Systems of adjustable floors on plates. Adjustable floors: do-it-yourself analysis of the technology for arranging a lag on supports. Adjustable floors video

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You can make adjustable floors instead of a concrete screed. The main thing is to know in advance all the features of such structures and their installation.

If you've ever done a major renovation, you know how difficult it can be to level the floor. The solution may be the installation of an adjustable floor. it affordable alternative concrete screed, the creation of which does not require huge effort and won't take long.

What is an adjustable floor?

In the past, floor coverings were laid on logs and concrete screed. However, today more and more builders prefer adjustable floors. This is about draft field, made in the form of plywood flooring or log. The height of the surface can be controlled using special rack blocks.

The essence of the design is to use 18 mm plywood sheets or wood logs. One or the other are supported by bolts made of wear-resistant plastic. Turning around the axis, the bolts change the height of the plywood or log, making it possible to accurately level the subfloors. After the structure is leveled, the bolts are securely fixed to the base with dowel-nails.

The base can be: beam (wooden) or concrete (with screed, hollow, monolithic). On the logs, as a rule, have moisture-resistant plywood. Further - any floor covering (, parquet board, parquet, etc.). In order to better understand what plywood or joist adjustable floors are, you should look at the photos and videos on our website.

It is best to use the design in the following cases:

• Floor covering needs to be leveled fine finish in the shortest possible time;
• It is necessary to raise or level the floors to a significant height (a concrete screed will take a month to lay. An adjustable floor can be mounted in a couple of days);
• Space must be left for communication systems;
• It is planned to create a multi-level floor;
• Need to make a new floor in old building during the overhaul or create it in a new building.

Types and features

lags

If you use adjustable supports and logs to create a subfloor, then the structure can rise by at least 5 cm. This height will allow you to find a place for additional sound and heat insulation, as well as for any communication systems.

You can easily assemble the floor on adjustable logs with your own hands. The lags have technological holes into which it will be necessary to screw the rack-bolts. The logs themselves are installed on the base and fixed on it with the help of long screws with dowels pre-hammered in them. After that, it is necessary to align the logs in level by tightening the rack bolts. And then lay a fine floor covering.

Choose adjustable floor joists and you can build a durable and solid construction even if you work alone.

Plates

If for some reason adjustable joist floors don't suit you, you can create a slab structure. The surface will rise a minimum of 3 cm.

IMPORTANT! In case of adjustable plywood emptiness will be enough for various wires, not enough for large communications.

Several plywood sheets act as plates. In the lower one, technical holes are made for a bushing with an internal thread. On the one hand, the bolted legs are fixed to the floor base with self-tapping screws, on the other hand, they are screwed into the sleeve. Turn the bolts to level the surface.

Arguments against"

There are several drawbacks to adjustable floors that you should be aware of before deciding to install:

• The floor will start to creak. Even if every anchor and every screw of the system is of high quality, this problem is not easy to avoid. Only a competent approach will help to cope with it: during installation, get rid of all the dust and dirt remaining after driving the dowels and drilling holes. Before laying the second layer, thoroughly clean the first one. Each nail must be hammered to the maximum. Unfortunately, wood in any case will be deformed from the severity or humidity in the premises. Such a floor will certainly begin to creak;
• By raising the floor to a greater height, you will hear additional sounds in the future. For example, women's heels will be heard as drum beats. Additional soundproofing required.

Arguments for"

The list of benefits is longer:

• Ease of installation. You can install the structure with your own hands during the day;
• Adjustable floor has durability and reliability;
• The design allows for additional sound insulation premises outside;
• All communications can be safely and securely hidden from prying eyes In one place;
• You can set the horizontal level of the floor surface most accurately;
• The system is created from environmentally friendly materials;
• Even if the floor does not match by 15 cm, the situation can be corrected in a short time.

Material selection

We have already said that the adjustable floor is created in two stages:

• Installation of logs with movable supports;
• Floor arrangement.

Which sheets to choose? It depends on what the face covering will be. If you want to lay parquet or lay laminated panels, use moisture-resistant plywood. If tile or linoleum, choose moisture-resistant drywall sheets.

For wooden floor experts advise taking grooved and smooth boards. The supports may be different, but their difference from each other lies only in the way the height of the flooring is adjusted - floors on the corners or on studs.

Thanks to adjustable logs, you can make a perfectly flat floor. Adjustable logs make it possible to do without such time-consuming processes as a concrete screed or self-leveling floor. Moreover, even these technologies do not always give the result in the form of a perfectly flat floor. The covering on the logs, which can be adjusted with the help of stud bolts, has many advantages and is optimal for finish coating gender.

Advantages of the method: adjustable floors on logs

Such a floor consists of logs, that is, beams and flooring made of plywood sheets and boards. The only drawback is that it is difficult to purchase ready-made adjustable logs - they will have to be built from purchased materials. But this is not difficult. After all, they are a bar drilled on equal distances with inserted bushings and supports made of polymer materials. Instead of plastic bushings and supports, you can put metal studs.

Adjustable joists allow you to raise or lower the floor at any time

A well-executed design has the following advantages:

• The floor can be raised up to 15 cm or more;
• The process is quite simple and fast - 1-2 days;
• Adjustable lags allow you to avoid the costly and long "wet" screed process;
• This method achieves high efficiency alignment;
• The ability to apply the technology in houses where there are weak wooden floors;
• Apart from flat surface the floor improves thermal insulation and sound absorption;
• The underground space can be used for various communications.

It is of great importance that in this case it is not necessary to use dirty technologies, but you can carry out the installation with your own hands.

How to make adjustable plywood floors

Plywood is a board pressed from several layers. wood material- veneer, not their wood chips. Therefore, it is quite durable, despite its low weight. Plywood floors are environmentally friendly, easy to use and work. From such material, you can make both a draft and a finishing type of floor.

Adjustable plywood floors can be installed even on uneven ground

Installing an adjustable plywood floor has its advantages:

• Profitability of investments and speed of the process;
• High thermal insulation qualities;
• If moisture-resistant material is selected, moisture resistance;
• Low abrasion, long service life.

When the ground has significant flaws, it makes sense to make flooring on legs using wooden bars.

First, the base is prepared, debris and dirt are removed. The surface is lined with any waterproofing material- film or rolled roofing material. Logs are installed from a wooden beam, taking into account the zero level - its line must pass in exact accordance with the surface of the log.

The beam is laid against opposite walls - the position is controlled using lining boards, and then checked by the level. Threads are stretched between the lags, playing the role of beacons, intermediate bars are laid at intervals of 40 mm.

Plywood panels are fitted and placed on supports. For fasteners, a bolt or self-tapping screw can be used with its complete immersion in the material.

It should be borne in mind that a plywood sheet 2 cm thick is required to lay the entire system. At the end, the surface is polished.

The design on adjustable logs can be done by hand. The installation will consist of installing the beams and attaching the primary, rough flooring under the base to them. The flooring is made from various materials, which, however, must have such qualities as moisture resistance and strength.

Before laying adjustable floors on logs, it is recommended to watch a training video

Usually a special, moisture-resistant type of plywood, DNT board or drywall is used:

• If plywood is chosen, a finishing coat of parquet, laminate or linoleum can be made on top.
• DSP or drywall with moisture resistance is more suitable for tiles.
• If a top coat assumes a tree, it is better to use planed boards with grooves and spikes for convenience and reliability of laying.

Lag technology allows you to significantly raise the level of the floor. This aspect is especially important when the house has poor sound insulation or it is required to lay engineering Communication. However, in addition to logs, you can use plates. They are best used to quickly level the floor or lay a heat-insulating layer. Plates allow you to raise the floor by only 3 cm.

In order to avoid creaking in the future, dust and debris should not remain on the floors, so it makes sense to use a vacuum cleaner for cleaning. Each rack must be firmly installed and not wobble, and all wooden and adjusting elements are securely fixed and attached to each other.

At independent work must adhere to all technological rules and take into account the characteristics of each room.

Choice of fasteners: adjustable floor anchor

Adjustable floors can be erected on metal studs or a special brass anchor can be used.

This method is especially suitable with a limited budget, because bolts can make work more convenient and simple, but they have a fairly high cost.

Adjustable floor anchors may vary in diameter and length

Drive-in anchors and studs are more affordable and are quite suitable for installing an adjustable floor. For one adjustment link, you will need an anchor - a collet, a metal stud, as well as two large nuts and washers.

The diameter of the studs, in this case, must be at least 8 mm:

• In this case, a 45x45 mm beam is used for the log. It must be well dried, it is pre-treated with an antiseptic.
• bars right size placed so that the gap at the walls is at least 5 cm, the intervals between them should be up to 40 cm.
• Marks are made on the bars for placing studs - the first is located 10 cm from the end of the log.
• After the holes for the studs and nuts are made, the fasteners are installed. A recess is also drilled in the floor for mounting the anchor. This is done through the bar and there is no need to mark the floor.
• Anchors are inserted into the holes and wrapped with a hairpin. For reliability, two nuts are screwed onto the stud. Thus, it can rotate freely. The anchor is also secured with a nut.
• After that, nuts, washers and the bar itself are put on the studs.

Alignment adjustment starts with the outermost studs.

Floor on adjustable logs (video)

Of course, making fasteners using a standard set of elements such as a wedge anchor is much easier, but under certain circumstances, studs and driven anchors will completely replace them. These fasteners are sold at any building materials store, and it will not be difficult to purchase them. And if you make the design according to all the rules, such a floor can last a very long time.

The technology of adjustable floors appeared on the market relatively recently, but has already managed to gain popularity among builders, and good feedback by users. Why? The answer is simple - it has a lot of advantages. Among them are the following:

• high flooring speed. One person can design up to 20 sq.m. in a day;
• achievement desired height floors without additional costs for materials;
• the possibility of creating a multi-level structure;
• almost perfect leveling accuracy. Tolerance 1 mm. per 1 p.m. gender;
• reducing the load on load-bearing structure. At the same time, the permissible load on the logs is up to three tons. This significantly exceeds the possible load not only in residential, but also in industrial premises;
• eliminating the need to carry out a "wet" screed;
• good ventilation and soundproofing characteristics of the floor;
• opportunity to equip underfloor heating under plywood;
• environmentally friendly, time-tested materials;
• possibility to hide wiring electrical networks, hide the pipes and at the same time ensure Free access to them if necessary.

To be fair, we note limitations:

• the possibility of a squeak. In the event that construction debris has fallen into the attachment points. It, even at the installation stage, must be removed with a vacuum cleaner. At the same time, it should be taken into account that wood is a “living” material, it deforms over time. So get ready;
• the possibility of "sounding" the floor. If the floor is raised too high - the emptiness under it will accompany you with a booming echo with every step. This shortcoming can be easily eliminated by applying heat-insulating materials.

However, as you can see, the advantages of an adjustable floor are much greater and getting them is quite simple. The technology is so accessible that building adjustable floor can do it yourself and without vocational training. And this instruction We hope this will help you.

Before starting work, you need to decide on the design of the floor, as well as prepare tools and materials. But first things first:

Design

• floors adjustable by slabs. Provide lifting height up to 5 cm;
• floors adjustable by joists. Provide a lift height of over 5 cm.

In practice, both are used. But the first ones were the most popular. However, despite the different allowable lifting heights, the technology of their construction does not differ significantly.

Tool

The minimum tool that you will need to work on the construction of an adjustable floor consists of:

• perforator;
• screwdriver or screwdriver;
• circular saw;
• jigsaw;
• chisels;
• building level;
• roulettes;
• consumables, such as drills, discs, jigsaw files, drills.

Material

The amount of material depends on the size of the floor. But, for understanding, we will calculate the amount of materials for 5 sq.m.

For slab adjustable floors you will need:

• plywood - 5 or 10 sq.m. Depends on the required number of decking layers;
• self-tapping screw 3.5x35 - 150 pcs. For fastening plywood layers together;
• threaded bushings - at least 20 pieces. They will play the role of wooden logs;
• dowel-screw 6x60 - 35 pcs. For fastening the lag to a concrete base.

To arrange the floors on the logs, you will need: timber, section 45x45 - 14 m.p.;

• plywood or osb on the floor - 5 sq.m. or 10 sq.m. - if double decking is planned. When calculating plywood, you need to add 5% for waste. Then, round up the amount of material to whole sheets;
• dowel-screw 6x60 - 35 pcs;
• wear-resistant polymer bolt 100 or 150 mm - 20 pcs. To adjust the height of the surface;
• self-tapping screw 3.5x45 - 150 pcs. For laying the first layer of plywood on logs;
• self-tapping screw 3.5x35 - 150 pcs. For laying the second layer of plywood on the logs;

Features of the choice of timber

As a log, a dried beam made of pine wood can be used.

Features of the choice of material

An important point is to choose the right material. Professionals recommend giving preference to plywood. This option can provide simultaneous floor insulation with plywood. To form one layer - the thickness of the sheet must be at least 18 mm. If there are two layers, it is permissible to use sheets with a thickness of at least 12 mm.

In work, it is permissible to use plywood grade 3/4. But the requirements for moisture resistance must be met. Permissible humidity no more than 12%. What is achieved by using plywood brand FSF or FK.

Mounting technology

Consider two options

Option 1 - Floors adjustable by slabs

Such a floor is equipped if the surface is characterized by slight deviations from the level. And the ceiling is low. Those. there is a need to save every centimeter of height.

The installation process in this case is simple and consists of the following steps:

1. Cut plywood sheets into the required pieces. Lay them out on the floor and label them. In order to know exactly where which sheet will be located in the future.

2. Holes are drilled in plywood sheets desired diameter. Bushings are inserted into them.

3. Sheets of the first level are laid on the floor surface

4. Sheets are attached to the floor with dowels.

5. Using the key, the floor height is adjusted by twisting the threaded bushings.

6. Be sure to use the building level.

7. All protruding parts (threaded bushings) must be cut off.

8. If a second layer of plywood is provided, it is laid on top of the first one and fixed with self-tapping screws.

When laying the second layer, it is important to follow the sequence of laying sheets. And ensure the absence construction debris between them. To do this, the surface must be vacuumed.

The seams of the previous layer should not coincide with the seams of the next. Figuratively speaking, they should be placed like bricks, overlapping each other.

9. Flooring is laid.

Option 2 - Floors adjustable by joists

1. Drill holes in the log beam. The distance between them should be within 300-450 mm. The higher the load is planned on the floor, the more often the logs should be drilled.

2. The arrangement of the lag begins with the ends that are attached to the floor. Then the middle of the beam is attached. It is important not to immediately tighten the bolts to the end in order to be able to adjust them.

Please note that the control device can be made independently. For this you will need:

• metal plate;
• hairpin;
• driving anchor;
• two nuts and washers;

3. Logs are set according to the level.

4. The height of the floor is adjusted by tightening the bolts.

5. The protruding heads of the bolts are removed with a chisel.

6. Sheets of plywood are attached to the logs. The mounting method is similar to that described in the first version of the adjustable floor arrangement.

Conclusion

This approach to arranging floors is becoming more and more popular. This is due to the ease of installation, the relative cheapness of materials, the ability to do everything quickly and without the involvement of expensive professionals.

600 rub

He knows that there are several of the most common ways to level the floor in an apartment. And one of them is to use adjustable floors. The use of concrete screed is gradually losing popularity. These works require considerable effort, and also involve the presence of dampness and dirt. Moreover, the installation of adjustable floors will take much less time.

One worker per day is able to independently lay floors on an area of ​​​​up to 20 square meters. m. Next, we will talk in more detail about the advantages, disadvantages and features of the assembly of adjustable floors.

Design features

To understand what adjustable floors are, you need to familiarize yourself with their principle of operation. The studs rotate around their axis, which allows you to adjust the floor level horizontally. Floors on slabs work on the same principle, which also move due to rotation. This allows you to set the floor as accurately as possible. You can level the floor horizontally almost perfectly.

Such structures will not sag under weight or “play” over time. You can install them on any available surface. Several layers of coating (plywood) can be applied to each floor.

Such floors will great solution for gyms, clubs, office space and so on. By strengthening the bearing studs, the load indicator (up to 2 tons per 1 sq. M) can be increased. The service life of adjustable floors is up to 15 years.

Features of use

Adjustable floors are most often used:

• At stations and premises for the location of servers;
• under final finishing as soon as possible;
• In houses of new buildings;
• In houses of old buildings for major repairs or reconstruction;
• To raise the level of the floor to a sufficient level (especially when additional pressure on the main floor is undesirable);
• When installing multi-level floors;
• For carrying out all kinds of communications under the base of the floor.

If you need to level or raise floors to a significant level, then using adjustable floors is a great solution. After all, it will take you a month to lay a concrete screed, while with adjustable floors you can do it in one or two days.

Also, the use of such systems is useful in houses where a distance of up to 15 cm was specially left under the floor for laying communications or insulation. Not all structures will be able to withstand the load of such a layer of concrete. But the use of adjustable floors will help you raise the level of coverage to 20 cm.

You can also successfully, for example, move plumbing (toilet or bathroom) and hide bulky communications not under a thick layer of mortar, but under the floor, where they will remain available at any time.

The use of such systems is especially popular for country houses or cottages. So you are given the opportunity to hide all communications in one place, where they will be reliably protected from exposure and available when needed.

Pros and cons

Like any similar system, it also has its advantages and disadvantages.

Advantages:

• One worker can complete the installation of an adjustable floor within one working day;
• The adjustable floor system is light in itself, so it will not be able to put additional pressure on the main floor;
• International tests confirm the quality, strength and durability of such systems;
• Using adjustable floors, you can additionally isolate the room from the sound from outside;
• You are given the opportunity to use the floor to hide all communications, which is a plus not only from an aesthetic point of view, but also safely collects them in one place;
• Maximum alignment accuracy horizontal level gender;
• Various levels that can be used in parallel (up to 20 cm);
• The materials used for manufacturing are tested for purity;
• It becomes possible to quickly correct floor irregularities, even with a discrepancy of 10-15 cm;

This system is durable

Flaws:

• Adjustable over time. To avoid this, even at the installation stage, it is necessary to remove all dust and dirt after drilling the holes and hammering the dowels. It is best to use a vacuum cleaner for this. Also thoroughly clean the first floor surface before laying the second layer. Check that all dowels and nails are completely driven in. This will not allow the structure to loosen. It must also be taken into account that the tree natural material, which breathes and is able to deform under the influence of moisture or gravity. Over time, squeaks, one way or another, will appear;
• If you raise the level of the floor for a long distance, then additional sounds will be heard when walking on it. For example, sound from women's heels will sound like a drum beat. Installing additional soundproofing will help to correct the situation.

All your work depends on the quality of the materials used. Consider their choice special attention. Quality timber and plywood will save you from having to dismantle the floor in the future.

For maximum accuracy when setting the floor level, use a laser level.

Take care to provide adequate ventilation under the floor covering.

Types of adjustable floors

Depending on the type of construction, adjustable floors are divided into two groups:

• plates;
• lags.

With the help of adjustable plates, you can raise the floor by no more than 3 cm. This is not much, but enough to carry out the necessary communications: telephone, Internet, and so on. You can also lay thermal insulation and soundproofing materials under these floors.

Such structures are sheets of thick plywood (you can use several layers of it). Special bushings are inserted into it. The peculiarity of these bushings is that they already have a special internal thread. An anchor for an adjustable floor is threaded into it, which will serve as a level regulator. Then the whole structure is installed on the base and fixed with dowels.

As already mentioned, the difference between such a system is that the floor level is adjusted directly through the holes in the slab (made of plywood or any other suitable material).

To assemble a floor based on adjustable slabs, it is enough to follow our advice:

• Drill holes in the plywood sheet;
• Then insert bushings into them, on which the thread is pre-wound from the inside;
• Insert special bolts into the bushings, which will adjust the level of the plate;
• Fix the bolts to the base;
• Turn the bolts until you achieve a perfectly flat floor plane;
• After that, the remains of the bolts that look out above the surface of the plates must be cut off with a grinder;
• The final stage of the assembly will be the laying of the next layer of plywood, which will hide the traces of the bolts.

Please note that when laying a new floor layer, its seams should not coincide with the seams of the previous one, since this will not make the structure strong.

Adjustable floor joists are the best alternative today. When using this design, the floor will be raised by at least 5 cm. This distance can be successfully used to isolate the room from sound or smells, as well as to lay all the main communications of an apartment or house.

Such designs are distinguished by simplicity and speed of assembly, as well as reliability and durability. The log is equipped with special sockets for installing bolts. It is fixed to a special base with dowels. To change the level of the floor, just rotate the bolt in the desired direction. After the floor plane is completely leveled, a coating is applied to them.

Such floors are often used in new buildings of superior comfort, in which all the main communications are laid under the floor.

The main advantage of such systems is their strong fixation to a wooden or concrete base. Other materials can also serve as a base. For example, threaded anchors can be installed on concrete plates, hollow inside, wooden beams using self-tapping screws, as well as on brick surfaces with a concrete screed using special fasteners or to a wooden floor.

To properly assemble such a structure, read our instructions:

• Special racks (bolts) are installed in the nests in the log;
• Now lay out the logs around the perimeter of the room and inside it. Here it is necessary to take into account the required sag strength of the structure, which depends on the type of floor covering. For example, the distance between the lags should be about half a meter. If you will use floor tiles, then keep a distance of no more than 30 cm. To ensure the necessary air circulation, step back one centimeter from the walls;
• Then, through the holes provided in the lags, drill nests in the floor for installing bolts. Their depth should not exceed 4 cm;
• Next, you have to put the floor covering on required level. Please note that the difference between the sides should not exceed 1 mm. For adjustment, use a special key that turns the bolts;
• After setting the floor, hammer in the protruding parts of the dowels or cut them off with a grinder or chisel.

Next is the installation of the flooring. First, use two layers of waterproof plywood. Fasten the first layer with self-tapping screws directly to the joists. The next layer of plywood should be installed with a slight deviation from the first so that the joints do not line up. In case of use floor tiles, as the second layer it is better to use waterproof drywall.

To hide unevenness and gaps between the flooring and walls, use skirting boards. Experts in some cases recommend installing them after all the finishing work.

As you can see, an adjustable floor with stilettos or slabs is a pretty good alternative to the usual one. concrete screed. Moreover, to install such a structure, you do not need to have special construction skills. You just need to be patient and do everything according to the instructions. If you have ever encountered the problem of installing such systems, share your comments under this article.