Installation technology of pvc window blocks. Proper installation of plastic windows - video instruction. Preparation of the window opening and windows

Installing PVC windows with your own hands is a simple process that does not require special skills or technological skills. Immediately after the delivery of new windows home, you can start self-installation while spending a little time. But it is necessary not only to carry out installation - it is also necessary to prepare workspace stock up on tools and avoid possible errors that lead to negative consequences.

So, you already have ready-made PVC windows at home that you can install. First of all, it is necessary to dismantle the old window frames and prepare the working space for the subsequent installation of new double-glazed windows.

Dismantling is very easy - it only takes a few tools. This is a crowbar, a screwdriver, a hammer and a chisel. Dismantling is carried out as follows:

The first stage - we carry out the dismantling of old windows

1. First of all windows are removed. To do this, you need to use a hammer and a chisel (or a screwdriver). First, movable windows with frames are removed. To do this, gently pry with a screwdriver bottom loop , on which the window is attached, after which it is hooked upper loop . After that, several intense, but neat blows are applied from the bottom of the frame - so it should come out of the loops. If the movable window was not fixed tightly enough, then a small effort is enough to remove it from the hinges.
2. After dismantling the movable windows, it is necessary to remove the window sill. For this, a chisel and a hammer are taken, with the help of which the plaster is beaten in the grooves of the window sill. Set aside the tools and take the crowbar. With its help, the window sill is pushed from below (in the area between the window sill itself and concrete slab) and loosens - for easy dismantling, it is necessary that the window sill "walk" freely. If there is any filler or fixing elements under the window sill (as a rule, in old designs there are wooden bars for support), they are removed. After that, the window sill is carefully pulled off from the side of the frame with a crowbar and several jerky movements moves forward. As a rule, old window sills are weakly fixed, so there will be no problems removing them.
3. The entire window frame is dismantled. Along the perimeter of the window, plaster is beaten off with a hammer - its thin layer hides the spacers on which the frame rests. Initially, wooden spacers are removed from the side. After that, with the help of a crowbar, a part of the window frame is extended.

As a rule, many builders neglect all the rules of dismantling - the wooden window sill is simply cut into pieces by a grinder, and the concrete one is broken with a puncher. The frames are also cut into pieces, after which they are taken out of the opening in separate pieces.

Preparation of the window opening and windows

After dismantling the old window frames there will be a lot construction debris. On the surface of the opening there may be remnants of old insulation, plaster and small debris (wood chips, sawdust, etc.). All this must be removed from the surface of the opening. Ideally, before installing new PVC windows, the window opening should be presented or neat brickwork(if the house is brick), or a flat and smooth concrete slab (if the house is panel). All irregularities, cracks and chips are covered with plaster and leveled.

Is the window opening ready? Then you need to check the condition of PVC windows. It is necessary to inspect the block for deformation, and then check the completeness of all parts. Be sure to check the availability of the following components:

• Windowsill;
• Plugs;
• Mounting profile;
• Anchor plates required for fixing the window;
• Installation instructions (some manufacturers provide it in one set with a double-glazed window);
• Accessories (handles, plugs for handles);
• Low tide.

After everything is checked, it is necessary to prepare tools for installation work.

PVC window installation tools

To install PVC windows with your own hands, you will need the following tools:

• Building level;
• Screwdriver;
• Mounting foam and a gun for it;
• Perforator;
• primer;
• Hexagons (it is desirable to have 5-6 pieces in the set);
• Pencil or marker;
• Roulette;
• Paint brush.

As a rule, installers are limited to a smaller set of tools. But, since you need to do the right installation of a plastic window with your own hands, and these windows must be installed securely, it is recommended that you use the list above.

Taking window measurements

There are two ways to measure - with a quarter and without a quarter. Let's take a closer look at each of these methods.

Taking measurements without a quarter

A PVC window is installed in a cleaned and pre-prepared window opening. To order a window, you need to carry out the following calculations:

• Window height: five centimeters are subtracted from the vertical of the window opening;
• Window width: three centimeters are subtracted horizontally from the window opening.

The resulting gaps will subsequently be blown out mounting foam. The result is following parameters: an indent of 1.5 centimeters is made from the sides of the opening and 2.5 centimeters from the top and bottom sides.

After that, the window sill and drain are measured. Each value obtained must be increased by at least 6-7 centimeters.

Taking measurements with a quarter

Measurements are carried out as follows: the window opening is measured horizontally in the bottleneck. The resulting value must be increased by three centimeters - this determines the required window width. In the vertical direction, the length is measured from the base of the window opening to the upper quarter - this is how the height of the window is determined.

As a result of measurements, you should get indicators:

• Width and height of the window;
• Width and height of the window sill;
• Drain width and height.

Installation of PVC windows according to GOST

In most cases, GOST for the installation of plastic windows is purely advisory. However, we recommend that you adhere to the basic requirements - this is necessary, first of all, for the owner of the house.

There are two mounting technologies. Do-it-yourself installation of double-glazed windows can be done with unpacking windows and without unpacking. In the first case, it is necessary to completely disassemble the window - remove the glazing beads, pull out the double-glazed window, and then fix the frame with anchor bolts in the opening, and then mount double-glazed windows and glazing beads. In the second case, the window is not disassembled, but fastened with special fasteners, anchor plates, without the use of through fastening with dowels. The first method is considered more difficult and requires certain work skills. That is why we will consider only the second case, as the most preferable for the majority of the inhabitants.

We install windows

Before you start installing windows according to GOST, you need to create your own plan. This can be either a self-developed drawing or an instruction that comes with the manufacturer. Following the plan will help to complete the work without errors and with maximum accuracy.

The work is carried out as follows:

• The surface of a pre-prepared window opening processed by primer in order to ensure better adhesion with hydro- and vapor barrier tapes. Primer should be applied with a regular paint brush.
• We remove the packaging from the windows and glue on the half-perimeter of the frame PSUL sealing tape. This will provide additional protection for the mounting foam from harmful effects UV rays and precipitation.
• The window frame is installed in the opening. This moment we will look at it in more detail later.
• We fill the seam with mounting foam.
• The next step is to glue the frame internal vapor barrier. To do this, a vapor-tight tape is glued on the inside of the frame.

We use the following rules when installing a plastic window:

1. We put marks on those places of the frame where the fastening will subsequently take place.
2. Fasteners are attached to the frames from the sides, while maintaining a step of 50 cm. It should be borne in mind that the maximum indent from the edges should be no more than 15 cm.
3. Fasteners - anchor plates - are attached to the window opening with self-tapping screws.
4. The window is placed on plastic mounting wedges at the building level. Any deviation must be avoided.
5. For additional fixation on the sides, mounting wedges or ordinary wooden bars are used - they are inserted in the gaps between the fasteners.

• On the outer side of the window, after installing the frame, a diffuse tape is fixed under the ebb.
• The gaps left between window frame and walls, it is necessary to blow out with mounting foam.

Tip: When securing the window frame with fasteners, it is not necessary to tighten all the screws tightly. Only after the structure is finally fixed, you can bring the fasteners to the stop.

The window sill comes with plastic windows. The master himself determines what width he should have. Measurements are taken, after which the window sill is carefully cut to the desired length. Next, the window sill is installed as follows:

• A window sill is installed on wooden bars and adjustable in height. Adjustment should be carried out with the building level so that the window sill is strictly horizontal with respect to the window opening.
• After the position is finally established, the window sill is removed, plugs are put on its side parts. An adhesive mixture is laid on the wooden blocks, which are the basis for the window sill (it is recommended to use CM-11 or a similar material).
• The window sill is re-installed on the bars and pressed a little. This procedure must use building level, since the window sill during installation may lead a little to the side.
• After the adhesive solution is fixed, the space between the window sill and the window opening is blown with mounting foam.

Low tide installation

It can be installed as a home-made ebb, and the one that comes with the metal-plastic bag. If you purchase a drain, then you need to take into account that it is fastened with self-tapping screws to the bottom profile, and the part of the window protruding above it should protect the junction of the profile with the drain. The drain itself is mounted extremely simply: a profile is attached to the window opening, after which, with the help of self-tapping screws, the drain is fixed on it. For additional protection attachment points are blown with mounting foam.

PVC window sealing

Technological features foaming are written on a cylinder with polyurethane foam. Each master can verify this on his own by reading detailed instruction indicated on the bottle. The foam polymerization process is catalyzed by high humidity. That is why, before starting the sealing process, it is necessary to moisten the places with plain water. In the absence of moisture, polymerization will not be of sufficient quality.

After the foam hardens, it must be carefully cut off with a regular clerical knife. Do this carefully so as not to damage the metal-plastic windows.

Tip: Do not try to fill the entire cavity of the assembly seam the first time. To get started, you need to use mounting gun apply a little foam, wait for it to swell, and then reapply the required amount.

Common installation errors

Both beginners and masters can make mistakes when installing plastic windows. As a rule, the most common are the following:

• Carrying out incorrect measurements or lack thereof;
• Selection of unsuitable profiles for installation;
• Mounting on uneven surface, or on a surface that has not been previously cleaned;
• Installation of PVC windows without level;
• Wrong fixing of the window. Some people either use too many fasteners or don't use them at all. There is only one result - the window can be deformed during operation;
• Installing a window at insufficient depth. If the window is placed too close to the inner edge of the window opening, a significant decrease in temperature around the window is possible, and, as a result, the formation of condensate;
• Improper sealing. Mounting seams are either insufficiently blown with foam, or unevenly. This leads to the fact that after a few years of operation, the window begins to fog up and loses some of its advantages.

In order to avoid common mistakes, it is necessary to carry out installation exclusively according to the instructions and in compliance with technological features.

Conclusion

As a conclusion, I would like to note: installing pvc windows with your own hands does not present any difficulties. The entire process of installing one double-glazed window of medium size lasts for one day. This takes into account not only the installation process itself, but also the time spent on dismantling, cleaning and preparation. As a result, you will receive not only robust design but also save a lot of money.

We hope that our description of the technological process of installing PVC windows will help you in further construction work.

Installation of plastic windows photo

This section presents photos on the topic of today's article. All photos are clickable.

Before starting installation work, it is necessary to completely free the window opening and the space next to it:

• remove everything from the windowsill,
• take down the curtains
• free the approach to the window by moving the furniture at least 1.5 meters from the window.

Protect the room from dust and dirt by covering the floor and furniture with cloth or thick oilcloth.

For ease of installation, connect the 220V power supply through an extension cord, prepare garbage bags.

Dismantling the old frame

After the room is ready for the appearance of dust and debris, they begin to dismantle the old window frame.

The shutters are removed from the window. dismantled window frames. If necessary, dismantle (knock down) slopes.

The old window frame is dismantled, and, as a rule, it is seriously damaged. If you wish to use old windows, for example in a country house, you should specify the option of keeping the old windows when ordering.

The old ebb, the old window sill is being dismantled.

PVC window installation

The sashes are removed from the plastic window, the double-glazed window is removed. A window frame is inserted into the prepared opening and fixed to anchor bolts or mounting plates. At the same time, it should be strictly observed that the frame is level, and not along the opening (in houses there are often cases when the horizon line of the window opening is far from ideal, the frame should also be set vertically to the level). Otherwise, the window will not function properly.

The gaps between the wall and the frame are foamed with mounting foam. The foam performs both an insulating function and is a fastener. The quality of this stage of installation largely depends overall result. The foam must be applied evenly and fill all the recesses and cavities of the opening, and it is necessary to take into account the degree of expansion of the foam.

Installing a plastic window in most cases implies that a new window sill and a new ebb will be installed along with the new window. An exception is the case when repairs are being carried out in the apartment (house, room) and the window sill can be installed on its own.

If the window to be mounted opens onto a balcony (as in this case), then it is quite expedient and functional instead of ebb (with outside windows) install a window sill.

If you have a good old tide, then you can save it for a new window, but in this case it will require restoration (restoration) - payable service, the cost of which differs slightly from the cost of a new ebb.

The window sill is cut out under the opening and attached to the window (to the stand profile). If the opening under the window sill is small, then it foams. Otherwise, laying or sealing the opening with mortar is necessary. When installing a window sill (window sill), it is controlled that it has a slope from the window within 5 degrees, and the overhang beyond the inner surface of the wall is not more than 60 mm.

When installing a window sill, it should be taken into account that its edges go beyond the finish internal slope to a depth of at least 15-20 mm.

Advice: when choosing the width (depth) of the window sill, it should be borne in mind that the window sill is "recessed" by 2 cm under the window frame, so the width of the installed window sill will be 2 cm less)

All gaps between the window and the opening are filled with foam, and when it dries, they are isolated. The outer layer of insulation is designed to protect the insulation layer (which is the foam layer) from the penetration of moisture into it, as well as from the damaging effects of the sun.

So, the main part of the work is finished. However, for finishing the opening lacks slopes (which are both a decorative addition under which you can hide the mounting foam, and a functional element - increasing the thermal insulation and sound insulation of the window opening). Plastic slopes will give the window a finished look, besides, it the best combination with plastic windows.

Installation of plastic slopes

Plastic slopes are installed on the same day as the window for panel and block houses and on the second day for Stalin's houses.

As slopes, either a Belgian sandwich panel (in the image) or German VEKA plastic slopes with removable casings is used.

The differences between the various plastic slopes are not significant, but you should be aware of them.

The Belgian sandwich panel can be installed at dawn (not at right angles to the window), which visually enlarges the window opening. Choice plastic slopes VEKA is justified for more accurate wallpapering when already installed slopes. Thanks to the removable casing, the edges of the wallpaper will be neatly hidden under it.

Advice: if you have a repair in your apartment, then it is better to install the architraves on the slopes from the Belgian sandwich panel after wallpapering yourself - it will turn out neater and prettier).

Installing window accessories

At the final stage, a double-glazed window is installed in the window frame and the sashes are hung. Installation of additional accessories, fastening additional elements fittings and components, such as: stage ventilator, clamp, mosquito net, blinds, etc.

The window is ready. Upon completion of all work, an act of acceptance and delivery of work is signed. In it, if necessary, the customer indicates his comments on the work performed, if any.

Almost immediately after completing all the work, the PVC window can be used. The exception is windows with large opening sashes, which are not recommended to be opened within 24 hours after installing the PVC window.

Plastic window functionality is much better than the old ones wooden windows. If follow simple instructions for its care and operation, it will serve you forever.

Do not forget to remove the protective film from the outside of the PVC window!

According to GOST 30674 "Window blocks from PVC profile th":
The removal of the protective film from the front surfaces of the profiles should be carried out after the installation of the products and the finishing of the mounting opening, taking into account that the duration of exposure to sunlight on the protective film should not exceed ten days.

If repairs are still underway in the room where the windows were installed, the protective film may remain on the product until they are completed. However, from the outside, the film should not be exposed to sunlight for more than 10 days.

The adhesive base of the protective film loses its properties when exposed to heat and UV and can spoil the aesthetic appearance plastic profile.

General requirements for installation according to GOST

GOST 30971-2002 “Mounting seams for adjoining window blocks to wall openings. General specifications» was put into effect by the order of the Gosstroy of the Russian Federation from 01.03.2003.

Due to the need to correct project documentation for design and construction organizations, the transitional period for the development of GOST is set until 01.07.2003. The republics of Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova and Uzbekistan joined the Russian norms.

What's new? The new norms bring a significant formalization of window installation and require numerous documents. Among them, it should be noted the need for each installation company to have “Windows installation instructions” approved by local authorities, the need to develop window installation assemblies for each facility under construction and coordinate the assemblies with the customer, it is recommended to analyze thermal fields, and it is also provided for the execution of delivery certificates - acceptance window openings before installation, acts of carrying out hidden works and certificates of acceptance of the completed installation of windows.

Of particular interest in the norms are the Applications:

• Annex A (recommended) is drawings with examples of window installation;
• Annex B (recommended) puts forward requirements for fastening windows in openings;
• Annex B (mandatory) represents the actual requirements for the installation of windows as a whole and, in fact, is the main working document;
• Annex D (recommended) describes the requirements for the method for calculating thermal fields (analysis of isotherms).

Generally, Russian norms for installation bring us closer to the standards adopted in Europe, and in particular in Germany.

GOST requires window companies a large number formalities and has more requirements for testing joint designs and materials used for them.

Formalization is justified by the fight against Russian negligence.

Testing of materials and seams as a whole is justified by the fact that until now in Russia there were no detailed standards for installation at all, there is no accumulated scientific experience by defining properties mounting materials and seam quality. Of course, there is no need for the consumer to know all the provisions of this GOST, this is the responsibility of professionals.

Without delving into the subtleties, we can talk about three basic principles for installing windows, which you need to pay close attention to.

Three layers of seam seal

The content of the main part of the norms is devoted to the rules for filling the mounting gap between window blocks and openings according to the principle “tighter from the inside than from the outside”. Each mounting unit must have three layers of sealing: outside - protection from climatic influences, in the middle - insulation, inside - vapor barrier. Can be used different materials for the outer layers and different mounting foams, but, in one version or another, these three termination planes must be present.

outer layer It is designed to protect the insulation layer from the penetration of moisture into it, and must have vapor permeability so that there is ventilation of the insulation through it. That is, the outer layer must be waterproof and vapor-permeable.

These requirements are due to the fact that when moisture penetrates into the insulation, its thermal insulation qualities fall. In the best way, modern requirements for the outer layer correspond to PSUL (pre-compressed sealing tapes). These are special mounting tapes that are glued to the window frame before it is installed in the opening, and then, expanding, they fill all the gaps in the quarter in the opening.

With serious advantages: optimal building physics and technological simplicity, they also have disadvantages. It is convenient to use these tapes in new construction, when the opening has a good geometry. But when replacing windows in old houses, when the slopes are uneven, and even more so, plaster, their use is difficult. Another drawback is that plaster does not fall on PSUL.

In a limited form, it is possible to use silicone on the outside. In this case, certain rules should be observed: the thickness of the silicone layer should be half the width of the joint being filled, and the silicone should be glued only on both sides and work in tension, the rest of its sides should remain free.

Sealant can be used when insulating a mounting seam. Although, it is not clearly spelled out in GOST, but there is no ban on its use, no matter how much supporters would like mounting tapes. An example of the use of silicone outside and inside the room is shown on node A.14 in GOST 30971-2002. It is unacceptable, of course, as you can sometimes observe on objects, just anointing with silicone over the foam - this is an imitation of the protection of the seam, but not the protection itself.

Central layer- heat-insulating. Currently, polyurethane foams are used for its execution. It is best to use foams designed specifically for installing windows. Such foams evenly fill the seam and do not need to be trimmed after hardening. Other foams, after installation, hang in shreds from the side of the room, and they are cut off, breaking the protective outer crust.

The inner layer- vapor barrier. Its function is to protect the insulation (foam) from the penetration of moisture vapor into it from the side of the room. For these purposes, when plastering slopes, vapor barrier tapes are used, mainly based on butyl, as well as paint vapor barriers for moisture-resistant drywall. It is possible to use silicone according to the rules mentioned above.

No cold bridges

A mounting seam is a node where wall and window structures are docked, which have completely different properties, including in terms of heat engineering. And it is important to execute the nodes in such a way that there are no cold bridges on the window slopes.

Basically, the problem of cold bridges is the problem of single-layer wall structures that were used in houses of the past (solid brick, expanded clay concrete, etc.). In this case, the weak zone is the wall itself around the window frame due to its low resistance to heat transfer. An area with a surface temperature below the dew point appears on the slope. In this area, firstly, high heat losses occur, and secondly, condensate falls on it. If moisture condensation on the slope occurs frequently, then fungus (mold) may subsequently form in these places. The same applies to openings without quarters. In their absence, the danger of cold bridges seriously increases, and here one should carefully consider the heat engineering of the junction points.

An important recommendation - in the absence of quarters, use window frames with a minimum width of 130 mm. With a narrow window frame quality seal the seam is difficult and there is a high probability of cold bridges. The options given in GOST with false quarters from the corners or from the casing are possible only if exterior plaster, and still remain problematic from the point of view of heat engineering.

When present in the wall effective insulation (mineral wool or non-combustible polystyrene foam) the window should either be in the plane of the insulation, or behind a quarter of the insulation. In walls where aerated concrete is combined with outer cladding and quarters of brick, as a rule, cold bridges also do not occur due to the good thermal properties of aerated concrete.

Fastening the window block in the opening

The specificity of plastic windows is that they have significant thermal linear expansion. That is, when the windows are heated sunbeams the bars of the box and sashes increase in size. As calculated values ​​of thermal expansion for windows white color should be applied 1.5 mm per 1 running meter, for colored windows - 2.5 mm per 1 running meter (the difference in thermal expansion is due to the fact that white window profiles heat up much less than colored ones).

In accordance with this factor, the window is fastened to the wall. The corners of plastic windows must remain free, the outer fasteners are placed at a distance of 150 mm from the inner corners of the frames. The remaining fasteners are placed around the entire perimeter with a pitch for white profiles of no more than 70 cm, for colored profiles no more than 60 cm. Fasteners are also placed near imposts at a distance of 150 mm from the corner. The gap between the box and the wall must be at least 15 mm. This is due both to the thermal expansion of the windows and to the fact that it is very difficult to evenly fill a thinner seam with foam insulation.

Bearing pads are placed under the lower corners of the box and under the imposts. The blocks are also placed from the sides as follows: if you look at the window from the inside, then with one rotary sash, the blocks are placed on the opposite side of the hinges at the top and on the same side as the hinges below. With two wings, four blocks are placed, respectively.

Schematic diagrams of the junctions of window frames to the walls

1 - window sill;
2 - foam insulation;
3 – vapor barrier tape;
4 - flexible anchor plate;
5 - support block under the window sill;
6 - plaster mortar;
7 - dowel with a locking screw;
8 - an insert made of antiseptic lumber or a leveling layer of plaster mortar(recommended only for the lower node);
9 - waterproof vapor-permeable tape;
10 - noise-absorbing gasket;
11 - drain;
12 - insulating self-expanding vapor-permeable tape (PSUL);
13 - sealant with a thin layer

1 - foam insulation;
2 - insulating self-expanding vapor-permeable tape (PSUL) or vapor-permeable mastic;
3 - frame dowel;
4 - sealant;
5 - vapor barrier tape;
6 - panel for finishing the inner slope;
7 - plaster leveling layer of the inner slope.

Thermal gaps must be taken into account especially carefully when designing large-sized glazing elements: when making bay windows, shop windows, glazing for the entire floor height. These are the three basic principles when installing modern windows, although, of course, there are many nuances and subtleties that depend on various designs walls and from the materials used for sealing the seam. And - as we said at the beginning of the article - the human factor is very important - the responsible and high-quality work of the installers.

When can windows be installed?

With the entry into force of Moscow law No. 42 "On silence", disturbing the peace of neighbors is an administrative violation. Carefully read our noisy work instructions in order to comply with the requirements in force in Moscow and the Moscow region in various buildings.

How much does it cost to install windows according to GOST

The cost consists of two components: the cost of work (hours) and materials.

The mounting seam will comply with GOST for the installation of windows, when using both expensive and economical materials. The use of one or another will affect the phasing (duration) of work and the final cost of installing windows.

Video instruction for the installation of plastic windows

• Date: 08-04-2015
• Views: 179
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• Rating: 47

Modern plastic windows have a fairly large number of advantages. Their installation is able to provide reliable sealing and thermal protection. In order to save some Money on the installation of windows, you can install them yourself. The design is quite complex, but its installation does not require the use of any specific tools. To get a quality result, you will need to study the rules for installing plastic windows, which are contained in GOST 23166-99 and GOST 30971-02.

Figure 1. Measurements of a plastic window.

The procedure for installing plastic windows:

1. First of all, you need to measure the openings.
2. After that, the old windows are dismantled.
3. Openings are being prepared.
4. New windows are being installed.

Items that will be needed:

1. Building level.
2. Plumb.
3. Chisel.
4. Anker.
5. Foam.
6. Screws.
7. Perforator.
8. Primer.
9. Marker.
10. Documents that contain standards for the installation of plastic windows.

Necessary measurements: sequence of actions

Visually, the measurement process can be seen in Fig. one.

Installation standards say that the first step is to measure a rectangular window. The opening width is measured. To do this, you need to determine the distance between the extreme points of the opening. Next, the height of the window opening is measured. To do this, you need to determine the distance between the upper slope and the window sill. To the result it will be necessary to add the thickness of the window sill.

Measurements must be taken at least three places for each size, in extreme points and in the middle. Smooth openings can be found quite rarely. As a basis, you need to choose the smaller of the values ​​\u200b\u200bthat will be obtained.

Installation of PVC windows: double-glazed windows, slopes, ebb, fittings.

Using a plumb line with a medium pointed end, you need to check the curvilinearity of the opening along the vertical. Using a level, you need to check the horizontal distortions. If there are deviations, then they will need to be indicated on the sketch. The drawing of the frame is a rectangle, which is inscribed in the sketch of the opening according to the measurements made. Based on the sketch, it will be necessary to make adjustments to the dimensions of the frame.

Installation standards include measurements for all openings in the room. The width of these structures can vary significantly, but the height should be the same.

Next, the placement of the block of windows is determined. It is necessary to mount the structure 2/3 of the wall width from the inside. If you plan to perform wall cladding heat-insulating material on the outside of the house, windows can be installed a little further.

After that, the external ebb is measured. Most often, you only need to measure the length of the mounted ebb or add 50 mm to the bend to the width of the opening. The width of the tide is defined as the distance from the mounting plane to the outer part of the wall, the margin for the ledge (35-40 mm) and for the bend. If thermal insulation is performed, it is important to consider the thickness of the skin layer.

Next, the window sill is measured. The width of the structure is equal to the distance from the inside of the wall to the mounting plane and the dimension of the overhang. In this case, you will need to exclude the width of the window frame from the result. Departure must be calculated based on the fact that the window sill must cover heating battery a third of its size.

Slopes are measured after installing plastic windows, since it is quite difficult to determine the width of the structure.

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How to choose the design of plastic windows according to the method of fastening?

After the measurements of the structure are made, you can purchase windows. In the selection process, the type of structure fastening system must be taken into account. Mounting standards include the following mounting methods:

1. Mounting through the frame in the window installation plane.
2. Fixing with reinforcement, which is pre-fixed to the frame during manufacture.

We use the first method the most. Using this method you will need to completely remove the window structures from the deaf sashes.

The second method is recommended to be used if self-assembly plastic windows. In this case, it will be possible to eliminate the likelihood of damage to double-glazed windows and the tightness of the structure during disassembly and assembly. However, when installing the entire window block, the structure will weigh much more, so inserting the window yourself will be quite difficult.

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How to do preparatory work?

When the windows are ordered, the terms of production and delivery should be clarified. Before the arrival of the structure, it is not recommended to carry out any work.

First of all, you need to clear the place in front of the windows, and then set aside all the furniture. Gender and heating radiators it is recommended to cover with a special film.

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How to prepare a window profile?

If old windows are installed, they must be dismantled. To do this, you need to pry off the glazing bead with a chisel, with which the double-glazed window is fixed, after which it must be snapped out of the groove with weak blows. The first step is to remove the glazing beads, which are located vertically. After that, you need to dismantle the lower and upper. Beads are recommended to be marked. At modern production the dimensions of such devices may vary, so if they are mixed up, small gaps may appear.

The frame must be tilted so that the double-glazed window falls out of the grooves. After that, it must be set aside against the wall at a slight slope.

From the canopies of the hinged doors, you will need to remove the decorative plugs and unscrew the clamping bolts. If there is a fanlight system, it is necessary to release upper part sash and remove the hook from the lower canopy.

As a result, only a frame with imposts should remain. In the inside of the frame, it will be necessary to make holes for the mounting anchors. You need to make at least three attachment points on the sides and two on the ends. To make holes, it is necessary to use drills for metal, since inside the plastic structure there is a metal insert for strength. Windows will need to be fixed with anchors with a diameter of 9-10 mm. The drill must be of the appropriate size.

If the windows are attached by the ears, then it is not necessary to disassemble the structure. You only need to install the fasteners in the frame and secure them using screws.

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How to fill the profile with foam and prepare the opening: installation standards

To eliminate the possibility of cold bridges, it will be necessary to fill the entire space inside the profile with polyurethane foam at the place where the profile is attached to the frame. It is recommended to do this a day before installing the windows, so that the foam can fill the entire base and harden.

If you save old frame not necessarily, it is better to dismantle it. The sashes must be removed from the canopies or pulled out together with the fixing screws. The frame and window frame need to be filed in several places. With the help of a crowbar, it is necessary to pry off each part and remove it from the opening. In some cases, you must first remove the nails that hold the window frame.

The seal and insulation, which are located under the box, will also need to be dismantled. With the help of a perforator, it will be necessary to remove part of the slopes.

All rubbish must be bagged and taken out.

The ends of the openings must be leveled and cleaned of dust. The surface will need to be primed.

If windows are installed in an old wooden building, it is recommended to lay waterproofing material throughout the opening to prevent moisture from entering the foam layer. If there is a need to strengthen the structure, you can insert a wooden box.

Until 2003, the installation of PVC windows and balcony blocks was not regulated by the state. Window installation specialists were guided by the technology proposed by the manufacturers of these structures. Whether she was wrong or not, it is difficult to judge. But the number of complaints about freezing, blowing and leaking frames exceeded the permissible limits. In order to eliminate these problems, at the beginning of March 2003, GOST 3071-2002 was adopted, and it became mandatory to install windows according to GOST.

What is pvc window installation according to GOST

Entering the document regulating the installation window seams and connections, caused, in its time, a lot of controversy and disagreement. Companies specializing in window installation were unhappy with the upcoming purchase costs additional materials and an increase in labor costs.

The fact is that state standard approved several standards requiring the use of materials in the installation that were not previously used, or were used reluctantly. This entailed an increase in the cost of the work of performers and, accordingly, the consumer. Which, it was believed, could lead to a decrease in demand for window services.

But the worries were in vain. It was consumers who were the first to appreciate the benefits of GOST. Which is not surprising, since the document is fully focused on improving the operating conditions of window and balcony blocks. What are these improvements?

1. Installation of plastic windows according to GOST with vapor and waterproofing of gaps. The document gave a definition of the assembly seam, indicating the materials necessary for its construction. Now the correct seam should consist of three layers: outer, water-proof and vapor-permeable.
2. The recommended clearance parameters are indicated.
3. The requirements for surface preparation are determined.
4. Established acceptance rules.
5. Maximum allowable distances between fixing points are indicated. For a plastic profile, this is 70 mm.
6. A list of actions for testing the quality of structures is given.
7. The maximum service life of the materials used is indicated: at least 20 years.

Not overlooked and such an important element window construction like a low tide. According to GOST, now it is protected from below with a diffusion tape made of polyester. This provides a strong hold metal sheet to the wall and box. The presence of a tape on the lower plane of the ebb significantly reduces the noise from raindrops.

Application of regulations in practice

Since March 2003, the installers began to work in accordance with the accepted standards. But for a consumer who is unfamiliar with the intricacies of these works, the question inevitably arises: what does it mean to install a window according to GOST? Knowing the answers will help you track the correctness of the installation and make sure its quality. The first thing to be aware of is that all the seams of the window block should now consist of three parts.

1. Central - from mounting foam, which has high frost resistance and moisture resistance.
2. External - from a waterproofing tape.
3. Internal - from a vapor barrier tape.

The basic principle of installation can be explained as follows: inner part the seam should have low thermal conductivity, and the side protecting it should be vapor permeable. In this case, if moisture penetrates to the mounting foam, it will freely come out in the form of steam and will not harm the insulation layer (mounting foam).

Mounting Benefits

Advantages over conventional professional installation, several. But they are all so important that it is unwise to ignore them.

1. If all the standards of the State Standard are observed, freezing and leakage of seams are excluded. Hence, and window frames.
2. The possibility of formation of a fungus and a mold is excluded.
3. The insulating layer (mounting foam) is protected from moisture and will not collapse ahead of time. If installed incorrectly, with the absence of protective tapes, yellowing of the foam can be observed. Under the influence of moisture, its structure becomes loose and destruction processes begin. Such foam loses its thermal insulation properties with all the consequences: the windows begin to freeze, leak, and are no longer a reliable barrier to the wind.
4. The ebb is connected to the wall by a frame more hermetically, which provides an additional heat-insulating effect and increases the service life of the window unit.

There is another important advantage of complying with the requirements of the State Standard. If the consumer remains dissatisfied with the quality of installation and orders an independent examination service, the company that installed this window, at best, is threatened with reinstallation. And the worst - a lot of expenses.

Materials required when installing windows

Among the installers of plastic windows, GOST 3071-2012 was called "tape". This is due to the fact that, in accordance with the requirements of this document, it is necessary to protect the seams with “ribbons” - products that are narrow in width: vapor barrier, self-expanding and diffusion.

Materials for installing plastic windows according to GOST:

• tapes PSUL (self-expanding sealing);
• GPL (vapor barrier), made of butyl rubber or aluminum foil, for internal protection of seams;
• diffusion polyester for external protection.

PSUL tapes are self-expanding material and are sold in rolls. When installing, it is extremely important to choose the degree of increase in the volume of the tape. This indicator is always indicated on the packaging. So, for gaps 10 mm wide, you need to choose a tape with an expansion range of 30-40 units. The most popular brands of tapes are Profband, PSUL-EUROBAND, Liplent, Robiband.

Polyethylene tape GPL (hydro vapor barrier) is made on the basis of foamed rubber. On one side there is an adhesive base, in the middle - a vapor-permeable material, on the other side - a laminated base and inserts made of metallized material (foil). The purpose of these tapes is to reflect heat back into the room, and protect the mounting foam from moisture. Popular brands: TYTAN Professional, KLEBEBANDER, Sealant-Abris.

Diffusion tapes are placed under the ebb in order to protect the seam from moisture with outer side window. These materials are also made from butyl rubber, but adhesive base they have two: on each side. Therefore, the protective material is firmly glued to both the ebb and the opening. Popular brands: HAUSER, Robiband, Ultima, WS.

Installation technology according to GOST

Installation of plastic windows in accordance with GOST 30971-2012, step technology which is proposed, can be performed independently.

Step 1: Using a hard-bristled brush or paint brush sweep away dust and debris.

Step 2. The seams between the bricks are leveled with a moisture-resistant putty.

Step 3 Cover the putty with a layer of primer.

Step 4. Open the window block and remove the sash.

Step 5 At the bottom of the frame, the stand profile is removed.

Step 6. PSUL is glued at the junction of the frame and the stand profile.

Step 7. If a balcony block is installed, the docking profile is also removed from the outside of the frame. At the junction with the opening, PSUL tape is glued around the entire perimeter. If a window is installed, immediately glue the tape around its perimeter.

Step 8. Take a simple pencil and tape measure. Mark the attachment points on the PVC profile. In accordance with the requirements of the standard, the distance between these points should not exceed 70 cm. The hole should be 150-180 mm from the corner of the frame.

Step 9. Drill holes. The diameter of the drill must be less than the diameter of the bolt or self-tapping screw.

Step 10 Support pads are installed on the opening, which will be under the frame.

Step 11. Insert the frame and fix it with self-tapping screws.

Step 12. From the side of the street, the places of fastening of the PSUL are marked.

Step 13. Remove the frame and with a shift of 0.5 cm from the markup, glue the PSUL.

Step 14. Install on the frame starting profile for slopes.

Step 15 C inside paste over the frame with GPL tape.

Step 16. Install the frame, align. Drill holes in the wall for dowels and perform the final fixation.

Step 17 Install the sashes.

Step 18. Fill the seam with mounting foam.

Step 19 After 15-20 minutes, the GPL tape is leveled along the slopes.

Step 20. GPL is installed under the windowsill.

Step 21 Carry out the installation of the window sill.

Step 22 Diffusion tape is installed under the ebb.

Step 23. Fix the ebb.

Installing a window according to GOST according to GOST, the instructions for which are given above, is a simple task. If you comply with all the requirements of the State Standard, window openings will be reliably insulated and sealed.
P.S. And for dessert, I suggest watching a video clip: Installation of a window in accordance with GOST

Mounting according to the standard

Installation of plastic windows involves following the standards in accordance with GOST. Homeowners do not always prefer to install windows according to all the necessary rules and regulations.

Scheme of installation of a plastic window.

Experts strongly recommend that all residents adhere to these rules, especially those who have at their disposal office rooms, shops, various public institutions. Most buyers are sure that the quality and reliability of the entire structure depends on the profile. But besides this, assembly and, accordingly, installation play a key role. Sometimes the owners who hire specialists do not think about whether the installation will be carried out in accordance with GOST. The profile manufacturer always indicates that the assembly should be done in this way, but the master installers may not comply with these rules.

Scheme of installation of a plastic window.

Installation according to GOST is not mandatory. It's more of a recommendation. If home owners decide to install windows according to the requirements of the standard, it is necessary to invite qualified employees, preferably from a large construction company. An agreement is concluded with this company, which includes a certain clause, which indicates that the installation will be carried out exactly in accordance with GOST.

When buying, the seller must choose suitable profile, which will meet specific conditions. The design must be checked for optimal air exchange and heat transfer, for the level of sound insulation, dust penetration, etc. As a rule, well-known supplier companies have certificates that window structures have passed the necessary checks. Accordingly, it is better to purchase goods from them.

Basic requirements during the installation process

It is important to take into account the fact that most problems with plastic windows occur if the installation is not done correctly. Therefore, if you decide to install plastic windows, you should not save on the installation process. Today in Russia there is GOST 30971-2002. The following rules are for correct installation. First of all, GOST indicates the types of profiles, as well as examples and various options mount. During the installation process, it is important to follow certain rules: there must be no gaps, openings. This is necessary for insulation from the cold. Three seams are made in the places where the window is attached vertically and horizontally: inner, outer and middle. Moreover, in order to properly mount the window, you need to take into account the expansion of the plastic when heated.

Scheme of installing a window in an opening.

It must also be remembered that the choice should be guided by sanitary standards and tightness standards. This will directly affect the optimal temperature regime and humidity level. In order to find out such standards, it is necessary to consider the requirements of SanPin 21.2.1002-00, which spell out the norms for ventilation and heating in a residential area. If you do not follow these rules, there may be a risk of infection with fungus or mold, this may occur due to excessive levels of humidity.

It should be noted that installation in accordance with GOST is a guarantee of your safety and the favorable functioning of the window structure. In addition, installation according to the required standards provides a favorable microclimate in the house.

When mounting, the seams must be arranged in 3 levels. The first is able to protect the room from the penetration of precipitation, water. The second (inner) level must protect against the penetration of vapors. The third level is done using construction foam. The standards also specify the types of walls, which also needs to be taken into account. All installation rules must be known. It is convenient to be guided by them both during the purchase and during the installation process. Once again, it is worth repeating that you should buy only high-quality, certified products. Seller in without fail must provide you with documents, where all are registered technical features products.

Installation requirements

The quality certificate must be awarded not only to the company that sells windows, but also to the one responsible for the installation. It is important that qualified specialists undertake the installation of the structure. The emergence and implementation of a certification system will bring business to high level. Today, the buyer makes increased demands on the quality of structures and service in general.

All must be done prior to installation. necessary measurements by comparing them. It is important to know what loads the structure can withstand, the wind load is determined. It is concluded from this whether additional installation frames with metal plates. Some windows may let air through. In this case, frames are installed to normalize thermal insulation.

Window installation diagram.

It is important to carefully prepare the room before installation. It is necessary to remove all extraneous things in advance. Furniture is recommended to be covered with a wide cloth or film. Appliances the room must be isolated from dust. First, the sashes are pulled out and the frame is carefully removed. The opening must be free from unnecessary details, all slopes are checked using a level.

After the structure is delivered, it is necessary to separate the frame and double-glazed windows. The frame is inserted into the opening using special wedges. Then you should mark the frame and determine how it will be located in the opening. After the frame is fixed. To do this, use anchor bolts and screws. The double-glazed window is fixed with glazing beads. In order to correctly make all measurements, you will need a laser ruler. It is important that the entire structure is firmly fixed. There are certain rules for this, for example, the distance between the fastener points should be about 70 cm. The distance to the fastener from inner corner should be a maximum of 15 cm.

The structures of the walls are different. The choice of fasteners depends on the characteristics of the wall. Basically, fastenings are made using anchor bolts, anchor plates and self-tapping screws. The most practical way is to use anchor plates. It is important to correctly install the slopes that cover the opening between the profile and the wall. For installation, remove the remnants of the plaster from the old window, smooth out the bumps with putty.

Tools

• a hammer;
• perforator;
• crowbar for pulling out old nails;
• building level;
• mounting foam and a construction gun to work with it.

The installation of plastic windows should be carried out only by experienced specialists, it is advisable to carry out the installation, following all the requirements and rules of GOST. Companies that install plastic windows have quality control departments that you can contact if you have problems with installation.

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