How to make a drain with your own hands step by step instructions. How to properly install roof gutters. Installation of external drainage risers

The drainage system involves the collection and disposal of precipitation, as well as melt water, but the capabilities of such systems do not end there, since with their help it is possible to direct liquid directly into the storm sewer. As a result, precipitation does not fall on the walls, while ensuring the safety of the blind area. In addition, the accumulation of water near the foundation and in basements is eliminated, which guarantees an extension of the life of the building.

In this article we will look at some types of rainwater drains, and also learn how to make them yourself.

The design of the drain requires the presence of special gutters for drainage atmospheric precipitation, which are installed around the perimeter of the roof using brackets. Due to the fact that the storm drain repeats the configuration of the upper element of the building along its base, there are both external and internal corners. In this case, all elements of the system are connected to each other with sufficient tightness, which is ensured by rubber seals.

Many consider such elements to be superfluous, since the option of laying gutters overlapping is available, when one part overlaps the other by at least 30 cm, and their connection is carried out using self-tapping screws.

To ensure the removal of sediment, holes are made in certain places in the gutter necessary for the installation of funnels. After that, sewer pipes are connected to the installed cone-shaped devices, that is, they are integrated into the overall system.

When the roof has a large overhang, a curved cylindrical product is used, which is possible with the help of additional elements in the form of elbows and special rings. The drainpipe is mounted on the wall of the house using clamps.

The result of such an assembly is the creation of a system of the required configuration. To arrange a storm drain yourself, you will need a house plan with its exact dimensions. This will allow you to understand what items will need to be purchased for future design, and also decide on their quantity.

Species

Drainage systems may differ in the installation method and the material used. In the first case, the water drainage structure is classified as home-made and industrial, and in the second - as plastic and metal.

Homemade drain

Solving the issue of installing rainwater drainage on your own has certain advantages. Such a system can turn out not only beautiful, but also original. You can realize almost any fantasy in terms of creating a structure to protect your home from water. It is worth considering some nuances.

A homemade system requires significant costs and regular maintenance, since its arrangement is usually carried out using galvanizing, which quickly begins to rot. In addition, it is necessary to take into account the certain complexity of joining some elements.

We have tried to take into account the common mistakes of craftsmen and have provided installation rules below.

Factory drain

Purchasing a factory-made rainwater drainage system will save you from many problems of non-compliance with standards and parameters. By purchasing certain gutter elements from one manufacturer, you don’t have to worry that they won’t fit with each other, since the factory is distinguished by the production of standardized products.

Plastic drain

Plastic-based systems are adhesive, which requires installation storm sewer with the help of glue, and without glue, assembled through the use of sealing rubber bands. Regardless of the choice of installation method, plastic gutters have the following advantages:

• UV resistance;
• no corrosion;
• strength;
• light weight;
• wide range of operating temperatures – from -40 °C to +70 °C;
• the ability to create a drain of any configuration, which is determined by a rich assortment of components;
• no need for regular care;
• ease of installation;
• variety of color solutions.

However, plastic also has a certain number of disadvantages, including the following:

• poor resistance to mechanical stress, which excludes the possibility of installation plastic building on high-rise buildings;
• regular replacement of rubber seals, which can only be carried out by disassembling the problem area and reassembling it after eliminating the malfunction;
• the inability to restore one or another destroyed instrument, which characterizes such systems as insufficiently repairable;
• significant linear expansion of plastic elements.

Metal drain

Storm sewers made of metal differ from each other in that they can be galvanized, copper, or with a zinc layer supplemented with a polymer coating. The choice of a specific type of design is based on characteristics such as price and service life. In any case, metal gutters are good because they:

The disadvantages of such systems include:

• significant weight of the drainage structure as a whole;
• a small number of components, which makes it difficult to install such systems on roofs with angles other than 90 degrees;
• installation complexity;
• high price;
• small selection of colors;
• susceptibility to corrosion (except for copper systems);

Determining which drain is better is quite difficult, since much depends on various factors, for example, operating conditions. At the same time, it is necessary to understand that the main importance is not the cost of the design, but its compliance with quality parameters.

Do-it-yourself drain from various materials

Below are several examples of how to make a roof drainage system yourself. This task is not difficult, the main thing is to have the desire to do such work, understand the process of creating a system and know some options for executing the plan. For example, a drain can be made from a sewer pipe, tin, sheet metal, wood, polyethylene, etc.

sewer pipe

To correctly calculate the gutter parameters in accordance with the expected intensity of rain flow, it is necessary to determine the effective roof area. If such calculations cause you difficulties, you can use average values, which involves preparing the following elements of the system:

• plastic pipe with a diameter of 50 mm for arranging water drainage;
• a cylindrical product with a thickness of 100 to 110 mm, necessary for the manufacture of gutters;
• adapters making possible connection the elements mentioned above among themselves, when the inlet diameter reaches 110 mm, and the outlet diameter reaches 50 mm.

Since for the manufacture of gutters it was taken sewer pipe made of plastic, it will need to be unraveled into two halves of equal size. To do this, you can use a grinder, electric jigsaw or a hand hacksaw. The first option is preferable, but there are some nuances of the process.

If you cut a pipe using a grinder, plastic will inevitably stick to the special casing, so it is advisable to dismantle this safety element. As a result, it is recommended to use other protection, part of which is a mandatory face mask. Although there is a more optimal solution to the problem - buy a special disk designed for working with plastic.

To ensure a high-quality connection of gutters and tees, do not unravel the pipe all the way: leave about 150 mm at the edges.

Metal

A sheet of metal is taken and cut into strips so that their width is 25 cm. Then these parts are given the shape of a gutter, that is, they are curved accordingly. The use of galvanized sheet or tin requires the manufacture of durable steel brackets. For this you can use wire rod (6 mm), but then you will have to double the number of hooks.

Making your own brackets shouldn't be difficult. To do this, it is enough to take a cut of a log with a diameter of 20 cm and wind a wire around it, making about three turns. After this, you need to remove the resulting workpiece and compress it. Then you need to bend the edge of the structure by 4 cm to fix it on the roof, and shape the remaining part in accordance with the required profile.

Using the same screws, the brackets are installed on the roof. Then the gutters are suspended and the catch basins are leveled to form the desired slope.

Wood and polyethylene

As source material To construct a drain of this type, you should use a thin board, the total length of which would be equal to double the perimeter in relation to the roof overhang. After which you can begin the actual production of the drain:

1. Connect the boards in pairs using nails at 90 degree angles.
2. Assemble gutters that match the length of the walls of the house, which must be overlapped.
3. Make fasteners for installing gutters in the form of hooks using boards or wire rod. The best solution will be the use not of wire, but of scrap lumber, the use of which involves cutting out triangular grooves that serve to secure the gutter.
4. Secure the brackets to the corners of the wall, for example, with nails.
5. Install narrow channels to direct rainwater from the top of the building, ensuring that their edges overlap.
6. Adjust the slope of the gutters and lay them in plastic film, securing it with shoe nails, buttons or tape.

For the manufacture of a drainpipe, a wooden gutter is quite suitable if its length is at least 2.5 m. The purpose of arranging a drainage is to divert atmospheric precipitation into a special ditch, which should have a depth of about 30 cm, and it must also be filled with crushed stone. When digging a ditch, you should create a slope that helps drain sediment away from the wall of the house to a distance of at least 1.5 m.

A wooden roof drain will last longer if you use not plastic film to ensure tightness, but silicone sealant, having previously treated the wood with a preservative composition.

Installation nuances

After all the preparations have been made, let’s take a closer look at how to equip a drainage system with your own hands. Installation of brackets is carried out with the obligatory creation of a slope towards the funnels, when, taking into account the linear meter, it is expected vertical offset by 5 mm. If there is a need to accelerate the flow of water, this slope can be increased to 10 mm.

If the length of the pediment does not exceed 10 m, a slope is made to one side. Greater value involves the installation of an additional funnel installed in the middle with a drain pipe connected to it to form a drain. But you can also make two slopes of the gutter going from the middle of the gable.

To install gutters you need:

• fix the first bracket at the point of maximum height of the sewerage system;
• fix the second one, taking into account the fact that it will be lower than the first, thereby creating the required slope;
• Pull twine between the installed brackets, which serves as a guide for marking the attachment points for other supporting parts of this type.

The described process of installing storm sewers looks quite simple from the point of view of its implementation, but there are certain nuances. To create a slope, they mainly focus on the horizontal, which is the front board, known as the wind board.

But is it always installed with strict horizontality? It is advisable to verify this, for example, using a hydraulic level or level. You can also use a simple option in the form bubble device, but only on condition that its length is 1 m or more.

Installation of a metal drain

Installation metal structure a little more complicated. The system is set up in compliance with a certain order of work: first, hooks are installed, then funnels are cut in, gutters are connected to each other, plugs and other elements are used to form the system as such, including connecting drainage pipes.

Hooks

Installation of long hooks at the stage of building a house, that is, before laying the roof, is the primary way to fasten these parts to the rafters. If the upper element of the building's covering is already equipped, short rods are used, the mounting location of which is the frontal board.

The use of long hooks is preferable, as this gives additional strength to the system. In any case, regardless of the type of fastening, the installation step of the hooks should be observed - from 600 to 900 mm. If this is not followed, there is a high probability of the system collapsing due to the load created by the snow. To calculate the required number of hooks there is a simple formula:

n = L/b,

where L is the distance that determines the distance of the first two installed metal rods from each other, b is the installation step of the supporting parts of the type in question.

The number of hooks required during the construction of a gutter system is calculated not only using the above formula, but also taking into account the fact that these supporting parts must be present at the joints of the gutter and at its ends.

To create a flow of collected water towards the funnel, the system is given a slope of 5 mm per linear meter gutters. As a result, there is a need for vertical displacement of fasteners, which can be calculated using the following formula:

h = 0.005 x L,

where L is the distance between the outer hooks.

For example, with a gutter length of 10 m, the vertical displacement will be determined to be 5 cm. The installation of the so-called starting hooks is carried out taking into account the vertical displacement. Installation of other supporting parts is carried out along a line that is marked using twine stretched between the two initially installed hooks.

Before you begin installing these parts, it is advisable to check whether the position of the cornice is horizontal, as this may affect the accuracy of the markings. The hooks must be fastened with a distance of at least 25 mm between the line created by the roof slope and the edge of the gutter looking outward.

Funnels

Mark the locations for installing the funnels, and then cut out the holes in the shape of the letter V. If you intend to install a 125 by 90 mm drain, then the width of such openings should be from 100 to 110 mm. When installing a structure 150 by 100 mm - from 120 to 130 mm. In this case, it is necessary to maintain the distance of the upper edge of the gutter from the cutout in accordance with a minimum distance of 15 mm.

Stubs

Installation of such devices is carried out at the ends of the gutter. The implementation of this process involves the direct installation of a plug followed by sealing the connection using a special silicone compound. Greater density can be achieved through the effectiveness of a rubber mallet.

Gutters

Using a hook, secure the gutter by inserting its inner edge into the clamp and ensuring that the outer edge is held in place due to the plate type of this fastener.

This installation involves fastening the gutter, ensuring that the outer edge of this element of the system should be 6 mm lower than the inner one. Setting the proposed angle of inclination is necessary to eliminate the possibility of water entering the façade during heavy rainfall.

In this case, the roofing covering should be located above the gutter, covering 50 mm of its width. At the same time, the slope line should not reach the edge of the gutter by 40 mm. Although a run-up is usually formed due to the fact that the narrow channel is installed at a slope, that is, at the top point of the gutter it can be 20 mm, and at the bottom - 70 mm.

Upon completion of the installation of the channel that collects and directs water from the roof of the building, the eaves strip is installed. Its lower edge should hang over the gutter, as this eliminates the possibility of the front board getting wet.

Connectors and corners

Special connectors make it possible to join gutters. Such elements contain rubber gaskets, which not only guarantee the tightness of the joint, but also eliminate the negative effects of thermal expansion.

The gutters must be fixed with the condition that there is a gap of 3 to 4 mm between them. Direct installation of connectors involves the following set of actions: bend the lock to an angle within 90 degrees; install the device so that its rolled side is put on the back of the gutter; Align the product and secure the lock.

Drainpipes

This stage requires the mandatory installation of at least 2 brackets with a step of 1 m. Supporting parts must be installed at the pipe joints and where the elbow is mounted.

If the walls of the house are wooden or the material from which they are made is quite soft, then the brackets are fixed with self-tapping screws. In relation to concrete and brick walls Installation of supporting parts requires the use of a drill.

The final installation process is the connection of the elbow of the cylindrical product, the drain and connecting pipes, as well as the drain elbow. Taking into account the fact that the connecting pipe is crimped on both sides, the product can easily be used when installing two risers, since it can be cut.

If there is a need to obtain a connecting pipe about 90 cm long, all you need to do is get rid of the top crimp, that is, cut it off. The height of the drain elbow from the ground level should be no more than 200 mm, as this avoids splashing water.

The last nuances of installing the system are connecting the sewer pipe to the funnel and snapping the bracket locks.

Installation of cylindrical drainage products should be done with crimping down, which is necessary in order to eliminate the possibility of leakage.

Installation of PVC drain

There is nothing complicated in installing this design, but it is necessary to take into account some nuances:

• indicate how the system will be placed, taking into account the fact that it should receive the entire volume of precipitation collected from the roof;
• determine the location of funnels and corners;
• install the first bracket at the highest point in relation to the cone-shaped device;
• using twine and a level, determine a horizontal line passing through the point where the bracket is installed, and, starting from it, set the slope;
• install the latest support piece and connect it to the first one with twine;
• install other brackets in 40 cm increments, adhering to the marked slope line.

1. Gutter installation:

• prepare a narrow channel by making sections of it of the required length;
• connect the drainage components using appropriate elements or glue;
• install the gutter on the brackets, using the latches and avoiding the joints of both the channels themselves and the funnels falling on these supporting elements;
• install plugs.

1. Installation of a sewerage system:

• connect the pipe to the gutter by diverting the drain;
• align the vertical of the cylindrical structure using a plumb line and a square;
• fix the pipes forming the sediment drainage structure in order to determine the installation locations of the clamps in increments of 1 m, but with mandatory location the top part on the line of the first joint;
• fix the connecting elements on the wall, taking into account that the sewer pipe after installation will be 2 cm away from the side structure of the house;
• mount the drain bell on the hatch, but without rigid fixation, so that you can control the drainage.

We tried to touch on all the nuances of installing rainwater drainage. Some work is quite difficult to do alone, so it is recommended to use a partner.

It is difficult to overestimate the need to drain storm and melt water from the roof surface and from the entire structure as a whole. Today, manufacturers offer enough wide range products that can satisfy the needs of the most demanding developer. Existing systems have sufficient durability, beautiful design, relative ease of installation and a wide color spectrum.

Having certain skills in construction, installing a drainage system will not cause difficulties for a novice builder. Each manufacturer has installation instructions that will help you organize your drain yourself.

Elements, types and factors influencing the choice of drainage system

Any drain is a structure of gutters and pipes, the diameter of which depends on the load. waste water per linear meter of roof.

Gutters are attached to the building using brackets or hooks (a common name among many manufacturers). Pipes and gutters are connected using funnels, and the pipes are secured to the building using clamps.

Depending on architectural features building, to install a drainage system with your own hands, the following elements can be used:

The drain can be in the shape of a round or rectangular section. The width of the gutters directly depends on the roof area and ranges from 100 to 200 mm, and the diameter of the pipes can range from 75 to 120 mm.

The material that is mainly used to make the drainage system is plastic or metal. Galvanized drainage is almost never used due to its increased susceptibility to corrosion. Copper and titanium - zinc can also act as materials for a drainage system, but their cost is much higher.

The type of drainage system is determined at the building design stage. The drain must cope with the functions assigned to it and comply with the overall architecture of the building. The main factors that need to be considered before DIY installation are as follows::

• the amount of annual precipitation in the area where the house will be built;
• color and material of the roofing and facade of the building;
• roof configuration and its total area;
• architectural concept of the building.

Before making a drain yourself, read the instructions from the product supplier!

Selecting the location of drains and the necessary tools for installing a drainage system

The choice of location for water drainage is influenced by the length of the roof overhang. If the roof overhang is up to 10 meters long, one drain must be installed; if the roof length exceeds 10 meters, two drains are used.

The location and installation of drains depends on the type of roof, and for proper installation with your own hands, you can use the diagram below.

To install a gutter with your own hands you will need the following tool:

Installation instructions for the drainage system

1. Installation of the drainage system begins with the installation of hooks. There are mainly three types: short, adjustable and long. They can be attached to the bottom sheathing board, to the rafters, or on top of the rafters. For each case, different types of hooks are used.
2. Calculate the angle of inclination of the hooks. The recommended slope should be 2-3 mm/m. The hooks are placed side by side, numbered and the fold line is marked. Next, using a tool for bending the hooks, they are bent according to the markings.
   
3. The first drain hook is installed in such a way that the distance between the imaginary extension of the roof and outside the gutter was 20 - 25 mm.
4. Installation of hooks is done at a distance of 0.8 - 0.9 meters with an inclination angle of 2-3 mm/m relative to the horizon. Installation begins from the edge of the cornice from which the slope relative to the horizon will occur. The first and last hooks should be located at a distance of 100 - 150 mm from the edge of the roof edge.
   

   If the hooks are installed not on the front board, but on the rafters or on the last beam of the sheathing, then grooves are made to level the surfaces of the hooks with the surface of the rafters or sheathing.

   
   

   Long hooks are installed before the roofing is installed!

5. If it is necessary to make a hole in the gutter for a funnel, then mark the desired location with a pencil and use a hacksaw to cut out the hole. Using pliers, the funnel is given the required form, and the burrs are removed. The metal cut area is treated with special paint to prevent corrosion.
   

   Do not use for cutting materials grinder!

   The funnel is first attached to the outer bend of the gutter, and the fixing terminals are clamped on the inside. Next, the plug is installed on the end of the gutter using rubber mallet or hand pressing. Assembled structure is installed on the hooks by pressing at each hook.

   
   

   If possible, elements such as the funnel, caps and corners should be installed before the final installation of the gutter on the roof!

   
6. The gutters are connected using connecting locks. To do this, leave a gap of 2-3 mm between the ends of the parts being connected. Sealant is applied to the rubber gasket in the form of three lines: one is applied in the center, the rest on the sides. Rear end the lock is attached to internal parties gutters. Next, the lock is pressed towards the outside to ensure a tight fit of the gasket to the gutters. Snap the lock and secure it by bending the clamping terminals. Remaining sealant must be removed.
   
7. When installing internal or external corner elements, between the ends to be connected, it is also necessary to make a gap of 2-3 mm and connect using clamping locks, as indicated in the instructions above.

   A gap of 2-3 mm is necessary to compensate for temperature expansion. Do not forget about this, otherwise the structure may be destroyed or “turned inside out”!

8. Installation of gutters takes place in previously designated locations. To attach pipes to walls, clamps are used, which are secured with dowels. The distance between the clamps should not exceed two meters. The pipe must be at least 40 mm from the wall. Pipe cutting must be done using a hacksaw.

   It is prohibited to cut pipes from the narrowed end!

   If it is necessary to connect two elbows, then measure the distance between the ends of the pipes. To the resulting value (in this case “a”) 100 mm is added for the connecting pipe to enter the ends of the elbows (50 mm for each elbow).

Problems with a constantly wet foundation and damp building walls are familiar firsthand to many owners of private cottages. The best option The solution to problems of this kind is the installation of a plastic drainage system.

Features and stages of work on installing a plastic drain

Of course, when purchasing and installing a gutter, every owner of a private home “cherishes the hope” of spending once and not thinking about excess moisture again for many years.

In this regard, before purchasing a drainage structure, he must carry out comparative analysis gutters made from different materials. We will carry out the same analysis by comparing metal and plastic systems:

• almost all types of plastic drainage systems are distinguished by great structural diversity; they can have a rectangular, round or even shaped shape;
• when hitting plastic pipe(gutter, funnel) masses of water flow down almost silently (unlike a metal gutter);
• galvanized steel gutters even the most high quality inferior to their plastic counterparts in such an important parameter as the period of trouble-free operation;
• the production of high-quality steel products is many times more expensive than the production of plastic structures;
• All discussions about the imaginary fragility of plastic drainage systems have no basis in evidence. Many years of experience in their use is a serious confirmation of the durability and reliability of plastic systems;
• due to low weight plastic construction it is very easy to assemble and install. In addition, with this approach it is possible to reduce the load on the row structural elements buildings;
• The likelihood of a leak in the version with a plastic drain is very small. This is primarily due to the geometry of the plastic structural elements.

About preparatory work

A well-drafted project for future assembly and installation work is a good opportunity to reduce real costs. First of all, you should decide on two important points: the number of drainage pipes and the length of the hanging gutters of the system.

Based on these two parameters, you can calculate the number of other auxiliary elements that require installation. We are talking about drainage funnels, clamps and holder brackets, corner elbows, plugs for gutters, and so on.

The diameter of gutters and pipes is usually selected based on two indicators - the roof area of ​​the building and the approximate amount of precipitation falling in a given area (see special tables).

The number of necessary auxiliary parts will again depend on the area of ​​the roof and its configuration (how many slopes). If we are dealing with non-standard or complex roof, you should, among other things, take into account every kink and angle. In the case of a very long roof (length), the drainage funnels of the gutters should be located at a distance of no more than 24 meters from each other.

About installation of gutters

Exists general recommendation for installing a gutter, - observe an angle of 2 degrees when installing the structure. In order to ensure a smooth drainage system for moisture from the roof, we recommend using a simple and reliable method. We install a pair of outer brackets with a pre-calculated interval, and place the remaining brackets along the rope with an interval of 60 centimeters and attach them to rafter system or front boards.

The uppermost ends of the gutters should be located three to four centimeters below the edges of the roof slopes. In this case, the snow mass will enter the drainage system without delay.

The outer edges of the gutters should be located lower than the inner ones, then if water overflows over the edge, it will not fall on the wall surface.

High-quality roof gutters should be installed in such a way that moisture collects in the middle of the gutters. For this purpose, special gaskets are used, which are placed under the bases of the brackets.

Installation of the gutter is carried out in the direction from the roof to the ground. There are two main ways to seal connections. In this case we are talking about permanent adhesive joints and rubber gaskets. Each of these options has its own advantages and disadvantages.

The joining of adjacent elements is made using understatements. Each assembly part must be inserted until it stops. For option with rubber gaskets There is a fairly serious drawback - they will have to be changed over time (this is inevitable). Self-replacement repairing a failed drainage system part is a rather difficult and time-consuming process.

Standard length plastic gutters for roof drains - three or four meters.

It is known that cutting plastic is very simple work. However, try to keep the number of connections to a minimum. Each of the burrs formed during the work should be removed using a knife or file (thus, the contact of the joints is improved).

If you have a small one-story house, and you have made a choice in favor of the adhesive type of connections - the gutter can be assembled on the ground.

An important point: installation of gutters is difficult without outside help.

About the installation of funnels

Water inlet funnels are attached to the gutter or to the surface of the wall (in the second case, the funnel simultaneously plays the role of an additional support and connecting part of the gutter). In the option of hanging the water collector on the gutter, it is necessary to make a drain hole in the wall of the gutter.

Water collectors are one of the key components of the entire system. If leaves or other debris gets inside the funnel, it can cause the passage to be blocked. The result of this is often the rupture of drainage pipes. In this regard, it would not be superfluous to equip the funnels with “options” for collecting garbage (we are talking about nets and spiders).

About pipe installation

Most often, when installing a drainage pipe to a wall, an elbow with an angle of 35 degrees is used. The use of such an elbow ensures smooth water flow in the future.

The structure is fastened to the wall using two (or more) clamp holders (the interval between clamps is 2 meters). The recommended interval between the drain and the wall surface is 3 centimeters. This figure can be used as a guide when cutting sections of pipes connecting elbows (here it is necessary to take into account the length of the connecting sections inside and the length of the fittings on the outside).

Water jets are attached to the lower ends of the pipes, which are necessary to drain water flows from the walls.

If we are talking about installing a drainage system in a house where people will live on a permanent basis, it is worth investing in a heating cable. A similar “option - good way preventing ice build-up in pipes, catch basins and drain funnels.

Video: Installation of PVC gutters

The drainage system of any building in the country is an integral part of protecting structures from excess moisture. It performs the function of collecting and draining melt and rainwater from pitched roof. If the installation is performed poorly or there is no system at all, precipitation will accumulate quite quickly, which will inevitably lead to irreversible consequences such as the destruction of the building.

Quite often, heavy rainfall can cause erosion of the foundation. These are exactly the reasons why you will need to do it yourself. By following clear instructions and following all the necessary rules, you will ensure that the system performs its basic functions.

General rules for installing a drainage system

Before you begin installation yourself, you will need to make some calculations of the throughput of the drainage system, which have some rules. It will be necessary to calculate the throughput, in addition to determining the number of elements of the drainage system that will be needed. To do this, you will need to measure the linear dimensions of the roof, the depth of the eaves, the distance from the overhang of the eaves to the ground, as well as the angle of inclination of the roof.

The data that will be obtained may make it possible to calculate the catchment area, which is defined by manufacturers as the area of ​​projection of the slope onto a horizontal surface or the area of ​​the roof slope. The size of the gutters, the diameter of the pipes and the number of funnels will depend on the area.

List of elements that will be needed to do it yourself at the dacha:

• drill;
• self-tapping screws;
• brackets;
• water intake funnels;
• hacksaw for metal;
• glue;
• special clamps for securing a metal funnel;
• protective mesh;
• special clamps;
• plugs with rubber seal;
• connectors with seals;
• drain elbows;
• clamps;
• drain;
• roulette;
• building level.

Installation of fasteners for gutters of the drainage system

Today there are several types of fasteners. Depending on the choice of the home owner, they must be mounted either on the wall or on the roof truss system. During DIY installation, it is very important to set a slight slope. 5 centimeters for every 10 meters of gutter towards the location of the drain pipe may be sufficient. This will allow sediment to go into the pipe as quickly and unhindered as possible, while preventing the possibility of water overflowing over the edge of the gutter.

If the length of the existing house is more than 20 m, it is recommended to make 2 slopes for water drainage. In such a case, the countdown will need to be carried out from the middle of the building to the edges.

Metal brackets are evenly distributed along the entire length of the wall at a distance of half a meter from each other. Using a drill, it is necessary to secure the brackets on the rafter system to each filly with pre-prepared self-tapping screws. If the pitch of the rafters is approximately 1 m, it is recommended to take care of installing additional brackets to the sheathing, while maintaining the required distance.

Installation of water inlet funnels, gutter and plugs

Water intake funnels are installed in places where drainpipes are located. If it is assumed that the water inlet funnels will serve as gutter connectors, it is necessary to start with their installation. Before installing the gutter with your own hands, you will need to use a hacksaw to cut a hole at the point where it connects to the water inlet funnel, and then clean the edges. In order to secure a plastic funnel, you should use glue, and a metal funnel, special clamps.

The outer groove of the gutter should fit onto the end of the bracket. They are laid and secured using special clamps. Similar construction work It is quite easy to complete, since the process is similar to assembling a constructor.

Next, the plugs are attached. It is recommended to buy plugs with a rubber seal on the lower arc, however, if you cannot find one, the plug is placed with the ribbed side of the seal facing up. Only after this is it connected to the gutter. You will need to ensure that the gutter fits completely into the groove of the plug.

To ensure the connection of the gutters, special connectors with seals are used. The connector should be positioned centrally between the two gutters and then secured with a lock. It is worth paying attention that the gutters must be located at a small distance from each other.

Installation of elbow, drainpipe, clamps and drain

The drain elbows should be placed directly on the funnel from below. This is necessary in order to ensure that the drain is located as close to the wall as possible, in addition to being able to secure it with clamps. In order to attach the drainage pipe with your own hands, you will need to attach an additional elbow to the funnel elbow, which is directed downward.

Next comes the installation of the drainpipe. The pipe must be placed in the elbow and secured with clamps. If the length of one pipe is not enough, you will simply need to insert an additional pipe into the first one.

After this comes the installation of the clamps yourself. For wood and brick load-bearing structures different clamps should be used. Most often, clamps consist of two arcs, which are placed on both sides of the pipe and secured using screw-on bolts.

The last stage will be. The drain will involve a turn of the pipe, which is similar to an elbow. With its help, water is drained from the foundation and walls of the building. Optimal distance from the blind area to the edge of the drain is 30-40 cm.

The main requirement for a drainage system in a country house is its strength. Precipitation can be different and in different quantities. A system that was installed incorrectly may simply not cope with a sufficiently large flow of water. Installation of all elements requires the most precise adherence to all rules and ensuring the quality of all connections.

After all construction work is completed, you will need to flush the system. This is due to the fact that the remaining chips can negatively affect plastic elements.

What to do to make your gutter last a long time

It makes sense to know some tips regarding the operation and care of your gutter.

To avoid contamination of the drain, use a mesh.

Clogging or silting of some individual sections of gutters and pipes may well cause a decrease in the capacity of the drainage system. The drain must be cleared of debris and rinsed using a watering hose. It is necessary to perform such actions 2 times a year, in spring and autumn.

To protect the gutter from possible snow that may slide down, it is necessary to install snow guards on the roof that will match the type of roof. An anti-icing system, which can be mounted on plastic or metal gutters, can protect against ice.

If the house is located under trees, the pipes and gutters may become clogged with pine needles and leaves.

In order to avoid such clogging, you will need to protect the gutters along their entire length by using a special mesh or installing a mesh basket in the inlet funnel.

In case rainwater will be discharged directly into the sewer, a sheathing will need to be installed at the bottom of the pipe, which will trap large objects of pollution.

The most common mistakes when installing drainage systems

1. Installing pipes with the socket downward may cause leakage at the joint.
2. Exceeding the recommended distance between brackets (more than 60 cm) may cause the gutter to sag in hot weather conditions.
3. If the pipe clamps are tightly fixed, this prevents the vertical thermal expansion of the plastic.
4. Installation of a drainpipe in inner corner building may make it difficult to maintain. The best place There may be external corners for installation.

Whatever drain you choose, you should remember that it can only protect the roof and facade of the house. All water that was collected from the roof will need to be removed from the site through the installation and use of storm drains.

Creation effective system water drainage is one of the main tasks that every owner of his own site may face. For successful installation you need to know the rules.

You should ask yourself the question of how to properly install gutters on the roof while drawing up the building design. This will make it possible to correctly calculate everything important points, contributing to the creation of long-term and effective protection for the building foundation from sedimentary moisture.

Why is it necessary to design gutters?

Correct counting required quantity materials for arranging a drainage system will help to take into account the following points when drawing up a project:

• Carry out calculations total area the entire roof and each of its slopes separately. The information obtained will allow you to determine the required throughput drainage system, pipe diameter and gutter size.
• Next, a preliminary plan is drawn up for how the individual parts of the system will be placed. This will make it possible to plan the sequence of installation operations and calculate the amount of material required for this.
• Correct selection necessary components usually complicated by multiple options. Most often, their external design, which the owner should like and fit into the overall picture of the house. Cheap service life plastic products almost the same as metal gutters. Another thing is that such elements do not always look harmonious on a tiled or copper roof.

What does the drainage system consist of?

Brackets

They serve to solve the problem of how to properly install gutters on the roof surface. May have different shapes and different material manufacturing. However, the color of the products must match the color of other roofing elements.

The shape of the brackets directly depends on the method of their fastening:

1. On the front board. This is the most common way to install gutters if the roof is already covered. Most often these brackets are included in the package PVC systems. Reinforced vertical ribs give the products good load-bearing capacity. For metal systems Such brackets come shortened. When there is no frontal board, installation of the drainage system on finished roof can be carried out using combined brackets.
2. The second method involves installing gutters before the roofing material is laid. In this case, the place where the gutter is attached is the rafter leg. Typically, extensive roofs are arranged in this way, on which roof covering significant weight. To ensure reliable fastening, the pitch of the rafters is made up to 60 cm.
3. The third method is used to equip roofs with a pitch between rafters of more than 60 cm. Most often they are decorated with ondulin or metal tiles. In this case, combined brackets or hooks of considerable length are used. The place of their attachment is the first plank of the frame or the lower part of the flooring.

Gutters

Their shape can also be different. It can be round, semicircular, oval, rectangular or combined. It is recommended to use gutters and brackets from the same set: in this case, their shape is the same. The most universal is the symmetrical form, the configuration of which can be selected very quickly.

There may also be differences in how to properly attach the gutter system. The simplest of them is the snap method. In this case, rotary latches are used, which make it possible to dismantle the desired part of the gutter very quickly. When choosing metering products, the degree of linear oscillations is also required, which is what they are especially famous for. PVC structures. In this case, compensation is carried out through couplings that have a notch inside the cavity.

Although metal gutters do not expand as much when heated, an expansion joint in the form coupling It is also advisable to use them when installing them. To prevent structures from becoming covered with ice, they are often equipped with a cable heating system.

Seals

For their manufacture, EPDM rubber is used, which is a modern substitute for rubber sealing. It is characterized by good elasticity, thanks to which the product is able to retain its shape for a long time. Such seals are not afraid of moisture and other harmful effects. For ease of installation, they are additionally coated with silicone grease.

Funnels for catchment

With their help, they collect water that flows down the gutters, redirecting it inside drainpipes. Plastic systems are equipped with funnels in the form individual elements. Funnels are left, right and through. In the first two cases, there is a wall in the form of a plug, which means they are installed at the end of the gutter. The passage element can be installed in any area.

Knees

They look like a short bent pipe. With their help, drainpipes and funnels are connected, and water is also drained from the base of the building. Each drainpipe is usually equipped with three elbows: two upper and one lower.

Drainpipes

They come in rectangular and round shapes, which in no way affects their effectiveness. The selection of a suitable section is carried out taking into account the design of the building and other drainage elements. Drainpipes can have a length of 1-4 m. PVC products differ from metal ones in that they have the same diameter along the entire length, which requires the additional use of couplings.

Clamps

Designed for attaching pipes to the walls of a house. May differ in material and shape.

What is a drainage system made of?

The cost of roof gutters may vary depending on the material used.

In addition to price, product characteristics also differ:

1. Plastic. These are easy to install, lightweight and reliable modern products, the color of which is preserved long time. The service life of plastic gutters is stated to be 20-40 years, at a low cost.
2. Steel. The popularity of galvanized steel is explained primarily by its low cost, and not very good performance aesthetics and durability. A more expensive type of material implies the presence of an additional polymer coating. Steel gutters stronger than plastic ones, which also affects their service life. They are mainly available in white or brown. Other color options are possible only on an individual basis.
3. Copper. The most expensive, beautiful and durable products. They can last for several centuries, but for this it is important to avoid contact between copper and titanium zinc or galvanized steel. After some time, copper begins to turn green, but this does not impair its performance.
4. Aluminum. This material is characterized by lightness and durability, up to 50 years. Aluminum gutters can be painted in any color.
5. Zinc-titanium. A light and shiny alloy that is used in areas with extreme climates. When arranging such structures, it is important to prevent their direct contact with PVC, vapor barrier and pieces of roofing felt. The air temperature when installing zinc-titanium products should not fall below +10 degrees. Due to the high cost of the material, it is best to entrust the solution to the problem of how to properly install a drainage system to professionals.

How to calculate material

Before installing a roof drainage system, it is necessary to calculate it. The easiest way is to entrust this procedure to the consultants of the company that sells drainage systems. This can also be done professional installers roofs. If you have to count the material yourself, then it is most convenient to start with the gutters. To determine their total length, sum up the length of all slopes from which water will be collected. Having this indicator in hand, it is quite easy to calculate the number of funnels, which are usually installed with a frequency of 1 piece/10 linear m.

Drainpipes are purchased in the same quantity as funnels. Their length corresponds to the height of the roof. Rotations are calculated individually, which is influenced by the configuration of a particular façade. Clamps and brackets are also not difficult to count. One bracket will be required for each linear meter of gutter. Clamps are calculated according to the height of the building: each individual section of the drain must have at least one clamp.

Installation work - how to fix it correctly

Before installing gutters on the roof, you should stock up on the following tools:

• With a hammer.
• Marking cord.
• Universal screwdriver.
• With a tape measure.
• Pipe pliers.
• Hook bender.
• Hacksaw for metal.

It is strictly prohibited to use a grinder to cut drainage elements. Due to heating, the polymer is destroyed protective coating, which subsequently affects the service life of the products.

How to properly install a drainage system:

1. First you need to determine where the brackets will be located. The optimal distance between them is 40-50 cm.
2. The brackets are marked with marks. With their help, the degree of inclination of the gutter is determined, which can be up to 5 mm/1 m.
3. The finished marks serve as a guide for bending the brackets, which is easiest to do with a hook bender. First, the outer holders are installed, and all the others are installed along the cord stretched between them.
4. When the gutter of the required length is assembled, you should refrain from fastening its individual parts: this is done during installation. Holes are cut out under the funnels in the shape of the letter V, 10 cm from the edge.
5. Installation of the outlet funnel is carried out by placing its edge under the curved chute, followed by pressing. At the end, the flange petals of the funnel are also folded.
6. The final stage of the procedure, how to properly install gutters under the roof, is implemented by alternately laying individual sections on top of ready-made holders, followed by fastening. Then it is attached to the sheathing cornice strip in such a way as to achieve immersion of its lower edge inside the gutter. The roof waterproofing should be on top of the eaves strip. This will allow condensation from the under-roof space to flow into the gutters.
7. The gutters are connected with an overlap of 20-30 cm, additionally sealing the joints with rubber gaskets.
8. To protect the spillway from debris, a protective mesh is used. With its help, the outlet funnel of the gutter is formed.
9. Overflow limiters are needed in those sections of the gutter that are adjacent to roof fragments.
10. Connecting pipes two knees are fastened. Their length is calculated at the installation location.
11. Before fastening the drainpipes, the walls of the building are pre-equipped with clamps in the lower, central and upper parts. Additional holders are required at pipe joints. The drainage elbow and the blind area should be separated by about 50 cm.

How to properly install rectangular roof gutters

It is also important to know how to properly install a rectangular gutter system. In this case, you will have to put in more effort, since the individual parts of such a drain are connected with rivets and sealant. To do this, you will need to cut a cross-shaped or circular hole. The fastening of plugs, corners and gutters is also carried out using rivets and sealant.

Homemade gutters

Exploring options for how to install a roof gutter small house, you can’t ignore homemade systems. For these purposes, galvanized plasterboard profiles without holes can be used. Their sizes may vary, so the choice suitable option will not cause any difficulties. The profiles are made into a box, and metal scissors will work to cut off the excess.

It will not take much time to make and install such a drain. This is done using galvanized mounting tape with holes. It is fastened with bolts, rivets or self-tapping screws. The required level of inclination is achieved by bending the fasteners. Similar homemade device for draining water from the roof, although it does not have special decorative qualities, but quite durable and effective.