Content:
- Cover letter……………………………………….3
-Business card of the enterprise…………………………………….4
-CV…………………………………………………………..5
Introduction………………………………………………………….6
1. Overview of the industry, competitors, products, market and
consumers……………………………………………………………7
1.1. Firm goals
1.2. Description of the enterprise and industry
1.3. Cost of goods
1.4. Economy in operation
1.5. Product quality
1.6. Reliability and safety in operation
1.7. Main consumers of products
1.8. Sales market geography
1.9. Competitive firms
2. Marketing and production planning………………………………….13
2.1. Marketing strategy
2.2. Price policy
2.3. Sales tactics
2.5. Information about production plan
2.6. Product Development
2.7. Production equipment
2.8. Production capacity
3. Planned results
innovations…………………………………………… 17
3.1. Organizational structure of the enterprise
3.2. Risk Plan
3.3. Calendar plan
3.4. Financial plan
Conclusion………………………………………………………..26
-Investment
application……………………………………………………………27
List
literature…………………………………………………………..28
Transmittal letter
To the Management Board of Promstroybank
from the furniture company "Petromebel",
located at
Prospect Enlightenment, 35
We present for your consideration an application for a loan in the amount of 60
thousand roubles.
We need this loan to finance the costs of opening a new
shop-salon.
We are ready to repay the received loan and pay interest on it within
two years from the date of receipt.
Desirable payment scheme for interest repayment: 60 thousand rubles per year. (100%
per annum).
Ready to provide any additional information needed for
consideration of our application.
Business card of the enterprise
Company name: Petrofurniture LLC.
The address: St. Petersburg, Enlightenment Ave., 35.
Telephone: 532-07-45.
Company foundation date: March 18, 1994
Where and by whom the company is registered: the company is registered in
Registration Chamber of the City Hall of St. Petersburg. No. 27598; Simanyuk O.V.
The main bank of the company: JSC "Promstroybank"
Head of the company: CEO Tarasov O.V.
Chief Accountant: Shubina N.I.
Key managers with an indication of their qualifications, education, work experience:
chief designer — Leskov D.S. ( higher education(Forestry
academy); work experience — 8 years (4 years — Upholstered furniture factory, 4 years —
"Petrofurniture");
commercial director - Ivanov Yu.S. (higher education (Financial
economic institute); work experience - 7 years (4 years - sales specialist
factory "Upholstered furniture"; 3 years - "Petrofurniture").
Organizational structure of the firm indicating the main organizational,
production and management departments:
The board of founders manages the firm. He reports to the General Manager,
subordinate to which is the accounting department headed by the chief accountant;
department of designers headed by the chief designer (product development;
production (warehouse; procurement workshop; furniture assembly workshop));
Summary
Petrofurniture LLC is engaged in the production and sale of upholstered furniture: sofa-
beds; chair beds; lounge chairs; baby beds. Firm
has been operating on the upholstered furniture market since April 1994. For four
years, the company's products have been in steady demand despite the large
number of competitors. The company's products compare favorably with the products
competitors: low prices, the possibility of choosing a complete set and upholstery material.
The management of the company in its activities is guided by the study of the needs
and consumer requests.
The company found its buyer: the company's clients are middle-class people from
small and medium sized apartments.
The rate of return is now 10%.
A designer works in an already existing showroom, who helps
choose suitable furniture for buyers.
In order to expand sales, the company plans to open a new store -
salon near the metro station "Pionerskaya". The lack of competition in this
area and the presence of a large number of potential buyers promises
increase in sales volume by 30%, increase in profit margin up to 15%.
The firm has sufficient production capacity to increase output.
and expansion of production is not required.
To open a new store-salon (purchase of premises, repair, holding
thousand roubles. The company intends to contribute from its own funds.
The company expects to receive a loan in the amount of 60 thousand rubles. in a bank for a period of
two years at 100% per annum.
The company will need 3 months to organize this store.
The company intends to cover with its products at least 30% of potential
buyers of Primorsky and Kalinin regions.
The confidence of management in the successful development of affairs is based on the presence in
these areas a large number of potential buyers for whom
the company's products are intended.
The level of qualification and creative skill of the company's specialists
ensures the individuality of the proposed product with the appropriate
performance quality.
Estimated payback period from profits from the new store-
salon - 4.5 years.
Introduction
The production of furniture today is promising and, in contrast to
from other industries, a profitable business. Service plays an important role
production of furniture to order, which arose in Russia recently. perspective and
the profitability of the production of upholstered furniture is explained by the large number of
potential buyers due to the lack of upholstered furniture in Russia in the past
time.
In the 90s, the number of firms increased significantly, increased and
competition among them. The conquest of new market sectors is becoming more
difficult task even for true professionals. The low incomes of the population
contribute to the development of the industry.
Furniture firms have already mastered some areas of the city. This innovation
is to open a new store and try to capture in this way
a new market sector in another area of the city.
1. Overview of the industry, competitors, products, market and consumers
1.1. Firm goals
The main goal of Petrofurniture is to provide people with inexpensive
convenient, comfortable beautiful upholstered furniture, suitable also for
small apartments.
Petrofurniture is focused on growth. The company intends to enter
a new market, namely, to open a showroom near the Pionerskaya metro station.
The opening of a new showroom will allow the company to increase its sales volume by
1/3.
The production capacities available to the enterprise at this stage allow
increase output by 1/3.
To conquer a new market, the company needs to conduct an advertising campaign.
For the purposes listed above, namely the opening of a new showroom and
return, namely, in the IV quarter of 2000, the company plans to participate in
major furniture exhibitions and expansion of production.
1.2. Description of the enterprise and industry
Firm "Petromebel" is engaged in the production of upholstered furniture. Production
furniture is currently promising and, unlike other
productions, profitable business. An important place is occupied by the furniture production service.
to order, which arose in Russia recently. Perspective and profitability
production of upholstered furniture is explained by a large number of potential
buyers because of the shortage of upholstered furniture in Russia in the old days.
It should be noted that due to the small construction of new housing, as well as
due to low incomes of the population, the development of the industry is somewhat hampered.
In the 1990s, the number of firms selling and manufacturing furniture in St.
Petersburg has increased significantly. (Until the 90s, upholstered furniture in St.
Petersburg produced three enterprises, now there are more than twenty of these firms.)
The production of upholstered furniture will develop in the direction of providing
the greatest number of services to customers (choice of upholstery, free
equipment, free shipping etc.). Many furniture companies are involved in
furniture exhibitions.
In St. Petersburg, the number of companies offering fittings for
production of upholstered furniture (now there are about fifteen firms).
It should be noted that furniture companies have already mastered the following markets
(districts of St. Petersburg): Center, Grazhdansky Prospekt area, metro stations
"Academic", avenues Bolsheviks and Moscow.
Information about Petrofurniture:
Petrofurniture LLC has been operating on the upholstered furniture market since April 1994. Firm
established by three companies:
1) JSC Foam Rubber Plant;
2) Individual private enterprise "Irbis":
3) Individual private enterprise "Panther".
The authorized capital is divided into shares:
— JSC Foam Rubber Plant — 20%;
— Irbis private enterprise — 40%;
- PPI "Panther" - 40%.
In December 1994, the firm took out a loan for one year, which allowed
increase production and sales volumes by 100%. At the beginning of 1995 there was
range change. Production of popular sliding doors has begun
children's beds, "Desire" and "Laura" sets, "Tenderness" ottomans. And
the development of the listed items of upholstered furniture was carried out by designers
firms.
1.3. Cost of goods
A) Petrofurniture produces upholstered furniture: sofa beds, armchairs for
rest, armchair-beds and makes up various sets of the listed
items (sets: "Desire", "Laura", "Dawn", "Christina"), also
produces ottomans "Tenderness" and "Midnight", children's beds with a mechanism,
allowing you to change the length of the bed, ottomans: "Chubby" and "Jean".
All furniture is made from environmentally friendly clean materials: foam rubber, chipboard, etc.
The price list is presented in table 1.
Table 1
Price list
|
product name |
Price (the price varies depending on the type of furniture and upholstery), rub. |
|
sofa bed |
1025-1400 |
|
lounge chair |
500-700 |
|
armchair-bed |
605-835 |
|
couch |
775-1115 |
|
baby bed |
|
|
ottoman |
The cost of goods is on average 10% less than the prices of 70% of competitors.
1.4. Economy of operation
Sets "Zarya" and "Laura" are more designed specifically for small
apartments. A baby bed with a mechanism that allows you to change the length will save you from
constant change of beds as the child grows, and also allows
use it in small apartments.
1.5. Product quality
The entire range presented by the company is of high quality. fabrics,
used for upholstery, have high strength, abrasion resistance.
The service life of furniture is 30 years (10 years more than the service life of foreign
products presented on the market of St. Petersburg).
1.6. Reliability and safety in operation
The furniture is reliable in operation. The furniture has been tested for reliability and
security. Mechanisms for dismantling sofa beds, as well as chair beds
designed in such a way as to be sufficiently simple and reliable.
The design of the furniture ensures complete safety: soft corners of the furniture; all
fasteners are made very stable.
Particularly high safety requirements were placed on the design
baby bed. Checking the bed showed that even when using
bed for 25 years, it will not fall apart (sliding
mechanism).
B) Favorably distinguishes the company from 50% of competitors - the ability to choose different
upholstery materials (tapestry, velvet, flock) and upholstery colors (30 colors), and
also suitability of furniture for typical small-sized premises.
C) The sale of products provides a rate of return of 10%.
1.7. Main consumers of products
Consumers of products are people with average incomes, living
in blocks of normal and small footage. The products are intended for
customers of all ages (children's beds from 6 years).
1.8. Sales market geography
LLC "Petrofurniture" produces upholstered furniture, which it sells through its
shop-salon, located at st. Saltykov-Shchedrin, 33. In this
in the salon, the buyer can choose the type of upholstery material, as well as the color of the upholstery.
The buyer can order furniture in any configuration. Firm "Petrofurniture"
sells its products through three furniture stores. To the store at
Foam Rubber Plant (Ushinsky St. 45) Petrofurniture supplies furniture to
“Hi, Petersburg”, “Extra Balt”, etc., as well as in the magazine “Furniture in St.
Petersburg". The company's products are also sold through stores located in
address 65 Veteranov Ave., 10 Utkin Ave. Through our own showroom
the company sells 1/3 of all manufactured products, through furniture stores -
respectively 2/3.
The company intends to open a new own store-salon near the station
metro station "Pionerskaya" on Komendantsky prospect. This decision is justified by
that in their own showroom, products will be sold without trade
margins (on average 10% cheaper than competitors). Solution also
justified by the fact that a large
the number of residents of Primorsky and not only Primorsky districts. Late 80s
— in the early 1990s, a large construction of a new
housing. The volume of construction has decreased significantly since 1993, but still
new housing is being built in the area. Novoselov can be seen as
potential clients of the firm. It should be noted that the opening of the metro station
"Komendantsky Prospekt" is expected no earlier than in 5 years. In connection with
the formation of a gap on the Vyborg metro line passenger traffic through the station
metro station "Pionerskaya" also increased (restoration of the branch is not expected earlier,
than 5 years later). Therefore, it should be expected that passenger traffic will remain at
the same level for a long time, which means large quantity people will
visit a new showroom and buy new furniture.
The choice of location is explained by the fact that this area, in contrast to the Center, pr.
Enlightenment and some other areas are not mastered by competitors. Also
It should be noted that the new showroom will be located on
a short distance from industrial premises firms that will allow
reduce transport costs.
Table 2 shows the sales volume of products in 1995-97, as well as the forecast
sales of goods in 1998-99.
table 2
Sale of goods
|
Indicators |
Forecast |
||||
|
1995 |
1996 |
1997 |
1998 |
1999 |
|
|
1. Estimated volume of production, thousand rubles. |
1200 |
1230 |
|||
|
2. Estimated market share, % |
|||||
|
3. Estimated sale, thousand rubles |
1190 |
1230 |
1.9. Competitive firms
Information about competitors is taken from the newspapers Vitrina, Delovoy Peterburg, etc.
and from the magazine "Furniture in St. Petersburg". Information was also collected from
during the exhibitions: "Petersburg Furniture Salon", "Style - Furniture - Interior".
In total, more than 20 companies are engaged in the production of upholstered furniture in St. Petersburg.
firms. There are four main competitors:
1. Firm "Akvilon".
The company has 3 stores: Vyborgsky, Nevsky, Primorsky. Volume increase
Sales are achieved by opening stores in different parts of the city. Firm
gives the right to choose the upholstery material, configuration option. Prices
higher than that of Petrofurniture by about 10%. Akvilon takes part in
furniture exhibitions. The company's products, namely, the Akvilon kit - the leader
no delivery of furniture.
2. Firm "Alpha - furniture".
The firm has a saloon on Prospekt Prosveshcheniya. The firm provides the right to choose
upholstery material (about 60 types of fabrics), configuration options. The prices are higher
than that of Petrofurniture by an average of 5%. The company sells its products through
furniture stores on Veteranov Ave., Vyborgskaya and Prospekt metro stations
Bolsheviks. The company provides a variety of quality products.
Free delivery of furniture is.
3. JSC "Upholstered furniture".
The factory provides 15 items of high-quality and varied furniture.
The production volume is 300 sets of upholstered furniture per year. Products are sold
through furniture stores. Prices are higher than those of Petrofurniture by an average of 15%
(due to trade markup). There is no choice of upholstery, no free delivery of furniture.
4. Elara LLC.
The company has two showrooms in the Kalininsky and Krasnogvardeisky districts.
The range of products is small. Great choice no upholstery. Prices are higher in
an average of 5%. Free delivery of furniture is.
Comparative characteristics of the company "Petrofurniture" and firms-competitors
is shown in table 3.
Table 3
Comparative characteristics of firms
This table shows that the firm is ahead of its competitors in terms of
services provided and prices. It should be noted that in general the quality
products, the quantity of services provided is not much different from the quality
products and the number of services provided by competing firms, therefore
increase in sales the company can achieve by entering new markets
(market of the metro station "Pionerskaya").
2. Marketing and production planning
2.1. Marketing strategy
At present, more than 20 manufacturing companies operate in St. Petersburg.
upholstered furniture. Furniture from the Czech Republic, Italy, and Finland is also represented on the market.
St. Petersburg firms occupy a leading position in the market, as foreign
furniture is more expensive and its service life is only 20 years. Now the rate of return in the furniture
production is 10-20%. High level of competition - in the Central
district, in the areas of the metro stations "Prospect Prosveshcheniya", "Akademicheskaya",
Bolshevik Avenue. The area of the Pionerskaya metro station is not covered yet
furniture firms and there is almost no competition. The company intends to develop
market of the Pionerskaya metro station and increase sales by attracting
potential buyers of the Primorsky district. There are a lot in this area
new settlers. Since the end of the 1980s, Primorsky District has expanded by 200%. In that
area, a large percentage of the population has not yet acquired upholstered furniture. At
the development of this market, the firm will focus on prices lower than those
competitors, and free shipping.
2.2. Price policy
Pricing in the company is based on the principle: the price should cover all
costs. Due to the fact that the company will trade without a trade margin
through your showroom, furniture prices will be on average 10% less than
competitor prices. The company is not going to include a high price of products
increase in the volume of profit due to an increase by 1/3 of the volume of sales.
2.3. Sales tactics
The company sells its products through its own showroom (St.
Saltykov-Shchedrin d.33) and three furniture stores (Ushinsky st. 45, pr.
Veteranov d. 65, Utkin pr. d. 10).
In 1997, the sales volume was: 200 sofa beds, 200
lounge chairs, 200 chair beds, 150 children's beds, 150 sofas without
backs (ottoman).
In 1998, the volume of sales and output will increase by 1/3 and will amount to
270 pcs. sofa beds, armchair beds, lounge chairs; 200 pcs.
children's beds and sofas without a back (ottoman).
An increase of 1/3 of the sales volume is expected due to the opening of a new
shop-salon.
In connection with the opening of a new store-salon, the company needs a new advertising
strategy It will be as follows:
I quarter 1998– ordering and placement of company advertising on the installation
"Prizmavision" in the lobby of the metro station "Pionerskaya" (manufacturing - $120;
seat rental - $ 80 per month (rental for 1998 paid).
1) newspaper “For every home. Primorsky and Vasileostrovsky districts.
One post per week. A total of 12 publications per quarter. Newspaper circulation -
300 thousand copies.
2) the newspaper "Center plus".
One post per week. A total of 12 publications per quarter. The circulation of the newspaper is 1 million.
3) magazine "Furniture in St. Petersburg".
II quarter 1998
(12 publications per quarter); Center plus (12 publications per quarter).
III quarter 1998
(8 publications in April and May); "Center plus" (6 publications (2 times a month)
).
IV quarter 1998 and I quarter 1999
2.5. Production Plan Information
The Petrofurniture enterprise owns a factory and administrative premises for
address Prosveshcheniya 35 (area 900 sq.m), and also owns the premises
on st. Saltykova-Shchedrina d.33 (area 60 sq. M), where the store is located -
company salon. On Enlightenment Avenue there is a warehouse of the company, a procurement workshop,
furniture assembly shop, packing shop, garage.
Residential areas are located at a distance of 120 m from the company.
The firm's suppliers are:
1) "Foam Rubber Plant" (Ushinsky st., 45).
Petrofurniture and Foam Rubber Plant carry out barter transactions, during
which foam rubber is exchanged for furniture. The term of work with the supplier is 4 years.
2) LLP "Option - 2E" (highway of the Revolution, 24).
The organization supplies chipboard. The term of work with the supplier is 2 years.
3) "Metal Plant".
The factory supplies the wire. The term of work with the supplier is 4 years.
4) DiA LLC (Grazhdansky pr. 27).
The organization supplies upholstery fabrics. The term of work with the supplier is 2 years.
It is unnecessary to look for new suppliers of raw materials to expand the volume of production,
since all suppliers agree to supply raw materials in a larger volume).
All suppliers are firms located in St. Petersburg. Two main
supplier are located at a short distance from the company, which reduces
fare. Transportation of raw materials is carried out by the transport of the company
Petrofurniture, i.e. on their own.
There are three competitors close to Petrofurniture: Irida (St.
Ushinsky 35), "Terra-Plast" (Ushinsky st. 45), "Elara" (Ushinsky st.
e.3).
2.6. Product Development
The whole range of products: 4 sets of furniture, 2 types of ottomans, children's bed
were developed by the firm's designers who have passed
education abroad.
Production is organized in such a way that changing the assortment does not
will require a restructuring of production. The company has 5 more developments in stock
furniture sets, but the company does not yet consider it appropriate to change
range.
All products of the company are made from high-quality environmentally friendly materials.
materials: chipboard, foam rubber, springs, upholstery fabrics.
The firm is provided with raw materials, but others can be found if necessary.
suppliers.
2.7. Production equipment
For the production of furniture, the following equipment is used:
1. Measuring-folding-cutting machine MCP-110 - for cutting small
details;
2. profiling machine - for deep and shallow stitches;
3. measuring machine - for sorting and measuring fabric;
4. band cutting machine - for cutting oblique and curved
fabrics;
5. floor-cutting machine - for cutting rectangular parts;
6. installation GTA-72/8ch - production of spring blocks (from 120 to 160
blocks in 8 hours);
7. electrocoke for gluing foam rubber;
8. pneumatic gun for attaching fabric;
9. pneumatic gun for fixing blocks.
2.8. Production capacity
The enterprise, with the available equipment and production personnel, can
produce 300 sofa beds, 300 lounge chairs, 300 armchairs per year
beds, 200 sofa beds and 20 backless sofas.
Available production capacity is sufficient to increase output
for 1/3: 270 pcs. sofa beds, armchair beds, lounge chairs, 200 each
PCS. children's beds and sofas without a back.
Manufacturing process used at the Petrofurniture enterprise has the type
serial production, which is characterized by a limited range
manufactured products, small volume of output. At the same time, production
the process is carried out on various universal equipment with
application manual labor. The production process consists of two stages:
procurement and assembly of furniture. Preparing stage enough
mechanized: cutting fabrics, making spring blocks, making
furniture frames is carried out with the help of machines. Assembly stage
characterized big share manual labor.
3. Planned results of innovation
3.1. Organizational and legal form of the enterprise and its structure
Petrofurniture is a limited company
responsibility, conducts its activities on the basis of the Civil Code
RF adopted State Duma 10/21/94 and approved by the Federation Council.
The Company is a legal entity and operates on the basis of the Charter and
Memorandum of Association, has its own property, independent balance sheet.
Company founders:
1. JSC Foam Rubber Plant;
2. Individual entrepreneur "Irbis";
3. PPI "Panther".
The authorized capital of the company is divided into shares: JSC Foam Rubber Plant - 20%; HPI
"Irbis" - 40%; PPI "Panther" - 40%.
The supreme governing body of Petrofurniture LLC is the Board of Founders. To
the competence of the Board of Founders includes the issues of determining the main
directions of social and industrial development, approval of plans and
report on their implementation.
After making mandatory payments to the State. etc. budgets, etc.
extrabudgetary payments, the profit is subject to distribution among the founders.
The management of the enterprise is carried out by the General Director, adopted by
under the contract by the Board of Founders. He resolves issues on his own.
activities of the enterprise, acts on its behalf, has the right to sign
official documents and manage the property of the enterprise,
hiring and firing employees. The General Director has financial and
administrative responsibility for the reliability of statistical and
accounting. According to the market production orientation
the firm's CEO appoints a commercial director, who must
organize marketing research, advertising and sales of products.
The accounting department, headed by the chief accountant, carries out all calculations with
raw material suppliers. Keeps records of turnover, profits, costs,
counts wages and, most importantly, prepare financial statements.
The chief designer leads the development of new types of furniture and
furniture production.
Figure 1 shows the organizational structure of the enterprise.
Board of Founders
CEO
Chief Designer Commercial Director Chief
accountant
Designer Sales Department
Accounting
Procurement Marketing Department
workshop Warehouse
Garage furniture assembly shop
Rice. 1. Organizational structure of the Petrofurniture enterprise
population production staff determined based on the functional
expediency. The system of remuneration for production personnel
built on the use of time-bonus form. Bonuses based on results
work 1998-1999 not planned. Compensation for executives and others
categories of workers is built on the basis of official salaries and depends on
the amount of time actually worked and the achievement of final results
enterprise activities.
The number of production personnel is presented in Table 4.
Table 4
Number of production personnel
No. Specialty Number of people Average work experience
Total 30
The number of managers and other categories of employees is presented in Table 5.
Table 5
Number of managers and other categories of employees
№ p / p Occupied position Number of people Average length of service
Total 16
The total number of employees is 46 people.
With a given number of employees, an increase in output by 1/3
possibly. An increase in staffing is not required.
“You can lose your business, money, but if you save the personnel potential, then
you can quickly restore your business. It is also believed that the creation of a cohesive
teams are the most difficult task facing an entrepreneur.”
(McClelland's theory).
The production process consists of two stages: procurement and assembly
furniture. Technology system shown in Fig.2.
Blanking shop Assembly shop
furniture
With foam rubber
soft C
To
and foam rubber and manufacturing
K elements
l fabric
soft elements
L
BUT
BUT
D Woodworking area
frame Assembly D
Chipboard and furniture frame manufacturing
furniture
for furniture
wire
spring blocks blocks
fittings
finished
product-
tion
Rice. 2. Technological scheme for the production of upholstered furniture.
3.2. Risk Plan
The significance of this section is to assess the risk that targets
set in the plan may not be achieved. Table 6 presents
risks and their impact on profit.
Table 6
Risks and their impact on profit
Type of riskThe negative impact of risk on the expected profit from the implementation of the project1. Impossibility to purchase the required premises Impossibility to implement the project2. Not allowed by local authorities Impossible to implement the project3. Demand volatility Falling demand as prices rise4. Solvency of consumers Decline in sales5. Increasing taxesReducing net profit6. Rising prices for raw materials, supplies, fuelDecrease in profits due to rising prices7. Advertising inefficiencyLow sales8. Appearance of competitors in the area of the Pionerskaya metro station Decline in sales
An assessment of the probability of an adverse event occurring is presented in
table 7.
Table 7
Assessment of the probability of an adverse event
Type of risk Experts Weight Score 1231. Impossibility of buying the necessary premises2525251/83,12502. Not authorized by local authorities 02501/81.03753. Demand volatility5075251/86.25004. Low solvency of consumers7550501/87.28755. Tax increase5050501/86.25006. Rising prices for raw materials, materials, fuel 7575751/89.37507. Advertising inefficiency2525501/84.16258. Appearance of competitors in the area of the Pionerskaya metro station5050751/87.2875
Each expert assigned the event a probability of its occurrence:
0 - no risk exists;
25 - the risk is most likely not realized;
50 - nothing definite can be said about the onset of the event;
75 - the risk is likely to manifest itself;
100 - the risk is justified (probably realized).
So, as a result of the study, it turned out that the most
the following risks are likely:
1. The risk of reducing solvency.
As a result of this event, sales volume may decrease. Necessary
note that the sales volume is planned by the company at a minimum, therefore
the likelihood that the volume of sales will be less is small. Company prices
"Petrofurniture" is lower than the prices of competitors, therefore, in the future, a decrease
number of buyers is unlikely.
2. The risk of the emergence of competitors.
At this event (if competitors appear), it will be necessary to improve
product quality, keep prices lower than those of competitors,
conduct a more active advertising campaign.
3. The risk of rising prices for raw materials, materials.
It will be necessary to carry out measures to reduce costs by
more rational use raw materials, etc.
3.3. Calendar plan
This section indicates the time of occurrence of the main events that contribute to
implementation of the project.
1. Making a decision to purchase premises for a new showroom;
location of this room - 06/01/98.
2. Taking a loan - 01.07.98
3. Repair of the premises - until 15.09.98.
4. Opening of a store-salon - 1.10.98.
5. Getting the first orders - 10.10.98.
6. First sales - 15.09.98.
3.4. Financial plan
a) To create a new showroom, 164 thousand rubles are needed.
b) Funding sources:
60 thousand rubles - a loan from Promstroybank at 100% per annum for 2 years (taking
loan - 1.07.98, repayment of the loan - 1.07.99); 104 thousand rubles —
own funds.
c) Cash (164 thousand rubles) will be distributed as follows:
105 thousand rubles — Acquisition and repair of premises for a shop-salon;
59 thousand rubles - conducting an initial advertising campaign.
d) The loan is secured.
As a pledge - the premises of a new store-salon on Komendantsky Prospekt.
AT financial plan three baseline forecasts were prepared.
1st forecast - profit / loss forecast. This forecast is presented in Table 8.
2nd forecast - cash flow analysis forecast. This forecast is presented in
table 9.
3rd forecast - the balance sheet at the beginning of 1998 and the project at the end of 1998.
The balance sheet is presented in Appendix 1.
The balance sheet shows the use and investment of financial resources,
required to maintain the projected level of production.
According to the balance sheet, we calculate the following indicators:
1. absolute liquidity ratio - the ability of the enterprise
fulfill its current obligations with current assets in a certain period.
K1n.g. = 110100 / 41000 = 2.7; K1k.g. = 79090 / 31000 = 2.55.
The company's position is stable. The value of the coefficient shows that
enterprises have free cash.
2. overall liquidity ratio - the ability of the enterprise to perform
its current liabilities with current assets.
K2 n.g. = 119100 / 41000 = 2.9; K2k.y. = 150990 / 31000 = 4.9.
The value of the coefficient means that at the beginning of the year, short-term assets
covered short-term liabilities by 2.9 times; by the end of the year - by 4.9 times.
The company's position is stable.
3. coefficient of independence (coefficient of autonomy) - share
equity in its total liabilities (liability on the balance sheet)
K3n.g. = (1339000 / 1390000) * 100% = 96%;
K3k.y. = (1360800 / 1451800) * 100% = 94%.
The value of the coefficient shows that the share of funds invested by owners
was 96%, by the end of the year - 94%. The coefficient value is
normal.
4. funding ratio
K4 = equity / external liabilities (debt capital)
K4 n.g. \u003d 133900 / 41000 \u003d 32.65;
K4 K.Y. = 136080 / (31000+60000) = 14.95.
A large share of equity means little risk and good
potential opportunities for external borrowing. Company
solvent and does not experience difficulties in obtaining capital.
Break even chart
The graph shows the level of sales required to cover the costs: fixed
and variable costs.
Fixed costs are depreciation, wages
administrative and other personnel, other overhead costs.
Variable costs are raw materials and basic materials, wages
key production workers.
This section contains two graphs:
1st chart - break-even chart for the production of upholstered furniture sets
(see fig. 3).
The price of the kit is 2160 rubles; total fixed costs -188,000 rubles;
variable costs for one set - 1400 rubles. 
Series 1 - total material costs.
Rice. 3.
Figure 3 shows that the break-even point is the point when the volume
production of 160 sets per year (all costs covered, zero profit).
With the current production volume (200 sets per year), the profit is 60 thousand rubles.
rub.). With an increase in output to 270 sets, profit will rise to
80 thousand rubles in year.
2nd schedule - break-even chart for the production of baby beds and sofas
without back (see fig. 4).
The price of one children's bed is 900 rubles; the price of one ottoman is 900 rubles.
Since constant and variable costs in the production of baby beds and
sofas without a back are equal, we find the critical volume of output of children's beds,
which will be equal to the critical volume of production of backless sofas.
Fixed costs - 42,000 rubles; variable costs - 600 rubles. for 1 pc. 
Row 1 - material costs.
Row2 and row3 are variable costs.
Row 4 - proceeds from the sale of products.
Rice. 4.
From the graph presented in fig. 4, it can be seen that production volumes
children's beds and backless sofas, equal to 140 pieces, are critical
(with these volumes, the firm fully covers its costs, but the profit
null).
At this stage, 150 pieces are produced. children's beds and sofas
backs. With a given volume of production, the profit is 20 thousand rubles (10
thousand roubles. from each production). Increase in production volume up to 200 pcs.
cots and up to 200 pcs. sofas without a back, will increase profits
up to 40 thousand rubles (up to 20 thousand rubles from each production).
Conclusion
a) Investment costs amount to 164 thousand rubles:
n own funds -104 thousand rubles;
n borrowed funds - a bank loan in the amount of 60 thousand rubles. for 2 years
under 100% per annum.
b) The funds invested in the project will be distributed as follows:
n for the purchase and repair of premises - 105 thousand rubles.
n for an advertising company - 59 thousand rubles.
c) Taxes paid by the company:
n income tax;
n VAT;
n property tax;
n transport tax;
n tax on the maintenance of the housing stock and objects of social and cultural
spheres and other taxes.
d) Return of borrowed funds:
July 1, 1998 - taking a loan of 60 thousand rubles;
July 1, 1999 - payment of interest on a loan for 1999. (60 thousand rubles);
July 1, 2000 - payment of interest on a loan for 2000. (60 thousand rubles) and return
loan (60 thousand rubles).
The payback period of the initial investment (due to profit from
shop-salon) - 4.5 years.
With payback \u003d K / (A year. + P year.),
where C payback. — payback period, years;
K - necessary capital investments, rub.;
A year. — annual depreciation, rub.;
P year. — annual profit, rub.
With payback = 164 / (5.25+31) = 4.5 years.
f) The total profit of the enterprise is expected to be 112 thousand rubles; of which
profit from a new store-salon -31 thousand rubles.
The rate of return is 10%.
Investment Application
1. Characteristics of the direction of use of investments.
a) Nature of investment activity:
- expansion of the existing enterprise.
2. Main directions of investments:
- Acquisition of premises for a new salon store.
3. The main tasks to be solved with the help of investments:
- increase in sales.
4. The amount of investment required for the implementation of the project:
- the total amount of necessary investment funds is 164 thousand rubles.
Funds are needed for:
1) purchase and repair of premises (105 thousand rubles);
2) conducting an initial advertising campaign (59 thousand rubles).
- the volume of own investment funds in the project is 104 thousand rubles.
- the volume of required investments (credit) - 60 thousand rubles.
5. Planned source of investment income: Promstroybank JSC;
loan 60 thousand rubles. at 100% per annum for a period of two years (taking a loan
July 1, 1998; repayment of the loan - 1.07.2000).
6. Availability of possible guarantees to investors for reimbursement of costs in case of
investment project violations:
— pledge of property (mortgage);
-pledge - purchased premises on Komendantsky prospect worth 105 thousand rubles.
Collateral \u003d loan amount (60 thousand rubles) / 0.57 \u003d 105 thousand rubles.
7. Conditions for reimbursement of expenses.
a) return of investments and interest on them in cash:
n start date of payments: 1.07.1999.
n payout amount: fixed
-1.07.1999 - 60 thousand rubles. (annual interest);
- 1.07.2000 - 60 thousand rubles. (annual interest);
60 thousand rubles (loan return).
Bibliography
1. Chernyak V.Z. Business valuation. - M .: Finance and statistics, 1996.
2. Business plan. Methodical materials. Ed. prof.
R.G. Manilovsky, M.: Finance and Statistics, 1994.
3. E.M. Chetyrkin. Methods of financial and commercial calculations. - M .: Delo, 1992.
4. Business World: Entrepreneur Dictionary. — M.: Zeus, 1992.
5. Volkov N.V. One hundred business pages. - M .: Pedagogy, 1991.
6. D.E.N.Dickson. Improve your business. Manual and practice. Per. with
English M.: Finance and statistics, 1994.
7. Edward Blackwell How to write a business plan. Per. from English. Moscow: INFRA-M,
1996.
8. Jay R. How to write proposals and reports that get results.
Per. from English. Sivakova T.A. Minsk: "Amalfeya", 1996.
9. Entrepreneur's Handbook: retail, wholesale,
freight transport, catering and hotel industry. — M.:
Science, 1994.
10. Lipsits I.V. A business plan is the basis for success. - M .: Mashinostroenie, 1993.
11. Methodology for preparing a business plan for investment projects // Russian
economic journal. - 1994. - No. 4
12. Kleiner G.B. Risks industrial enterprises(how to reduce them and
compensate). // Russian Economic Journal. - 1994. - No. 5-6.
The purpose of the project is to describe the creation of a furniture store
Project concept
The store will specialize in the sale of cabinet and upholstered furniture (hallway, tables, chairs, sofas, armchairs, walls, etc.) and is focused on the sale of furniture in the middle price segment. The main suppliers of the store will be domestic and foreign manufacturers.
The main characteristics of the project:
Organization of a furniture store from scratch;
The average markup on furniture will be ***%;
The assortment of the store will be *** units;
The amount of investment required to open a furniture store is $***;
The payback of the project is *** months.
- Net profit of the project *** thousand USD
Market Attractiveness:
- The volume of furniture sales in Russia, taking into account the shadow sector, in 2007 amounted to about *** billion dollars;
- The industry as a whole shows stable growth rates in recent years. In 2007, the growth was 52%;
- Per capita consumption of furniture is constantly increasing, and in 2007 it was about $70 per person;
- The main indicator of the market is the volume of housing construction, which is constantly growing and will contribute to the growth of consumption (in 2007, the growth was 19.6%);
network charts
|
network diagram
is based on the use of another mathematical model - a graph. Counts(obsolete synonyms: network, maze, map, etc.) mathematicians call "a set of vertices and a set of ordered or unordered pairs of vertices." Speaking in more familiar (but less precise) language for an engineer, a graph is a set of circles (rectangles, triangles, etc.) connected by directed or non-directed line segments. In this case, the circles themselves (or other figures used) according to the terminology of graph theory will be called "vertices", and the non-directed segments connecting them - "edges", directed (arrows) - "arcs". If all the segments are directed, the graph is called directed; if all segments are undirected, the graph is called undirected. The most common type network graphics works represents a system of circles and directed segments (arrows) connecting them, where the arrows represent the works themselves, and the circles at their ends (“events”) indicate the beginning or end of these works.
The figure shows in a simplified way only one of the possible configurations of the network diagram, without data characterizing the planned works themselves. In fact, the network diagram provides a lot of information about the work being done. Above each arrow is written the name of the work, under the arrow - the duration of this work (usually in days). The circles themselves (divided into sectors) also contain information, the meaning of which will be explained later. A fragment of a possible network diagram with such data is shown in the figure below. Dotted arrows can be used in the schedule - these are the so-called "dependencies" (dummy jobs) that require neither time nor resources. They indicate that the "event" to which the dotted arrow is directed can only occur after the event from which this arrow originates has occurred. There should be no dead ends in the network diagram, each event should be connected by a solid or dashed arrow (or arrows) to any previous (one or more) and subsequent (one or more) events.
Events are numbered approximately in the order in which they will occur. The initial event is usually located on the left side of the graph, the final event - on the right. A sequence of arrows in which the beginning of each subsequent arrow coincides with the end of the previous one is called way.
The path is indicated as a sequence of event numbers. In a network diagram, there can be multiple paths between start and end events. The path with the longest duration is called critical. The critical path determines the total duration of activities. All other paths have a shorter duration, and therefore the work performed in them has time reserves. The critical path is indicated on the network diagram by thickened or double lines (arrows). Two concepts are of particular importance when drawing up a network diagram:
When evaluating time reserves, it is convenient to use two more auxiliary concepts:
If the event is the end of only one job (that is, only one arrow is directed to it), then the early end of this job coincides with the early start of the next one. General (full) reserve
is the longest amount of time a given activity can be delayed without increasing the overall duration of the activity. It is determined by the difference between late and early start (or late and early finish - which is the same). Private (free) reserve
is the longest time that you can delay the execution of this activity without changing the early start of the next one. This fallback is only possible when the event includes two or more activities (dependencies), i.e. two or more arrows (solid or dotted) point to it. Then only one of these jobs will have an early finish that coincides with an early start of the subsequent job, while for the rest it will be different meanings. This difference for each work will be its private reserve. In addition to the described type of network diagrams, in which graph vertices (“circles”) represent events, and arrows represent jobs, there is another type in which the vertices are jobs. The difference between these types is not fundamental - all the basic concepts (early start, late finish, general and private reserves, critical path, etc.) remain unchanged, only the ways of writing them differ. The construction of a network diagram of this type is based on the fact that the early start of the subsequent work is equal to the early end of the previous one. If this work is preceded by several works, its early download should be equal to the maximum early finish previous works. Calculation late dates conducted in reverse order- from the final to the initial, as in the network diagram "tops - events". For a finishing activity, late and early finish are the same and reflect the length of the critical path. The late start of the next activity is equal to the late finish of the previous one. If a given job is followed by several jobs, then the determining factor is minimum value from late beginnings. Network graphs "vertices - work" appeared later than graphs "vertices - events", therefore they are somewhat less known and relatively less often described in educational and reference literature. However, they have their advantages, in particular they are easier to build and easier to adjust. When adjusting the "completed - work" graphs, their configuration does not change, but for the "tops - events" graphs, such changes cannot be excluded. However, at present, the compilation and adjustment of network schedules are automated, and for a user who is only interested in knowing the sequence of work and their time reserves, special significance, how the graph is made, i.e. what type is he. In modern specialized packages of computer programs for planning and operational management, the type of "top - work" is mainly used. Network diagrams are corrected both at the stage of their compilation and use. It consists in optimizing construction work in terms of time and resources (in particular, the movement work force). If, for example, the network schedule does not ensure the completion of work within the required time frame (normative or established by the contract), its time adjustment those. shortening the critical path. This is usually done
In the latter case, the "vertex-event" graphs have to change their configuration (topology). Resource adjustment is made by constructing linear calendar graphs according to early beginnings, corresponding to one or another variant of the network diagram, and adjusting this variant. Automated construction management systems usually include computer programs that, to one degree or another, automate almost all stages of compiling and adjusting network schedules. |
Action List
- An analysis of the furniture market in Krasnodar was carried out
- The size of the market for furniture products is determined
- Unfilled market segment identified
- Analysis of demand in the identified segment was carried out
- The stability of this market segment to seasonal influences has been determined
- Existing and potential competition identified
- The degree of risk of entering the furniture market of Krasnodar was determined
- Defined required level investment invested in the project
- Developed budget for work furniture showroom
- OGRNIP certificate is open
- Received in tax office activity codes
- Selected retail space
- Lease agreements signed
- Received permission from the administration of Krasnodar to open a retail outlet
- Participation in furniture exhibitions
- Studied proposals for the supply of goods
- Negotiations with suppliers
- Selected range of furniture products
- Concluded contracts for the supply of goods
- Transport logistics developed
- Selected transport company
- Signed contracts for the transportation of furniture products
- Prepared requests for the purchase of furniture
- The need for labor force is determined
- Selected staff to work in the furniture showroom
- Concluded employment contracts with staff
- Conducted training of personnel with specialization in the furniture trade (participation of employees in specialized seminars and trainings)
- Pricing policy is defined
- Pricing strategy chosen
- A system of bonuses and discounts has been developed
- The price of furniture products is determined
- The placement of outdoor advertising is agreed with the lessor of the furniture store
- Placement of outdoor advertising is agreed with the administration and the architectural department of Krasnodar
- A lease agreement was concluded with an advertising company for the placement of a banner (advertising sign)
- A contract for the rental of a video with the calculated time of broadcast on television
FINANCIAL PLAN AS A PART OF A BUSINESS PLAN Essence and composition working capital
Factors and reserves to reduce the cost of production
Innovation management
2013-09-14
Recently, experts have noted a decrease in the capacity of the furniture market in most settlements Russia. This provides an opportunity for budding entrepreneurs to enter this business in an environment of moderate competition. A furniture store requires serious investments, but at the same time it has a high profitability and quickly pays off. How to open furniture store from scratch and turn it into a profitable business?
Business registration
The beginning of any entrepreneurial activity begins with official registration and obtaining permits. A furniture store requires an individual entrepreneur or LLC. IP allows the owner to reduce the cost of reporting and save on tax deductions. The USN will become a more favorable tax regime for starting a business.
OKVED codes for a furniture store:
- 44 - "retail trade in furniture and household goods";
- 48.11 - "retail sale of office furniture".
If the entrepreneur intends to provide Additional services for the manufacture of furniture to order, you should take this into account when entering activity codes so that in the future you do not waste time on tedious paperwork.
Store Format
Before you open a furniture store, you need to choose the right market niche and business format. As for the niche, experts advise starting trading not with a budget or luxury furniture, but with goods for the middle class, since it is this niche that is most in demand now.
Furniture stores as a business exist in the following formats:
- standard store . Such an enterprise offers customers the most necessary furniture for an apartment. The area for this format is required from 300 sq. m., the number of items of goods - from 200 to 500 units.
- Hypermarket . An expanded range of products, including furniture for summer cottages, interior items and related products. Area - from 1000 sq. m., the number of commodity units - at least 1000.
- Specialized furniture store . Offers products of only one group. So, there are shops for kitchens, sofas and so on. Required area - 100-200 sq. m
- Showroom . Requires only a few samples of furniture for each position. Customers are informed about the possibility to choose furniture from the assortment of the catalog to order. This format does not require large areas, a maximum of up to 300 square meters. m.
Choosing a location for a furniture store
The search for premises for rent should take place after the entrepreneur decides on the format. So, opening a furniture hypermarket will require an extensive retail and warehouse space, so it is more profitable to rent a room outside the city or in a residential area. Rental prices here are much lower.
When opening a furniture showroom or showroom, a shopping mall or other premises closer to the city center will do.
In any case, the following criteria should be considered:
- good cross;
- the possibility of convenient access for freight transport;
- the area of the warehouse is not less than the area of the trading floor;
- availability of serviceable communications - electricity, heating, water supply.
Repair
Appearance and the design of the room should be given attention. The interior should show the furniture in a favorable light in order to attract the client to purchase. It is best to create interior zones that represent the product in the form of small living rooms, bedrooms, children's rooms. It is preferable to decorate the walls in light pastel colors.
Furniture store equipment
You don't need to open a furniture store specialized equipment. The main item of expenditure for this item is lighting. You will also need small consumables - accessories, fasteners.
Goods and services
It is recommended to start a furniture business with goods of an average price category intended for mass consumption. To start selling as soon as possible, first of all, you need to focus on the most necessary goods:
- upholstered furniture for living rooms;
- kitchen sets;
- dining areas;
- beds;
- walls and wardrobes.
To provide delivery services, the store needs a car.
Suppliers
It is important to choose reliable suppliers before opening a furniture store. You can search on the Internet, at local wholesale fairs, through newspaper ads. The most important thing is to pay attention to the following criteria:
- product quality;
- optimal cost;
- reliable supplier reputation.
furniture store staff
Depending on the area of the store, a staff of 1-3 consultants will be required. The main requirements for employees are standard for sellers - sociability, goodwill. In addition, the furniture seller must understand technical specifications goods.
Salary can be fixed in the first months of the store, in the future, employees should be motivated to sell by setting plans and paying a percentage of each piece of furniture sold.
In addition to consultants, opening a furniture store will require the following positions in the state:
- loader - 2-4 people;
- furniture assembler - 1;
- cashier - 1-2;
- driver - 1;
- cleaner - 1-2;
- guard - 1;
- accountant - 1-2.
Advertising
To promote the store and increase sales advertising company necessary not only at the opening stage, but also on a regular basis. To open, it is worth using several marketing tools, and then maintaining the image in a relatively inexpensive way, advertising in print media, for example.
What promotion methods are suitable for a furniture store:
- Creating a brand that includes a logo, a catchy and memorable name, employee uniforms, and so on.
- Outdoor advertising - signboard, banners and streamers around the city.
- Advertising on radio and television, in newspapers and magazines.
- Creation of a system of discounts and promotions for regular customers.
AT further business you will definitely need a website with an online catalog and the ability to purchase goods. The first time can be limited free way posting information about the store on the Internet - creating profiles in social networks.
Costs and payback
Costs depend on the selected format. The main costs are distributed as follows:
Table. Capital investments
In total, for the opening of the budget option- a store in the format of an exhibition hall - it will take about 2.5-3 million rubles.
According to expert data, the net profitability of a furniture store is 8%, the payback period with an average markup on goods of 35% is 2 years.
3116 03/08/2019 6 min.
What is the future of the furniture business? You can start it, as they say, from scratch if you do not have savings. If you have them, you can make a very strong start with an application for big profits.
On the this moment more than 5.5 thousand companies operate on the Russian market furniture companies, but the market is still far from glut.
Advantages and features of organizing a furniture business
Russian manufacturers in the domestic market faced great competition foreign companies. For some positions, they ousted domestic producers from the Russian market by 50%.
But due to the devaluation of the ruble their products began to lose sharply in competitiveness, and this opens up great prospects for those wishing to open a furniture business.
As noted above, the advantage and feature of organizing your own furniture production business is that you can start it with little or no investment.
It all depends on the ambitions, the chosen direction and financial capabilities. And you can start in this business both from the opening of a furniture store or salon, and from your own furniture production in a garage or in a shop or factory.
Furniture salon
Some citizens who intend to buy furniture want to see it, touch it, open the doors, shelves, and make sure of the quality of the product before purchasing it. They are not satisfied that they will be shown a picture, they will be given samples of materials so that they can imagine a hallway, a wardrobe or a wall.
Such buyers are without fail must see in reality what they acquire. Only then can they make a purchase. This is the advantage of a furniture store or salon. They immediately take away a large segment of such furniture buyers.
The advantage of the salon / store should be used to the maximum. A potential buyer should want to buy this furniture from you. To do this, it needs to be furnished with various decorative elements. Kitchens should contain samples of dishes, plastic fruits, flowers. Spectacular figurines, books, porcelain should be placed on furniture intended for the hall. All this enhances the effect of new furniture and increases sales.
factory production
You can open your own furniture production not only in a factory or workshop, but also in a garage. Some craftsmen managed to start by assembling furniture on the balcony. At the same time, their entire tool consisted of a screwdriver.
They received money for the purchase of raw materials and accessories from the customer, who gave a 50% prepayment. Then they went to the factory with the drawings and ordered a cut from them, in which holes were already drilled. All that was left was to assemble, which was not difficult.
The workshop requires considerable financial investments. At a minimum, you will have to spend money on equipment, machines to bring three-phase electricity. Both the first and the second way to start in the furniture business are good because they are more mobile, quickly and without much cost adjust to the needs and desires of customers.
The factory will require serious financial investments. It is able to produce furniture in large quantities, but with individual orders it is more difficult, since this will require reorientation of equipment. Only this process will increase the cost of individual furniture by 50-80%.
But the advantage of a furniture factory is that it is able to produce a large number of upscale furniture. Anyone who has ever compared the production of a factory, workshop and garage with a balcony could be convinced that the products of the first are out of competition, the workshop can produce approximate quality. As for the last two productions, quality furniture it's very hard to find there.
What is needed to set up a business?
If you are going to open a furniture salon / store, but you are not going to get involved in the production of furniture, then have to make an emergency. And also rent a place, for example, in mall, conclude agreements with furniture suppliers, exhibit samples provided by them.
After that, you need to hire sellers, and, if necessary, conclude an agreement with persons providing delivery and assembly. They can also be taken from furniture suppliers. You can also open your own production. What is required for this - see the following video:
In the event that a decision is made to produce furniture, then it will have to be somewhat more difficult. We discard handicraft production in garages and on balconies as unpromising. You can start with this in order to accumulate some experience and capital, but then you will have to expand significantly.
Where to start a business?
We determine the organizational and legal form of the enterprise. If only individuals are expected among clients, then it is enough to register as individual entrepreneur. But if you plan to work with legal entities and government agencies, then it is better to register a limited liability company.
When registering, choose the OKVED code that is suitable for the production of furniture - this is 36.11-36.14. Go through registration, become registered, open a bank account, rent a room.
The peculiarity of the organization of furniture production is that if it is designed for individual customers, then there is no need to obtain permits.
But if mass production is planned or the enterprise will produce furniture for public institutions, then you have to comply with GOSTs. So you need to issue certificates for compliance with them. To obtain them, the certification authority must provide:
- Two pieces of evidence: state registration and tax registration.
- A tenancy agreement or title deed.
- The company's charter.
- Application for a certificate of conformity.
As soon as everything is clear with the documents, we hire staff. At the initial stage, no more than 10 people will be needed, including:
- technologist;
- 2-4 working shops;
- employee responsible for receiving orders;
- cleaning woman.
If you plan to deliver orders yourself, you will also need a driver. Since furniture production is not the safest, keep a safety journal, in which each of the employees must sign regularly. This will relieve you of liability in the event of an accident.
Assessment of competition in Russia
As noted above, over 5.5 thousand manufacturers are engaged in the production of furniture in Russia. More than 500 of them are large and medium-sized, employing about 7% of the workers in this industry. It is these enterprises that produce 4/5 of all domestic furniture. But, since these manufacturers are not very flexible for individual orders, this niche remains unsaturated and unfilled.
Calculation of approximate costs for starting a business
It will take from 1,800 to 5,000 rubles to register an enterprise. About 50 thousand rubles will be spent on equipment. If the premises are to be renovated, it can pull from 30 to 200 thousand rubles. At the first stage, own truck should not be set up. It is better to hire a driver with a car and pay him for depreciation.
Monthly expenses will include:
- rent of premises -30–50 thousand rubles;
- salary - 80-150 thousand rubles;
- consumables 20-30 thousand rubles;
- utility and other payments - from 15 thousand rubles;
- expenses for advertising, attracting customers - from 10 thousand rubles;
- unforeseen expenses - from 10 thousand rubles.
Total general expenses will amount to 165 thousand rubles or more. And already in the first months you can reach an income of 250-300 thousand rubles or more.
Further business development
Further business development depends on how you manage to stand out from your competitors. There are many options here. This includes free shipping and low furniture assembly costs.
If it was decided to win at the speed of production, do not forget about the quality, which in no case should suffer. Constantly look for new types of furniture, try to make the range of products offered noticeably differ from competitors, who for the most part try to copy each other.
Everything should go in motion and work in a complex manner. If you invest in advertising, bonuses, and a sleepy and boring voice of an office worker answers an incoming call from a client, then you should not expect sales growth.
In a word, create. Despite the opened up prospects in the furniture business, due to some loss of competitiveness foreign manufacturers, this niche will not be empty for a long time. As in any business, the one who constantly works on it, and not in it, will win here.
Also pay attention to . This area will always be relevant, regardless of the population of the city.
The idea of a cabinet furniture production business is interesting because it is suitable for entrepreneurs with any income level. If there is no money, we are looking for clients and organize the assembly of furniture from ready-made elements. If we are ready to invest several million rubles, we open our own production workshop. Our business plan considers both options.
The technological process of manufacturing cabinet furniture can be divided into three groups:
1. Full technological process, starting with the manufacture of material (MDF, chipboard, furniture panels) and ending with the assembly of the product. This option is suitable for mass production, allows you to minimize the cost of materials, but requires the greatest investment and quality.
2. Medium– production of furniture using ready-made sheets of fiberboard, chipboard, MDF (cutting and assembling elements).
3. Short- the entrepreneur is engaged in assembly, using canvases of chipboard, chipboard and MDF. This is the most suitable option to start your business from scratch. No cutting equipment required. After earning enough client base as an extension of the business, you can buy cutting and edge banding machines.
Market analysis in Russia
Data from the Association of Furniture and Woodworking Industry Enterprises regarding the volume of furniture production in Russia:
- cabinet (hallways, sets, headset) - 25%;
- soft - 17%;
- office - 23%;
- kitchens - 22%;
- bedrooms - 13%.
Domestic furniture assortment can be divided into groups according to the following parameters:
- by functional purpose: for storage (cabinets, cabinets, chests of drawers, shelves), for sitting and lying (armchairs, chairs, beds, sofas), for eating (tables);
- by constructability: universal-prefabricated, non-separable, sectional, built-in, transformable;
- materials: wood or wood materials, plastics, metal.
A furniture company must offer customers the entire range of functional purposes. Our business plan is designed for the manufacture of furniture from chipboard.
Use of ready-made components
Necessary equipment and cost (prices are in rubles):
- – 2000;
- – 2200;
- – 2500;
- – 2000;
- – 7000;
- – 2500;
- – 2500;
- – 2200;
- – 1600;
- cutting tools (drills, knives, cutters and crowns) - 3000;
- classic set hand tool home master – 1000;
- clamps - 1000;
- miter box - 800.
total - approx. 35 000 rub. When buying more expensive equipment, the investment is 70 000 rub.
Other expenses
Requires space to assemble furniture. Can be opened. Area - from 25 sq.m. Basic requirements - it must be dry and light. You also need at least one assistant. We include wages (10,000 rubles) or a percentage of output in expenses.
With the right organization of sales, the investment will pay off in 3-4 months. Great option to start a business from scratch.
Opening of a full-fledged production workshop
To open large-scale production you can buy such equipment (prices in rubles):
- 1500 (cutting blanks of cabinet furniture) - 294,000;
- milling and copying machine HighPoint R 600 (performing curly parts and grooves) - 220,000;
- edge banding machine HighPoint BT-T (removal of excess glued edge) - 130,000;
- drilling and filler machine HighPoint BR 21 (drilling holes for fasteners) - 360,000;
- cordless drill driver Makita 6271DWAE (assembly of elements) - 7,000.
How are MDF facades made?
We select personnel:
- a designer who takes orders, goes to the client's house, draws projects, coordinates them and hands them over to the workers;
- workers of the production workshop - from 2 to 8 people, depending on the volume of production;
- driver - 1 person (this work can be performed by the entrepreneur himself);
- seller to the store (if the trading area is open).
Initial Costs(in rubles):
- purchase necessary equipment – 1 000 000;
- purchase of consumables - 150,000;
- LLC registration - 30-40 000.
To start a project for the manufacture of cabinet furniture to order, you need 1,200,000 rubles. The money can be your own or borrowed. For the second option, you need to take into account the cost of paying interest. With an annual interest rate of 22-25%, the profitability of production should be from 30-35% . It also takes into account the payback period, profit after taxes, monthly costs and contingencies. This plan involves the use of own funds.
Variables monthly expenses (in rubles):
- raw materials and materials - 150,000;
- wages for workers - 100,000.
Fixed monthly costs(in rubles):
- workshop rent - 50,000;
- office worker salary - 20,000;
- advertising costs - 10,000.
Make a product catalog, how the furniture looks in the interior
collapseMany people dream of opening a furniture store in order to have a good stable income. But before you start a furniture business, it is recommended to find out its features and how much income it can bring.
Profit depends on many individual factors. It is impossible to accurately predict the level of income in advance. If we talk about furniture, then this species goods on the market will always be in great demand. Furniture is necessary for arranging a new home, office space, etc. Therefore, there are all prerequisites for opening a small furniture business with an alternative to organizing a large profitable enterprise in the future. Successful business development requires a reasonable approach, attention to detail, the ability to analyze situations and, of course, out-of-the-box thinking.
Where to get finance to open a furniture business?
To organize your own furniture business, you need a lot of start-up capital. You will need money right away.
- for registration of IP (LLC);
- rental of premises, carrying out repairs in it;
- advertising campaign;
- the first batch of furniture for sale;
- taxes;
- staff salaries;
- Unexpected expenses.
One way out is a bank loan. But in this case, you need to consider that the furniture store does not pay off so quickly. It will take about 2 years, while the first deductions are possible only six months after the launch of the store. To reduce the initial costs of starting a business, it is worth looking for suppliers who agree to give a deferred payment for the purchased goods.
Documents required to open a furniture store
Organizing such a store from scratch is a serious undertaking that requires a significant investment of time and nerves. To organize your own furniture business from scratch, you need to collect a mandatory set of documents that give you the right to do business:
- documents indicating the number of founders of the future enterprise, the main activity, the name of the enterprise, authorized capital selected system of taxation, chief accountant and general director;
- certificate of registration of a legal entity, assignment of a TIN (you need to register in the Unified State Register of Legal Entities). Registration in the following funds is also mandatory: medical, pension, social insurance;
- settlement bank account, own seal of the organization;
- A license is required for advertising signage. To obtain such permission, you need to do:
- registration card;
– copies of the lease agreement and certificate of opening of the organization (certified by a notary);
— a map with the location of the sign, color photos;
— permission of the owner of the building to place an advertising sign (in the case of renting a room).
- permission fire service. They also need to submit an application and documents:
- registration paper;
- lease agreement;
- BTI general plan, separately for floors;
- system installation contract fire safety;
— insurance policy of the enterprise;
One of the employees of the store must be made the head of the enterprise's safety department.
- permission to install and operate cash register. Documentation:
- registration certificate of the enterprise;
- a lease agreement for a cash register;
- conclusion of a technical expert;
- device passport;
— holograms of the state register;
- IMNS registration certificate.
To save your own time and save nervous system, for such events it is better to seek the help of specialists. Such services will cost about 25–30,000 rubles.
- sanitary conclusion of Rospotrebnadzor. Application, documents:
- registration certificate of the store, IMNS;
- lease agreement;
— list of goods and quality certificates;
— medical books of employees;
- Waste collection agreement.
Registration of IP, LLC. What's better?
How to organize a furniture store and what is the best way to register? It is easier, of course, to issue an IP, but an LLC has more advantages. For example:
- an individual entrepreneur is responsible for his own activities with his property. There is a risk of being left without funds due to the bankruptcy of the enterprise. In such a situation, the owner of an LLC loses only his own contribution - this is at least 10,000 rubles;
- LLC, unlike IP, is not so often perceived as a one-day firm;
- when registering an LLC, you can always hire a director of the organization, exercise only control over his work, and the rest of the time implement other business ideas.
But for novice entrepreneurs, when there is still no particular confidence and experience, it is better to first register as an individual entrepreneur. In this case, the form financial statements much easier. And in the future, with the expansion of the business, the registration form can be changed to an LLC.
Recruitment for a furniture store
Before starting such a store from scratch, it is worth hiring professional employees. For the full functioning of a medium-sized store, the following employees will be needed:
- accountant;
- cashier - 1-2 people;
- sales assistant - 2 people;
- loader - 2-3 people;
- cleaning woman;
- security guard;
- driver.
The number of staff increases in proportion to the increase in the volume of work and the area of the outlet.
Sales assistants are the face of the store. They must be well versed in the proposed product and be able to conduct a conversation with customers. The main quality of an employee is politeness. Qualified employees can be hired using the services of special recruitment agencies.
To, you need a business plan. To compile it, it is better to contact the experts in this area. It is not recommended to ignore this case, because the business plan will contain basic information - the costs of the enterprise, the estimated profit, possible risks and calculation of business payback.
Conclusion
The average furniture store in the city for 500,000 people, according to experts, can bring a profit of up to 2 million rubles. monthly, and the net income will be approximately up to 150,000 rubles. You can recoup your own investments in 1.5-2 years.
