Epoxy flooring. Epoxy self-leveling floors, cost and work plan. The order of operations

Epoxy-based self-leveling floors - one-stop solution both for industrial and residential premises. Just a few years ago, they were used extremely rarely and only for industrial facilities due to the high cost of the manufacturing process.

Today, modernized equipment and improved technologies allow manufacturers to reduce manufacturing costs and obtain an epoxy self-leveling floor at a very attractive price. At the same time, the quality has not deteriorated due to the change in pricing policy - on the contrary, it has become a level higher.

Epoxy-based self-leveling floors: properties and characteristics

Polymeric epoxy self-leveling floors contain epoxy resin as an active ingredient, to which hardeners, as well as solvents and plasticizers are added.

Besides, decorative mixtures have in their composition coloring particles mixed with each other, or other additives that improve the quality characteristics of the coating.

In addition to various shades, the filling mixture may also contain decorative inclusions, such as glitters, that is, iridescent and reflective particles, flocks, in other words, textile fibers, also called chips.

Thanks to these elements, the coating acquires a certain texture. Depending on the type of surface, it is divided into four groups:

• matte;
• semi-matt;
• glossy;
• semi-gloss.

Kinds

The main classification of mixtures is carried out according to the thickness of the poured layer:

1. thin layer epoxy poured floor with a fill thickness of less than 1 mm. Differs in the increased moisture resistance, resistance to abrasive influence and chemically aggressive substances.
2. Coating with a layer thickness of more than 1 mm. It is endowed with a huge number of advantages, among which are inherent in thin-layer floors, plus resistance to alkalis and acids, super strength and durability, as well as an aesthetically attractive appearance, which epoxy mixtures of the first group cannot boast of.

Also distinguished:

1). Industrial bulk mixtures with a layer thickness not exceeding 6 mm, capable of withstanding enormous loads. In turn, they are divided into single and multilayer.

According to the texture and color properties of the front side, industrial floors can be:

• plain;
• colored;
• anti-slip;
• smooth.

2). quartz-filled epoxy floor coating, the thickness of which ranges from 1 to 6 mm. It differs in the content of quartz sand, which increases the resistance of the decorative base to mechanical, abrasive, chemical and temperature influences.

3). Transparent epoxy self-leveling floor with a layer thickness of not more than 2 mm. However, to create a decorative surface, floors with a thickness of 5 mm can be poured. A feature of such mixtures is the thinnest transparent film formed after the polymerization of the solution.

Possessing an optically transparent structure, the cured layer is endowed with impeccable light fastness, antistatic and sealing properties. Traditionally used to seal applied patterns, 3D drawings, photographs.

• compound density - 1.15-1.5 kg / l;
• layer thickness - 0.5-6 mm;
• consumption per 1 m 2 with a layer thickness of 1 mm - 1.3-1.7 kg;
• pouring temperature +10/+30°С;
• the viability of the prepared mass is at least 40-50 minutes;
• hardening time to a state accessible for movement - 24 hours;
• full curing time - 2-5 days;
• density at break 65 MPa;
• coating strength in compression - 38 MPa;
• elongation at break - 4-9%;
• combustibility, flammability, smoke formation - class G1-G2, B2, D2-D3, respectively;
• flame propagation - class RP1;
• toxicity - T2.

Special attention deserves a unique resistance to temperature extremes. The floor will keep the whole spectrum specifications unchanged even at temperatures as low as -50°C and +100°C.

Exposed to enough high temperatures or UV rays, the base will not tarnish or turn yellow.

Since we are talking about a high temperature background, it is worth noting right away that the epoxy self-leveling floor coating in accordance with GOST 30244-94 belongs to class G1, that is, to low-combustible materials. Thus, the surface is not only resistant to any type of impact from the outside, but also fireproof.

Advantages of epoxy floors

Qualitatively prepared and poured in accordance with the technology, the base can last 30, or even all 40 years, that is, durability is the main advantage.

Not the last role in the huge operational period was played by the impeccable resistance of the decorative coating to both abrasion, abrasive and mechanical loads, deformation and cracking, as well as to UV rays, chemical solvents, and technical liquids.

Even highly concentrated alkaline liquids will not be able to damage polymer self-leveling floors based on epoxy resins. .

Moisture and water resistance. The coating does not tend to absorb or pass water, so the poured base will be 100% waterproof, which is also facilitated by the ability of the liquid mass to fill any irregularities, providing a smooth surface that is solid and seamless.

With its unique sealing properties, epoxy self-leveling flooring is recognized as a hygienic coating, since the likelihood of fungus, mold, bacteria and other microorganisms is incredibly small.

It is this type of floors that can most often be found in medical and other institutions where the strictest requirements for sterility are imposed on the floor space.

It should be noted the highest strength of floors filled with polymer-containing mixtures, as a result of which the installation of an epoxy self-leveling floor is appropriate not only in residential, but also in industrial buildings with the possibility of movement on the coating of equipment or the presence of a huge number of overall machines or devices, which indicates its versatility.

Another plus in the piggy bank of the considered mixtures for pouring is high adhesion with mineral planes. The spilled mixture, spreading over the floor, impregnates its upper layers, thus forming the strongest concrete-polymer base.

An indisputable advantage is the simplicity of arranging the coating. Do-it-yourself epoxy self-leveling floor can be poured even without professional skills, unless, of course, these are decorative 3D self-leveling floors, which are more difficult to fill.

Having a light spreading structure, the mass quickly fills in any non-critical surface imperfections, creating a perfectly smooth plane. Do-it-yourself pouring is an excellent reason to save on attracting qualified craftsmen.

The next advantage is the ease of subsequent maintenance. Characterized by seamless flat surface(namely, joints are the main trouble of any surfaces with seams, since they are the ones that are prone to pollution, which is sometimes very difficult to cope with), it does not attract dust particles, which indicates the antistatic properties of the floor.

It should be noted the widest range colors with the possibility of combining them or adding various decorative inclusions that significantly ennoble the base and give it a finished luxurious look.

In particular, a transparent epoxy self-leveling floor – a real find for fans of individual, stylish and extraordinarily beautiful solutions for the floor.

An image sealed under the thinnest film can take those present to a quiet corner of nature, to the bottom of a raging ocean, to a flowery meadow with flowers full of the brightest shades, to an arid savannah. The effectiveness of such floors is very difficult to overestimate.

Flaws

Finally, it's time to note a few shortcomings - among them is the high cost of coverage.

But given the number of advantages, the epoxy self-leveling floor, the price of which seems high, actually justifies all the costs, because the result is a coating that can last for decades without changing its original attractiveness and functionality.

The second disadvantage is the difficulty of dismantling, based on the strength and reliability of the base.

To prevent errors when choosing a compound, the following criteria must be observed:

Place of pouring and load level

For residential premises and workshops industrial purpose with a relatively low load intensity, it is advisable to give preference to a thin-layer composition.

For rooms with a high degree load, you should choose a coating with an applied layer of at least 1 mm, or specialized industrial or quartz-filled compositions.

Room specifics

The indicator provides for the choice of mixture in accordance with the presence of a certain type of load on the surface of the decorative coating.

If a lot of equipment powered by electricity is expected, it is rational to opt for antistatic floorscapable of blocking static charges, minimizing the likelihood of accidents.

In addition, it is very easy to care for such a coating, because it is also endowed with dust-removing characteristics.

For rooms that are characterized by a periodic increase in humidity or accumulation of liquid on the floor, it is necessary to buy mixtures with anti-slip additives that significantly increase the comfort and safety of movement.

For laboratories with a variety of chemicals, commercial, quartz-filled, or conventional high build formulations should be preferred.

Color properties of the floor and its appearance

For industrial and industrial buildings, the appearance of the floor does not always play a decisive role in the choice, but for residential premises and business centers, whose owners care about the effectiveness of the coating, it is better to opt for finishing with decorative inclusions or fill in luxurious and creative 3D self-leveling floors .

Issue price

The cost of such a floor ranges from 500 rubles. up to 1500 rub. for 1 m 2. Decorative effects greatly increase financial expenses. If you equip an epoxy self-leveling floor with your own hands, then the final price of the work is reduced to 30%.

Manufacturer

Not always foreign manufacturers can offer mixtures of excellent quality, but we can say with confidence that the price for them will be much higher. Similar local products boast no less advantages at fairly attractive prices.

Before proceeding to direct pouring, it is advisable to comply with a number of requirements:

• humidity of the basis no more than 4%;
• perfectly flat and clean surface, excluding height differences of more than 4 mm over the entire floor area and unevenness of more than 2 mm for every 2 m 2.

The installation of an epoxy self-leveling floor includes the following steps:

1. Preparation of the base, which involves the dismantling of the old coating, leveling the surface in case of serious defects, removing all construction debris and primer.
2. Arrangement of an expansion joint, which involves sticking a damper tape of a certain thickness around the perimeter of the room;
3. Preparation of a liquid mass for pouring and applying the base layer, after which the poured mixture is processed with a spiked roller;
4. The polymerized first layer is covered with a finishing layer and leveled similarly to the previous paragraph.

As can be seen from the above stages of arrangement, self-priming- not such an impossible task.

Epoxy-based polymer self-leveling floors have a lot of advantages. Their strength, durability, wear resistance and decorativeness can be the envy of any other bulk mixes. Such a coating will allow the owners to forget for a long time about the need to repair the floor space, filled with epoxy self-leveling mixture.

Epoxy self-leveling floors, video

It would seem that modern parquet or laminate has all necessary qualities and is able to satisfy the most demanding owner of an apartment or house. But progress does not stand still, and with the advent and widespread use of technology warm floors instead of traditional wooden parquet boards and slabs, a self-levelling self-leveling floor began to be used everywhere. The use of polymers instead of capricious and expensive wood made it possible to design a polyurethane or epoxy self-leveling floor in a completely new, amazing form using graphics and 3D images.

What is epoxy flooring

In fact, it is a self-levelling bulk floor, which is based on modified epoxy resins instead of traditional acrylic or cement materials. But in this case The epoxy coating acts as a finishing screed and is by no means intended to replace a cement based screed, but rather serves as a supplement to a polymer concrete base.

The optimal service life of a modern floor is usually limited to ten, maximum fifteen years, after which the outer layer has to be overhauled and replaced with a new one. At the same time, the degree of wear of the top layer of the floor covering rarely exceeds 1%, so it is easier and cheaper to make the floor in the form of a monolithic epoxy, polyurethane or methyl mass several millimeters thick.

The use of epoxy resins for shaping finish coat floor allows you to get new qualities that are practically unattainable using other methods and materials:

• Absolutely dense glassy coating has almost zero water absorption and very high dielectric constant. Even if there is water on the surface of the heated epoxy self-leveling floor for a week, this will not lead to leaks or short circuits in the electrical wiring system;
• The wear resistance of a self-levelling epoxy can only be rivaled by self-leveling polyurethane flooring, concrete or ceramics. At the same time, unlike the latter, the epoxy floor does not emit dust, is not afraid of temperature changes and the effects of oil, alkalis, acids, any detergents and aggressive substances;
• Bulk warm floor based on epoxy polymers is much thinner, stronger and more durable than any other modern coatings.

Note! The small thickness of the bulk epoxy layer, only 2-3 mm, can reduce losses during the operation of a warm floor by 20-25% in comparison with a polymer-cement screed and even laminate coatings.

Epoxy polymers in the cured state initially appeared in workshops and laboratories of enterprises engaged in the production of chips and components of microelectronics and precision optics. Today, an industrial self-leveling floor has become an invariable attribute of most high-tech industries, wherever a chemically inert, hard coating is required that does not collect dust and vapors of substances in the air. Epoxy self-leveling floors came to "taste" operating rooms and infectious disease departments of hospitals, commercial offices of companies seeking to give the design of the premises an exceptionally expressive look.

But a truly self-leveling floor became popular after the emergence and spread of fashion for the use of 3D decor, photo wallpapers and author's graphics in the interior of apartments and offices.

Important! The use of transparent, almost colorless epoxy allows the most complex three-dimensional patterns to be applied to the floor, creating the illusion of a three-dimensional image and completely changing the perception of a living space.

Glossy self-leveling floor makes it possible to hide and mask defects in the geometry of individual parts of the room, without resorting to traditional finishing and leveling the walls with drywall.

In order to reliably protect the warm floor, a coating with a thickness of 1.5-3 mm is sufficient. In practice, self-leveling floors are often made thicker and in several layers for several reasons:

1. Firstly, the finished self-leveling floor with a glossy surface shows imperfections and unevenness of the base very well, so the quality of the preparation for epoxy coatings must be very high. The use of two or three layers allows you to make it as flat and durable as possible;
2. Secondly, unlike polymer cement, polyurethane flooring and methacrylate, the "life" ready mix 20-25 minutes are calculated. at room temperature. The higher the temperature, the faster the viscosity of the composition increases, therefore, in order to obtain an ideal mirror of a self-leveling floor, pouring and leveling the mixture must be done as quickly and efficiently as possible.

High quality is achieved thanks to the chemical principle of curing through the use of a hardener. If the poured mixture is prepared exactly in accordance with the requirements of the technology, then the poured epoxy mass will simply harden without shrinkage, sweating and the release of solvent vapors and volatile substances.

Epoxy screed toxicity

Often, builders and craftsmen involved in laying self-leveling floors voice information about the dangers of epoxy compositions for human health. A certain share There is truth in such statements, but with one caveat. The toxicity or harmfulness of an epoxy composition depends on several factors:

• Epoxy grades. Today, there are several dozen brands of epoxy resins and hardener options, some of them are used only for industrial purposes. If you try to use such a mixture for home use, you can get serious poisoning;
• Epoxy resin and hardener qualities, the degree of their purification during synthesis. All branded materials for arranging self-leveling floors are maximally purified from epichlorohydrin, maleic and phthalic anhydride;
• Compliance with the technology of preparation of the mixture. In order to achieve maximum strength and quality of the polymer, it is necessary to maintain the recommended proportions very accurately, mix the components thoroughly with a hand or electric mixer.

After the polymer has cured, all dissolved components are sealed in the vitreous mass. Microdoses of unreacted substances, even when the floor is heated, cannot evaporate and stand out on the floor surface.

The only condition that must be observed when working with epoxy self-leveling floors is the non-use of water or polar alcohol-containing solvents. Even a small amount of these substances that have fallen on the base or added to the polymer composition can render the expensive adhesive mass unusable.

Technology of work with self-leveling epoxy floor

Experts recommend pouring the floor on polymer base in three stages. At the first stage, a concrete or wooden base is prepared for pouring the adhesive mass. Next, an intermediate epoxy layer is made, which is leveled and cleaned with the highest possible accuracy, after which a decorative layer of epoxy material with filler and coloring toner is applied.

Foundation preparation procedure

The first stage of preparing a concrete pad for a self-leveling floor is practically no different from similar operations for other types of self-leveling filler coatings. Initially, concrete is cleaned from layers and bumps with ordinary grinder. Cavities and potholes are rubbed with polymer concrete mass. To reduce the consumption of expensive epoxy resin, most of the screed and leveling work is done with concrete or acrylic compounds, planning a total layer of 10-15 mm thick for the self-leveling epoxy floor.

If the self-leveling floor is supposed to be laid on wooden base, the boards will need to be sewn together, freed from paint and strengthened so that under the weight of a person there is no deflection characteristic of a plank floor. The cracks are sealed with adhesive tape, after which the floor surface is covered with one layer of epoxy varnish.

After setting and shrinkage of concrete, the procedure for leveling the plane of the future floor is repeated, but already using screw supports - beacons, a building, preferably a laser three-beam level. If it is planned to lay a film heating system, then the final leveling for the final casting is carried out after laying the intermediate epoxy layer.

How to pour a self-leveling epoxy floor

To ensure normal adhesion of the self-leveling floor to concrete, it will be necessary to prime the surface special composition supplied with epoxy. After the primer has set, it is laid out along the walls damper tape, providing a gap between the floor and a vertical surface. To control the level of the future floor, it is best to install a laser level horizontal plane or a regular bubble tool.

After preparing the mixture, the container is poured onto the base with a tape, then the mixture is leveled by the rule along the screw beacons or the laser beam. To remove air from the bulk composition, the poured mixture is intensively rolled with a spiked roller. After a couple of hours, the mixture sets to low tide, but the floor gains its final strength after 4-5 days.

Conclusion

For the formation of complex three-dimensional images, up to 5 layers of epoxy mixture can be used, therefore, when calculating the required amount of bulk material, it is necessary to take into account an overrun of 10%, which inevitably occurs due to mass sticking to containers and working tools. The multi-layer method is often used for bathrooms and kitchens, wherever there is a risk of damage to the floor surface from dropped objects. In other rooms - bedrooms, living rooms, hallways or corridors, you can fill the floor in one or two steps.

Epoxy self-leveling floor is a relatively new way of arranging floor space in apartments and country houses.

Previously, this method was used only to create particularly durable coatings in places with increased requirements for wear resistance and service life. Now bulk formulations have greatly reduced in cost, expanded in assortment and become more accessible to the common man in the street.

Brief description, features and benefits

Epoxy floors are a variety of special hardeners and stabilizers. They are used to create bases with high strength, wear-resistant and decorative characteristics.

The epoxy floor is applied "in bulk" - this allows the mixture to spread freely over the plane, creating an absolutely flat and seamless surface. For improvement decorative properties the floor device provides for mixing and docking of various color schemes, applying color stains and strokes, adding various glosses, etc.

In addition to mixing shades, various decorative elements- chips, flocks and glitters. These elements are matte, semi-matt or shiny particles that are applied to the finish layer and sealed with a transparent composition.

A distinctive feature of this coating, in addition to strength, is its high decorative effect and a wide selection of colors.

The scope of such floors is extensive and not limited to specific tasks. This includes the energy and food industries, chemical industries, parking complexes and car services, medical and household facilities, trade and exhibition complexes.

For installation in apartments and country houses, the technology of self-leveling epoxy floors suggests the use of mixtures of the same composition as for arrangement in places with a more aggressive attitude towards the floor surface.

The standard screed for this type of flooring is a two-component formulation containing an epoxy-colored base and a hardener. The solution is supplied and distributed in different containers. Preparation of the mixture is carried out only before pouring on a leveled and prepared base.

Distinctive advantages and disadvantages

There is an opinion that epoxy floors during operation emit harmful substances and are hazardous to health. This is fundamentally not true, since among the variety of resins, epoxy substances are the most harmless and safe.

The liquid epoxy composition does indeed include substances that irritate the mucous membranes, causing slight suffocation and burns, but their percentage is so small that during the polymerization of the base they completely evaporate. Some types of compositions for self-leveling floors do not contain volatile substances at all.

That is why, any qualified specialist will strongly recommend purchasing funds personal protection- gloves, goggles and special clothing. Manufacturers themselves do not hide this - safety precautions can be found on the product packaging.

In view of this, after the complete drying of the liquid mixture, an environmentally friendly and absolutely safe coating is obtained, completely suitable for laying in nurseries, kitchens and bathrooms.

The transparent look is more traditional and involves the use of various decorative additives.

In addition to safety, self-leveling epoxy floors have the following advantages:

• load resistance - the finished coating has high strength, resistance to mechanical and physical stress, inert to chemical reagents and compositions;
• sealing the base - the liquid composition allows you to complete the complete filling of all pores and irregularities, to provide a monolithic, seamless and airtight base;
• ease of maintenance - the absence of seams and joints greatly simplifies the process of cleaning, applying and removing detergents;
• fire safety - the coating does not contribute to the spread open fire, does not emit particularly harmful and deadly substances during combustion;
• hygiene - the polymer floor does not cause the formation and does not contribute to the spread of bacteria, fungus and harmful microorganisms.

Among other things, such floors are characterized by a service life of more than 15 years, do not require annual renewal and major repairs. Depending on the type of base and expected loads, it is possible to use thin-layer compositions, which are distinguished by a simpler application technology and a lower price.

Among the negative aspects of the use of epoxy coatings, one can single out their weak point strength. That is, at strong blow or if a very heavy object is dropped, a crack or chip may occur. To avoid such damage, it is recommended to use the compositions for their intended purpose and areas of application.

Adding different glitters and chips makes the surface more varied

That is, for example, a two-component epoxy self-leveling floor and quartz fillers are used to equip floors with special requirements for strength, a classic mixture without sand additives for residential premises and premises with low traffic intensity.

With prolonged use, even despite the wear resistance, minor defects and scratches are bound to appear, which will require the application of a new layer of polymer varnish and a complete renewal of the coating. Partial removal, replacement or overlapping of the old base is technically impossible and no technology is expected.

The choice of a specific brand and composition for the installation of epoxy self-leveling floors depends on the type of base, its technical condition, requirements and expectations from the final floor covering.

There are many manufacturers of self-leveling floors, but domestic companies can be singled out separately, offering good compositions and related components at fairly affordable prices. These are the TeoChem company - the ElakorED trademark, the KrasCo company - the Epolast trademark and TNP Group with compositions under the Taping brand.

The products of these companies meet all international safety and quality standards, have a wide range of products for any load and strength. In addition, manufacturers periodically hold seminars and master classes, where they talk in detail about the technology of work.

Two-component polymer floor Epolast Aqua on water based

The technology of epoxy floors involves the use of several compositions designed to prepare a concrete base, puttying the surface, creating an underlying layer, arranging the front and finish coatings.

For example, KrasCo products include primers, adhesive compounds for old concrete foundations, traditional and two-component water-based bulk mixtures, etc.

The nominal consumption of bulk mixtures depends on the manufacturer and is indicated on the packaging of a particular product. Thus, the consumption rate of an epoxy self-leveling floor per 1 m2 with a thickness of 1 mm of the ElakorED brand for the underlying layer is 300-400 g, for the finish - 1.7-1.8 kg. The consumption of "Epolast Aqua" for the finishing layer is 1.75 kg, "Taping Paul 205 C" - 750-900 g with a similar thickness.

Soles with spikes for moving on liquid floors and spiked roller for spreading the mixture

In addition, we have indicated the average cost of the above products and additional components, which can be found in the table below.

Epoxy floor pouring sequence

When grouting cracks and damage, a special resin-based putty is used.

The device of an epoxy self-leveling floor can be done by hand, provided that the person conducting the work is trained or at least familiar with the technology of preparing the base, preparing and pouring the solution.

The bearing base must meet a number of requirements, without which the arrangement of the self-leveling floor is not performed. From a technical point of view, the old concrete surface should not have strong elevation changes, deep damage, cracks and shells.

The maximum allowable deviation is indicated on the packaging of the composition, but on average it is no more than 2-3 mm per 2 m of the base. Elimination of damage is carried out by puttying and filling with a special putty provided by the floor manufacturer. For removing greasy spots and oils, organic solvents are used. If it is impossible to perform these works, the base is prepared for pouring a thin-layer screed.

For a new concrete layer, you should wait for its complete polymerization and maturation to brand strength. The residual moisture content of the concrete layer should not exceed 4%. For concrete floors of the first floors, it is necessary to arrange roll or coating waterproofing.

Squeegee for spreading the mixture and spatula for arranging the underlying layer

When applying and spreading the composition, it is recommended to use only prepared tools soaked in xylene. This will help eliminate the remnants of the factory grease and disinfect the old tool from the remnants of the former finish. For application, construction rollers with medium pile (12-14 mm), metal spatulas with a smooth edge (500-600 mm) and doctor blades are used.

The removal of air from the mixture is carried out with a spiked roller. All movements in the liquid composition are performed in needle soles. are used construction mixer power not less than 1.2-1.5 kW. The rotational speed is selected based on the temperature of the mixture, the capacity and power of the tool, but usually it is not more than 500-600 rpm.

For safety reasons, workers must have respirators, closure goggles and gloves. It is advisable to use a change of clean shoes and overalls. The preparation of the solution is carried out in a strictly designated place and is performed immediately before pouring onto the surface.

The main stages of preparation and pouring of the epoxy mixture

Do-it-yourself epoxy self-leveling floors are made using the following technology:

1. A thorough cleaning and dedusting of the surface of the base is carried out using a construction vacuum cleaner.
2. An expansion joint is being glued around the perimeter of the room. For this, a damper tape is used. desired thickness. The tape is fixed with a stapler or adhesive mixture.
3. A one- or two-component primer composition is being prepared. In the first case, the solution is mixed with a mixer, in the second case, the components are mixed in a container of a larger composition. The primer is mixed according to the instructions and applied to the concrete surface.



The use of purified quartz sand allows you to strengthen the first bulk layer

4. After polymerization of the first layer, the floor surface is re-treated with a primer. If shiny or glossy areas remain on the base, then they are removed, the surface is cleaned and re-primed. Immediately after applying the second layer, the surface is sprinkled with quartz sand at a rate of 100-120 g/m2.
5. In the presence of shells, potholes and cracks, they are repaired using epoxy putty. The preparation of putty is carried out in a similar way by mixing the two components. If necessary, a small amount of quartz sand is added in the ratio provided by the manufacturer.
6. If the floor areas were sealed with putty, they are polished using manual grinder. Next, the surface is cleaned and proceed to the preparation of the epoxy coating. In other cases, sand is removed from the base of the floor with a construction vacuum cleaner.
7. Carry out the preparation of the solution for the underlying layer. To do this, the main component is mixed with a mixer at the desired speed. Mixing is performed with smooth movements throughout the volume. Next, add the second component - the hardener and mix again. The preparation of the mixture is carried out strictly according to the instructions.



Mixing of the final coating takes place immediately before pouring it.

8. The underlying layer is poured with a thickness of 1.2-1.5 mm. Using a metal spatula, at an almost right angle, spread the mixture strongly pressing into the base. After 10-15 minutes, cover the floor surface with quartz sand at the rate of 1.2-1.5 kg/m2.
9. After the base layer has dried, excess sand crumbs are removed using brushes and a vacuum cleaner. The surface is inspected for missing areas and other possible problems. Subject to quality, a sealing layer is applied. This is done by applying a mixture of self-leveling epoxy floor at the rate of 350-400 g/m2. The mixture is spread with spatulas.
10. The preparation and pouring of the final front layer is carried out. In the process of work, it is necessary to calculate the time for kneading and the number of required portions, since at room temperature the setting of the mixture occurs after about 30-40 minutes. Bulk coating applied to the surface and distributed with a doctor blade and spatulas. After 10-12 m after application, the finishing layer is rolled with a roller to remove excess air and left to dry.

This work technology is valid for the self-leveling floor "Elakor-ED" with quartz filler. The drying time of the primer, the preparation of the mixture, the release of air from the solution and polymerization are indicated in the attached instructions.

When installing other bulk epoxy floors with your own hands, the technology may be somewhat different. Some types do not require the use of putties and quartz fillers at all.

At the heart of any epoxy floor is a two-phase composition of epoxy resin and its hardener. Also, the composition of the components of this type of coating can be supplemented with various additives that stabilize the mixture and increase the strength of the coating to mechanical damage(latex, casein), as well as substances that contribute to the fluidity of the solution. Before pouring the floor, pigments are introduced into the mixture. This is done to give it the desired shade.

To give the mixture the desired shade, special additives are introduced into it.

Sometimes for decorative effect the composition is supplemented with diamond or other mineral chips, but such mixtures after hardening are very difficult to grind. This circumstance will create certain difficulties if you decide to make an epoxy floor with your own hands.

Sometimes mixtures are supplemented with diamond chips

Distinctive advantages and disadvantages

The optimal combination of components that make up the epoxy self-leveling floor gives it a number of special positive properties.

1. High wear resistance: such a surface will last for decades and retain its presentable appearance for a long time.
2. Ease of maintenance: thanks to the monolithic structure of the floor, its surface is less prone to the accumulation of dirt and, as a result, the reproduction of colonies of harmful microorganisms on its surface. A flat and smooth surface is easier to wet clean and requires minimum flow cleaners and disinfectants.
3. Resistance to temperature changes: epoxy liquid floors withstand various temperature fluctuations. Therefore, they can be used even in baths. Such a coating can transfer the winter to unheated room and maintain its presentation and performance characteristics.
4. Chemical resistance: the surface is able to withstand even highly concentrated acids and alkalis.
5. Good waterproofing properties: this type of flooring does not require additional waterproofing in the room, since it is endowed with almost zero vapor permeability and copes with this task on its own.
6. Broad perspectives for design solutions.

These floors are very durable and long lasting.

All the above advantages of epoxy self-leveling floors allow them to be used in the premises of the for various purposes, be it industrial workshops, chemical laboratories, industrial warehouses or public institutions (kindergartens, educational organizations, clinics, shopping centers etc.). Now such floors are increasingly found in private houses and apartments.

Such floors have become more common in private houses and apartments.

With all the wide range of advantages, the epoxy self-leveling floor is not without its drawbacks, which should be considered.

1. The high labor intensity of the preparatory work and the high final cost of work and the cost of materials.
2. Markedness of the material: chips and scratches that appear during everyday use are clearly visible on the floor surface. When the need for repair comes, it is almost impossible to choose the color of the composition that matches the damaged coating.
3. Removing a worn coating can be a difficult process that takes a lot of effort and time.

In addition to all the advantages, such floors also have disadvantages.

Tips for choosing a self-leveling epoxy floor and cost calculation

Depending on the purpose of the room prepared for the installation of a self-leveling epoxy floor, a mixture with suitable characteristics is selected. Materials are classified according to the thickness of the applied coating.

Coatings for applying a thick layer are advisable to use if it is necessary to level the base with a large difference in height. Depending on the manufacturer's recommendations, the thickness can vary from 80 to 100 mm. The consumption of material in this case is very high. Such mixtures are not intended for pouring a thin layer.

Thin layer compositions are used exclusively for finishing flooring work. In this case, the thickness can even start from 1 mm. The consumption of materials will accordingly be the smallest.

Depending on the manufacturer's recommendations, the thickness can vary from 80 to 100 mm

The prices for mixtures for thin-layer epoxy self-leveling floors are an order of magnitude higher than those for thick layers. However, given that the consumption of such a mixture is very low, the final price becomes quite acceptable.

You can calculate the cost of covering a room by multiplying the product of the height and area of ​​coverage by the density of the solution. For example, for 1 m² of flooring with a thickness of 1 mm, one liter of the mixture will be required. Multiplying the volume by the density of the composition of 1.3 kg / l, we get 1.3 kg of the finished mass. Some manufacturers, in order to reduce the cost of self-leveling floor mixtures, introduce heavy additives into their composition, such as barite or quartz and river sand, as a result, the density of the mixture increases to 1.65-1.75 kg/l. Accordingly, the consumption will increase. As a result, at the same price per kilogram, material consumption will increase by almost 30%!

The consumption of the mixture may differ depending on the goals.

Necessary tools and materials

To achieve the highest quality result, you will need the following list of tools and means of special protection:

1. Grinder;
2. a vacuum cleaner;
3. container for mixing the solution;
4. drill with a screw nozzle;
5. roller with high pile;
6. scraper;
7. needle roller;
8. gloves;
9. paint studs;
10. respirator;
11. putty knife.

Needle roller for self-leveling floor

Materials that will be needed at all stages of work:

1. sealant for seams;
2. primer;
3. filling mixture;
4. polyurethane varnish;
5. polymer composition.

Before starting work, you should carefully prepare

Epoxy self-leveling floor - pouring technology

The ready-made epoxy compounds that exist today allow you to fill the floor with your own hands, without having any special skills in this matter, or a special expensive tool.

Before proceeding with the process of installing an epoxy floor, you will have to take time to prepare the room in which the work will be carried out. The main requirements for the surface on which the future floor will be applied will be its strict horizontal orientation and minimum humidity. Permissible slope in the horizontal plane is 2 mm per two meters of surface length. Maximum humidity surfaces - 4%. This requirement is due to the close to zero vapor permeability of the epoxy resin.

Now there are mixtures that do not require special preparation skills.

Excess moisture from the base will begin to quickly destroy the base layer. If the mixture is applied to the place of the previous coating, traces of paint, stains of grease and other contaminants should be removed, then all chips, seams and cracks should be repaired. Seams are primed and filled with sealant. You can fix the base by applying epoxy paint to it.

Before you start priming the floor, you need to remove the dust that has settled on it with a vacuum cleaner. After that, you can start applying the primer layer. If the surface texture is rough, two coats will suffice, but if the surface is smooth, 3-4 coats should be applied. Each next layer is applied only on top of the completely dried previous one. Priming helps to increase the adhesion of the base with the material applied to it.

Before starting work, it is worth taking out all the garbage with a vacuum cleaner

You can start pouring the base layer when upper layer primer is completely dry. The mixture with the epoxy resin base is applied in wide stripes. For uniform rolling of the initial layer, it is better to use doctor blades. In the corners of the room it is more convenient to work with a spatula. In order not to leave marks on an already filled surface, you should put on paint shoes. After the mortar has completely filled the floor area, it is important to roll the entire surface with a spiked roller to remove air bubbles.

It is important to know that in the prepared solution, the polymerization processes will take effect after 30 minutes, so you should prepare and apply the epoxy mixture in portions so that it does not have time to harden before pouring and leveling. Works are carried out at a temperature not lower than 10C. There should be no drafts and sudden changes in temperature in the room, until the mortar has completely hardened.

It takes 2 days for the floor to fully dry.

Epoxy floors dry in about 7 hours, but are fully cured in about two days. Only after complete polymerization, you can proceed to pouring the finishing layer.

Before applying the final layer of the self-leveling epoxy floor, the base layer is applied decorative coating. It may just be a layer of decorating chips. by the most original versions will be painting the surface acrylic paints or banner network with any digital image. A special chic to the flooring will give a modern three-dimensional printing of the image you like.

Floors with coloring or digital drawing will look very nice.

After pouring the top coat, wait until the surface is completely hardened and fix the result with a layer of polyurethane varnish. After the varnish has dried, and this will happen in two days, you can use the room for its intended purpose.

Epoxy floors with strict adherence to the technology of pouring and the sequence in the performance of work will serve you for decades. No other type of floor offers such durability paired with aesthetic appeal.

Video: Epoxy self-leveling floor

Video: Self-leveling epoxy floors

Epoxy self-leveling floor is a strong single structure, absolutely harmless to health and easy to clean. Yes, that's exactly it beautiful coverage, which can be increasingly found in restaurants, airports and luxury apartments. In addition, due to its environmental friendliness, such a coating is quite popular in children's institutions and hospitals. Solid pluses! Do you dream of pouring such a floor in your own apartment? Now we will tell you how to do it.

Self-leveling epoxy floors are rightfully considered one of the most resistant to moisture and aggressive chemicals: acids, alkalis and solvents. Such floors can be washed with hot water and almost any detergent, which is why they are preferred to be arranged in various laboratories, rooms with high humidity and in residential buildings.

Epoxy self-leveling floors are also valuable for their unique maintainability: in the case of a deep scratch or crack, just one stroke of the brush is enough, while with polyurethane you will have to tinker.

Let's note the equally important advantages of epoxy self-leveling floors:

• Ease of operation. Epoxy flooring is a perfectly even base, which is no more difficult to care for than varnished parquet.
• Resistance to temperature changes. You can make such a floor in the bath with peace of mind: neither heat, nor steam, nor unheated winter months will damage such a coating.
• No joints. More dirt will not get anywhere.
• Wear resistance. The durability of this coating will surprise you.
• Variety of colors and opportunities for exclusive design.

And the biggest advantage of an epoxy self-leveling floor is that it no longer needs to be additionally waterproofed - this is already a kind of waterproofing!

But keep in mind that dismantling such a floor is practically impossible - it is much easier to make another one directly on it with a second layer.

Myths and truths about the sustainability of epoxy floors

It turns out that there really is such a fear among the townsfolk, which is why many refuse to make such beautiful things at home. flooring. But in fact, among all the thermoplastic resins that we breathe every day (just get out of the house), epoxy resins are the most harmless. In the solid state, they are absolutely environmentally friendly. Of course, heating is just as undesirable for them as for ordinary natural wood, which emits resins under such conditions.

Well, let's list exactly what possible fumes today scare some and give rise to many myths:

• Epichlorohydrin. It irritates the skin and mucous membranes, causes bronchitis, and has a bad effect on the vascular system.
• Anhydrides. May cause severe suffocation.
• Toluene. If you breathe it for a long time, then the process of hematopoiesis will be disrupted.
• Hexamethyldiamine. If it gets into the eyes, it will reach necrosis.
• Polyethylpolyamine. Gets on the skin - there will be very unpleasant sensations.

But all these volatiles in the amount of 3-5% stand out only when applying floor layers! During polymerization, they completely come out, and exactly after a week there is already no trace of them in the room. That's when epoxy flooring is considered 100% environmentally friendly and safe even for children. Until then, you must protect your eyes, lungs, and skin.

Yes, polymer floors do not consist of natural materials, but in terms of their sanitary and hygienic characteristics are very close to them. You can always learn about this from quality certificates. Although it is worth noting that among epoxy floors there are also brands that can fully guarantee safety even during the work itself.

How to pour such a floor yourself? The essence of the process is extremely simple: first, a base is prepared, which must be firmly grasped with the base layer, and epoxy resin is already poured onto it. And it dries fairly quickly. And it doesn't smell anymore.

Chips, flocks and sparkles: how to create a masterpiece?

If in your interior design, although beautiful, but the monochromatic floor does not fit into the idea, then you can easily make it decorative even at the pouring stage. So, the easiest way is to use various mixtures: flocks, glitters and acrylic "chips". With their help, you can give the self-leveling floor any texture, even marble.

Flocks for such a floor are monochrome and two-color, in the form of straws or scales, or even as sparkles. Most often for residential premises, epoxy floors are poured with flock "mixes" of pastel colors.

Glitters today are used holographic, aluminum, polyester and iris. The most beautiful of them are polyester: gold, silver, blue, red and green shiny particles of a special hexagonal shape. But iris glitters are iridescent iridescent particles of the most different colors. Moreover, such glitters can be made in the form of hearts, stars and crescents. Everything to your taste!

Please note that there is a difference in the fact that the chips always crumble on the main polymer layer, and glitters can also be applied to the top coat.

Let's take a closer look at the device technology of such a floor:

• Step 1. We prepare the base. A flat concrete floor, additionally processed with a grinder or shot blasting machine, is most suitable.
• Step 2. Now we apply a highly penetrating primer, which will improve the adhesion of the floor to the base.
• Step 3. Next, pour a pre-prepared mixture of epoxy resins with quartz sand onto the floor.
• Step 4. We lay out the filler or also the image, if the design suggests it.
• Step 5. Fill with clear epoxy varnish.

An example of the work on the video slideshow:

You will be surprised to learn that just the same transparent epoxy floor is several times cheaper than the same white. By the way, among those who have already given free rein to their imagination with a transparent colorless epoxy floor, most of all positive feedback about the Durafill brand. Under this layer on epoxy paint, you can lay out not only photographs or shells, but also silver or bronze powder - now there is no problem getting it.

But oil paints you can’t draw under such a layer - the epoxy will not stick later. Therefore, for those who like to be creative, it is better to just take a few different colors of the self-leveling floor and make a neat drawing. But you can paint an epoxy coating with acrylic paints: for this, use stencils and fashionable vinyl stickers.

All this filling plays a huge role in floor design: firstly, with the help of such "chips" you can easily highlight a certain area of ​​the interior, stylize drawings or patterns and significantly reduce the reflective ability of self-leveling floors, which is not to everyone's liking. Secondly, "chips" give self-leveling floors additional anti-slip effect. polymer coating it really doesn’t look so smooth with them anymore - all because of the protruding uneven edges of the filler. Plus, in this way it is convenient to visually hide the unevenness of the floor.

Golden 3D floor made of coins - looks great!

If you decide to make small items such as coins, shells and glasses the main element of the decor, then be sure to sketch in advance what you want to end up with. The objects themselves would be better to fill in on the same photo printing: for example, shells - as if at the bottom of the river, coins - on the golden sands. It is also very beautiful when the old ones are “rolled up”. wrist watch or family photos.

Moreover, in our time, even a box of matches cannot be bought at a kiosk for just one little thing. And many townsfolk have already accumulated one three-liter jar with this "wealth". Look at these photos, maybe you were waiting for just such a moment?

If the room already has a self-leveling floor and you want to redo it completely or partially, then you may be interested in our material:.

And such a 3D composition looks simply amazing, especially if the coins are cleaned in advance. And if they are not only domestic, but also from all possible countries. So here's what to do:

• Step 1. We clean the surface and measure the area of ​​​​the future coating. Lay out a space of 10x10 cm with coins, calculate how many of them it took and you will know how much you need for the whole room. The formula is simple: the number of coins x 100 x the number of square meters of the room.
• Step 2. Make the floor perfectly smooth: sand and grind all the bumps, and fill the cracks with cement.
• Step 3. Using detergent degrease and wash the floor well. Dry.
• Step 4: Cut the Self Adhesive Fiberglass into Separate Squares the same size- as much as you need for the room.
• Step 5. Arrange the coins on the cut out squares - this is quite easy and fast.
• STEP 6. Start laying out the fiberglass with the coins, starting at the back of the room and gradually moving towards the door. Press the tiles firmly to the floor.
• Step 7. Prepare an adhesive solution in water and fill the floor with coins with it - this will help fill in all the gaps between them. Let this floor sit for at least 72 hours.
• Step 8. Mix the epoxy sealant with the UV blocker and pour over the entire coating. That's all!

Without a shadow of a doubt, the coin floor can be called the most real 3D in the full sense of the word - after all, here the decor is really presented in a three-dimensional version. Photos of the coin floor are always not very impressive, but in reality it is a pleasure to walk on such a coating. Why not Uncle Scrooge's pool?