How to lay only on the roof. Roofing felt cover: selection and installation of material on the roof. Some features in individual cases

In the construction of roofs of garages and outbuildings, an inexpensive, but very reliable material, roofing material, is often used as a roofing. It is usually used to cover roofs with a low angle of inclination, namely where other types of coverage are not able to provide high-quality waterproofing. And below you will learn how to cover the roof with roofing material with your own hands, watch a useful video. We will introduce you to the features of the material and laying technology.

Covering the roof with roofing material involves laying several layers. At the same time, the lower layers consist of lining roofing material, which does not have a protective layer, and the upper one consists of roofing material with dressing. Roofing material dressing differs in different sizes of fractions, the size of which determines the level of resistance to damage.

We cover the roof with roofing material

It's not a secret for anyone that it is not so easy to lay roofing material on the roof, and even more so to cope with such a task on your own. In any case, you can hardly do without the help of at least one assistant.

Roofing ruberoid coating

In the circle of builders, roofing material is often called "roofing cardboard". And, in fact, it is quite flexible and soft material, which is used not only for roofing, but also as a foundation waterproofing. Compared to other modern waterproofing materials, roofing material is cheaper and provides reliable protection against leaks.

Advantages of roofing felt:

practicality (does not require additional maintenance);
durability;
resistance to UV radiation;
resistance to temperature extremes, well withstands plus and minus temperatures;
resistance to the negative effects of precipitation.

The production technology of this material itself consists of:

production of roofing paper (base material);
impregnation of cardboard with bitumen;
application of the top layer of special refractory bitumen.

The organic cardboard base of the roofing material has the least protection against moisture. If the base absorbs moisture, then over time the material will lose its characteristics, including hermetic and dielectric.

The cardboard base gradually rots during swelling, and after a certain time it may be necessary to repair the roof.

How to choose a brand of roofing material for roofing

The roofing felt, which has long been known to everyone, is a rolled material consisting of thick cardboard impregnated with bitumen, with a more durable top layer (sprinkled or smooth). More modern modifications may consist of fiberglass, which provides water resistance and additional strength of the material.

As for the euroruberoid, it, in addition to all this, has a floating polymer layer that forms a viscous surface when heated. It provides adhesion to the base. Euroruberoid does not imply the application of mastic between layers.

The classic roofing felt has an alphanumeric marking that indicates its technical characteristics and purpose. For each layer of coating, you need to choose the appropriate type of roofing material.

In the marking, the first letter is always “P”, which means the type of material. The second can be "P" - lining or "K" - roofing. The third letter indicates the type of the upper layer "M" or "K" - fine or coarse-grained, "P" - pulverized, "Ch" - scaly.

In addition, there may be a marking "E" - elastic. As for the numbers in the marking, they show the density of the cardboard in grams per m 2. For the lower layers of the roof, it is worth choosing a roofing material of the RPE or RPP brand, for the upper one - RKP, RKCh, RKM, RKK. The guided roofing material, in turn, is marked RK and RM.

We cover the roof with roofing felt: material calculation and determination of the number of layers

The number of layers of roofing material to create a high-quality coating directly depends on the possible snow load and roof slope, as well as on the reliability of the roof and its ability to withstand the weight of bitumen and roofing material. The smaller the slope of the roof, the correspondingly more layers of roofing material will be needed to provide a sealed waterproof coating.

Flat roofs with a slope angle of up to 2-3 0, as a rule, require laying at least 4 layers of roofing material: 3 layers of the RPP-350 brand, and 1 layer of the RKM-350 brand. In the event that the roof will be used for the movement of people, 4 underlying layers must be used - it can withstand not only the weight of a person, but also a large snow load.

Roofs with an angle of inclination from 3-6 0 are covered with 3 layers of roofing material: 2 underlying and 1 roofing. If the slope is from 6 to 15 0, 2 layers are enough. On roofs with an angle of inclination greater than 15 0, roofing material is rarely used (except as a waterproofing for such coatings as ondulin, corrugated board or slate).

When calculating the roofing material, it is necessary to take into account not only the number of layers, but also an overlap of 10 cm for each individual strip, as well as a margin of 20 cm for the length of the strips at the roof slope and ridge. The number of materials received is always rounded up.

What mastics to use for gluing roofing material

In order to ensure the tightest fit of the material to the roof, it is glued to a special bituminous mastic (except for guided roofing material, which provides an adhesive layer). It can be both cold and hot, which must be preheated to 150-200 0.

Solvent-based cold mastic is usually sold in cans. Just stir it well before using it. Cold mastic is much easier to use, but it dries much longer. In addition, it cannot provide high coating strength. For this reason, when covering the roof with roofing material, in most cases hot mastic is used.

Its preparation takes some time. Bitumen itself can be sold in solid form (pieces) and must be heated to a viscous state, and then reinforcing filler is added.

Bitumen is heated in a bucket, barrel, boiler and any other container using an open fire or a blowtorch until rare bubbles and foam form. The foam must be removed, and a special filler (20% of the volume) is added to the bitumen itself. Peat, sawdust, fiberglass, sand can be used as a filler. The mastic must be thoroughly mixed, and then applied to the surface of the roof (still hot).

We cut the roof with roofing felt: technology features + video

Free the roof surface from the remnants of the old coating, dust, dirt and debris. Treat the concrete surface with a primer for bituminous mastic, which will improve adhesion. A wooden roof can be sewn up with a continuous crate of edged boards, caulking all holes and cracks.

The roofing material is cut into strips of a certain length, maintaining a margin of 20 cm on both sides. On a roof with a slope of up to 30, roofing material strips can be laid along or across the slope. With a greater slope, the strips are laid only along the slope, excluding the possibility of stagnant water.

A layer of bituminous mastic is applied to the previously prepared roof surface and, without waiting for it to harden, cut strips of RPE or RPP ruberoid with an overlap of 10 cm are laid and rolled with a roller, achieving good adhesion to the surface. The roller itself can consist of a piece of metal pipe or a soft, but at the same time heavy material rolled into a roll.

Then a second layer of bituminous mastic is applied and the next layer of roofing material is laid with a mandatory offset of ½ strip (the middle of the strip should be at the junction of the previous layer). Thus, all lining layers of roofing material are laid.

Before laying the last layer, you need to check the roof for the absence of air pockets and bubbles, and if necessary, roll them again. The last layer of roofing felt of the RKM or RKK brand is laid in exactly the same way, gluing it on the mastic, while carefully monitoring that all joints are glued with high quality, there is no damage to the dressing or the surface of the material.

How to cover a roof with guided roofing felt

The process of preparing the roof surface is almost the same as preparing for a conventional roofing felt. Moreover, some manufacturers produce built-up roll materials, which involve laying on top of the old coating, which reduces the time to prepare the roof.

At the first coating, the surface must be treated with bitumen or polymer mastic to ensure better adhesion of the material and waterproofing properties.

A roll of welded roofing material is rolled out a little in place and heated with a blowtorch until the adhesive layer turns white and dissolves. Then they firmly press it to the roof surface and roll it with a roller. Continuing to open the roll by 20 cm, repeat the procedure. Moreover, the overlap of the layers should also be approximately 10 cm.

With high-quality preparation, 1-2 layers of welded roofing material are usually sufficient (everything directly depends on the slope of the roof). Moreover, for the lower layer, roofing material of the RM brand is used, and for the upper layer, the RK brand with dressing is used.

The roofing material laid according to the technology is guaranteed to serve you for five years, but with proper care and regular cleaning of the roof of debris and snow, repair of problem areas, such a roof can last more than 25 years. Covering the roof with roofing material with your own hands can significantly save money on the construction of a garage and other buildings.

Roofing repair

To repair problem areas on a roof covered with roofing material, you need to perform a few simple steps.

To get started, you should have the following tools and materials at hand: a roll of roofing felt, bituminous mastic, scissors or a carpenter's knife, a hammer, pliers, nails, a brush with hard bristles.

The edges of the roofing material are cleaned with a brush from dust, sand, debris. It would be nice to treat them with gasoline.

If necessary, nails and a piece of metal tape are removed so that they do not fall under the new roofing material, which they can tear from the inside.

A pre-prepared patch from a new roofing material is glued to the repaired area with an overlap on the heated mastic.

The edges of the patch themselves are strongly smoothed and pressed so that there is no void in the places of gluing. Next, the patch can be smeared again with bitumen or mastic.

Sometimes after cleaning the problem areas, drying the bubbles and getting rid of the battens, nails and tapes, the entire roof is covered over the old roofing material, but you should not repeat this mistake. In this case, it would be more rational to completely get rid of the old coating and only then proceed with the new coating.

The roof is the most important part of the house, the quality of which depends on the comfort of living in it. And if modern cottages are covered with expensive roofing materials, then for small country houses, garages and outbuildings, most owners still choose roofing material. This inexpensive material has proven itself successfully for several decades. The article will talk about how to choose the right material and cover the roof with roofing felt so that one lasts for many years without additional repairs.

Advantages of roofing material as a roofing material

Ruberoid is an inexpensive and widely available material. At its core, it is a construction cardboard, which is impregnated with oil bitumen and covered with a refractory material. It is sold in the form of rolls of different lengths. In some cases, either a layer of asbestos or talc is applied to the roofing material, depending on its purpose.

The main advantages of this roofing material are that it creates a very good waterproofing, and laying it with your own hands is not very difficult. The price of covering the roof with roofing felt is also important; today it is the cheapest roofing material.

But in addition to the advantages, the roofing material also has disadvantages:

this material is highly flammable;
it also has a rather low strength;
its appearance can also be attributed to the disadvantages, for example, comparing it with slate or tiles.

Ruberoid is used as a final roof covering, or simply as one of the layers of the "pie" of the roof. Its main task is to protect the building from precipitation. But besides this, roofing material is also used as a waterproofing material in basements and warehouses.

It should be said that it is used not only in construction work. There are some people who manage to heat stoves with roofing material, as well as fertilize their garden with it. Some still claim that it has soundproofing qualities, but this, of course, is not true. The sound insulation of this material is no better than that of linoleum.

Roofing material is made both on a cardboard base and on fiberglass. The material based on roofing paper has a not very long service life, and low strength. That is why it is put in five or even more layers. But fiberglass roofing material can be laid without fear in two or even one layer, and this is quite enough.

Roofing device from roofing material

It is necessary to unroll the rolls in advance and allow the roofing material to be unrolled for at least one day. This is done so that the roofing material does not twist during operation. Another tip, before starting work, you need to see what the weather is like at the moment. The day should be sunny, and the optimum air temperature is at least twenty degrees.

First, the surface is lubricated with a special mastic on a bitumen basis. There are a large number of types of mastics, and which one will be chosen in a particular case depends on the type of roofing material. It is recommended to contact the employees of the hardware store who will help determine the material. To date, there is a roofing material with a self-adhesive surface on sale, which greatly facilitates and speeds up the installation process.

During installation, the sheets are laid perfectly evenly and parallel to each other.

It is also worth paying special attention to the junctions between the wall and the roofing material - there should not even be small gaps.

Summarizing the above, we can conclude. With short deadlines and a modest budget, but having the need to create a reliable roof, and the priority is the quality, not the aesthetics of the roof, it will be quite logical and justified to opt for roofing material.

Roofing material marking

There are many types of roofing felt for laying on the roof, each of which has its own marking.

First comes the name of the material "P" - which means roofing material.
The second letter indicates the method of application of the material: "P" - lining and "K" - roofing.
The third letter characterizes the type of dressing: "M" - fine-grained, "H" - scaly, "K" - coarse-grained and "P" - pulverized.
The numbers after the letter abbreviation indicate the density of the cardboard.

For example, let's decipher the brand of roofing material RKK -420 - Roofing felt with Coarse-grained dressing with a density of 420 g / m2.

Self-covering the roof with roofing material

Before starting to lay the roofing material, it is necessary to prepare the bituminous mastic. In total, two types are distinguished - these are hot and cold mastic.

How to make bituminous mastic and primer with your own hands

For the manufacture of mastic you will need:

several pieces of bitumen without impurities;
fillers (most often it is asbestos);
plasticizer.

To obtain 5 kg of finished mastic, you will need 4.2 kg of bitumen, 0.5 kg of filler (asbestos, sawdust, peat, forest moss, rubber chips or mineral wool), 0.25 kg of plasticizer, which is used oil.

For the preparation of mastic, thick-walled boilers with a lid are used. Wall thickness from 3 mm guarantee uniform heat distribution, and as a result, uniform bitumen heating.

Cooking steps:

the boiler is loaded by a maximum of 2/3, otherwise the mastic will begin to splash out when boiling;
the boiler with bitumen is not located on the fire itself, but at some distance from it. At the same time, it is installed on a stable stand;
in no case should the bitumen be overheated, which can lead to the destruction of the structure. To obtain a homogeneous mass without green-yellow bubbles, there should be no temperature differences;
first, you will need to crush the largest pieces of bitumen and, if possible, remove dirt and sand from them;
the fire must be adjusted so that the cooking process proceeds slowly. In total, it takes about 3 hours;
no matter what filler is used, before adding it to the boiler, it must be crushed and dried;
the plasticizer and filler are added gradually, mixing them with a shovel and removing the resulting foam.

If during cooking something unexpectedly went wrong, then you must immediately close the boiler in which the mixture was prepared. The reason for this may be the incorrect distribution of ingredients, as well as overheating of the mixture. It is not recommended to use such mastic for work. If gray smoke comes out of the boiler and a hiss is heard, then the process is proceeding correctly.

Such mastic is being prepared immediately before the start of roofing work, since its shelf life is not a field of one day. When using, it must be constantly hot.

For better adhesion of bituminous mastic, the roof surface is first primed.

The composition for such a primer is easy to make yourself. To do this, take 3 parts of gasoline and 1 part of bitumen. In the 76th gasoline, bitumen heated to 700 degrees is gradually placed and thoroughly mixed until completely dissolved in it. After cooling, the resulting mixture is filtered through a fine mesh.

How many layers of roofing material do you need to make?

Depending on the slope of the roof, on which the roofing material will be laid, the required number of layers depends. The smaller the slope of the roof slopes, the thicker the layer of material.

Coating with five layers

Four-layer styling

It is used on roofs with a slope of 2-3 degrees (but only on non-exploited ones). Roofing material RPP-350V and RPP-350V is selected for the main layer. A ruberoid of the brand RKM-350V or RKM-350B (which has a fine-grained dressing) is laid on top of it.

Coating in three layers

This thickness of the roofing material is sufficient for a roof slope of 3 to 10 degrees. In this case, it is best to use roofing material RKK-350 as the last layer. Often, when roofs with a slope of 15 degrees are also covered with only 3 layers. But then the material of the brand RKK-500A, S-RM or RKK-400A acts as the bottom layer. The top is laid from roofing material RK-500-2.

Roofing from two layers of roofing material

It is used when the roof slope is from 10 to 15 degrees. With a steeper slope, it is recommended to replace the roofing material with other roofing materials (slate, metal tiles, galvanized iron or corrugated board).

Tool for laying roofing material

The tool for roofing work on roofing felt depends on the chosen installation method. There are three ways to do this in total:

mechanical way. In this case, the roofing material is attached using rails to nails or self-tapping screws. Sheets of material are alternately rolled out and stacked with an overlap along the edges by 15 cm. At the same time, the slats, located along the strips of material, ensure its tight pressing to the base of the roof. Accordingly, for work you will need a hammer or a screwdriver, as well as special plastic or iron fungi that will help prevent damage to the roofing material;

putty on mask. Be sure to have a metal container for melting the mastic and a long brush for convenient application of the hot mixture to the roofing material. This method involves smearing sheets of roofing material with mastic over the entire area or only at the joints (overlap). For work, you need a roller for applying the composition and a manual roller;

with a gas fired torch. As the name implies, you will need a manual gas burner. With its help, the lower layer of roofing material, which is wound into a roll, is melted, and with smooth unwinding and heating, it is firmly glued to the roof surface. To prevent the formation of condensate due to the air remaining between the sheets, a manual roller is useful, which is passed over the entire surface of the roof. This method is applicable only on flat surfaces.

How to cut roofing felt

Since roofing material is sold in rolls of a certain length, it is very often necessary to shorten it. But it happens that you have to cut along the sheets. In both cases, the cut must be even and of high quality. Cutting across will not be difficult; this is done with the help of a utility or shoe knife. And it is most correct to make a longitudinal cut without unwinding the roofing material, and cut off the required width from the roll with a saw on a tree. For ease of use, it is recommended to moisten the material with water.

Roof base preparation

Before laying, it is necessary to carefully prepare and check the surface of the roof. It must be free of debris, dust and other contaminants. And also not to have dents or significant differences in height.

Technology of roofing roofing material

Most often, garages in cooperatives are equipped with flat roofs. In this case, the walls of the building are made of bricks and covered with reinforced concrete slabs. Therefore, laying roofing material is not particularly difficult. It should be noted that this design has three weak points: the junction of the floor slabs with each other and with the walls.

Stages of work

First of all, the surface is thoroughly cleaned of debris, and if necessary, washed and dried until completely dry. In cloudy weather, you can speed up this process with a blowtorch.

When the surface is prepared, you can start heating the bituminous mastic. Its consumption directly depends on the unevenness of the roof surface. But on average, 2 buckets of composition will be used up on a roof area of 6X10 m (60m2). At this stage, a primer solution is also prepared according to the above recipe.

Important! When making a primer (primer) with your own hands, heated bitumen is poured into gasoline, and not vice versa! Failure to comply with this rule may result in ignition of the solution.

The primer fills all the cracks, delaminations, cracks. It is recommended to smear the entire surface of the roof with bituminous mastic, but when laying with the help of fusing, it is applied only along the edges of the sheets of roofing material. In any case, the thickness of the mastic layer should not exceed 5 mm.

Now you can proceed directly to laying the roofing material. Work is done from the bottom up (as a rule, a slight slope still happens). When working with the burner, the rolls of material are stacked in such a way that when unfolding, they overlap each other by about 15-20 cm.

Gradually untwisting, the roofing material is heated with a gas roofing burner and pressed (with a manual roller or simply by trampling it with your feet). The service life of the roof depends on how carefully this is done. This is due to the fact that condensate inevitably forms in poorly pressed places, which destroys the roofing material in a short time.

If the flooring is made on mastic, then at first the entire area is covered with a thin layer of the composition, and roofing material is laid on top of it.

On top of the resulting coating, another thin layer of mastic is applied and a second layer of material is laid. In both cases, the sheets should be perpendicular to the previous layer. After laying, the edges of the material are wrapped and fastened to slate nails. And everything is repeated the required number of times.

Now it's the turn to lay the top third layer. The roofing material for it has a coarse powder that protects it from the effects of the external environment.

Lay it on the principle of the previous layers. It should also fit snugly, the joints have the necessary overlap, and the edges are securely fixed with nails. This completes the roofing work. With high-quality performance, the service life of such a roof will be at least 10 years.

Covering the roof with roofing material video

Roof covering cost

For each roof, the amount of material is calculated individually and depends not only on the area covered, but also on the number of layers. But in any case, it is recommended to take the material with a margin of about ten percent, in case of incorrect laying of any section. Sale of roofing material, most often carried out in rolls from ten to fifteen meters. On average, a roll 10 meters long and 1 meter wide costs from 300 to 400 rubles, depending on the manufacturer. The price of bituminous mastic also varies, but on average a twenty-liter canister costs around 500 rubles.

The use of roofing material is quite profitable, since the low cost of materials more than pays for a rather low operational period. That is why roofing material is still in demand, despite the existence of more modern, high-tech and durable roofing materials.

Despite the huge variety of proposals on the modern construction market, the owners of small private houses and cottages continue to cover the roofs with a time-tested roofing material. This budget roofing material in many cases is the best option in terms of price and quality.

Rolled roofing felt is especially good on low pitched roofs where other materials do not provide the proper level of moisture resistance. An important circumstance is the fact that covering the roof with roofing material with your own hands is not particularly difficult and you just need to familiarize yourself with how to do it correctly.

The process of laying roofing material on the roof does not seem complicated

How good is roofing felt as a roofing material

The classic version of roofing material is made on the basis of building cardboard impregnated with bituminous resin with various additives. Roofing with rolled roofing felt is very affordable. It is not difficult to close the roof with your own hands, only all technological subtleties should be observed. When using roofing material as a roofing material, one must remember its following advantages:

excellent waterproofing qualities;
good flexibility and at the same time tensile strength;
good noise reduction compared to a metal coating;
small weight;
variety of choice;
affordable price.

The range of roll materials for roofing is wide enough

The disadvantages of roofing material include its flammability: upon contact with an open fire, it ignites. In addition, the final strength is rather low, and the surface coating with roofing felt lasts about five years. Of course, the appearance is inferior to more modern materials.

Currently, rolled material is being produced, in which the base of building cardboard is replaced by fiberglass, which does not crack and is not subject to rotting processes. The service life of such roofing material is about twenty years. Note that the old wooden roof can also be covered with your own hands and laying roofing material on such a roof is quite simple and profitable.

Laying roofing material on a wooden roof is not difficult

Please note that there is a roofing material called ondulin, which is very similar in composition to roofing material, and in appearance to slate. Modern ondulin is inexpensive, and the ease of installation can be assessed by the material

We choose roofing material by marking

The choice of roofing material for a specific type of work is facilitated by its marking from an alphanumeric code. The first letter "P" or "R" indicates which base was used in the manufacture: glassine or roofing felt. The second - determines the scope: roofing or lining ("K" or "P"). The third - indicates the type of dressing: coarse-grained, fine-grained, pulverized or scaly ("K", "M", "P", "H").

The figure at the end indicates the density of the construction paper. For example, the marking RPM-400 means: Lining roofing felt with fine-grained dressing with a density of 400 g/m2. A gable roof or a flat roof covered with roofing felt will last a very long time if properly installed.

The inscription on the roll tells a lot of useful things about the roofing material

You can also cover the roof with your own hands with roofing felt - a cheaper kind of roofing material. Roofing has been used for roof protection for a long time, but the material has a limited lifespan and is currently used for temporary structures.

We determine the required number of layers and the consumption of materials

The required number of layers to create a high-quality coating depends on the angle of inclination of the slope: the larger it is, the less layers of roofing material are required. Four layers of roofing material withstand the weight of people moving on the roof and snow drifts formed in winter. Such a coating is laid on a flat surface with a slope of not more than three degrees. If this value does not exceed six degrees, a three-layer “pie” is used to cover the roof.

With a slope of up to fifteen degrees, two layers of roofing material are laid; above this value, waterproofing coatings of a different type are used. When determining the material consumption necessary to complete the work, in addition to the number of layers, one should take into account a ten-centimeter overlap of sheets during laying and a twenty-centimeter margin for arranging the ridge and overhang. Based on these factors, the required total area of roofing material is determined.

The indicated dimensions will allow you to calculate the required amount of material

How to cover the roof with your own hands

Laying roofing material is not particularly difficult. In order to properly cover the roof with rolled roofing felt, it is necessary to carefully follow all the technological subtleties of the process. You should select the necessary tool for the job and prepare the base well for mounting the material.

Note that bitumen mastic and primer can be made independently, and roofing material can be glued without using a gas burner.

Work should be carried out in the absence of precipitation and strong winds. The removal of moisture on the base is accelerated by a building hair dryer, and if there are swollen spots and cracks on the old coating, it will have to be removed. Most often, the fixation of the roll material is carried out using a special mastic, but there are also both self-adhesive and built-up coating varieties.

A necessary tool for cutting and laying roofing material

The necessary tools for laying and cutting roofing material are not difficult. They are available in the arsenal of the home master and for sale in the construction market. You will need the following:

a sharpened knife, better than a shoe knife;
yardstick;
a burner used for welding joints;
roller used to connect the joints.

Mastic for laying roofing material is applied with a roller or a wide brush. To melt it, you need a metal container of the appropriate volume. A self-made shoe knife helps to get an even cut of the material. With a hacksaw, you can cut a piece of the desired width without resorting to unfolding the roll; when sawing, the material is wetted with water.

It is important to prepare the base well

For high-quality laying of roofing material, it is important to prepare the surface on which the installation will be carried out well. In case of significant damage to the old coating, it is removed. A thorough cleaning of various kinds of contaminants and removal of oil stains is carried out.

Stages of preparing the surface for laying roofing material

Then a visual inspection is performed, the cavities and cracks found are filled with cement mortar, the protrusions are cut off. The surface is carefully leveled and dried. This process is accelerated by the use of a building hair dryer or blowtorch. Then a layer of primer is applied, which is used as a so-called primer. The consumption of this material depends on how well the base is leveled.

You can make bituminous mastic and primer yourself

You can make the bituminous mastic and primer necessary to complete the work yourself. A primer is a surface treatment composition that can be easily prepared by dissolving bitumen.

To do this, oil bitumen is placed in a tank of a suitable volume and, heated, brought to a boil. After that, it is carefully poured into a container, where there is already half the amount of diesel fuel (it is impossible to pour diesel fuel into boiling bitumen!), And then mix thoroughly. The composition is ready for use.

This is how they make mastic and primer on their own

Another way to prepare the primer is time consuming. Pieces of solid bitumen in the appropriate proportion are placed in a container of sufficient volume filled with gasoline, tightly closed with a lid and wait for it to dissolve. From time to time the mixture must be stirred, for complete dissolution it will take from seven to twelve days.

Waterproofing mastic is made independently by the method of remelting bitumen. It is mixed with plasticizers and fillers and boiled in a thick-walled cauldron. The plasticizer is used engine oil, the filler is crushed rubber, asbestos chips, sawdust, moss, and so on.

To prepare the composition for ten kilograms of the mixture, eight and a half kilograms of bitumen, one kilogram of filler and half a kilogram of plasticizer are taken. First, pieces of bitumen are melted in the boiler, while the container should not be filled by more than two-thirds, otherwise the boiling bitumen will splash out.

Melt resin much faster than dissolve

Then a plasticizer is added, as well as crushed and dried filler. Cooking is carried out with constant stirring with a wooden stirrer or a shovel over low heat for three hours. The resulting foam is periodically removed.

Mastic is prepared immediately before use and cannot be stored for more than a day.

How to glue roofing material without a burner

It is possible to glue roofing material without the use of a gas burner on cold-applied mastic. It is made on the basis of solvents and retains a liquid state without exposure to high temperatures. Before use, you just need to mix it well. The technology for performing work using such compositions is not difficult, all manipulations can be done independently.

Roofing material laying without the use of a burner

Cold-applied mastic is applied to the cleaned and degreased surface with a roller or brush, then sheets of roofing material are laid on top and tightly pressed. The advantage is the reduction of the terms of work due to saving time on preparatory manipulations, the absence of the need to use heating equipment. The disadvantages include insufficient adhesion to the base, higher cost and significant material consumption.

Features of the installation of the deposited material

The deposited material is a sheet impregnated with bitumen with various additives. When installing the built-up roofing material, mastic is not required, since this type of coating is equipped with an adhesive layer. When laying the deposited material, it is preheated with a blowtorch until the adhesive layer softens, is pressed tightly and rolled with a rubber roller. In this case, the moisture content of the base should not exceed four percent.

Examples of installation of welding material

It is best to work with three people: one person warms up the edge of the roll, the other unfolds it, and the third immediately rolls the heated part. It is required to observe the temperature regime, since when overheated, the sheets burn through. Immediately after laying it is impossible to move on the roof, it is necessary to allow the material to cool. Installation is carried out in two layers, the first of them is ordinary, the second - with the appropriate dressing. This approach provides high-quality waterproofing of the treated surface.

If you need to repair the roofing felt

It is recommended to check the condition of the coating at the end of the winter and summer periods of operation. Over time, problem areas appear on the roof surface, especially if the installation was carried out with errors. In this case, you can make repairs and fix the roof yourself.

Cracks and minor damage to the coating detected during visual inspection, which do not lead to leakage, are simply filled with a heated bituminous composition. Small cavities are filled with a mixture of mastic, sawdust and sand. This roof repair is not difficult.

Stages of repair of a roof from roofing felt

Larger holes are closed with patches cut from a piece of roofing material. Repair of a coating with significant damage is carried out as follows:

the damaged surface is cut crosswise with an ax;
chopped sheets are bent;
dirt and debris are removed from under them, a primer and mastic are applied to the cleaned surface;
the curved edges are laid in place, pressed well and rolled with a rubber roller;
the incisions are sealed and closed with a patch;
for better fixation, you can use nails or press down on the patch with a weight.

In addition to replacing damaged areas, metal collars are installed in places where the roofing is mated with chimney and ventilation pipes. Subject to all technological installation standards and timely maintenance, the roofing material will last a long time without loss of performance. The use of this material for arranging the roof when doing the work yourself will not cause significant damage to the family budget.

Installing an inexpensive roofing material on the roof of a technical building, a country house, a gazebo or a garage is a smart decision. Time-tested material will be cheap, and with good skills in construction, you can equip the surface yourself. Soft rolled roofing felt is easy to use, it can be used on old roofs, when it is impossible to install another type of material without a major overhaul of the roof. The coating is also performed as a temporary solution for country houses, followed by the formation of a finishing decorative layer, leaving the bituminous coating as insulation. The flexibility of the canvas allows hermetically covering roofs of complex shape with a minimum amount of waste.

Two in one: a waterproofing material that simultaneously acts as a finishing layer

Ruberoid: versatile and cheap roofing material

The versatility of bituminous canvas is in a variety of species. One product is used for all stages of roofing installation. To create the basis of a durable multilayer waterproofing surface, a lining material is mounted without decorative spraying.

Rolled roofing material as a waterproofing layer

Decorative roofing material for the roof is produced in dozens of shades and a variety of textures, reminiscent of crumbs from marble, natural stone. Manufacturers offer additional materials for cladding ridges, joints and roof edges in the same color scheme as the base material.

The entire roof surface in one shade

What is roofing material: web structure and marking

Ruberoid is a multilayer material that consists of a base and a double-sided impregnating layer of bituminous composition. The surface layer is a spraying (sprinkling) of mineral substances.

Standard material structure in cross section

The basis is a dense cardboard, in improved new types of material - fiberglass or its combination with polyester. The quality of the base determines the strength and elasticity of the canvas. A special refractory bituminous composition is welded onto the base. The top dressing is made from crumbs of different fractions - from dusty spraying to coarse-grained particles.

The material is produced in rolls. Standard width - from 750 mm to 1050 mm. Each roll is marked with a standardized code that indicates the characteristics, material of manufacture and purpose of the web. The marking consists of letters and a numerical value, for example RCP 300.

Table 1. Marking of a standard roofing felt for a cardboard-based roof

Tab.2. Euroruberoid marking

Types of material: application and durability

Based on the markings on the rolls, choosing the right material for each layer is easy. The advice of professionals will be useful to those who are looking for how to inexpensively cover the roof of a garden gazebo or at home:

For shed, flat roofs with a strong, stable reinforced concrete or wooden base, it is advisable to use a standard roofing felt with cardboard at the base.
The lower layers are less affected by atmospheric factors - it is enough to buy cheap material without decorative sprinkles.
For gable, four-pitched roofs, it makes sense to use 2 types of canvas: inexpensive lining and durable elastic material with a decorative mineral layer.
Surfaces with a large angle of inclination are easier to cover with roofing material with bottom self-adhesive impregnation.

The durability of the roofing material laid on the roof depends on the quality of the material, compliance with the installation and maintenance technology. Inexpensive cardboard-based material should retain its properties for at least 5 to 10 years. High-quality covering roofing material can serve up to 30 years.

Shed roof material

Advantages and disadvantages of using bituminous coating

Ruberoid is a durable material with a lot of advantages:

Light weight ensures ease of installation and low load on the rafter system.
The flexibility of the blade allows you to work with the material on uneven, complex structures.
Availability. Roofing felt on the roof is several times cheaper than other coatings.
Convenient roll form saves installation time: laying one layer takes several hours.

The disadvantages of the material are due to its structure. Due to the softness of the base, the canvas can only be laid on a hard surface - plates or boards. Bituminous canvases are not characterized by good sound-absorbing properties. Fumes from heating are hazardous to health. The low melting point of impregnating compositions of inexpensive roofing material is the reason for the increased flammability. In new types of material, this disadvantage is eliminated, the canvas can withstand heating up to 100 ° C, does not crack when temperatures fluctuate in winter.

A set of tools for work

Covering the roof with roofing material with your own hands in 24 hours

You can cover the roof of a house or gazebo with roofing material with your own hands, provided that there are at least two pairs of working hands. It is difficult to lift, roll out and smooth out bulky canvases alone. Of the tools you will need:

Roulette, level, synthetic brush, roller.
Spatulas, scrapers for cleaning and leveling the surface.
Sheets of chipboard, plywood, rough board - if necessary, equip a continuous crate.
Gas-burner.
Joiner's knife for cutting sheets.
Primer - bituminous mastic, ready-made or self-prepared for surface treatment.
Metal, wooden strips for fastening canvases.
Rags for smoothing on a sloping surface, a roller - press and level the sheet on a flat roof.

Calculation of the amount of material: how to save

How to cover the roof with roofing felt so that it remains airtight for 10-20 years? The answer is simple - carefully consider the purchase of material. A low warp fabric can only be used for the first coats. It is better to save on sprinkling - inexpensive sheets without decorative chips can be laid up to the top layer. Particular attention should be paid to the upper layers, where the material is more subject to physical wear, temperature changes and must withstand significant loads in the form of a mass of snow in winter and high temperatures in summer.

Important! Pay attention to the storage of rolls in the warehouse - they must be in a vertical position. Horizontal storage is fraught with sticking, damage to the material inside the roll. Not allowed: uneven edge, tears and damage. The cross section should be of a uniform dark color, without impregnated light spots inside the structure.

Convenient: a roll with decorative powder and a marked edge for laying under the next sheet

Calculating the exact number of rolls is easy. The total surface area to be covered must be calculated. Then find out the number of square meters of fabric in a roll (the footage of rolls from different manufacturers may vary). Add to the total the area of overlapping edges between the sheets: multiply the surface length by 8 - 10 cm and by the number of horizontal stripes of each slope.

The number of layers depends on the angle of inclination of the roof slope. The maximum coverage of 5 layers is performed on flat roofs with an angle of inclination up to 5 °. Gentle slopes require laying 3 - 4, and slopes with an angle of 45 ° - 2 layers.

Bumps and irregularities - the reason for the breakthrough of the web and loss of tightness

roof surface requirements

Before you start covering the old roof with roofing material, you will have to clean and carefully level the surface. It is necessary to dismantle the damaged coating. The slope area must be flat.

It is impossible to lay a flexible sheet on a standard crate of planks - the surface must be strengthened. Rough boards fixed end-to-end, sheets of plywood or chipboard are suitable as a support. On a solid rigid base, bituminous roofing sheets will not break through under the weight of snow.

Reinforced concrete floors and slopes of pitched roofs should be thoroughly inspected and cleaned of debris and deposits.

Bituminous primer, ready to use

The process of laying roofing material step by step

Installation of roofing should be carried out in dry calm weather. The base must be completely dry. Air temperature - from 10 o. A primer layer is preliminarily applied to a clean surface. Previously, craftsmen used homemade hot melt mastic. Now you can buy ready-made impregnation compositions - this will save time.

Apply the mastic with a roller or flexible spatula. To speed up, facilitate the process, it is enough to lengthen the handle.

Leveling the primer layer with a spatula

A roll is rolled onto the mastic, leveling the canvas. It is necessary to ensure that folds and creases do not form. If the coating is installed on a flat roof, simultaneous laying of several rows is allowed.

Laying sheet on a flat roof

If euroruberoid is used, then it is not necessary to apply mastic under the coating. The underside of the sheet is covered with a polymer film. With the help of a burner flame, the film and the bottom layer are melted, which is glued to the base.

Unroll the roll with a long hook

The next sheet is laid overlapping the previous one by a few centimeters. The canvases are leveled in the direction from the center, squeezing out air bubbles and pressing the sheet over the entire surface. Rollers are used on flat roofs.

The next layer can be laid only after the first has dried. The classic laying scheme is horizontal installation. Surfaces with a slope begin to cover from below, moving towards the ridge. If several layers are performed, then the direction of the strips alternate in each layer: horizontal - vertical - horizontal.

Roller for leveling and gluing roofing material

Seam sealing and edge trim

The lower edge of the canvas must be bent over the edge of the roof and rigidly fixed. Use wooden planks, metal slats. The clamping rail is attached to the base with nails, screws, dowels. The side edges are attached to the ledge of the extreme rail in a similar way.

The seams between the sheets must be sealed. To do this, they are coated with several layers of bituminous mastic. After completing the installation of the next layer, it is necessary to check the fit and degree of pressing of the seam to the base.

Properly finished seams

The roof ridge must be seamless along the top edge and sealed. Use any kind of ready-made and home-made designs. You can pick up strips from the remnants of the required width, use shingles or ready-made painted metal skates.

Care and maintenance: features of the operation of the coating

It is possible to take into account all the subtleties of the use of the material and figure out how to cover the roof. But if there is no experience of working at height, with combustible materials, then it is better to entrust roofing work to specialists. It is more expedient to save on maintenance and preventive inspection of the roof. It is enough to check the condition of the sheets, the tightness of the joints and seams annually - after the end of the winter period. All detected cracks, cracks, peeled off areas can be easily repaired using ready-made bituminous mastic.

Video: roofing roof repair

Ruberoid is a very popular and cheap roofing material for the roofs of garages, outbuildings and similar buildings. This material is indispensable for the repair of roofs with a small angle of inclination, where other coatings cannot provide adequate waterproofing. In addition, any smart novice builder can figure out how to cover the roofing material with their own hands.

What is roofing material and how to choose the right brand?

Roofing material, in the traditional, familiar sense of the word, is a dense cardboard in rolls impregnated with bituminous impregnation and having a dense top layer. Modern variations of this material no longer involve a wooden (cardboard) base, but a dense fiberglass base, which provides increased strength and water resistance.

Ruberoid is a dense cardboard in rolls impregnated with bitumen.

In addition to the options presented above, there is also euroroofing material, which has an additional polymer layer that melts under the influence of high temperature, which allows you to do the installation of roofing material on the base without the use of mastic with your own hands.

The ruberoid coating consists of several layers: the bottom layer plays the role of a lining, and the top layer is a protective one. In addition, the top layer of this material has a dressing, the size of the fractions of which determines its resistance to damage (coarse-grained type can function normally for a long time without repair).

Roll material grades

When choosing a roofing material, it is worth focusing on its technical parameters and purpose, indicated by alphanumeric marking symbols:

The first letter "P" is the name of the material;
The second letter "P" - lining, or "K" - roofing;
The third letter in the marking indicates the nature of the top layer: “M” and “K” are fine-grained and coarse-grained, the letters “Ch” and “P” indicate the scaly and dusty textures of the top layer.

The numbers in the marking are the density value given in grams per square meter.

Material consumption and the required number of layers of roofing material

To find out the optimal number of layers of roofing material for a reliable roof repair, you need to know its angle of inclination, the degree of load (snow load, regular movement of people on the roof) and the level of reliability of the roof (whether the roof can withstand the weight of several layers of roofing material and mastic). The greater the angle of the roof, the fewer layers will need to be laid to ensure good water tightness:

Flat roofs with a slope of up to 3 degrees need 3-4 layers.
If the angle of inclination of the roof is up to 6 degrees, 3 layers are enough: roofing and two underlying ones.
When the angle of inclination is from 6 to 15 degrees, two layers of coating will suffice.
With a slope of more than 15 degrees, the roofing material is used extremely rarely, much more often preference is given to ondulin, slate and corrugated board.

The number of layers of the roll depends on the slope of the roof, the degree of load and the level of reliability of the roof

In addition, when buying material with your own hands, be sure to take into account the overlap and spare tire for marriage during installation. The calculated amount of roofing material for repair is rounded up only.

Mastic for fixing roofing material

When mounting the roofing material to the roof, a special cold or hot bituminous mastic is used. The built-up euroroofing material, in turn, does not need mastic, because it already has an adhesive layer.

At first glance, cold mastic is an ideal, easy-to-use option that is mixed thoroughly enough and now it is ready for use. However, cold mastic does not make the coating strong enough and takes a long time to dry, which brings developers back to the good old hot mastic.

Cold mastic is not strong enough for roofing, so hot mastic is used

Hot mastic is being prepared for the roofing material installation procedure for quite a long time. Pieces of solid bitumen (in this form they are sold in the store) must be melted to a viscous consistency and add filler. The mastic is usually heated in barrels, buckets or special boilers using an open fire or a blowtorch. A sign of mastic readiness is the appearance of foam and small bubbles (this happens when it is heated to 150-200 degrees).

After boiling, the foam is removed from the mastic, the filler is added: sand, peat or fiber (about a quarter of the total volume), and thoroughly mixed. Mastic is applied to the roof directly while hot.

Foundation preparation

Before applying the mastic, the base must be leveled and dried. In addition, earlier the installation of roofing felt was done only on resin, or the repair was limited to the fact that the roof was simply poured with resin without any further lining. A roof filled with resin very quickly begins to crack and leak. If a new resin is poured on top of the old resin, this will further increase the moisture content of the roof.

The same effect will be given by covering the old resin with roofing material. That is why it is important to knock down all the old resin with your own hands to the level of a screed or reinforced concrete floor. If the coating is uneven, you can make a leveling screed.

After the cleaned base dries, mastic can be applied to it. After application, it is worth waiting for the time indicated on the bitumen package in order to allow the mastic to seize.

Roofing material is not laid in wet or rainy weather, in which case it is better to postpone construction until dry days.

Roof coating technology

Before starting work, make sure you have all the necessary materials:

rolls of roofing material;
cold or hot mastic;
metal bar with dowels (if necessary).

Roofing process

The material is spread in 2 or more layers, and the roof must be started from the lowest position, so that the top layer of material overlaps with respect to the bottom one. The main thing is that the joints of the upper and lower layers should not be directly above each other after laying, otherwise water will very quickly penetrate into the seams between the rolls and the roof will need to be repaired again.

This method of installation well prevents the penetration of water into the seams between the rolls.

To speed up the process, it is better to cut sheets of roofing material with your own hands in advance. Prepare all the necessary pieces and roll them into rolls. In the process of unwinding the rolls, you need to carefully monitor that the roofing material lies clearly along the intended border, and does not move to the side. After rolling, you need to heat up the sheets of roofing material along with the mastic. It is necessary to warm up until the protective film on the roofing material turns white. After that, you can begin the process of gluing the roofing material to the base and rolling it with a special roller.

Installation of the next layer of roofing material can be done only after the previous layer has finally stuck and cooled down.

In places where the ventilation pipe exits and at the end of the roof, the material must be glued especially carefully, because in these places it peels off and is most often torn off by wind currents.

Correctly laid roofing material can, with proper care and timely cleaning of the roof from debris and snow masses, serve you for more than 20-25 years. In addition, repair or replacement of individual damaged sections of the roof can be easily done by yourself, which will save you a significant amount, not to mention the overall economy of this roofing.

How to cover the roof with roofing material with your own hands: instructions

Illiterate roof covering with roofing material with your own hands can lead to further destruction. Therefore, it is important to remember a few rules regarding styling.

How to cover a wooden roof with roofing felt. We carry out all the necessary work with our own hands

If you need to save money or you are roofing on a gazebo, outbuilding or in a country house, then the option using roofing material can be an excellent solution, because its price is an order of magnitude lower than other materials. Many developers mistakenly believe that the installation of roofing material on a wooden roof is very simple and can be done at random, in fact, a number of requirements must be met in order for the reliability of the finished structure to be at the highest level.

In the photo: this option is great for wood buildings.

What is needed to carry out the work

Do-it-yourself roofing material laying on a wooden roof has a number of features, and so that the work does not stop, you should stock up on everything you need in advance:

Do not save on roofing felt, get the highest quality of the options.

The difference in cost is small, but the reliability will be an order of magnitude higher.

Ruberoid is an inexpensive and easy-to-work material

The working process

Consideration of the question of how to properly put the roofing material on a wooden roof should be divided into two main stages: preparatory and main, it is in this sequence that we will consider them.

Foundation preparation

As noted above, any gaps on the surface are not allowed, so before you put the roofing material on a wooden roof, it should be carefully prepared:

First of all, it should be remembered that if the crate is made of edged boards, then it is necessary to choose materials with low humidity, otherwise they may subsequently begin to deform, which sometimes even leads to damage to the integrity of the roofing material. The elements are fastened in a checkerboard pattern using self-tapping screws, which should be at least one and a half times larger than the thickness of the board, and it is better to take fasteners with an even larger margin.
If moisture-resistant plywood or oriented strand board is used, then the rough crate is first stuffed and only then the sheet material is attached. Again, the pieces should be staggered so that the seams do not overlap.

OSB board is great for roofing, as this material resists temperature and humidity changes well.

main stage

Now consider how to properly lay the roofing material on a wooden roof:

First of all, you should decide how many layers of material will be required. Some people think that one layer is enough, but they need at least two if the slope is from 30 to 45 degrees, if the angle is in the range from 15 to 30 degrees, then three layers are recommended, and for flatter roofs, four may be required. or even five layers.

The flexibility of the material makes it easy to install on roofs of complex configuration.

Consider how to lay roofing material on a wooden roof in the simplest way - laying sheets vertically: work starts from the gable located on the leeward side, the elements are stacked one after another with an overlap of at least 10 cm, do not forget to immediately process the joints with mastic for wood. If the sheet is not enough on both slopes of the roof, then the elements are laid from the ridge with an overlap of 30 centimeters, the second layer is placed so that the joints do not match.

Do not forget to leave a margin on the edges of the gables and overhangs 20-30 cm in size in order to subsequently close the ledges and protect them from the negative effects of moisture.

The second solution is herringbone laying, in other words, horizontally. Work begins from the lower overhang of the roof, the sheets are laid with an overlap from the bottom up to the very ridge. The ridge is closed with one sheet so that its middle falls on the highest part, this ensures reliable protection against leaks in the future, and many experts even recommend putting an additional sheet on the ridge to strengthen this area.

Sometimes the substrate layer around the perimeter on the valley is reinforced with a more durable material like glass isol

Now let's look at how to put roofing material on a wooden roof in a combined way. Everything is simple here: the bottom layer is placed horizontally, and the second - vertically, if there are more layers, then they are also placed through one. Some experts claim that this option provides the best reliability and durability.

Top horizontal layer looks good on small roofs

How to fix the roofing material on a wooden roof, we described above, now we will consider the technology of work:

Reiki or metal strips are cut into pieces of the desired length, after which it is necessary to drill holes in them half a millimeter less than the thickness of the self-tapping screws in increments of 20 cm. Sometimes, to ensure strength, fasteners can be placed closer to each other, it all depends on the characteristics of a particular roof. (See also the article Type of wood: features.)
The slats are placed along the very edge of the roofing material or with an indent of 1-2 centimeters, the elements must be screwed carefully so as not to deform the slat.

It looks like a finished roof with a metal tape at the joints

As you can see, the instruction on how to cover a wooden roof with roofing material is quite simple, but it still requires several important conditions to be met to ensure the best strength and durability. The video in this article will help you understand some of the features of the work even better.

How to cover a wooden roof with roofing material with your own hands: video installation instructions, styling features, how to lay better, price, photo

How to cover the roof with roofing material with your own hands?

Outbuildings, just like a house, need high-quality waterproofing of the roof. However, the use of expensive roofing materials for this purpose is costly and inconvenient. The best coating that will protect structures from the penetration of melt and rain water, but will not ruin the homeowner, is roofing material. This practical roll material is inexpensive, has a long service life and is optimally suited for do-it-yourself installation. In this article, we will tell you how to cover the roof with roofing material so that it can withstand all the tests that unpredictable weather will present it with.

Ruberoid grades

Roofing felt is a rolled roofing material made from roofing cardboard impregnated with refractory bitumen. During the manufacturing process, the base of this coating, which is roofing cardboard, polyester or fiberglass, is impregnated with a mixture of bitumen, synthetic rubber, polyester oils, and then a protective coating of composite materials (stone or marble chips, quartz sand, chalk or talc) is applied. Roofing material is laid by fusing or gluing with your own hands using bituminous mastic. You can find out about the type, purpose and density of the material by the standard marking:

The letter "P", with which the abbreviation begins, denotes the class of material, that is, roofing material. It includes rolled roofing materials based on bitumen-impregnated roofing paper.
The next marking letter indicates the purpose of the coating: "K" indicates that it is roofing, and "P" - lining. Roofing marks should be correctly laid as the final layer of the roof, as the cost of such material is higher. Lining roofing material must be placed at the base of the roofing cake or used for waterproofing the foundation or Mauerlat.
The last letter of the marking indicates the nature of the powder: "PP" - pulverized, "M" - fine-grained, "Ch" - scaly, "K" - coarse-grained. The cost of roofing material depends on the size of the topping. The letter "C" after the numbers in the marking indicates that the material has a colored dressing.
The numbers indicate the basis density of the roll material. Manufacturers produce roofing products from cardboard with a density of 200-420 grams per square meter.
The letter "E" after the numbers in the name of the roofing material says that it is elastic. It is convenient to lay this material on roofs of complex geometry with your own hands.

Before laying the roofing material on the roof, it is necessary to calculate how many rolls will be required to complete the work. To correctly determine the required amount of material, you should calculate the area of \u200b\u200bthe slope, and then divide it by the area covered by one roll. The width of a standard roll is 1 m and the length is 10 m, that is, it will cover 10 square meters of roofing. However, do not forget that you need to lay roofing material with your own hands with an overlap of 10-20 cm.

The composition of the roofing cake

Before laying the roofing material, determine the composition of the roofing cake. Roofing from rolled materials always consists of several layers, each of which enhances the waterproofing qualities of the coating. The effectiveness of the roofing work depends on how correctly the roofing material is selected. As a rule, when laying with your own hands, the materials of lining and roofing grades are used in combination. The number of layers in the cake depends on the slope of the roof:

Flat roof. If the slope of the roof does not exceed 2-3 degrees, it is called flat. To perform waterproofing work on flat roof structures, it is necessary to lay 4-5 layers of roofing material. The first 3 layers are laid from the lining material, and the next from the roofing with armoring dressing. If the roof is of an exploited type, 1 more lining layer is added to the composition of the roofing cake.
Roof with a slope of 3-6 degrees. In order to waterproof a roof with such a slope with the help of roofing material with your own hands, it is correct to use 3 layers of coating. The slope of the ramp allows the liquid to flow away from the surface, so using more layers will not increase the efficiency of the work, but only increase the cost.
Roof with a slope of 6-15 degrees. Roof structures with such an angle of inclination of the slopes should be properly covered with 2 layers of roofing material, of which the lower one belongs to the lining type, and the upper one to the main one.

Many are wondering how to cover the roof with roofing material if it has a slope of more than 15 degrees? Experienced roofers recommend abandoning this idea; they use bituminous roll material in such cases only as a lining for ondulin, corrugated board or metal tiles. The effectiveness of waterproofing works using roofing felt decreases with an increase in the steepness of the roof slopes.

Do-it-yourself technology for laying roofing material involves the use of bituminous mastic for gluing the material to the base of the roof. An exception is built-up and self-adhesive coatings, which are fixed to the slope without the use of additional means. However, professional roofers recommend in any case, before laying, treat the base of the roof with mastic to improve adhesion between surfaces. In hardware stores there are two types of compositions for gluing roofing material:

Cold mastic. Such mastic is produced on the basis of solvents, it is packaged in metal cans, after opening of which it is immediately ready for use. In the process of laying roofing material, cold mastic does not need to be heated. The downside of this composition is the long drying time.

Laying technology

It is recommended to lay roofing material in dry, calm weather. The base of the roof should be thoroughly dried. If the weather does not favor the natural drying of puddles, you can speed up this process with a building hair dryer. According to technology, before laying a new coating, it is necessary to get rid of the old one if it has bubbles or cracks. If the worn roofing material is in good condition, you can install directly on top of it. The laying technology is as follows:

Before covering the roof with roofing felt, it is necessary to properly prepare the base. It is cleaned of debris or dirt, and then coated with a primer for bituminous mastic, which improves adhesion.
The roofing material is rolled out and cut into strips of the required length. If the slope of the roof does not exceed 6 degrees, then it is possible to cover perpendicularly or horizontally to the rafter legs. If the slope is more than 6 degrees, we cut only along the slope.
Cold or hot bituminous mastic is applied to the bases of the roof with a roller or maklovitsa, and then, without waiting for the composition to cool, they begin laying strips of lining roofing material. The strips overlap each other by 10-15 cm.
Bituminous mastic is again applied to the first layer of roofing material, and then strips of the second layer of roofing cake. However, laying is carried out with an offset of half a roll so that the joints between the strips do not coincide.
Before installing the last layer, the surface of the blood is checked for the presence of bubbles and non-glued areas. If defects are found, problem areas are rolled with a roller.

Important! When laying the built-up roofing material, bituminous mastic is not applied, but simply the lower surface of the material is heated with a gas burner and pressed tightly against the base of the roof. Roll roofing can only be welded on roofs made of non-combustible material.

How to properly cover the roof with roofing material with your own hands, the cost of work

How to cover the roof with roofing material with your own hands? The technology of laying rolled materials based on bitumen by gluing and fusing.