Clinker brick for facade dimensions. What are the dimensions of a single brick. Prices for clinker bricks "Friesenjung"

The main materials used in construction for the walls of buildings are most often not aesthetically pleasing and ugly. To improve the appearance of such structures, finishing work is often carried out, in which facing bricks are used. It can be both standard and non-standard dimensions (but nevertheless approved by GOST). What types of facing bricks exist today, we will tell in this article.

Purpose and varieties

Facing buildings with brick not only ennobles them appearance, but also creates additional protection from the adverse effects of the external environment, and also increases the strength of the erected walls.

The classification of bricks is carried out according to several main features:

1. on production technology- full-bodied and hollow;
2. according to the manufacturing method - using special equipment or manually;
3. by types of surface - smooth, rough (matte);
4. for finishing;
5. by color - red, white, yellow, etc .;
6. according to the material of manufacture - silicate, hyper-pressed (concrete), clinker, ceramic;
7. according to the method of hardening - ceramic (by furnace firing), unfired.

Hollow bricks, in addition to light weight, compared to full-bodied bricks, also retain heat better (on average by 10-15%).

Ceramic bricks are obtained by high temperature firing. prepared and formed mixture consisting of low-melting red clay with various additives that correct thermoplasticity. These additional elements include quartz sand, sawdust, ash, dust from coal, etc.

The main difference between ordinary and facing bricks is the more precise preparation of all ingredients up to the stage of formation of the product itself. This helps to reduce the likelihood of cracks and the appearance of unaccounted for elements that can mutilate the appearance of the product.

The finished product is distinguished by a very high moisture resistance, strength and ability to retain heat. Produced ceramic facing brick in all the variety of colors and textures, which is achieved by adding mineral dyes to the composition of the brick mixture, such as chromium oxide, ground iron and manganese ore and other components.

Clinker brick in several respects it is similar to ceramic, but differs in the composition of raw materials and firing modes. To create clinker, medium and refractory clays are taken, therefore, its heat treatment requires higher temperatures.

The logical result of this is that in terms of moisture resistance and strength, clinker bricks are superior to ceramic ones. But he is inferior to him in the preservation of heat. This minus is offset by the fact that the clinker has the ability to effectively resist destructive impact frost.

In terms of color and texture, this type of brick for facing is on a par with ceramic.

hyperpressed, or concrete brick is made from a mixture of cement, granite chips and water. This type of cladding is not fired, bricks are simply formed from the mixture, and the solidification process proceeds naturally.

In terms of strength, hyper-pressed bricks do not “pass in” to clinkers, they are very resistant to various external influences. Excellent appearance is provided by rich colors finished products.

Silicate facing bricks are made from a mixture of silicate sand with slaked lime. This product also fails heat treatment by roasting. They accelerate the process of hardening of the brick mass with the help of an autoclave - an installation that provides high pressure and temperature.

AT this moment the popularity of silicate bricks has fallen sharply due to the poor range of colors. As for the technical indicators, they are at the proper level. Silicate bricks absorb moisture better, but are more resistant to regular wetting, freezing and thawing processes.

Different texture of the surface of facing bricks is produced mainly by drawing sketches on the mass that has not yet hardened before firing in the kiln.

Except this method, the following surface decoration methods are also used.

• Shotcrete. Mineral chips are applied to the edges of the bricks.
• Engobing. The surface of the product is coated with a special composition, which, under the influence of elevated temperature, turns into a glossy film.
• Glazing. In many respects it is similar to the engobing method, the difference is only in the thickness and durability of the resulting film, since here these indicators are greater.

Product dimensions

Bricks for facing are produced in different sizes.

Brick size chart for cladding

• Standard. The reference dimensions of a brick for facing are 250x120x65 mm. Differences for industrial products are found only in thickness. This does not apply to handmade products.
• Single. The thickness of this type of brick is 65 mm.
• One and a half. Thickness index for of this type equal to 88 mm, and for a double - 138 mm.
• Decorative. The reference dimensions of decorative bricks can have such values ​​\u200b\u200b- 250x120x65 mm, 250x90x65 mm and 250x60x65 mm.
• Euro. European manufacturers have slightly different standards for the dimensions of bricks for facing: for a ceramic product - 250x85x65 mm, for a thickened type - 250x85x88 mm.

Product parameters depending on the color

The most widespread shades of facing bricks are red, yellow, white.

The composition of the raw materials for red brick includes iron, it is made by firing at a temperature of about 1000 degrees. As a result, the building material receives high strength, durability and reliability in use. It is used for laying the foundation, walls, stoves and fireplaces.

Sand and lime are the main raw materials for the production of white building materials. Aesthetically attractive, frost and moisture resistant, durable material is not affected by temperature fluctuations. Houses, pavilions, fences, etc. are built from it.

Yellow brick is made from clay with the addition of cement and / or lime oxide. The main advantages are good thermal insulation properties and low cost.

How to choose a facing brick, see the video below.

Exterior decoration of the house requires certain knowledge, taste and money.

With all these qualities, with the choice of material for outer cladding there will be no problems.

Clinker brick, the most durable and resistant to any destructive influences, is the most preferred material for home decoration.

It is able to protect the walls from any influences, to form a stylish and very atmospheric appearance of the house, reminiscent of solid old buildings.

It is worth knowing as much as possible about the properties of this material, it deserves it.

Clinker brick for facade

Clinker brick is one of the varieties ceramic material with the highest hardness and strength.

The material is made from special raw materials - kaolin clay, which contains special substances (aluminum oxide, iron oxide, etc.), which enhance the properties of bricks during firing and give the material a certain shade of color - from cherry to dark purple. Gray and black tints are due to carbon monoxide, which appears due to a decrease in the amount of oxygen during firing.

There are two technological modes for the manufacture of clinker bricks. The first and most common is extrusion. The plastic material is continuously pulled through the molding slots with periodic trimming.

The second way is individual molding, made for more expensive grades of material made for specialized nominal orders. From the point of view of stability of shape and dimensions, the first method is preferable, which gives a standard size of material that facilitates work.

The properties of the material allow it to be used in a somewhat unusual quality - for example, for finishing pools or paving sidewalks. The material copes with these duties quite effectively.

Photo of a house with clinker bricks:

Advantages and disadvantages

The advantages of clinker bricks are:

• High strength, material hardness.
• Durability corresponds to the life of the building.
• Almost complete absence of moisture absorption, high frost resistance.
• Resistance to sharp drops temperature.
• High decorative properties face brick.
• Lots of color and texture options.
• Resistant to mold, mildew, moss, etc.
• No fading from exposure to UV rays.
• Does not require any care.

At the same time, there are disadvantages:

• For the formation of a high-quality coating, you will need to contact professional masons.
• The cost of material and work is much higher than that of other finishing materials.
• If it is necessary to maintain the most uniform color, you will have to immediately buy the right amount of material from one batch, since the features of the technology cannot always ensure color stability.

Types of clinker facing bricks

Facing clinker brick may have different types surfaces:

• Glossy.
• Glazed.
• Matte.
• Corrugated (textured).

In addition, there are several sizes:

• Single (1NF).
• One and a half (1.4 NF).
• Double (2.1NF).
• "Eurostandard" (0.7 NF).
• Modular, single (1.3 NF).

By block density:

• Hollow (facing).
• Full-bodied (multifunctional).

In addition to the usual shape in the form of a parallelepiped, clinker facing bricks are available in various modifications designed for neat design. architectural elements building.

There are many options for custom-shaped bricks (additional bricks), they are all designed to form transitions at different angles, design edges or bends of the plane. In total, there can be about 20 options for a non-standard form.

Elements that can be decorated with such blocks:

• Bay windows.
• Columns.
• Corners with rounded or indented edges.
• Arches.
• Window sills.
• Plinth eyebrows.
• Cornices, etc.

In addition, there are several brick formats used in Russia and Europe.:

• DF - 240x115x52 mm.
• RF - 240x115x65 mm.
• NF - 240x115x71 mm.
• WDF - 210x100x65 mm.
• 2DF - 240x115x113 mm.
• 3DF - 240x115x175 mm.

In Russia, the NF format is most often used, although almost all types of material are commercially available.. When buying, you should specify the format, especially if you plan to combine different types of bricks so that there is no mismatch in size.

Properties and specifications

The main parameters of clinker facing bricks:

• Density - 2000 kg / m3.
• Thermal conductivity - 1.17 W / m ° C.
• Moisture absorption - 3-5%.
• Frost resistance - 200 cycles.
• Vapor permeability - 0.07 mg / (m h Pa).
• Acid resistance - 95%.
• Fire resistance - not less than 1800 °.
• Service life - 130-150 years (some manufacturers claim a service life of up to 200 years).

The technology of firing clinker bricks allows you to create a structure that is practically devoid of pores. The moisture absorption of such material is extremely low, which ensures high frost resistance. The only important condition is the absence of open planes (beds) of hollow bricks, into which water can penetrate and break the material when it freezes.

Useful feature clinker bricks is the ability to carefully disassemble the cladding (for example, if it is necessary to insulate a wall or replace a failed insulation) and lay this brick again on a new one. Clinker materials quite easily cleaned from the hardened solution, providing the opportunity reuse facings.

Preparing the wall for facing

Facing the house with clinker bricks has been produced for decades. The presence of any flaws on the walls is an issue that requires a complete and final decision before laying the facing brick, because then it will be too late.

Therefore, all existing shortcomings of the walls must be eliminated. In addition, the insulation must be installed on a flat surface that does not form gaps or cavities that can prevent the removal of moisture from wall materials and become a place for water accumulation.

Wetting building materials or insulation will quickly disable them and start the process of destruction, which is unacceptable and must be excluded at the preparation stage.

Stages of production preparation:

• Cleaning the surface of all foreign objects or materials. Removal of old paint, formed layers, shedding.
• All flaws in the walls, already existing or formed during cleaning, must be repaired with putty. Cracks should be well expanded to determine their structure - inside they can expand and form significant cavities.
• If problem areas are big sizes and there are too many of them, the best option is to completely plaster the wall.
• The leveled surface is impregnated with two layers of deep penetration primer - primer. This operation will help strengthen the contact of the special adhesive for insulation with the wall., will fix the top layers wall material will protect them from destruction.
• The insulation is installed according to the usual technology - in dense rows without gaps or gaps, on a special glue with additional fastening with fungi - dowels with wide caps. Slab mineral wool, polystyrene or foam plastic, etc. are used as insulation.

On top of the insulation (vapor-permeable), a sealed layer of waterproofing membrane must be laid.

Cladding technology

• The cladding can be laid with or without a ventilation gap. The need for ventilation of the lining space arises when using a vapor-permeable insulation. When installing impermeable types of material, a gap is not needed, and steam is removed from the inside using enhanced ventilation. In this case, the lining is laid close to the insulation, which requires special attention to its position relative to the plane and vertical.
• Laying starts from below on the ledge of the foundation. If its width is small, it should be increased using a metal corner attached to the foundation with anchors.
• The first row of bricks is laid in compliance with ventilation gaps between every 3-4 bricks. They are gaps in the size of the usual distance between adjacent bricks. but not filled with solution. The topmost row of bricks is formed in a similar way. The gaps allow for ventilation. ventilation gap and remove water vapor from it.
• Laying is carried out with an offset of 1/2 brick. For stability, the cladding is connected to the wall with anchors every 3-4 rows. They are installed slightly below the row spacing and fold up a little so that the flowing water gets on the waterproofing, and not on the cladding. Anchors are tucked into inter-row seams for at least 2/3 of the length.
• The laying technology is no different from the generally accepted one. Expansion joints required to compensate for thermal expansion are made every 12 meters(on the north side of the house - every 15, dark brick on the illuminated side of the house requires 9 m). Expansion joints are made along the line of brick joints and subsequently filled with sealant or other elastic material that does not allow water to pass through.

Useful video

In this video you will learn about the pros and cons of clinker bricks:

Conclusion

Clinker brick is the most durable and reliable facing material that can serve without changes for centuries. High price on this material is fully compensated by the lack of worries after laying, and the properties and quality of facing clinker bricks are the benchmark for all outdoor finishing materials. The appearance of the building distinguishes it from many other houses, making the building solid and soundly finished.

expert-dacha.pro

Description of clinker facing material

Clinker products are made from a special kind of refractory clay by firing at elevated temperatures (over 1000 ° C). The result of firing at such a high temperature is a homogeneous composition of products, without voids and particles of foreign origin. This technology gives the clinker high strength and durability. Clinker facing material has excellent performance characteristics: it is resistant to water, frost, creates a good barrier against the penetration of sounds and heat leakage. The density of the structure gives it excessively high wear resistance and prevents contamination.

Clinker acts as a universal building material, which allows it to be used in various areas of construction. Such brick is involved in the process of construction of new buildings and in the reconstruction of worn-out ones, they are used to line the facades of houses and construct columns from it, decorate window openings, etc.

For cladding, facade clinker, specially designed for this purpose, or colored (or glazed), is used. Glazed clinker products can have not only different shades, but also are glossy and matte. It depends on the glazing method.

Conventionally, the glazing method looks like this: paint of the required shade is applied to the finished clinker products (2 layers), they are placed in the oven for a short period of time. Repeated firing is carried out at a temperature of more than 1200 ° C. As a result, the coating is sintered with the clinker surface. Glazed material does not lose its rich color for many years.

Quite often, clinker bricks are used in the arrangement landscape design. Such a variety as paving clinker fits perfectly into the surrounding natural conditions natural landscape. When laying paths from clinker products, there is no need to worry: the paths will not deteriorate over time.

Figured clinker brick is a real find for design ideas. With his participation, it is possible to transform the most banal landscape into a whole work of art. Clinker is used when it is necessary to pave sidewalk areas near large office buildings, since such a brick is able to withstand more significant loads than analogous materials.

Without a doubt, clinker cladding is durable, strong and beautiful. But few people realize that it is also safe from an environmental point of view. Clinker production technology does not provide for the addition chemical substances and impurities. Therefore, such a brick is rightfully an environmentally friendly material for construction. What becomes an important factor in the conditions of mass propaganda of environmental protection.

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Dimensions and other parameters of clinker

The formats of the products produced are very diverse: from standard and generally accepted to the most atypical. This allows designers to implement a variety of ideas.

The range of diverse shaped materials with both protective and aesthetic properties is also very extensive.

The material is not cheap. Therefore, his selection should be taken seriously. Products of this kind are made in our country, and in Ukraine, and in Europe. It makes sense to turn to manufacturers that have proven themselves in the market, have been operating in this industry for hundreds of years and tremblingly protect the traditions of technology.

A reliable reputation, for example, has long been earned by German and Dutch companies. It is only important to note that their standards of modernity have some differences from those familiar to our compatriots.

24.0 * 11.5 * 7.1 cm basic brick dimensions for cladding and finishing work.

The frost resistance of bricks (letter F) usually has the designations 35-100. The higher the number, the higher the frost resistance. The frost resistance of clinker bricks is 150.

When hit with a hammer on high-strength grades (M150-300) of products, they break off the smallest crumb and form sparks, but do not break. The strength of the clinker reaches at least M400.

Clinker material for cladding is a kind of "aristocrat" in the construction finishing market. Its technology has been known for a long time, as well as its quality and long service life.

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Description and characteristics of clinker

Clinker bricks are obtained by molding and high-temperature processing of mixtures of carefully ground refractory clay, minerals and silicates with a slight addition of pure water. The main requirement of the manufacturing technology is the slow firing of products in tunnel-type furnaces with heating up to 1300°C. Under these conditions, the raw mass is sintered with the highest possible uniformity, forming a high-strength element without cracks and fine pores.

It is characterized by high color stability, but due to the absence of foreign impurities in the composition, its shades are always natural. The range of colors is wide - from light to almost black. The texture can be anything: from smooth to rustic or velvet. Dimensions comply with standards, in the case of Russian production - GOST 530-2012, foreign - European ISO standards. To reduce weight and improve thermal insulation qualities, they are mostly hollow, but there are exceptions. Despite the different shape of the edges and possible absence chamfer they possess high precision geometric parameters.

Properties and characteristics of facade clinker

Performance indicators:

• The value of water absorption does not exceed 6%, for most advanced manufacturers - 5.
• Withstands at least 100 freezing cycles.
• The minimum allowable strength grade is M250.
• Not afraid of fire and withstands direct contact with the flame. For this reason, it is recommended to buy it not only for facades, but also for facing fireplaces.
• The minimum density is 1500 kg / m 3, the average for most products is 2000-2100.
• Thermal conductivity does not exceed 1.15 W/m °C.
• The average voidness is 30%. Slotted clinker brick size 1NF weighs no more than 2.3 kg.
• Durability reaches 100 years or more.
• Absolutely resistant to UV and biological hazards.

Pros and cons of application
Considered features and disadvantages include fragility, in order to avoid extra spending terms of delivery, unloading and stacking are negotiated separately. This finish is considered elite, minimum costs amount to 1400 rubles / m 2 (excluding installation services). When buying foreign-made products, they increase at least twice.

Unambiguous advantages - resistance to most external influences, high decorativeness, strength and durability. Facades made of clinker bricks remain unchanged throughout their entire service life, this option is chosen when finishing "for centuries". The scope of application is not limited by climatic conditions, but installation is carried out exclusively in warm and dry weather.

stroitel-lab.ru

What is clinker brick?

Peculiarities

Clinker facing brick has unique physical and decorative properties. They are conditioned unusual technology production and use of special raw materials. Brick is made only from the so-called lean clay with high content quartz sand. Mineral dyes and volcanic basalt can be added to the refractory mixture. Under the influence of high temperature, the sand turns into glass. The firing conditions of blanks are very different from standard ones. To obtain a product of the desired quality, the temperature in the kiln must be maintained exactly at the level of 1300 ° C. For comparison, in the process of firing an ordinary brick, 900 ° C is sufficient. Compliance with these technological conditions guarantees a minimum porosity of the material and its density. It acquires exceptional strength and very low moisture absorption.

Strength and safety

Moisture absorption and frost resistance

Durability

Safety: eco-friendly and flame retardant

Clinker facing brick includes only natural ingredients: clay, sand and various mineral additives. It does not emit any substances harmful to health. This building material can be confidently attributed to the most environmentally friendly. Clinker brick can withstand temperatures up to 1800 ° C without deformation. It owes this degree of fire resistance to the refractory mixture from which it is produced. The use of this material in construction increases fire safety buildings.

Flaws

Applications

Types of clinker facing bricks are determined by purpose. Facade is used for exterior decoration, usually has a glazed surface for maximum safety and moisture resistance. Manufacturers offer a wide range of color shades and textures of this type of brick. Pavement is used for paving garden and driveways. It is worth noting that due to its strength, it perfectly withstands significant loads, for example, the weight of a car. building view used in the construction of socles and foundations.

Sizes and colors

• double (250 x 120 x 140 mm);

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Production technology

The term "clinker" itself has German roots and means "brick" in translation. It is traditionally believed that small-piece clinker products with the best properties are produced in Germany and Poland. The manufacturing technology of this type of brick is very simple: it is produced by firing in specially equipped kilns by exposing refractory grades of clay to high temperatures (working temperature indicators, and this is about 1200 °C, an order of magnitude higher than when firing a standard ceramic brick) until the raw material is completely sintered. As a result, we can safely say that since only clay is included in the clinker bricks produced today, such material is more likely to ceramic products like faience or terracotta. It should be noted that the clinker production process requires scrupulous observance of all technological nuances, a special relationship to the molding of products and the quality of raw materials.

Varieties of clinker bricks

The varieties of this material that exist today determine the features of the application of each specific type of these products.

1. Clinker facade tiles is a kind of decorative facing small-piece material used in the decoration of facades, as well as as a decorative finishing material(for interior decoration) premises various types. Its release is regulated by GOST 530-2012. Today, hollow, full-bodied facade clinker is produced.
2. Technical clinker is used for arranging sidewalks, pavements, garden paths, sites both outside and inside. Paving clinker is a more expensive type of technical clinker, which has the same scope.
3. Acid-resistant clinker has excellent ability to withstand various aggressive environments. It is actively used when laying out the facades of buildings and structures.
4. Waterproof clinker has proven itself well in the arrangement of various hydraulic structures operated in high humidity conditions.
5. Specialized clinker allows you to finish surfaces with intricate, complex shapes. The production of small-piece products of this type involves the manufacture of diverse corner elements (in addition to standard ones). Some manufacturers offer clinker facing bricks for various surfaces.
6. Clinker used in decorative finishing works or in the construction of structures (arbors, fences, sheds, etc.) with a small load on the supporting structures.

The production of all types of clinker bricks, except for facade bricks, is not standardized and regulated specifications each specific manufacturer. The difference in the characteristics of each type of clinker is achieved by using different types of clays that differ in the initial data.

Dimensions and weight

The main dimensions of the clinker:

• 250 x 120 x 65 mm (1 NF - single);
• 250 x 85 x 65 mm (0.7 NF - "euro");
• 250 x 60 x 65 mm (0.5 NF - half).

In the manufacture of non-standard products, deviations in dimensions are allowed (dimensions are set by a specific manufacturer on an individual basis).

The weight of clinker bricks depends on the manufacturer and can vary from 1.6 to 3.3 kg.

Depending on the brand and manufacturer, there may be the following characteristics:

• strength grades: M200-M1000;
• water absorption: 3-6%;
• density: from 1500 to 2000 kg/m³;
• thermal conductivity: from 0.4 to 0.9 W / (m ° C);
• frost resistance: from 100 to 300 cycles;
• voidness: up to 48%.

Advantages

• more than a solid service life (at least 100 years);
• high aesthetic qualities;
• high strength characteristics;
• the possibility of manufacturing a huge range of products with any shape, color, texture;
• the possibility of a wide scope of application;
• versatility.

Flaws

The disadvantages of clinker products include a very significant point - their high cost, exceeding at least 2 times the price of conventional ceramic bricks. However, if we consider this factor in the light of the fact that the service life of clinker objects is many times higher than the same indicators for structures made of ordinary brick, then talk about the shortcomings of the first does not stand up to criticism. In addition, for laying this type of brick, it is necessary to use special solutions, due to its low water absorption.

Reasoned Choice

When deciding on the choice of clinker bricks as a building material, it is worth studying in detail the photo, video various examples its use in the construction of objects of varying complexity and purpose. After reviewing the reviews on the operation of clinker brick structures, we can conclude that today it is the optimal material for the construction of objects of any complexity.

mainavi.ru

Clinker bricks have excellent decorative properties and amazing durability. What are its areas of application? What range of sizes, types, colors and textures is available to customers? We will talk about this in this article.

What is clinker brick?

Due to the unique combination of elegant appearance and excellent performance, this building material is considered elite. Its use will help the house look aesthetically pleasing, while giving the facade strength and durability. Clinker brick is much more expensive than others facing materials but the quality justifies the cost. It was invented and began to be produced on an industrial scale in Holland in the 19th century. Its name in translation from the Dutch language means "voiced". At first, it was used only for paving roads, but later it became one of the most popular materials for exterior and interior decoration.

Peculiarities

Clinker facing brick has unique physical and decorative properties. They are due to unusual manufacturing technology and the use of special raw materials. Brick is made only from the so-called lean clay with a high content of quartz sand. Mineral dyes and volcanic basalt can be added to the refractory mixture. Under the influence of high temperature, the sand turns into glass. The firing conditions of blanks are very different from standard ones. To obtain a product of the desired quality, the temperature in the furnace must be maintained exactly at the level of 1300 ° C. For comparison, in the process of firing an ordinary brick, 900 ° C is enough. Compliance with these technological conditions guarantees the minimum porosity of the material and its density. It acquires exceptional strength and very low moisture absorption.

Strength and safety

Clinker facade facing bricks do not require special care and efforts to preserve the aesthetic appearance. Dirt does not penetrate into its surface and is easily washed off with water, this is ensured by the extremely low porosity of the material. This property also prevents the appearance of mosses on the walls. Over time, the color of the brick does not fade, since mineral dyes are added directly to the clay during the formation of blanks. This facing material retains its original view throughout the entire service life.

In terms of strength, clinker facing bricks are twice as superior to ordinary ones. He possesses high level compressive strength and resistance to mechanical damage. Architects use it to build foundations and plinths of buildings that bear the weight of the structure and must withstand heavy loads.

Moisture absorption and frost resistance

The internal structure of clinker bricks is characterized by exceptional density, due to the preliminary pressing of raw materials and firing at high temperatures. The almost complete absence of microscopic pores prevents the penetration of moisture. Clinker facing brick absorbs 3-5% of water from its mass. If the product has a glazed surface, then it does not absorb moisture at all. For comparison, for other materials, this figure is 25%.

Low moisture absorption provides tangible benefits. Facing can be used in complex climatic conditions without taking additional efforts to protect it from precipitation. There is a relationship between moisture absorption and frost resistance. If a brick absorbs a lot of water, its structure collapses at low temperatures. Clinker brick is free of this drawback and can withstand at least 75 freeze and thaw cycles.

Durability

According to this parameter, this material confidently holds the leading position. Subject to all technological requirements in the process of using it in construction and operation, the warranty period can reach up to 100 years. This phenomenal longevity is the result of numerous positive qualities clinker brick. Low moisture absorption, high frost resistance and strength reliably protect it from all destructive environmental influences.

Safety: eco-friendly and flame retardant

Clinker facing brick includes only natural ingredients: clay, sand and various mineral additives. It does not emit any substances harmful to health. This building material can be confidently attributed to the most environmentally friendly. Clinker brick can withstand temperatures up to 1800 °C without deformation. It owes this degree of refractoriness to the refractory mixture from which it is produced. The use of this material in construction increases the fire safety of buildings.

Flaws

With many advantages, clinker facing bricks also have some disadvantages. These include his low soundproofing properties. In addition, in terms of heat savings, it is about two times inferior to ordinary red brick. It is worth noting that this disadvantage is partially offset by the fact that manufacturers produce many hollow types of this product. For example, facing clinker bricks for exterior finish in most cases it occurs in this variant. Hollowness significantly increases thermal insulation.

Applications

Types of clinker facing bricks are determined by purpose. facade used for exterior decoration, usually has a glazed surface for maximum safety and moisture resistance. Manufacturers offer a wide range of color shades and textures of this type of brick. sidewalk used for paving garden and driveways. It is worth noting that due to its strength, it perfectly withstands significant loads, for example, the weight of a car. Building the view is used in the construction of socles and foundations.

Sizes and colors

There are strict standards in accordance with which clinker facing bricks are produced. Dimensions cannot have deviations greater than 4 mm in length, 3 mm in width and 2 mm in thickness. Accuracy depends on the quality of the manufacturer's equipment and the qualifications of its specialists. There are three main sizes of this building material:

• single (250 x 120 x 65 mm);
• one and a half (250 x 120 x 88 mm);
• double (250 x 120 x 140 mm);

European standard - 250 x 85 x 65 mm. The products of German manufacturers are the most popular. Russian clinker facing brick occupies a small market share. A wide range of colors of this material is available to customers. Companies offer about a hundred shades created by adding mineral dyes to raw materials. Decorative properties combined with durability make clinker bricks one of the most attractive materials for exterior and interior decoration.

highlogistic.ru

Dimensions and weight of clinker bricks

Clinker bricks are produced in several formats, ranging from standard to atypical shapes and sizes for building materials. This feature makes it possible to implement any design projects. At the same time, the material itself does not differ in affordable cost, so it must be chosen wisely.

The main standard dimensions of clinker bricks (length*width*height), cm:

• 24.0*11.5*7.1 (base);
• 25.0*12*6.5 (single);
• 25.0*8.5*6.5 (euro);
• 25.0*6.0*6.5 (half).

For the production of non-standard sizes, some deviations are allowed. The weight of the QC can be in the range of 1.6 - 3.3 kg.

About the durability of clinker bricks (brick), its strength, service life and other properties, read below.

The video below will tell you in more detail about the dimensions of the clinker:

Specifications

CC has the following characteristics:

• The clinker brick compressive strength is about 250-350 kgf / cm 2, which will differ depending on the brand;
• Water absorption 5-6%;
• The frost resistance of clinker bricks is 200 freeze-thaw cycles under the condition of 100% humidity;
• The minimum density index is 1500 kg/m;
• The number of voids up to 30%;
• Specific gravity 2000-2100 kg / m 3;
• The average value of thermal conductivity is 1.15 W / Mk;
• High fire safety. Exposure to fire does not lead to their destruction.
• The service life is 130-150 years.

Characteristics of clinker bricks say little common man, but for a professional are extremely important.

This video will tell about the properties of clinker bricks:

QC properties

Due to the fact that the material is subjected to high temperatures during the production process, the result is a clinker brick with increased strength and low water absorption coefficient. Its density allows it to withstand up to 1 ton per 1 cm 2 without loss and change in structure. In addition, due to this property, the brick is resistant to fungus, bacteria and other destroyers.

High frost resistance is achieved as a result of the minimum number of pores that can absorb water. If we compare this material with concrete, then QC is several times higher than it mechanical strength, abrasion resistance and durability.

Due to the fact that the clinker is fired at temperatures above 1800 0 C, as a result, the finished product is extremely resistant to fire. With prolonged contact with it, the brick does not change its structure and integrity.

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What is clinker brick and what are its differences from other types

In accordance with GOST 530-2012, the product is described as durable and with exceptionally low moisture absorption, which provides it with excellent performance and decorative properties. The material can be used in aggressive environments and for finishing work and cladding of buildings.

The product has the shape of a regular parallelepiped with dimensions specified by the current standard. The outer surface of the clinker brick has a slightly rough texture, the color of which ranges from light yellow to dark brown. In total, there are about a hundred shades, the formation of which is achieved by introducing special additives into the composition of the raw materials.

Clinker bricks differ significantly from ordinary ceramic bricks in the following ways:

During the laying of clinker bricks, masons use modified cement-sand mixtures. Such solutions have a minimum setting time, which makes it possible to reduce the time standards in the process of erecting building structures. For decorative purposes, the seams between the blocks are embroidered and overwritten cement compositions with the addition of a coloring pigment. This increases the complexity technological process, but also significantly improve the appearance of the masonry.

Types of clinker bricks

Building material of this type is classified according to its intended purpose. The consumer is offered the following types clinker brick:

Technical characteristics of clinker bricks

The production of this building material is carried out in accordance with the requirements of GOST 530-2007 and 7484-78. Technical characteristics of clinker brick are determined by its physical and chemical properties and internal structure. The product has a high density and extremely low porosity, which provides it with low water absorption and excellent frost resistance.

Main specifications clinker bricks are presented in the table:

Density of clinker brick

High technical specifications of this building material are provided by its composition and structure. The density of clinker bricks is in the range from 1900 to 2100 kg/m 3 , and such indicators are achieved due to the sintering of mineral raw materials during the firing process. This minimizes the porosity of the products, which, in turn, prevents the penetration of moisture inside.

The high density of clinker bricks is the result of pre-compression of the raw material at the stage of its formation. AT individual cases presses develop a force of up to 5,000 kg/cm2, which increases such a block parameter as compressive strength. This building material, used for the construction of foundations and plinths of buildings, experiences great pressure from walls and other structures without destruction.

Hollowness

In order to reduce the overall load on the foundations, unloaded building elements are lightened as much as possible. Facing or facade clinker bricks in most cases are made hollow. For this purpose, through holes or recesses are made in the body of the product. different shapes: they can be rectangular, cylindrical or conical. Voids in clinker bricks are formed during the pressing stage using special molds.

The hollowness of the product is characterized by a special parameter - the coefficient and is defined as the ratio of the total volume to the real one. For certain types facade clinker bricks, this figure can reach 35 - 40%. In addition to purely decorative functions, such a cladding is also a good heat-insulating layer, which reduces energy losses through the walls.

Thermal conductivity

The performance characteristics of building materials are closely related. The thermal conductivity coefficient of clinker bricks has highest value among analogues. This indicator is in the range from 0.8 to 1.16 W / m ° C, for comparison, a solid block is 0.5 - 0.7 W / m ° C, and a porous block is 0.22 W / m ° C, warm ceramics and at all - 0.11 W / m ° C.

The high thermal conductivity of clinker bricks is determined primarily by its density. It was possible to reduce this value somewhat only for hollow samples used for cladding buildings. Support structures: foundations and plinths built from this type of brick need additional insulation. This will help to significantly reduce losses through the building envelope.

moisture absorption

This parameter characterizes the ability of clinker bricks to absorb a certain amount of water. The dense internal structure of the material complicates the processes of moisture absorption. The small porosity of the product is achieved in the process of pressing and firing at high temperature, which leads to sintering of individual particles. The result is a mass with a small number of voids.

Clinker bricks with low moisture absorption characteristics can be used for the construction of critical structures. including those used in aggressive environments with high humidity. Products with glazed surfaces do not absorb water at all, which ensures their durability. This building material is not prone to the formation of efflorescence.

Frost resistance

Clinker brick is able to effectively withstand fluctuations in air temperature up to extreme values. The material has excellent frost resistance, according to the standard, the product can withstand at least 75 cooling and heating cycles. This indicator is determined by high density and low moisture absorption coefficient.

This property of clinker bricks is widely used in construction, the material is used in the construction of buildings in latitudes with a cold climate. Bricks used for paving paths and sidewalks have maximum frost resistance. The material is in constant contact with moisture-saturated soil, which has a certain effect on it. Nevertheless, experts note the durability of these landscape elements.

fire resistance

The production technology of clinker bricks provides for its firing at high temperatures. The structure of the material contains a significant proportion of refractory components, which provide excellent fire resistance. Tests show that the product can withstand temperatures of at least 1800 °C. Structures made of this material remain stable, being under the influence of fire without deformation and destruction.

Soundproofing properties

The high density of clinker bricks determines the low ability to damp acoustic vibrations in it. Accordingly, the soundproofing properties of this material are rather mediocre. Actually, the name of the product, translated from German, means “voiced”, it is these sounds that occur when hitting it. Enclosing structures made of this material need additional sound insulation.

Vapor permeability

The internal structure of clinker bricks is characterized by extremely low porosity. This circumstance explains the low vapor permeability of products. This indicator has a numerical expression in the form of an appropriate coefficient, which for these products ranges from 0.03 to 0.07 mg / (m h Pa). Low vapor permeability facade brick ensures the safety of enclosing structures from moisture. In the interior of buildings made of this material, it is necessary efficient system ventilation.

Environmental friendliness

Clinker bricks are made from natural minerals, and the technology of its production ensures the creation of a stable and dense structure. Products are highly environmentally friendly, during operation they do not emit volatile chemical compounds harmful to humans. Raw materials and finished products undergoes mandatory radioactivity testing. Manufacturers strictly adhere to the requirements of the current standard in this matter.

Dimensions and geometry accuracy

Clinker bricks are produced in accordance with standards that define all of its main characteristics. Products are produced in three main sizes, which are designated by builders as follows:

• single - size 250 × 120 × 65 mm, designation 1 NF;
• one and a half - dimensions 250 × 120 × 88 mm marking 1.4 NF;
• double - dimensions 250 × 120 × 140 mm, designation 2.1 NF.

There are other types of products: clinker bricks, the dimensions of which are 250 × 85 × 65 mm, are called "Euro" and are marked as 0.7 NF. In addition to those mentioned above, they also have a modular single block with a size of 288 × 138 × 65 mm, referred to as 1.3 NF. Incomplete products are also produced, which are named according to fractional parts: “three quarters”, “half” and “quarter”.

The accuracy of manufacturing clinker bricks is strictly regulated by the requirements of the standard. Permissible deviations in length should not exceed 4 mm, in width - 3 mm, in thickness - 2 mm. Products must have the shape of a regular parallelepiped with a maximum divergence of parallel faces of no more than 3 mm along maximum size. The greatest deviation from the plane on any side is 3 mm.

Brickwork houses is time-tested, its strength characteristics meet all the requirements for reliable structures. High performance bricks have been used for many years, it is safe and relatively cheap material. For one m 2 of masonry, there are an average of 50 pieces of a standard single brick. This classic size has been used since ancient times.

It comes with the same parameters for both hollow and solid brick products. The aspect ratio and thickness of this view is the best option when laying along and across the axis of the structure. But over time, the dimensions of a single brick were supplemented with new dimensions, this is due to the expansion of the product range.

Kinds

There are three main types of this material, which in turn have subspecies.

Red

It is known under other names - building, ordinary ceramic and ordinary. It got the name red because of its appearance. It is produced by firing from a red-burning clay variety. When a high-quality red brick is struck or dropped, a ringing sound is heard.

The burnt version is obtained as a result of exposure to very high temperatures on the material, its edges are melted, and the core is black, so a special one must be used for fireplaces and other things. The size of such a block will be with deviations. The unburned version has a dull sound when struck or dropped. Its color is far from red, but rather similar to mustard. Such a product has low moisture and frost-resistant qualities.

By appointment, red brick is divided into the following subspecies:

• Private. It has a rough rough surface and low resistance to external aggressive influences. It is mainly used for walls, which are then lined, and it is also used for various fences and partitions. you can see the dimensions of the ordinary solid brick.
• Facing. It is designed for exterior walls. Due to its strength properties, it is highly resistant to various kinds of external influences. you can see a photo of the yellow facing brick. The link is described.
• Special. Special additives are added to it, which give the brick certain properties. Furnaces and chimneys are built from it.

White

It has a second name - silicate, since 90% of its base consists of silicate, the remaining 10% is sand. Get it in an autoclave, where the composition is simultaneously affected by high temperature and pressure. After this process, the brick product is reliable, soft and weighs little. But he loses to the red counterpart in terms of strength. It happens both full-bodied and hollow.

In the latter case, there are round and rectangular devastations, they are located perpendicular to the wide face. There are two-hollow and three-hollow types. There are two types of silicate bricks: facing and special. Their division, as in red brick, is based on the area of ​​​​application. You will find the link.

Decorative

The most extensive group is also found under the name of facade, ceramic and face bricks. It is used, as the name implies, for facing houses. It differs from other species in its even edges and regular shape, has exact dimensions. Due to the absence of chips and other defects, this material can not be leveled after laying.

It is divided into three broad subgroups:

Ceramic

Available both full-bodied and with empties. The latter not only reduce its weight, but also increase its thermal conductivity. Before laying it, the insulation can not be installed. Its surface is smooth, matte and rough. It can mimic the structure natural stone. The technology of its production is a complex process that leads high costs energy and needs precise temperature control. Different colors material is obtained in several ways:

Ceramic appearance can be obtained not only industrially, but also by hand molding. The latter type is used in the restoration of buildings. A wide selection of colors and textures of the material is used in the exterior decoration of houses. Such a brick has standard sizes, but products are also produced with other parameters that are used to decorate corners and transitions on the surface of the building. The material has increased frost resistance in the range from 25 to 50 cycles, and its strength is M150-M200. describes the standards for the size of ceramic bricks.

Clinker

Clinker bricks are obtained from certain types of clay, which are first dried and then fired at a temperature of 1100 0 C, so it has low porosity. Such a brick is distinguished by moisture and frost resistance, has a uniform structure and high strength, its lowest indicator is M400. There is a large range of this material, it can be used for both protective and decorative purposes.

Clinker bricks have not only standard sizes, but also other parameters, so you can use it to implement any design projects. The surface of the material is also diverse, you can find: rough, corrugated, smooth and chipped options. In shape, it is rectangular, rounded, trapezoidal and with rounded corners. It is used not only for the decorative execution of walls, but also for laying out the basement, for separating window connectors from the common wall of the building. But many prefer to use the usual for these purposes.

hyperpressed

Hyper-pressed brick by pressing under high pressure. Such material is obtained without firing. It consists of limestone dough, cement and dye, which are thoroughly mixed together, and then processed under high pressure. This method determines the high strength characteristics of the M250 material, its ideal geometric parameters and wear resistance. But there is one drawback - it does not retain heat well, so the house must be insulated before using this material.

The hyperpressed type is the most popular, it is used for finishing buildings made not only of brick, but also of other building materials.

Dimensions of different types

The standard dimensions are 250×120×65 mm. The first indicator is its length, the second is its width, and the third is its height. But there are other parameters, this is dictated by the variety of types of bricks and their application. So clinker and hyper-pressed types come with parameters: 250 × 90 × 65 mm and 250 × 60 × 65 mm. The hand-molded ceramic comes out with dimensions of 188×88×63 mm. There is also "American" red brick with overall dimensions 250×78×65 mm.

On the video - a single brick and its size:

Where applicable

Each of the previously mentioned types of material has found its scope. Thus, red, due to its unique ability to endure external chemical, mechanical and weathering used in almost all construction work. It can be used to build multi-story houses, as well as various one-story buildings, fences, stoves and fireplaces.

silicate brick in most cases it is used for laying load-bearing and self-supporting walls, he also participates in the creation of partitions, chimneys from the outside. They are filled with monolithic structures. It cannot be used in the construction of fireplaces, foundations and stoves due to its low strength and high moisture-absorbing properties.

All types of decorative bricks are used for finishing both external and internal walls. Its resistance to the external environment and durability is used to create various decorative structures and decorations in the backyard.

The standard dimensions of a single brick allow you to create any stone structures. The unification of the dimensions of the building material allows you to pre-calculate the required number of products. It also simplifies the pairing of nodes of a brick structure. If a brick is made in accordance with GOST, then its regulated dimensions lie within the allowable redistribution, which makes the work of the builder more productive. During laying, he will not need to constantly bring the artificial stone to the desired parameters. Perhaps you also have the dimensions of a solid brick m 150.

The modern market is steadily replenished with new building materials that are superior to those already available in terms of characteristics, properties and cost. However, there is an indisputable fact that it is out of competition.

Its durability, strength, appearance and other properties greatly increase its competitiveness. Therefore, let's talk today about the dimensions of facade, cladding, etc. (clinker), its properties and technical characteristics.

In several formats, ranging from standard to atypical shapes and sizes for building materials. This feature makes it possible to implement any design projects. At the same time, the material itself does not differ in affordable cost, so it must be chosen wisely.

The market presents products from Russia, Ukraine and European countries. Germany and Holland are famous for the highest quality products, while domestic production has a more affordable cost.

The main standard dimensions of clinker bricks (length*width*height), cm:

• 24.0*11.5*7.1 (base);
• 25.0*12*6.5 (single);
• 25.0*8.5*6.5 (euro);
• 25.0*6.0*6.5 (half).

For the production of non-standard sizes, some deviations are allowed. The weight of the QC can be in the range of 1.6 - 3.3 kg.

About the durability of clinker bricks (brick), its strength, service life and other properties, read below.

The video below will tell you in more detail about the dimensions of the clinker:

Specifications

CC has the following characteristics:

• The clinker brick compressive strength is about 250-350 kgf / cm 2, which will differ depending on the brand;
• Water absorption 5-6%;
• The frost resistance of clinker bricks is 200 freeze-thaw cycles under the condition of 100% humidity;
• The minimum density index is 1500 kg/m;
• The number of voids up to 30%;
• Specific gravity 2000-2100 kg / m 3;
• The average value of thermal conductivity is 1.15 W / Mk;
• High fire safety. Exposure to fire does not lead to their destruction.
• The service life is 130-150 years.

The characteristics of clinker bricks say little to the common man, but for a professional they are extremely important.

This video will tell about the properties of clinker bricks:

QC properties

Due to the fact that the material is subjected to high temperatures during the production process, the result is a clinker brick with increased strength and low water absorption coefficient. Its density allows it to withstand up to 1 ton per 1 cm 2 without loss and change in structure. In addition, due to this property, the brick is resistant to fungus, bacteria and other destroyers.

High frost resistance is achieved as a result of the minimum number of pores that can absorb water. If we compare this material with concrete, then KK is several times higher than it in terms of mechanical strength, abrasion resistance and durability.

Due to the fact that the clinker is fired at temperatures above 1800 0 C, as a result, the finished product is extremely resistant to fire. With prolonged contact with it, the brick does not change its integrity.

GOST

According to GOST standard 32311 of 2012, clinker bricks are produced in accordance with all norms and requirements. This document provides for the division of clinker bricks into and additional ones, which are for paving, areas for pedestrians, squares, decking of terraces, loggias, etc.

GOST distinguishes bricks:

• additional (D),
• square (K),
• rectangular (P) and
• curly (F).

The thickness of the product must be at least 40 mm, and the length to this value must not exceed 6. All requirements for technical characteristics, packaging, transportation and acceptance of the material are described in the official document.

Thanks to the properties and characteristics of clinker bricks, it is possible to carry out a comparative analysis with other building materials, for example, to visually verify that KK is superior to them. This data is especially useful when choosing the optimal building material.

The specialist will tell about GOST and some features of the clinker in the video below:

Facing brick is one of the best and most durable solutions for decorating the facade of a building. It has excellent aesthetic data, is durable, and can be used to decorate a house from any wall material. The only thing that can confuse users when choosing facing bricks is not always standard sizes.

Standard facing brick sizes

The size range of the facing brick is not tied to the wall brick, because it does not carry such a load. This is also due to the fact that by varying the size, you can achieve a non-standard shape. facing masonry, and this may be necessary according to the designer's intention or according to the approved project. Facing bricks can be single, one and a half, and perform not only a decorative function. It does a good job of protecting the building from temperature changes, damping them, and facilitating the work of insulating structures. It is also important that it can protect the main wall from snow, rain and wind, while not losing its aesthetic performance.

The size of a standard single facing brick is 250x120x65 mm, a large-format brick can have a size of 285x85x85, maybe even custom size- 215x102x62 mm. Bricks in these sizes are most often made of ceramic or silicate raw materials. Due to the fact that the facing brick is simply obliged to be aesthetically attractive in the first place, special requirements are imposed on it from this point of view.

Facing brick parameters

1. Facing bricks must have a strictly defined and consistent color throughout the entire batch. The expansion in tone in this case is simply unacceptable, since the wall brick does not have to be uniform. Often it is simply hidden under a layer of cladding.
2. Facing brick must have at least two front faces. They should be either absolutely smooth or textured, but without chips or cracks.
3. The linear dimensions of the facing brick are controlled very tightly, since it will no longer be possible to hide an oversight caused by a mismatch in size.
4. The maximum moisture absorption of the facing brick should be no more than 5%, but besides this, it must also be frost-resistant and have strength in order to withstand elementary mechanical influences. For this, manufacturing technologies are used that are different from ordinary wall bricks, which cannot but affect the price.

The size of one and a half facing bricks

One and a half facing brick has slightly different dimensions from the standard. It is the same length and width, but slightly thicker. Its dimensions are 250x120x88 mm. Oddly enough, but one and a half bricks are sold better than a single one. This is due to the fact that it has greater strength, and is more consistent physical characteristics ordinary brick.

One and a half bricks can be both hollow and filled. Its structure depends on the specifics of the application. If more is meant high load on a brick, it is better to choose it filled. Hollow material is well suited in cases where there is no need to strengthen the cladding, but it retains heat better, since the best heat insulator is still air enclosed in a certain volume. The composition of one and a half facing bricks can be ceramic and silicate. Ceramic has more high density and good sound insulation, but as a result, surface strength suffers. Efflorescence often appears on it. Silicate brick is made using a different technology, which leads to its more favorable price. It cannot be used indoors, but for facing materials this is not critical.

Dimensions of clinker facing bricks

Clinker brick is a modification of ordinary brick, but technologists did a good job with its parameters. Clinker facing brick has excellent wear resistance and strength, and it is most rational to use it in those places where the surface is used most actively. It finds its application on the plinth, on the door and window openings. It is also very often used for paving garden paths and yards.

Clinker bricks are produced from special types of clay, subjected to processing during manufacture. high temperature. It has a very dense structure, which gives it good properties in terms of frost resistance and water resistance. Brick can have a wide variety of colors and textures, and besides standard size, can be elongated - 528x108x37 mm. All this makes it one of the best facing materials.

Facing bricks in any version can not only decorate your home and emphasize the individuality of the project, but also make it warmer and more comfortable, both inside and out.