Warm floors, although not a complete alternative traditional types heating, but are increasingly being used as mandatory additional, for example, in bathrooms, in the kitchen or in the nursery. As a rule, even redecorating these rooms also includes the installation of a film underfloor heating, which does not require complex preparatory work- sufficiently even and in good condition subfloor or screed.
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Why are more and more often choosing a film option for underfloor heating
The fact that underfloor heating is an efficient and very comfortable type of heating became clear as soon as it began to conquer the market, but its wide distribution was hampered by two factors:
- the first is a rather high price financial investments at the installation stage and not always obvious and quick economic benefits;
- the second is associated with the complexity of installation, namely the need for a new screed, which almost always means full-scale repair work- therefore, warm floors were mainly installed in new country houses or in apartments in new buildings, that is, where in any case it was necessary to make a screed.
A number of advantages of film floors
One of the important advantageous difference of film floors from traditional electric or water ones is that they can be mounted directly under the finishing floor covering, and there are no special restrictions on the type of material. It is allowed to lay a film underfloor heating under a laminate, ceramic tile, linoleum, and even - a choice floor covering very wide and limited only by the preferences of the owner or the need to match a certain interior style.
Principle of operation
The film warm floor also has a second name - infrared, determined by the principle of its operation, which gives high efficiency, more than 90%. Based on the operating principle of film warm floors lies the use of carbon fiber, which serves as a heating element, and its work is activated electricity converted to infrared radiation.
This type of floor can significantly reduce energy consumption, as some specifications carbon, in particular, the high thermal conductivity of the material, contribute to this.
Do-it-yourself installation of a film underfloor heating video:
Drawing up a scheme for connecting a warm floor
If the installation of such a variant of the warm floor is done correctly, then it is absolutely safe, in addition, it is not afraid of small mechanical damage - this will not lead to it. complete renovation, but it is enough to change, repair or disable a specific section. As for other underfloor heating, installation of this type should be carried out only in a part of the room free from furniture, therefore it is necessary to develop a floor connection scheme with accurate application of all its elements to it, and especially temperature sensor, which, to ensure correct operation, must be located under the maximum open floor area.
trailer stacking
Features of installation of film underfloor heating
Foundation preparation
A film floor requires an even base (height differences should not exceed 3 mm per 1 m²), which must be cleaned of any construction debris and dust, for this you can use a household vacuum cleaner. Usually, this species underfloor heating can be laid on an existing base, but if the surface has minor defects, they should be leveled with a thin screed.
Note!
In the event that the floor is completely in critical condition, a new draft base will be required.
Heat and waterproofing measures
After the surface of the base is ready, the heat-insulating layer is mounted. It is recommended to use foil types of insulation, which will ensure not only the safety of heat, but also direct it into the room. You can use penofol, penoppropylene or polystyrene foam. In cases where a film underfloor heating is laid under the tile, technical cork or mineral wool can be used as a heat-insulating material.
If a warm floor is installed in a bathroom, in a kitchen or in a closed loggia, it is imperative that a layer must be laid before thermal insulation. waterproofing material, in other rooms it is not prohibited, but there is no special need for it. In the bathroom, instead of two layers: hydro- and heat-insulating, only a layer of waterproofing is allowed, but on condition that this is not the first floor, but the room located on the floor below is heated. In addition to horizontal insulation, in some cases it may be necessary to perform vertical insulation, for example, the wall of the room faces the leeward or north side.
Preparation of heating elements for installation
First, according to a predetermined scheme, segments of the film are prepared, but always taking into account the fact that the laying will be carried out in such a way that they do not overlap and do not touch. The manufacturer indicates the places where the film should be cut, but if necessary, it can be cut in any other place, but only strictly between the heating strips. After that, you should insulate the ends of the cut strips and for this you can use a special electrical tape or adhesive tape:
- if the cut of the film coincides with the factory one, then only the plates need insulation;
- when a cut is made between the heating strips, the entire edge of the film along the width is subject to insulation.
Installation of film underfloor heating
The next step is to lay the prepared heating elements on the prepared base, according to the scheme, and mark the places for the strobes for wiring and the thermal sensor. It should be noted that the scheme for connecting a film underfloor heating, or rather its compilation, is very milestone work and should not be neglected, since in this case, even on preparatory stage, you can correct existing errors and, if necessary, make adjustments.
Film laying
Connecting a thermal sensor and thermostat
The first to be mounted is a thermal sensor, which is connected to bottom side films. And for the safety and durability of the operation of a warm film floor, it is recommended to lay all the wires, as well as the temperature sensor, using a corrugated tube. When installing a warm film floor, it is necessary to observe the correct connection of the heating strips: they must be connected in parallel. The installation of the thermostat is carried out after all the contact connections wires and film clips.
Then the resistance indicators are measured, the data on which can be found either in the instructions for the film floor, or on the back of the warranty card.
Note!
If you plan to do the installation yourself, you need to take into account that this stage is carried out before the start of work on the thermal and waterproofing of the floor, and after completion, the surface is cleaned.
How to lay the flooring correctly and perform the first switch-on
Dense polyethylene is used as a protective layer between the heating elements and the floor covering, which should be laid “overlapping” (~ 20 cm).
Next, the final floor covering is laid. If the latter is used ceramic tile, then you need to choose the type of glue that will not aggressive environment for heating elements. In addition, you should allow time for the screed to dry completely (about 2 weeks) and only after that you can turn on the underfloor heating for the first time. And the floor prepared for, parquet, carpet, floorboard and other materials, is laid directly on the protective film.
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The market for heating systems film underfloor heating from exotic species heating systems have already become a popular, efficient and quite economical alternative to classical systems. The reason is simple - the appearance of modern film materials, which are relatively inexpensive and accessible, do not require serious capital expenditures when equipping the premises and are quickly mounted, including independently with minimal skills.
This article will become detailed analysis features of infrared film underfloor heating made in Russia and South Korea. You will learn a lot of useful things, in particular:
note that here we consider infrared floor heating as an additional source of heat in residential premises. If you are interested in the installation of underfloor heating film as the main view heating system, we recommend using a heating ceiling based on appropriate film materials. This is much more efficient.
Types, device and principle of operation of infrared film floors
Most used on Russian market film materials for organizing a warm floor are of South Korean or domestic origin. This is due to several factors:
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uniform heating of the material over almost the entire area;
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convenient standard sizes: mainly roll deliveries with a length of 100 m of various widths (500-1000 mm) with a cutting step of 200-250 mm;
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several types of power in the range of 110-400 W / sq.m;
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record quality guarantees (10-20 years of operation);
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the optimal cost available to most consumers.
by the most well-known manufacturers infrared film materials are Q-Term, heat plus, RexVA, STEM Energy, « Hit-Light and several other companies. These are carbon-based electric heaters supplied in coils, the features of which we will analyze.
Installation of a film underfloor heating includes laying a special film, across which carbon-fiber heaters are located (see figure), which have a linear shape.
These heaters have a strictly calculated resistivity. With the passage of an electric current here Electric Energy converted into thermal, that is, the film is heated. The resulting heat is evenly distributed over the entire surface, quickly warming up the coating of your finished floor.
current-carrying copper strips(tires) are located on both edges of the roll. A variety of standard sizes and marking of cut lines allows you to cut the film material right on the spot with virtually no loss. In addition, due to the great flexibility, elasticity and minimum thickness (total 0.338 mm) the material adheres perfectly to any surface, without requiring its special preparation when installing a film underfloor heating. Weight of one "square" electric heater 0.4 kg.
The main types of power of South Korean films: 150, 220, 300, 400 W/sq.m(there are also less common options). The width of the material most often has the following steps: 0.5, 0.8 and 1.0 m. All South Korean heaters have proven themselves perfectly. The main thing is the exact connection diagram of the film underfloor heating, quality installation according to the provided instructions and correct operation. Many of these heaters are suitable not only for equipping underfloor heating, but also for heating ceilings (including as the main sources of heat).
Among Russian manufacturers infrared electric heaters special place located ZEBRA EVO-300 WF. This is a great company development. PSO "Evolution", which gained fame after the release of popular heaters for heating ceilings (ZEBRA EVO-300 of the PRO and SOFT series). EVO-300 WF was created specifically for underfloor heating. "Zebra" is a modular device, equipped with ground loop and corps of aluminum foil .
The main advantage of "Zebra" WF - one-sided thermal radiation, at which up to 95% of the energy goes directly to heating, providing a record efficiency of the system.
Approximate wiring diagram for underfloor heating film ZEBRA EVO-300 WF presented below. The user manual can be downloaded.
Advantages of film underfloor heating
There are many advantages to underfloor heating, here are just the most basic advantages that are highlighted by everyone who installed a film underfloor heating:
Rapid heating of the room. Direct impact on the floor material significantly increases the heating rate compared to the vast majority of alternative systems.
Ease and simplicity of installation.
There is no need to make a screed: the material fits perfectly under most types of finishing coating: laminate, linoleum or carpet.
The room loses practically nothing in height (we remind you that the thickness of the electric heaters is only 0.388 mm).
You can be completely calm, no water leaks threaten you.
The infrared system works completely invisibly and completely silently, everything happens in automatic mode according to your settings.
The control is carried out using a thermostat, which is equipped with an external temperature sensor that responds to changes in parameters within 0.5 degrees.
The manufacturer guarantees the perfect functioning of the infrared floor heating from 10 to 20 years(depending on the specific company). The actual service life of electric heaters exceeds 25 years.
Cons of film underfloor heating
We do not idealize underfloor heating at all and objectively admit that it also has disadvantages. The disadvantages of such heating include:
The high cost of heating for rooms with a very large area and high ceilings.
temperature limits. According to SanPiN (SNiP RF 41-01-2003 "Heating, ventilation and air conditioning"), the floor surface in rooms where people are constantly located should not heat up above 26 ° C. And the temperature of the floor where people are temporarily allowed to be raised to 31 ° C. Attempts to excessively raise the temperature of the floor (when the temperature is -30 ° C and below) will lead to discomfort: it will become too hot to walk on it.
Installation of film underfloor heating is possible only on open areas free from furniture without legs. Otherwise, there is a threat of critical overheating of the film and its premature failure.
The system dries the air. This is due to the natural convection of air during heating. This is especially evident when using infrared floor heating as the main source of heating. In this case, we recommend installing humidifiers.
Energy consumption of film underfloor heating
To find out maximum flow electricity system, it is enough to pay attention to the labeling. For example, with a heater power of 220 W/sq.m per 1 hour of operation, 1 "square" of an electric underfloor heating consumes 220 Wh (0.22 kWh). At the same time, please note that the main energy consumption occurs when the room is heated, and maintaining the set temperature requires periodic switching on, the frequency of which depends on the heat loss of the building envelope, as well as the parameters you set on the thermostat. Of course, the thermal insulation of the object should be at least at the level of the recommendations of the SNiP of the corresponding region.
The temperature sensor is located directly on the surface of the film material, under the fine finish of the floor. Imagine that you set the thermostat to 26 ° C, which is most comfortable for you. When this temperature value is reached, the sensor will fix it, give a signal to the control device, and the thermostat will turn off the power. Then the floor will gradually cool down, and the speed of the process directly depends on the level of heat loss - and the thermostat will again supply power to the electric heaters.
Thus, the actual power consumption at a particular facility directly depends on the frequency of switching on / off the system. The greater the heat loss, the higher the consumption. We recommend that you always insulate the floor (a layer of ordinary building insulation 100 mm thick). In this case, the specific average power consumption will be about 20-30W per 1 sq.m of heated area.
The most common mistake buyers make with electric underfloor heating is that they want to insulate their floor with it. But the film material does not retain heat: its task is to generate thermal energy. And to keep the received heat should special heaters, which must be provided in the constructive floor. Modern market offers a lot available options heaters from various firms from different materials("Knauff", "Isoverr", expanded polystyrene, etc.) with a thickness of 30 to 100 mm (thickness is selected depending on climatic features region and design of the object of insulation).
What will happen if the installation of the underfloor heating film is made without insulation? In some cases, the system can handle heating your space, but in most cases, it can't. Without insulation, thermal energy will simply be lost, go into the atmosphere, into the ground, or be absorbed by ceilings. But in any case, the excessive consumption of electricity is inevitable, because the system will have to work almost constantly to compensate for heat loss.
Is it possible to use special substrates up to 5 mm thick, because they also reduce thermal conductivity? Yes, such a substrate is better than nothing at all. However, the effectiveness of insulation is manifested when the minimum thickness of the insulation material in the floor structure is from 100 mm.
Calculation of film underfloor heating
For the efficiency of the infrared floor heating, the correct preliminary calculation of its power is important. Let's give an example in which a warm floor is planned to be used as additional heat source(that is, the boiler works in parallel or central heating). In this case, it is enough to cover with a film up to 50 % gender.
To begin with, we determine the useful area of \u200b\u200bheating. Effective area- these are only its open areas, not occupied by furniture, etc. In the figure below, the room shows that effective area heating is 8.6 sq.m(S = 4.1 x 2.1 m).
Based on the size of the usable area, we select the standard sizes and the number of film electric heaters, while it is desirable to close the entire usable area to the maximum. Here we will use the South Korean film capacity 150 W/sq.m with width 500 mm. It will turn out 4 segments of 4 meters, that is, 8 sq.m of electric heaters with a total capacity 1.2 kW(8 sq.m x 150 W/sq.m = 1200 W). We get the load current 5.5 A(1200W / 220V = 5.5A).
We recommend drawing up a laying plan before installation. On it you will need to mark the place of laying the film segments, the distance between the strips, the connection diagram of the film underfloor heating, including the location of the power wires and the temperature sensor coming from the thermostat.
Note! It is strictly not allowed to lay electric heaters with an overlap! Along the perimeter, indents from walls and stationary heating systems should be provided along 10-20 cm. Between the strips of heaters, an indent of up to 50 mm.
Another very important point. At the site where the installation is planned film underfloor heating, must have additional electrical power. Quite often, in its absence and high energy consumption (the system operates in several rooms at the same time, including as the main one), network congestion problem. This leads to the constant operation of the introductory machine and other troubles.
In order to avoid such problems in the future, it is necessary to design the parameters of the power supply of the facility in connection with the additional electric power warm floor.
The choice of the section of the electric cable for the film floor heating
Section selection electric cable for underfloor heating film is made depending on area of materials used and correspondingly, power of individual groups of film heaters. These recommendations are made taking into account the rules for the installation of electrical installations (PUE), as well as taking into account the underestimated wire cross-section data of some manufacturers. So, a wire marked 2.5 sq. mm actually turns out to have a cross section of 2-2.1 sq. mm. Below is a table with the recommended cross section copper wire, depending on the maximum area heaters and power of one group.
| Film heater power (W/sqm) | Cross section of copper wire (sq.mm) | Recommended max area of film heaters of one group (sq.m) |
| 150 | 1,5 | up to 12 |
| 150 | 2,5 | 12 to 20 |
| 150 | 4,0 | 20 to 30 |
| 220 | 1,5 | up to 8 |
| 220 | 2,5 | 8 to 14 |
| 220 | 4,0 | from 14 to 24 |
If the area of the heaters of a group exceeds the values indicated in the table, then when connected, they must be divided into subgroups of the allowable area in accordance with the recommendations. Example: 28 square meters of infrared floor heating with a power of 150 W / sq. m can easily be divided into 2 subgroups of 14 "squares". In this case, each subgroup is connected to the power line with a separate wire with a cross section of 2.5 sq. mm.
Note! The choice of the cross section of the power wire for connecting an electric floor heating is very important. If you install wires with an underestimated cross section (relative to the recommended one), this threatens to overheat the wire, melt the insulating layer, which can lead to fire!
Temperature controllers for underfloor heating film
The thermostat is the control device, or simply the brain of the film heating system. It is he who allows you to automatically control and manage the heating process, maintaining a pre-set temperature. The main difference between thermostats for underfloor heating - remote temperature sensor, which is located on the surface of the film, immediately under the fine finish of the floor.
We constantly monitor the equipment market, selecting temperature controllers for our customers, which can definitely be trusted to control the underfloor heating film. These devices include RTC 70.26, RTC E 31.116, E 51.716, E 91.716 and some others. You can freely find a description of the advantages and a connection diagram for each device on our website.
Accessories and tools for underfloor heating film
This includes almost everything that can be included in the system, from the substrate to the machines, adhesive tape and connecting contacts to the tools that will be needed during installation. Consider the required components using the same example that was used above. So, the useful heating area is 8.6 sq.m, there are 4 film segments, the total power of the heaters is 1.2 kW. According to these data, we will choose Additional materials and hardware:
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Substrate for heaters. An isolon with a thickness of up to 5 mm and an area of 10 sq.m is ideal here. This is both additional thermal insulation and protection of the film from accidental damage on the base of the floor. Attention! The substrate must be without metal coating (aluminum foil).
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Polyethylene. Performs a protective function against accidental water leaks. Enough 10 m² of polyethylene with a thickness of 50 microns.
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Circuit breaker for 10 A - 1 pc.
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Modular box (for 4 modules).
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Wire PuGV 1 x 1.5 sq. mm - 2 pieces of red and of blue color 10 running meters.
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Connecting clips (clips) - 2 pcs. per heater + spare pair, total 10 pcs.
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Bituminous tape for insulating the ends of the films (based on 30 pieces of 50 x 50 mm: 6 for each electric heater plus a small margin).
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Household (ordinary) adhesive tape for fixing materials.
Mounting tools: screwdriver, wire cutters, pliers, assembly knife, scissors, electric tester.
Scheme of connection of a film heat-insulated floor
Film floor heating works from a standard network 220 V, 50 Hz. Connecting films to the network - parallel. circuit diagram connecting a film underfloor heating (again, we focus on our example) is presented below.
1
. Estimated group load data.
2
. Circuit breaker 10 A.
3
. Temperature controller RTC 70.26.
4
. Group wires PuGV 1 x 1.5 sq. mm.
5
. Insulation of the connection point of the group wire to the film.
6
. Insulation of current-carrying copper bars at the ends of the strip.
7
. Remote temperature sensor.
Preparation and installation of a warm film floor
Underfloor heating can be installed under almost any fine finish: laminate and parquet, linoleum and carpet, parquet board. We recommend entrusting installation work to professionals. However, this does not mean that the installation cannot be done independently - you just need to have knowledge of electrical engineering and follow step-by-step instructions. For example, we present a video in which specialists perform installation of infrared film underfloor heating firms heat plus.
The video clearly explains correct sequence installation of underfloor heating film. In addition, we focus your attention on several important issues that many users face:
. After cutting, the South Korean film material must be laid copper strip down. This does not affect the level of heating, since the radiation goes in both directions. On one side, the contact clamps “stick out” a little. It is she who fits "face" into the floor and is recessed into the cutout of the isolone substrate. This ensures the most even surface for finishing the floor.
. Necessarily insulate with bituminous tape places for cutting the copper bus when cutting the roll, which are located at the ends of the strips.
. Group wires can be connected with special connectors (clamps) or soldering. High-quality soldering is more reliable, but if you do not have the skills of these works, then special clamps will help out in this case. It's easy to do it step by step:
1 . Use a screwdriver or utility knife to pry up the cover over the tire cut, insert the clamp plate between the layers to ensure contact.
2 . Connect the connectors to each of the two electrodes, gently crimp them first with your fingers and then with pliers.
3 . Insert the mounting wires into the cylindrical sockets of the connectors and crimp with pliers or pliers.
Note! Incorrectly installed and loose connectors cause overheating electrical circuit and system failure!
. All connections are insulated with butyl rubber insulating tape(segment 50 x 50 mm), after which the contact is “kneaded” with fingers. It is necessary to ensure that the connecting clips are located in the middle of the piece of adhesive tape (see photo).
. To place connections and group wires, we recommend preparing special grooves in thermal insulation, where and fix them with ordinary tape. So they will not interfere with the laying of the coating. The temperature sensor should be installed in the same way.
Note! Start laying the fine finish of the floor should only be after finishing commissioning . They include the inclusion of a film underfloor heating with a set temperature of 30 ° C. Then the performance of each heater strip is checked, the total load is measured (in our example it is 5.5 A).
You can profitably buy infrared film underfloor heating and all accessories for it in our online store, link below.
Increased focus on infrared warm floors quite
justified, because specifications of this innovation system heating
demonstrate a number of advantages and allow you to equip an energy-efficient home.
Infrared film underfloor heating - what is it
Infrared floor heating is popular due to its unique principle
work. Although it is a kind of electric warm
floor (because it requires electricity to function),
infrared floor is much more economical and safer than its predecessor.
The principle of operation of IR underfloor heating is based on the release
thermal energy in the infrared range. Long wavelength radiation heats up
person and the surface of surrounding objects: furniture, walls. And they, in their
turn, being a secondary source of heat (reflectors) heat the air in
room. This approach to home heating allows you to subjectively feel the heat up to
how the air warms up.
Advantages and disadvantages of infrared underfloor heating
- no electromagnetic radiation;
- simultaneous damage to the entire system is reduced to zero,
due to parallel connection of blocks;
- mounting on any surface (horizontal, vertical,
oblique) does not cause difficulties;
- uniform heating of the floor surface. What is very important when
an infrared warm floor is installed under the laminate;
- do-it-yourself installation will not be difficult;
- it is possible to dismantle the film, for example, when moving;
- installation of the floor is possible in any room
(including wet) and under any type of coating;
- we allow the installation of the film in an open room (veranda,
terrace) and closed (rooms in an apartment or house, office, warehouse, etc.);
- high heat transfer (97%) and efficiency (30% higher according to
compared to other electric underfloor heating systems).
- the need to comply with the rules of connection and operation
systems;
- not recommended as the main source of heating
due to the high inertia of the system (heats up quickly, cools down quickly);
- unlike a water heated floor, film is unstable to
mechanical stress and damage.
Types of infrared film underfloor heating
Despite the relative novelty of the infrared
heating, manufacturers offer several varieties of them:
- film infrared heat-insulated floor. The essence of this system
is that heating element is a fiber laid
between two layers of plastic film. The heating film is flexible,
strength, wear resistance, besides it is a good dielectric.
In turn, the film floor has its own varieties. AT
The division is based on the composition of the heating element:
- carbon - carbon-graphite;
- bimetallic - copper and aluminum.
The first system became more widespread among
users.
- rod infrared heat-insulated floor. The feature of the system in
the fact that the function of the heating element is performed by carbon rods,
connected by wire. This is the most innovative of the systems that allow
reduce heating costs by 60% (compared to other systems).
The ubiquity of carbon rod floors is hindered only by their
high price.
Comparison of these systems for specific conditions
functioning, will make it possible to find out which infrared warm floor
better.
Do-it-yourself installation of infrared floor heating
Installation instructions for infrared film underfloor heating
consists of a series of successive stages, which need to be studied in detail in order to
exclude the possibility of an error:
- Creation (development) of the project and calculation.
- Selection of equipment and materials.
- Installation of the IR warm floor system.
- Test run (verification).
- Clean finish.
Stage 1 - project development and calculation
An important feature of installing an infrared film floor
is that it is not mounted under furniture. Thus, starting
calculation required amount material and determining the place of laying the film
you need to subtract the area under which the film will not be laid.
Note. For the system to be considered effective, the film
should cover at least 80% of the surface of the room in case the film
the floor will be the main heating system of the house/apartment and at least 40% if
auxiliary (alternative, additional).
Calculation of infrared film underfloor heating
- calculation of the total area of the premises: Sp \u003d a * b * 2;
- calculation of the heating area Sb \u003d Sp - (X, Y, Z)
a, b - length and width of the room, m;
Sb - heating area, sq.m.;
X, Y, Z - fixed and / or low-standing interior items
(furniture, Appliances etc.).
Note. Calculation of the heated area is made with
taking into account the fact that the IR film is laid no closer than 100 mm to any
vertical (adjacent) surface or object.
After calculating the heated area, you need to calculate
sufficient system power. Be aware that the power range
heating film is 150-220 W/sq.m.
Calculation of energy consumption of infrared floor heating
The energy consumption indicator for the film floor can be
calculate by the formula: E \u003d Sp * k * T
Where, E - energy consumption, W / h;
Sp - total area premises sq. m.;
k - conversion factor (depends on the installed
temperature, if the system is turned on by 40% - the coefficient will be 0.4);
T - thermal power floor.
Infrared floor heating costs are easy to calculate,
knowing the electricity tariff in a particular region.
Calculation of the power of infrared floor heating
It is possible that the area of the room is sufficient
large and for the installation of a film heating system, it is necessary to use
several sets of infrared film - in this case, their power
summed up. P total = P1 + P2 + ... + Pi,
If part of the kit was used, the calculation is made according to
formula:
P total = 110 L
P total - the total power of the film floor, W;
P1…Pi is the power of a single set of film, W.
L is the length of the infrared film that is used when
installation;
110 – film floor power conversion factor.
Calculation of the number of thermostats and their installation location
Thermostat function for infrared floor heating -
adjust the heating level.
With regard to the quantity, you should know that when
connection of several sets of film flooring, it is necessary to install
several thermostats, because the power consumption of a warm floor
summed up.
Install the thermostat preferably at a height of at least
150-200 mm. above the level of the finish coating, and for comfortable use on
a height of about a meter (the height of the sockets). The second option is possible if the installation
Infrared floor heating systems are made before the repair work is carried out.
Advice. The thermostat is placed on the wall
located perpendicular to the direction of laying the strips. This approach will allow
reduce wire length.
The thermostat is mounted next to the electrical wiring hidden or
external way.
When the permissible load on the thermostat is exceeded
There are two connection options:
- zoning and connecting each zone to its own thermostat;
- inclusion in the circuit of a solid state relay or magnetic
starter. In this case, the system will be controlled by one relay. Such
connection requires certain knowledge, which requires the involvement of an electrician.
The scheme of laying infrared film for underfloor heating includes
includes an indication of the direction of placement of the bands. Manufacturers and craftsmen
recommend laying the film along the longer side, this will reduce
the number of cuts of the heating film on the turns.
Rules for placement (laying) of infrared floor film:
- the first row of film should be placed no closer than 100 mm. to
wall (or to another object), but no further than 400 mm;
- film cut line pitch – 250 mm. cut film in others
places is prohibited;
- the distance between adjacent film strips is at least 10
mm.;
- extremely allowable length floor strips - 8,000 mm.
The project of infrared film underfloor heating should
contain:
- calculation of usable area;
- calculation of system power;
- the place of installation of the thermostat (and their number, if
installation of underfloor heating in a large room);
- the direction of laying the film strips;
- number of stripes (depending on the width of the film).
The result of the design should be an installation scheme that
needed to fulfill installation work, and for further
operation and repair.
Stage 2 - selection of equipment and building materials
Film underfloor heating is sold as a kit, which includes:
- infrared film for underfloor heating;
- connecting clips;
- scotch;
- thermostat;
- temperature sensor.
Note. The set depends on the manufacturer. For example,
heat plus, caleo systems contain everything you need to work.
Additionally you need to buy:
- electrical wire (preferably copper, stranded,
section 1.5-2.5 mm);
- thermal insulation material. Electric infrared
underfloor heating allows the use of any type of insulation: foil
film (polymer-coated), polyethylene foam, natural cork and
etc.
- waterproofing film;
Tool: mounting knife, scissors, pliers, screwdriver,
wire cutters, adhesive tape, hammer, tester, drill bit (nozzle for a drill), puncher,
square, pencil.
Stage 3 - installation of infrared floor heating
Step-by-step instructions for beginners with no experience in construction:
1. Preparation (learning security measures)
If the work is performed by a non-professional, you need to familiarize yourself with
installation technique and safety measures:
- minimize walking on the laid film. Protection
films from mechanical damage, possible when moving along it,
achieved through the use of soft covering material (thickness from 5
mm);
- do not allow installation of heavy objects on the film;
- prevent the instrument from falling onto the film.
Safety rules for installing IR floor heating:
- It is forbidden to connect a heating element to the power supply
film rolled up;
- film installation is carried out with no power supply;
- connection to the power supply is carried out strictly according to SNiP and
PUE;
- film installation rules are observed (length, indents,
no overlaps, etc.);
- only suitable insulation is used;
- installation of the film under furniture and other heavy
items;
- installation of a film under low-standing objects is excluded.
These are all items that have air gap between the bottom
surface and floor less than 400 mm;
- contact of the film with communications, fittings and
other obstacles;
- isolation of all contacts (terminals) and lines is ensured
cut conductive copper busbars;
- the film floor is not installed in rooms where high
risk of frequent water ingress;
- obligatory installation of an RCD (protective device
shutdowns);
- break, cut, bend the heating cable;
- mount the film at temperatures below -5 °C.
2. Preparation of the thermostat installation site
Includes wall chasing (for wires and sensor
temperature) to the floor and drilling a hole for the appliance. Power on
the thermostat is supplied from the nearest outlet.
Advice. It is advisable to lay the wires in the corrugation, this technique
will simplify Maintenance and repairs if necessary.
3. Foundation preparation
Infrared film is laid only on a flat and clean surface.
surface. Horizontal deviation of the surface exceeding 3 mm is also
unacceptable. Masters recommend treating the surface with a primer.
Note. Dismantling of the old floor (rough) is not required,
if its surface is not satisfactory.
4. Laying the waterproofing film
The function of the waterproofing film is to protect the electrical
underfloor heating system from moisture coming from below.
5. Installation of thermal insulation material
As evidenced by user reviews - insulation
allows you to increase the heating efficiency due to the fact that heat does not escape
way down. However, when installing an infrared floor heating system on the second floor -
rarely anyone used a heater, because. thermal energy will warm
ceiling between the first and second floors.
Advice. Foil insulation should be laid metallized
side to the floor.
6. Laying infrared floor heating
- drawing markings for laying on the floor;
- preparation of a strip of film of the desired length. note
you can cut the film only along the cut line;
- the film is located towards the wall, which
designed to install a thermostat. Oriented strip copper
heater down;
- the recommended distance from the wall of 100 mm is maintained;
- the recommended distance (gap) between
edges of infrared film sheets of 50-100 mm (film overlap is not
allowed);
- strips near the walls are glued to the insulation with adhesive tape
(squares, but not a solid strip). This will avoid shifting the canvas.
7. Installation of clips
At the ends of the copper bus you need to attach metal
clamps. When installing, it is necessary that one side of the clamp fits between the copper
tire and film. And the second was located above the copper surface. Crimping in progress
evenly, without distortion.
8. Connecting the wires of the infrared floor
The wires are installed on the clamp, followed by
insulation and tight crimping. The ends of the copper bus are also insulated in place
cutting. Complied with requirement parallel connection wires (right with
right, left to left). In order not to get confused, it is convenient to use a wire of different
colors. Then the wires will be laid under the plinth.
Advice. To prevent the clip with the wire from protruding above the film, its
can be placed in a heater. A square is pre-cut in the insulation
under clamp.
9. Installing the temperature sensor for the thermostat
Installation of a temperature sensor for underfloor heating film
10. Connecting the infrared floor heating to the thermostat
Wiring diagram for film floor heating thermostat
Connecting a thermostat for infrared floor heating
Stage 4 - test launch of the system (check)
Test connection of infrared floor heating is mandatory
stage before laying the final floor covering.
The normal laying of the film floor is evidenced by:
- absence of extraneous noise (cod);
- lack of spark;
- uniform heating of the film.
Additionally, the reliability of the isolation of places is checked
wire connection.
Stage 5 - fine finishing
Before installing the floor covering, the film floor
cover with plastic wrap (100-200 microns). Further work is carried out in
in accordance with the instructions for laying the floor covering.
The specifics of laying the film floor under different types coatings
shown in the picture:
Infrared underfloor heating under laminate (pie) - infrared underfloor heating under laminate, parquet board
Infrared warm floor wooden floor fit
the same way.
Infrared warm floor under linoleum (pie) - infrared warm floor under linoleum, carpet
Infrared underfloor heating under tiles (pie) - infrared underfloor heating under tiles, stone
Masters do not advise using a film floor under a tile,
due to the need to perform "wet" work, which reduces heat transfer
gender.
Operation of infrared film underfloor heating
- when a significant amount of water gets on the film
floor, it must be immediately turned off and dried (naturally);
- do not turn on the system in order, for example, to dry
carpet after wet cleaning);
- it is not allowed to fasten something (for example, a limiter
doors or skirting boards) using hardware. They will damage the film sections;
- it is forbidden to spread carpets, blankets on the floor,
metallized films (foil), as well as rearrange furniture. It may
cause the system to overheat.
Video instruction for installation of infrared floor
Infrared film underfloor heating is used under different types decorative coating - tiles, parquet boards, linoleum and others. The scheme for laying it with your own hands is quite simple. You can get ready-made underfloor heating in a few hours.
What is infrared underfloor heating?
This type floor heating formed from heating elements of the film type. They are made from polyethylene. Inside the film floor is filled with carbon paste.
Separate heating sections are interconnected by copper bars, which are also soldered into the structure. When the film floor is connected to the network, the carbon elements begin to generate heat. The resulting infrared radiation is characterized by a wavelength of 5 to 20 microns.
A feature of this heating system is that it does not dry out the air, which is observed when using traditional radiators. The created environment is the most comfortable for a person.
Warm air is concentrated at a level of up to 1.5 m. From above, the temperature is slightly lower. Such air parameters are considered ideal for human stay.
Infrared underfloor heating
Another advantage of this system is that the infrared radiation produced by it heats all surrounding objects. So in a simple way its efficiency increases several times. At the same time, there is no complete Negative influence for humans or pets.
Laying and connection of underfloor heating film type
Installing a warm film floor with your own hands is not difficult if you know a few secrets and follow the instructions from the manufacturers.
Foundation preparation
The film floor can be laid on the old coating. In this case, there are only restrictions on the quality of the foundation. It should be even, and the differences should not be more than 3 mm. If the base does not meet the standards, a thin screed is poured.
Installation of infrared film underfloor heating DAEWOO
At the next stage, a place is being prepared for the installation of a thermostat. In the wall at a height of 20-25 cm from the floor surface using a drill with special nozzle a hole is made with a depth of 1-2 cm (the size depends on the model of the thermostat). From the recess, a strobe is cut through, which should reach the floor. In the future, cables will be laid in the groove formed to connect the underfloor heating to the network and the thermostat.
Also to get effective system under the heating elements it is necessary to lay waterproofing. You can use normal polyethylene film not less than 50 microns thick. During laying, all joints are securely sealed with adhesive tape.
After installing the plastic film, do-it-yourself thermal insulation is installed. The basis of this material should be a metallized lavsan or polypropylene film. The use of thermal insulation coated with aluminum foil is unacceptable.
Underfloor heating calculation
Do-it-yourself laying scheme infrared heating implies:
Floor heating device
The do-it-yourself scheme for laying and connecting heating elements is as follows:
- The installation of the thermal film takes place towards the wall where the thermostat will be placed. Which side to lay it - does not depend on the manufacturer or the power of the heating elements. Any thermal film is installed with a copper strip down. The individual strips must not overlap.
- The current-carrying wire is stripped at the end (8-10 mm). The prepared tail is installed inside the contact clamp.
- The clamp together with the wires is installed on the film heating element. One of its ends should be located on the copper bus, and the other - inside the structure. Pliers are used for secure fixation.
- The insulation of the place where the copper bus is cut and the place where the electrical wire is connected is carried out using vinyl mastic tape.
- The number of connection points should be minimal, but for effective work maximum length one lane - 8 m. All elements are interconnected in parallel.
- Before connecting the system to the thermostat, it is tested. It is important to find out what load will fall on the device. If it is at least 20% less than the value indicated in the thermostat's passport, you can continue installing underfloor heating.
- The temperature sensor is installed under the film closer to the middle of the second section. To mount it, you need to cut a hole in thermal insulation material and base of the appropriate size. To lay the cable to the thermostat, you also need to make a small groove.
- The wires through which the infrared floor heating is connected to the thermostat and the network are led to the baseboard. This will reduce the level of pressure on them from the flooring. To remove them, a shallow groove is made in the heat-insulating substrate. After laying the wires, they are fixed with tape. Near the wall, the cables must not protrude beyond the thermal insulation. To do this, a deeper groove is made in this area for their installation.
- The heating elements are connected to the thermostat in the same way as other underfloor heating systems. The mounting scheme is indicated by the manufacturer on the instrument case. Most often, a cable from the network is connected to 1, 2 sockets, a warm floor to 3, 4, and a temperature sensor to 6, 7. The ground wires are connected to each other with a terminal.
- After connecting all the elements of the system to the thermostat, the warm floor is put into operation. To test heating, set the maximum temperature that will provide optimal conditions in room. In this mode, there should be no overheating or sparking at the points of contact installation. The warm floor must have a stable temperature over the entire surface.
If the installation of a warm floor with your own hands was successful, proceed to the installation of the selected floor covering. Under it, a plastic film must be laid to protect the system from moisture.
Video: Detailed instructions for installing a Kaleo infrared film underfloor heating
One of the advantages of infrared film floors, according to manufacturers, is the ease of installation. However, as practice shows, the same problems occur during installation, which lead to unjustified costs.
Do-it-yourself installation of an infrared warm floor, subject to the operating instructions, is easy and takes only a few hours.
How to install IR floor heating
Heating of the room with the help of IR floors occurs by means of infrared radiation. Under the influence of electricity, carbon conductors heat up. IR rays form a film in which the heating elements are sealed.To install your own floors, please follow the instructions below. step by step instructions for installation. 
A detailed description of the installation is also given in the operating instructions supplied by the manufacturer.
How to connect the infrared floor to the network
Often the main mistakes are made precisely at the stage of connecting to the power grid. Incorrect installation of infrared film underfloor heating, erroneous voltage connection and incorrect installation of sensors occur in every third case of self-installation.How to do these jobs correctly? 
After completing the work and connecting the wires to electrical network, system health check is performed. Even before laying the finish coat, the floor is connected to the network and each section is checked to see how it works. Since the work of the floors is associated with infrared radiation, heating will be felt immediately.
Connecting a film underfloor heating with your own hands is quite simple. If you have certain skills, it will take 1-2 hours to install the heating system. It is enough to carefully follow the described step-by-step installation method in order to complete the work independently and quickly.
How to ground a warm IR floor
The grounding of the electric infrared film underfloor heating is carried out using foil tape. The adhesive tape is glued along the entire length of the film, as well as across. One of the ends is glued to the ground plate.When performing work, it must be remembered that infrared heat-insulated floors are laid only on a dry surface.
Grounding the floor must be done in without fail. It is especially important to do this if it is planned to operate the heating system in rooms with.
As additional measure automatic disconnecting devices are installed: automatic devices and RCDs. The operation of a film underfloor heating without grounding leads to the rejection of the manufacturer's warranty obligations.
What do you need to connect the floor, what tools
The easy-to-install film floor does not require the use of any specific or expensive tools during installation. It is quite possible to get by with the usual set:
Other tools and accessories for installation are selected depending on the installation method. finish coat. So, for pouring a solid concrete floor, you will need a mixer nozzle, a rule and other tools. Tiling may require a comb, level, etc.
Common floor installation mistakes
Despite the constantly repeated installation tips, apartment owners who decide to install the heating system on their own, and even professional teams, constantly make the same mistakes:- Laying the film floor on the wrong side. The copper contacts should lie "face" on the floor.
- Installation can only be carried out on a dry surface. Built in concrete screed the floor may only be turned on 30 days after pouring the mortar.
- Checking the performance of the film is carried out before laying the floor covering.
- Without a thermostat, the floor will not be able to be used for a long time. Installing sensors after laying the flooring is quite problematic.
- During installation, it is extremely important not to damage the film. Tears and cuts lead to rapid failure.
How much does it cost to install underfloor heating
Even with strict adherence to the recommendations for self installation warm infrared floor, it can be difficult to properly install the film. It is not surprising that most owners prefer to hire a competent craftsman who understands the installation principle well and can do all the work quickly and efficiently.
How much will the film floor cost.
- Self styling. If you choose the domestic BNK floor - 2370, then for 20 m², you will have to pay about 13,850 rubles. Excluding screed and other work. The price of the thermostat will be from 800 rubles. and higher. Calculating the cost of DEVI film flooring per 1 m² will increase the cost to 22890 for a room of 20 m².
- The cost of installing an infrared floor varies depending on the region of the Russian Federation and the contractor company, but in general it will be from 1500 to 2000 rubles. per m², taking into account the full cost Supplies and floor covering. It turns out that the total cost of a turnkey repair, with the installation of a laminate or linoleum, will be approximately 40,000 rubles. for a room of 20 m².
