Installation of partitions from gypsum plasterboard, gypsum plasterboard. GVL slabs for walls: parameters and installation options GVL partition with shelves

They tell you more about the installation of partitions of the C36 series of complete KNAUF systems
I. BESSONOV, Ph.D. tech. Sciences, leading researcher at NIISF RAASN,
Honorary Builder of Russia; A. ZHUKOV, Ph.D. tech. Sciences, Associate Professor MGSU
and O. YALUNINA, postgraduate student at NIISF

Basic elements of partitions

Partitions using plasterboard and gypsum fiber sheets used for dry finishing of premises. Compared to partitions made of brick or concrete blocks, their installation speed is higher, their weight is lower, and finishing costs are lower.

Gypsum fiber sheet (GOST R 51829-2001) - homogeneous building a material obtained by semi-dry pressing from a mixture of gypsum binder and fluffed waste paper.

Heat and sound insulation materials: products made of mineral or glass fiber with a synthetic binder, as well as other materials that have fire and hygienic safety certificates for use in premises for the corresponding purpose.

The thickness of the insulating layer must be at least half the distance between the internal surfaces of the gypsum fiber board. The thermal resistance of the structure and sound insulation indices are determined by calculation. Most commonly used brands thermal insulation materials are given in the first section. In KNAUF systems, it is recommended to use KNAUF INSULATION fiberglass products, and in SAINT GOBIN systems - ISOVER fiberglass products.

The metal frame consists of galvanized metal PS and PN profiles. The shelves of the PS profile have longitudinal corrugations that increase rigidity. The central corrugation is a guideline both for precise assembly of the frame and for installation of gypsum fiber boards. There are three pairs of holes in the wall of each profile that allow installation of utility lines inside the partitions. Guide profiles are produced with ready-made holes with a diameter of 8 mm in the wall, intended for fastening with dowels. This greatly simplifies the process of attaching the profile to load-bearing base. If necessary, additional holes for dowels can be drilled in the profile wall using a drill.

The rack profile is attached to the guide using a cutter - the “notch with bend” method. It is allowed to connect rack profiles along the length using the attachment method or end-to-end with an additional profile. In both cases, the length of the overlap must be at least 10 times the length “a” of the profile wall, and the length of the additional profile must be at least 20 times the length “a”. The profiles are connected using a cutter or LN9 screws.

Wooden frame. The posts and guides are made from lumber from rocks not lower than 2nd grade according to GOST 8486-86. The frame bars are treated with fire retardants and antiseptics in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 3.03.01.87. Wood moisture content should not exceed 12 ± 3%.

To fasten gypsum fiber boards to the frame of partitions and fasten frame elements together, self-tapping screws, steel screws, universal dowels, anchors, and MJP are used.

Partitions using "KNAUF supersheets"

Element-by-element partitions covered with KNAUF supersheets (gypsum fiber sheets) are structures intended for use in residential, public and industrial buildings, in which:
- to intersectional curtain walls and partitions, as well as to partitions separating common corridors from other premises, regulatory requirements are imposed on fire resistance limits for fire hazard class of structures KO 45;
- on evacuation routes (in lobbies, stairwells, elevator lobbies) the use of materials with a higher fire hazard than G1, B1, D1, T1 is not allowed;
- walls and partitions are subject to requirements for effective integrated fire protection and sound insulation.

Characteristics of C36 partitions

*Depends on the cross-sectional dimensions of the rack profiles used and the distance between them in the partition frame (a).
**In relation to the thickness of the KNAUF supersheet 10 (12.5) mm.
***Depending on the thickness of the “KNAUF supersheet” and the depth of the air gap, filled with mineral wool slabs of various bulk densities.

C36 partitions can also be used as fire barriers, subject to the requirements of clause 5.14 of SNiP 21-01-97*. Their use is not limited to: structural systems and types, levels of responsibility, degrees of fire resistance and functional fire hazard classes, number of storeys of buildings, as well as climatic and geotechnical conditions construction.

Height of partitions with sheathing made of gypsum fiber sheets

Element-by-element partitions are preferable to similar masonry-type structures in terms of loads on floors, deformation stability, the possibility of dismantling, implementation of individual planning and design solutions, as well as basic technical and economic indicators.

Height of partitions on a wooden frame

The basis of the partition designs are metal frames of various constructive solutions and double-sided cladding in one or several layers of KNAUF supersheets. The elements of metal frames are: rack profile (PS) and guide profile (PN), made of galvanized steel.

Material consumption


Notes:
1. Values ​​in parentheses are given for the case when the height of the partition exceeds the length of the gypsum fiber sheet.
2. Standard consumption of materials and labor for partition options: C361, C362, C365, C366 blind, with one, two, three doorways and expansion joint, see IESN - 81-02-10-2001.
3. Material consumption is given per 1 m2 of partition (based on a partition measuring 2.75 x 4 m = 11 m2 without openings and cutting losses).

To provide heat and sound insulation, as well as increase the fire resistance of structures, insulating material can be laid in the cavity between the frame posts. In addition, various electrical wiring and utilities can be located in the cavity of the frame. Expansion joints are installed every 15 m of the partition with mandatory repetition expansion joints enclosing structures.

Installation of partitions

Work on the installation of partitions is carried out in stages, in accordance with technological maps and sequential operations. General stages works for all types of partitions are:
- installation of a metal frame: marking the design position; installation of guide profiles; installation of rack profiles.
- sheathing the partition frame: sticking a dividing tape at the junction of the partition sheathing with the surface of the walls and ceiling;
- sheathing with gypsum fiber sheets on one side; pad engineering communications and installation of a soundproofing layer; covering the frame on the reverse side; Puttying joints and screw recesses. In multilayer sheathing, successive layers of gypsum fiber board are installed layer by layer on each side, followed by puttying of the joints in each layer.
- preparing the surface for finishing: removing excess separating tape; grinding, if necessary, the putty surface.

Installation work

Installation of gypsum fiber board partitions is carried out during the finishing work (during the cold season with heating connected), before the installation of a clean floor, in conditions corresponding to operational ones. Finishing work must be carried out in strict accordance with the requirements of the project, technical documentation"KNAUF". Before installing partitions, gypsum fiber sheets must undergo mandatory acclimatization (adaptation) in the room.

Rice. 1. Partition C366

Fastening of the frame guide profiles is carried out using Dichtungsband sealing tape or sealant with dowels with a pitch of no more than 1,000 mm, but not less than three fastenings per profile. Rack profiles are installed in guides with a design pitch. The height of the rack profile should be less than the distance between the upper and lower guides by 10 mm under normal conditions and by 20 mm under seismic conditions. Attaching the rack profiles to the guides is carried out with a special tool (notcher).

A guide profile (PN 50/40, 65/40, 75/40, 100/40) or a block is attached to the floor and ceiling. The pitch of the frame posts, depending on the maximum height of the partition, is 600, 400 or 300 mm (for subsequent tiling with ceramic tiles, a pitch of 400 mm is taken). The posts adjacent to the enclosing structures are secured with dowels.

In the design of the partition C366 (with space for laying communications), rack profiles of the same name are connected into frame racks with overlays made of KNAUF supersheets, placed in height with a pitch of 600 mm.

Rice. 2. Partition C367

In the design of the C367 partition, the guide profile PN 100/40 is attached to the floor and ceiling. The rack profile is attached to adjacent enclosing structures: to reinforced concrete elements - using an anchor metal dowel, and to brick walls - using expanding dowels. The step of fastening the guide profile to the floor and ceiling is 500 mm, and the rack profile to the enclosing structures is 1,000 mm, but not less than three fastenings per profile. Rack profiles PS 100/50 are installed in guides with a pitch of 300 mm.

Rice. 3. Partition C369

In the C368/369 partition design, the wooden frame posts are attached to the guide bars using nails or screws.

The laying of utilities associated with the sheathing of the partition frame must exclude the possibility of their damage by the sharp edges of the frame elements and screws during the process of attaching gypsum fiber sheets to it.

When sheathing, KNAUF supersheets are placed vertically. The gap between the sheet and the ceiling should be taken equal to about 5 mm. To meet fire protection requirements, the gap is sealed with a putty mixture, and to meet sound insulation requirements, the gap is sealed with sealant. It is not allowed to join KNAUF supersheets on racks adjacent to door frame Expansion joints are installed in partitions no more than every 8-10 m with the obligatory repetition of expansion joints of enclosing structures.

Joints of KNAUF supersheets with a folded edge are made without gaps, and with a straight edge - with a gap of 5-7 mm. Gypsum fiber sheets are attached to the rack profile end-to-end along the longitudinal seam edge (FC) in accordance with the design spacing of the racks. In multiples of the pitch of the frame posts, the sheathing sheets are shifted (“spacing”) relative to each other and relative to the opposite side of the frame. End joints in single-layer sheathings are made on inserts. First, folds about 30 mm wide and about 2 mm deep are removed from the straight edges of the gypsum plasterboard using a universal selected plane. In multi-layer sheathing, inserts are not required. The spacing of transverse joints in adjacent sheets and between layers of sheathing must be at least 400 mm.

To attach gypsum fiber sheets to the frame, piercing or drilling self-tapping screws with a 10 mm countersink are used. The screw heads should be recessed into the gypsum plasterboard to a depth of about 1 mm. Bent or incorrectly screwed screws must be removed and replaced with new ones at a distance of about 50 mm from the previous ones. The screw installation pitch is 250 mm for single-layer sheathing (screw L = 30 mm). In two-layer sheathings, this step is: for the first layer - 750 mm (screw L = 30 mm), for the second - 250 mm (screw L = 45 mm). In three-layer sheathings, the screw installation pitch is equal to: for the first layer - 750 mm (screw L = 30 mm), for the second layer - 500 mm, screw L = 45 mm), for the third layer - 250 mm (screw L = 55 mm). It is recommended to complete multi-layer cladding within one day.

In the design of the C361 partition, the end joints are made with a gap of 5-7 mm on an insert made of PN or PS metal profiles or wooden blocks, or an insert is made from a KNAUF supersheet strip about 100 mm wide.

In the designs of partitions C363/367 (with three-layer cladding), the pitch of the screws is: for the first layer - 750 mm, for the second - 500 mm, for the third - 250 mm.

In the design of the C367 partition, steel sheets 0.5 mm thick are installed between layers of “KNAUF supersheets” with an overlap of adjacent panels of at least 100 mm. Steel sheets are fixed in the design position with several self-tapping screws.

Puttying and surface finishing

Before puttying, the edges of the GVL are treated with Tiefengrund primer. GVL joints and screw recesses are puttied with Fugenfüller GV or Uniflot putty.

For finishing the surfaces of gypsum fiber sheets for high-quality painting, the easily sandable putty composition “Finish-Paste” is used.

Puttying of the joints of the sheets of the first and second layers, as well as the places where the screws of the first layer are installed, is carried out at a stable temperature and air humidity corresponding to the operating mode. The temperature in the room when carrying out puttying work should not be lower than 10 °C.

The joints of the outer cladding of the partition are reinforced with paper reinforcing tape (serpyanka), which is pressed into a previously applied layer of putty. After the first layer of putty has dried, a covering layer and, if necessary, a finishing layer are applied. In multilayer sheathing, reinforcement of the joints of sheathing sheets of the inner layers is not necessary.

The resulting external corners of the partitions greater than 90° are protected from mechanical damage with the help of a protective aluminum corner profile, which is embedded in a previously applied layer of putty.

The dividing tape is attached to adjacent structures before covering the partitions. After filling the gaps between the sheathing and the dividing tape, the excess tape is cut off.

The end joints of KNAUF supersheets are sealed without the use of reinforcing tape. After puttying the joints and places where screws are attached, the surface must be processed using a manual grinding device and remove dust. When preparing the sheathing surface for finishing, after removing excess separating tape, the putty surface is sanded as necessary. The priming of the surface of the skins is selected for a specific finishing coating and in accordance with their manufacturers' recommendations.

Surface finishing. In order to normalize moisture adsorption, the surface of the cladding made of KNAUF supersheets should be treated with Tiefengrund primer.

In rooms with high humidity, where there is a possibility of direct water contact with the walls (bathrooms, showers), the junction of the partitions with the enclosing structures and with the base of the floor is sealed with a waterproofing tape of the "Flächendichtband" type, and the surface is treated with a waterproofing mastic of the "Flächendicht" type.

The surface of the cladding made from "KNAUF supersheets" is suitable for any finishing: painting, wallpapering, ceramic tile cladding, decorative plastering.

It is recommended to paint with water-dispersion paints. Lime paints and paints are not allowed to be applied to liquid glass. Before high-quality painting, it is necessary to perform final puttying and sanding of the entire surface of the cladding.

When finishing the surfaces of partitions based on gypsum fiber board, wallpaper of various types can be used. Before gluing the surface of gypsum fiber board, it is recommended to treat the seams between the sheets with Tiefengrund primer. Wallpapering begins after the primer has completely dried.

The surfaces of structures used in rooms with wet conditions are treated with a waterproofing compound of the "Flechendicht" type. The corners are additionally sealed with Flachendichtband sealing waterproofing tape. Holes for pipes are made with an allowance of 1 cm and sealed silicone sealant. The junctions between the walls and between the walls and the floor must be sealed with sealant.

Connecting partitions with communication routes

The construction of the partition frame is carried out only after the installation of all communications has been completed, with the exception of power, low-current electrical and pipe distributions passing through the body of the partitions. In this regard, openings for passing communications should not be indicated on architectural plans in the project.

When pairing partitions with utility routes, in all cases it is necessary to: install partitions in the cavity additional elements frame (framing holes); attach the gypsum board sheathing to the additional transverse elements of the frame; Seal the joint joint along the entire contour with sealant.

When connecting partitions with a fire resistance of 0.5 hours to pipelines with a diameter of more than 60 mm, it is necessary to provide insulation of the pipelines with a casing with a fire resistance of at least 0.5 hours in an area of ​​at least 0.5 m from the plane of the partitions.

It is recommended to install the casing before installing the partitions. The design of the casing and the consumption of materials are determined in a specific project in accordance with the thermal insulation for pipelines adopted in the project. When crossing partitions with a pipeline with a diameter of less than 60 mm, installation of an additional frame and casing is not required.

At the junction of the partition with water supply, steam and water heating pipelines, it is necessary to install a sleeve made of fireproof materials, which ensures free movement of pipes when the coolant temperature changes. The edges of the sleeves should be flush with the surfaces of the partitions, and 30 mm above the surface of the finished floor. When passing pipelines in groups, a common casing is allowed. The sealing of gaps and holes in places where pipelines are laid should be done with non-combustible materials, ensuring the standardized fire resistance limits of partitions (SNiP 2.04.05.-91*). When installing partitions, they are not allowed to be adjacent to pipelines.

Power and low-current wiring in the cavity of partitions is carried out according to specific projects. The location of installation boxes, the choice of the type of pipes, wires, and cables are determined when developing a specific project.

In partitions, for quick and convenient installation, it is recommended to use internal electrical boxes, socket boxes, and junction boxes for hollow walls that have a certificate of conformity. Installing boxes in a partition opposite each other is prohibited. The minimum permissible displacement is 150 mm in clearance.

To preserve the soundproofing and fire-technical characteristics of the partitions, it is necessary to protect the back side of the box, intended for the installation of electrical equipment: the insulating layers must be left, and they are compressed to a total thickness of 30 cm; covered with gypsum mortar 20 mm thick) or covered with a box of strips of gypsum fiber sheets.

Fastening attachments and various objects to partition systems

During the operation of partitions, it becomes necessary to attach various attachments or interior items to them.

Light loads (weighing up to 35 kg) such as paintings, photographs, shelves are hung directly on gypsum fiber sheets using hooks or special dowels.

Fastening of elements weighing up to 35 kg per 1 linear. m along the length of the partition with the center of gravity removed at a distance of no more than 30 cm from the sheathing surface, can be done at any point of the partition using special anchor products, plastic or metal dowels. The possibility of using one or another fastening is determined by its bearing capacity and type of partition.

When securing an object at several points, the minimum distance between the fastening points in “cm” should not exceed the distance corresponding to the force in “kg” per one fastener. For example, when attaching an element weighing 6 kg at two points, the distance between the points should not exceed 3 cm.

Permissible loads on dowels

Elements weighing from 35 to 70 kg per 1 linear. m along the length of the partition with the center of gravity located at a distance of no more than 30 cm from the surface of the cladding, they can also be suspended in any part of the partition. In this case, it is necessary that the total thickness of the layers of gypsum fiber sheets be at least 20 mm. To determine the maximum load (elastic tension) on the dowel, the formula is used.

For securing loads weighing from 70 to 150 kg per 1 linear. m"KNAUF" offers complete systems partitions made of gypsum fiber sheets.

Fastening of stationary attachments (washbasins, wall-mounted toilets, bidets, showers, electrical panels, wall-mounted fire cabinets, etc.), as well as elements weighing more than 70 kg, is carried out using special traverses or embedded products (from strip or profile "PS") attached to the vertical engineering posts of the frame.

Safety and quality control

Installation of partitions should be carried out in compliance with the requirements of SNiP 12-03-99 “Labor safety in construction. Part 1. General requirements"and SNiP III-4-80* "Safety in construction".

Persons at least 18 years of age who have undergone workplace instruction in safety precautions, industrial sanitation, and trained in work techniques are allowed to install partitions. training centers KNAUF or in construction lyceums with special courses in “dry” finishing and having the appropriate certificates and diplomas.

Workers must be provided with special clothing and equipment personal protection.

The installation of partitions is carried out only if construction organizations have special tool, which provides mechanization of the process of assembling the metal frame of partitions, tools for attaching plasterboard to it, as well as tools for sealing joints, applying a putty layer and other work.

The equipment, fixtures and fixtures for installation of structures used during the work must meet the safety conditions for performing the work. When installing partitions, inventory collapsible mobile scaffolds should be used. When the height of the working floor is 1.3 m or more, it is necessary to install protective fences with a height of at least 1.2 m.

The area where partitions are being installed must be marked with clearly visible warning signs “No entry, installation in progress.”

Workers with first-class qualifications are allowed to work with power tools. qualification group on safety precautions when operating electrical installations. Before handing over a power tool to a worker, it is necessary to check that the grounding wire is in good condition and that there is no short circuit to the housing.

The power tool must satisfy following requirements: quickly turn on and off from the mains (but not spontaneously); to be safe to operate, all live parts must be well insulated.

Before starting to work with a power tool, the worker must receive instructions on safe methods of working with power tools; check the serviceability of personal protective equipment; inspect and test the instrument while moving.

When installing partitions made of plasterboard sheets, it is prohibited:
- work with power tools from ladders;
- transfer the power tool to other persons;
- disassemble and repair power tools yourself;
- hold on to the power supply cable when working;
- leave a power tool connected to the electrical network unattended.

When working with a mounting piston gun, it is mandatory to comply with the requirements of the “Safety Instructions for the operator working with a mounting piston gun PC-52-1 on construction Glavmosstroy facilities.

Quality control during acceptance of installed partitions of the KNAUF system

When accepting installed partition structures, it is necessary to draw up certificates for hidden work: installation of the frame, laying of power and low-current wiring, laying the insulating layer, sealing gypsum board joints, etc.

It is mandatory to check the absence of cracks, tears in the cardboard, broken corners, and stability of the corners. The screw heads should be recessed into the sheets to a depth of about 1 mm. The differences between adjacent sheets should not exceed 0.5 mm, and the gap between adjacent sheets should not exceed 1 mm. The surface of the mounted gypsum plasterboard partition must be flat, smooth, free from dirt and oil stains.

The installation and fastening of overhead protective elements on all external corners and open ends. The sealing of all interfaces between partitions and building structures: the putty must be laid without breaks along the entire interface contour to the entire depth of the joint.

Finished finishing coatings made from plasterboard sheets must comply technical requirements SNiP 3.04.01-87.

The surface of the gypsum plasterboard must have deviations and irregularities that do not exceed those for high quality plaster:
- deviations vertically or horizontally should not exceed 1 mm per 1 m;
- uneven surfaces of a smooth outline per 4 m2 - no more than two, with a depth (height) of up to 2 mm;
- deviations of window and door slopes, pilasters, etc. - no more than 3 mm for the entire height of the room;
- the deviation of the radius of curved surfaces checked with a pattern from the design value (for the entire element) should not exceed 5 mm.

GCR coatings should not be unsteady; when lightly tapped with a wooden hammer, cracks should not appear in the putty joints between the gypsum boards; Allowable sag in joints should not exceed 1 mm.

The sealed joints between gypsum boards should not be noticeable, and adjacent sheets should be in a single plane; there should be no cavities, kinks, cracks, or sagging of putty solution on the surface.

Control for all types of requirements - measuring, at least five measurements per 50-70 m² of coating surface or on the area of ​​individual areas identified by continuous visual inspection. Based on the inspection results, an acceptance certificate is drawn up.

Acceptance inspection of partitions must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 3.04.01-87. At the same time, the following is checked: the correct assembly of the partition (compliance with the project); reliability of fastening of the casing to the frame; pairing the partition with construction structures (putty must be laid without gaps along the entire contour of the junctions to the full depth of the joints); no instability of partitions; absence of cracks, damage and sagging of putty solution on the surface of the cladding.

Control for all groups of requirements is measuring, at least five measurements per 50-70 m² of coating surface or on the area of ​​individual areas identified by continuous visual inspection. Based on the inspection results, an acceptance certificate is drawn up.

Installed partition structures should be accepted step by step or section by section with the execution of appropriate acts for hidden work (installation of the frame, laying of power and low-current wiring, laying of a soundproofing layer, sealing of sheet joints, etc.).

Frame partitions made of plasterboard (GKL) or gypsum fiber (GVL) sheets quick and easy to install with your own hands. There is no need to pay for the work of installation specialists and minimum costs for finishing, they make these partitions are the most inexpensive - cheap.

A frame partition is a structure made of steel profiles or wooden blocks with plasterboard or gypsum fiber sheets screwed on both sides in one or two or three layers.

The space between the sheathing sheets is filled with mineral wool for sound insulation purposes.

These partitions are lightweight, quick to install and, with appropriate design, provide a level of sound insulation that meets the standard, and even more.

Frame partitions in most cases provide better sound insulation than partitions made of stone masonry materials of the same thickness. As a result, the device, instead of internal walls made of stone materials, frame partitions allows increase the space in the house.

Soundproofing partition on a single metal frame with two-layer cladding on both sides. 1 - gypsum board sheathing sheets (GSP, GVL); 2 — galvanized steel guide profile PN 50x40 (75x40, 100x40); 3 — rack profile PS 50x50 (75x50, 100x50); 4 - slabs of acoustic mineral wool; 5 - self-tapping screws; 6 - putty; 7 — reinforcing tape; 8 - dowel-nail; 9 — sealing tape;

Plasterboard partitions are installed after the construction of the house frame is completed, already under the roof. If the premises have not dried out from construction moisture and in rooms with high humidity, moisture-resistant gypsum sheets should be used for cladding.

Due to its low weight (20-50 kg/m2), partitions can be placed on the ceiling anywhere.

Partition thickness on a metal frame made of a standard profile can be from 7.5 cm. up to 15 cm.(on profile 10 cm. with double skin).

Various communications can be placed inside the partition frame. For the passage of pipes and wires in protective shells, holes are cut in the frame profiles. Some manufacturers produce profiles with ready-made holes for the passage of communications. The width of the frame profile should be slightly larger than the diameter of the pipes. The pipes must be covered with a layer of sound insulation.

For covering the partition frame in wet areas- bathrooms, laundry rooms, boiler rooms, or in unheated - garages, basements, use moisture-resistant plasterboard (GKLV) or gypsum fiber (GVLV) sheets.

The sound insulation of frame or hollow partitions increases with the mass and density of the sheathing material, as well as the width and sound-absorbing properties of the air gap between the sheathing.

The sound insulation of walls with windows or doors is practically determined by the sound insulation of the openings, which is usually lower than that of the blind part of the fence. Focus your efforts on increasing the sound insulation of doors, and then select a partition design with adequate sound insulation capacity.

The set of rules, SP 51.13330.2011 “Protection from noise”, establishes the following regulatory indices of airborne noise insulation of walls and partitions of residential premises Rw, dB(decibel), not less:

Specified standards are established for the mid-frequency range air noise 100 – 3150 Hz. To protect against low-frequency sounds, such as a home theater subwoofer, you need more powerful sound insulation that works specifically in the low-frequency noise range.

To ensure the necessary sound insulation of frame partitions, the following measures are taken:

1. Sheathing the frame with a double or even triple layer of sheets on one, or better yet, both sides improves the sound insulation of the partition. Gypsum fiber sheets are heavier, so sheathing made from this material dampens sound better.
2. Higher sound insulation will be found in frame partitions lined with massive but flexible sheet materials. Therefore, plasterboard (or gypsum fiber) sheets (density 850-1000 kg/m 3) is preferable to chipboard, MDF, OSB boards (density 700-750 kg/m 3).
3. The space of the frame between the sheathing sheets is filled with sound-absorbing mineral wool slabs. Soundproofing slabs can be thinner than the width of the frame profile. The presence of some air gap between the slabs and the sheathing increases sound insulation at low frequencies. However, it is necessary to ensure the continuity of the sound-absorbing layer of slabs. Every hole or crack is an excellent conductor of sound. Special sound-absorbing slabs made of acoustic mineral wool provide an increase in sound insulation of frame partitions, depending on their design, by 5-8 dB. The use of arbitrary insulation materials in soundproofing structures leads to a much smaller effect or does not have any effect on sound insulation at all.
4. The racks and guide profiles of the frame are attached to the walls and ceilings through a soundproofing elastic tape, which prevents sounds from transferring to the partition.
5. The partition is performed on two independent frames only with external cladding, with installation of sound-absorbing mineral wool slabs and the air gap between them according to the diagram shown below in the figure - w115.
6. Sound insulation of a frame partition made of gypsum plasterboard on two independent frames 2x50 mm always higher than a partition on one frame with a width of 100 mm.

1) acoustic mineral wool AcoustCWool Concept (54 kg/m 3 ±10%, NG) is used as a sound-absorbing layer; 3) sound insulation of the original partition w111 is Rw = 41 dB; 4) w115 - two independent frames with a gap of 50 mm.

For comparison — brick partitions, made from solid ceramic bricks, plastered on both sides, have the following noise insulation index values:

• wall with two bricks (thickness with plaster 530 mm) - Rw = 60 dB;
• wall with one brick (thickness with plaster 280 mm) - Rw = 54 dB;
• half-brick wall (thickness with plaster 150 mm) - Rw = 47 dB.
• the same in half a brick from hollow ceramic bricks - Rw = 37 dB.
• half-brick wall sand-lime brick— Rw=52 dB.
• block wall cellular concrete thickness with plaster 180 mm.— Rw=44 dB.

Many people ask the question about why is the difference in Rw so small? for different partition design options?

The fact is that the sensitivity of the human ear decreases as the power of sound radiation increases. For example, if the power of sound radiation increases approximately 10 times, then a person will perceive such an increase in sound volume only twice. Sound level unit dB(decibel) is a relative value that reflects this dependence. Difference 2 dB means that the sound volume for a person will change twice, while the power of sound radiation will change approximately 10 times.

Installation of a plasterboard partition

Choose the width metal profile frame, material and number of cladding layers depending on required level sound insulation, as well as the diameter of communication pipes inside the partition.

The standard width of the metal frame profile is 50; 75; or 100 mm. Plasterboard sheets for cladding partitions, it is recommended to choose a thickness of 12.5 mm., gypsum fiber – at least 10 mm.

Sheathing made from gypsum fiber sheets is more durable and “quiet,” moisture- and fire-resistant than plasterboard. However, gypsum fiber sheets are heavier and more expensive, and finishing a gypsum fiber partition is more difficult to complete.

It is better to choose mineral wool sound-absorbing boards with a width equal to the distance between the frame posts plus 1-2 cm. so that the slabs fit tightly between the racks. The thickness of the sound insulation slabs should not exceed the width of the frame profile, otherwise the sheathing may swell over time.

The figure shows a partition with a sound insulation coefficient Rw = 53-55 dB. : 1 - soundproofing elastic tape under the ceiling profile; 2 - frame post made of profile 75 wide mm.; 3 - soundproof elastic tape under the profile on the wall; 4 - slabs of acoustic mineral wool with a thickness of 50 mm.; 5 — concrete screed floating floor; 6 — floating floor soundproofing slabs; 7 - soundproof elastic tape; 8 - sheathing made of two layers of plasterboard or gypsum fiber sheets; 9 - soundproof elastic tape under the profile on the ceiling;

Acoustic mineral wool slabs 50 thick mm. stacked between frame posts with a width of 75 mm. with offset - one slab is pressed against one side of the partition, and the next slab is pressed against opposite side partitions.

Installation of the partition begins with marking the boundaries on the lower ceiling or floor. Using a plumb line, the boundaries of the partitions are transferred to the walls and ceiling. Then the frame guide profiles are attached to the floor and ceiling using dowels. Dowel pitch no more than 1000 mm.

Rack profiles are similarly attached to adjacent walls. Do not forget between the profiles and the surface of the walls and ceilings of the building lay soundproofing tape made of cork, polyurethane or other elastic material.

Rack profiles are inserted into the guide profiles on the floor and ceiling and secured with self-tapping screws in increments that are a multiple of the width of the sheathing sheets - but not more than 600 mm. When used for sheathing 9.5-thick plasterboard mm. in one layer, as well as in places experiencing increased loads, it is recommended to reduce the pitch of the racks to 300 - 400 mm.

Between the rack profiles above the doorways and at the joints of the sheathing sheets, horizontal frame profiles are additionally installed. The joints of single-layer sheathing sheets, both vertical and horizontal, must be located on the frame profile.

Rack profiles along the doorway are reinforced by inserting them inside the box section of the profile wooden block or another profile.

Sheathing sheets are attached to the frame profile with self-tapping screws in increments of 20-25 cm. over the entire area of ​​the sheet, and not just along the edges. For the first layer of double cladding, the screw pitch is increased to 60 cm. The joints of the slabs are spaced apart. Self-tapping screws must be spaced from the edge of the sheet at a distance of at least 10-15 mm. In this case, the screws in two adjacent vertical rows (when fastening two sheets on one rack) must be offset vertically by at least 15 mm.

Installation of gypsum board sheets must be done in the same direction with open part rack profile, which ensures that the screws are installed primarily closer to the wall, and when attaching an adjacent sheet, the screw being screwed in will not bend the profile flange inward.

The screws must enter the plasterboard at right angles and penetrate the metal frame profile to a depth of at least 10 mm. The screw heads must be buried into the board to a depth of at least 1 mm without damaging the cardboard.

A gap of 5 should be left between the sheathing and the ceiling mm., and between the casing and the floor - 10 mm. Joints of plasterboard and gypsum fiber sheets with a seam edge are made without gaps, and with a straight edge - a gap of 5-7 mm. In three-layer sheathing, sheets of the third layer are attached to sheets of the second layer with self-tapping screws 22 long mm.

To increase the rigidity of the partition and eliminate cracks at the joints, above the doorway, the joint of the sheathing sheets must be placed closer to the middle of the opening, as shown in the figure, where position 1 is the joints of the sheathing sheets; 2 – door opening.

After covering the frame on one side, communications are laid inside the frame, and sound insulation slabs are laid tightly between the racks without gaps. If the thickness of the slabs is less than the width of the frame profile, then the soundproofing material is placed in the grooves of the profiles and secured with liners made of mineral wool slabs, laid between the surface of the slabs and the inner flange of the profile.

The soundproofing board can also be glued to the inside of the partition sheathing.

Communication pipes and electrical wiring passed through the lining of the partition in elastic sleeves made of porous polyethylene or other elastic materials that do not allow the formation of through cracks during temperature movement of the pipes. Where pipes pass through the partition, the layer of sound-absorbing filler should not be interrupted - pipes should be covered with soundproofing slabs at least on one side.

Electrical wires and cables are placed in the voids of the partition between the sheathing sheets in such a way that to avoid damage to the insulation sharp edges of cut frame steel or screws when attaching the sheathing. After this, the second side of the frame is sheathed.

The results of work on installing a soundproofing partition may be unsatisfactory if you are careless and leave even small holes and cracks unfilled soundproofing material. Particularly often, defects in the sound insulation layer occur at the junctions of the partition with walls, ceilings and door frames, as well as at installation sites electrical boxes and the passage of communications.

Interface, connection of frame partitions with other house structures

The pairing of two partitions at an angle of 90 degrees should be done as shown in the figure. This solution provides better sound insulation between adjacent rooms.

To ensure good sound insulation in rooms with plasterboard partitions It is recommended to install a floating floor.

The parts of the floating floor are connected to the ceiling and partition structures only through elastic soundproofing elements. Thanks to this, the floating floor does not transmit impact noise to adjacent rooms and serves as a barrier to airborne noise.

The picture above shows options for connecting a floating bathroom floor (right) and a room (left) to a plasterboard partition.

Finishing a plasterboard partition

The joints of plasterboard sheets with a profiled edge and the junctions with the walls are filled with special gypsum putty. A fiberglass mesh reinforcing tape is embedded into the layer of putty along the joint.

The recesses in the places where the self-tapping screws are installed are also filled with putty. After the putty has dried, the surface of the joints is sanded. Provided the joints are carefully finished, the entire surface of the sheets does not need to be puttied.

Walls sheathed with sheets with a rectangular edge, after sealing the joints, are covered with a continuous layer (2-3 mm.) finishing putty. To fill joints the putty recommended by the manufacturer should be used purchased plasterboards. Manufacturers select the composition of the putty in such a way that, if the technology for installing the structure and sealing the seams is followed, the joint will be strong and durable.

You should not use materials that are not intended for this purpose for filling joints, for example, compositions for thin-layer finishing surface filling. Under no circumstances should such a replacement be made, since such compositions do not have sufficient strength - subsequently the seams will almost certainly crack.

At the corners of the partitions, a special metal corner profile, which strengthens the corner.

It should be taken into account that microcracks may appear over time at the joints of sheets, which are difficult to disguise by painting. Therefore, for finishing plasterboard partitions, it is safer to use wallpaper, tiles or other types of finishing that are not sensitive to microcracks in the base.

Soundproofing panels instead of drywall

It was noted above in the article that covering the frame with a double or even triple layer of sheets on one, or better yet, on both sides improves the sound insulation of the partition. Moreover, it is more effective to use multi-layer and massive cladding sheets.

Soundproofing panel thickness 12 mm. from corrugated cardboard. The cavities in the panel are filled with vibration-compacted quartz sand.

Soundproofing panels made of special corrugated cardboard have appeared on the construction market, which are convenient and profitable to use for cladding frame partitions as a bottom layer. The panels are sold under different brands.

The panel design contains alternating layers of materials with different acoustic properties. This ensures multiple reflection and scattering of sound waves. The friction of grains of sand under the influence of sound waves further reduces the sound energy.

The large weight of soundproofing panels allows them to effectively reduce noise, including at low frequencies.

Dimensions of one panel 1200 x 800 (600) mm., thickness 8-22 mm. and weight 10.5 - 21 kg. Panels are easy to saw hand saw or power tools. When sawing, slight spillage of filler may occur. The edge of the cut is covered with construction tape. Weight of panel thickness 12 mm. equal to 19.6 kg.(19,7 kg/m2)

Soundproofing a frame partition with soundproofing panels made of corrugated cardboard

The panels are fixed to the frame using self-tapping screws. After installation, the joints of the panels are puttied and taped. Drywall sheets are glued to the panels with mounting adhesive in increments of 300 x 300 mm. and additionally attach directly to panels self-tapping screws in increments of 400 mm.

The figure shows the frequency response of sound insulation of a frame partition. Light green shows the characteristics of a partition made of PS 50/50 profile with the frame filled with acoustic mineral wool and sheathed with 12.5-thick plasterboard sheets mm. in one layer on each side. The dark green color shows an increase in the sound insulation of the partition if the partition is sheathed on one side with sheets in two layers. Moreover, as the bottom layer, use soundproofing panels made of corrugated cardboard with a thickness of 12 mm.

Watch the educational film “Installation of a plasterboard partition.”

Besides, You can view and download:

• Guide to the installation of soundproofing partitions, floors, ceilings and cladding Knauf - ;
• Guidelines for installing plasterboard partitions on a metal frame -;
• Guide to installing plasterboard partitions on a wooden frame -.

Materials for frame partitions in your city

Dry construction materials

How to attach various objects to a frame partition

You can drive a nail or screw a self-tapping screw into a sheet of plasterboard sheathing. This mount will support the weight of a painting or mirror weighing up to 0.5 kg.

If you attach a hook to the sheathing with two self-tapping screws, then, depending on the thickness of the sheathing layer, you can hang an object weighing 2-6 kg on the hook. the distance between adjacent screws must be at least 30mm.

Expandable dowel at the top and DRIVA screw dowel at the bottom

To fasten heavier objects, such as bookshelves, to the casing, expandable or spiral dowels are used. There is no need to drill a hole for the spiral dowel. It screws directly into the sheathing sheet.

Permissible point load on a special anchor embedded in a sheet of plasterboard is no more than 20 kg. or 60 kg. for two-layer sheathing.

For installing heavier objects on the partition in the places where they are attached should be installed additional profile frame or between adjacent frame posts, a plywood panel is fixed under the cladding (for example, for attaching a wall-mounted boiler, heating boiler or washbasin).

Folding butterfly dowels embedded in a sheet of plasterboard can withstand point loads of up to 30 kg.

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Noise insulation. Soundproofing. Acoustic. Acoustic. Vibration isolation. Noise-absorbing, vibration-acoustic. Vibration resistant. Vibration-absorbing. Vibration dampening. Viscoelastic. GKL. Metal profile. Drywall

Among piece finishing materials, gypsum fiber boards for walls stand out. They are in many ways similar to dry plaster, but differ in operational characteristics. We will explain later in the article how such slabs are cut, how they are prepared for installation and attached to the wall.

Gypsum fiber boards - types and advantages of the material

There are two types of gypsum fiber sheets (GVL), the difference between them lies in the manufacturing method and properties. Some are suitable for rooms with high humidity, while others cover other walls. Moisture-resistant sheets (GVLV) have impregnations that protect products from water and steam. Their area of ​​application is unheated rooms, bathrooms, kitchens. Non-moisture resistant GVL are used in dry rooms.

The basis of the boards is gypsum - a rather brittle material, therefore, to increase strength, cellulose and reinforcing additives are additionally used in production. GVL for walls differs from plasterboard: during its production there is no cardboard covering. The strength of gypsum plasterboard is much greater than that of drywall. In many cases, gypsum fiber boards are simply irreplaceable, especially in unheated rooms. They do not lose their properties when subjected to repeated freezing and defrosting.

Among other advantages of GVL, increased fire resistance is noted. Covering wooden walls with gypsum fiber boards increases their fire safety. The material contains no impurities harmful to human health. Fungi and mold do not find a nutrient medium in them, and rodents are also not interested in them. The products are very durable, warm to the touch, insulate sounds well, and protect against heat loss.

GVL comes in standard and small format sizes. Standard 2500×1200 mm, 10 or 12 mm thick. Small format ones are made 1500x1000 mm of the same thickness. They are convenient in small spaces: bathroom, toilet. On the reverse side there is a marking indicating the properties of the product. The letter A in the marking indicates high quality.

These products are supplied to the market by many enterprises producing building materials. You should choose products from well-known manufacturers. Visual inspection will also help you get an idea of ​​the product. The surface must be undamaged and free from unevenness. You should buy from stores that have dry warehouses where the goods have been stored under proper conditions.

Among other advantages of gypsum fiber boards, the following should be noted:

• construction defects and communications are hidden under them;
• pressed sheets are very strong and tough, nails and screws are securely attached to them;
• the material can be processed with carpentry tools like wood;
• the surface is painted, wallpapered, tiled.

GVL can be used in any premises, regardless of the condition of the surfaces or the material used. This is an alternative to wet plaster: environmentally friendly, durable, beautiful, requiring a minimum of time and effort during installation.

How to cut gypsum fiber boards correctly - the necessary tools

Many people believe that the material for installation should be prepared in the same way as drywall. This is not entirely true. Despite the same basis, their properties differ. GVL, despite its strength, is fragile, so its processing technology is different. For cutting use:

• a hacksaw for gypsum fiber boards, which produces almost no dust;
• thick construction knife with many spare blades that will have to be constantly changed;
• shoe knife;
• grinder or circular saw, which are used to cut sheets very quickly;
• jigsaw with wood saw, pitch 4 mm.

When cutting with a jigsaw and grinder, a lot of dust is generated. For protection, use a respirator and goggles, and the sheets are moistened with water.

Cutting is carried out carefully and carefully to avoid injury from sharp and dangerous tools. First, the sheet is marked, then, according to a ruler or rule, cuts are made several times with a knife. The depth of the cuts should reach ⅔ of the thickness of the slab. A ruler is placed from below, a piece of sheet is sharply pulled up, and the slab is broken along the line.

The sheets usually have a smooth edge, which does not create difficulties when joining them. If there is a need to adjust the edges, it is convenient to work with a plane. To make a fold, use a shoe cutter or chisel. If there is a lot of work, use a router with slot cutter 3–4 mm.

Installation without a frame - all the nuances of the process

GVL can be installed without a frame. It is preferable to carry out installation before laying the finishing flooring. The sheets are kept in a room for two to three days at a temperature of +10° and above; the thermal regime must be maintained throughout the entire operation. It is also important to prevent changes in humidity.

Assess the condition of the walls. If the surface peels off, partially or completely remove the plaster depending on the area of ​​the problem surface. Apply putty and allow to dry. Whether the wall has been puttied or not, it is checked for unevenness. IN different places apply a ruler and measure the depth of the depressions. Their presence or absence determines how the material will be attached.

If the unevenness is less than 4 mm, they are fixed with gypsum putty. It is applied with a notched trowel along the edges of the slab, then the gypsum fiber is glued to the wall. For unevenness up to 20 mm, use GVL glue. It is applied over the entire sheet, starting from the edges, every 30 centimeters. If the unevenness is up to 40 mm, installation becomes more complicated. First, strips of sheets 10 cm wide are attached to the glue, and then the sheets themselves are glued to them using gypsum putty. The slabs are leveled along a stretched cord, tapping with a mallet.

Before installation, the walls are primed. While the primer dries, you can prepare the gypsum fiber boards. They are cut to size and holes are made for the outlet of electrical appliances. The surface of the walls is marked using a tape measure and a cord breaker, and the installation locations of the slabs are indicated. It should be remembered that the bottom edge of the sheet should not reach 10 mm to the floor. Then these gaps are closed with sections of gypsum plasterboard.

Installation of gypsum fiber board on a frame

Metal profiles or wooden slats 75×25 mm are used. First, prepare the walls by removing the peeling coating. The use of the frame method eliminates the preparation of walls from preliminary operations. Many experts, however, advise pre-plastering the walls.

Applying building level, plumb line, markings are applied indicating the installation locations of the profile. Vertical posts and jumpers are installed at the junction points and the spaces between them in increments of 40 cm. A metal frame is preferable wooden slats. The profiles are installed on brackets and secured with self-tapping screws or dowels. The racks are pasted over sealing tape, which will increase sound insulation. The length of the risers is minus 10 mm from the height of the room.

It is better to finally fix the racks after checking the compliance with the joints of the slabs.

The gypsum fiber material begins to be attached from the corner in a perpendicular manner. Fix with 40 mm self-tapping screws for gypsum plasterboard if the material thickness is standard. In any case, the screws should enter the body 20 mm. The caps are recessed by 2 mm. A small gap of 5–7 mm is left between the sheets. The space between the gypsum plasterboard and the wall can be insulated using, for example, mineral wool.

Adding beauty to the walls - finishing the surface

Before finishing, the surface is prepared with the main purpose of sealing the joints. them, as well as internal corners reinforced with special paper tape. Some craftsmen do not recommend reinforcement. A little universal putty is applied to the seams, tape is applied on top and pressed in a little.

Joints should not be reinforced with nylon mesh or fiberglass tape.

After drying, the seam is covered with a layer of putty and leveled with the base. The heads of the screws must be puttied too. Aluminum perforated corners are attached to the outer corners with putty. Then this place is also leveled and reduced to the level of the main plane.

Now the putty is prepared in a plastic bucket with a mixer and applied to the surface. A day later, when the putty has dried, they begin to grout the walls with an abrasive mesh or sandpaper. The abrasive material is fixed in special graters. Its graininess depends on the finishing finishing material. For painting, an abrasive of at least size 240 is suitable, for thick wallpaper 60 is enough.

Remove dust with a damp cloth and prime with a roller. The walls are ready for finishing. You can cover it with wallpaper - from paper to textile or tile it. All paints are acceptable except those made with lime, which contain silicates.

Finishing rooms with gypsum fiber sheets has many advantages, which is explained by the excellent characteristics of the material. GVL slabs for walls have a number of parameters that distinguish them from similar types of products. Installation of products can be carried out using several methods and is not particularly difficult, but has some nuances.

GVL is mistakenly put on the same level as drywall, since the materials have different technical specifications. Main product advantages:

1. Strength. This figure is achieved due to the composition of the product: in addition to gypsum, which occupies 80%, the boards contain cellulose fibers - about 20%. This structure allows it to withstand serious mechanical loads and makes it possible to hang interior items on a vertical surface without fear of deformation of the base.
2. Moisture resistance. Gypsum fiber board has two main varieties: regular gypsum fiber boards and special ones - GVLV. It is the second option that is used in rooms with high humidity: bathrooms, corridors, kitchens, loggias. But standard products are also moisture resistant enough to be placed in utility areas with unstable humidity.
3. Frost resistance. Using this material, it is possible to cladding walls in unheated rooms. The resulting coating can withstand up to 14–16 cycles of freezing and thawing without loss of strength.
4. Heat and sound insulation. Gypsum fiber prevents the penetration of extraneous noise and significantly reduces audibility in adjacent rooms. Also, the use of products helps to increase the energy efficiency of a house or apartment.
5. Easy to install. You can cover the walls entirely with your own hands; this does not require special skills or complex equipment.
6. Fire safety. The boards are suitable for installation in rooms with a high risk of fire and evacuation corridors.

Gypsum fiber sheets are aimed at creating durable partitions and coverings, while plasterboard is more suitable for decorative multi-level structures

These indicators are unique to quality material, which has all the necessary certificates of conformity. That is why when choosing products you should give preference to trusted manufacturers.

Sheet sizes

The dimensions of gypsum fiber boards are reflected in the corresponding regulatory documents, for this type of product a special GOST R number 51829-2001 has been developed. Sheets are usually divided into two main categories: small-format and standard. The first option is used primarily for installation on horizontal bases, while the second is excellent for walls.

For work with vertical structures, the following dimensions are used:

• width –120 cm;
• length – 250, 270 and 300 cm;
• thickness - 10 and 12.5 mm, in special cases it is possible to use panels of 15 mm or more.

For the construction of partitions and finishing of residential premises, sheets with a thickness of 12.5 mm are considered the most popular.

Some manufacturers can produce products in other sizes while maintaining the basic parameters.

Note! When choosing, also pay attention to the edge: it can be straight or chamfered. The second variety is preferable, but it is much less common and has a high cost.

Since wall gypsum fiber sheets are subjected to finishing, pay more high price for material with a chamfer it makes no sense

How to attach gypsum fiber board to the wall

Interior work involves two main methods of fixing slabs, each of which has its own characteristics and is suitable for a specific situation.

Frame mounting

This method is used for attaching gypsum fiber boards to foundations that have significant flaws and unevenness. The sheathing can be constructed from wooden beam or metal profile, the choice of material depends on the type of surface. If the walls are concrete or brick, preference is given to a more reliable metal frame. For a wooden base, timber is better suited, but it must be thoroughly dried and treated with protective agents, so this method is used much less frequently.

Installing profiles

For installation of gypsum fiber boards on walls frame method is more preferable. This is explained by the fact that the resulting structure is suitable for additional insulation and hiding communications.

To mount the guides correctly, the following technology is used:

1. The process begins after correcting the defects of the base: it is cleaned of extra items and old coating, which may interfere with work or deform in the future. It is also necessary to seal the cracks.
2. The main work begins with marking. To finish a room with gypsum plasterboard, select a standard profile pitch of 55–60 cm. For accurate calculation The size of the insulation is taken into account to eliminate unnecessary trimming.
3. The installation follows the same pattern as the installation of drywall. The upper and lower guides are set first using a plumb line. Next is the fastening vertical racks on hangers placed depending on the condition of the base in increments of 30 to 45 cm.
4. Jumpers are laid between the racks.

Lathing for sheathing with gypsum fiber board and gypsum board sheets is mounted in exactly the same way

It is necessary to achieve maximum rigidity and reliability of the resulting structure. To do this, the elements are attached to the wall with dowels, and all parts are connected to each other with metal screws.

When arranging sheathing for gypsum fiber boards in apartments and houses, the installation of cross bars is desirable, but not necessary; the strength of the sheets for residential premises is quite sufficient

Paneling

You can install gypsum fiber products on the sheathing according to the following instructions:

GVL is used for cladding partitions, but is not suitable for creating shaped parts of arched structures, since it does not have the necessary elasticity and cannot be processed.

Attention! Screwing in self-tapping screws will require more effort than when laying drywall, so choose an electric screwdriver or drill for the job. Nails can be used instead of screws, but only when creating wooden sheathing.

The arrangement of partitions is carried out according to the same scheme as the finishing of walls, only wall profiles are used for lathing, and insulation is laid in the internal cavities

Fastening with glue or self-tapping screws

The frameless method allows you to level the surface much faster, but is used much less frequently, since it assumes the absence of serious deformations of the base (differences should not exceed 3–4 mm).

You can attach GVL to glue according to the following scheme:

1. The slabs are mounted directly to the wall only after preliminary preparation: it is necessary to completely eliminate small defects and cracks. You should also clean the surface of the old decorative layer, which will not allow the gypsum fiber to be reliably glued.
2. A special glue is selected for the procedure. It is not recommended to use unsuitable formulations; in this case, the result cannot be predicted. The mixture is applied to the wrong side of the material, after which the part is pressed tightly and leveled. Due to the need to form a gap from the floor and ceiling, a gasket is laid underneath.
3. The remaining elements are glued according to the same pattern.

Using gypsum plasterboards mounted on glue, you can quickly level walls with slight curvatures; this method is also called dry plastering

In exceptional situations it is possible to use gypsum fiber board to level out larger differences - up to 3–4 cm. In this case, gypsum fiber should be fixed using a combined method : glue on a putty mixture with additional fixation with self-tapping screws. The composition is applied pointwise or linearly to ensure the alignment of the sheets in relation to each other without the formation of sagging points. Screws are used to align and secure parts together.

For the installation of gypsum fiber finishing, only special compounds should be used, and for dry rooms, gypsum glue is used, and for wet rooms, universal glue is used.

Finishing

The resulting surface can be refined in various ways, but necessarily after preliminary preparation:

1. The joints between adjacent panels are sealed. To do this, the seam is treated with a primer and filled with elastic putty. If work is carried out in a recently erected building, then the sections are strengthened with reinforcing tape. This will avoid the formation of cracks in the future.
2. The seams are rubbed down to level out any unevenness.
3. The surface is completely covered with primer and dried well.

All joints between sheets must be primed, after which they are reinforced with serpyanka and puttied with compounds with increased elasticity

You should know! It is rarely necessary to putty GVL, so further work is carried out much faster.

Decorative finishing is selected depending on the specific situation:

• The easiest way is to stick wallpaper. All varieties are suitable for this, but in the case of joining, the seams should be taped with a special tape, especially when choosing the paper version.
• Painting will require a lot more effort. For work, compositions are purchased for water based, the number of layers depends on the desired result.
• The surface can be tiled. This procedure is no different from standard wall finishing: the glue is applied with a notched trowel, installation is carried out 4-5 rows of elements at a time.

GVL is excellent option for walls, as it provides a durable and reliable base that can be covered with various materials.