external reinforcement, etc. May or may not be included in the design section of a monolithic structure. Rarely used
Note - Types of formwork are used depending on the type and size of concrete structures and the method of concrete work.

GOST 34329-2017

Annex B (informative)

Formwork schemes

scaffolding: 2 - corner shield. 2-modular shields: 4 - locks for connecting shields: 5 - brace: c - coupler Figure B.1 - Large-panel modular wall formwork

GOST 34329-2017

G - vertical farms; 2 - contractions; 3 - avid; 4 - scaffolding: S - deck (plywood)

Figure B.Z - Large-panel collapsible wall formwork on wooden and steel beams

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1 -■ plywood, 2 - vertical beam. 2 - double beams

Figure B.4 - Large-panel collapsible formwork on wooden beams

shm

deck (plywood); 2 - horizontal beams (battles): 3 - vertical beams. 4 - scaffolding

Figure B.5 - Collapsible large-panel formwork

GOST 34329-2017

T - telescopic racks. 2 - tripod; 3 - longitudinal beams. 4 - cross beams. 5 - fence

Figure B.6 - Collapsible formwork of floors on stops

) - frames; 2 - jack. 3 - longitudinal beams. 4 - transverse beams. 5 - fence

Figure B.7 - Raeborno-climbing formwork of ceilings on frames

GOST 34329-2017

t - stand: 2 - swivel; 3 - jack. 4 - ail w of beams Figure B.8 - System of spatial racks of formwork of floors

Bearing farm; 2 - jack: 3 - transverse beams: 4 - deck (plywood)

GOST 34329-2017

1 - formwork of the patella; 2 - formwork steps. 3 - squeezing device Figure B.10 - Block form of stepped foundations

Figure B.11 - Block formwork

GOST 34329-2017

Y222E7:.7L7/.

a). 6) - U-reverse formwork; ) - L-shaped formwork: (- L-shaped block:

2 - opening mechanism. 3 - central insert, 4 - jack; S-roller

Figure B.12 - Obvmno-reinforced formwork

GOST 34329-2017

f - external scaffolding: 2 - tndrodomkret with a horizontal regulator; 3 - jack frame: 4 - working floor; 5 - opapubm shield; c - jack rod: 7 - suspension; c - internal scaffolding. 9 - external scaffolding: 10 - "scaffold bracket

Figure B.13 - Sliding formwork

GOST 34329-2017

Annex B

(mandatory)

Formwork indexing of a specific design

B.1 The order of indexing is shown in Figure B.1.

Suenyue obshzhanyaoschgtsbi

obo» Tima obodst

by monolithic* design*

Vuyuamk "ob" knamo formwork type according to familiar signs_

Letter oflowfrieieie type of formwork

Class "ZhupuOi_

Carriers ref. tjW*

XX. X-X-

EyeiiPi "CgQHa-ia ^-nmomjTiCKwm gfimmkpmiovti at a different temperature of non-metallic watering and xapajnepy things of the state of sp & gobki not a loaf of shcholitnshiotivce" *

X

Note-B) elect | iiopsh1u0 | and by type of ammoite memgvshyu yaistruyaam lriavdyagp * 0;

Figure B.1

IN 2 Conventions Formwork types are given in Table B.1. Table B.1

* If necessary, in agreement with the customer.

GOST 34329-2017

End of table B.1

formwork type	Conventions according to indexing order
formwork type
Type of formwork by design features: Small-panel (collapsible-adjustable) Large-sized block Volumetric adjustable sliding horizontally movable Climbing Pneumatic Fixed
Type of formwork according to the materials of load-bearing and shaping elements: Steel Aluminum plastic wooden and out wooden materials- combined Ready materials
Formwork class:
Formwork type according to applicability at different outdoor temperatures and the nature of the formwork impact on concrete of a monolithic structure: Uninsulated insulated heating Special

B.3 An example of indexing the formwork of large-scale aluminum walls of the first class with a bearing capacity of 6 tf / m 2 insulated:

O S K. AL - 1-v.U according to GOST XXXXX-2017

B.4 Order of indexing formwork elements

X XxX X

5%shi I is the designation of the formwork element:

Shch-shield, P "-r-cSt-ogoyshtchiaspmiai. b-baliv, R- (mgeg, Spok.-screed, HZ-poyaioegsh, Pi-strut, Zm-amok

main lines epiente opelubsh* ** m

Bearing capacity, Slot, tf (in<хвк»к)

* Shirim on worry-dt * irtz iiiyshpmy shot "on myuiiiish masha-for shshaolichamy flock" long-for flocks, maishlyvya shrfmva cherry-long curled and g. a

** Not funny* ooeh

Figure B.2

GOST 34329-2017

B.S Examples of indexing formwork elements

B.5.1 An example of indexing a formwork panel 1.2 m wide and 3 m high:

B.5.2 Telescopic strut indexing example minimum height 1.5 m and a maximum height of 3.7 m. Bearing capacity of 0.9 tf at maximum height:

St 1.5 * 3.7 (0.9)

GOST 34329-2017

Annex D

(mandatory)

The nomenclature of quality indicators established in the technical specifications

for concrete formwork

D.1 In the technical specifications for formwork of specific types, the values of quality indicators are set, the nomenclature of which is given in table D.1.

Table D.1

	Applicability
Name of indicators, unit of measurement		from formwork class

For all types of formwork
Formwork class
Bearing capacity, tf / m 2
Specific gravity, kg / m 2
Dimensions and tolerances of the main formwork elements, mm Rigidity:
Deflection under load, mm Design loads:
Lateral pressure of the concrete mixture. kgf/m2
Loading when concreting floors. kgf/m2
Horizontal displacement loads. kgf/m2 Adhesion to concrete*:
Clutch load at break-off angles 0. 45. 90* (depending on formwork type), kgf/m 2 (reference)
Versatility: Module, applicability (reference) Product unification level:
Number of unified elements, wg. (reference)
Labor intensity of installation and dismantling, man-hour (reference) Maintainability:
Specific total labor intensity of repair, man-hour / unit. revolutions (reference)
Block formwork of the external contour (block form)
Dimensions of shields and blocks, mm
Tilt angle of panels, degrees
Variable formwork
Section dimensions, mm
Floor slabs, mm
Mounting and demoulding method
sliding formwork
Dimensions of the structure under construction, including thickness
Type of lifting equipment and its main characteristics
Mounting, lifting and dismantling method Formwork quality is largely determined by the efficiency of lifting equipment (including
including the ability to “step in place” and keep the working bottom horizontal), as well as the quality of the deck surface adjacent to the concrete (low adhesion)

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End of table D. 1

Name of indicators, unit of measurement	Applicability and technical conditions, depending on the formwork class
Name of indicators, unit of measurement	1st class
Horizontal formwork

Shield length, mm
Shield slope, hail
Horizontal travel speed
formwork. t*fn
tunnel
Tunnel dimensions, mm
Mounting, demoulding and moving method
Climbing formwork
Dimensions of shields and structures, mm
Wall thickness (shield movement limits), mm
Lifting equipment drive type and its main
characteristics
Mounting, lifting and demoulding method
Pneumatic formwork
Formwork dimensions, mm
Mounting, lifting, moving and demoulding method
Overpressure. Pa
Fixed formwork
Formwork material characteristics 8 depending on
appointments, including:
Water permeability
Inclusion or non-inclusion in the calculated section
monolithic structures
special properties (waterproofing, finishing
surfaces, insulation, etc.)
Heating formwork
Heater characteristics:
Type of heater
Insulation material and characteristics, including
electrical resistance. MOhm
Rated voltage. AT
Rated power. kW
Working temperature, hail
Temperature differences, hail
Type and characteristics of insulation, including:
Density, kg / m 3
Coefficient of thermal conductivity. W/(m - *C)
Depending on the duration of contact between concrete and formwork in hours.
For cladding or waterproofing.
Notes
1 The “+” sign means that a quality indicator must be set for the date of the formwork class.
2 The “-*” sign means that it is not necessary to set the quality index for this formwork class.

GOST 34329-2017

Annex D

(mandatory)

Loads and data for formwork calculation

E.1 Vertical loads

E.1.1 The self-weight of the formwork is determined from the drawings.

E.1.2 The mass of the concrete mixture is taken: for heavy concrete - 2500 kg / m 3, for other concretes - according to the actual mass.

E.1.3 The mass of reinforcement is taken according to the project, in the absence of design data -100 kg / m 3.

E.1.4 Loads from people and vehicles - 250 kgf / m 2. In addition, the formwork should be checked for a concentrated load from technological means according to the actual possible load according to the PPR.

Note - The same for the working field of the sliding formwork. The lifting force of the sliding formwork is determined by summing up: 1) loads from people, lifting equipment and transport means; 2) self-weight formwork; 3) formwork friction on the concrete mixture. Lifting force as a function of friction:

F = 4>(P + oS).

friction coefficient:

lateral pressure of the concrete mix, kgf/m 3 ;

normal adhesion kgf / m 3;

contact area or F = K^K^S. here K t , K 2 - coefficient of adhesion and specific friction, depending on the deck material.

E.2 Horizontal loads

E.2.1 Wind loads are accepted according to the regulatory documents* in force on the territory of the state party to the agreement.

E.2.2 Maximum lateral pressure of the concrete mixture P gpage, kgf (tf) / m 3.

E.2.2.1 When compacting the mixture with external vibrators (as well as internal vibrators with a radius of action of the vibrator R 2 H. where H is the height of the formwork, m), the pressure is assumed to be hydrostatic with a triangular pressure distribution diagram in accordance with Figure E.1 a.

Resulting pressure:

E.2.2.2 In the case of concrete mixing with internal vibrators

Pso = *0.27V +0.78)

where y is the volumetric mass of the concrete mixture, kg / m 3;

V - speed of concreting (speed of filling the formwork in height), m/h:

K-, - coefficient taking into account the influence of the mobility (rigidity) of the concrete mixture. /0, - 0.8 for mixtures with o.d. k. (draught of the cone) 0-2 cm: K, \u003d 1 for mixtures with o.k. 2-7 cm: K, = 1.2 for mixtures with o.d. k. 6 cm or more; "2 - coefficient taking into account the influence of the temperature of the concrete mixture:

K 2 \u003d 1.15 for mixtures with a temperature of 5-10 * C;

K 2 \u003d 1.0 for mixtures with a temperature of 10-25 * C:

K 2 \u003d 0.65 for mixtures with a temperature of more than 25 ° С.

E.2.2.E Dynamic loads that occur during unloading of the concrete mixture are taken according to Table E.1. D.2.2.4 Loads from vibration of the concrete mix take 400 kgf/m 3 .

In the Russian Federation, wind loads are accepted according to SP 20.13330.2016 “SNiP 2.01.07-85’ Loads and impacts”.

GOST 34329-2017

E.2.2.5 The safety factors for calculating the pressure of the concrete mix are taken according to the table E.2.

E.2.2.6 Calculated concrete mixture pressure diagram - according to Figure E. 1 b. h max - height, m. at which the maximum pressure of the concrete mixture is reached

“^ma>/ 7"

where y - bulk density for heavy concrete, is taken equal to 2500 kg / m 3.

E.2.2.7 The maximum loads eo in all cases, taking into account all coefficients, should be taken no higher than hydrostatic ones.

a - hydrostatic pressure: 6 - design pressure during compaction of the mixture by internal vibrators

Table E.2 - Safety factors when calculating the pressure of the concrete mixture

D.2.2.8 Loads D.2.2 are taken into account during the installation and dismantling of formwork, loads according to D.1.4. E.2.2.3. D.2.2.4 is taken into account when calculating the strength.

GOST 34329-2017

UDC 69.057.5:006.354 OKS 91.220

Key words: formwork type, formwork class, turnover, manufacturing and installation accuracy

BZ 11-2017/228

Editor E.V. Talantseva Technical editor I.E. Cherepkova Proofreader E.R. Aroyan Computer layout I.V. Betosenko

Handed over on 12/16/2017. Signed for publication on February 14, 2016. Format 60*64 Vg. Arial headset. Uel. oven l. 4.16. Uch.-ed. l. 3.76. Circulation 26 eq. Behind*. 82.

Prepared on the basis of the electronic version provided by the developer of the standard

Publishing house "Jurisprudence". 11S419. Moscow, st. Ordzhonikidze. 11 www.iuheizdat.ru

Published and printed in FSUE "STANDARTINFORM", 123001. Moscow. Garnet Lane.. 4. www.90stinro.1u

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FORMWORK

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS

STATE COMMITTEE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
FOR CONSTRUCTION AND HOUSING AND UTILITY COMPLEX
(GOSSTROY OF RUSSIA)

Moscow

Foreword

1 DEVELOPED by the working group of the Technical Subcommittee on Standardization and Technical Regulation PK 3 / TKS 71 “Formwork and formwork for monolithic construction” consisting of: STC “Stroyopalubka” CJSC “TsNIIOMTP”, Department of State Construction Policy (including licensing) of the Gosstroy of Russia, LLC PSF “Krost”

INTRODUCED by the Department of State Construction Policy (including licensing) of the Gosstroy of Russia

2 ADOPTED AND INTRODUCED BY Decree of the Gosstroy of Russia dated May 22, 2003 No. 42

3 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME

STATE STANDARD OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

FORMWORK

General specifications

FORMWORKS

General specifications

Introduction date 2003-06-01

1 area of use

This standard applies to all types of formwork for the construction of monolithic concrete and reinforced concrete structures.

2 Normative references

4 Formwork classification

4.1. Formwork is divided into types depending on:

Type of concreted monolithic and precast-monolithic structures;

constructions;

Materials of load-bearing elements;

Applicability at different ambient temperatures and the nature of its impact on concrete of monolithic structures;

turnover.

4.1.1 Types of formwork depending on the type of concreted monolithic structures.

4.1.1.1 Formwork of vertical monolithic structures (including inclined-vertical):

Foundation formwork;

Grill formwork;

Wall formwork;

Formwork for bridges, pipes, cooling towers;

Column formwork, etc.

4.1.1.2 Formwork of horizontal monolithic structures (including inclined-horizontal):

Formwork of floors (including beam and ribbed);

Dome formwork (spheres, shells, vaults);

Formwork of span structures of bridges (flyovers and other similar structures).

4.1.2 Types of formwork depending on the design.

4.1.2.1 Small panel:

Modular;

Collapsible.

4.1.2.2 Large switchboard:

Modular;

Collapsible.

4.1.2.3 Block:

External contour (block form) (detachable, one-piece, reconfigurable);

Internal circuit (detachable, one-piece, reconfigurable).

4.1.2.4 Volumetric adjustable:

U-shaped;

L-shaped;

Universal.

4.1.2.5 Sliding.

4.1.2.6 Horizontally movable:

rolling;

Tunnel.

4.1.2.7 Climbing:

With mine lift;

Based on a building.

4.1.2.8 Pneumatic:

lifting;

Stationary.

4.1.2.9 Fixed:

Included in the design section of the structure;

Not included in the design section of the structure;

with special properties.

4.1.3 Types of formwork depending on the materials of its supporting elements:

steel;

Aluminum;

plastic;

Wooden;

Combined.

4.1.4 Types of formwork, depending on the applicability at different ambient temperatures and the nature of the effect of formwork on concrete of monolithic structures:

Uninsulated;

insulated;

heating;

Special.

4.1.5 Types of formwork depending on turnover:

Single use (including non-removable);

Inventory.

4.2 Applicability of formwork types is given in Appendix A.

5 Key quality parameters

5.1 All types of formwork, depending on the accuracy of manufacturing, installation accuracy and turnover, are divided into classes: 1, 2 and 3.

5.2 Formwork quality indicators depending on the class are given in Table 1 and Table 2.

Table 1

	Values of indicators for classes

Accuracy of manufacturing and installation*:
deviation of the linear dimensions of the seams over a length of up to 1 m (up to 3 m), mm, no more		At the request of the customer
deviation of the linear dimensions of the panels over a length of up to 3 m, mm, no more differences on the forming surfaces:
butt joints of shields, mm, no more
deck butt joints, mm, no more
specially organized protrusion forming a west on a concrete surface, mm, no more
deviations from the straightness of the horizontal elements of the formwork of the slabs along the length l, mm	l/1000, but no more than 10
deviation from straightness of forming elements over a length of 3 m, mm, no more
deviations from straightness of vertical load-bearing elements (pillars, frames) of slab formwork at height h, mm, no more
deviation from the flatness of the shaping elements over a length of 3 m, mm, no more
difference in the lengths of the diagonals of shields 3 m high and 1.2 m wide, mm, no more
deviation from the right angle of the shields of the forming elements at a width of 0.5 m, mm, no more
through slots in butt joints, mm, no more
height of protrusions on forming surfaces, mm, no more
number of protrusions per 1 m 2, pcs., no more
height of depressions on shaping surfaces, mm, no more	Not allowed
number of depressions per 1 m 2, pcs., no more
The quality of the concrete surface of a monolithic structure after demoulding:
deviation from flatness over a length of up to 1 m (up to 3 m) mm, not more than:


diameter or largest size of the shell, mm, not more than:


cavity depth, mm, not more than:


height of local influx (protrusion), mm, not more than:
	Not allowed

*Accuracy characteristic - according to GOST 21778. Note - The “-” sign means that it is not necessary to set the quality indicator of this formwork class.

table 2 - Formwork turnover

Formwork type, material of formwork elements	Formwork turnover
	For forming elements, units of revolutions*			For supporting and load-bearing elements, units of revolutions*
	1st class, not less	2nd class, not less	3rd grade, up to	1st class, not less	2nd class, not less	3rd grade, up to
Small-scale:
steel, aluminum
wood, plastic

for wall formwork
for slab formwork
Large-panel:
steel, aluminum
wood, plastic

for wall formwork

Volumetric adjustable
Sliding:


Climbing
Horizontally movable
Pneumatic
* For sliding, climbing and horizontally moving formwork - in m of lifting or moving. ** When applied on one side.

5.3 The dimensions of the forming elements of the formwork (except for the collapsible formwork) must be a multiple of the enlarged module 3M, equal to 300 mm. Dimensions that are not multiples of the M module are allowed upon agreement with the consumer.

5.4 The formwork indexing procedure is given in Appendix B.

6 General technical requirements

6.1 Characteristics

Notes

1 Specifications for formwork of specific types of the 1st and 2nd classes must be developed in accordance with GOST 2.114, and also agreed with an organization authorized by the State Construction Committee of Russia to conduct an examination of the technical specifications for formwork, or agreed by the Technical Subcommittee on Standardization and Technical Rationing in construction PK 3/TKS 71 "Formwork and formwork for monolithic construction".

2 Changes in the formwork design must be agreed with the developer.

6.1.2 Climatic version of the formwork U, category 1 according to GOST 15150.

6.1.3 In the technical specifications for formwork of specific types, the value of quality indicators, the nomenclature of which is given in Appendix B, should be established.

6.1.4 Formwork design should provide:

Strength, rigidity and geometric invariability of shape and dimensions under the influence of assembly, transport and technological loads;

Design accuracy of the geometric dimensions of monolithic structures and the specified quality of their surfaces, depending on the formwork class;

Maximum turnover and minimum cost per one turnover;

Minimum adhesion to set concrete (except for non-removable);

The minimum number of standard sizes of elements, depending on the nature of monolithic structures;

The possibility of pre-assembly and readjustment (changes in overall dimensions or configuration) in the conditions of the construction site;

The possibility of fixing embedded parts in the design position and with design accuracy;

Manufacturability in the manufacture and the possibility of using means of mechanization, automation during installation;

Quick disconnection of connecting elements and the ability to eliminate gaps that appear during long-term operation;

Minimization of material, labor and energy costs during installation and dismantling;

Ease of repair and replacement of elements that have failed;

Tightness of shaping surfaces (except for special ones);

Temperature and humidity conditions necessary for hardening and gaining concrete design strength;

Chemical neutrality of forming surfaces to the concrete mixture, except in special cases;

Quick installation and dismantling of formwork without damaging monolithic structures and formwork elements.

6.1.5 Deflection of the forming surface and load-bearing formwork elements under the action of perceived loads during span l should not exceed:

- l/400 (l/300) - for vertical elements, for classes 1 (2);

- l/500 (l/400) - for horizontal elements, for classes 1(2).

6.1.6 Loads and data for formwork calculation are given in Appendix D.

6.1.7 Panels and blocks assembled from elements of small-panel, large-panel, block and volumetrically adjustable formwork must provide or have devices for their preliminary separation from the surface of concreted structures. It is not allowed to use lifting mechanisms to break the formwork from concrete.

6.1.8 The design of the heating formwork should provide:

Uniform temperature on the shield deck. Temperature differences should not exceed 5 °C;

The electrical insulation resistance when using electric heaters and switching wiring is not less than 0.5 MΩ.

Possibility of replacement of heating elements in case of their failure during operation;

Control and adjustability of heating modes;

The stability of the thermal properties of the shield.

6.1.9 Tubular electric heaters (heaters) according to GOST 13268 or heating wires according to TU-16.K71-013-88 can be used as heaters for heating formwork.

It is allowed to use non-standard heaters, which must comply with the requirements of regulatory documents in terms of vibration resistance, electrical and fire safety.

6.1.10 Fixed formwork included in the section of the structure being erected must comply with the requirements of regulatory documents for building structures.

6.1.11 The play in hinged joints of formwork elements of the 1st and 2nd classes shall not exceed 1 mm.

6.1.12 The deck of formwork structures (large-panel, volume-adjustable, block), used to obtain surfaces ready for painting or wallpapering, must be made of whole sheets. When made from two or more sheets, the butt joints of the deck must be supported by the load-bearing elements of the shield frame; Welds and sealant must be cleaned flush with the base surface.

6.2 Material requirements

6.2.1 Formwork elements must be made of materials that, in terms of quality, must meet the requirements of regulatory documents specified in the design documentation of the product.

6.2.2 For load-bearing and supporting formwork elements (frameworks, scrambles, frames, racks, trusses, etc.), steel grade St.3 * according to GOST 380 should be used.

* Other grades of metal may be used, the technical characteristics of which are not lower than the specified grade.

Devices for lifting formwork (hinges, pins, etc.) must be made of steel grade St.3ps* of any category according to GOST 380 or steel grade 20* according to GOST 1050.

Parts subject to wear (pins, locks, bushings, hinges, etc.) must be made of steel not lower than grade 45 * according to GOST 1050 and subjected to heat treatment.

6.2.3 Bearing elements of aluminum formwork (frames, frames, beams, etc.) must be made of aluminum alloys not lower than grade and condition AD 31T1 * according to GOST 4784, GOST 8617, GOST 22233.

6.2.4 For metal decks, sheet steel grade St.3* shall be used in accordance with GOST 380, GOST 14637, GOST 16523.

6.2.5 For wooden load-bearing and supporting elements round timber of coniferous species I-II grade according to GOST 9463, softwood lumber of grade I-II according to GOST 8486 shall be used.

6.2.6 For formwork decks of the 1st and 2nd classes, faced (laminated) birch plywood shall be used; for the 2nd class, combined faced plywood can also be used; for the 3rd class - sawn softwood according to GOST 8486 and hardwood according to GOST 2695 not lower than grade II, chipboard according to GOST 10632, fibreboard according to GOST 4598, bakelized plywood according to GOST 11539, plywood brand FSF according to GOST 3916.1, GOST 3916.2 and other materials.

6.2.7 Plastic decks shall be made from materials that meet the requirements of the standards or specifications for these materials and the requirements for a particular formwork.

6.2.8 Glued wooden structures in accordance with GOST 20850 can be used as form-building and load-bearing elements of the formwork.

Glued gear joints of wooden structures must comply with GOST 19414. Other wood compounds can be used, including special ones on metal and other plates.

6.2.9 Heat-insulating materials with a density of up to 200 kg/m 3 shall be used as a heater for heating and insulated formwork. The actual density of the insulation should not exceed the passport by more than 15%, and the humidity - by 6%.

6.5 Completeness

6.5.1 The formwork must be supplied by the manufacturer as a complete set in a condition suitable for operation, without additional modifications and corrections (or element by element at the request of the customer).

6.5.2 The composition of the kit and the availability of spare parts are determined by the customer's order.

6.5.3 If necessary, in agreement with the consumer, the formwork kit includes tools and devices for mounting, dismantling, moving.

6.5.4 Formwork sets must be supplied with operational documents in accordance with GOST 2.601:

Formwork passport;

Operating instructions (with installation diagrams and

6.6 Marking

Formwork element index in accordance with this standard;

date of manufacture;

Manufacturer's name or trade mark.

6.6.2 Each package must have a shipping label in accordance with GOST 14192.

6.7 Packaging

6.7.1 Formwork elements with a size of more than 1 m should be packed by brands in transport packages that ensure the integrity and safety of products during transportation and storage.

6.7.2 Fasteners, locks, bolts, nuts, washers and other small formwork elements, accessories, tools and connecting elements must be packed in containers that ensure the safety of products.

6.7.3 Before packing, the formwork elements must be preserved in accordance with GOST 9.014 (for group IV), with the exception of fasteners and other small-sized elements belonging to group I-1 (GOST 9.014).

Protection option VZ-1 with a period of validity of temporary protection against corrosion for at least 12 months.

6.7.5 The documentation (inventory) supplied with the formwork must be hermetically packed and ensure the tightness, water tightness, and safety of the documentation.

6.7.6 Upon delivery of formwork sets, technical documentation must be enclosed in a container, on which the inscription “Documentation” must be written.

7 Safety requirements

7.2 The design of the formwork must provide for the presence of a working platform. The width of the working platform must be at least 800 mm outside the formwork dimensions.

7.3 The formwork design must provide protection against falling from a height in the form of guardrails. Fencing devices must be along the entire length outside work site. The height of the fence must be at least 1100 mm, the distance between the horizontal elements of the fence - no more than 500 mm.

7.4 Formwork design should provide means of access to the working platform (vertical or inclined ladders, etc.).

7.5 The design of large-sized formwork elements should provide for anchoring means designed to lift them with hoisting mechanisms during formwork installation and dismantling.

8 Acceptance rules

8.1 The formwork must be accepted by the manufacturer's technical control service.

8.2 Acceptance of the formwork must be done in batches. The size of the batch should not exceed 5000 m 2 (by the area of the formworked surface).

8.3 To check the quality of manufacturing of mass-produced formwork, it is recommended to carry out acceptance (TC) and periodic (P) tests.

8.4 An assembled formwork fragment with an area of at least 20 m 2 is subjected to acceptance tests.

The scope and frequency of periodic tests are set in the technical specifications for specific types of formwork.

Formwork that has passed acceptance tests is subjected to periodic tests.

8.5 The parameters controlled during the tests are in accordance with Table 3.

Table 3

Checked parameter and requirement	Type of test	Table and paragraph number of this standard
Checked parameter and requirement		Table and paragraph number of this standard
Load bearing capacity		Table B.1
Design loads		Table B.1
Specific Gravity		Table B.1
Rigidity		Table B.1
Accuracy of manufacturing and installation		Table 1
Formwork turnover		table 2
Adhesion to concrete		Table B.1
Insulation resistance, power and characteristics of heating formwork heaters		Table B.1
Versatility		Table B.1
Product unification level		Table B.1
The complexity of installation and dismantling		Table B.1
maintainability		Table B.1
Tightness of forming surfaces
Fixation of embedded products in the design position and with design accuracy
Fast disconnection of connecting elements and the ability to eliminate gaps in the formwork elements
Installation and dismantling of formwork without damaging monolithic structures
Formwork connector structures
Deck structures
Material requirements
Coating Requirements
Welding Requirements
Notes 1 The “+” sign means that it is mandatory to check the parameter when conducting this type of test. 2 The “-” sign means that the parameter is not checked during this type of test.

9 Test methods

9.1 Formwork tests are carried out according to the programs and methods developed by the enterprises - formwork developers.

10 Transport and storage

10.1 Transportation of formwork elements can be carried out by open mobile (rail, road) transport without shelter, in accordance with the rules for the transport of goods.

10.2 The group of conditions for storage and transportation of formwork must comply with group 8 (OZhZ) in accordance with GOST 15150.

10.3 Formwork storage should be carried out in accordance with storage conditions 4 Zh2, 3 Zh3, 50 Zh4 in accordance with GOST 15150.

With a shelf life of up to 12 months, formwork elements of the 1st and 2nd classes should be sorted by brand and size, stacked on wooden linings and stored in enclosed spaces or shelters.

10.4 If long-term storage is required, metal work surfaces must be preserved in accordance with GOST 9.014, group 2, option VZ-1.

With a storage period of more than 12 months, the formwork elements must be re-preserved.

11 Instructions for use

11.1 Formwork work must be carried out in accordance with SNiP 3.01.01 and the project for the production of works (PPR).

11.2 Safety requirements for operation according to SNiP 12-03.

11.3 Mounting and dismantling of the formwork can only be carried out if there is a technological map or a project for the production of works.

11.4 Workers who have been instructed are allowed to work on the installation and dismantling of formwork at a height.

11.5 Each time before installing the heating formwork, the safety of the insulation, the fastening of the current collectors, the compliance of the ohmic resistance of the heaters with the passport data, the integrity of the insulation of the heaters, the operability of the power supply systems and the regulation of the heating mode, and the safety of work are checked.

12 Manufacturer's warranties

12.1 The manufacturer must ensure that the formwork meets the requirements of this standard.

The warranty period for the operation of formwork of the 1st class is set at 12 months from the date of its shipment to the consumer, subject to the rules of transportation, storage, operation and provided that its turnover does not exceed the standard, formwork of the 2nd class - 6 months, formwork of the 3rd class - is established by agreement between the manufacturer and the customer.

APPENDIX A

(reference)

Applicability of formwork types

Table A.1

formwork type	Applicability
small shield	Concreting of monolithic structures, including those with vertical (walls, columns, etc.), horizontal (ceilings, beams, etc.) and inclined surfaces of various shapes, including joints, openings of monolithic structures with a small formwork surface. It can be used together with large-panel formwork for concreting small in volume and complex in configuration monolithic structures and as inserts, including in cramped production conditions
large-panel	Concreting of large-sized monolithic structures, including walls and ceilings of buildings and structures
	Concreting of closed free-standing monolithic structures, such as grillages, columns, foundations, as well as internal surfaces of closed cells of residential buildings and elevator shafts
Volumetric adjustable	Simultaneous concreting of walls and floors of buildings and structures, as well as additional structures, such as columns
sliding	Concreting of vertical (mainly more than 40 m high) walls of buildings and structures, mainly of constant section
Horizontally movable	Concreting of conduits, collectors, tunnels erected in an open way (rolling formwork); lining of tunnels erected in a closed way (tunnel formwork)
Climbing	Concreting of vertical high-rise structures with variable section, e.g. cooling towers, pipes
Pneumatic	Concreting of spatial monolithic structures of a curvilinear outline, for example, spheres, domes, etc.
Fixed	Concreting of monolithic structures without stripping, creating waterproofing, cladding, insulation, external reinforcement, etc. May or may not be included in the design section of a monolithic structure
Note - Types of formwork are used depending on the type and size of concrete structures and the method of concrete work.

APPENDIX B

(mandatory)

Formwork indexing of a specific design

1 The order of indexing is shown in Figure B.1.

* If necessary, in agreement with the customer.

Notes

1 In the formwork indexing by the type of elements of a monolithic structure, letter designations only the most common elements (walls, columns, ceilings, beams (crossbars), foundations, grillages).

2 The index is assigned on the basis of the approved terms of reference for the design of the formwork (or a replacement document) by an organization authorized by the Gosstroy of Russia to conduct an examination of the specifications for the formwork (or technical committee on standardization and technical regulation in construction).

Figure B.1

2 Symbols for formwork types are given in Table B.1.

Table B.1

formwork type	Conventions according to indexing order
formwork type
Type of formwork according to the type of monolithic structure element:
foundations
grillages


floors (including beam and ribbed)
domes (spheres, shells, vaults)
spans of bridges, flyovers and other similar structures
spans of bridges, flyovers and other similar structures
Type of formwork by design features:
small shield
large-panel

volume-adjustable
sliding
horizontally movable
climbing
pneumatic
fixed
Type of formwork according to the materials of load-bearing and shaping elements:
steel
aluminum
plastic
wooden and from wooden materials
combined
Other materials
Formwork class:



Formwork type according to applicability at different outdoor temperatures and the nature of the formwork impact on concrete of a monolithic structure:
uninsulated
insulated

special

3 An example of indexing the formwork of large-panel aluminum walls of the first class with a bearing capacity of 6 tf / m 2 insulated:

USC. AL-1-6.U according to GOST R______

4 The indexing order of formwork elements is shown in Figure B.2.

Figure B.2

* Width to height - for a shield, minimum height to maximum height - for a telescopic rack, length - for a coupler, maximum insertion width - for a lock, etc.

** At maximum height.

5 Examples of indexing formwork elements.

5.1 An example of indexing a formwork panel 1.2 m wide and 3 m high:

Shch 1.2´3.0

5.2 An example of indexing a telescopic pole with a minimum height of 1.5 m and a maximum height of 3.7 m, with a bearing capacity of 0.9 tf/m2 at the maximum height:

St 1.5´3.7 (0,9)

APPENDIX B

(mandatory)

The nomenclature of quality indicators, established in the technical specifications for the formwork of specific types

B.1 In the technical specifications for formwork of specific types, the values of quality indicators are set, the nomenclature of which is given in table B.1.

Table B.1

Name of indicators, unit of measurement	Applicability in technical conditions depending on the formwork class
Name of indicators, unit of measurement
For all types of formwork
Formwork class
Bearing capacity, tf / m 2
Specific gravity, kg / m 2
Dimensions and tolerances of the main formwork elements, mm
Rigidity:
deflection under load, mm
Design loads:
lateral pressure of the concrete mixture, kgf / m 2
load during concreting floors, kgf / m 2
wind loads, kgf / m 2
horizontal displacement loads, kgf / m 2
Adhesion to concrete*:
adhesion load at separation at angles of 0°, 45°, 90° (depending on formwork type), kgf/m2
Versatility:

Product unification level:
number of unified elements, pcs.
Labor intensity of installation and dismantling, man-hour
Maintainability:
specific total labor intensity of repair, man-h / unit. revolutions
Block formwork of the external contour (block form)
Dimensions of shields and blocks, mm
Tilt angle of panels, hail.
Variable formwork
Section dimensions, mm
Floor spans, mm
Mounting and demoulding method
sliding formwork
Dimensions of the structure under construction, including wall thickness, mm

Method of installation, lifting and dismantling
Horizontal formwork

Shield length, mm
Shield slope, deg.
Formwork horizontal movement speed, m/h
tunnel
Tunnel dimensions, mm
Mounting, demoulding and moving method
Climbing formwork
Dimensions of shields and structures, mm
Wall thickness (shield movement limits), mm
Lifting equipment drive type and its main characteristics
Mounting, lifting and demoulding method
Pneumatic formwork
Formwork dimensions, mm
Mounting, lifting, moving and demoulding method
Overpressure, Pa
Fixed formwork
Characteristics of the formwork material depending on the purpose**, including:
permeability
inclusion or non-inclusion in the design section of monolithic structures
Heating formwork
Heater characteristics:
type of heater
insulation material and characteristics, including electrical resistance, MΩ
rated voltage, V
rated power, kW
working temperature, deg.
Temperature differences, deg.
Type and characteristics of insulation, including:
density, kg / m 3
thermal conductivity coefficient, W/m×°С
* Depending on the duration of contact between concrete and formwork in hours. ** For cladding or waterproofing. Notes 1 The “+” sign means that a quality indicator must be set for this formwork class. 2 The “-” sign means that it is not necessary to set the quality index for this formwork class.

APPENDIX D

(mandatory)

Loads and data for formwork calculation

1 Vertical loads

1.1 Self-weight of the formwork is determined from the drawings.

1.2 The mass of the concrete mixture is accepted: for heavy concrete 2500 kg/m 3 , for other concretes - according to the actual mass.

1.3 The weight of reinforcement is taken according to the project, in the absence of design data - 100 kg/m 3 .

1.4 Loads from people and vehicles - 250 kgf / m 2. In addition, the formwork should be checked for a concentrated load from technological means according to the actual possible loading according to the work execution project (PPR).

2 Horizontal loads

2.1 Wind loads are taken according to SNiP 2.01.07.

2.2 Maximum lateral concrete pressure R max , kgf (tf) / m 2.

2.2.1 When compacting the mixture with external vibrators (as well as internal vibrators with a radius of action of the vibrator R³ H, where H- formwork height, m) the pressure is assumed to be hydrostatic with a triangular pressure distribution diagram in accordance with Figure D.1, a.

P max = g H

Resultant pressure

P= g H 2 /2.

2.2.2 When compacting the concrete mixture with internal vibrators

P max = g(0.27 V+0,78)K 1 K 2 ,

where g is the volumetric mass of the concrete mix, kg/m 3 ;

V- speed of concreting (speed of filling the formwork in height), m per hour;

K 1 - coefficient taking into account the influence of the mobility (rigidity) of the concrete mixture, K 1 = 0.8 for mixtures with d.c. (cone draft) 0 - 2 cm; K 1 = 1 for mixtures with d.c. 2 - 7 cm; K 1 = 1.2 for mixtures with d.c. 8 and more than 8 cm;

K 2 - coefficient taking into account the influence of the temperature of the concrete mixture:

K 2 \u003d 1.15 for mixtures with a temperature of 5 - 10 ° C;

K 2 \u003d 1.0 » » » 10 - 25 ° С

K 2 = 0.85 » » » more than 25 °С.

2.2.3 Dynamic loads that occur during the unloading of the concrete mixture are taken according to the table GL.

2.2.4 Loads from vibration of the concrete mixture are assumed to be 400 kgf/m 2 .

2.2.5 The safety factors for calculating the pressure of the concrete mixture are taken according to Table D.2.

2.2.6 Calculated concrete mixture pressure diagram - according to Figure D.1, b.

H max - height at which the maximum pressure of the concrete mix is reached, m

h max= P max/g

where g - bulk density for heavy concrete, is taken equal to 2500 kg / m 3.

2.2.7 The maximum loads in all cases, taking into account all the coefficients, should be taken no higher than the hydrostatic ones.

Picture D.1 - Estimated diagrams of the lateral pressure of the concrete mix

a- hydrostatic pressure; b - design pressure when compacting the mixture with internal vibrators

Table D.1 - Additional dynamic loads that occur when unloading the concrete mix

Table D.2 - Safety factors when calculating the pressure of the concrete mix

Key words: formwork type, formwork class, turnover, manufacturing and installation accuracy

This state standard applies to all types of formwork for the construction of monolithic concrete and reinforced concrete structures. The document provides a classification of various types of formwork, gives the main parameters of formwork quality, puts forward general technical requirements for the design, formwork materials (and formwork tests), and also imposes safety requirements. Let us dwell in more detail on some points of this document. The main quality parameters depending on the formwork class are summarized in Table 1: "Table 1

	Values of indicators for classes

Accuracy of manufacturing and installation*:
deviation of the linear dimensions of the seams over a length of up to 1 m (up to 3 m), mm, no more		At the request of the customer
deviation of the linear dimensions of the panels over a length of up to 3 m, mm, not more than differences on the shaping surfaces:
butt joints of shields, mm, no more
deck butt joints, mm, no more
specially organized protrusion forming a west on a concrete surface, mm, no more
deviations from the straightness of the horizontal elements of the formwork of the slabs along the length l, mm	l/1000, but not more than 10
deviation from straightness of forming elements over a length of 3 m, mm, no more
deviations from straightness of vertical load-bearing elements (pillars, frames) of slab formwork at height h, mm, not more than
deviation from the flatness of the shaping elements over a length of 3 m, mm, no more
difference in the lengths of the diagonals of shields 3 m high and 1.2 m wide, mm, no more
deviation from the right angle of the shields of the forming elements at a width of 0.5 m, mm, no more
through slots in butt joints, mm, no more
height of protrusions on forming surfaces, mm, no more
number of protrusions per 1 m2, pcs., no more
height of depressions on shaping surfaces, mm, no more	Not allowed
number of depressions per 1 m2, pcs., no more
The quality of the concrete surface of a monolithic structure after demoulding:
deviation from flatness over a length of up to 1 m (up to 3 m) mm, not more than:


diameter or largest size of the shell, mm, not more than:


cavity depth, mm, not more than:


height of local influx (protrusion), mm, not more than:
	Not allowed

…” The formwork in question, namely the sliding formwork of NERU LLC, delivered to the construction site under the contract, belongs to the 1st class in terms of manufacturing accuracy and installation accuracy (this is due to the requirements for finished reinforced concrete structures). In this regard, the requirements of the first column of the table are imposed on this formwork. Section 6 "General Specifications" discusses the main characteristics, requirements for materials and coatings, completeness and methods of marking the formwork. So, the following requirements are imposed on the formwork design:“6.1.4 The formwork design should provide: - strength, rigidity and geometric invariability of shape and dimensions under the influence of assembly, transport and technological loads; - design accuracy of the geometric dimensions of monolithic structures and the specified quality of their surfaces, depending on the formwork class; - maximum turnover and minimum cost per one turnover; - minimal adhesion to the set concrete (except for non-removable); - the minimum number of standard sizes of elements, depending on the nature of monolithic structures; - the possibility of pre-assembly and readjustment (changes in overall dimensions or configuration) in the conditions of the construction site; - the possibility of fixing embedded parts in the design position and with design accuracy; - manufacturability in the manufacture and the possibility of using means of mechanization, automation during installation; - quick disconnection of connecting elements and the possibility of eliminating gaps that appear during long-term operation; - minimization of material, labor and energy costs during installation and dismantling; - ease of repair and replacement of elements that have failed; - tightness of shaping surfaces (except for special ones); - temperature and humidity conditions necessary for hardening and gaining design strength by concrete; - chemical neutrality of forming surfaces to the concrete mixture, except for special cases; - quick installation and dismantling of formwork without damaging monolithic structures and formwork elements. Requirements for play in formwork joints:"6.1.11 The play in hinged joints of formwork elements of the 1st and 2nd classes shall not exceed 1 mm." Requirements for coatings in terms of the formwork in question: “6.3.2 Metal surfaces of formwork elements of the 1st and 2nd classes that are not in contact with concrete must have protective coatings in accordance with GOST 9.032, GOST 9.303 or have anti-corrosion properties that provide a given turnover in operating conditions."

Requirements for completeness, marking and packaging: "6.5 Completeness 6.5.1 The formwork must be supplied by the manufacturer as a complete set in a condition suitable for operation, without additional modifications and corrections (or element by element at the request of the customer). 6.5.2 The composition of the kit and the availability of spare parts are determined by the customer's order. 6.5.3 If necessary, in agreement with the consumer, the formwork kit includes tools and devices for mounting, dismantling, moving. 6.5.4 Formwork sets must be supplied with operational documents in accordance with GOST 2.601: - formwork passport; - operating instructions (with installation diagrams and 6.6.1 On the main formwork elements of the 1st and 2nd classes (boards, frames, beams) on surfaces not in contact with concrete, on the non-working side, they must be applied with indelible paint, impact or other the following marks: - index of the formwork element in accordance with this standard - date of manufacture - name of the manufacturer or its trademark 6.6.2 Each package must have a shipping label in accordance with GOST 14192. 6.7 Packaging 6.7.1 Formwork elements with a size of more than 1 m should be packed by brands in transport packages that ensure the integrity and safety of products during transportation and storage. 6.7.2 Fasteners, locks, bolts, nuts, washers and other small formwork elements, accessories, tools and connecting elements must be packed in containers that ensure the safety of products. 6.7.3 Before packing, the formwork elements must be preserved in accordance with GOST 9.014 (for group IV), with the exception of fasteners and other small-sized elements belonging to group I-1 (GOST 9.014). Protection option VZ-1 with a period of validity of temporary protection against corrosion for at least 12 months. 6.7.4 A packing list (inventory) of the elements of this package must be attached to each package and box. The inventory must be available for removal without opening the package and protected from moisture. 6.7.5 The documentation (inventory) supplied with the formwork must be hermetically packed and ensure the tightness, water tightness, and safety of the documentation. 6.7.6 Upon delivery of formwork sets, technical documentation must be enclosed in a container, on which the inscription “Documentation” must be written. ... "

Safety requirements:“7.1 Connecting (fastening) formwork elements of all classes must have devices that prevent spontaneous opening, unscrewing, undocking or falling out under concreting conditions and other working influences on the formwork. 7.2 The design of the formwork must provide for the presence of a working platform. The width of the working platform must be at least 800 mm outside the formwork dimensions. 7.3 The formwork design must provide protection against falling from a height in the form of guardrails. Fencing devices should be along the entire length of the outer side of the working platform. The height of the fence must be at least 1100 mm, the distance between the horizontal elements of the fence - no more than 500 mm. 7.4 Formwork design should provide means of access to the working platform (vertical or inclined ladders, etc.). 7.5 The design of large-sized formwork elements should provide for anchoring means designed to lift them with hoisting mechanisms during formwork installation and dismantling.

In accordance with this document (section 8 "Rules for acceptance"), the formwork must be tested (acceptance and periodic) a large number parameters specified in GOST. These include tests for the accuracy of manufacturing and installation, versatility, the level of unification of products, the laboriousness of installation and dismantling, maintainability, etc. At the same time, "formwork tests are carried out according to programs and methods developed by enterprises - formwork developers." manufacturer's warranty: “12.1 The manufacturer must ensure that the formwork meets the requirements of this standard. The warranty period for the operation of formwork of the 1st class is set at 12 months from the date of its shipment to the consumer, subject to the rules of transportation, storage, operation and provided that its turnover does not exceed the standard, formwork of the 2nd class - 6 months, formwork of the 3rd class - is established by agreement between the manufacturer and the customer.

We also provide a mandatory appendix B regulating quality indicators both for all types of formwork and for specific types of formwork:

"APPENDIX B(mandatory)

The nomenclature of quality indicators, established in the technical specifications for the formwork of specific types

B.1 In the technical specifications for formwork of specific types, the values of quality indicators are set, the nomenclature of which is given in table B.1. Table B.1

Name of indicators, unit of measurement	Applicability in technical conditions depending on the formwork class
Name of indicators, unit of measurement
For all types of formwork
Formwork class
Bearing capacity, tf/m2
Specific gravity, kg/m2
Dimensions and tolerances of the main formwork elements, mm
Rigidity:
deflection under load, mm
Design loads:
lateral pressure of concrete mix, kgf/m2
load during concreting floors, kgf/m2
wind loads, kgf/m2
horizontal displacement loads, kgf/m2
Adhesion to concrete*:
adhesion load at break-off at angles of 0°, 45°, 90° (depending on formwork type), kgf/m2
Versatility:

Product unification level:
number of unified elements, pcs.
Labor intensity of installation and dismantling, man-hour
Maintainability:
specific total labor intensity of repair, man-h / unit. revolutions
Block formwork of the external contour (block form)
Dimensions of shields and blocks, mm
Tilt angle of panels, hail.
Variable formwork
Section dimensions, mm
Floor spans, mm
Mounting and demoulding method
sliding formwork
Dimensions of the structure under construction, including wall thickness, mm
Lifting equipment drive type and its main characteristics
Method of installation, lifting and dismantling
* Depending on the duration of contact between concrete and formwork in hours. ** For cladding or waterproofing. Notes 1 The “+” sign means that a quality indicator must be set for this formwork class. 2 The “-” sign means that it is not necessary to set the quality index for this formwork class.

GOST R 52085-2003

STATE STANDARD OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

FORMWORK

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS

STATE COMMITTEE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
FOR CONSTRUCTION AND HOUSING AND UTILITY COMPLEX
(GOSSTROY OF RUSSIA)

Moscow

Foreword

1 DEVELOPED by the working group of the Technical Subcommittee on standardization and technical regulation PK 3/TKS 71 "Formwork and formwork for monolithic construction" consisting of: STC "Stroyopalubka" CJSC "TsNIIOMTP", Department of State Construction Policy (including licensing) Gosstroy of Russia, OOO PSF "Krost"

INTRODUCED by the Department of State Construction Policy (including licensing) of the Gosstroy of Russia

2 ADOPTED AND INTRODUCED BY Decree of Gosstroy of Russia No. 42 dated May 22, 2003

3 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME

STATE STANDARD OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

FORMWORK

General specifications

FORMWORKS

General specifications

Introduction date 2003-06-01

1 area of use

This standard applies to all types of formwork for the construction of monolithic concrete and reinforced concrete structures.

2 Normative references

SNiP 2.01.07-85* Loads and impacts

SNiP 3.01.01-85* Organization of construction production

SNiP 12-03-2001 Occupational safety in construction. Part 1. General requirements

GOST 2.114-95 ESKD. Specifications

GOST 2.601-95 ESKD. Operating documents

GOST 9.014-78 ESZKS. Temporary anticorrosive protection of products. General requirements

GOST 9.032-74 ESZKS. Paint coatings. Groups, technical requirements and designations

GOST 9.303-84 ESZKS. Metallic and non-metallic inorganic coatings. General selection requirements

GOST 380-94 Carbon steel of ordinary quality. Stamps

GOST 2695-83E Hardwood lumber. Specifications

GOST 3826-82 Wire mesh with square mesh. Specifications

GOST 3916.1-96 General purpose plywood with hardwood veneer outer layers. Specifications

GOST 3916.2-96 General purpose plywood with softwood veneer outer layers. Specifications

GOST 4598-86 Wood fiber boards. Specifications

GOST 4784-97 Aluminum and wrought aluminum alloys. Stamps

GOST 5264-80 Manual arc welding. Connections are welded. Main types, structural elements and dimensions

GOST 7871-75 Welding wire from aluminum and aluminum alloys. Specifications

GOST 8486-86E Softwood lumber. Specifications

GOST 8617-81 Pressed profiles from aluminum and aluminum alloys. Specifications.

GOST 8713-79 Submerged arc welding. Connections are welded. Main types, structural elements and dimensions

GOST 9463-88 Coniferous round timber. Specifications

GOST 1050-88 Rolled bars, calibrated, with special surface finish from quality carbon structural steel. General specifications

GOST 10632-89 Particle boards. Specifications

GOST 11533-75 Automatic and semi-automatic submerged arc welding. Connections are welded at acute and obtuse angles. Main types, structural elements and dimensions

GOST 11534-75 Manual arc welding. Connections are welded at acute and obtuse angles. Main types, structural elements and dimensions

GOST 11539-83 Bakelized plywood. Specifications

GOST 13268-88 Tubular electric heaters

GOST 14192-96 Marking of goods

GOST 14637-89 Carbon steel plate of ordinary quality. Specifications

GOST 14771-76 Arc welding in shielding gas. Connections are welded. Main types, structural elements and dimensions

GOST 14806-80 Arc welding of aluminum and aluminum alloys in inert gases. Connections are welded. Main types, structural elements and dimensions

GOST 16523-97 Rolled thin-sheet carbon steel of high quality and ordinary quality for general purposes. Specifications

GOST 19414-90 Solid wood glued. General requirements for indented adhesive joints

GOST 20850-84 Glued wooden structures. General specifications

GOST 21778-81 System for ensuring the accuracy of geometric parameters in construction. Key points

GOST 22233-2001 Extruded profiles from aluminum alloys for translucent enclosing structures. General specifications

GOST 23518-79 Shielded arc welding. Connections are welded at acute and obtuse angles. Main types, structural elements and dimensions

GOST R 15.201-2000 System for the development and production of products. Products for industrial and technical purposes. The procedure for developing and putting products into production

GOST R 52086-2003 Formwork. Terms and Definitions

TU-16.K71-013-88 Heating wires.

3 Definitions

3.1 In this standard, terms are used in accordance with GOST R 52086, GOST 21778.

4 Formwork classification

4.1. Formwork is divided into types depending on:

Type of concreted monolithic and precast-monolithic structures;

constructions;

Materials of load-bearing elements;

Applicability at different ambient temperatures and the nature of its impact on concrete of monolithic structures;

turnover.

4.1.1 Types of formwork depending on the type of concreted monolithic structures.

4.1.1.1 Formwork of vertical monolithic structures (including inclined-vertical):

Foundation formwork;

Grill formwork;

Wall formwork;

Formwork for bridges, pipes, cooling towers;

Column formwork, etc.

4.1.1.2 Formwork of horizontal monolithic structures (including inclined-horizontal):

Formwork of floors (including beam and ribbed);

Dome formwork (spheres, shells, vaults);

Formwork of span structures of bridges (flyovers and other similar structures).

4.1.2 Types of formwork depending on the design.

4.1.2.1 Small panel:

Modular;

Collapsible.

4.1.2.2 Large switchboard:

Modular;

Collapsible.

4.1.2.3 Block:

External contour (block form) (detachable, one-piece, reconfigurable);

Internal circuit (detachable, one-piece, reconfigurable).

4.1.2.4 Volumetric adjustable:

U-shaped;

L-shaped;

Universal.

4.1.2.5 Sliding.

4.1.2.6 Horizontally movable:

rolling;

Tunnel.

4.1.2.7 Climbing:

With mine lift;

Based on a building.

4.1.2.8 Pneumatic:

lifting;

Stationary.

4.1.2.9 Fixed:

Included in the design section of the structure;

Not included in the design section of the structure;

with special properties.

4.1.3 Types of formwork depending on the materials of its supporting elements:

steel;

Aluminum;

plastic;

Wooden;

Combined.

4.1.4 Types of formwork, depending on the applicability at different ambient temperatures and the nature of the effect of formwork on concrete of monolithic structures:

Uninsulated;

insulated;

heating;

Special.

4.1.5 Types of formwork depending on turnover:

Single use (including non-removable);

Inventory.

4.2 Applicability of formwork types is given in Appendix A.

5 Key quality parameters

5.1 All types of formwork, depending on the accuracy of manufacturing, installation accuracy and turnover, are divided into classes: 1, 2 and 3.

5.2 Formwork quality indicators depending on the class are given in Table 1 and Table 2.

Table 1

Name of indicators, unit of measurement	Values of indicators for classes
Name of indicators, unit of measurement
Accuracy of manufacturing and installation*:
deviation of the linear dimensions of the seams over a length of up to 1 m (up to 3 m), mm, no more		At the request of the customer
deviation of the linear dimensions of the panels over a length of up to 3 m, mm, no more differences on the forming surfaces:
butt joints of shields, mm, no more
deck butt joints, mm, no more
specially organized protrusion forming a west on a concrete surface, mm, no more
deviations from the straightness of the horizontal elements of the formwork of the slabs along the length l, mm	l/1000, but no more than 10
deviation from straightness of forming elements over a length of 3 m, mm, no more
deviations from straightness of vertical load-bearing elements (pillars, frames) of slab formwork at height h, mm, no more
deviation from the flatness of the shaping elements over a length of 3 m, mm, no more
difference in the lengths of the diagonals of shields 3 m high and 1.2 m wide, mm, no more
deviation from the right angle of the shields of the forming elements at a width of 0.5 m, mm, no more
through slots in butt joints, mm, no more
height of protrusions on forming surfaces, mm, no more
number of protrusions per 1 m 2, pcs., no more
height of depressions on shaping surfaces, mm, no more	Not allowed
number of depressions per 1 m 2, pcs., no more
The quality of the concrete surface of a monolithic structure after demoulding:
deviation from flatness over a length of up to 1 m (up to 3 m) mm, not more than:


diameter or largest size of the shell, mm, not more than:


cavity depth, mm, not more than:


height of local influx (protrusion), mm, not more than:
	Not allowed

*Accuracy characteristic - according to GOST 21778. Note - The “-” sign means that it is not necessary to set the quality indicator of this formwork class.

table 2 - Formwork turnover

Formwork type, material of formwork elements	Formwork turnover
	For forming elements, units of revolutions*			For supporting and load-bearing elements, units of revolutions*
	1st class, not less	2nd class, not less	3rd grade, up to	1st class, not less	2nd class, not less	3rd grade, up to
Small-scale:
steel, aluminum
wood, plastic

for wall formwork
for slab formwork
Large-panel:
steel, aluminum
wood, plastic

for wall formwork

Volumetric adjustable
Sliding:


Climbing
Horizontally movable
Pneumatic
* For sliding, climbing and horizontally moving formwork - in m of lifting or moving. ** When applied on one side.