An extension to the house is an excellent solution for expanding free space in any type of dwelling. It is important that all construction work can be done independently.
Of course, this will require certain building skills and knowledge of work technologies, but there is nothing particularly difficult about it. The help of specialists may be required at the design stage of the structure, as well as when supplying communications inside the structure. In addition, certain problems often arise when legalizing an extension in the regulatory authorities.
The attachment can perform a variety of functions.
Most often, an extension is erected to form an additional room, summer kitchen, garage, veranda, terrace, shed, porch. There are a huge number of options - everything will depend on personal requirements and wishes. Of course, it will be very difficult to build something from a technological point of view, but often all construction is done by hand.
The main thing here is to correctly build the foundation, walls, roof, insulate and isolate the room from moisture, and also correctly attach the new foundation to the old one.
Types of extensions for country houses
Before starting any construction works, it is necessary to clearly define the type of construction, because how to make an extension to the house is possible only if there is a clear plan and project. There are several most common types of extensions in our country:
canopy
This is the simplest in execution and less expensive from all points of view, an extension for country house. The main functional task of such a design is to ensure the protection of people and things located under a canopy from sun rays, rain and other precipitation. Under such a canopy it will be good to rest in warm time year and dine, or you can park the car.
Canopy for a car.
An important advantage of the canopy device is that the construction of a foundation is not required, because the base will be supporting pillars(from metal, wood, concrete). The canopy frame is attached to these supports.
summer room
To form a summer room, more than capital construction than in the case of a canopy. Such premises are intended for relaxation in the warm season, gatherings, reading books, etc. Naturally, a foundation device is required.
It is recommended to use columnar or strip base, depending on the type of building material and the dimensions of the room. Boards are usually used to create walls, foam concrete blocks, frame shields. For better lighting walls and roof, in whole or in part, can be made of glass.
Summer room.
Such an extension usually has a shed or gable roof. Roofing material is recommended to use the lightest. Mounting thermal insulation materials, as a rule, is not carried out, because such premises are not operated during the cold season.
Living room
Before you attach a room to the house, you must perform all the required calculations and draw up a project. In this case, a thorough approach will be required, which involves the construction of a foundation, the capital construction of walls and roofs, the installation of waterproofing and heat-insulating materials, and the supply of all necessary communications.
Warm living room.
Particular attention is paid to the insulation of the premises, that it was possible to live here in winter time without spending a lot of energy on heating.
Kitchen
As a rule, extensions are not intended for kitchen equipment. Such a structure should be capital, so it needs to be insulated as efficiently as possible.
Wooden kitchen.
It is possible to build such an extension correctly only using quality project, created by professionals, because the kitchen needs to sum up all communications: sewerage, water supply, electricity, gas, ventilation system. This, of course, leads to serious financial costs for which not everyone is ready.
Garage
Using an extension to build a garage is a very common trend in last years. The garage will require the construction of a tape or monolithic foundation, and for the construction of walls, foam concrete blocks or bricks are usually used.
Two garages.
The roof, in most cases, is made of profiled sheet or metal tiles, slate or roofing material. Mandatory communications for the garage - ventilation system and heating.
Connecting an extension to a country house
Many people choose for a long time where to attach a new room to their house, so that it is easier to connect it to the main building. There are two options to choose from here:
- Independent building. In the event that difficult ground conditions are observed on the ground (for example, heaving soils or high level groundwater), it is recommended to build an independent structure that will not be connected to the main house in any way. In this case, the extension and the main structure do not have points of contact, so they do not depend on each other. At the same time, between the two buildings, the minimum possible distance, which is a technological gap that must be filled with heat-insulating and waterproofing materials.
- The introduction of an extension to the design of the old building. Such a decision implies a certain laboriousness, because construction will require compliance with all necessary technologies and conducting many calculations and studies. First of all, it will be necessary to properly build and insulate the foundation, which must be correctly connected to the base of the country house. This is usually done with reinforced rods. According to approximately the same technology, the walls and roof of structures are connected.
Features of the construction of the roof for an extension to the house
The roof of the extension to the house can have any shape - here again everything will depend on the requirements and wishes of the owners. Along with this, most often suburban homeowners choose pitched roof, because it is simple in execution, it is easy to insulate it yourself, it goes well with other types of roofs that the main structure may have, and it also removes rainfall well, not allowing the entire structure to experience additional loads.
In order for precipitation from the roof of the extension to drain in normal mode, the design of the roof implies a roof slope of 20 degrees or more.
Besides, Special attention it is necessary to pay attention to the establishment of the roof of the annex under the roof of a country house. If everything is done correctly, the wall located between the extension and the country house will be protected from water ingress through the joint between the two structures. In addition, the roof of the extension should be extremely harmoniously combined with the roofing material of the main building and harmoniously fit into the exterior of the building, without standing out from the general background.
In the design process, it is very important to correctly calculate the load that the roof structure will give. Take into account the weight of the rafters, roofing material and others structural elements used in the construction of the roof.
It is important to understand that the extension to the house on screw piles or poles is not designed for too serious loads, unlike monolithic or tape concrete foundation. You also need to insulate the roof (you can insulate using any suitable heat-insulating materials, which are recommended to be covered with waterproofing from above).
How to legalize construction?
Build an extension to old or new country house- that's half the battle. Any additional premises erected on land plot, it is necessary to document and obtain permission to carry out construction work from regulatory authorities.
An extension to the house can be done with your own hands, no one will force you to invite builders, however, the homeowner must submit to the employees of the regulatory services a well-designed building project.
The procedure for processing all documentation for an extension to an old country house usually takes from several months to a year.
An interesting point is that you can start collecting documents and obtaining a building permit after all the work has been completed. This is permitted by applicable law.
At the same time, when reviewing documents, employees of the regulatory body may have some claims that will have to be without fail correct (for example, the location of the building relative to underground utilities or use of unsuitable building materials).
Consider buildings to the house and not extensions
Pergola - the simplest structure and a great place to relax.
Barbecue is a great place for receiving guests and holidays.
There are many options for assembling frame extensions to the house. The most economical and technologically simple option is the assembly of a frame structure. Best of all, such an extension will look next to a wooden house. What materials and tools are needed for self installation extensions and how is the installation technology of the structure carried out?
Technological features of extensions
The definition itself makes it clear that the basis of the structure is a supporting skeleton - a frame made of edged timber. Other parts of the building are also made of timber - the lower trim and corner posts. Conventional racks and jumpers are made of simple boards. Also, with the help of boards, future doors and window openings in the room are indicated. The thickness of the racks should be equal to the thickness of the heat-insulating layer, and based on the width of the insulation, the step between the racks is determined.
Let's give an example: if the house is located in the northern part of the country, then the thickness of the insulation should be at least 15 cm. It follows that the width of the lumber should be 150 mm by 100 or 150 mm. The step size must be kept within 60 cm, since the width of the insulation plate is 60 cm.
After assembling the frame structure, it is mounted. Do not forget that before this, hydro and vapor barrier is carried out. After insulation works rough sheathing of the structure is carried out using OSB or DSP sheets.
Video about the construction of a frame extension to the house
Frame extension to the house
Construction of a frame extension
Terrace extension to wooden house
A winter garden, a kitchen, a spacious library, a living room, etc. can be successfully located on the newly minted area of the house. There are plenty of options! They depend on the wishes of the owner and his needs. If you have determined what exactly you are missing in the house, you should take care of the preparation of materials.
Usually, for the construction of an extension, materials are used that do not burden the building and have good thermal insulation characteristics. Basically, the owners choose sandwich panels and quality timber. When it comes to building winter garden, you need to understand that glass panels make the structure heavier and require a powerful foundation.
Extensions to the house and their types
Today, an extension to the house can be carried out in various options, but the most popular are:
- side with a combined roof;
- side with its own roof;
- attic;
- superstructure for the second floor and above.
The first option is the most budgetary, since the existing roof is only extended by the extension area. The main structure is being completed from either side, then a doorway is broken through, and thus the living area is increased.
The second option is suitable in a situation where it is not possible to make a common roof. The consumption of materials and the cost of labor increase.
The subtleties of creating an extension to the house
- Heating in the annex is better to equip according to the type " warm floors» or use electric heaters.
- Roof - ideal option it is considered a similar type with a main roof, but a smaller slope. For a veranda and a winter garden it is worth making a glass roof.
- A floor with a terrace can be made from the same material and at the same level to create the integrity of the image.
- Slider doors are an option, cheaper than a hinged model. It gives a special charm to the room.
Interior decoration of the extension
The interior space of the extension depends on the layout of the room. In addition to functionality, it is necessary to take into account that style orientation should be the same everywhere. Most owners make out new square in the same invoice color scheme as other rooms. However, experiments and unusual solutions are not ruled out.
- In the annex, you can organize a kitchen area with a dining area. Using finishing with light materials, you can expand the space. If it is not possible to provide sufficient solar lighting through windows, a glass ceiling should be built.
- In the glazed large veranda, you can make a modern living room in country style. Hard to find more rational decision than facing structures with wood and stone. These materials are considered the most suitable for country houses.
External design of the extension - ideas
In private houses of the city, most of the outbuildings are located in the backyard, but there are also possibilities for organizing an additional room that is visible to everyone. They are attached at the main entrance, and therefore the extension to the house is the main one.
For its construction, you can use similar materials used for the house and its cladding. Thus, a harmonious exterior is created, and the building itself looks like a single ensemble.
An extension that is different in appearance from the house can be made of glass. In this case, the glazed stylish veranda will be flooded all day sunlight. Great solution will be unusual shape a building designed as a garden or park.
Snow-white color wide extension, made in the French style, can play the role of a spacious living room, and its roof - an open spacious area with an original fence.
On a spacious cemented area it is possible to equip a place for a barbecue, as well as a dining area.
If the extension of one of the walls is next to a fence or a house, it should be deaf, and the remaining surfaces should be made of glass from the floor under the ceiling, either with a low stone or brick foundation. If you need to create an extension-veranda or living room, you can use frosted glass walls. Sliding door models will also be appropriate here.
If two walls of the extension are deaf, and on the roof can not be performed glass windows, then at least one of the walls must be made of glass. In this way, natural light can be provided.
Extension to the house in the style of a winter garden assumes the presence of glass to the roof. The most spectacular are the Victorian extensions with light frames, sharp views of the vaults and Gothic deglazing. They can serve as a dining room and an additional living room.
The summer terrace is usually built from a small amount of materials, because it is often arranged in a rustic style. For the winter, it can be covered with polycarbonate sheets.
Sometimes an extension may look like a separate building, but at the same time a corridor from the house stretches to it. They are often positioned as a greenhouse, summer guest house or kitchen.
Extension to the house - learning style from the British (photo)
We hope you find the ideas interesting!
Competent construction of extensions for various purposes can not only expand the residential part of the house, but also improve it appearance and protect against wear. The construction of a veranda adjacent to the house, regardless of the type of building, requires careful project development, with the definition of materials and construction technology.
Proper clearance and approval project documentation in state instances, it will not only insure against problems with the law, but also help draw up a plan and estimate for the building.
Design
A typical veranda is a roofed frame structure erected on a strip or column foundation, with glass or half glass walls. The statement that the veranda should be built from the same materials as the main building, with the emergence of new styles and fashion trends in architecture, has lost its relevance.
In the photos below - turnkey solutions verandas attached to the house, with various principles compatibility. In some cases, the new extension is made of the same materials and is completely combined with the house, in others the new one is combined with the preservation of common elements - roofs, beams, etc.
There are also projects where original design extensions brings a new architectural touch, updating the exterior.
When choosing materials and construction technologies, one should also take into account the parameters of proper ventilation, moisture resistance and thermal insulation. With full glazing, it is necessary to provide opening segments for ventilation.
In case it is being built open veranda, or as it is also called - a summer terrace, you need to take care of the frost-resistant lining and tilt the floor towards the site.
Designs with removable frames are optimal for year-round use. Installation of large sliding doors will also allow you to use the building in a dual-mode version.
AT standard project the area of the veranda is rectangular and ranges from 10 to 15 sq.m. With smaller areas it will be too crowded, with large areas, additional reinforcement for the roof will be required. Polygonal and semi-circular foundations are also possible.
According to its location, the veranda can be corner, end or front. An original solution can be considered the construction of a terrace around the entire perimeter of the house, which can have glazed, open and closed areas for various purposes: they can accommodate an entrance hall, a recreation area, and a large pantry.
Foundation
The foundation of terraces and verandas attached to the house should fit snugly against the main building, but at the same time have independent supports.
The strip foundation is suitable for large and heavy structures, in all other cases it can be erected columnar foundation. When pouring concrete, you need to leave a gap of 3-4 cm with the main wall, which will subsequently be filled with waterproofing foam.
At the first stage of preparation for construction, the soil is cleared and compacted. Then, corner holes are dug for the pillars along the depth of the foundation of the house (about 1 m on average), a pillow is made of crushed stone, gravel and sand, on which concrete is poured.
After setting, supports are inserted from asbestos or metal pipes. Can also be used concrete pillars or brick. The same method is used to lay high piles for buildings adjacent to the level of the second floor.
Depending on the area and weight of the terrace, intermediate posts may be needed, installed every half a meter.
For a tape-type foundation, a trench of 30-50 cm breaks through, the formwork is laid 15-20 cm higher. Metal bars of reinforcement are inserted into the soil or reinforcing mesh. Concrete is poured onto a layer of crushed stone and sand.
Wooden frame
The frame is mounted from beams or logs with a width of at least 12 cm, which are covered with a waterproofing layer. For the strength of horizontal knitting, experts recommend using fasteners in the foot, while the connection surface will be at an angle. Vertical racks fixed with diagonal interceptions.
At the final stage wooden frame covered with roof rafters. For cladding, you can use plywood panels, chipboard boards etc.
erection wooden veranda- the best budget solution at the prices of materials, but when choosing this type of building you need professional approach and knowledge of the nuances of building from a wooden beam.
Other materials for verandas
The construction of foam blocks is being built on strip foundation. It is easy to make such a masonry yourself. Laying is carried out with the help of special glue, with dressing of seams for strength.
When finishing, an internal and external waterproofing layer, plasterboard finishing, wooden shields, moisture resistant wallpaper and paints. The outer surface can be lined with ventilated facades.
Polycarbonate structure construction, modern and attractive option. This material is well combined in buildings with a wooden and brick frame.
For a building that consists entirely of bicarbonate shields, no foundation is needed. The earth can simply be compacted and covered with paving slabs.
The structure is created using aluminum profiles, it is necessary to provide for the possibility of ventilation and drainage of water. Polycarbonate boards and frames various types can be matched to specific requirements for lighting and thermal insulation.
Before you attach a veranda to the house, you need to decide on the functions that it will perform. In addition to the drainage and ventilation systems necessary in any case, the correct connection to the capital structure and the roof structure, the schedule for using this part of the house is important.
Design and construction summer verandas different from the requirements for premises with year-round operation. It is also important to note that any extension will require the same care and renovation as permanent buildings.
Photo of the veranda attached to the house
By purpose, all extensions to the house are divided into:
- living room;
- garage;
- terrace;
- summer cuisine;
- porch.
According to the type of material used, extensions are:
- frame;
- brick;
- from foam blocks;
- from a bar.
At the first stage of preparation for construction, it is necessary to decide whether the construction of a capital building is planned or not. The device of a canopy or terrace is quite possible without a project that is completed specialized organization, a plan or diagram may suffice. The construction of a living room or a garage is best done using a specially designed or tied to specific conditions already finished project extensions to a wooden house. Savings at this stage, as a rule, turn into additional much higher costs during construction.
Capital buildings
Room framing project
Advantages of using a frame structure:
- construction speed;
- no settlement of the structure at the first stages of operation;
- a small load on the foundation, and as a result, insignificant requirements for it;
- excellent compatibility with the wooden structures of the main private house.
Particularly suitable frame structure in case of construction two-story extension to country house, as it is much lighter than other types of construction.
Foam block extension project
The foam block extension is one of the most common options, as it simultaneously combines the relative cheapness of work and their simplicity. In addition, these are not all the advantages of using this technology.
Advantages:
- construction speed;
- durability of the structure (at least 50 years);
- a small load on the foundation (a foundation on pillars is enough instead of a tape one);
- structural strength;
- simplicity of construction technology;
- the ability of the material to "breathe".
Flaw:
- need exterior finish facade due to the unattractive appearance of the blocks.
timber extension project
Structurally and technologically, everything that was said about frame extensions can also be attributed to timber structures. In fact, the combined version is most often used.
The main points when building an extension from a bar:
- the foundation for it should be similar to the foundation for the main building and connected to it;
- it is possible to use more economical pile foundation, of course, in the case of a design calculation;
- necessary between the house and the annex to create expansion joint, which will prevent damage to the walls during shrinkage of the new structure;
- the technology for erecting the structure of the walls and roof of the extension is similar to the technology for building a house.
Non-capital buildings
Polycarbonate Veranda
The established opinion that the veranda is a warehouse for storing unnecessary things (tools, bicycles, skis and other junk) is fundamentally wrong. In fact, this is a great opportunity to create a convenient and beautiful area recreation. Especially if you use it modern designs and materials.
Key points in the construction of the veranda:
- they can have almost any configuration - a rectangle, a square, a semicircle with a roof in the form of an arch;
- the lightness of the design allows its construction on a minimal foundation, for example, a strip foundation with a depth and width of only 30 cm. sand cushion 20 cm thick;
- it is advisable to build a small base to which the frame structures are attached;
- polycarbonate itself, due to the properties of the material, is easily cut and mounted on an already assembled frame.
canopy
A canopy is constructed, as a rule, in order to protect any used space from precipitation. Thus, it is possible to equip almost the entire territory adjacent to the house for a summer dining room, playgrounds and much more.
The design of the canopy usually consists of:
- pillars dug to a depth of about 0.5 meters and filled with concrete;
- horizontal beams, and one of them must be attached to the wall of the house;
- rafters and battens on them;
- roofing material.
The existing variety of materials and various structural elements allows you to create the most different combinations when building sheds. But most often when building an extension to a wooden house, wood and metal tiles are used.
