Light in the interior of the apartment. Ten modern trends in interior lighting. Comfortable dining room lighting

No matter how good the renovation done in a house or apartment is, without proper lighting it won't look right.

Local lighting, in turn, is divided into:

• A worker that focuses on a specific area and is intended to perform any specific tasks in it - cooking, reading, working at a desk.
• Spot, which is designed to draw attention to certain accessories, details of room furnishings, objects of art. Spot lighting often used for decoration local area– for illuminating fountains, trees, flower beds and even the facade of a house.

is not only to shine only when it is dark, but also that it is able to change our perception of space, changing the proportions of rooms, hiding some flaws in the interior, dividing the room into functional areas.

By coloring light in different colors, you can influence the human psyche, changing his mood. For example, green light has calming properties. Light blue and blue are also calming, but make the surrounding objects look unpleasant, so they should not be used to illuminate the kitchen or bathroom. Light red shades lift your mood and promote concentration, but dark red light causes anxiety.

At the moment, there are many different sources of artificial light, which can be divided into the following groups:

• Regular incandescent lamps. As it turned out, they are still the most comfortable for the human eye, but only 10% of their power is spent on lighting, the remaining 90% is converted into thermal energy.
• Halogen lamps are more often used for zone illumination, as they emit a directed beam of light.
• Fluorescent lamps practically do not heat the room, but are rarely used for residential purposes, as they emit a fairly well-audible hum. They are more economical than incandescent lamps.
• practically do not heat up at all. Their advantages include the fact that they do not emit ultraviolet or infrared rays. They are tens of times more durable than conventional lamps, but their light output is lower. Therefore, they are used for night lighting or decorative lighting.

To the very modern species artificial lighting This includes fiber optic systems and duralight light cords. LEDs are used to create light cords. Usually they are not used as main lighting, but are used only for decorative lighting. Moreover, they can be used not only inside the house, but also

An optical fiber can only emit light from its end cuts. Usually this type of lighting is used together, which allows you to create different lighting effects.

How to choose the required number of lamps

In order to create a comfortable level of lighting in the house, it is necessary to correctly select the power of the lamps and their number.

There is a simple way to determine the number of devices: for every 5 sq. m of room should have 60 - 75 kW of power lighting fixtures(one or several in total). Knowing the area of ​​the room and the power of the selected devices, it is easy to select their number.

If you resort to the help of specialists in solving this issue, they will amount to detailed diagram, where all possible connection options for each lighting device, as well as groups of devices, will be taken into account. You will also receive recommendations for installing monitoring and control devices for lighting devices.

Effects that can be achieved with light

With the help of light you can solve many indoor problems. There are several ways to change a room using purely lighting effects:

1. 
   If the room seems narrow, then it can be visually “expanded” using the built-in light. To do this, lamps are placed under the ceiling along the perimeter of the room, directing the light flux down along the walls. At the same time, the surfaces of the walls visually “move apart”. To do this, use lamps with a neutral or cold light spectrum.
   If the room seems short, then it can be visually “lengthened” by using cold spectrum lamps on one of the walls. Conversely, you can “shorten” a room by illuminating the farthest wall with warm light sources.
   If the room has a low ceiling, then it can be “raised” by installing stained glass windows on the ceiling, behind which halogen or fluorescent lamps should be located. This is the illusion of daylight falling through a high ceiling. This technique is often used in cramped and dark rooms without windows, such as a bathroom, hallway, or kitchen. To create such a ceiling, you can use a wide variety of glass: transparent, milky, corrugated, colored.

• Lighting based on the play of shadows.
  To create this effect, a variety of room decor elements are used that have a complex, intricate shape. It could be a tree root of a complex shape, or a bouquet of dried flowers. By illuminating them with directional light, you can fill the room with intricate shadows.
  Often, to create the desired effect, they are equipped with a function for adjusting the light intensity. By changing the intensity different times day you can create unusual lighting effects.

• Lighting is used to decorate various niches, wardrobes, and work surfaces.
  A very unusual effect is produced by lighting placed behind translucent glass cabinet doors. It can be built in from the sides, bottom or top. Thus, the cabinet turns into a kind of lamp, illuminating the room with unusual diffused light.
  Lighting is also used for architectural illumination of niches and their contents, beautiful stucco moldings and other room design elements.

Sometimes, with the help of lighting, attention is focused on individual paintings, vases, and sculptures. This allows you to almost completely hide the background and focus your gaze on the main detail of the room.

It must be remembered that the hidden is directed only at surfaces that do not have flaws, since all defects will be clearly visible.

Few people are lucky enough to have a window in their hallway. Usually this is a completely dark room, illuminated by light coming from neighboring rooms and lamps.

The role of the hallway seems to be completely utilitarian - to serve as a place to store shoes outerwear, allowing their owners to dress and preen before going out. But, nevertheless, it depends on the prevailing situation in it. general impression about the apartment. And if it’s just a dark corner, then no amount of splendor in the rooms can compensate for the discomfort that reigns there. Therefore, the lighting of the hallway should be given the same attention as the lighting of all other rooms.

Since the hallway almost always has a large mirror in which we look at ourselves before going outside, the lighting needs to be organized so that the space is illuminated evenly and no deep shadows arise. To do this, it is best to use diffused light, which is provided by a good diffuser. A good option would be a large lampshade, shaped like a plate, located as close as possible to the ceiling.

If the apartment is small and it seems that the ceiling in the dark corridor is “pressing”, then for lighting you can use lamps placed behind the decorative cornice, aimed at the ceiling. This will visually “raise” it.

There is a layout in which the corridor is made very long, but narrow, which does not decorate it at all. In such a situation, you can place several lamps along one wall. Moreover, this should be a wall with a maximum length. The light needs to be directed to another wall. This option covers the entire hallway and at the same time visually expands it.

A large mirror can be additionally illuminated using small local lamps. The lighting will be most successful if you place them in the upper half of the mirror - on top and on the sides.

All family members spend a lot of time in the kitchen, so it is very important to organize proper lighting. This is also important because the housewife spends a lot of time cooking here.

If the kitchen is small, then it is not necessary to hang a central ceiling lamp; it is quite enough to illuminate the eating area and work surfaces.
If the kitchen is large enough, then you simply cannot do without a central light. It is better to organize it using a ceiling lamp with a good diffuser. with warm light.

To additionally illuminate the dining area located near the wall, you can use a wall sconce with a matte shade, located so that the faces of diners and the table are illuminated evenly.

If the room allows you to install the dining table in the center, then the option with a chandelier on an adjustable suspension will be very successful. This will allow, depending on the circumstances, to place the lampshade either higher or lower, emphasizing the solemnity of the moment or creating an intimate atmosphere. If you really want to hang a colored lamp in the kitchen, then do not use green and blue tones– they give an unpleasant tint to both people’s faces and dishes.

Work surfaces where basic food preparation operations are carried out should be additionally illuminated. In this case, do not use directional light, as this creates deep shadows that reduce the comfort of work. The most successful placement of lamps is considered to be the protruding parts of hanging kitchen cabinets. The only condition is that they should not interfere with the opening of the doors.
If there are no wall cabinets, then you can install pendant elongated lamps or mount spotlights on the ceiling.

In many ways, the rules here are similar to hallway lighting. For example, mirror illumination is carried out according to the same principle - from above and from the sides. If the mirror is not too large, then to illuminate it you can use a single wall sconce, equipped with a matte shade and a flexible leg that allows you to adjust the light as needed.

We are not talking about the central lamp here. Usually placed on the ceiling. It would be good if they were devices with an adjustable rotation angle.

The main requirement for bathroom lighting is safety. It is necessary to equip the room with lighting fixtures that are protected from moisture.

Sometimes the following set of lamps is used for lighting: one large moisture-proof lampshade (usually located on the wall) and a set of spotlights for individual areas.

As for the spectrum of lamps, it should be as natural and warm as possible. Do not install halogen lamps or fluorescent lamps in the bathroom. They give the environment a hospital feel.

How to organize living room lighting

Regardless of the number of rooms in a house or apartment, the living room is the most functionally loaded room.

Here they relax after work, spend family holidays, and receive guests. Moreover, it usually has several functional zones, each separately.

IN lately designers suggest clients refuse general lighting living room. This lighting scheme is called “American” and involves local lighting of each zone. This allows you to save on lighting, while each family member gets their own corner. But, unfortunately, with psychological point vision, this leads to separation of family members from each other. Therefore, it is still recommended to use a “European” lighting scheme, which must have a central lamp.

If you do not own an apartment with high ceilings, then you should not use massive devices with bright shades as a chandelier. It is better if the chandelier is close to the surface of the ceiling, and the lampshades provide diffused soft light. You can also use those aimed at the ceiling, this will visually increase the height of the room.

For each functional area of ​​the living room, you need to use lamps located at different heights. If there are chairs in the reading area, then it can be illuminated with floor lamps, wall or spotlights.
You can use a backlight for your home theater screen to avoid eye fatigue.
If there are objects in the living room that you need, then you can use decorative lighting. This is where you can use colored lighting to create a festive mood.

When using many light sources in one room, you must remember that they should all be in stylistic unity, and not represent a collection of random things. To do this, you need to purchase chandeliers, sconces and floor lamps from one set, which are guaranteed to be combined with each other.

Given that this is a relaxation room, the lighting here should create an appropriate environment that promotes relaxation. Therefore, it should be soft, without direct streams of light.

If you need to illuminate the bedside tables, it is better to do this with table lamps or wall sconces. Choose spherical lamps with matte shades or fabric lampshades. They will allow you to calmly go about your business without disturbing your spouse, who is already resting.

In bedrooms, you can also use a central chandelier, but it is better if these are spotlights hidden behind decorative panels located around the perimeter of the bedroom.

In the bedroom you can use colored lighting, which will allow you to relax and restore peace of mind. Green and golden tones are very good for this.

Light in the nursery

Based on the fact that almost a child’s entire life is spent here, it is necessary to think through the lighting so that it allows children to play, do homework, and read comfortably.

The child must be chosen for safety reasons. It would be better if these were plastic shades that completely covered the lamps, which during active games may be broken.

For the same reasons, it is advisable not to install floor lamps in the children's room that could fall. If children love outdoor games with a ball, then for general lighting you can use spotlights located behind the false panels located around the perimeter of the room.

To illuminate a child's desk, it is better to use lamps with cool light that stimulate mental activity.

If kids are afraid to sleep in the dark, then you need to install a night light in the room. It is better if it is a device with adjustable lighting brightness, providing diffused light. Do not point it at your child's face, as this may cause discomfort during sleep.

Office lighting

If your living space allows you to equip a separate office for work, or if you are a remote employee, then you need to create a working atmosphere in it. Usually in any office there is a table. In order to do the work behind it, you need to eliminate the occurrence of sharp contrasts that tire your eyesight. Therefore, the table must be fully illuminated.

If the table is of impressive size, then for high-quality lighting it is better to use two table lamps with diffused light. This will create uniform illumination of the entire surface and will help preserve vision. Lamps with conical shades are very suitable for this.

To perform individual tasks, it would be nice to also have a directional light lamp, but you should not use it constantly.
The brightness of lighting devices should correspond to daylight, this stimulates brain activity and improves performance.

It’s not bad if a spacious office has a central lamp and or several spotlights. This will reduce the contrast between the illuminated area of ​​the table and the steely dark space of the room. The table on which the computer monitor stands should be positioned perpendicular to the window. This will eliminate glare that tires the eyes and makes the image blurry.

In the area intended for reading, it is worth placing a floor lamp with a fabric lampshade for the eyes.

Lighting, its level, color and brightness greatly influence human life and activity, so it is necessary to pay sufficient attention to this issue. Lighting can easily ruin your mood for the whole day, or bring a person into a peaceful state.

In every home, the thing that unites absolutely all rooms, but does not equalize each other, is lighting. Without lighting fixtures modern world can no longer be done, because we do a lot of things around the house in the evening, when natural light is out of the question.

With the help of light sources you can create any atmosphere in your home: from festive to romantic. And in this matter, there are certain subtleties in the design of lighting for each room in the apartment. You will learn about this and much more from our article.

Design options

Room lighting option

With the help of light, you can change the accents of any room in the apartment beyond recognition. In this case, various approaches can be used and design solutions. For example, modern lighting in the home is increasingly aimed at illuminating a specific area of ​​the room. This method is actively used today for zoning rooms.
In a modern apartment, lighting design and lighting can be arranged in four options:

• general or background lighting. In this situation, the central lamp, for example, a chandelier, acts as a lighting device. Here the light turns out to be diffused;
• local or local lighting. This lighting method allows you to create additional lighting for a specific area. The object of lighting in this situation is interior items;
• work lighting. With this backlight you can illuminate workplace. A special feature of such lighting devices is their bright, directional light. The object of orientation here will be the human eye. This approach can most often be found in the kitchen;
• decorative lighting. Used as local illumination decorative elements interior (vases, sculptures, niches, etc.).

To create lighting in your home, you can use the following types of lighting fixtures:

• chandelier. Always acts as a central light source. In a modern apartment, this lamp is increasingly being abandoned;
• spotlights. It is they who have recently been replacing chandeliers. They can play the role of both main lighting and additional lighting. Very often used in combination with LED strips;
• led strip. An excellent light source for creating hidden lighting. It is especially common in stretch and plasterboard ceilings.

Ceiling lighting

In addition, neon lamps, duralight, etc. can act as lighting devices. But these lamps are much less common at home than the types described above.
In one room you can use either one of the lighting options or a combination of several options. It all depends on what purpose each has. specific room in the house, and what you most often do in it.

Illumination standards

Not everyone knows that for each separate room The apartment has its own lighting standards. Your comfortable stay at home will depend on how correctly the lighting standards are implemented.
In the standards given in regulatory documents on lighting (SNiP), the following parameters are taken as the basis for calculations:

• luminous flux power;
• number of lamps in the room;
• area of ​​the illuminated room.

Illumination standards table

It is on the basis of these criteria that the lighting standards for each room in the apartment, indicated in the table above, are calculated.

Pay attention! Experts on this issue have concluded general rule on organizing the level of light flux in the apartment. According to this rule, lighting fixtures with a total power of 60-75 kW should be used for every 5 m2.

Using this simple formula, you can independently calculate the required level of illumination for each room in the apartment.
In addition, there are some recommendations that can simplify these calculations:

• For studio apartment, which has an area of ​​30-40 m2, you need to use no more than 8 lighting fixtures;
• for a two-room apartment this figure should be increased to 9 lamps;
• in three- and four-room apartments, as many as 11 lighting fixtures should be installed.

Light sources

Lighting in a modern apartment can be provided by various types of light bulbs that act as a light source. Currently in use the following types lamps:

• incandescent lamps;
• fluorescent lamps;
• Duralight light cords;
• LEDs;
• metal halide and halogen light bulbs;
• optical fibers.

Types of light bulbs

Each of the above light source options has its own advantages and disadvantages. For example, incandescent lamps have become increasingly rare in modern homes. This is explained by the popularity of rationalization and saving trends in many areas of human activity, and their electricity consumption remains at a fairly high level, in contrast to more modern light sources. Therefore, even despite positive characteristics luminous flux, incandescent lamps are gradually becoming a thing of the past.
The most popular options for decorating lighting in an apartment are energy-saving lamps. Of these, it is worth highlighting LED and fluorescent options. They often take up space in modern lighting fixtures.
Fluorescent light bulbs are inferior to their LED counterparts in some respects. Their loss is based on the following negative points:

LED lamp

• create a hum during operation;
• the emitted light has a bluish glow, and it is not very comfortable for the human eye;
• the need to use additional devices for connection;
• the presence of a flickering effect;
• certain harm to human health.

All these disadvantages are almost completely absent in LED light bulbs.

Such light sources are recognized as the most energy efficient lamps with a long service life at permanent job. In addition, they study light of different spectrums, which simplifies their selection for specific room in the apartment. The LED lamp is great for creating general, local and task lighting.
In turn, metal halide and halogen light sources, due to the creation of a narrowly directed beam of light, modern apartments ah are used as zoned or decorative lighting. Duralight is also more suitable for decorative lighting of any room in the house.

Design rules

The design used in modern houses and apartments today is aimed at a certain degree of sophistication. Moreover, any element of the interior acquires pretentiousness and volume when supplemented with lighting. In the modern world, lighting has ceased to play a purely practical and functional role, but has entered the interior and become an integral part of it.

Interior and lighting

The backlight in this case acts as effective tool correction of unsuccessful room geometry, as well as visual movement of aspects to more advantageous interior elements.
When using any light sources in a design plan, you must remember the following nuances:

• bright light can visually expand the space available in the room. Thus, with just a couple of lamps you can expand the space even in a small room, without resorting to minimizing the furniture;
• You can increase the effect of expanding space by using reflective materials when decorating walls and ceilings;
• if there is a need to visually reduce the space, then it should be darkened using less bright light sources and dark color ranges in finishing;
• a visual increase in the height of the walls will occur when the light is directed upward using a reflector;
• a visual reduction in the height of the walls can be achieved by using floor lampshades, which create local shadows in the room.

But remember that the main aspect that will allow you to create a complete ensemble of furniture, lighting and decoration in any room of a house or apartment is harmonious combination all parts of the composition.

Harmony in everything

Indeed, when decorating the interior of your home, remember that everything should complement each other and flow into one another. In order not to cause disharmony, for each room it is necessary to choose one design style or combine complementary interiors. And a meeting in this situation can serve as the element that will unite all objects and finishing styles into a single whole.

Harmonious combination

Separately, it is worth adding that all of the above nuances of designing the light level for each specific premises must definitely be taken into account. Only minor deviations from the norms, up or down, are allowed. If you deviate too far from accepted norms, then even in a beautifully decorated interior it will be uncomfortable and unpleasant to stay for a long time.
You can slightly increase the number of light bulbs and lighting fixtures in those rooms that are visited most often. But where you visit least often, you can install fewer light bulbs and fixtures. This way you can save more without compromising your comfort.

Conclusion

From all of the above, we can conclude that the approach to decorating the interior of a house should be thoughtful in all areas. Modern lighting in an apartment should create comfortable conditions for rest and work, as well as pleasant time with the family. With just a couple of lamps you can visually change the perception of space in a room, making it deeper and more expressive. But everything must remain within limits existing standards by illumination.

Making an original bio-fireplace on your own

Light zoning has long been used in the design of residential and work spaces, because the right combination of natural and artificial light can transform any space. Lighting in an apartment requires careful preparation and adherence to certain design rules. A well-chosen scheme can visually increase the area of ​​the room and hide design errors, while an unsuccessful one will only aggravate the shortcomings of the interior. In this article we will look at how to choose light sources for different rooms, and also analyze current trends in this direction.

How to properly organize lighting?

Lighting planning is an integral part of renovation work. TO this process it is necessary to start at the design stage. The organization of light in an apartment should begin with dividing the room into several thematic zones. In the classic version, lighting is divided into two types: general (basic) and local.

Local lighting is intended to highlight specific interior elements or corners of the apartment, while general lighting plays the role of key element artificial light.

In turn, local illumination is of the following types: working and spot. Most rooms have a so-called work area (kitchen table, office, children's play corner). To ensure sufficient illumination, large chandeliers, floor lamps and sconces are used.

Spot light supply is most often used as an additional element; it performs a purely decorative function.

A distinctive feature of artificial light is the ability to use it at any time of the day or night. By changing the color of the light zoning, you can instantly change the proportions of the room and divide the room into functional zones.

It is also worth noting that the shade of light greatly affects the human perception of reality. Let's give an example: green calms, and yellow lifts the mood. Thus, when choosing a lighting scheme in an apartment, it is necessary to take into account the functionality, safety and aesthetics of the design.

Power standards and number of lamps

To achieve the most efficient and comfortable lighting in the interior of an apartment, you should consider common standards power and number of lamps in the illuminated area. Thus, experts advise placing devices with a power of about 70 kW for every five square meters of the room. This indicator may vary depending on the specifics of the room. Moreover, we are talking only about central lighting; it can be supplemented with various kinds of decorative or point light sources.

Having studied the basic requirements for lighting in residential premises, you can independently calculate required quantity lamps for the apartment. You also have the right to use all kinds of design tips. Most often, they consider the organization of electric lighting in studio apartments.

For one-room housing with an area of ​​30 square meters, you need about eight lamps (one central chandelier, task lighting, three spotlights, a floor lamp and several sconces).

Example of lighting in a one-room apartment

How to check the quality of light?

When purchasing a chandelier or any other lighting fixture, you first need to find out what kind of lamp is used in the installation. The most common option is an incandescent lamp - it gives a bright, uniform glow. However, the disadvantage of this type of device is the rapid consumption of electricity.

Today, most lighting companies are switching to energy-saving lamps. Their cost is slightly higher, but reliability and low electrical costs worry buyers no less than the price.

There is one simple way to check the quality of light in a chandelier; for this you will need a mobile phone. Hold the device close to the light fixture and turn on the camera, watching the moving light bars on the screen. If you notice significant flickering and numerous streaks, know that the quality of the light leaves much to be desired. In this case, it is better to immediately replace the product, because over time you and your family members may begin to have vision problems.

Color temperature

As already mentioned, the color temperature of the lamps plays an important role in light zoning. There are three colors: warm white (up to 3300 K), standard white (up to 5000 K) and cool white (from 5000 K). In accordance with European standards, it is customary to use warm white light in living rooms, but in secondary rooms, such as the hallway, it is recommended to use classic white.

Light sources

Today, a variety of light bulbs, all kinds of chandeliers, sconces and floor lamps are used to illuminate apartments. Specialized stores in Moscow and other large Russian cities offer a wide selection of similar products for every taste and budget.

The following are used as a direct light source:

• incandescent lamps;
• LED devices;
• fluorescent lamps;
• optical fiber;
• metal halide light bulbs;
• halogen bulbs.

All of the above types have both advantages and disadvantages of use. Let's take a simple example: previously popular incandescent lamps do not correspond to modern trends, since they consume a large amount of electricity and the quality of light is very low.

Natural light

The best decoration for a wooden country house, or even an ordinary apartment, is natural lighting. It not only does not harm vision and has a positive effect on people’s well-being, but also looks impressive in any interior. To fully enjoy living light, private houses have full-wall windows; it looks simply amazing. However, this effect is very difficult to achieve in a one-room or two-room apartment.

Artificial lighting

There are many options for lighting in an apartment, but not everyone suits the chosen style of the room. It is worth remembering that artificial light involves not only the installation of expensive lamps. This process should be approached responsibly, because the health of a person’s eyes and nervous system depends on the final result.

To create a functional light zoning system for an apartment, you need to familiarize yourself with the installation capabilities of the devices in advance. The photo below shows universal option living room design using different types of lamps.

On video: what you need to consider when designing lighting.

Types of lighting

There are four types of artificial light: general, local, combined and emergency. The latter type is not often found in residential premises, but it is indispensable in rooms where turning off the lights threatens serious injuries. Next, we will consider all types of lighting in apartments in more detail.

General or basic lighting involves uniform (directional) dispersion of light across the entire area of ​​the room. Most often this type is used in living rooms and kitchens. Due to the same distance between the lamps, an optimal level of illumination is achieved. Another option for such light zoning is a single light source localized at one point. As an example, there is a large chandelier located in the center.

Local lighting in the apartment is used to attract attention to certain parts of the room. Thus, the light source is located directly next to the illuminated piece of furniture (on the desktop, in the sleeping area or in the kitchen). As the designers note, it is this type of light zoning that brings completeness and integrity of perception to the interior space.

Separately, general and local lighting have certain functional disadvantages. This is why it was developed combined scheme light zoning.

Since then, when European-quality renovations began to be carried out everywhere in Russian apartments, spotlights have appeared on ceilings, walls and decorative objects. Such built-in lighting fixtures are becoming more and more popular over time. Now you won't surprise anyone multi-level ceiling with halogen bulbs.

It is worth noting that there are two types of spotlights - fixed and rotating. The latter are very convenient to use, and if desired, you can change the direction of the light yourself.

When choosing such devices, pay attention to the beam width. Let's give an example: 40-50 degrees is great for highlighting large objects, and halogens with a beam of 10-20 degrees are suitable for minor decorative elements.

Neon lighting is a special type of artificial light, which is a gas-discharge lamp in the shape of a tube (neon is contained inside at low pressure). The “native” shade is bright orange, but the color of the backlight may change depending on what inert gases are added to the composition.

A neon lamp will help bring color to the interior of your apartment. The photo below shows the lighting design in the apartment in pink and purple tones.

LED strips

Recently, various LED devices have begun to be used for decorative lighting of rooms. The most popular is LED strip. This is a flexible board covered with LEDs. Bright neon colors, unusual appearance and low price– all this makes this light source an excellent addition to the exterior lighting of a wooden house.

At interior design In rooms, such lighting can be used both on the ceiling, walls, and on small built-in structures. For greater effect, you can arrange the feed in the form of graphics, thereby creating a unique atmosphere.

LED duralight

For additional illumination of individual parts of the room, various LEDs are used, as well as a new product on the market, “duralight”. This functional device is a flexible cord made of elastic plastic. A continuous garland of LED light bulbs is pressed into the base.

Flexible neon

It is also a flexible tube, inside of which a lighting circuit is fixed. This is nothing more than an electroluminescent wire. Outwardly, it is really no different from a regular wire - it is just as flexible, it can even be tied into a knot.

Unlike LED strips, flexible neon glows from all sides, it is safe and even waterproof, and has a wide range of applications.

Lamp placement options

The main rule of design is that bright light increases the space. It follows from this that the finishing of the ceiling and walls should be done using all kinds of reflective materials. Lamps directed upward visually make the ceiling higher. And to darken part of the room, you just need to correctly distribute the light sources around the room.

New ideas in lighting design state that universal electric lighting at home should combine general and local (spot) lighting. This is guaranteed by the so-called multi-level zoning.

Doesn't exist strict rules organizing electric lighting in apartments, but there are certain tips that should be followed when planning the interior yourself.

Living room (hall)

The main source of light in the room is central lighting; this can be a luxurious chandelier or a series of spotlights laid out around the perimeter of the room. For classic interiors The first option is suitable, and when arranging modern apartments, you should first of all focus on the preferences and financial capabilities of the residents.

For a living room (hall) in a high-tech style, neon lamps, LEDs, and even a light floor are suitable.

Bedroom

As in other living spaces, it is best to use combined lighting in the bedroom. A chandelier and several floor lamps are suitable as base light, and spotlights along the perimeter of the ceiling will only complement the overall picture. You can also transform your bedroom with the help of local lighting fixtures - they are very inexpensive, and the range of their purposes is very diverse.

Children's

The child spends most of his time in his room. This is the reason for the large number of requirements for lighting design children's room It is necessary to choose lighting fixtures of suitable power and shade, because the mood and psychological health of the baby depend on proper planning. Particular attention should be paid to decorative lighting in a children's room. The photo below shows options for light zoning for children's rooms.

Kitchen

The kitchen is characterized by multi-level lighting. It involves a visual division of the room into functional areas: dining room, workplace and relaxation area. In the kitchen, it is necessary to provide the ability to regulate the brightness of the light - this is especially important for the dark time of day.

In the kitchen, the selected type of lighting can work independently of other lighting elements. Even if the room only has central lighting, make sure that it can be turned on in parts.

Hallway

There is absolutely no natural light in the hallway and corridor, so the room needs a large number of built-in lamps. There are no special requirements for organizing light in the corridor; everything depends only on the tastes of the residents.

Bathroom

There is no natural light in the bathroom (no windows), due to which the role of artificial light increases significantly. The use of local high-power appliances is unacceptable for the bathroom. The backlight should be sufficient, but not too bright. When choosing bath fixtures, you need to consider high humidity premises.

Light zoning in a studio apartment

Most often, light zoning is used specifically in studio apartments, since in such rooms there is a problem of lack of free space. Dividing the apartment into thematic zones allows you to visually increase the area of ​​the room and give the home a logical completeness.

In such conditions, you can experiment with lighting devices - use local devices, large chandeliers, and decorative elements.

Ceiling lighting

Modern lighting design ideas give a special role to ceiling lighting. In most cases, the choice of lighting fixtures evokes positive emotions, but placing purchased light bulbs and hiding them (when creating hidden lighting with your own hands) is not always easy. Before starting the installation of spots, it is recommended to identify three main light sources in the interior (local, local and decorative).

For low ceilings

If the ceiling in the apartment is quite low, then there can be no talk of any tension or even suspended structures. Hanging chandeliers and massive lamps are not suitable. Recessed spotlights cannot be built in here, but overhead versions can be installed. Flat-shaped ceiling chandeliers, track lighting systems and LED panels will fit harmoniously.

Hidden ceiling lighting

You can build two types of hidden lighting with your own hands: using a niche made of plasterboard and with a cornice made of polystyrene foam. And the combination plasterboard box And stretch ceiling with hidden backlight perfectly hides minor errors that occur when self-construction ceiling.

Multi-level lighting

For comfortable stay You can’t do without proper lighting of the room. For more than ten years now, all designers have been leaning in their work towards a multi-level light system in apartments. Such light zoning represents the optimal division of space into several functional zones.

It is customary to distinguish four main levels:

• upper (spots, sconces and chandeliers);
• medium (lamps, floor lamps);
• bottom (local illumination);
• internal (used to highlight dressing rooms and closets).

Multi-level zoning of rooms using light does not require special skills and knowledge. If you wish, you can radically transform the appearance of your living room or children's room with your own hands. To do this, you will need a little imagination and a set of lighting fixtures with different functionality. A competent combination of chandeliers, spots on the walls and floor will bring comfort and tranquility to your home.

In the video: multi-level lighting in the apartment.

Decorative lighting

An inexpensive LED strip is most suitable for decorative lighting. TO positive traits This product is easy to use, easy and quick to install. If the interior of the room is made in classic style(With wooden furniture, pastel shades walls and tapestry), then LEDs are replaced by local lamps and special luminous elements for decoration.

Distinctive feature Decorative lighting is specific to its use. It is used when it is necessary to hide lamps and make the light more subdued.

Neon lighting in the apartment

Such decorative lighting can be arranged using various LED and LED devices. Most often they are installed in suspended ceiling, in plasterboard niches. Flexible tubes or cords that glow with neon are often used.

Glass blocks in the interior of an apartment with lighting

Glass blocks are hollow cubes with glass walls about one centimeter thick. In Soviet times, such decorative elements were often used; they could be seen in the interior of bathhouses, hospitals, landings. Today, glass blocks have been improved - they are equipped with decorative lighting.

Floor lighting

Floor lighting is another solution with which you can give the room an unusual look. Various devices are used for lighting, these can be spotlights, LED strip, duralight cord, which are mounted in the plastic baseboard case or in glass floors.

Modern lighting trends

Lighting design is a unique combination of technological advancement and artistic planning. All new design trends come first to the light zoning of rooms, and then spread to the entire interior. A distinctive feature of modern design is high functionality; this is the so-called smart design, which is aimed at satisfying all the needs of its owner. This trend is called lighting personalization.

If you carefully study the appearance of modern lamps, it becomes clear that they have completely lost clearly defined boundaries. Nowadays, round, asymmetrical, small-sized built-in spots are especially popular in interior design. Track systems have become an integral part of the ceiling, which has also lost its boundaries.

Night lighting is not a significant necessity when decorating interior spaces. However, it allows you to avoid accidents in the dark. You can install night light along the perimeter of strategic movement or in separate areas of the room.

With motion sensor

Recently, during construction country houses Light sensors or, in other words, twilight switches have become increasingly used. A light sensor is a device for automatically controlling light sources, depending on the level of light zoning of the surrounding space.

If you still use incandescent lamps in the evening, then feel free to replace them the latest system night lighting. So, in just a month you will save several thousand.

Wireless lighting

What is wireless lighting? This is a special design, a single panel with luminous elements mounted inside. In turn, the light bulbs are responsible for the movement of current. The functioning of such panels is completely “mobile”, which allows you to mount them on any surface and not worry about damage to the wires.

The principle of operation of such an installation is comparable to night lighting - when residents move from one room to another, the lighting devices automatically start.

In conclusion, I would like to note that the organization of lighting in an apartment should be thought out in all areas. Modern trends gravitate towards freedom, the absence of clear boundaries of light sources, which, in turn, guarantees comfort and high functionality of the room. Just a couple of built-in lamps can change the perception of space, making it more expressive and deep.

How to place lamps on the ceiling (2 videos)

Lighting in interior design (90 photos)

Our friend and founder of the Khvoya brand Anna Feoktistova talks about where and what kind of lamps are appropriate to use and what design suits whom?

Lighting – essential tool formation of space. Its task is not just to illuminate, but to create a pleasant living environment.

Lighting is divided into natural and artificial:

1. The first is street (daylight) light. It is impossible to stay indoors for a long time without it. Sunlight solves many problems.

• light is a natural antibiotic that disinfects the room. By sanitary rules and building regulations, insolation (lighting from direct sunlight) of a living space must be at least 2 hours a day. All microdistricts and residential buildings in Russia are designed with this in mind.
• Natural lighting has a good effect on a person’s health and psychological state, increases immunity and reduces the risk of depression.

2. Second - all light sources inside the house. It is they and their proper placement that will help make the interior not only beautiful, but also comfortable for life (by this I mean the level of a person’s physical and psychological state). Let's talk about this.

Where to start? Features of modern lighting in the interior

Start with yourself and determining your own needs!

Think about what you like to do, find a suitable area for it. Always try to answer the question “Why?”, then errors will be minimal.

For example: “There will be a sconce here, because on this wall I want to hang my favorite reproduction and highlight it with light. And this simple sconce design will be white, like the wall, because the main thing is the picture and the emphasis should be on it.”

Lighting scenarios in the apartment

You can create several scenarios in one space:

bright main lighting (chandeliers and any ceiling lighting).

subdued evening, when bright light is not needed (sconces, floor lamps, decorative lamps, hidden lighting).

accent lighting for an area or object. When you need to highlight something (ceiling and wall lamps with directional light).

festive (decorative lamps, garlands)

When we talk about lighting options, we assume that different lamps will be turned on from different switches. You can also use switches for convenience. You can turn on the lighting from two switches located at different ends of the room. Such switches are convenient to use in long rooms, corridors, and bedrooms.

Using dimmers will also help in creating different lighting scenarios. The invention, of course, is not new, but very useful. Using a dimmer switch, you can adjust the illumination from each lamp. It is important to remember here that not all lamps are dimmable. Most LED lamps are non-dimmable.

Thinking through scenarios and making electrical wiring is one of the first stages in repairs.

What types of light sources are there?

The main source (or sources) of lighting. They give maximum light. And additional local lamps that organize secondary lighting scenarios.

Types of lamps:

1. Chandeliers

2. Pendant lights

3. Surface-mounted ceiling lamps for general lighting

4. Overhead spotlights

5. Recessed spotlights (spots)

6. Track lights

7. Sconce

8. Floor lamps

9. Table lamps

10. Decorative lighting – built-in LED lighting, holiday lighting, garlands

What to choose for the main lighting in the living room?

1. Chandelier

A chandelier is one of the types of pendant lamps designed to create shadow-free lighting.

The chandelier is the central element. It can become an accent in the interior, highlight a certain area, and act as the main source of lighting. For example, it will fit perfectly above the coffee table in the sofa area and become the main compositional element of the relaxation area. There is a truth and a minus: the possibility of rearranging furniture is limited by the fact that the chandelier organizes the space around itself.

In what interior is it appropriate to use a chandelier?

It is customary to emphasize the space with a chandelier, so it should be enough. Classic chandeliers are more elongated vertically, so they require high ceilings. Chandeliers in modern styles There are both horizontal and vertical.

If we talk about styles, designers are experimenting more and more and, along with understandable things, combining seemingly incompatible things! It is quite possible to meet classic chandelier in an apartment made of concrete, or, conversely, a modern geometric one - in walls with wide cornices and openwork moldings.

Using a classic chandelier in traditional interior, you don’t have to worry about the result – she’ll probably fit in well! But if you want to make an unusual accent element, be careful! The rest of the interior in this case should become the background, here and there in small details only emphasizing the style of the chandelier.

The installation height depends largely on the situation. Usually at least 2.2 m from the floor, so as not to touch your head or hands. However, if the chandelier hangs above the coffee table in the living room, it would be appropriate to make it lower.

One chandelier in the center of the room will not solve the lighting issue. This is the main element that gives a lot of light, but with it alone the corners will remain in the shadows. Therefore, additional light sources are necessary.

2. Spot lighting (spots)

Spotlights are small lamps with directional light, having a certain angle of light propagation and radius of illumination.

Types of ceiling spotlights:

built-in spots

surface-mounted lamps

track systems

The peculiarity of the lamps is that they can be used both as main lighting and as accent lighting. The main thing is to choose the right lamp. Lamps come with different beam angles. For example, a conventional incandescent lamp has a scattering angle of 360 degrees, i.e. it shines in all directions and gives a general flood light. For halogen and LED lamps for spotlights with GU10 and GU5.3 bases, a narrower angle. Most often it varies from 20 to 150 degrees. The range from 20 to 40 is suitable for local illumination of a painting or decorative elements. For basic lighting you need an angle of more than 60 degrees.

Spot and track lights are appropriate in almost any interior, be it an interpretation of classics, loft or minimalism. You can make them completely invisible or, conversely, accentuated.

If you use lamps as the main lighting, it is important to correctly calculate exactly how many lamps are needed and at what distance from each other they should be located. As a rule, the distance between spotlights is made no more than 1.5 m. Of course, there are calculation formulas, but it is best to contact a lighting store, where the manager will help you decide required power and the number of lamps for your room.

Result:

Use the chandelier in a tall, large room in combination with additional elements lighting.

Spotlights are suitable for rooms with low ceilings, rooms with frequent rearrangements, and for accent lighting.

3. Wall lamps (sconces) – which ones and why?

Wall lamps are sources of additional lighting mounted in a wall or on a wall. There are two types - built-in or overhead (sconces).

Overhead sconces come in different designs:

Carobaceae. The most familiar and widespread type of sconce.

Wall (surface). Appropriate in cases where the room is narrow so as not to interfere with the passage. Most often used in corridors and staircases.

Lighting for pictures.

Stationary. Sconces that do not have additional scenarios illuminate only in one position.

Adjustable. The design of such sconces has movable elements, by controlling which you can change the lighting.

With reflected light. Such sconces give a soft, light light. Most often, wall sconces are found with reflected light.

With directional light.

The type of sconce largely depends on the style of the interior and its purpose.

Switch the main light to the sconce and achieve a subdued, cozy atmosphere. They will help organize a work area, a place for reading, and highlight an interesting wall texture.

If you want to use sconces in work area Instead of a table lamp, try one that is adjustable and extends up to 60 cm from the wall so you can control the light as needed.

Remember, the lamp should not interfere with the passage. If the room is narrow, use surface sconces that do not protrude too much. Or ditch them altogether and use accent ceiling lighting.

Any lamp needs space, so choose a place for the sconce so that it is not “crowded” on the wall.

Kitchen and dining group

The kitchen area should have general lighting and lighting work surface. This is a set necessary for convenience and cooking.

In addition to uniform lighting with lamps, it would be nice to place a lamp above the dining group. This could be a pendant lamp or sconce.

The lamp should be installed in the kitchen at a height of 1.3-1.4 m from the floor (50-70 cm from the countertop).

If we talk about lamps above the bar counter, then the height here should be made a little higher - 1.6-1.8 m from the floor.

If the table is against the wall, you can use sconces. An interesting solution is a cantilever wall lamp with a reach of up to 1 meter in length. The installation height of such a lamp is also 50-70 cm from the table top.

If your room is small in size, do not overload it; use small lamps or lamps in light colors or with glass shades. Openwork lamps made of metal or wood can look impressive.

Many manufacturers produce series of lamps, in the same material, but in different sizes and forms, and invite us to experiment and show imagination. Combine in various combinations and hang on different heights!

What can you experiment with?

With wire!

Pendant lamps with textile braided wires look impressive. This can be a twisted wire or a simple round braided wire. The number of color options is huge!

An interesting design element can be exposed wiring. Attach it to the surface of the wall or ceiling with clips for open wiring if the cable is twisted, use insulators.

Important to know!

If you use a ceiling lamp or chandelier in the center of the kitchen as the main lighting, do not hang pendant lamps above the dining room! They will "argue" with each other. The best solution would be sconces.

If the main lighting is spotlights, pendant lights above the dining group will be excellent option!

Corridor lighting

Let's consider several options.Let's say we have a wide, spacious hall with a width of at least 1.5 meters with a console table for keys or a banquette. For such a room, central lighting with a chandelier or overhead lamp is suitable. You can make sconces on the walls. Place them, for example, above a table or near a mirror. The installation height of sconces can vary from 1.6 to 1.8 m above floor level.

If your hall is narrow and long, the best option there will be the use of recessed or surface-mounted accent lights.

Recessed lamps would be appropriate in a minimalist interior. These can be either spotlights or linear ones.

Advice! If you have a long corridor, you can visually make it smaller by making the far wall an accent wall and highlighting it. All bright or illuminated surfaces appear visually closer.

Bedroom lighting

The bedroom can also have basic lighting in the form of a chandelier or spotlights. ceiling lamps. Although it is often not done in order to initially create cozy atmosphere for rest and sleep. The issue of lighting in this case is solved with decorative lamps. This could be sconces, spot lighting of individual interior elements, or hidden LED lighting. And, of course, night lights by the bed so that, for example, you can read a book.

A convenient height for installing a sconce for reading can be about 100-120 cm from the floor.

Bedside lamps can be pendant, wall, or table. By the way, they can be placed asymmetrically - on one side of the bed there is a lamp, on the other there is a table lamp.

If we talk about pendant lamps, you can combine 2-3 lamps together. The recommended installation height for the lampshade is 90 cm from the floor. In this case, it’s a good idea to think of a small hook for fixing them so that they don’t sway from side to side when you accidentally touch them or open a window and the wind blows.

The main thing for bedside lamps is that you can turn them on without getting out of bed. Choose lamps with a switch on the body. Or make a pass-through switch - one at the entrance to the bedroom, the second above the head of the bed.

Light in the nursery

Child's room - the whole world with many tasks and functions - this is a bedroom, a playroom, and a workplace. There should be general lighting in the form of a chandelier or spotlights, a sconce by the bed (or pendant lamp), a table lamp, and possibly some other additional decorative lighting.

It is advisable to choose a sconce by the bed in the nursery with a power button on the body and a rotary one so that you can adjust the direction of the light. The installation height of the sconce is at least 50 cm above the bed.

Shower and toilet

In addition to general lighting, it is also good to have mirror lighting in the toilet. This could be a sconce or lighting mounted in a mirror. Its main purpose is to shine light on the face without creating cast shadows. Therefore, it is good if the sconce has a general flood light or with the ability to rotate the lampshade.

Interesting solutions can come from LED backlights. It is only important to remember that it makes sense to highlight something beautiful. It could be a wall unusual material(for example, stone, wood or relief) or a separate interesting element on the wall.

When choosing lamps for wet rooms, you must also look at the level of protection against moisture. It is designated as IP44, where the first is protection against penetration of solid objects and dust on a scale from 0-6, the second is the degree of protection from moisture on a scale from 0 to 8. More about this in our other post about the protection class of devices - . If the lamp is marked IP44, it is suitable for wet rooms.

Where can I find lamps?

Logical question! Well, first of all, of course, in the store. And there are several productions that I would like to separately pay attention to. High quality thoughtful design. But judge for yourself!

If we talk about built-in, surface-mounted lamps and track systems, I would recommend two brands. The first one is more economical option, the second one is more premium. Both are worthy of attention.

SLV is a German brand of built-in and surface-mounted lighting. Minimalistic design and excellent quality!

Centrsvet is another manufacturer of spotlights and recessed lamps in the styles of minimalism and functionalism.

Pendant lamp or chandelier – important topic, I have already said that they can become an accent around which the rest of the space will be formed. The choice of pendant lamps is very large, it is easy to get confused. Therefore, I’ll tell you a little about design icons that are always popular and always appropriate, and about lamps that I like, but have not yet gained such popularity.

If three or four years ago loft-style lamps were at the peak of popularity, now A popular return to the styles of the 60-80s of the last century. Designers are not afraid to mix retro styles with minimalism, classic or loft. Many manufacturers make replicas of lamps created by famous designers of the 20th century. Factory FLOS, for example, whose history began in the 70s. XX century.

One of the first lamps was Zeppelin (pictured above), which is still being successfully produced today.

The design of the 60s-80s and big brands is not limited to everything. Dima Loginov, a famous Russian designer, one of his lamps is Mountain view, designed for the Axolight factory, in the photo above. There are young productions in Russia, the founder of one of which I myself am: Khvoya, Woodled, Garage Factory, Tayga Design, Anastasiya Koshcheeva, Mayna. Some of them were dedicated to wooden lamps. Designers work with traditional Russian materials and technologies. This makes the lamps memorable and sets them apart from their foreign counterparts.

Many are members of the Industrial Designers Club and are gathered in a common space - the Design Library in Moscow.

NEEDLES. Pendant lamp "Cap"

WOODLED. Pendant lamps "Rotor and Sputnik"

GARAGE FACTORY. Pendant lamp "Loona" and sconce "Boomerang"

Taiga Design. Pendant lamps "Crusta White" and "Iussi"

Anastasia Kosheeva. Series of pendant lamps "Svetoch"

MAYNA. Floor lamps "Aton, Las, Nodo"

Conclusion

Everything in the world is changing quickly. Most recently, in the bedroom, we conservatively placed two table lamps or sconces on the bedside tables. And now we are trying asymmetrical compositions and unusually shaped lamps! In this article, I have collected the rules that guide my work as a designer. However, sometimes something looks beautiful precisely because it was done contrary to the rules.Give free rein to your imagination, try and create! And for inspiration and new ideas, you can look at Pinterest or subscribe to our newsletter!

The beauty and comfort of the interior largely depends on its proper lighting. Any design project begins with the stage of selecting lighting fixtures and working out their location, since in the process of decorating the apartment it will be difficult to correct these details.

The concept of “lighting design” is much more complex and multifaceted than it might seem at first glance. It should highlight the advantages of the room in a favorable light and hide its shortcomings, make it cozy and comfortable, and emphasize the individuality of the owner.

Lighting design is usually divided into three components, each of which has a special role in creating stylish and harmonious interior lighting.

• The overall design is the background from which you should start when working out the location of other light sources.
• Lighting architecture is divided into internal, external and interior. Determines the overall style, makes the lighting design more individual and expressive.
• Lighting design is everything that can be swapped and moved. The most flexible element of lighting, expressing the individuality of the owner.

Usually, a competent project includes all three elements, because only their skillful combination can create an interesting and stylish interior.

Beautiful design depends largely on lighting

Lighting design needs to be thought through carefully

Using light you can highlight or hide interior elements

There are several types of lighting, each of which has its own functions and implementation rules:

Correctly selected lighting can change the interior beyond recognition

There are several types of lighting

The influence of lighting on emotional state

Not only the appearance of your apartment, but also the mental and emotional state its inhabitants. Scientists have found that the lighting that affects us has many properties that can be both beneficial and harmful.

Yellow light - classic version, which people are unlikely to ever give up. This color creates a cozy atmosphere and is good for the eyes.

Due to white lighting, human performance increases. But if the sharpness of such light is too high, fatigue occurs quickly.

Red energizes and invigorates, increases blood pressure.

Orange color provokes an improvement in appetite and an increase in heart rate.

The blue light has a relaxing effect and lowers blood pressure.

Green lighting is used in bedrooms and children's rooms. It is soothing and relaxing and very comfortable on the eyes.

Violet and blue light are not used for living spaces and rooms with long stays. These colors are depressing and irritating.

Blue light will help you relax

Each color has its own effect on a person

Emotional state may depend on lighting

How to regulate natural light

When passing through glass and reflecting from mirrors, natural light becomes too harsh and harsh. You can smooth out this light effect with the help of translucent and openwork barriers - tulle and organza. By scattering light, they make natural lighting smooth and comfortable.

Another way to control the light flow from windows is vertical blinds. They make it less rigid, and at a certain turn they give it the necessary direction. With their help, the level of illumination in the room can be adjusted with just a few hand movements.

Light can highlight the necessary objects in the interior

In some cases, you can do without natural light.

Principles of artificial lighting

The illumination of any space is subject to many sanitary and hygienic requirements, determined by various GOSTs and standards. You can study them long and hard, but it will be more convenient to familiarize yourself with only the most important of them.

All values ​​in this table are only the necessary minimum, no standards establish upper limit values.

The concepts of KEO and UGR are not familiar to every reader. Let's try to figure out what it is and how they differ from each other.

In the bedroom you can do without strong light sources. A few lamps will be enough

For each design, lighting should be selected individually

There are certain standards for lighting different rooms.

KEO

Daylight coefficient is the ratio of natural light to total light. The parameter determines the proportion of natural light entering the space of the room. Let's give a simple example.

Let us measure the illumination in the middle of the living room, and it was 300 lux. Let's go out to open balcony adjacent to this room, and measure the light level there. Let's say it was 500 lux. Then KEO will be calculated as 300/500=0.6. Comparing this indicator with the table value, we come to the conclusion that the light corresponds to the norm.

UGR

The discomfort coefficient is determined international standards and serves as an indicator of the hardness of light. It is measured in the range from 1 to 100 and is determined by the polarization, coherence and spectrum of the light flux.

In simple terms, this value shows how soft and favorable the light in the room is for the human eye.

Lighting can highlight some objects in the interior

If the room has a lot of natural light, you can get by with a chandelier

Basic rules

Having understood the standards, it is worth talking about the basic rules, which are no longer responsible for the absence of harm to human health, but for the harmonious aesthetic design of the interior.

Lighting design must be consistent with the color of the interior.

The flow of light visually stretches the room, lengthening it in the direction of its direction.

Light rooms are illuminated evenly, while those made in dark colors illuminate each zone separately.

In the work area, the ideal light is white.

It is better to illuminate light objects with colored light, and for bright details choose bright local lighting.

Saturated shadows and lack of light in certain areas are best avoided.

The flow of light visually stretches the room, lengthening it in the direction of its direction

In the bedroom you can get by with a chandelier and several lamps

The lighting solution must be combined with the interior of the room

Pros and cons of chandeliers

The most common type of lamps that is used in the interior of any room and style are pendant and ceiling chandeliers. They use different types lamps, they differ in style and design, but the most important parameter when choosing is the material from which the chandelier is made.

Material
	Strength, durability Easy to clean	Due to its large mass, the chandelier requires a more durable attachment to the ceiling High cost
	Variety of shapes and colors No deformation Easy to clean	Fragility
	Environmental friendliness Harmonious combination with wooden furniture	Requirement for care Moisture resistant Exposure to light Fragility
Crystal	Luxurious presentable look Creating a play of light	High cost Fragility
	Minimum cost Ease	Has the property of fading in light
Textile	Originality Reasonable price	Fragility Marking Fire resistance

Chandeliers definitely look quite stylish and play off the overall stylistic idea of ​​the interior, creating an atmosphere of warmth and comfort around them, but they also have disadvantages:

• Difficult installation.
• Difficulty in cleaning. In order to clean the chandelier well, you will first have to unscrew the shades and then screw them into place.
• High cost compared to conventional lamps.
• Not suitable for rooms with low ceilings.
• Markedness. Decorative chandeliers located under the ceiling collect a lot of dust due to the abundance of hanging elements.

Despite their beauty, they are very difficult to install and maintain.

Chandeliers always look very stylish

Pros and cons of lamps

The latest generation of lamps, which are extremely popular, are LED or LED lamps. Their success in the market is due to the many advantages of such lighting:

Durability. Service life more than 50 thousand hours.

Energy saving.

Economical.

High efficiency.

Ability to change the color, brightness and temperature of lighting.

Compact and flexible modules that allow you to implement many design ideas.

Strength.

Environmental friendliness.

Safety. Such lamps have an extremely low risk of fire.

Regarding the disadvantages of LED lighting, it is worth saying the following:

The high cost may scare you at first, but it is fully compensated by the long service life and cost-effectiveness of such devices.

An LED driver is required to provide power to the device.

LEDs tend to lose brightness and their light becomes dimmer.

Replacing a burnt-out LED can be problematic.

Using lamps you can highlight specific areas

LED lamps are very popular at the moment.

Sometimes lamps are used as a decorative element

Street lighting

External lighting of the house is carried out for decorative, security or functional purposes.

Functional lighting is usually given special attention in the project, since it is she who is responsible for safe movement in the yard. The main objects are garden paths, steps and porches, and the most popular solution is small lamps on short legs. They will fit perfectly into any landscape design and will not take up much space, and in the dark they will do their job perfectly.

Advice for the most economical owners is to use solar-powered lamps; their choice is also huge.

To save money, you can use solar-powered lamps

External lighting of the house is carried out for decorative, security or functional purposes

Decorative lighting is designed to use light to highlight the most attractive features of your garden. It can be installed near a fountain, pond, recreation area or garden sculpture.

Properly organized interior lighting design can work real miracles, transforming space, changing the direction of light flow and having a beneficial effect on the human psyche. The main thing in the pursuit of stylish and modern project interior - follow the lighting rules and do not forget about your own comfort and health.