Acquaintance with country house starts at the entrance gate. Therefore, this element of the personal plot must be beautiful and solid. However, the main purpose of the gate is to provide convenient access for cars to the house and protect the territory from the penetration of strangers. How to combine these appointments? Let's consider what materials strong gates can be made of, and what types of structures are acceptable for a summer cottage. In addition, we will describe the sequence of creating the most popular entry systems - hinged and retractable.
Basic requirements for gates at their summer cottage
Gates for giving - the integral element of arrangement of a country site. In most cases, gates are made from the same material as the fence. A number of requirements are put forward for the front part of the courtyard:
- the possibility of unhindered check-in / check-out - optimal width gate - 2.2-2.4 m, height - 1.6-1.8 m;
- if the summer cottage will periodically call trucks, then the gate must be made wider - 3.2-4 m;
- gate leaves must open effectively and have locking elements;
- design conformity general style plot and facade of the house.
Naturally, important requirements- strength and resistance of the material of manufacture to natural influences.
The choice of material for the manufacture of gates
Usually, metal, wooden or combined gates are installed in the country.
For the manufacture of metal gate use sheet metal, corrugated board, forged elements, profile pipes, corners and fittings. Structures made of corrugated board have gained particular popularity among summer residents due to a number of advantages:
- affordable cost of building material;
- speed of erection of the structure - the installation of the gate can be done independently;
- long period of operation;
- subject to the integrity of the protective layer, the corrugated board does not corrode;
- attractive appearance- the material is available in different colors, interesting option- corrugated board with imitation of wood or masonry.
Among the disadvantages of country metal gates include:
- insufficient strength if corrugated board or sheet metal of small thickness is used;
- under mechanical action the gate can be deformed;
- small scratches provoke corrosion.
wooden gate are less common today than before - when similar designs were used almost everywhere. For the manufacture of gates and gates used budget material(boards and beams) and elite lumber from expensive woods.
Simple gates can be assembled with your own hands, with dry wood bars and a standard set of tools at hand. It is better to entrust the work of creating complex structures to cabinetmakers who have special equipment for wood processing in their arsenal.
To combined gate include those models in the production of which several materials were used simultaneously. In this case, the ratio of raw materials is taken approximately equal proportions. Combined fences are considered to be:
Designs of country gates: features of manufacture and operation
Depending on the type of construction, there are two main types of gates:
- swing;
- retractable.
swing gate- classics of the genre. Their popularity is due to the simplicity of the design - a pair vertical supports equipped with hinges for fastening the sashes. The disadvantage of the gate is associated with the difficulties of operation in winter time- the snow in the opening / closing radius of the valves will have to be cleared regularly.
Important! The gate frame must have large stock rigidity and strength, since during the opening it undergoes serious loads that can mow the structure
To create the frame of the gate is usually used steel pipe or profile, fixation individual elements- bolted or welded. Frame sheathing - galvanized steel sheets, corrugated board, antiseptic treated boards, or metal grate. It is not recommended to use heavy facing materials - this increases the load on the supports and hinges. In the closed state, the gate is blocked by a powerful deadbolt or padlock. You can install a latch at the bottom to fix the gate in the selected position.
Pillar supports can become loose over time, which leads to jamming of the gate. To avoid this, at the installation stage it is important to lay a deep foundation for the supports.
Country sliding gates There are two types: rail and console. Such structures were originally used on objects industrial use, and today they are often installed in the adjacent territories.
Positive features of sliding gates:
- Space saving. Retractable or sliding gates can be installed anywhere on the site. The gate leaves are moved parallel to the plane of the fence by means of a mechanism.
- Ease of use. It is possible to equip the structure with automation - the approaching driver just needs to press a button on the control panel and the gate will open.
- Even during snowfall, the “retractable” mechanism functions perfectly, since the gate leaves do not touch the ground.
- Attractive appearance.
- Resistance to external factors and durability.
The panel of retractable or sliding doors is made of different materials. However, as practice shows, best option in the price-quality ratio - this is a profiled sheet metal.
Important! The door leaf can be made independently, and the mechanism must be purchased from a trusted manufacturer
A separate group can be distinguished gate with built-in gate. Such models are constructed using the same technology as swing gates from wood or corrugated board. In the leaf, where the gate is to be placed, a frame of 4 vertical profiles is welded in (2 external ones define the borders of the frame, 2 internal ones - the opening of the entrance door).
Do-it-yourself swing country gates from corrugated board
Site selection and project development
The first question that needs to be solved is where to place the entrance gate on the summer cottage. If on the site the house is located in the center of the courtyard, then the gate is installed opposite the facade of the dwelling across the courtyard. For dachas located near the roadway, it is advisable to plan the entrance area away from home in order to reduce the impact exhaust gases into the yard.
If a suburban area is in natural area with limited traffic, the gate can be placed close to the facade.
To develop a drawing, you should determine the dimensions of the gate - measure the width / height of the gate. When measuring the height, it is important to take into account the technical clearance at the bottom of the gate - the size of the clearance depends on the type of driveway coverage. When laying tiles, asphalt or concrete, 5-7 cm is sufficient, for unreinforced soil with uneven surface leave a gap of about 10 cm.
Advice. Calculating the drawing, it is necessary to compare the dimensions of the frame and facing material. It is desirable that they match - then the installation process will be easier and it will be possible to avoid connecting seams on the front side of the wings
The given drawing can be used as a basis for calculating the amount of material, parameters and attachment points for profile pipes.
Tools and materials
Mandatory and auxiliary tool for the manufacture of the frame, arrangement of racks and sheathing of the gate:
- grinder - for cutting and grinding metal blanks;
- grinding and cutting discs;
- welding machine and electrodes;
- building level, tape measure, hammer, corner;
- trowel, shovel;
- spray gun or brushes for painting gates, racks;
- riveter and rivet.
Sample list of materials:
- profile pipe for the frame - optimally - 60 * 40 * 1.5, but 40 * 20 * 1.5 is also suitable;
- the pipe for the manufacture of racks depends on the expected weight of the gate: up to 150 kg - 80*80*4, 150-300 kg - 10*100*5, more than 300 kg - 140*104*5;
- hinges (adjustable or unregulated);
- mechanical/electromechanical locks;
- dye;
- sheathing - sheets of corrugated board.
Mounting sequence
The first stage is the installation of support pillars. Metal supports are concreted to a depth of soil freezing - at least 1 meter. The order of installation of poles:
- Support pipes with a cross section of 100 * 100 mm should be cleaned of rust, degreased, primed and painted.
- Dig two holes along the edges of the proposed gate to a depth of 1-1.5 m.
- Put sand with crushed stone at the bottom of the pits - a layer thickness of 20-30 cm.
- Put the support in the pit and strengthen it with reinforcement. control building level column verticality.
- Pour the pit with concrete in the composition: fine crushed stone, lath sand, cement.
Leave the foundation to harden for a week. If the door leaf is heavy with forging elements, then the concrete must “cure” for at least two weeks. At this time, you can start making sashes.
The sequence of creating the gate frame:
The final stage - sheathing with corrugated board:
- Place a sheet of corrugated board on top of the frame and fix with steel rivets or self-tapping screws.
- Fastening of profiled metal in places of the "wave" depression.
- Calculation of the number of self-tapping screws - about 10 pieces per 1 sq.m.
Ready-made sash structures are hung on hinges welded to the supporting pillars.
Do-it-yourself sliding country gates
For self-manufacturing sliding gates, you need to purchase accessories sliding system. Set includes:
- Guide beam. The length of the profile is equal to 1.6 * the width of the opening under the gate.
- Roller carriages - 2 pcs.
- A board that keeps the structure from swinging during movement.
- Lower / upper limiter - reduces the swaying of the gate during wind.
- End roller - ensures silent operation of the system and reduces the severity of the sash in the open state.
If you plan to control the gate automatically, then you will need an automation kit consisting of the following elements:
- The gearbox is the "brain" of the working mechanism.
- Gear rack (optimally - galvanized). The size of the element depends on the length of the gate. For an opening with a width of 4.5 m or more, a rail with a thickness of at least 8 mm is suitable.
- Photocells.
- Signal lamp.
- Mounting base.
- Remote Control.
Start of work - drawing up a drawing indicating all dimensions. The width of the opening determines the place for the rollback of the gate.
Important! The length of the gate is equal to the sum of the width of the opening and the place of rollback. This value is calculated as the product of the gate opening and a factor of 1.6. The height of the sliding system is taken 10 cm less than the height of the fence
The main stages for the manufacture of sliding country gates from corrugated board:
The last step is installation automatic system. Before installation, be sure to read technical documentation and instructions for the electric drive. As different models differ from each other and have nuances of installation.
Country gate design: original photo ideas
Acquaintance with the suburban area begins with the entrance. That is why it is important to provide good gate that will not cause inconvenience to anyone.
Of course, you can order the manufacture and installation of the structure from specialists. But, if you have the necessary knowledge and skills, it is better to do everything yourself, while leaving some of the funds in your pocket. We will try to figure out how to make a gate for a summer residence with our own hands, and what is needed for this, we will try to figure it out further.
So, first you need to decide which gate you want to make. There are several types of systems, and each of them has its own advantages and disadvantages.
The simplest option, found everywhere. Their design is quite simple: two wings, swinging open in different sides. It is easiest to make such gates and install them. The service life also promises to be long. But there is also weak sides. So, you must ensure that the exit path (in the direction of opening) is cleared, otherwise the gate simply will not swing open. If you want to purchase automation, serious expenses will await you: the structure has two wings, and a mechanism is required for each of them.
Important! Whichever option you choose, you need to necessary calculations and make drawings. Otherwise, all work may go to waste. So, without guessing the width, you can get at least an opening that does not completely close.
There is only one leaf here, so if you decide to automate it, it will cost less than with the previous design (and not only with it). In addition, when opening, it moves along the wall, which no longer takes up much space. Such gates are further divided into three subspecies:
- rail. The main feature of this type is the rail along which the sash moves.
- hanging. Here the structure for movement is on top. This is convenient, since it can be continued above the entrance, which is not so easy to do below. This option is quite expensive.
- console. The most complex structure, which is based on cantilever mechanisms and a channel beam. But it does not make strong noises when opening, and the guide does not clog as in the case of the rail view.
There are two sashes, moving in different directions. This choice is suitable for those who have little space behind the entrance, and the entire structure does not fit on one side. In addition, it will be possible to use the passage and the gate at the same time only if the latter is located away from the system, otherwise the sash will overlap it.
Important! In the last two cases, make your own necessary elements and they can be installed only with the necessary experience and skills.
materials
We talked about the types, now we'll tell you what you can do country gate with your own hands. From a wide range of materials, only two are most often chosen: metal and wood. And, again, both the first and second options have their own characteristics, pros and cons.
Wood
Previously, such solutions could be seen on sites almost everywhere. But the tree is still relevant material. And that's why:
- the cost of wood is less than metal, so the gate will come out relatively cheap;
- it is also easier to get it;
- fewer tools and consumables are needed;
- the tree is easier to process;
- Installation is also easier.
However, this material is preferred not so often. There are reasons for this too:
- the tree deteriorates faster (due to the influence of external factors, such as, for example, moisture);
- it is inferior to metal in strength;
- The material is highly flammable.
Metal
But it is being chosen more and more often. This fact can be explained by the following advantages:
- such gates have greater strength;
- the material costs more, but not so much as to bypass it;
- assembly and installation are not difficult either;
- the design is more resistant to external influences.
Metal has the following disadvantages:
- small defects can cause corrosion;
- some materials (such as, for example) make the sashes light, but not strong enough;
- when various precipitations (for example, rain jets or hailstones) hit, the metal makes a lot of noise;
- some mechanical damage may lead to deformation.
What is the best way to make a gate own dacha? Here everyone decides for himself. However, not all of them can be made independently. Therefore, first you just need to decide what you are ready to put up with and what will not suit you.
Assembly and installation
Now let's talk about the main thing - how to make a gate in the country and how to put them. The easiest way is to build (or, more precisely, perform) swing. And now we will look at how this is done.
Pillars.
If you already have a fence, then this item may be worth skipping. With the rest we move on. So, first we calculate the height of the pillars. We take the height of the fence, add the lower opening to it (about 5 cm), and underground part, which is at least one third overall height and (at the same time) not less than a meter. Pipes can be chosen as the material, but some make supports from logs or bricks. In any case, you need to prepare: for example, pipes are cleaned, degreased, primed and painted.
Now we dig holes in the right places (having spent all necessary measurements). At the bottom we lay out a layer of sand and crushed stone by 30 centimeters. Then we put our pillars, fix them, check the verticality with a level. Now you can fill the holes with concrete (at ground level). Now you have a week or two to do the main part.
sashes
We turn to almost the main thing, namely, how to make a gate in the country. Regardless of the material, assembly work can be done independently (or with some assistant). So let's get started.
The first stage is the execution of the frame. To do this, all the necessary metal elements are cut according to the drawn up diagrams and lie down in desired sequence. Further profiles (two horizontal and three vertical) are interconnected by welding.
Important! You need to take care of fastening the profiles, otherwise they will simply unscrew during welding, and all calculations will be violated.
When the frame is ready, braces are welded to it, which will prevent it from “playing”. Next, you need to install small parts: latches, hinges, etc. When everything is ready, the welding spots should be cleaned, and the frame itself should be painted in two layers, having previously cleaned it. And all that remains is to sheathe the structure with metal or wood. Sheathing should be carried out in one direction (based on whether you are right-handed or left-handed).
Mounting
The simplest in the country is the one where the swing option was chosen. If everything was done correctly, you just need to hang the sashes on the hinges. But how to put retractable or sliding? With pillars and sashes, everything is the same here, except that additional elements are mounted to the profile. But the rest will have to tinker. So, for the installation of rails, catchers, console mechanisms, it is required good experience. Perhaps that is why this option is not very often chosen to the country. However, if you have the necessary skills, you have a chance to save a lot. Otherwise, it is better to entrust the work to specialists.
Outcome
Now you are aware of how to install the gate in your country house. If everything turned out right for you, you can be happy for yourself: now you have a comfortable and secure entrance to your territory. Now the main thing is not to forget to follow the components of the structure, and then it will serve you for a long time and with high quality.
1. Gate trim:
Sheathing can be made of wood, metal, polycarbonate, or a forged structure.
In order for the choice of material to be correct, the following nuances should be taken into account:
- Gate from corrugated board and other metal structures have a number of advantages, they are light and affordable, the material is presented a wide range in terms of structure and shades, but in terms of aesthetic characteristics, not everyone will be satisfied;
- Forged gates chic, but they will cost a pretty penny, although they will undoubtedly last you the longest.
On the summer cottages often you can see the swing wooden gate . To prolong their service life, wood is pre-treated special formulations and placed in a metal frame. I propose to consider the option of manufacturing swing gates from the light material- profiled sheet.
2. Material options for the frame:
- Metal, welded construction- the most reliable and durable option, perfect for heavy sheathing materials, for non-automatic gates I advise you to choose it.
- Bolted metal frame- easier to build than the previous one, but be prepared that this design is not so durable.
- Aluminum and other light metals- can be used only for doors with light paneling! the very case when the use of such material can be caused ONLY by the choice of a professional (usually for automatic gates).
- wooden gate frame- a classic, obsolete, but a classic. Everything is simple here: if you want it yourself and quickly - wood, no - metal. It will not last long, you are suffering!
3. Posts for swing gates:
- wooden poles - easy to use and inexpensive material. Disadvantage - fragility, well, heavy metal gate it's okay not to hang on them :)
- Pillars of brick- about 10 years ago they were considered an indicator of status and were used where they were not needed. They look beautiful, but concrete ones are in no way inferior to them, and even surpass them in durability. Can hold quite big weight, I advise inside brick pillars build around metal ones (cover them with bricks), welding hinges and other structural elements to a metal core post.
- asbestos poles- easy to use, finished product (sometimes they are mistaken for concrete), better than wooden ones, but in my opinion it is much inferior to metal ones.
- concrete pillars- reinforced concrete, massive, noble and, unlike brick, is easy to cosmetic repairs. If you want the pillars to be not only constructive element, but also part of the design of the fence, I advise you to stop at this option.
- metal poles- For light structures, they are simply installed in the ground, but even for not the heaviest gates, you should use concrete foundation at least 20 centimeters away from the pole and at least a meter deep (ideally one and a half, the depth of soil freezing in our climate zone), so that when the soil around the pillars is soaked, it does not lead.
- Metal poles on a concrete or brick base- fairly common hybrid strip foundation 30 or more centimeters protruding above the ground and poles sticking out of it), and aesthetically and economically and top part fences and gates can be quite "easy".
Any household plot surrounded by a fence and a gate. Such structures ensure the safety of personal property. The choice and construction of the gate can be done independently. Before work, you will need to create drawings, take into account the basics of installing pillars and choose the right construction material. During the installation process, it is better to follow the tips experienced builders. When installing the gate with your own hands, you will need drawings, photos and videos of finished structures.
Benefits of swing gates
Regardless of the design, the owner of the site can choose the method of opening the valves - outward or inward. Installation of swing gates is carried out without any difficulties. If you correctly perform all the stages of construction, the structure will serve for a long time and regularly. Classic swing gates have a number of advantages:
- high functionality;
- compactness;
- no size restrictions;
- the possibility of using any materials;
- ease of use.
Also, such gates are easy to install, they are undemanding to maintenance, strong enough and can be erected in a variety of ways. design solutions. Also, swing structures are distinguished by a long service life. If necessary, an automatic control system can be installed on them.
The disadvantages of such gates include:
- the importance of taking into account the wind load that is relevant for a given region;
- the need to free up sufficient space for opening - closing gate.
A simple consideration of these factors makes it clear that swing gates have much more pluses than minuses.
Swing gate design
Regardless of the size, finish, direction of opening and materials of execution, swing gates include:
- Support racks. The posts must match the type of gate.
- Frame. It is made of metal or wood. The main requirement for the frame is greater rigidity.
- Sheathing material. The metal profile is very popular.
- Loops. They are chosen in accordance with the weight of the gate and their design features.
- Locks and locks. They are devices that prevent intruders from entering the site. Also, such mechanisms have a variety of designs.
Every detail of swing gates performs an important function. Proper installation of each of them is the key to a long service life of the gate. When building a gate with your own hands, drawings, diagrams, sketches of structures are needed.
Gate from profiled sheet
Swing gates are the most popular among private developers. The doors can open in one or both directions. As a material that is attached to the frame, corrugated board is used. You can also make a gate in the door leaf.
The popularity of swing gates is achieved due to the long service life of such products. Metal constructions do not require repair in comparison with wooden ones. Often complemented by automation systems. In addition, the profiled sheet has a number of advantages:
- low cost of materials used;
- simple manufacturing process;
- sufficiently long service life;
- external attractiveness;
- excellent features.
The disadvantage of profiled sheet doors is exposure to wind loads. Such sashes must be installed on reinforced hinges. It is also worth taking care of the correct installation of the pillars in advance. The disadvantages of such structures include the need to free up space for opening.
However, the advantages of metal profile gates significantly outweigh their disadvantages. Moreover, many problems are not so critical as to pay attention to them.
Swing gate installation
If swing gates are planned to be made from a profiled sheet, you will need to install sufficiently strong poles. For supports, it is better to choose pipes with a diameter of 80 mm or more. Also perfectly cope with loads and a square pipe.
Sashes are welded from pipes square section. It is better to choose products with dimensions of 10x25x3000 mm. To connect them, you will need to use welding. The frame must be reinforced with diagonal tensioners. It is also necessary to provide a place for constipation, a lock and limiters.
Work begins with the installation of supports. This stage requires some preparation. It is also important to use ready-made photo gate drawings. From the video, on which the installation of swing gates is carried out in stages, you can also get a lot of information. Helpful information on the topic is in this material:
Pole installation methods
Support posts can simply be buried in the ground or concreted. In the second case, the supports will be much stronger and more reliable. Also, do not forget about the need correct installation loops. When driving, it is necessary to immerse the supports in the ground by 130 cm.
Using this method of installing gate posts saves time. Almost immediately after clogging the supports, you can fasten the hinges and hang the sashes.
Another way is concreting. It is better to combine it with the reinforcement of the support. The depth of the pits is 150-200 cm. The diameter of each pit depends on the section of the buried pipe. First, a pillow is prepared (from sand and gravel, and then concrete is poured).
Important! Before concreting, a waterproofing "glass" of roofing material should be placed in the pit. Thanks to this, the concrete milk will not go into the ground, which will make the solution more durable. Concrete must be compacted periodically, expelling excess air.
Manufacture and installation of sashes
After installing the pillars, you will need to complete the sash. This process should be given a lot of time. The work is carried out in stages:
- First on flat surface it is necessary to lay out profile pipe or corners, and weld the shape according to the drawing.
- In order for the structural strength to be high, it is important to strengthen the sashes with diagonals.
- When the frame is ready, you can start lining it with a profiled sheet. The material must be 2 mm thick. Too thick metal should not be chosen - then you have to think about strengthening the racks.
- After that, install the hinges. First, one half of them is welded to the gate frame, and then the second to the pole.
- When all the work is done, you need to take care of safety - a lock and constipation are installed on the gate.
The same principle underlies the installation of the gate. The sashes can be painted both in the air and on the ground - even before mounting on the supports. The difference is that already installed gate streaks may appear during the application of paint. For this reason, you need to treat the work with special care.
sliding gate
Sliding gates have a special functionality. They do not take up much space, are silent, open quickly enough. There are several types of sliding gates:
- retractable;
- suspended;
- console .
Least demanded gate hanging type. This is due to the appearance of travel restrictions, the complexity of installation, the many requirements of such structures.
If severe frosts are regularly observed in the region, it is not worth installing sliding gates in your area. The guides will be covered with frost, which will reduce the functionality of the structure. Such gates will require constant care. Otherwise they are good enough.
Everyone can build sliding gates with their own hands. To do this, you need to have drawings and determine the size of the sash. They can also help various videos and photos of finished structures. The main condition for the installation of sliding gates is the need to free up space along the fence.
A special profile is installed on the surface of the soil. The sash will move along it. Special rollers are also installed on top of the gate. In order for the gate to stop in the right place, special fixing elements are installed. Useful information is in this video:
Cantilever gate installation
Cantilever gates are considered one of the most difficult. The advantage of such structures is that there is no need to equip a ground rail. The gate does not touch the ground during movement. Also, when installing cantilever gates, there are no height restrictions. In addition, only 1 support post needs to be installed. Such structures are used at any time and in any weather.
The fold is quite simple. It consists of a frame and a skin. A guide is welded to the bottom of the sash, inside which roller carriages are placed. On them, the gate can move in both directions.
Advice! As soon as the frame is welded, it is necessary to clean the welding seams. In addition, traces of corrosion should be removed from all surfaces.
The cantilever gate leaf is conditionally divided into two parts - the one that closes the opening, and the one that serves as a counterweight. The second part should have a length equal to 35-50% of the length of the first. A special foundation is installed under the cantilever part, capable of withstanding significant loads during the operation of the gate.
To equip the foundation, you will need to prepare a channel that will equal to length console part of the sash. It is also worth digging a pit into which it will be filled concrete mortar. The length of the pit should be several tens of centimeters longer than the length of the channel. The foundation is poured to a depth below the freezing level of the soil. In addition, in order to securely fix the channel in the foundation, you will need to make a special reinforcing cage.
After the foundation is completed, the sash can be installed. Such work also has its own nuances and requires a special approach.
Required fittings
The elements required for the installation of cantilever doors are presented in construction stores in great variety. To choose the right fittings, you will need to determine the weight of the sash and its dimensions. It is also important to know the width of the opening.
The standard set of elements for installing sliding cantilever gates includes:
- guide beam;
- plugs with which the beam is equipped;
- end rollers;
- additional device equipped with 2 rollers;
- roller bearings;
- roller catchers.
Such a set is necessary when installing a cantilever gate. In the selection process, it is important to get the opinion of a specialist.
Overhead gate
Similar designs are great for a standard garage. It is not recommended to use them as a gate on the site - they have a height limit. The principle of operation of the structures is quite simple - the canvas moves up, taking a horizontal position. These gates open and close quickly and are relatively easy to install.
When the sash opens swing gate, it begins to protrude a little. This should be taken into account when driving the car to the garage. If you do not calculate the distance, the gate may hit the car.
Such gates have become popular in part due to their compactness. When folded, they take up almost no space. They also differ in availability. The frame is covered with wood, metal sheets or composite. If we compare such structures with swing structures, they clearly have more benefits for garage installation.
For the manufacture of overhead gates, you will need to draw a diagram. Features of mounting structures:
- In preparation for the installation of a lift-and-turn structure, you will need to make 2 frames - for the sash and the one along which the gate will move.
- Inside the garage, the frame will be L-shaped.
- The canvas is equipped with flaps at the top and bottom.
- Also, levers are mounted to the frame, raising the canvas during the opening process.
- Be sure to provide shock absorbers that will soften the impact of the canvas during closing.
The support frame is attached to the opening with anchors. Installation of automation should be carried out only after all procedures for the installation of the gate. It is better to entrust the work to specialists who will help to carry out the power supply.
Installation of a lift-and-turn type gate will not take much time if you are well prepared for work. Also, the process will be accelerated if you invite experienced craftsman. In addition, it is necessary to use the design drawings to calculate in advance the dimensions of the sash and the guide frame. How such gates are installed, you can find out from the video:
Results
It is better to install gates of any type according to the drawings. Swing structures more commonly used in individual construction, sliding - both for closing entrances to private territories, and for fencing industrial facilities. Lift-and-turn structures are ideal for garage entry equipment.
Each type of gate has certain advantages. They also have certain disadvantages. The simplest and affordable option- Swing gates with two leaves. During the installation of such structures Special attention should be given to the installation of support pillars.
If earlier sliding gates for summer cottages were something of a privilege due to their aesthetic qualities and the manufacturability of the mechanism, today it is a quite affordable solution for arranging the fence and the site as a whole. There are enough varieties of such gates: they differ in the method of control, shade, dimensions and arrangement of the mechanism.
The popularity of sliding gates
The swing option is still the most popular. But sliding analogues are becoming more and more popular and today they are much more common than in former times. However, their price is still not the lowest, which determined the second position in the list of leading designs.
The main advantages of sliding gates:
- They take minimum area, you just need to free the area along the fence on one side of the opening;
- Simple control;
- Excellent external characteristics.
The main difficulty in do-it-yourself installation is the need to purchase a set of accessories, which will entail additional costs.
Design features
There are only three types of sliding gates, which differ in the way the automation unit is installed: with a lower, upper and middle beam. The location of the carrier rail determines how the drive is to be installed. If you plan to mount sliding gates in the country, it would be best to choose the last of the options. This is due to the fact that the location of the beam in the middle of the sash leaf will avoid the need for regular cleaning of the opening from snow in the winter.
Cantilever sliding gates with automation
You can choose between mechanical and automatic control. If the gate is installed correctly, both options will be operated quite easily, without the need for physical effort to act on the sash.
Types of retractable structures: on this moment rail gates are already considered a relic of the past.
The fastening of the movable web is provided by a set of fittings, which includes: two types of traps (lower, upper), side roller and bracket, carrier beam, roller systems.
Learn more about electric drive
If you plan to install sliding gates with your own hands with automatic control, we must not forget about the method of fastening the automation unit. To do this, it is necessary to fix the gear rack on the movable web of the structure. It is through this element that the main load force is transferred from the drive to the gate.
Such designs are much more expensive, and connecting them with your own hands requires certain skills. The automation unit can be purchased separately. This means that this mechanism is not mandatory for installation. If a sliding gate with a middle beam is selected, the drive is mounted at the same level as the guide rail, namely in the middle of the section leaf. To do this, metal pillars of the required dimensions are laid in the foundation.
The nuances of the construction of the gate
There are several main stages: determining the dimensions of the moving canvas; installation of poles, if necessary; manufacture of the sash, its fastening in the opening; drive installation and connection.
How to correctly determine the dimensions of the movable section?
If the opening has already been formed, it remains only to calculate exact dimensions gate. Sliding structures usually have a length that corresponds to a value of 1.5 of the passage width. You can change it up or down, it all depends on the design features, the size of the opening and the width of the street. The last of the factors allows you to determine the angle of rotation of the car at the entrance and exit of the site.
The width of the opening, in turn, is calculated taking into account the dimensions of the transport that has access to the object. Accordingly, the larger its dimensions, the larger the sash should be.
Optimum gate length (opening width + rollback place) = gate opening * 1.6
And the weighting of the structure directly affects the quality of fasteners and total cost gate. When installing with your own hands, it is important not to forget that next to the opening there should be enough free space to move a section.
Pole installation
Usually, when arranging a fence, load-bearing poles for fastening the gate are laid during the construction of the fence, and on last step the movable sash is already mounted. But if all work is carried out simultaneously, then when installing the support posts for the gate, the weight of the movable structure is taken into account.
The minimum depth of the supports is 1 m. But this is subject to installation on soil with a normal, simple structure. For heavy structures and on difficult soils, the support is laid to a depth of 1.5 m.
As load-bearing pillars for fastening the gate can be used products made of metal, concrete, brick. The dimensions of the holes in the soil are determined by the diameter of the racks + a small margin. A layer of soil and sand is laid on the bottom, then, using a level, the pillars are leveled in the pits. After that, you can fill with concrete mortar.
Foundation
As a reinforcement of the base, an embedded part, reinforcement is used. In the case of a middle beam, you can lay it with your own hands in the foundation metal supports or a finished frame, on which the electric drive will be installed in the future and the supporting rail and sash will be attached.
It is necessary to mount the support pole to a depth of at least one meter
Distance between rollers this case it is better to take as large as possible, as far as the size of the movable sash allows. This will ensure the reliability of the design.
The foundation of the structural part of the gate
Instead of cantilever units, double roller systems are used that cover load-bearing beam above and below. The rail itself is used with a solid section, without slots, as is necessary in the case of the lower beam.
Manufacturing of the movable sash frame
For the door leaf, you need to make an even structure with perfectly right angles and parallel pipes with a section of 60x40 mm or 50x50 mm around the perimeter without deviations with your own hands. You can strengthen the sash with the help of stiffeners (40x20 mm).
Frame frame drawing for an opening of 4 meters.
They are used quite a lot and installed at different angles, especially if the structure is large. This solution avoids frame distortion during operation. Sheathing should be attractive, reliable and as light as possible so as not to additionally burden the structure: profiled sheet, polycarbonate, thin sheet metal.
Mounting the movable section
First you need to determine the location of the fittings, and check the correct installation of the entire structure. To do this, the sash is installed in a vertical position. Gates with a middle beam are somewhat different from analogues with a lower location of the carrier rail.
We insert into the carrier beam into the trolley with rollers. We install this structure on the foundation (channel), then we extend the beam into the opening. At the same time, we adjust the clearance between the post and the end of the beam.
This is primarily manifested in the fact that the lower catcher plays the role of a fastener for the middle beam when closed position gate. The movable sash is held by a side bracket and connected to the carrier beam.
Hardware installation
At the stage of checking the performance of the finished movable sash, you need to determine the location additional elements structure, and also lightly grab them with a spot weld in two places, which, if necessary, will facilitate their dismantling.
It is important to ensure that in the closed position the sash retains correct position, namely, was parallel to the opening. You need to fix the fittings with your own hands by welding. An end roller is laid in the carrier block from the side of the lower trap.
Installation of the automation unit
Main steps: attaching the gear rack to carrier block(along its entire length); electric drive installation metal frame at the level of the middle of the sash leaf, in the same place where the carrier rail is located; end fittings installation. The last elements are located along the edges of the beam, and magnetic designs are more effective, but they are also more expensive.
Most important nuance- laying the cable channel into the foundation at the stage of its preparation, but before the mortar is poured. Photocells are attached separately: on support pillars, opposite each other.
A manual control mechanism will cost less, and the technology for its installation will take a third less time, since you do not need to take care of fixing the automation unit, think over the way to bring the cable, set up the drive.
Gate automation is used to save human effort and time, as well as make life more comfortable and enjoyable.
Main stages self-assembly: sash size determination; foundation preparation (with reinforced frame and metal poles, protruding above the ground surface for a rather large distance - to the level of the middle of the sash leaf); production of the movable section, as well as its installation.
