Drawing of a 3 room apartment. Typical layouts of apartments. Minimum floor space

Typical layouts of apartments are typical for a whole series of houses - a group of residential buildings that are completely or almost completely identical in design and layout of rooms. Also, these houses are built from the same materials.

Typical layouts of apartments include Brezhnevka, Khrushchev, Stalinka. Houses from these series are found in almost every locality of the country.

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Stalinka houses are still expensive and prestigious. This is mainly due to their location: as a rule, "Stalinki" are located in the city center and in the areas closest to it. In addition, the cost of housing is affected by a large total area, as well as high ceilings.

"Stalinki" are divided into two types depending on the building material used: cinder block and brick. Most brick houses were built in the early period, and cinder blocks began to appear at a time when developers gained access to building panels and blocks. Brick buildings usually have better thermal insulation, more attractive facade. Cinder block houses look less refined, and sometimes just dull.

The construction of "stalinok" significantly decreased in 1956, when industrial mass housing construction began, which caused the appearance of entire arrays of "Khrushchev".

The main features of the "Stalinka" layout:

High ceilings;
Convenient layout of "Stalinka";
Massive walls.

In the "Stalinka" usually three- and four-room apartments, options with two, as well as five or more rooms are much less common. One-room apartments are a rarity at all.

"Stalinki" can refer to ordinary or nomenklatura houses. Nomenklatura were built specifically for elite residents. These houses are distinguished by an excellent layout, spacious hallways. The apartments may also contain not only a children's room, but also an office, a library, a room for servants. The kitchen in such "Stalinka" is large, the bathroom is separate. Usually located on the same floor 2-4 apartments. Ordinary houses are simpler and more modest, the area of apartments in them is smaller.

Layouts of apartments of standard series - Stalinki:

Rice. 1 - Layout of a one-room apartment in Stalinka

Rice. 2 - Layouts of two-room apartments in Stalinka

Rice. 3 - Layouts of three-room apartments in Stalinka

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Typical layout of Khrushchevka apartments

The "Khrushchevs" include five-story houses, the construction of which began in the period 1956-1964, during the reign of Khrushchev. In Moscow, these buildings were built until 1972, and in the region itself and in many other regions of the country - until the mid-1980s.

Initially, "Khrushchev" houses were built of brick, but in the 60s, for economic reasons, panel housing construction began. Apartments in "Khrushchev" have a small area of rooms (for example, 6-9 m2 were allocated for a bedroom), and the area of \u200b\u200bkitchens does not exceed 6 m2. The height of the ceilings also decreased - up to 2.5 meters.

The main disadvantages of the layout of apartments "Khrushchev" include:

Poor thermal insulation (hot in summer and cold in winter);
Combined bathroom;
Lack of a garbage chute, elevator, attic.

But these houses also have their advantages. This is, first of all, the low cost of apartments and a good territorial location - not far from the metro, in areas with developed infrastructure.

Layouts of apartments of standard series - Khrushchev:

Rice. 4 - Layouts of one-room apartments in Khrushchev

Rice. 5 - Layouts of two-room apartments in Khrushchev

Rice. 6 - Layouts of three-room apartments in Khrushchev

Typical layout of Brezhnevka apartments

Typical Brezhnevka houses were built during Brezhnev's time - from 1964 to the beginning of the 80s.

Unlike "Khrushchev", such houses had more floors and an increased area of apartments. In the very first apartments, there was often a “Khrushchev refrigerator”, which was a closet under the kitchen window. This decision was borrowed from the "Khrushchev". The bathroom was created separately. In the future, the layout changed a little, some of the solutions are used in our time.

Brezhnevka is characterized by an improved layout. But this is true only in relation to the “Khrushchevs”, as for the “Stalinka”, they are more comfortable for living. In Brezhnevka houses, the ceilings are not too high, the kitchens are small (about 7-9 m2). The number of rooms varies from 1 to 5.

One of the varieties of "brezhnevok" are hotel-type apartments. They are small, their total area is 12-18 square meters. Such apartments were intended for temporary stay, but then most of them were fixed on a permanent basis.

The "Brezhnev" houses have an elevator, a garbage chute, and the ceiling height is 2.65 meters.

Most of the buildings are poorly insulated and have recently undergone major renovations to improve energy efficiency.

Layouts of apartments of standard series - Brezhnevka:

Rice. 7 - Layouts of one-room apartments in Brezhnevka

Rice. 8 - Layouts of two-room apartments in Brezhnevka

Many of us in our lives have seen a wide variety of apartment layouts. Indeed, in different types of multi-storey buildings, you can find apartments of the most diverse plans, which may differ not only in the nature of the location of the rooms or in the size of the living space, but also in their type. Nevertheless, all of them are subject to a fairly accurate classification, the features of which we will now consider with you.

Apartment layout types

Among the main types of apartment layouts, the following can be distinguished:

Communal apartment
Semi-dining room
Gostinka
little family
Studio
One-room apartment
Two-roomed flat
Three bedroom apartment

This classification includes almost all types of apartment layouts that exist today. Now let's take a look at what each type of apartment plan is, and what layout options it can have. It will also be interesting to learn about the features of work on the design of houses in different periods.

Communal apartment

A communal apartment (or “communal apartment”, as it is popularly called) is a single room located in a large, isolated living area. Each individual family or one person occupies one living room.

All other premises are common areas - this is an entrance hall and a corridor, a shower room or a bathroom, as well as a toilet and a kitchen.

Communal apartments became widespread after 1917, when the Bolsheviks came to power. They took away part of the living space that belonged to wealthy citizens, and forcibly settled families of communists, military and workers in their apartment.

Semi-dining room

Behind the incomprehensible and somewhat exotic name "semi-hotel" is a separate apartment of the minimum area - from 20 to 27 square meters of total area.

A distinctive feature of apartments - semi-guests can be considered a kitchen - an entrance hall. This means that almost immediately at the entrance there is a small kitchenette (usually equipped with an electric stove with two burners). And just outside the threshold you can find a washing machine or a refrigerator standing under a clothes hanger - on the minimum area of \u200b\u200bthese apartments, all furnishings and household appliances must be placed very compactly.

Of course, it is difficult for a large family to accommodate in such an apartment, but for one or two people it is quite suitable.

Apartment - semi-hotel

Gostinka

A gostinka or a hotel-type apartment is a separate small-sized one-room apartment with a small kitchen, which is often located in a niche. In addition, a miniature entrance hall is also included in the total area of the hotel. There is only one window in the whole apartment.

Apartments - hotels also cannot boast of a large area

In the Soviet Union, hotel-type apartments were massively built to accommodate workers in factories and factories in the 60s of the 20th century. In those days, having your own apartment, even the smallest one, was a great success.

little family

Small family - also refers to small apartments, and is characterized by a small area. So, the size of a living room can start from 9 square meters.

In fact, small families are a type of housing intermediate between dorm rooms and separate apartments.

The composition of the apartment - a small family includes a living room of a standard area (from 16 to 20 square meters) or a reduced size (9 - 12 square meters), a separate kitchen with a window, a combined bathroom with a bath (usually sitting) and a miniature hallway.

Small families can be accommodated in apartment buildings with a height of 5, 9 or 12 floors. On each floor there are a large number of apartments (from 10 to 20). They can be reached through a long common corridor.

The interior of a one-room apartment - a small family

Studio

A studio is a small one-room apartment of a modern type. Features of its layout are that the kitchen and living room are a single whole.

One-room apartment - studio

This type of layout has its advantages (it creates a feeling of more space), as well as disadvantages - there is a need for well-thought-out design so that all design elements look harmonious.

Apartment design - studio

One-room apartment

A full-fledged one-room apartment is a separate apartment that has one living room of various sizes. The bathroom is often also combined - however, the bath in it is of a standard size, and the toilet is located at some distance from it.

At the same time, there is a separate corridor of various sizes and a separate kitchen room (usually relatively small). And in a one-room apartment, there may additionally be built-in pantries for storing various things and wall niches.

According to the type of construction of multi-storey buildings, one-room apartments are divided into the following:

» Khrushchevs»- named after one of the leaders of the USSR - General Secretary N. S. Khrushchev, under whom houses with small apartments, low ceilings and very miniature kitchens were massively built. Their area reached 5 - 6 square meters, which is clearly not enough to accommodate a family of even two or three people. But people were glad to receive even such a separate apartment.

Layout of a one-room apartment - Khrushchev

» Brezhnevka»- were named after the next Secretary General L. I. Brezhnev. At that time, the construction of multi-storey buildings began, in which there were apartments with high ceilings and a larger area of \u200b\u200bthe premises. In addition, the layout of apartments is being improved, and the kitchen area is being increased to 7-9 square meters.

Design of a one-room apartment - Brezhnevka

Modern one-room apartments apartments are characterized by increased planning comfort and an even larger kitchen area, which is never less than 8-9 square meters. At the same time, not only a linear type of arrangement of rooms is possible, but also a "vest" (the window in the living room faces one side, and in the kitchen - on the other).

Two-roomed flat

A two-room apartment is a full-fledged separate apartment, which has two rooms of different sizes, a corridor, a kitchen and a bathroom, often separate.

Depending on the design features of a multi-storey building, the layout of two-room apartments can vary into three main types:

linear layout- assumes the location of the rooms in the apartment in one line. Thus, all windows face one side of the house.

Layout "vest"- suggests the location of the rooms on different sides. Accordingly, the windows face two sides of the house. This is very convenient, because one side can be sunny and the other shady.

Sample layout "vest"

end layout- takes into account the presence of a window in the end part of the building. Thus, a two-room apartment has a three-way view.

Three bedroom apartment

A three-room apartment is a separate full-fledged apartment of various types of layout, which consists of three living rooms, an entrance hall, a corridor, a bathroom (usually a toilet and a bathroom are separate) and a kitchen. In addition, three-room apartments should have at least one balcony, or even a balcony and a loggia.

Three-room apartments are distinguished by a wide variety of layout types and the location of rooms relative to the sides of the house. Of course, three-room apartments are more spacious and therefore more comfortable for a large family.

Depending on the period of construction of the house, the three-room apartments located in it can be divided into the following types:

"Stalinki" - three-room apartments with a total area of 57 - 85 square meters, spacious and comfortable, with high ceilings and a convenient location of isolated rooms. The kitchen area can reach 15 square meters. It is easy to guess that they were built during the time of I.V. Stalin (in the 30s - 50s of the XX century).
"Khrushchev" - three-room apartments with a total area of 48 - 56 square meters. The apartments of this layout are very small, with walk-through or adjacent rooms and low ceilings. In addition, the kitchen area is very small - only 6 square meters. Houses with a similar layout of apartments began to be built during the time of General Secretary N. S. Khrushchev (since 1956) - and their construction continued until 1985. At the same time, the nature of the buildings changed slightly.
"Brezhnevka" - these are apartments of several types, more often in high-rise buildings built during the tenure of Leonid Brezhnev as General Secretary of the USSR. The total area of a three-room apartment of this type is 48 - 56 square meters, but at the same time, options for an improved layout were implemented. In addition, an important advantage of this type of apartments are rooms isolated from each other. Sometimes the layout is such that it is very easy to make rooms isolated.
"Czechs" - in the apartments of the Czech layout, the total area is 68 - 75 square meters. The rooms are isolated from each other, the bathroom is separate, and the kitchen area is 8-12 square meters. In such an apartment, as a rule, there is a balcony and a loggia.

Plan of a three-room apartment - "Czechs"

Open plan apartments

The free layout of apartments implies the presence of a large number of premises (more than three living rooms) and is characterized, respectively, by an increased area. Such apartments were built in different periods, so among them you can find "Stalinka" and "Brezhnevka", "Czech" and modern apartments in monolithic houses.

However, in the technical documents for the apartment there is no definition of "open plan", so this name can only be heard from real estate sellers. However, for an open-plan apartment they are of great interest, because they provide an opportunity to show their imagination and embody the most daring creative ideas.

Few of our compatriots today can boast that the area of housing fully satisfies them. Even people who were lucky enough to buy or inherit spacious three-room Moscow-style apartments often think that a lot could be optimized. For example, the kitchen may be too small, the corridor too long and dark, and it would not hurt to get another room that could be allocated for an office or an additional children's room.

Functional layout of a 3-room apartment

Well, you can just sit, regret and sometimes complain to friends and acquaintances that the apartment does not satisfy you for a number of reasons. Or you can just try to do something. And in this case, the redevelopment of a three-room apartment is the only way to turn a standard room into your dream home.

Of course, before you start drawing drawings on your own or resort to the help of specialists, you should decide what you want to get as a result.

Expand your kitchen? Change the appearance of the corridor? Get an extra bedroom that could be given to a growing child or elderly parents who decide to move in with you? Think carefully about whether you even need to start repairs in your apartment? After all, once you start, you won’t be able to quit halfway through. And the work can stretch for many weeks and even months; it will be a really hard test for both your nerves and the family budget.

When the decision is finally made, you can begin to make a plan. Of course, if you can afford it, then it is better to entrust the work to specialists. Indeed, often the redevelopment of an apartment is accompanied by the transfer or even demolition of walls.

original plan of a 3-room apartment

redevelopment option for a three-room apartment with the demolition of the walls of the corridor

Only experienced specialists will be able to take into account all the nuances, ensuring that as a result you get a completely safe and comfortable home. They will take into account which walls in the apartment are load-bearing (which means that it is worth working with them only as a last resort), and which ones are self-supporting. Consider the material from which the house is built.

Of course, they have plans for various houses with all the characteristics: wall thickness, permanent loads, load-bearing structures, and so on. Therefore, they will be able to do all the work with the highest quality, regardless of which house your apartment is in - 83 series or 137 series.

layout of a three-room apartment in houses of series 137

The transfer or demolition of capital walls is a very important process. And it can be performed only after obtaining permission from the relevant authorities.

It is definitely better to entrust this work to specialists. Yes, you will have to pay for their help. But as a result, the necessary documents will be collected in a matter of days. Otherwise, the process of collecting them may well drag on for several weeks or even months. Employees of offices will send you from one office to another, demanding more and more certificates and permissions. For those who have undergone this procedure, it is remembered only in terrible dreams.

Starting from the kitchen

So, the schemes are drawn and the plans are ready. You can get to work. Most often, in three-room apartments, the room allocated for the kitchen is subjected to redevelopment. Indeed, simply can not meet the requirements of many people. But it is here that you have to work diligently to prepare a delicious dinner for the whole family. And during dinner, especially if there are 5-6 people at the table, it becomes especially crowded in the kitchen. So, you need to expand the room.

If the exit to the balcony is in the kitchen, as is usually the case in the houses of the 121 series, you can consider yourself lucky. It is due to the balcony that you can significantly expand the kitchen.

Yes, you will have to glaze it with high quality, insulate it, conduct heating and dismantle the door with the window frame, connecting the balcony to the kitchen.

In addition, now it will not be so convenient to use the balcony, because it is quite difficult to reach the distant ropes, leaning out of the window. However, an additional 2-3 square meters to the kitchen area (the standard kitchen area is about 6-7 square meters) fully pays for any costs and slight discomfort.

Now you have a fairly spacious room. The stove, refrigerator and cabinets can be moved to the balcony: there will be the main working area. But in the kitchen itself, you can install a large table or even a kitchen couch, because now there will be enough space for this.

By the way, if there was a wide, massive concrete window sill between the kitchen and the balcony, which is often found in houses of the 75th series, it does not always make sense to dismantle it. Dismantling is associated with big problems: this difficult work can take a whole day.

standard layout of an apartment in houses of the 75 series

Taking out construction debris and carefully leveling and masking the walls is an additional chore. Therefore, many people make a very good decision: use the windowsill as a kitchen table. You can install a small tabletop on it and decorate it accordingly, or you can simply paste it over with washable wallpaper or oilcloth so that the new table looks harmoniously in the interior of the room.

5 floors

Panel 5-storey houses belong to earlier series, who directly replaced the "Khrushchev". The main difference between the layout was the absence of walk-through rooms.. In addition, all rooms now had doors, i. for residents there was an opportunity for privacy, solitude.

There were corridors from which the entrance to the rooms was carried out. At the same time, separate bathrooms appeared - a bathroom and a toilet, combined into a single block, but having a partition between them with separate entrances.

9 floors

The increase in the number of floors set the task of equipping the houses with elevators, for which it was necessary to expand the stairwells. Besides, the emergence of 9-storey panel houses required the presence of garbage chutes, also requiring a certain volume, as well as utility rooms.
All these innovations have caused the need to change the layout of apartments. Adjacent balconies appeared, connected by 4 into one block, wider stairwells caused the expansion of the corridors.

Reference! The changes were not so significant.

Since in any case, binding to the dimensions of a typical reinforced concrete panel did not give much room for imagination. Most of the series of 9-storey houses are modernized projects of 5-storey houses.

Is it possible to reschedule?

Redevelopment in a panel house is quite possible, but with some reservations. The fact is that there are load-bearing walls that are the supporting structures of the building.

There are conventional partitions (so-called self-supporting) that can be changed or removed without compromising the strength of the structure. Any changes in the layout of the rooms should not affect the load-bearing walls.

In general, there are methods of redevelopment with intervention in their condition - tying newly made openings with a channel, strengthening, etc., but all of them are doubtful in terms of structural strength, and if the apartment is on the lower floors of a multi-storey building, then they are completely undesirable.

That's why the best option is not to touch the load-bearing walls, especially since most of the options for redevelopment of typical apartments do not require this.

Important! Independent transfer of capital walls is prohibited! The redevelopment must be coordinated accordingly and carried out by professionals.

Besides, changes should not in any way infringe on the rights of residents of other apartments. For example, the transfer of heating radiators on the balcony is prohibited, since the design of the house does not provide for heating balconies, resulting in an extra consumption of thermal energy, which is not enough for residents of apartments located further down the riser.

Their batteries will become colder, and You can get a fine for illegal redevelopment with an order to return everything as it was. It is forbidden:

dismantling or removal of ventilation ducts.
Combining bathrooms without hydro and sound insulation measures.
Combining balconies, loggias with rooms or kitchens.
Works with load-bearing walls without reinforcement.

Also, you can not transfer gas (kitchen) and a bathroom to any other part of the apartment.

Apartment options

At first sight, There are a lot of options for redevelopment of the apartment..

But restrictions on changing the state of load-bearing walls and the general expediency of the whole action reduce the number of possible options to a minimum. You will not succeed without technical knowledge about the layout of apartments.

Most often, some expansion of the area is carried out due to the partial or complete removal of partitions, or, conversely, the creation of partitions that separate the sleeping area from the living room (for example, in one-room apartments). You can consider some options.

1-room

For one-room apartments the most relevant way is to demolish the partition between the kitchen and the room, causing its area to expand significantly. The disadvantage of this change is that the kitchen becomes part of the room., all odors, steam and other related parts are visible.

Another change is to install a partition across the room, resulting in a small bedroom and living room.

Reference! This decision is caused by the lack of space and the need to provide rest for family members (especially if there is a child).

Besides, the toilet and bathroom are combined into a single room. The main reason is the need to install a large bath and place a washing machine, which are impossible in conventional bathrooms.

3-room

To make redevelopment in such an apartment, you need to know what the layout of a 3-room apartment in a panel house is.

In this case a common solution is the demolition of some partitions to get more common space. Combine:

two adjoining rooms into one larger one;
kitchen with a room;
bathroom - bathroom and toilet in one room.

Most cases of redevelopment of three-room housing are due to the desire to expand the space of the apartment, to make it visually more voluminous.

Important! Combining gasified kitchens with rooms is prohibited! It will be necessary to install a partition (sliding, accordion, etc.) or turn off the gas and replace the stove with an electric one.

4-room

The main problem of four-room apartments is small rooms.. Most of the four-room apartments are the same three-room apartments, in which one of the rooms is divided in half. Therefore, in addition to the usual events - combining a kitchen and a room, a bathroom, etc. - merged adjacent rooms.

They connect two, sometimes three rooms to get one, larger size and capacity. Such a decision, most often, is dictated by the need to place furniture, household appliances, exercise equipment, the dimensions of which are not suitable for apartments of a typical layout. However, the opposite is often the case.

Coordination and registration

To agree on the redevelopment, you will need to create a work plan with sketches before and after work. The plan is created by a special organization. The cost of creating a plan is different for each type of layout.

The plan is approved by the architecture department, followed by a visit to the BTI to issue a new technical passport for the apartment. Once you receive your passport, you can start work.

Important! Inconsistent redevelopment will significantly complicate the sale or inheritance of the apartment.

The redevelopment of apartments is a measure that is partly forced, but at the same time creative, requiring imagination and the ability to see something new and original in the familiar.

Large household appliances, furniture, photos of apartments decorated with plasterboard structures seen on the net - there are a lot of reasons that encourage you to get to work. Compliance with technical requirements and coordination in the relevant organizations will help to avoid problems in the future.

Design project and plan of a three-room apartment for a family with children

The design of a three-room apartment is made in accordance with the requirements of homeowners: a functional design of the space in light shades, with the presence of spot color accents without any frills.

The design of an apartment with children is desirable to do in bright colors.

By nature, such an interior should be very restrained and calm, but at the same time cozy thanks to natural materials. Children's rooms must be made taking into account the individual needs of children. The environment should be appropriate for their age.

Benefits of a modern apartment layout

The walk-through view can be attributed to the standard layout of apartments of the twentieth century with two rooms. A large room was located next to a spacious pantry, which had access to the bedroom.

Adjoining layout of two rooms

At that time, many home craftsmen had to increase the living space, due to the "demolition" of the pantry and the construction of a new wall. In this way, part of the hall was fenced off, and two different rooms were obtained. However, this technique contributed to the appearance of a long dark corridor, but still having separate rooms was a priority over aesthetics.

Change of layout

The difference between the modern layout of a three-room apartment and apartments built in the middle of the last century is that the bathrooms with toilets have now become separate, like the living rooms themselves. Kitchens and bathrooms have been enlarged. In almost all three-room apartments, balconies or spacious loggias appeared.

Modern layout of a three-room apartment

A finished apartment today is not the final result. Time makes its own adjustments. Many experienced designers have appeared who offer their services in planning, interior design, who, with peculiar, simple methods, can increase or decrease the area of \u200b\u200bhousing, divide rooms into zones for the purpose of their functionality.