How to plaster a house of aerated concrete. Features of plaster walls made of aerated concrete inside and outside the premises. Construction mixer price

Plastering of aerated concrete walls requires special materials and the correct application process. In the case of using unsuitable materials or not observing the process of applying the plaster, it will not last long and will quickly begin to collapse and peel off.

Briefly about aerated concrete

Aerated concrete is a building material that is used to build the walls of a building. Preferably produced in blocks measuring 400x200x600 mm (dimensions may vary depending on the manufacturer).

Aerated concrete is produced from components such as:

• Cement.
• Quartz sand.
• Lime.
• Water.

By mixing the above components with aluminum powder, hydrogen is released, which increases the crude solution several times. When concrete hardens a large number of hydrogen bubbles create its porous structure.

Advantages and disadvantages of aerated concrete

Advantages:

• Good thermal and sound insulation.
• The blocks are light weight and easy to handle.
• Environmental friendliness of the material.
• High fire resistance.

Flaws:

• Exterior finishes are a must.
• Brittleness of the material.
• High price.

The use of aerated concrete in construction can significantly reduce temporary and financial expenses, since its masonry does not require special skills, but thermal insulation properties allow you to save on heating.

Wall preparation

Since aerated concrete walls have a smooth surface, plaster does not adhere well to them. Whether outdoor or internal plaster aerated concrete walls need preparation before finishing. It is also worth knowing that aerated concrete has a high vapor permeability, this fact must be taken into account when plastering walls from this material.

Preparation of aerated concrete walls for plastering is carried out as follows:

After the walls are prepared and reinforced, you can start plastering. It should be borne in mind that after reinforcing the walls with glue, it is necessary to wait a few days, since the glue, when dried, has poor water absorption and the plaster may lag behind.

Technology

The technology of plastering walls made of aerated concrete consists of the following steps:

1. Wall preparation.
2. Wall priming. It is recommended to use a primer based on acrylate siloxane.
3. Wall reinforcement. To reinforce the walls, I use a fiberglass mesh that is resistant to stretching and has high tensile strength.
4. Installation of beacons. Beacons are installed at a distance of no more than 120 cm from each other. The use of beacons allows you to perfectly evenly plaster the walls. If the walls are even beacons can not be used.
5. Application of the first layer of plaster. The first layer of plaster is applied with a methodical ladle or trowel, after which it is leveled with a wide spatula or a wooden lath of at least 1 meter.
6. Applying the second coat of plaster. For the second layer, use finishing plaster it has fine sand, which allows you to hide the flaws of the first layer. The second layer is applied in the same way as the first one, only more carefully aligned.
7. Seam grouting. A few days after applying the plaster, you can produce grouting. Grouting is done with a wooden trowel, after slightly moistening the wall with water. Rub the seams, in a circular motion, slightly pressing the grater against the wall.

After grouting the walls are ready and can be applied decorative plaster or wallpapering. Finishing work on plastered walls must be done only after they have completely dried.

The choice of lining for aerated concrete

Plaster mixtures for aerated concrete walls must have the following properties:

• Good durability.
• Weather resistance.
• Good waterproofing properties.
• High vapor permeability.
• Elasticity.
• Good adhesion to walls.

This is one of the main criteria for plastering aerated concrete walls for interior and exterior decoration.

Wall cladding made of aerated concrete can be made with the following materials:

It is important to use plaster designed for aerated concrete walls. The use of other types of plasters in the future may lead to their peeling.

Conditions for working with facing material

For high-quality and durable wall plastering, it is necessary to adhere to the following conditions:

1. Sequence plaster first external then internal.
2. Perform wall plastering can be carried out after the end of all wet screeding, puttying, etc. The walls must be thoroughly dried after previous work.
3. Wall plastering can be produced at a temperature of +5 +30 degrees. Under no circumstances should work be carried out sub-zero temperature because the plaster will fall off.

You should also be aware that for foam concrete buildings with outdoor decoration foam cannot be used, since it does not have vapor-permeable properties, and the accumulated moisture between the wall and the insulation will contribute to its delamination.

Interior and exterior decoration

The process of plastering exterior and internal walls consists of the following steps.

Internal plaster:

• Initially, the walls of the building must be carefully prepared. Clean them from the remnants of the mortar, paints, bituminous stains, dust and dirt. If necessary, the walls can be washed with soap and water. It is also necessary to seal all the seams and joints of the blocks with a special putty.
• After the putty has dried, you can prime the walls. The primer must be compatible with the applied plaster. The primer is applied evenly with a roller or brush, in two layers without missing a single section of the wall. Approximately after three hours The primer will dry and you can start the process of plastering the walls.
• Initially, it is necessary to apply the starting layer of the solution made according to the manufacturer's instructions, which are indicated on the package. The solution is evenly applied to the wall surface with a metal float or spatula.
• After the first layer is dry you can apply the finish in the same way. A day later, the dried plaster is rubbed with a wooden float, after wetting the wall with water.
• At the final stage the plastered wall can be painted with vapor-permeable emulsion paint.

External plaster:

• Exterior wall decoration must be made strictly with materials that have vapor-permeable properties. As with interior plaster, the walls need to be cleaned and any cracks, chips, etc. removed. This can be done with tile adhesive. Temperature environment at the time of the plastering works should be from +10 to +25 degrees.
• After preparing the walls, it is necessary to strengthen the fiberglass reinforcing mesh. You can strengthen the mesh with glue or wood screws. The mesh prevents the mortar from running off and keeps it well on the wall, and also avoids cracks due to the shrinkage of the plaster.
• The next step is the application of plaster. The plaster is applied in the same way as for interior decoration. You should know that it is necessary that the vapor transmission capacity of the plaster be higher than that of aerated concrete. If necessary, you can install beacons to level the walls.

  You should also know that the thickness of the outer layer of plaster should be less than half that of the inner one.

  The leveling of the plaster is done with a wooden lath.

• When the plaster dries, it is necessary to grout the seams and flaws. After 48 hours, the plaster will dry and the final stage of finishing work can be carried out.

Therefore, we can conclude that finishing a building made of aerated concrete is an expensive pleasure, but saving on materials will lead to much disastrous consequences and high financial costs.

Plastering of aerated concrete walls with cement-sand mortar

In order to save aerated concrete walls, it is possible to plaster with a cement-sand mortar, this is done as follows:

• First you need to prepare the walls: to do this, it is necessary to remove dust, dirt and glue residues from them, and then prime them.
• The next step will be to reinforce the walls with fiberglass mesh and the usual cheapest tile adhesive. With a spatula or metal float, the adhesive is applied to the primed surface of the wall, after which the mesh is applied. After that, the applied mesh must be smoothed horizontally with a notched trowel. When the glue dries, you will get a surface with grooves that will promote good engagement. cement-sand plaster.

  Thus, in addition to reinforcing the wall, the seams of the blocks are smoothed out and small irregularities in the wall are removed, and the glue grooves will prevent the plaster from slipping when it is applied. A fiberglass mesh will prevent the appearance of cracks during shrinkage of the plaster.

• After the glue has completely dried, you can start plastering the wall. To do this, it is necessary to mix the cement-sand mortar with a ratio of 1: 3 and throw it onto the wall with a ladle. After that, with a long rail, with light movements to the left to the right, distribute the solution evenly along the wall; this procedure must be repeated until the wall becomes even.
• When the walls are completely plastered and dry, you can start grouting, after which the walls will be ready for further finishing, wallpapering or applying decorative plaster.

Plastering of bare walls made of aerated concrete with a cement-sand mortar is unacceptable, since it does not have good enough adhesion and will slip, and cracks will appear when it dries.

Low-rise construction using gas silicate blocks has become widespread in all climatic zones our country. Unique properties materials, which we will discuss in detail below, allow the construction of aerated concrete structures in hot regions and in places where negative temperatures predominate. However, directly construction works- only half the battle. Comfort of further living in the house, its durability and preservation performance characteristics depend on the competent finishing of the facade and the inner surface of the walls. One of the main stages is the plastering of aerated concrete walls inside the premises. Let us consider in more detail the technology of the finishing process and the nuances that affect the quality of the final result.

Features of plaster on aerated concrete

To figure out how, when and how to properly plaster aerated concrete, it is necessary to study the properties of the building material itself. Features of plastering walls are associated precisely with unique characteristics gas silicate blocks.

Initially, aerated concrete was developed as a material that is used to insulate buildings. Therefore, research was carried out in the direction of creating a porous structure, which, as is known, provides maximum thermal insulation.

As a result, two varieties have emerged:

• foam concrete, the porosity of which is achieved by forced mechanical foaming;
• aerated concrete, in which gas bubbles are formed by adding aluminum chips that react with the main composition (hence the name of the material).

In the process of creating blocks, gas bubbles tend to the surface, punching their way through the thickness of the mixture. Therefore, the cells in the structure of aerated concrete are not isolated, but represent a kind of system of interconnected channels. This is due main feature material, thanks to which the technology of finishing gas silicate is significantly different from other building materials. This difference is vapor permeability. Aerated concrete perfectly conducts saturated water vapor through its structure. At the same time, it has an increased hygroscopicity, that is, it is able to quickly absorb moisture and retain it inside for a long time.

Based on the foregoing, the fundamental principle of plastering for aerated concrete walls looks like this: water vapor must be able to freely remove from the thickness of the walls or should not penetrate at all. Failure to comply with this approach is fraught with the appearance of serious problems in cold season: at negative temperatures, the moisture inside the blocks will freeze, and the material will simply “tear”: cracks will appear, shedding will begin, not only appearance but also thermal insulation characteristics. To avoid this, it is necessary A complex approach to the choice of options for external and internal decoration of the building.

We immediately answer the question: is it necessary to carry out outdoor work? Definitely yes, because:

• impact of factors external environment on the porous structure of the material will lead to accelerated erosion;
• the aforementioned structure, consisting of practically through microchannels, makes the material sufficiently ventilated by air currents, which creates discomfort when living in a house in cold windy weather;
• inadequate mechanical strength open material makes him vulnerable to accidental strikes and other forceful influences;
• a finished wall clearly has aesthetic advantages over unfinished masonry.

Dependence of internal plaster on facade finishing

To clearly demonstrate the reasons for the need to choose a material for interior work in accordance with the design option for the outer surface of the walls, consider the main characteristics various kinds aerated concrete. For ease of perception, we will form a summary table of parameters:

From the given data it can be seen that even the most dense and durable brand of aerated concrete has a high energy saving rate (the value of the thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.15 was compared with that of natural wood, traditionally considered the standard warm materials). At the same time, vapor permeability remains at a significant level for all grades of gas silicate.

In the process of human activity in the interior, moisture is constantly released into the air. In addition to the normal breathing of the inhabitants of the house, there are economic processes, including washing and drying clothes, washing dishes, and high humidity in sanitary facilities is their integral property. As mentioned above, from excess moisture must either be removed without hindrance through the gas silicate walls, or not reach the surface of the material at all.

If a special vapor-permeable plaster is used for outdoor work, then a similar composition must be used inside. As a result, the overall vapor conductivity will practically not change compared to the initial characteristics of aerated concrete, and the aesthetic appeal and wear resistance of the structure will increase significantly.

Ventilated facades

Alternative option exterior finish, in which vapor-permeable plaster is also used for interior work, is the creation of ventilated facades. This technique provides equipment ventilation gap between the wall surface and the layer of finishing material. The most common examples of such options are siding or trim. brickwork"in stitching". The creation of ventilated facades provides for the possibility of additional external wall insulation, however, here it is also necessary to use materials with appropriate vapor permeability: mineral wool quite acceptable, while styrofoam and extruded polystyrene boards are categorically unacceptable.

Other finishes

Other facade materials (traditional plaster compositions, adhesive bases for decorative stone, porcelain stoneware, etc.) violate the vapor permeability of aerated concrete, so internal work should also provide maximum vapor barrier. In such cases, it is advisable to use special hydrophobic primers and finishing materials based on sand with cement, and the thickness of the plaster should be much larger than for the compositions used while maintaining the ability of the walls to pass water vapor.

With this method of finishing, the room must have a well-thought-out ventilation system. Otherwise, constant humidity will lead to multiple manifestations of fungus and mold.

materials

The above recommendations help to solve the problem of choosing budget options for interior decoration. Which is better: plaster or drywall? The vapor conductivity coefficient of the densest aerated concrete is 0.16, and the same indicator for gypsum sheets = 0.07, which is more than two times less. Therefore, it is recommended to use drywall only in the case of arranging deaf vapor barrier external facades; to create a ventilated structure, it is necessary to use plaster mixtures for aerated concrete surfaces inside the house.

With regard to the kitchen, bathroom and bathroom in houses made of gas silicate, the question often arises: is it possible to lay tiles? The answer is similar: since the steam conductivity ceramic products close to zero, such a finish is acceptable with a hydrophobic design of the walls from the outside.

How to plaster aerated concrete

Having dealt with the features of the technology, let's move on to the choice of the finishing material itself. With today's variety of building mixtures, it is not difficult to decide what to plaster with.

Most branded manufacturers of building materials produce compositions for working on aerated concrete. Of the most popular, AeroStone, Bonolit, Ceresit or Knauf plasters can be distinguished. Vapor-permeable plasters are somewhat more expensive than conventional ones, so when deciding which one is better, the financial side plays an important role.

Before buying, be sure to read the product description and make sure that the mixture you are purchasing is really intended for working on aerated concrete.

Wall preparation

So, is it necessary to plaster - figured it out, with suitable materials decided, let's get to work. The gas silicate blocks have standard size and fit perfectly in even rows, therefore, preliminary leveling of the surface requires minimum effort and time costs. Usually it is done using grout nets or sandpaper.

The next step is a primer for plaster. This procedure must not be skipped, otherwise finishing material will not adhere well to the walls or crack quickly during operation.

Plastering process

Next, we move on to the finishing work itself. The technology of how to plaster aerated concrete walls indoors is not much different from similar works on any wall base and is easy to do with your own hands:

• vertical beacons are installed along the width of the rule;
• preliminary puttying of the walls without plaster is carried out to fix the fiberglass mesh.

Do you need a grid

We will devote a separate section to this aspect. Plaster is a rather fragile coating. Therefore, at the slightest shrinkage of the foundation, cracks may appear on the surface, despite the monolithic reinforcing belts and other strengthening of the structure. To avoid similar phenomena the laying of a special mesh made of materials resistant to alkaline environment will allow. Strong fibers reinforce the surface and prevent cracking.

In spite of additional expenses for the acquisition, the answer to the question - is a grid needed - unambiguously in the affirmative.

If you want the finish to last for a long time, do not start work immediately after construction is completed. The house needs to stand for at least 6 months, and preferably 1 - 1.5 years. This will allow aerated concrete to reach optimal moisture levels, and the foundation to undergo final shrinkage.

We continue the plastering process:

• we throw a layer of plaster from the bottom up over the cultivated area;
• focusing on the beacons, level the surface;
• we dismantle the beacons and close up the places of their fastening;
• after drying, we finally overwrite the walls.

Tools

Scroll necessary tools small:

• sandpaper and grout meshes;
• long profiles for beacons;
• brush or roller for applying a primer;
• breeding container plaster mixture;
• spatula for application;
• rule for leveling the surface

putty

If further painting of aerated concrete is planned, after plastering it is recommended to carry out finishing puttying. This will improve the adhesion of the paint to the surface and increase its life. To carry out the operation, use special formulations for puttying aerated concrete, sold in construction supermarkets.

Aerated concrete is a popular building material that is used in housing construction.

The blocks are large enough, but light weight.

With their help, you can short time build a comfortable and safe building.

Plastering walls made of aerated concrete indoors differs from finishing work on walls made of brick or concrete. And this process complicates the work a little, so you need to approach it responsibly and carefully study all the nuances.

Features of aerated concrete and its advantages

Aerated concrete is made from cement mixture and aluminum powder, which foams concrete.

This technology provides for the formation of open cells, which raise questions about finishing work. The cells increase the vapor permeability and water permeability of aerated concrete.

The erection of walls and finishing work is best done in the warm season. First of all, it is necessary to plaster the inside of the house, and then move on to the facade, so everything will be preserved positive sides this material.

If you do not follow this order, then excess moisture will accumulate in the blocks, which will lead to the formation of condensation on the internal walls of the house. Over time, mold, cracks, or peeling of the plaster layer may appear on the walls.

The material is used for construction residential buildings, dachas, garages, baths, cellars. Aerated concrete blocks have many advantages than other materials:

• Low cost (building a house will cost several times cheaper than, for example, from brick);
• Convenience, simplicity and reliability of installation;
• Good thermal insulation;
• Fire safety.

The choice of plaster for finishing work

For aerated concrete, it is not recommended to use a mixture of cement and sand.

The material quickly absorbs water, which is part of conventional mixtures. Moisture remains in the cells and after drying, small microcracks form on the plaster. A conventional mortar reduces the vapor barrier level of aerated concrete.

For quality finishes interior spaces plaster is used high rate moisture resistance. The second layer of finishing material is used with the addition of slag or blast furnace sand. This composition increases the thermal insulation of the room.

For interior decoration of premises, you can use a ready-made special mixture for aerated concrete blocks. This building product is produced by domestic and foreign manufacturers.

You can use plaster, which is designed specifically for foam blocks. The mixture is resistant to low temperatures, vapor impermeability, impact resistance.

Finishing work should preferably be carried out at a temperature of at least +5 ° C and at a low level of humidity.

On each package of the building mixture, the method of using the mortar is indicated. It is important to read the instructions and pay attention to the expiration date.

When kneading the mixture, it is important to follow a certain sequence: immediately pour the dry mixture into the container, and then gradually add warm water.

As a rule, water is added to dry plaster mixtures in proportion - 200 ml per 1 kg of mixture warm water. Then mix everything thoroughly with a concrete mixer or a construction mixer.

Required tools and work steps

To carry out the work, you will need a special container in which the solution will be mixed. It can be a bucket (plastic or iron) or a tank.

For effective mixing of the solution, you will need a drill with a mixing nozzle. It will not be possible to prepare a solution of the desired consistency with your hands; clots or lumps will come across in it.

Plaster is thrown onto the blocks using a plaster ladle or trowel.

Alignment is carried out with a spatula or profil. It is advisable to purchase plaster beacons, with their help it will be easier to make the surface perfectly even.

You can rub the surface with a plaster float or fine sandpaper. To simplify the application of plaster, it is recommended to use fiberglass mesh.

Plastering walls made of aerated concrete indoors is a time-consuming and scrupulous task. Finishing work must be approached responsibly and strictly follow the sequence of execution.

It is necessary to prepare the walls for applying the mortar. Carefully remove dust, adhesive residues or any contamination from the surface. If there are oil stains, they must be removed with gasoline or alcohol.

If the stain cannot be cleaned, then it must be hollowed out of the block. Then carefully cover the hole with a solution. It is also necessary to wipe all the seams and only then proceed to the next step.

Cover the walls liberally with a primer for gas concrete walls. Such solutions are vapor-tight. The primer must be applied in several layers on dry walls. Each layer should be allowed to dry before applying the next.

The adhesion of plaster to aerated concrete is low, so it is necessary to use a reinforced mesh made of alkali-resistant fiber. This mesh is strong enough.

You need to fasten the mesh to the walls with nails (12 cm) or dowels with a wide hat. The mesh must be firmly fixed so that it does not sag.

You need to apply a draft. The mixture is thrown onto the surface with a trowel, and then leveled with a rule.

Applying a primer on a rough layer of plaster. Slag sand must be added to the primer. The final layer of putty is applied with a trowel.

After drying, it is necessary to wipe the walls. Give time for the walls to dry (2 days) and then you can proceed to decorative design surfaces.

Master class on the process of processing aerated concrete surfaces:

From aerated concrete blocks indoors, it is not an easy task, but the right choice of building materials and compliance with the basic rules will give the desired result.

Plastering walls with plaster: advantages and disadvantages in comparison with other types of finishing work
Construction and repair technologies are changing, new materials are appearing, but plaster remains a popular method of wall decoration that has stood the test of time. Reliability, solidity and durability of the result obtained are weighty arguments in favor of plastering.

Drywall, which has gained popularity for its ease of installation and has become an excellent option for perfectly leveling walls, could not completely displace its "fundamental" competitor. Although communications are conveniently hidden under drywall sheets and a heat-insulating layer can be put - these are undoubted advantages, but they cannot withstand loads, reduces the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room and requires finishing are the downsides.

The process of plastering aerated concrete inside the house, like any other room, is laborious, it takes more funds and time, one has to go through a rather “dirty” period, but as a result, the walls become quality coating capable of lasting for several decades. Of course, it also requires a decorative finish, but unlike a plasterboard base, its strength can withstand almost any load - you can mount shelves and canopies on these walls and embody any design and repair experiments.

Plaster can be applied to any surface, except for very uneven walls, for the alignment of which you need a thick layer concrete mix. In this case, it is easier and more profitable to use drywall finishing.

The choice of material for plastering aerated concrete walls

Aerated concrete (gas silicate blocks) is a relatively new building material, but it has gained incredible popularity and the title of "revolutionary" in the market. Thanks to its cellular structure, it provides good thermal insulation combined with excellent air and moisture conductivity.
Its excellent air and vapor transmission characteristics place particular demands on technology, finish quality and materials used.

Firstly, the finishing material should not drown out these valuable qualities, completely blocking the pores and depriving the house of the ability to "breathe".

Secondly, porous aerated concrete, providing good air exchange, can quickly "dry" the wall finished with plaster and cause cracks on it.

Therefore, the choice of material for plastering aerated concrete surfaces is approached with great care. It is necessary to use specially formulated plaster mixtures marked "For aerated concrete". They have added components that bring the properties of the plaster as close as possible to the properties cellular concrete and improving its adhesive, adhesive and vapor-permeable characteristics.
In addition, the mortar prepared from these mixtures acquires elasticity and resistance and can be applied to the walls in a thin layer.

Sequence of work

For the same reasons, the sequence of work has its own specifics: first, the internal walls are plastered, they are waited for to dry completely, and only then can external finishing work be started. Moisture should completely come out from the inside to the outside, and not vice versa.

The plastering process consists of three stages:

• foundation preparation;
• applying the base layer;
• applying a finishing coat.

Foundation preparation. gas silicate walls have a smooth, uniform surface with very thin seams, since not concrete, but glue is used during masonry. A smooth surface necessarily requires the application of a primer layer, which enhances the adhesion strength of the plaster and the wall and reduces the moisture-absorbing properties of aerated concrete so that drying occurs evenly.

Applying the base coat. After the primer dries, the dry mixture is diluted with water in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and a base reinforcing layer of plaster is applied to the wall with a notched trowel. It is reinforced with an alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh: it is simply pressed with a trowel into the upper third of the layer and smoothed out. Mesh sheets are embedded in plaster with an overlap of 8-10 mm one by one. They prevent the appearance of deformations, shrinkage and cracks.

Sufficient thickness of the base layer of about 4 mm - special additives in the mix for aerated concrete work make it possible to obtain durable coating with minimum thickness. The plaster dries for a long time - you have to put up with it. As a rule, it takes 1 day to dry 1 mm, thus. the entire layer will dry for about 4 days.

Applying the finish coat. It is recommended to prime the base reinforcing layer before applying the finish coat. The decorative layer is applied with a metal float. Its thickness depends on the size of the fractions in the mixture - solid particles that give the plaster a relief pattern. For example, if the size of the fractions is 2 mm, then the thickness of the decorative layer should not be more than 2 mm.

After leveling the plaster and waiting a little while until it “grabs”, it is “textured” with a plastic grater - they give relief. Some finishes do not need further painting as they already contain color pigments.

It will be useful to know that finishing work in a house made of gas silicate bricks is not recommended to start immediately after the construction of the frame. The humidity of a "fresh" aerated concrete block from the factory is high - about 30%, it is advisable to wait about six months for it to dry up to 15%. Aerated concrete walls do not require special insulation, so the house can be used at first without finishing.

Finishing begins with plastering aerated concrete inside the house, i.e. from the inner walls, and complete the outer ones, and in no case vice versa. Drying must go through the outer wall.

Work is carried out in compliance with temperature regime in the range from +8 to +30 C. Optimally - at 15-20 C.

By following the recommendations right technology works and selection of appropriate materials, plastered aerated concrete walls will last for decades, providing comfortable air exchange, lack of dampness and cracks on the surface.

Lightweight, practical, reliable, inexpensive cellular concrete has created competition with traditional building materials. But at the same time, we have to look for new finishing technologies, and special attention here requires plastering walls of aerated concrete indoors and outdoors. Many factors have to be taken into account: the unpresentable appearance of aerated concrete, the non-moisture resistance of foam blocks, shrinkage, and poor adhesion, so special requirements are put forward for plaster.

Next, we will analyze in detail how the technology of plastering walls made of aerated concrete and other cellular surfaces differs from finishing high-density materials, we give step by step instructions, we will tell you what types of mixtures for blocks exist, how to prepare a solution with your own hands. We also picked up a few videos on how to do the plastering of aerated concrete walls with your own hands, video tips will help you avoid major mistakes when doing work.

Types of plasters for concrete, aerated concrete, foam blocks, expanded clay concrete, gas silicate blocks

Plaster is the most rational way to protect, level and finish surfaces made of foam concrete and gas blocks, only it will help to optimize operational properties porous material:

• improve heat and sound insulation;
• protect against harmful chemical, biological and atmospheric influences;
• prevent saturation of foam and aerated concrete with dust and hydrocarbon compounds, thereby preventing shrinkage, cracking;
• provide good vapor barrier, oxygen exchange is a good prevention against the formation of fungi and mold;
• improve hygroscopic characteristics;
• protect against large temperature deltas;
• prevent wear and mechanical damage concrete blocks.

Watch how interior aerated concrete plastering is done, a video on preparing the base.

Block to block - discord

At the moment, there are two types of cellular concrete blocks, they differ in manufacturing technology:

• Cast foam concrete blocks - the solution is poured into a special molding template-cassette, where it solidifies until completely cured. This method of production has significant disadvantages: when hardening on outdoors irregularities, bumps are formed, and when pulling out their forms, chips of edges and corners are not uncommon. To facilitate the excavation, the formwork is impregnated with special oil compounds that eat into the foam concrete, without contributing to the adhesive characteristics during plastering.
• Saw foam blocks are distinguished by good geometry, as they are made of a large solid slab, which, after solidification, is sawn into segments. The edges are smooth, the surface is rough. Walls made of such blocks are much easier to plaster. Aerated concrete blocks are also made by sawing, but during the production process they are subjected to vibration in order to compact the material, accelerate the reactions inside the mortar and hardening. After unevenness and bubbles, they are carefully cut off from the surface with a string and concrete block placed in an autoclave heat treatment. Plastering on aerated concrete for interior work and exterior decoration is much simpler than other cellular concrete blocks.

To improve the physical and mechanical characteristics of the blocks, expanded polystyrene is added to the working solution; at the output, it has an improved expanded polystyrene block

Properties of plaster for foam and gas blocks

Plaster for exterior and interior finishing of gas and foam concrete blocks should not interfere with the natural characteristics of the porous material. And first of all, vapor permeability should be taken into account. If this property is overlooked, condensation will accumulate between the wall and the plaster, and as a result, fungus and mold will develop. Therefore, plaster for gas and foam blocks should conduct air flows and water vapor well. And of course, the plaster must have high adhesion, otherwise it will simply peel off even from a well-prepared gas or foam concrete surface.

Wall plaster made of gas silicate blocks and foam concrete must fulfill two mutually exclusive requirements: be sufficiently vapor-tight to keep the indoor climate comfortable for life, and at the same time, conduct air and moisture well to protect the walls from microorganisms and fungal infection. In addition, if condensate accumulates between the layer of plaster and the wall of foam, aerated concrete, then after several cycles of freezing and thawing Basic structure will start to crumble.

Types of cellular concrete used in modern construction

What kind of plaster for foam and aerated concrete blocks is better to choose

According to experts, for plastering walls made of foam and aerated concrete blocks, it is better to use ready-made dry mixes, sold in bags of 25-30 kg. They include additives and plasticizers that improve the physico-chemical characteristics of the solution, adhesive and vapor-permeable properties.

Table of plaster mixes for cellular concrete walls

Watch the lesson on how to make thin plaster walls from foam blocks with your own hands, the video will help you understand everything technological nuances process.

Special plaster for gas silicate blocks and foam concrete, developed by manufacturers taking into account all the characteristics of the material:

• Sh-36 is a cement-based dry mix containing synthetic reinforcing fiber.
• PROFIT CONTACT MN - cement-sand mortar with special additives, plaster for mechanized application.
• Dali - universal plaster for foam and aerated concrete walls.
• Mix mask - dry cement-quartzite plaster, improved with polymer additives.
• ATLAS KB-TYNK is a lightweight wall mix for cellular concrete.

The technology of plastering walls made of cellular concrete

The difference in the characteristics of gas and foam concrete blocks also implies differences in wall plastering technology. One general rule is that preference should be given to ready-made thin-layer, light plaster mixtures.

Training

In order for the facade and internal plaster of walls made of aerated concrete and concrete blocks to hold well and not peel off, the surfaces must be well cleaned of greasy and bituminous stains. Casting blocks should be treated with a coarse abrasive, while sawing blocks are rougher, so here you can get by with sandpaper only on slopes and corners.

The next step is the primer:

• it is better to impregnate gas silicate walls with compounds with water-repellent additives, a primer for aerated concrete for plastering on an organosilicon base and alcohols as solvents;
• foam concrete is recommended to be impregnated with emulsions from a mixture of polymers, deep penetration, which reduce the absorption characteristics of surfaces.

The soil must contain additives that prevent the formation and development of fungi and mold.

The grid can be strengthened on a quick-drying solution or on a dubel-mushroom

After processing the walls, we strengthen the reinforcing frame, it is rational to use polymer meshes resistant to an alkaline environment, the cell size depends on the thickness of the mortar layer. We expose beacons, we strengthen the corners with a special profile.

Spraying will increase the adhesive properties of the walls

Facade plaster for foam blocks

Optimum external plaster layer for foam concrete 15-20 mm. We moisten the walls well with water from a spray bottle. We dilute the mixture as indicated in the instructions on the package. For the first layer, you will need a solution of the consistency of liquid sour cream. We make a spray, a layer of 5-10 mm, let it stand a little, this will provide better grip.

The second layer is applied with a thick solution, it should not drain from the trowel. We throw the required thickness and draw out the solution with the rule. After 20-30 minutes, we overwrite small irregularities with a spatula.

Plaster for foam blocks inside

For better adhesion, inside the walls of foam blocks should be treated with an additional layer of soil. Remember that the inner plaster layer must be 2 times thicker than the outer layer, this is the only way to bypass the dew point at the plaster / block interface.

From bottom to top we apply the base layer of the solution, straighten the rule according to the beacons. We apply a thinner finish layer when the main one has dried up. It should not be thicker than 10 mm, the surface is leveled with floats, in a circular motion, with effort.

Facade plaster for aerated concrete

Vapor-permeable plaster for aerated concrete is suitable here, a special ready-made mixture with a high content of gypsum, which also contains fine-grained perlite sand and lime dough. Mixes are universal, suitable for outdoor and indoor use.

Remember, the outer plaster layer is not recommended to be more than 20 mm. To finish the walls with your own hands, we throw a layer of mortar, level the rule along the lighthouses. When the solution sets, apply a thin layer up to 5 mm, and carefully smooth the surface for painting.

Aerated concrete plaster for outdoor use must be protected from getting wet, in regions with a humid microclimate this is especially true. To extend the life of the finish and the house as a whole, the exterior plaster for aerated concrete walls is processed protective layer water repellent.

Plaster walls of aerated concrete indoors

Aerated concrete internal plaster is made with non-moisture resistant mixtures. In baths, bathrooms, pools - surfaces are treated with waterproofing materials, and only then the walls are plastered with moisture-resistant cement-based compounds.

Rough finish - apply the mixture on the prepared wall, leave for an hour, gently smooth it. Next, you can proceed to fine finish, on a well-prepared base layer, you can safely apply decorative plaster, stick tiles, putty under wallpapering.

The recipe for a plaster mix for aerated concrete from homemade

Buy for large volumes ready mix it can be expensive, a do-it-yourself solution will be much cheaper. We offer a recipe for plaster for aerated concrete walls:

• 1 hour cement, not lower than M400;
• 3 hours of cut sandstone, fraction up to 3 mm (some craftsmen recommend using perlite sand);
• 1/3 lime dough.

Mix the dry ingredients thoroughly, add water and lime, bring the solution to a pasty state. Liquid soap can be added to the solution as a plasticizer.

We offer you to watch the final stage of plastering concrete walls with your own hands, the video demonstrates the pre-finishing.