Homemade wooden gates. How to make a wooden gate. Production and installation of gates

The gate is the calling card of the house as a whole. Their guests see first and they are the reflection financial well-being house owner. For this reason, any owner wants to make them beautiful, reliable and affordable. A wooden frame is the best solution.

Types of wooden gates

Swing gates are a classic look. At the heart of two canvases, open inward or outward. A lock is installed on the doors. The disadvantage of this type of design is that there must be space for opening and closing the valves.

If the area is small, then they will not fit. The best way when the gate opens inward. It has positive side for drivers - a free view of the road, especially when the exit from the site is located there;

Sliding type wooden gates are designed for objects with limited space for opening swing type gate leaves. The design is based on canvases with rollers moving along guides installed along the wall.

Minus the product - in winter time you need to carefully clean them from snow, and in autumn from foliage. For the installation of guides, space is needed along the fence so that the canvas opens without restrictions. At the same time, it is important that the fence is even, otherwise the installation of the guides will become impossible;

Wooden gate with lifting mechanism. One canvas at the base. It rises with a cord. The installation of the cord is carried out on the slack. He fixes the sash on the hinges. A counterweight is attached to the canvas to close it. Tip: the sash should be made like a fence, not a solid part. Otherwise, it will be difficult to get up.

Preparatory stage

First you need to draw a diagram of the proposed frame. This is necessary to draw up a general picture of the scope of work, budgeting, purchasing building material and preparation of the necessary base of tools.

Often the gates are made of a swing type with several leaves. The main material is pine. This tree is lightweight, unaffected environment. When drawing up a diagram, it is necessary to correctly combine all the components of the frame and the structure as a whole. Otherwise, subsidence and skew may occur in the future.

For the manufacture of wooden gates, the following material is required:

• wooden beam 7 X 5 cm and 5 X 5 cm (central crossbar of the sash);
• edged board (thickness 2.5 cm, width 1 cm);
• wooden beam for racks - 2 pieces, wooden dowels, 4 loops;
• electric jigsaw, planer, hammer, drills, drill, screwdriver, tape measure, wood saw, measuring angle for a right angle;
• varnish for wood coating, solvent;
• level, plumb line, chisel, self-tapping screws, sandpaper, brush;
• building material (gravel, sand, cement).

Tip: before buying wooden base it should be noted that the height of the gate must be at least 1200 mm. For sustainability wooden support is installed in the ground by 1 thousand mm.

Installation of gate supports

Wooden supports are pre-treated before laying in the ground to protect against dampness and insects. To do this, impregnation for wood is used to avoid rotting and damage by insects. The part of the wooden pole placed in the ground is protected from moisture with resin.

Installation in the ground is carried out only for supports on which there will be light canvases. If the soil is of a heaving type, then concreting of the supports is best avoided. The best way- backfilling or additional reinforcement.

The support is lowered to a depth of up to 1800 mm (depending on the weight of the door leaves). The stability of the wooden structure depends on the depth of installation of the support. A hole is dug with a shovel or drilled with a 100 - 200 mm drill larger diameter supports.

The support is lowered into a pit, previously rammed and covered with rubble, fixed with concrete. The installation site must be clean. The support is installed vertically in level. The further installation and operation of the gate depends on this. For better installation, the support must be raised to evenly distribute the concrete. The rest of the work is done after the concrete has hardened.

Building a wood frame

Fence installation

The frame for a standard gate made of wood is a standard box with four sides. With a gate opening size of 3 X 5, the frame should be 3 X 4. The tree for it is chosen to be resistant to changes in weather conditions. The frame is made smaller than the gate opening by 20 - 30 mm to take into account the space for the hinges and taking into account that the tree will become wider in the future when the gate swings.

Tip: the tree for the frame and for the fence must be of the same species. Whatever tree you choose, it is better to buy it with a margin so that it is enough for everything.

First you need to make blanks from a wooden beam. They must be of a certain size. For the gate leaf, you need one beam for the upper part and one for the bottom, several beams for connecting the middle, several for the side posts. The top of all parts must be processed with a planer and covered antiseptic to avoid rotting them in the future.

The stronger the installation of all parts, the stronger it will become wooden product generally. To attach the frame, you will need a dowel made of wood. The frame made of wood should have holes drilled through in the places where the fasteners are installed. They are placed treated with epoxy glue, wooden dowels. They are necessary for the rigidity of the structure. It is necessary to strengthen the fastening with self-tapping screws. The frame has various corner connections:

• installation on the "mustache" - with a through or deaf stud, dowels, flat and open studs, plug-in studs - flat deaf or open;
• splint;
• with glue.

A beam is fixed to the frame in the center in order to connect the skin with it. In the corner parts of the frame, slopes are installed - bars 30 - 40 cm long, having cuts of 45 0 at the end. The slopes on the ends of the bars are fixed with self-tapping screws.

It is important to take into account that when joining the gate leaves, the sheathing boards are 150–200 mm larger than the frame. The frame height is calculated taking into account these nuances. For example, the gate to ready-made have a height of 2 thousand mm, then the racks on the side should have a height of 1600 - 1700 mm.

Frame cladding and sash installation

For cladding, it is necessary to prepare the boards. To do this, they are cut according to the parameters that were previously calculated, then they are processed with a planer around the perimeter. Their installation on the gate frame is carried out with self-tapping screws.

Placement of boards is done through a certain distance or close to each other. This is a matter of taste of the owner. When placing in a certain step, it is better to use a template. The length of the template is equal to the length of the facing boards. According to the thickness of the template equal to the distance, which is planned between the boards.

After installing the cladding, upper part boards are cut. Do it in profile. Then all undercut parts are treated with sandpaper. The second half of the gate leaf is done in the same way.

Next, the installation is done directly. Self-tapping screws, which have a screw-type thread, are screwed into the frame, thereby securing the hinges on the sashes. To make it easier to screw in the screws, pre-drill a hole smaller than the head of the screw.

The gate and the ground must have a gap between them of at least 50 mm. This will facilitate the installation of tiles near the yard in the future.

For a long service life, the wooden gate frame is covered with protective varnish with the help of a brush. The coverage must be uniform. Special attention give the edges of the slats. They are more susceptible to moisture. If the climate is dry, two hours is enough to dry. If it is wet, then a day.

Is it possible to do wooden gate with your own hands, if you have absolutely no experience working with wood? In fact, the basic design of any gate is clear and simple - we will tell you everything key points and simple tricks in this interesting business.

Well, let's get started!

How to make a wooden gate with your own hands. Basic design.

For each sash, we need two blanks with an end cut at an angle.

How to make a spike

The connection with a straight spike and groove significantly increases the rigidity and strength of the structure. It also allows you to increase the bonding area, which also has a positive effect on the strength of the product. It is not difficult to make this connection, but accuracy is needed. Mark the workpiece with a pencil and make cuts at a distance of 5-6 mm from each other.

Then remove the excess wood with a chisel.

Repeat this procedure on the other side and the spike is ready.

How to cut a groove

Again, the main thing here is accuracy, so start with markup. Then drill a groove.

If you do not have a machine, then the same work can be done with a drill bit and a conventional drill.

Remove excess wood with a chisel, and check that the groove is the same depth along the entire length. If necessary, trim its depth with a chisel. We need three such grooves on each of the two blanks.

The upper crossbar for the sash will be the blank on which we made the spikes. The other two crossbars ordinary boards inserted into slots. But we also need to make sure the sash is rigid so that it doesn't warp under its own weight, so we'll add a diagonal. But for it you need to make a cut on our workpiece with spikes. For this, we assembled the sash - to mark the workpiece.

Now the work on the blanks is fully completed, and we can finally assemble the sash.

All connections should be glued and fastened with screws.

And the joints in the groove can be further tightened with bolts.

Drill through holes so that they pass through the spike. This will give the gate even more strength and extend its life.

Repeat the whole process from the very beginning for the second sash, and all the hard work in this project will be over!

We also sawed off the sharp ends of our vertical supports for purely aesthetic reasons.

How to install swing wooden gates with your own hands.

Since we already have concrete posts installed, we settled on these hinges - it is convenient to attach them to any surface.

It remains to make a constipation for the gate from a metal plate.

That's it, our gates are ready.

So we got to know basic design gate.

Wooden gates - design options.

Knowing how to work with the simplest design, with minimal additions, we can make almost any other options for wooden gates.

A simple sheathing with a chain-link mesh will make the gate as practical and cheap as possible at the same time. This is great option when you need to fence a large area.

Making wooden gates with your own hands is not the most difficult process if you know the sequence of operations and their nuances.

First of all, you need to decide on the type of gate, as well as the type of design. This will allow you to prepare the necessary materials and get to work.

Types of wooden gates

Like metal gates, wooden ones are divided according to the type of opening into the following groups:

• swing,
• retractable,
• lifting,
• folding (accordion).

At the same time, in all types, you can install a gate if the opening is large enough, or install it next to the gate as separate element barrier structure.

Regardless of which type was chosen, the design of wooden gates consists of support posts to which the door leafs will be attached. The second element is the fabric itself, made of a frame and sheathed wooden planks(less often plywood or OSB).

The main difference between the species from each other is the method of opening, and, accordingly, the method of fastening.

Swing fastened on loops to support pillars, retractable - to the guides along which they will move (there are two of them: lower and upper).

For lifting gate you will have to specifically purchase a lifting kit, which includes an electric motor, traction in the form of a chain or belt, as well as guides made of metal profiles.

Folding are assembled from several vertical sections interconnected by hinges. But the two extreme sections are attached to the supporting pillars.

All of the above models are installed in the form of fencing openings not only on the street, but also indoors, for example, in garages. Therefore, when the task is to build wooden gates in the garage with your own hands, you can choose any of the types.

As practice shows, most owners of private plots, houses and garages give their preference to swing gates as the simplest, cheapest and most convenient to use. They will be discussed.

Production and installation of swing wooden gates

First of all, the dimensions of the gate are determined. Usually these are two identical sashes, although there are options with different canvases. The width of the opening is determined taking into account the diameter of wooden poles, which are used as logs or timber, round pipes or rectangular section, other steel profiles. Minimum size sections of wooden racks - 30 cm, steel - 10 cm.

Along the edges of the opening, holes are dug on the same line with a depth of at least 1 m, with a diameter greater than the pillars by 10–20 cm. Sand 15 cm thick with a rammer is poured into them. Wooden racks are being processed bituminous mastic or cover with roofing material in a section 1 m long. The pillars are installed in holes and poured with concrete mortar.

Sash manufacturing

To assemble the sash frame, boards 50 mm thick and 100–150 mm wide are needed. Instead of boards, they also use wooden bars. The main task is to accurately fit their dimensions to the dimensions of the structure. Everything will depend on the height of the gate and the width of the opening. Therefore, four boards are prepared with a length equal to the height, and four more with a length equal to half the width.

The frame is going to rectangular shape, where the method of attaching the boards to each other matters. Previously, connections with various cuts and additions in the form of dowels were used for this. Today, metal fastening profiles are used, which are screwed to the wood with self-tapping screws. By installing such profiles on both sides of the boards to be joined, we obtain a fairly reliable fastening.

For reliability, in each corner, you can install a jib (at 45 °) from the same boards as the frame itself, and add a crossbar to the entire width of the sash. Often, instead of a cross member, a diagonally mounted element from the board is mounted.

Note! Everything must be done so that the leaves of wooden gates do not loosen at the attachment points during long-term operation.

So, the frames of the paintings are ready, it remains to sheathe them. There are a huge number of options here, the easiest is to install vertical boards 20-25 mm thick, 80-100 mm wide. They can be installed tightly to each other or leave small gaps. As for the length of the plank sheathing, it should be 20–25 cm longer than the height of the gate and protrude beyond the frame on each side. Fastening is carried out with self-tapping screws, the length of which must be at least twice the thickness of the sheathing boards.

Sash installation

First, they are screwed onto the sash metal hinges. There are two of them, the installation location is slightly offset to the middle from the lower and upper frame elements. The sequence of actions is as follows:

• loops are applied at the place of fastening;
• marks are made through the mounting holes;
• through them are drilled through holes in the frame;
• hinges are installed in place with the exact alignment of the holes;
• bolts are inserted into the latter, on which, with opposite side nuts are screwed with a lining of a wide washer.

The second part of the loops is attached to the support posts. To do this, the sashes are installed on bricks near the pillars with the exact setting of their place in height. The second parts are applied to the attached loops. Their mounting plate is applied to the posts to which it is attached. long self-tapping screws. Such installation is possible if the pillars - wooden logs or bar.

If steel profiles are used, then the mounting plate is attached to them by electric welding or bolts. In the latter case, through holes will have to be drilled in the racks.

It remains only to install the ears for the padlock and the pin for fixing the leaves in closed position. All these devices are attached to the frame elements with self-tapping screws.

wooden gate decoration

Since the gates are installed on the street, they are exposed to the negative effects of natural loads. Therefore, they are processed in several layers. protective compounds. The first layer is an antiseptic. Its task is to protect wood from negative impact microorganisms.

The second layer is drying oil. This paint material consists of 95% vegetable oil. It covers the tree with a thin layer that protects against pests, microorganisms and moisture. Today, drying oil is used less and less, because manufacturers offer other modern materials.

The third layer is paint, varnish or stain. Here huge selection color, texture and composition.

Original finishes

Antique wooden gates - one of the popular species decoration. There is a huge variety of options on offer, where many give preference to carved gates.

This kind of decoration is complicated. To cut even the simplest figures out of wood, you need special tools with their skills, experience and imagination. If neither one nor the other is available, then it is better to order finished finish, which is already independently attached to the sash frame. hand cutting it's expensive.

Advice! Carved elements from thin boards or thick plywood are sold in stores, which you just need to nail with small carnations to the elements of wooden gate leaves.

Customizing antique, you can use the painting. It also requires imagination and the ability to draw with paints, although you can do without it. Need to buy stencils wide range of sold in art stores. They can even be ordered for a specific pattern. And already applying a painting through a stencil is a simple matter.

Another option for antique fitting - forged elements. This finish is the height of respectability. Even the most nondescript gates made of wood, lined with forging, become a masterpiece of art. It is impossible to forge iron with your own hands, if you are a non-specialist in this matter. Fortunately, forged elements are now sold in construction stores. They are attached to wooden gates with nails or screws.

Electric wooden gate

The fruits of civilization haunt the majority of owners of private plots, houses, cottages and garages. Moreover, they become more affordable every year. For example, devices for automatically opening gates allow you to operate the leaves without leaving the car.

For the manufacture of wooden gates, it is better to use resinous wood. In this regard, birch is not suitable.

For fastening, use galvanized, brass self-tapping screws or stainless steel. Preference is given bolted connection rather than using screws.

Antiseptic is applied in 2-3 layers. The next layer is applied after the previous one has completely dried.

Important! Install closers, they will reduce dynamic loads on fasteners, especially for hinges.

Considering all of the above, taking into account important points, to make a wooden gate with or without a door with your own hands is not a problem. The main thing is to accurately measure the opening so that the closing doors do not interfere with each other and close tightly.

The gate is the face of any house or cottage, so their manufacture should be treated with all responsibility. The main task of this design is to protect against vandals and ill-wishers, or just prying eyes. From this we can conclude that the ideal gate should be attractive in appearance, protect well and be comfortable. Most of all, these criteria correspond to swing.

Due to the ease of assembly, they can be assembled quite easily and quickly on your own. Wood is the most popular material, because it can be processed better and is relatively cheap. Pine or larch lumber is ideal for this, as it is durable and lightweight.

Now let's look at how to build a wooden swing gate in stages and make sure that there is nothing complicated in this.

Stage 1: calculation and planning

In order for the swing gates to turn out to be even and stand, without staggering, for more than a dozen years, it is important to correctly design their construction. First you need to measure the surface where the opening is located, make sure that it is perfectly flat. If there is a small error, then it is better to eliminate it before starting installation work.

Be sure to accurately measure not only the total width of the gate, but also separately for each leaf and gate. Measurements and the location of important elements are best depicted on paper in the form of a diagram or sketch.

The presence of such a leaflet will greatly facilitate subsequent work and help to establish swing gates right.

Advice: standard width for gates, it is customary to consider 3-4 meters, but this size may vary depending on the requirements of the owner. For example, if construction is planned on the site, then make the passage wider so that trucks or construction equipment can enter it.

It is important to remember that wooden canvases must have a gap between the bottom edge and the ground. It is necessary for normal opening in case of fallen snow or wet mud.

Stage 2: materials

Before you go to buy lumber, calculate how high the wooden gate will be, and decide whether it will have a gate or not. It is believed that, ideally, the height should not be 120 cm. When calculating the length of the supports, it is worth considering that for reliability they must be buried in the ground to a depth of at least a meter. So:

For supports you will need a round or square bar less than a meter in diameter. It is better to purchase oak beams, as they are considered the strongest and most resistant to moisture and decay.

• For the frame - bars with a section of 4x4 cm or more.
• For sheathing - a picket fence with a cross section of at least 2x4 cm.

Iron elements will need to be screwed onto the wooden gate, such as:

• A pair (or four - this is optional and including a design feature) canopies.
• If necessary, loops for a padlock.
• In the presence of a gate - loops and a latch.
• Self-tapping screws.

Get some tools ready:

• Jigsaw, screwdriver, drill.
• Drill, crowbar, plumb lines.
• Planer, rasp.
• Solution tank, concrete, sand, gravel.
• Water level, measuring tape.

Stage 3: installation of supports

Supports are the most important element, because all the load that swing gates carry is distributed on them. They need to be buried to a depth of at least a meter - this guarantees their stability from distortions and durability.

Tip: to increase the service life of the supports, they can be impregnated with an antiseptic, and on underground part apply resin or bituminous mastic.

Carefully prepare the area where the supports will be installed: remove debris and large pebbles, level the ground if necessary and loosen large clods of earth. To mark the location of the supports, you can use a cord stretched over stakes.

The next stage is drilling (or digging) holes for supports with a depth of a meter and a half and a diameter exceeding the diameter of the column (beam) by about 15 cm. The bottom of the dug hole must be carefully tamped. This is done so that the hinged doors do not sag. For the same purpose, crushed stone or sand can be poured to the bottom. Next, install the posts in the pits and check that their height is the same. It is also necessary to check the verticality with a plumb line. If the position is even, then you can start backfilling with rubble and pouring concrete.

Important! It will not be possible to reliably install and measure the supports alone, since this work is quite difficult. Be sure to invite assistants for this stage of work!

You can proceed to the next steps only after the solution has completely dried.

Stage 4: assembling the sash frame

Proper assembly of the frame is a reliable and durable wooden gate, so this process must be taken scrupulously. Make blanks: saw the timber into even parts of the required size.

Swing - these are two wings, each of which consists of two bars for side racks, two bars for the bottom and top and a central jumper. Elements must be attached to flat surface using dowels treated with epoxy glue for this. Thanks to the dowels, the structure will gain additional strength. For better fastening, it is desirable to use self-tapping screws.

After fastening the main elements of the frame with dowels, it is necessary to attach jumpers that serve to strengthen. Most often, jumpers are attached diagonally (z-shaped) or horizontally in the center, but then it must be supplemented with jibs.

Tip: to avoid premature decay, you can treat the surfaces with a planer, and then cover with an antiseptic.

Stage 5: frame sheathing

Wooden gates cannot be made without sheathing. For its implementation, you can use a picket fence, boards or slats, which are attached to the frame with self-tapping screws. It is necessary to cut the lumber for sheathing so that it looks out of the frame by about 20 cm. It is worth equalizing the sheathing only after the elements are screwed.

There are many ways to attach the skin, it all depends on the desired design. Most often, swing canvases look like a monolithic structure - for this, the slats must be attached tightly to each other.

If there is a desire that wooden canvases have more decorative look, then the boards need to be fastened with clearance diagonally or vertically.

Tip: to keep the distance between the pickets the same, it is worth using templates, the thickness of which will depend on the width of the required clearance.

Stage 6: installation of sashes

Swing gates are in principle ready, now it remains only to attach the hinges to the finished leaves and supports. For this, self-tapping screws are used, preferably with screw threads. In this process, it is important to pay attention to the adjustment, i.e. make sure that the loops are attached at the same distance. To properly hang wooden doors, you can use the level.

Tip: to make it easier to tighten the self-tapping screw, you can first drill small holes with a drill.

If the calculations and work were done correctly, then the installed oar canvases will not open on their own in calm weather.

When it comes to installing gates in a country house or in suburban area, it is worth first of all deciding what they will be, because it is the gate that first catches your eye. It is from them that guests begin their acquaintance with homeownership, so it is worth taking their construction quite seriously. It must be said right away that this task can be completed different ways and from different materials. The choice must be made based on personal ideas about beauty, however, it is unlikely that anyone will argue that if there is wooden fence the gate should be made of wood.

Gate manufacturing

Before you make a wooden gate or gate with your own hands, you need to decide on their size and the intended appearance, for which it would be quite advisable to perform a drawing and calculations of the quantity necessary materials. After that, you can begin to perform the main construction work.

First you need to install the pillars supporting the entire gate structure. Ideal for wooden gates and gates wooden poles. Regarding the material suitable for the material of the pillars, oak should be chosen. Its strength characteristics are quite consistent with the required.

The entire pillar, and most importantly, that part of it that will be underground, must be processed special formulations, which will prevent the negative effects of moisture.

After the pillars are prepared, they must be dug in. To do this, in predetermined places, you need to dig two holes about a meter deep.

At the bottom of each of them, sand and crushed stone are poured in two layers as a protective cushion. Layers need to be compacted to achieve best effect. After that, poles are installed in the pits, the verticality of their installation must be checked using building level, and it is better to use water. For achievement the greatest strength installation, the space that forms between the post and the walls of the pit should be filled with rubble. In order to save money, you can use chipped brick. After filling half of the space, the rubble must be tamped, then filled up again and tamped again, this must be done until the entire pit is filled.

Crushed stone is cemented on top for greater strength. In principle, a cement-sand mixture can be used to fill the entire space, but this will entail additional material costs.

Production of alignments

While the concrete hardens, it is necessary, without wasting time, to proceed to the manufacture of the gates themselves. First you need to build a kind of frame frame with your own hands. For these purposes, a wooden beam is suitable. If we consider the process in more detail, then it is necessary to assemble a rectangular frame of a pre-calculated size. It should be remembered that the frame must be smaller than the finished gate.

So, the individual parts of the frame are fastened together with self-tapping screws. Depending on the size of the wooden gate, the frame can be additionally reinforced with both transverse bars and bars fixed diagonally. As soon as the frame is ready, it is taken with boards, or with a solid wall, or decorative slots are left, depending on general style. When the gates are ready, they need to be fixed on the poles. For these purposes, as a rule, suspension loops are used. Usually one part of them is attached to the post, and the second to the gate alignment. Given the material of manufacture, two attachment points are enough - at the top and bottom.

Completion of works

As the final stage in the construction of wooden gates in the country, you can designate the mounting of handles and all kinds of heck and bolts. These actions are necessary not only to avoid spontaneous opening, but also due to the fact that the gate must perform not only decorative functions, but also protective functions. If we talk about how expedient it will be to build wooden version gate, it must be said that such gates are quite practical and able to perform their functions for at least a dozen years. Of course, for this the tree must be prepared, that is, treated with special compounds that prevent the appearance of both rotting and wood pests. And also for greater aesthetics, wooden gates can be coated with a special varnish.

In conclusion, we can say that if you need to not only build practical and quite aesthetically attractive gates, but also make them yourself, while not spending a lot, then wooden gates are the most suitable option. At correct installation, such gates are able to serve faithfully for many years and be both the pride of the owner and the envy of neighbors. And usually, the more pride that either causes the owners, the more envy it causes the neighbors, but that's another story.

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Video

We bring to your attention a few more gates made of wood for inspiration.