Variants of adjustable floors. Adjustable plywood floors. How to make adjustable plywood floors

There are several ways to level floors for finishing. Among them, the main ones are the screed and adjustable logs. Arrangement of the floor on adjustable logs is a less costly and quick process. We will learn how to equip adjustable floors on logs with our own hands further.

Pros and cons of adjustable floor on logs

With the help of adjustable floors, it is possible to create a perfectly even rough floor without additional leveling with cement compositions. As a leveling system, a dense material is used in the form of a flooring, on which there are mechanisms for adjusting its height. It is with their help that the horizontal floor is ensured.

Adjustable joists are installed on a solid base. In some cases, the installation of an adjustable floor is necessary:

in the process of carrying out reconstruction work in the room, while lowering the floor level, it is not possible to install a screed, since the weight of the floor and the pressure on the foundation increase;
when performing redevelopment, it is possible to carry out all communications in the gap between the lags and the floor;
if the arrangement of a room that performs the function of a cinema is being carried out, the floor and walls in this case are soundproofed with high quality;
at layered design floors.

In relation to the main material for arranging the floor, there are two options for arranging the coating:

adjustable floors on logs;
plywood adjustable floors.

Among the main advantages of an adjustable floor on logs, we note:

1. Compared to concrete floors the adjustable floor has less weight, because of this it does not load the building structure and the foundation. Such a floor can easily withstand any overlap, especially for cottages and wooden houses.

2. Adjustable floor device - a dry finishing option for which you do not need to use wet solutions, and cleanliness is maintained in the room.

3. With the help of an adjustable floor on the logs, it is possible to level not only small tubercles, but also significant differences in height are removed.

4. Installation work is carried out quickly enough than when leveling with concrete mortar. It is possible to level the floor in the room in one day, and there is no need to wait for additional time for the floor to dry. Immediately after alignment, further work is carried out.

5. Between the main floor and the lags there is an underground, inside which communications are installed.

6. In addition, heat and sound insulation is installed in this air gap. Thus, the comfort of using such a floor in a room is improved.

However, adjustable floors also have their drawbacks. This is primarily a script that is only prevented at the execution stage. installation work. First of all, dust should not remain on the floor; a vacuum cleaner is used for this purpose. All fasteners are hammered to the end, the wooden elements must fit snugly against each other. Thus, it is possible to prevent loosening of the racks.

Finally, through certain time yet wooden surfaces start to creak. This is due to the fact that the tree expands and narrows under the influence of moisture, changing its shape. Technologically correctly performed installation of the lag floor helps prevent the appearance of creaking. Another disadvantage of such a floor is that with a significant increase in the lag, the floor makes sounds, especially when walking in heels. To avoid this phenomenon, heat-insulating plates are laid between the lags.

The process of choosing an adjustable floor or concrete screed should be based on the individual characteristics of the premises in which the work is carried out. When choosing adjustable logs, pay attention to such advantages as the presence of a ventilation gap and space for laying communications, the speed of work, no need to wait for the screed to dry, etc. To receive you need to quality coating it is necessary first of all to follow the technological parameters of the arrangement of the adjustable floor. Studying about the field on adjustable lags reviews, we conclude that this species flooring is an excellent alternative to concrete screed.

Among the main functional features adjusting devices, we note:

performing the function of a reliable support in a lag or plywood system;
work as a guide element when mounting fasteners;
quick change in floor height horizontal plane.

The technology for performing work allows you to install adjustable floors on logs with your own hands without the involvement of specialists or additional tools.

The device of adjustable floor logs - construction technologies

To adjust the floor, plastic support bolts are used, which have an external thread and dowel-nails. Plastic bolts are installed either in the slabs or inside the logs themselves.

After installation of a dry screed, the bolts and leveling structural elements are fixed on the floor. To do this, a nail dowel is installed inside the bolt. Adjustable floors differ from the usual ones in that they have a special screw system that allows you to quickly adjust the height of the floor. In addition, screw mechanisms act as guides for the dowel-nail. Dowel-nails have different sizes, the choice of which is determined by the power of the leveling structures and the floor area. To hammer the dowel of nails, a doboynik is used.

Dowel nails are installed if the floor is mounted on a concrete base. To fix the floor on a wooden floor, it is enough to use self-tapping screws with a galvanized coating.

Simplified bolts for an adjustable floor contain a steel rod, an external thread. Their lower part contains elements for fixing on the surface of the base floor. Top part fasteners are distinguished by the presence of elements regulating the fixation of the floor. Another option is to use steel p-shaped parts. They are fixed on the floor with screws, however, installation work in this case takes a long time and requires additional physical effort to carry out.

Sleeve-type support bolts are installed either on the surface of the log or on the plates. Therefore, it is customary to distinguish two technologies for mounting an adjustable floor. The choice of one or another option is determined by the planned height of the subfloors:

if the floor rises more than 50 mm, then the use of standard logs is sufficient;
if the amount of floor elevation is less, then the use of leveling plates is sufficient.

In any case, with the help of special adjustable feet, a flat surface on the floor is created. However, the differences are in the length of the support bolts. In addition, the screw holes are located along various schemes in the first and second cases.

When choosing adjustable floor lag supports, pay attention to the height of the resulting coating. AT this case, take into account the height of the existing floor, add to it the communication systems that will be located in the underground space. Next, decide on the option for arranging a system of adjustable logs.

Draw up a project of the room, write down its total dimensions on a certain scale. With the help of such simple drawings, it is possible to quickly calculate the amount of material for arranging the floor. Please note that around the perimeter of the room should be located ventilation gap, 10 mm in size. Lay on the drawing of the plate, the factory configuration in the required order. Mark its number on each plate, determine the steps for drilling holes for fasteners, to determine them, take into account the material for execution finishing gender.

In order to form an ideal dry type screed for laying tiles or linoleum, the interval between fasteners must be at least 300 mm. The maximum interval for fixing fasteners is half a meter. Please note that increasing this value results in a loose fit of the tiles to the floor, so squeaking may occur after a while.

If, after the installation of adjustable logs, a plank floor is formed, then plywood is not installed on the leveled floorboards. The board in this case is fixed on the timber.

The technology of erecting adjustable floors lags

We offer you to get acquainted with the technology of arranging an adjustable floor on logs with plastic bushings. To install plastic bushings, follow these rules:

in the process of drilling the first hole, step back from the end part of 100 mm;
the remains of 10 cm from each edge are divided equally for fixing the fasteners;
do not forget to leave a ventilation and compensation gap between the plate and the wall;
set the lags in relation to the previously determined step of their fixation;
logs that are in rows are installed in such a way that each part of the plywood rests on the surface of the beam.

Among the benefits of using this method laying lag note:

creating warm and comfortable atmosphere in room;
high floor strength and resistance to mechanical stress;
durability and ease of maintenance of wooden structures;
environmental Safety;
ease of installation work;
affordable cost.

In order for the floor of adjustable logs to serve you as long as possible, before laying, all wooden structures treated with antiseptic compounds and other protective impregnations.

Boards are the most commonly used material for flooring. At the same time, the most convenient are tongue-and-groove floorboards. They are distinguished by the presence of tenon-and-groove joints, which form a solid and durable coating.

In the process of performing installation work, you will need a tool in the form of:

hammer;
electric drill and screwdriver;
ax and hammer;
level;
electric jigsaw.

Among the materials you will need lags, batten, heater, special materials for substrate, fasteners.

On the preparatory stage for installation wooden floor adjustable lags, the base is being prepared for work. First of all, the old base is cleaned of dust and debris. In the process of laying the floor, it is not necessary to level the base, this process is carried out by adjustable logs. If there are large potholes on the concrete base, putty them.

Next, cut the logs of a certain size. For these purposes, an electric jigsaw is used. The size of the lag for the floor is 5x5 or 6x4 cm. Initially, the old coating is covered with a layer of roofing material, it will provide reliable waterproofing gender.

the thickness of the insulation installed on the floor;
the thickness of the floor boards themselves.

The optimal interval for mounting the lag on the floor is half a meter. To fix the log, use anchors for adjustable floor on the logs.

We invite you to familiarize yourself with detailed instructions on the arrangement of an adjustable floor on the logs:

1. On the bar, mark the places for fixing the fasteners. Next, use a feather drill to equip the holes for the support bushings. They are fixed to the surface with self-tapping screws. The height of the floor is adjusted by tightening the outer bolts.

2. The log, on which there are bushings, is installed in the intended place. With the help of internal points, the places for fixing the lag are marked.

3. Use a puncher to make a hole. The depth of the hole should not exceed five centimeters. Install the log and fix it with the fasteners of the bolts.

4. Install the dowel nails along the extreme sections of the log with the help of a chipper. Final driving is done after leveling the floor. Ordinary dowel nails are installed after installing all the logs and leveling them.

5. A hex screwdriver adjusts the location and height of the lag. To do this, install it in the two extreme bolts. Use a level to control the action.

6. After determining the ideal position of the lag, fix the last dowel-nails, install all other fasteners.

7. If there are parts that protrude above the floor surface, use a chisel to remove them.

Thus, the installation of each element of the floor covering is carried out. After that, plywood or floorboard is installed on the logs. The interval between plywood fasteners is a maximum of 15 cm. This method of mounting the log allows you to get a reliable and technologically perfect coverage for execution further work for finishing installation.

Those who want to level the floor for laying the coating were not too spoiled by the abundance of screed options. Those who wanted to save on materials had to work hard with lining wood chips or adding sand under the logs, or waiting a whole month for the cement to harden. For those who weren't looking to cut costs, they had to shell out a hefty sum for polymer leveling compound. Adjustable floors have become an alternative to outdated and expensive technologies. Their construction allows you to save money and reduce the duration of repairs, and even do the work yourself.

Is it worth doing adjustable floors at all?

The list of advantages of leveling systems with adjustment includes all the priorities inherent in light dry screeds, arranged on logs or on point supports with flooring from chipboard or OSB panels, plywood, GVL boards. Excellent ventilation, minimal weight, paveable network engineering etc. The principle of their operation and construction is similar, the only difference is the use of special screw devices. It is they who facilitate and accelerate the laborious process of placing structural elements horizontally, which takes a lot of effort and time from the performers.

The adjusting devices consist of plastic support bolts with an external thread and an internal cone-shaped cavity and dowel-nails. Plastic bolts are inserted into the holes drilled in the logs or in the plates. After laying the dry screed elements together with the bolts in their place, the leveling structure is fixed to the base floor. To do this, a dowel-nail is inserted into the internal cavity of the bolt and hammered with a dowel.

Dowel-nail fastening is carried out if the leveling structure is installed on a concrete base. Fastened to wooden floors with galvanized self-tapping screws.

Control devices simultaneously perform three functions:

serve as reliable supports for the lag system or for plywood sheets;
work as guides for installing fasteners connecting the subfloor to the base base;
and most importantly, they help in the shortest possible time to adjust the position of the rough flooring in the horizontal plane by simply turning the screws.

The construction technology is so simple that you can build adjustable floors with your own hands. House master, which has nothing to do with construction specialties. You can even make your own adjustable dry screed according to the type of factory systems. Difficulties may arise with the purchase of a support bolt made of heavy-duty ABS polymer. However, a number of manufacturers offer leveling structures only with a metal stud bolt, along the external thread of which logs or plates move down / up.

The simplified design of adjustable floor bolts consists of metal rods with external threads. At the bottom, they are equipped with elements for fastening to the base floor, at the top with a device for adjusting and fixing the log or plywood in the required position. There is another option with metal U-shaped parts attached to the floor and to the logs with screws, but there is much more fuss with them and the adjustment is performed according to a slightly different scheme.

Two technologies for the construction of adjustable floors

As mentioned above, either logs or plates are equipped with support bolts. The choice of leveling system with adjustable joists or slabs determines the planned height of the subfloor:

If it is possible or necessary to raise the floor to a height of more than 5 cm, the owner should pay attention to structures with lags;
If it is undesirable to greatly reduce the space, and it is planned to raise the surface by a distance of 3-5 cm, a leveling system with adjustable plates will do.

In both cases, similar adjustable supports are used to create flat surface gender. Only the support-bolts and anchors for the lags are longer, since they have to “pass through” and also hold the beam on themselves. There is a difference in the arrangement of holes for screw devices and in the methods of installing a dry screed.

General rules for preparation

To select the type of adjustable structure, we determine the height at which the rough flooring will have to be fixed. We focus on the level of the floor in the room with the previously laid coating, the thickness of which will need to be subtracted in the calculations. We take into account the height and location of underground communications, if any, and the height of the lower plane of the doors. In accordance with the difference between the actual and planned level of the floor surface, we choose the option of an adjustable system.

Then you will need to measure the equipped room and draw a plan. Having a simple drawing in hand, it is easier to calculate the amount of material and hardware for fastening, it is easier to determine the optimal layout of whole and cut elements.

Regardless of the type of leveling structure around the perimeter of the room, it is necessary to leave a ventilation gap of at least 1 cm. A similar gap should be between adjacent slabs and between inserts used to equip areas not covered with whole sheets.

In the drawing, we “lay out” the plates with specified dimensions that are available in the factory or in free sale. After all, they will be covered in both cases. We determine the step of drilling holes, depending on the coating chosen for the final laying. To form the perfect dry screed under floor tiles or linoleum between the axes of the holes should be no more than 30 cm. The maximum distance between the centers of screw devices is 50 cm when leveling with plates. When aligned with 45 cm lags.

If it is planned to install a structure with adjustable joists, followed by laying plank floorboards, it is not necessary to nail plywood to the leveled joists. It will be possible to fasten the board immediately to the timber, which should not be forgotten when determining the level of the subfloor.

Floor construction with adjustable joists

There are mandatory rules for marking drilling points in a beam for plastic bushings-supports:

to drill the first hole from the end of the log, it is necessary to retreat 10 cm;
the distance remaining minus 10 cm from both ends must be divided into equal segments;
between the walls, ends and the side plane of the first log there should be a distance of 1 cm for ventilation;
logs are set at an equal distance according to the selected step;
ordinary logs are positioned so that the edge of each of the plywood sheets rests on the timber. Do not forget that between the plates you need to leave a centimeter gap.

Installation and fastening of the lag structure is carried out in accordance with the algorithm proposed by the developers of dry leveling systems:

At the points marked on the beam, holes for the support bushings are formed with a pen drill, which then need to be inserted there and screwed with screws. Flush with the plane of the beam, we only recess the extreme bolts, with the help of which the adjustment will be carried out.
We put the log with the bushings in the planned place and through the internal cavities of the bushings we outline points for the dowel-nails on the base base.
We remove the log, drill holes in the concrete with a puncher 4-5 cm deep at these points.
We return the log to its rightful place, we put fasteners into the bushing bolts.
We hammer only the extreme dowel-nails with a dowel. We do not beat "to the stop", we will perform the final driving after leveling. Ordinary dowel-nails are not fixed at all until the lag is accurately aligned and adjusted horizontally.
Using a hexagon, we adjust the position by rotating the two extreme bolts. We control the actions with a level gauge.
Found the perfect position? We finally fix the extreme dowel-nails. We screw the ordinary plastic supports all the way into the base floor and hammer in all the fastening elements inserted into the support bolts with a hammer.
All the excess protruding above the surface of the lag is carefully cut down with a chisel flush with upper plane timber.

Similarly, we install each element of the floors constructed along adjustable lags. Then we nail or screw plywood to the beam with screws in one layer, if the sheet thickness is 18 mm or more, in two layers, if we have sheets with a thickness of less than 12 mm. The maximum spacing of the boards is 15 cm. The butt joints of the second layer of plywood must not coincide with the butt joints of the first layer.

Every time after drilling holes in concrete and wood, the floor and adjustment devices must be dedusted, otherwise the finished floor will creak.

Adjustable plywood rules

Masters leveling the floor using adjustable plates should adhere to the following recommendations:

The optimal distance from the edge of the sheet to the center of the extreme support-sleeve is 6 cm, the specified limit cannot be exceeded.
After marking the position of the extreme bushings, the plate must be divided into equal, preferably square segments. Maximum length sides of a square 50 cm.
Inserts should be equipped with at least 2 rows of screw supports, regardless of the calculated pitch.

To reduce and facilitate the marking of the plate, we lay it in a pack. We drill the first sheet of plywood lined from above with a pen drill through so that a trace remains on the plate lying under it. At these points, we form holes in the second plate, etc.

Further actions are carried out in the same way as described above. technological scheme. The only difference is that you will have to adjust with the help of a hexagon not the extreme two, but four bolts.

Since it is not too easy to mark the attachment points on the base floor through a rather voluminous sheet of plywood, we stand on it with our feet. So we will fix the plywood and will not let it move.

After driving the dowel-nails with a doboynik, the strength of the installation of fasteners must be checked. Elements that do not inspire confidence must be dismantled and replaced. Before finishing laying flooring surface in without fail dedust. There will be no specks and dust particles, the adjustable floor will never creak.

If the dry screed device rules are followed, the alignment will be perfect and draft base will last for half a century. Overlappings will be better preserved, moisture from which will be regularly removed natural ventilation. And the host won't make it easy own wallet for a very weighty amount saved on the services of builders.

Adjustable floor - subfloor in the form of a log or plywood flooring

As a rule, flooring in residential premises is laid on a concrete screed and logs. A relatively new option is subfloor construction in the form of a log or plywood flooring, the height of which can be adjusted with the help of special blocks-racks. This decision is quite understandably called - adjustable floor.

Adjustable floor technology involves the use of wooden logs or slabs (sheets of moisture-resistant plywood 18 mm), which are supported by stand-up bolts screwed into them, usually made of high-strength plastic. Turning the bolts around the axis changes the height of the lag or sheets, which allows you to accurately level the subfloor. After leveling the structure, the bolt is rigidly fixed to the base with a dowel-nail. In this case, the base can be either concrete (monolithic, hollow, with a screed), or wooden (beam). Sheets of moisture-resistant plywood are usually laid on top of the logs and any type of flooring is already fixed on them - solid board, parquet, parquet board, laminate, linoleum, carpet, etc. In order to save massive boards sometimes mounted directly on the logs.

Benefits of an adjustable floor system

Such adjustable structures have a number of advantages. First of all, they have advantages over concrete leveling.

They are cheaper than concrete screed when leveling a surface with a height difference of more than 3-5 cm.
No need to fiddle with cement.
Installation of adjustable floors produced much faster pouring concrete screed.

In addition, they allow you to save money and time when arranging a base for plank flooring (parquet, parquet, laminate), because concrete preparation in this case will include not only a screed, but also a self-leveling mixture.

Do not forget also about the need to create waterproofing (and often soundproofing) on top of the screed and a layer of plywood on which a wooden coating will be laid. In aggregate, the costs of such preparation will be higher than the costs of installing an adjustable structure.

Another important point: installation adjustable feet usually lasts less than a week, since one worker mounts an average of 20-25 m² of adjustable logs or slabs per day. The situation is completely different with the base of a concrete screed: for parquet work, its strength must be at least 150 kg / cm², and the screed acquires such strength within 28 days. However, even this time period is not enough to start laying parquet or boards.

Note that European standards require drying of the screed up to 3-4%. It is a mistake to assume that it dries to this level in 28 days: this process takes longer than the curing process, and usually takes several months.

There is no direct contact in the design of adjustable feet wooden elements with the base of the floor, and, therefore, it is possible to lay logs on top of the concrete floor, and then plywood and parquet, without waiting for the concrete to dry completely. In case of overlapping with high humidity, a plastic film is laid on it, which cuts off water vapor, after which the installation of logs or slabs immediately begins.

Finally, the adjustable floor design offers the possibility air movement under the floor and thereby removing excess water vapor that can lead to warping and rotting of wood. The inflow and exhaust of air is carried out due to the gaps between the floor and the wall of the room (there is also a gap between the plinth fixed to the wall and the floor). The standard value of this gap is 10 mm. If you need to improve the ventilation of the space under the subfloor, then you can install it in the floor in opposite corners of the room decorative lattices for additional air supply and exhaust.

Another advantage of adjustable structures is that they improve the sound insulation of the room: the floor is not monolithic, but contains in its "pie" air layer. If necessary, increase the level of sound or heat insulation of the floor (for example, in a home theater or ground floor) you can lay slabs of mineral wool between the lags. In addition, plastic racks dampen noise.

Adjustable floor slabs are laid on metal plates fixed on logs. The thickness of the insulation layer can be varied, while the contact between the plates and concrete base usually not (they are separated air gap), so in the case high humidity overlapping insulation will remain dry.

Next moment: height-adjustable floors allow laying engineering communications under the floor covering(pipes up to 100 mm in diameter) and any wiring. Moreover, communications will take the shortest path, so there will be fewer connecting nodes, therefore, the reliability of the system will increase, and the cost of its installation, on the contrary, will decrease.

Adjustable floors on joists or on plywood boards have obvious benefits before concrete leveling, if we are not talking about an abstract “concrete screed”, but about a base for parquet, parquet board or laminate, which includes layer, layer and layer. Adjustable structures are cheaper than such a base, especially when it is necessary to level the floor with strong differences in height.

In addition, it gains strength within 28 days, while the installation of an adjustable floor usually takes from 2-3 days to a week. In addition, engineering communications and wiring can be laid under the adjustable floor, and, if necessary, heat and sound insulation slabs. However, in itself, such a floor increases the sound insulation of the room due to the air cushion between the floor covering and the ceiling, as well as through the use of plastic bolts-racks.

Problems and disadvantages of adjustable floors

One of the problems that arise when using a wooden floor is creak. Is it likely to appear in floors on adjustable joists or slabs? Experts say that with a quality installation of the system, there will be no creaking. It can occur when the floor elements do not fit tightly to each other, for example, when the bolts are incorrectly attached to the base or the gaps between the end joints of the log and plywood are formed incorrectly. However, with qualified installation, all elements of the system are so rigidly fixed on the base and interconnected that even a slight drying of the wood, according to experts, will not result in floor creaking.

However, possible knocking on the floor if the concrete base on which the logs rest is made with errors: for example, if the screed applied to the ceiling crumbles or cracks. Then it is recommended to remove a bad screed before installing the floor, as well as to correctly select the dowel-nail model for attaching the bolt to the base.

Poor cleaning of dust during the installation of adjustable structures leads to dust particles entering the gaps, which can lead to creaking in the floor.

We add that the maximum allowable pressure on adjustable structures can reach 3 tons per 1 m², which corresponds to large stock floor strength. Their estimated service life is at least 50 years.

Another of the possible (not everyone even notices it) disadvantages of adjustable floors can be called a kind of rumble when moving on them, especially if shoes with high heels or the sole is very hard. This is especially pronounced if you jump on such a floor.

Installation of adjustable floors

If it is necessary to raise the floor by 50 mm or more, install adjustable log design. And if the required lifting height is from 30 to 50 mm, apply system of adjustable plates (plywood).

Adjustable log system (adjustable floor on logs).

When installing the floor on a concrete floor, logs with a section of 45 x 45 mm and a length of 2 or 3 m are most often used. Their standard step is 300 mm between the axes of the bars. When laying the floor on a floor of wooden beams, logs of a larger section are usually required, its value is selected taking into account the step of the beams (as a rule, logs with a section of 45 x 70 mm are used). You can also vary the step lag. For each log there are 5 bolt-racks with a diameter of 28 mm, under which threaded holes are prepared at the factory.

The length of the bolts is usually 100 or 150 mm: it is chosen depending on how high the floor needs to be raised. The installation of the structure begins with the fact that bolts are screwed into the logs, then the logs are laid out on the base with the required step and holes for the dowel-nails are marked. Moreover, a gap of about 10 mm is left between the lags and the walls.

First, bolts are screwed into the logs, after which they are laid out on the base, outlining and then drilling holes for dowel-nails

Log alignment is carried out using a level and a hex key

After that, they begin to level the lag by rotating the bolts with a hex key (the bolts have a hex groove), using a level.

Adjustment of the height of the plastic bolts is carried out using a special hex key

Having completed the alignment, the dowels are hammered all the way into the base, and the protruding part of the plastic bolt is cut flush with a chisel.

After leveling the lag, the dowels are driven all the way into the base

Then plywood flooring is mounted. According to the recommendations of the system manufacturers, the thickness of the deck should be at least 18 mm. However, many experts recommend making flooring up to 30 mm thick with a lag step of 300 mm for parquet and solid board.

Usually two layers plywood sheets(overlapping the joint of the two lower ones with the top sheet) to ensure maximum rigidity of the structure. As a rule, plywood layers are fastened with self-tapping screws, but experts are increasingly recommending that in addition to this, be sure to glue upper layer to the bottom. A floor covering is mounted on top of the plywood.

We add that there are other adjustable designs on the market. In particular, systems where metal rack bolts (anchors) are used, and adjustment takes place using a nut with a support washer screwed onto them.

There are also systems with U-shaped metal brackets that “wrap around” the log from the sides and fix it with self-tapping screws. The bracket has a number of holes, and after alignment, the screws are screwed into holes that are suitable in height.

The reliability of the floor structure according to adjustable lags is achieved due to right choice section and step lag in combination with the thickness of the subfloor, as well as due to quality installation. In a standard situation, the lag step with a section of 45 x 45 mm should be 300 mm with a subfloor thickness of 30 mm (usually these are two layers of plywood with a sheet thickness of 18 and 12 mm). Plywood layers should be glued together to achieve maximum structural rigidity.

There is an exception: in case of using parquet board fixed to the base with glue, it is enough to lay one layer of 18 mm plywood, since such a board and plywood have the same amount of thermal expansion, and the rigidity of the structure is beyond doubt. The cross section and step of the lag change, as a rule, when the floor is laid on top of the floor of wooden beams. The distance between the beams can be quite large (1 m or more), so you either have to increase the cross section of the log, or set the logs with a smaller step and increase the thickness of the two-layer flooring - from plywood or a combination of grooved board and plywood.

The price of components for adjustable floor structures is from 400 rubles/m². Adjustable plywood floor mounting kit

Adjustable plate system (adjustable plywood floor).

The technology for mounting an adjustable plywood floor is somewhat different. A hole is drilled in plywood, into which a plastic sleeve with a diameter of 60 mm is inserted, having a threaded hole. The sleeve is fixed on a log or plywood with self-tapping screws. Then a bolt-rack is screwed into the sleeve, after which the entire cycle of the above works is performed.

Technology of the system of adjustable plates (plywood):

	1. Drilling holes in plywood and fixing plastic bushings with self-tapping screws;
	2. Screwing the stud bolts into the bushings
	3. Fastening bolts-racks with metal dowel-nails to the base

Currently, the main criteria that apply to sexual bases are strength and reliability, since the quality of laying the floor depends on them. finishing material. In order for the floor to be even, experts advise giving preference to adjustable structures that are built along the logs.

What you need to know about adjustable floors

hollow wear-resistant polymer bolts are used as adjusting elements;
the adjustable base is divided into two types: by plates and by logs;
if plywood is used as the base of the adjustable floor, then the bolts should be fastened to bottom side sheets;
when laying insulation between the concrete base and the adjustable floor, metal clamps should be fixed on the inner surface of the log;
logs should be located at a distance of 25-45 centimeters from each other, and the step under the tile should be small;
if there are no hollow polymer bolts, then the fastening mechanism can be made from a threaded anchor. In this case wooden logs or sheets of plywood are clamped on the anchor pin with washers and nuts;
adjustable floors correct installation can last up to 35 years.

Adjustable floor device

An adjustable floor on logs is a floor device located on special boards, under which there is an underground space. Due to this, the floor surface does not need additional leveling with a concrete screed.

A threaded anchor for an adjustable floor is attached to the base, which can be wood, concrete or earth. The height of the floor is adjustable due to the possibility of the latch to rotate around its axis.

Anchors are attached to the base, depending on the type of subfloor:

mount to concrete slab occurs with the help of polypropylene needle dowels;
mount to wooden base occurs with the help of self-tapping screws;
fastening to a concrete screed occurs with the help of dowel-nails.

The anchor structure performs the following functions:

adjusts the height of the floor;
provides load separation;
enhances the strength of the connection between the subfloor and the adjustable one.

Benefits of adjustable floors

Adjustable floors have large quantity advantages, among which are:

the ability to use as a basis for any finishing material;
possibility of installation on your own, since the work is quite simple and does not cause any particular difficulties;
ease of construction, due to which it can be used in the arrangement of loggias or balconies;
the possibility of laying communications or an insulating layer in the space between the flooring and the base;
installation of an adjustable floor on logs is a fairly dry and clean type of work, which allows you not to stain the walls during work;
wooden floors are able to cope well with differences exceeding 15 centimeters;
the cost of adjustable floors is more affordable compared to a concrete screed, which makes them more popular;
thanks to modern technologies it becomes possible to arrange a perfectly flat floor that does not create a creak.

DIY adjustable floors

Adjustable indoor floors

To begin with, you need to fix the logs on the base in increments of 30-50 centimeters, using screw-in rack bolts. Then the lags are leveled, for which the strut bolts are rotated along the axis using a special key. In conclusion, plywood is laid on the logs in a double layer, while the thickness of each sheet should be at least 12 millimeters. In the event that ceramic tiles are laid in the future, moisture-resistant plywood with a thickness of about 10-12 millimeters should be used to lay the top layer.

During the installation of adjustable plywood, 16 through holes. Then plastic bushings are inserted into them, into which bolt-racks are screwed. After that, you can begin to align the sheets by rotating the bolt-racks fixed to the base with dowels.

Attention ! To install the floor, it is necessary to use logs made of durable wood with a moisture content of 12 to 14%. They must be free from cracks or knots, mold or rodent infestation. The length of the lag is usually 2 meters, and the cross section is 4.5 by 4.5 centimeters. Before starting work, the material should be treated with special protective compounds. There must be enough air in the underground for ventilation.

The main advantage of such a floor is that it becomes possible to arrange a perfectly smooth and even subfloor on an unprepared base. Thanks to this, almost any floor covering can be used in the future.

Setting the horizon level with adjustable logs

By erecting a structure of this type, it is possible to mask any systems (ventilation, heating, electrical, etc.). If a “warm floor” system will be installed in the room, then its installation, made according to this design, will significantly reduce heat loss through the floor and, thereby, significantly save electricity.

Despite the fact that such an adjustable design is characterized by a fairly low weight, it is able to withstand heavy loads, which can reach up to 2500 kilograms per 1 square meter. Thanks to this, adjustable floors have found their application not only in the arrangement living rooms, but also warehouses, gyms and other premises.

Houses with such a floor construction can be erected even on soils in which heavy loads on the foundation are strictly prohibited. If the floor cannot be raised too high, then you can use a special design for adjustable plywood, in which the rise will reach only three centimeters.

The technology of its installation is almost no different from the installation of a log. The main difference is that instead of lags, naturally, plywood sheets are used.

Plywood is a material used not only in households, but also in aircraft construction, shipbuilding, furniture production and many other industries. With the help of plywood, you can easily replace the damaged area of the floor, because it goes well with floor coverings from linoleum, laminate, carpet and parquet. But in order to avoid any misunderstandings, you need to know how to properly lay plywood.

Advantages of plywood over other materials:

the strength of the material is the same in all its directions;
sheets are large enough;
the formation of through cracks is completely excluded;
plywood bends easily;
transportation of material does not cause any difficulties;
has a low weight, but high strength;
plywood is characterized by high quality sanding and hard surface;
The material is waterproof and odorless.

Adjustable plywood is great in cases where the floor has distortions exceeding the mark of 15 centimeters, or communications pass through it.

Attention ! When adjusting the floor along the joists, the height of the room usually becomes lower by about 7-8 centimeters, so it is recommended to use it in rooms with high ceilings. In turn, when laying floors on adjustable plywood, the floor rises by no more than 3 centimeters, so the second method is considered more effective.

when choosing materials for leveling floors, you need to look for timber and plywood as much as possible High Quality, since this show significantly affects the result of the whole work as a whole;
for ease of installation, it is recommended to purchase laser level, which will allow you to achieve more accurate results;
floor slabs and the base must be as strong as possible, not crumble or crumble;
do not forget about the need for ventilation of coatings;
so that the floors do not creak, during the installation process, all surfaces should be cleaned of dust (as soon as the holes are drilled and the bolts are screwed, the surfaces are thoroughly vacuumed). In addition, the dowel-nails should be nailed as hard as possible so that the racks do not loosen;

When using this method, the logs are replaced with bushings, inside of which there is a thread (for this, special holes are drilled in the plywood). 6 plastic bolts are screwed into the bushings, which later need to be attached to the base with a dowel. A wrench should be used to level the adjustable plywood.

First you need to carefully level the first layer of plywood, then install the next layer and screw it with self-tapping screws. Before laying the second layer, it is necessary to carefully overlap the joints of the previous one, which will avoid the formation of seams. Thanks to the actions taken, the floor surface will become even and smooth.

Adjustable log supports are one of the most simple ways subfloor leveling. Thanks to this technology, it is possible to avoid "wet" work associated with pouring the screed. This allows you to lay the top coat on the subfloor immediately after installing the wooden lathing from the log and particle boards. The article will discuss the main types of supports suitable for adjusting the height of floor beams, as well as the features of their application.

Design features of adjustable logs

To level the subfloor, not so long ago they began to use not only screeds, but also logs on adjustable supports. What is the working principle of this design? To base material anchor devices with a screw mechanism are attached, which can be adjusted in height. After that, the floor beams are set so as to achieve the maximum horizontality of the wooden crate.

In the process of leveling floors, supports of various types and materials can be used. They can be attached to the following types of bases:

wooden beams;
concrete plates;
cement screeds;
reinforced concrete monolith.

Do-it-yourself installation of such systems is undesirable, since it involves precise adjustment of the beams in height. A similar effect can only be achieved with the help of professional devices. The unevenness of the floor leads to a violation of the geometry of the finish coating, which is fraught with its deformation.

Benefits of adjustable floors

Compared to other floor leveling methods, lags that can be varied in height have a number of advantages, namely:

This technology eliminates the need for "wet" technical processes associated with pouring self-leveling and cement-sand screeds;
Wooden structures weigh less than concrete screeds, therefore, they can be installed on bases with a low bearing capacity;
After preparing the floors using this technology, almost any type of finishing coating can be applied to the rough base;
The space under the joists, formed with the help of screw anchors, provides sufficient ventilation of the floor, which prevents the accumulation of condensate;
Do-it-yourself installation of adjustable supports takes only a few days. While any cement strainer dries for at least 3 weeks;
The space under the floor can be used for laying the necessary communications;
In the process of leveling the floors, the level of the base can be raised by 15-20 cm if necessary;
Laying of finishing materials can be carried out without mounting any additional substrates;
The air layer under the lags provides additional heat and waterproofing of the base.

Types of adjustable structures

When arranging the floor with your own hands, you can use several various designs with adjustable lags. Each of them has its own advantages and disadvantages. Among the most popular "jacking" systems include:

Set of threaded plastic posts and fasteners for concrete. In this case, a thread is cut in the beams with their own hands, into which hollow racks are inserted. If necessary, they can be screwed to the desired depth;
Set of fasteners for concrete and plastic bushings. Unlike the previous design, finished bushings with internal rather than external threads are mounted in through holes in the beams, which are additionally fixed with self-tapping screws;
A set of logs, bushings and bolts-racks. In this floor leveling system, the bolts have tapered through holes into which self-tapping screws or other fasteners are inserted to securely connect to concrete.

To buy a quality kit, first of all, you need to check the quality of the supports themselves. The thread on them should be smooth without any damage. Otherwise, it will not be possible to set the desired lag height, which is fraught with distortions.

Plastic metal supports

The arrangement of the subfloor with the help of "jacking" systems involves the use of special threaded supports. They are conventionally divided into two broad categories:

Metal. They are made of galvanized steel, so they are practically not subject to corrosion. Such anchor devices are able to withstand very heavy loads and therefore are used in the arrangement of commercial premises. The only, but significant drawback of such supports is "assistance" in the destruction of the concrete base. Metal pins “dig into” the base over time, which leads to cracking;
Plastic. Unlike metal racks, they are less durable, but completely unaffected by moisture. In the case of installation of rack-bolts with a small pitch, they can withstand loads of more than 300 kg per m 2 of coating. plastic supports practically do not create a load on concrete floors and therefore do not contribute to their destruction.

Types of supports by type of construction

What types of racks for leveling the floor with a log are best to use? When arranging "jack" wooden crates can be used different types anchor devices, namely:

Hairpins. In the process of finishing the subfloor, threaded studs are attached to the base. Two adjustable "plates" are fixed on them, between which there is a beam. By rotating the lower plate, you can adjust the beam in height, and the upper one is fixed to make the structure more rigid;
corners. Metal U-shaped profiles are initially fixed with the base down on concrete floor. Each side of the corner contains two or three rows of through holes spaced from each other with a small step. After setting the desired level, the logs are fixed in the corners at the desired height;
Racks with automatic adjustment height. Plastic racks with automatic regulation have a jack mechanism. Thanks to them, it is possible to carry out automatic correction of the lag in height with a slope of 0 to 5 degrees.

Prices for professional supports

Manufacturers offer a lot of different types of adjustable racks. And it is not always clear why the price of one or another model of supports is formed, when visually some of them are very similar. To buy really high-quality anchor devices, consider the differences between budget and professional series products:

Budget supports. The price of screw anchors of this series varies from 1 to 3 dollars per piece. The low cost is due to not the best quality of the material from which the rack bolts are made, as well as their fragility;
Professional supports. Visually, professional screw racks are similar to budget ones, but they are made of special plastic. It has heat and frost resistance, as well as greater strength. Some of them are equipped with a self-regulation system, so that the floor leveling procedure takes a minimum of time. The price of professional supports ranges from 4 to 8 dollars apiece.

How to make screw supports?

To equip floors with adjustable beams, it is not necessary to buy expensive rack bolts. Knowing already some of the features of the system that were discussed above, it will not be difficult to make such devices on your own. To assemble adjustable anchors, you will need:

nuts;
metal plates;
hairpins;
driven anchors;
washers.

Assembling the screw support for leveling the floor:

The first step is to fix the metal plate on the stud with a powerful bolt and a suitable nut;
With the help of a nut, the height of the beams will be adjusted in the future;
After adjustment, the logs are fixed with another nut;
To keep the top nut out of the way when laying the finish coat, wooden beams grooves are made for its complete disguise.