Semi-rigid mineral wool boards according to GOST 15588 86. New GOSTs - qualitatively new expanded polystyrene. Determination of flexural strength

GOST 15588-86

(ST SEV 5068-85)

Group G15

STATE STANDARD OF THE UNION OF THE SSR

Styrofoam plates

Specifications

Polystyrene foam boards.

Introduction date 1986-07-01

APPROVED AND INTRODUCED BY Resolution No. 80 of the USSR State Committee for Construction Affairs dated June 17, 1986

INSTEAD OF GOST 15588-70

REPUBLICATION. June 1988

This International Standard applies to expanded polystyrene boards produced by the non-pressing process from slurry expandable polystyrene with or without flame retardant additives.

The plates are intended for thermal insulation as a middle layer of building enclosing structures and industrial equipment in the absence of contact between the plates and the interior. The temperature of the insulated surfaces should not exceed 80 C.

Plates belong to the group of combustible materials.

The standard complies with ST SEV 5068-85 in the part specified in the reference appendix.

1. Types and sizes

1.1. Plates, depending on the presence of a flame retardant, are made of two types:

PSB-S - with flame retardant;

PSB - no flame retardant.

1.2. Plates, depending on the limit value of density, are divided into grades: 15, 25, 35 and 50.

1.3. The nominal dimensions of the slabs shall be:

along the length - from 900 to 5000 mm with an interval of 50 mm;

in width - from 500 to 1300 mm with an interval of 50 mm;

in thickness - from 20 to 500 mm with an interval of 10 mm.

By agreement between the manufacturer and the consumer, it is allowed to manufacture plates of other sizes.

1.4. Maximum deviations from the nominal dimensions should not exceed, mm:

for slabs up to 1000 incl. .............................±5;

" " " over 1000 up to 2000 inclusive................±7.5;

" " " over 2000....................... ±10;

in width

for slabs with width up to 1000 inclusive.........................±5;

" " " over 1000 .......................... ± 7.5;

by thickness

for slabs up to 50 thickness .............................±2;

" " " over 50.......................±3.

1.5. The symbolic designation of the plates should consist of a letter designation of the type of plate, brand, dimensions in length, width and thickness in millimeters and the designation of this standard.

An example of a symbol for plates made of expanded polystyrene with the addition of flame retardant grade 15, 900 mm long, 500 mm wide and 50 mm thick:

PSB-S -15 -900x500x50 GOST 15588-86

The same, expanded polystyrene boards without flame retardant grade 15, 900 mm long, 500 mm wide and 50 mm thick:

PSB-15 -900x500x50 GOST 15588-86

2. Technical requirements

2.1. Plates must be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of this standard and according to the technological regulations approved in the prescribed manner.

2.2. Expandable polystyrene containing a blowing agent (isopentane or pentane) and residual monomer (styrene) is used for the manufacture of boards.

Polystyrene used for the manufacture of plates must meet the requirements of the regulatory and technical documentation for the specified material.

2.3. On the surface of the plates, bulges or depressions with a length of more than 50 mm, a width of more than 3 mm and a height (depth) of more than 5 mm are not allowed. In plates, blunting of edges and corners with a depth of not more than 10 mm from the top of a right angle and bevels on the sides of blunted corners with a length of not more than 80 mm are allowed.

2.4. Plates must have the correct geometric shape. The deviation from flatness of the edge of the slab should not be more than 3 mm per 500 mm of the length of the edge.

Diagonal difference should not exceed, mm:

for slabs up to 1000 length ...............................5

" " " over 1000 to 2000 ........................7

" " " over 2000.......................13

2.5. Indicators of physical and mechanical properties of the plates must comply with the standards specified in the table.

Name of indicator	Norm for slab grades


Density, kg/cu.m.		15.1 to 25.0	25.1 to 35.0	35.1 to 50.0	15.1 to 25.0	25.1 to 35.0	35 to 50.0
Compressive strength at 10% linear deformation, MPa, not less than
Bending strength, MPa, not less than
Thermal conductivity in dry state at (25±5) С, W/(m K), not
Self-burning time of PSB-S slabs, s, no more
Humidity, %, no more
Water absorption for 24 hours, % by volume, no more

2.6. If the plates do not meet at least one of the requirements for a given brand, except for density, they must be assigned to a brand with a lower density.

3. Acceptance rules

3.1. Plates are accepted in batches. The batch must consist of plates of the same type, brand and the same nominal dimensions. The batch size is set in the amount of not more than daily output on one production line.

3.2. The quality of the plates is checked for all indicators established by this standard by conducting acceptance and periodic tests.

3.3. During acceptance tests, they check: linear dimensions, correct geometric shape (deviation from flatness, difference in diagonal lengths), appearance (bluntness of edges and corners, bevels on the sides of blunt corners, bulges or depressions), density, compressive strength at 10% deformation, flexural strength, humidity, water absorption and self-burning time. It is allowed, in agreement with the consumer, to determine water absorption at least once a quarter.

Thermal conductivity is determined periodically when the technology or raw materials used are changed, but at least once every 6 months.

3.4. To check the compliance of the plates with the requirements of this standard in terms of linear dimensions, correct geometric shape and appearance, 10 plates are selected from a batch of up to 200 cubic meters, and 20 plates from a batch of more than 200 cubic meters.

3.5. To check the physical and mechanical parameters, three slabs are selected from 10 or 5 out of 20 slabs that have passed the test according to clause 3.4.

3.6. If the test results are unsatisfactory for at least one of the indicators, a second test is carried out for this indicator of the double number of plates selected from the same batch.

If the results of repeated tests are unsatisfactory, the batch of plates is not subject to acceptance.

For a batch of products that was not accepted based on the results of the control of linear dimensions, the correctness of the geometric shape and appearance, it is allowed to apply continuous control, while the products are controlled according to the indicator for which the batch was not accepted.

4. Test methods

4.1. Plates before the manufacture of test specimens must be aged for at least 3 hours at a temperature of (22 ± 5) C.

Samples are tested in a room with air temperature (22 ± 5) C and relative humidity (50 ± 5)% after their preliminary exposure under the same conditions for at least 5 hours.

4.2. The length and width of the plates are measured with a ruler according to GOST 427-75 in three places: at a distance of 50 mm from the edge and in the middle of the plate. Measurement error - no more than 1.0 mm.

For the length and width take the arithmetic mean of the measurements of the plate.

4.3. The thickness of the plates is measured with a caliper according to GOST 166-80 in 8 places at a distance of 50 mm from the side faces of the plate: 4 points in the middle of the length and width of the plate and 4 points at the corners of the plate at a distance of 50 mm from the intersection of the side faces. Measurement error - no more than 0.1 mm.

The thickness is taken as the arithmetic mean of the plate measurements.

4.4. To determine the difference in diagonals, measure the lengths of two diagonals on the largest edge of the plate with a tape measure according to GOST 7502-80.

The value of the difference between the diagonals of the plate is taken as the measurement result.

4.5. The bluntness of the edges and corners is determined with a measuring tool with an error of not more than 1.0 mm.

4.6. The length, width and height (depth) of the bulges or depressions of the plates are measured with a double-sided caliper with a depth gauge according to GOST 162-80.

4.7. The deviation from the flatness of the plates is determined by applying the edge of the ruler to the edge of the plate and measuring the gaps between the surface of the plate and the edge of the applied ruler with another ruler.

For the indicator of non-flatness of the surface of the plate, the largest of the measured values of the gaps is taken.

4.8. Density determination

The essence of the method is to determine the mass per unit volume of the slab.

4.8.1. Equipment

Scales with an error of no more than 5 g.

Ruler according to GOST 427-75 for measuring length and width.

Caliper according to GOST 166-80 for measuring thickness.

4.8.2. Conducting a test

Slabs selected according to clause 3.5 are weighed with an error of not more than 0.5%. Then the geometric dimensions of the plates are determined in accordance with paragraphs. 4.2 and 4.3.

4.8.3. Results processing

Plate density () is calculated in kilograms per cubic meter according to the formula

		plate weight, kg;
		plate volume, cub.m
		board humidity, %.

The test result is taken as the arithmetic mean of all determinations, rounded up to 0.1 kg/m3.

4.9. Determination of humidity

The essence of the method is to determine the difference in the mass of the sample before and after drying at a given temperature.

4.9.1. Sampling

To determine the moisture content, three samples are cut from the plates selected according to clause 3.5: one from the middle and two at a distance of 50 mm from the edge of the plate. Sample dimensions must be mm. If the thickness of the plate from which the samples are made is less than 50 mm, then the height of the sample is taken equal to the thickness of the plate.

4.9.2. Equipment

Scales with an error of no more than 0.01 g.

Drying cabinet with a heating temperature of up to 100°C and maintaining the set temperature with an error of no more than 2°C.

Desiccator.

Anhydrous calcium chloride.

4.9.3. Conducting a test

The samples are weighed with an error of not more than 0.01 g, dried in an oven at a temperature of (60 ± 2) C for 3 hours, and then cooled in a desiccator with calcium chloride for 0.5 hours, after which the samples are weighed with the same error.

4.9.4. Results processing

The moisture content of the sample in percent is calculated by the formula

		sample weight before drying, g;
		weight of the sample after drying, g.

The test result is taken as the arithmetic mean of parallel determinations of moisture, rounded up to 1.0%.

4.10. Determination of compressive strength at 10% linear deformation

The essence of the method is to determine the magnitude of the compressive force that causes deformation of the sample in thickness by 10% under given test conditions.

4.10.1. Sampling

To determine the compressive strength at 10% linear deformation from the plates selected according to clause 3.5, three mm-sized samples are cut out (one from the middle and two at a distance of 50 mm from the edge of the plate).

If the thickness of the slab from which the samples are made is less than 50 mm, then the height of the samples is assumed to be equal to the thickness of the slab.

It is allowed to use samples on which the moisture content of the plates was determined.

4.10.2 Apparatus

A testing machine that provides load measurement with an error not exceeding 1% of the compressive force, and a constant sample loading rate (5 - 10) mm/min. The testing machine must have a self-aligning support and a clamp displacement measurement system that provides deformation measurement with an error of not more than 0.2 mm.

Metal ruler according to GOST 427-75.

4.10.3. Conducting a test

Measure the linear dimensions of the sample. The sample is then placed on the base plate of the machine in such a way that the compressive force acts along the axis of the sample. The loading of the sample is carried out until a load corresponding to 10% linear deformation is reached, and the loading of the sample is carried out in the direction of the thickness of the plate from which it was sawn. length of the sample, m;

sample width, m

The test result is taken as the arithmetic mean of parallel determinations of the strength of the plates, rounded up to 0.01 MPa.

4.11. Determination of flexural strength

The essence of the method is to determine the magnitude of the bending force of the sample, causing its destruction under specified test conditions.

4.11.1. Sampling

To determine the ultimate strength in bending, two samples of [(250x40x40) ± 1] mm in size are cut from the plates selected according to clause 3.5 (one from the middle and one at a distance of 50 mm from the edge of the plate). If the selected slabs have a thickness of less than 40 mm, then the height of the sample should be equal to the thickness of the slab.

4.11.2. Apparatus, equipment, tools

A testing machine that provides a sample loading rate of (5-10) mm/min and is equipped with a device with a loading indenter and supports having a radius of curvature (6 ± 0.1) mm. The distance between the axes of the supports should be (200±1) mm.

4.11.3. Conducting a test

Before testing, the width and thickness of the sample are measured at least at three points with an error of not more than 0.1 mm.

The sample is placed on supports so that the plane of the sample touches the supports along its entire width, and the ends of the sample extend beyond the axes of the supports by at least 20 mm. In this case, the height of the sample must coincide with the direction of its loading.

At the moment of destruction of the sample, the breaking load is fixed.

4.11.4. Results processing

The flexural strength of the sample in megapascals is calculated by the formula

sample width, m;

sample thickness, m

The test result is taken as the arithmetic mean of parallel determinations of strength, rounded up to 0.01 MPa.

4.12. Thermal conductivity is determined according to GOST 7076-87 on samples cut one from the middle of the plates, selected according to clause 3.5.

4.13. Determining the self-burning time

The essence of the method is to determine the time during which the sample continues to burn after the fire source is removed.

4.13.1. Sampling

To determine the self-burning time, one sample is cut out from the middle of the plates selected according to clause 3.5. Sample dimensions should be [(140x30x10)±1] mm.

4.13.2. Equipment and materials

Desiccator according to GOST 25336-82.

Anhydrous calcium chloride according to TU 6-09-4711-81.

Gas or alcohol burner according to GOST 21204-83.

Stopwatch of the 2nd accuracy class according to GOST 5072-79.

Caliper according to GOST 166-80 or metal ruler according to GOST 427-75.

4.13.3. Conducting a test

Before testing, the samples are dried in an oven at a temperature of (60 ± 2) ° C for 3 hours, then cooled in a desiccator with calcium chloride for 0.5 hours. After that, the sample is fixed in a vertical position on a tripod and kept in a burner flame for for 4 s. The height of the burner flame from the end of the wick should be about 50 mm, and the distance from the sample to the burner wick should be about 10 mm. Then the burner is removed and the stopwatch fixes the time during which the sample continues to burn.

The result is taken as the arithmetic mean of the test results of the samples.

4.14. Determination of water absorption

The essence of the method is to determine the mass of water absorbed by dry material samples after they are completely immersed in distilled water and kept in it for a specified time.

4.14.1. Equipment and materials

Technical scales with a weighing error of not more than 0.01 g.

Drying cabinet with a heating temperature of up to 100°C, ensuring the maintenance of the set temperature with an error of no more than 2°C.

Desiccator according to GOST 25336-82.

The bathtub having mesh support and prigruz.

Anhydrous calcium chloride according to TU 6-09-4711-81.

Distilled water according to GOST 6709-72.

Caliper according to GOST 166-80.

4.14.2. Sampling

To determine the water absorption from the plates selected according to clause 3.5, one sample is cut out in size [(50x50x50) ± 0.5] mm. If the height of the sample is less than 50 mm, then the height of the sample is taken equal to the thickness of the slab. The length, width and thickness of the samples are measured at least at three points with an error of not more than 0.1 mm.

4.14.3. Before testing, the samples are dried at a temperature of (60 ± 2) ° C for at least 3 hours, then cooled in a desiccator for at least 0.5 hours and weighed with an error of 0.01 g.

The samples are placed in the bath on a mesh support and their position is fixed with a mesh weight. Then water with a temperature of (22 ± 5) ° C is poured into the bath so that the water level is at least 20 mm higher than the mesh weight.

24 hours after filling with water, the samples are removed, wiped with filter paper and weighed with an error of not more than 0.01 g.

4.14.4. Processing test results

Water absorption in percent by volume is calculated by the formula

The foam board is an environmentally friendly, non-toxic, heat and sound insulating material that has been used in construction for over 40 years and has proven itself to be the most economical, easy to use and has a low degree of thermal conductivity and vapor permeability. Expanded polystyrene is a neutral material that does not emit any substances harmful to humans and their environment, does not decompose under the influence of microorganisms and does not have a limited shelf life.

Manufactured at the TIS plant: Produced in accordance with GOST - 15588-86, the standard size of the plates is 1000x2000, any thickness in increments of 5 mm. It is also possible to manufacture any products from foam.

we produce plates with a selection of "a quarter" for ease of installation and to avoid cold bridges.

All products come with:

Quality passport, SES conclusion and fire hazard report. Also, the "TIS" plant performed tests of physical and mechanical parameters in UralNIIAS.

Styrofoam is scientifically called expanded polystyrene (abbreviated as PPS) or expanded polystyrene. PPS is used in construction as a sound and heat insulating material.
PPS refers to the so-called monomaterials, i.e. it consists of a material of one type, namely polystyrene. Polystyrene, in turn, is based on the natural substance styrene, which we eat together with strawberries, nuts and other products. Therefore, all over the world PPS is used for packaging and storage of food products. Meat, fish, ice cream and vegetables are often stored in Styrofoam packaging. Expanded polystyrene is safe for health.
PPS has been used in construction for almost 40 years. It is used as protection of premises from cold, heat and extraneous noise.
Most often, PPS in the form of slabs (sheets) is used to insulate buildings.

Saving
In buildings with good thermal insulation, heating costs are 75% less than in buildings without such insulation. Therefore, PPS not only makes the house cozy at any time of the year, but saves money on heating and air conditioning. In addition to all this, PPS has an advantageous price-quality ratio, which also saves money when building a building.

Application
Due to its properties, PPS is used to isolate objects under construction, as well as already built buildings. PPS is used in the construction of private cottages, multi-storey buildings, warm pools, saunas, and refrigeration rooms. In a building, PPS is used to insulate walls (outside, inside and inside), floors, ceilings of the last floor, roofs (pitched and flat).

Properties of slab polystyrene foam and the benefits of using it for residents

With all their diversity, all materials made of expanded polystyrene (EPS), as a rule, have the following properties that cannot but please those who choose insulation for their home, sauna or pool.

thermal insulation
In order to keep your house warm and cozy in winter, and cool in summer, use effective insulation - slab PPS.

Soundproofing
It has been proven that the constant noise (of the city, violent neighbors) is the cause of many nervous disorders. Therefore, for effective soundproofing of walls, floors, roofs, PPS slabs are used.

Durability
Studies conducted for 40 years already show that PPS is indeed a timeless insulating material that does not change its properties (thermal conductivity coefficient, physical and technical parameters and geometric shape).
Sometimes one can come across the opinion that PPS is an unstable material, and that it "oxidizes". PPS is unstable to organic solvents (benzene, toluene, acetone, etc.). Hence there are myths about its disappearance over time. The reason is usually is an inappropriate selection of glue for EPS boards (for example, cold mastics containing organic solvents).In this regard, before covering the insulation layer of expanded polystyrene with roofing felt or other bituminous material, its composition should be checked.

Ease of use

PPS is very convenient to use: it can be easily stored, easy to cut, adjust and assemble, and in addition, it does not pose any health hazard, so there is no need for special protective equipment for builders.

Moisture resistance

Moisture has no effect on PPP. Even when submerged for a long time, it absorbs very little water. This means that during the operation of the PPS insulating layer, its quality practically does not change for a long time. This is very important, as excess moisture can lead to fungal infection and create an unfavorable indoor climate.

Free of fibers and dust

Styrofoam insulation is safe for health, since this material does not contain fibers and does not generate harmful dust, unlike other insulation materials (for example, mineral wool).

Does not change wall color

As practice shows, the use of certain insulating materials leads to a change in the color of the wall cladding. When using PPS, this phenomenon is not observed. Discoloration of materials close to the insulating layer can be caused by washing out of phenol-formaldehyde binders (contained in particular in fibrous materials). Because PPS contains no binders, no formaldehyde is released when it is applied.

biological inertness

If the insulation is not chosen correctly, mold can develop in the house and the air quality can deteriorate significantly. This is because some insulating materials can be attacked by microorganisms. PPS insulation is not afraid of fungi, mold and bacteria.

Safety for health and the environment

Pentane is used to foam polystyrene. Just like other gases - alkanes, such as methane, pentane is constantly formed in the course of natural processes occurring, in particular, in the digestive system of animals. These gases decompose rapidly in the atmosphere.
A certain amount of additives is introduced into expandable polystyrene. Some of them contribute to the formation of expanded polystyrene, which leads to energy savings and improved economic performance of the process, others reduce the flammability of finished products, which is an important condition for the use of expanded polystyrene in construction.
Additives are introduced in very small quantities. All of them are carefully selected, and the production process is carried out in accordance with the requirements that ensure the safety of the material for health and the natural environment during operation.

Savings on heating and air conditioning

In buildings with good thermal insulation, heating costs are 75% less than in buildings without such insulation. Therefore, PPS not only makes the house cozy at any time of the year, but saves money on heating and air conditioning. The money invested in thermal insulation (on average 0.5 - 3.0% of the cost of a new building) pays off in a very short time.

Wide application

Due to its technical properties, PPS is used to isolate objects under construction, as well as for already built buildings. PPS is used in the construction of private cottages, multi-storey buildings, warm pools, saunas, and refrigeration rooms. In a building, PPS is used to insulate walls (outside, inside and inside), floors, ceilings of the last floor, roofs (pitched and flat).

Savings on insulation

Due to the optimal price / quality ratio, the use of slab PPS is more affordable in comparison with other types of thermal insulation (savings reach 15 - 20%).

Extends service life

External thermal insulation prevents significant fluctuations in the temperature of the main wall, limiting stress and, consequently, the formation of cracks.
Often the systems of external thermal insulation of old buildings using slab PPS are the only possible ones.

Benefits of using slab PPS for builders

What is important for a contractor builder when he chooses from various thermal insulation options? The most important thing is that the customer likes the building material. To do this, we advise you to show him this page (link to "Slab PPP: benefits for residents"). For the contractor himself, the main thing is that his workers at the construction site can easily master the technology, quickly complete the work and remain safe and sound. All these requirements are met by slab PPS, namely its use in construction.

Your workers will be able to work without protective equipment

When working with some building materials, it is necessary to use various equipment: protective overalls, gloves, goggles, respirators. Expanded polystyrene is absolutely safe for health: it does not contain fibers, binders (such as some types of mineral wool), which can be dangerous for the eyes, skin and respiratory mucosa. Therefore, when working with it, there is no need for special protective equipment.

Easy to use

Expanded polystyrene has a low volumetric weight, it does not generate dust, is not afraid of moisture, can be easily cut with a hand saw or knife, and is also very simple when mechanically fastened. Therefore, all works on thermal insulation using slab PPS are easily mastered and completed in a short time.

You can take on almost any insulation contract

Any types of roofs (flat, pitched), walls (outside and inside the building, in the cavity of the wall), floors, basements, cold rooms - all these are areas of effective insulation using slab PPS. And for the contractor, this is ample opportunity to attract new customers.

The main consumer properties of polystyrene foam (expanded polystyrene) include:

Safety. Ease of use. Using expanded polystyrene in work, it is not required to use protective equipment: it is non-toxic, odorless, does not emit dust during processing, and does not cause skin irritation. Disposal without damage to the environment and human health.
Good thermal resistance. Moreover, expanded polystyrene retains its heat-insulating properties both in humid conditions and at low temperatures.
Soundproof and windproof. When insulated with PSB-S polystyrene foam boards, additional wind protection is not needed. In addition, the sound insulation of structures is improved.
Moisture resistance. Thermal insulation boards PSB-S are not hygroscopic. Moisture absorption. Even with prolonged immersion in water, PSB-S heat-insulating boards absorb only a few percent of water from their bulk weight, which allows them to be used for insulation of foundations with direct contact of the insulation with the ground.
High load resistance. Maintain stable dimensions. Polyfoam PSB-S remains stable in the building structure, and during the entire life of the building: it does not shrink, does not decrease in size and does not shift in the structure.
Durability. During the entire life of the building, the quality of the properties of PSB-S foam plastic does not deteriorate.
Flammability. All PSB-S foams are made from raw materials containing a fire-resistant material - flame retardant, and comply with the requirements of GOST 15588-86. The operating temperature of expanded polystyrene is from -200 to + 85 ° C.

Expanded polystyrene is a heat and sound insulating material. Expanded polystyrene is made from suspension polystyrene, in finished form it is a rigid foamed thermoplastic consisting of fused granules. The foam is highly resistant to a variety of media, including lime, cement, silicone oils, alcohols, paints, salt solutions, alkalis, soaps, weak acids, as well as sea water and fertilizers. With prolonged exposure, vegetable, animal and paraffin oils, as well as fats, diesel fuel and petroleum jelly, have some effect on polystyrene foam. Styrofoam (polystyrene), unlike most mineral wool boards, has such a property as, for example, strength. Polystyrene of high grades (PSBS-50) has a compressive strength of up to 25 tons (!!!) per square meter (at 10% deformation). Styrofoam is very convenient, when using it it is easy to move, store, cut.

Styrofoam is used in the construction of panel houses, with its help the inner heat-insulating layer of the wall panel is made. Styrofoam is a material that does not contain ozone-depleting elements. With the help of various additives, the combustibility of polystyrene can be reduced, and after the use of additives, polystyrene foam becomes self-extinguishing, i.e. goes out no more than 4 seconds after the fire source is removed. Slow-burning, self-extinguishing foam is environmentally friendly during operation. The production of polystyrene occurs mainly in the form of plates, it is possible to manufacture "sandwich panels" by pouring.

Expanded polystyrene (styrofoam) is obtained by heating small polystyrene balls filled in a rigid form with hot steam. These balls are also called beads. When each ball is heated, a gas is released inside, which "inflates" each ball. With an increase in the volume of beads (when heated), the balls seem to stick together and occupy the volume of the mold. After cooling, the product is ready.

Expanded polystyrene (polystyrene) properties:

it is the ability to form into complex shapes;
high compressive strength at low density;
good thermal properties: low thermal conductivity, low thermal expansion, structural stability in the temperature range from -180 to +80 degrees;
low water vapor diffusion and low water absorption;
resistance to a wide range of chemical and other media;
biological resistance;
fire resistance;
polystyrene boards, due to their low weight, are easy to handle and process, easy to cut; building structures can be glued with cement, gypsum mortars, mastics;
products are non-toxic, odorless and do not form dust;
polystyrene foam is environmentally friendly, because. in the manufacture, substances and gases are used that are not hazardous to the environment and human health; products do not contain chemical compounds of the freon series, harmful to the ozone shell. The use of foam (polystyrene foam) heat-insulating plates allows:
Increase the usable area of the building by reducing the thickness of walls and ceilings.
Reduce installation time.
To reduce the cost of materials in the construction of modern foundations by lightening the above-ground part of buildings and structures.
Get a high-quality foundation, which, insulated with PSB-C slabs, is not exposed to frost.
Increase the thermal comfort in the premises.
Reduce the cost of heating equipment by reducing heat loss after insulation. Increase the usable area of the building by reducing the thickness of walls and ceilings.

When designing and performing thermal insulation, special attention should be paid to:
- thickness of thermal insulation;
- ventilation of the space between the coating and thermal insulation to prevent moisture condensation during the cold period;
- system of fastening of expanded polystyrene.

Polystyrene foam is a modern, environmentally friendly material that allows not only to provide high thermal insulation, fire safety, but also bring decent economic benefits.
Expanded polystyrene is indispensable for warming the underground parts of the building, foundations, basement walls, basement floors, where the use of other types of thermal insulation is unacceptable due to the capillary rise of groundwater, and protects waterproofing from the harmful effects of the environment. This can be said with full confidence by its moisture-resistant qualities, as well as its lightness and durability.
Expanded polystyrene plates are almost weightless, convenient for transportation and installation, durable and reliable. The guaranteed period of their operation in the conditions of the Far North is at least 50 years!
Maintaining comfortable conditions during the operation of buildings built from traditional building materials requires an increased consumption of fuel resources, which ultimately does not have a positive impact on the unsatisfactory environmental situation in the regions and especially in large cities. It has been established that the total heat loss through walls, coatings and windows is 70% of all heat loss through the building envelope. Therefore, by Decree No. 18-81 of August 11, 1995, the Ministry of Construction of Russia significantly increased the required level of thermal resistance (heat transfer resistance) of enclosing structures. The laying of POLYSTYRENE FOAM in the outer walls of residential buildings allows several times to reduce heat loss, since 12 cm of POLYSTYRENE FOAM is equivalent to 2 m of a brick wall and 4 m of a reinforced concrete wall. POLYSTYRENE FOAM today is in dire need of construction sites located in different climatic and geographical zones.
Expanded polystyrene is an environmentally friendly, non-toxic heat and sound insulating material used in construction for 40 years and has proven itself to be the most economical, easy to use and has a low degree of thermal conductivity and vapor permeability.

If we compare the thermal conductivity of polystyrene foam with other materials, then a 50 mm thick expanded polystyrene plate is equivalent in terms of thermal insulation properties to a mineral wool dry layer of 110 mm, dry foam concrete of 500 mm, wood of 195 mm and brickwork of 850 mm! Thus, the use of these boards causes savings in construction and operating costs by 20-50 times!
In the production of expanded polystyrene, freon gas, which is harmful to the atmosphere, is not used. Expanded polystyrene belongs to the group of plastics that, when burned, emit exactly the same gases as when burning wood or cork. Modern foams are produced in a fire-resistant design. Moisture does not affect the heat-insulating properties of this material and does not cause the formation of bacteria and mold in it, which makes it possible to widely use Expanded polystyrene also in the food industry.

MATERIAL CAN BE PURCHASED FROM OFFICIAL REPRESENTATIVES

GOST 15588-86

Group G15

INTERSTATE STANDARD

POLYSTYRENE PLATES

Specifications

Polystyrene foam boards. Specifications

91.100.99
OKP 22 4440

Introduction date 1986-07-01

Decree of the State Committee of the USSR for Construction Affairs dated June 17, 1986 N 80, the date of introduction was set as 07/01/86

INSTEAD OF GOST 15588-70

REPUBLICATION. August 2005

This International Standard applies to expanded polystyrene boards produced by the non-pressing process from slurry expandable polystyrene with or without flame retardant additives.

The plates are intended for thermal insulation as a middle layer of building enclosing structures and industrial equipment in the absence of contact between the plates and the interior. The temperature of the surfaces to be insulated must not exceed 80 °C.

Plates belong to the group of combustible materials.

The standard complies with ST SEV 5068-85 in the part specified in the appendix.

1. TYPES AND DIMENSIONS

1.1. Plates, depending on the presence of a flame retardant, are made of two types:

PSB-S - with flame retardant;

PSB - no flame retardant.

1.2. Plates, depending on the limit value of density, are divided into grades: 15, 25, 35 and 50.

1.3. The nominal dimensions of the slabs shall be:

along the length - from 900 to 5000 mm with an interval of 50 mm;

in width - from 500 to 1300 mm with an interval of 50 mm;

in thickness - from 20 to 500 mm with an interval of 10 mm.

By agreement between the manufacturer and the consumer, it is allowed to manufacture plates of other sizes.

1.4. Maximum deviations from the nominal dimensions should not exceed, mm:

for slabs up to 1000 incl.

over 1000 up to 2000 incl.

in width

for slabs up to 1000 incl.

by thickness

for slabs up to 50 thick

An example of a symbol for plates made of expanded polystyrene with the addition of flame retardant grade 15, 900 mm long, 500 mm wide and 50 mm thick:

PSB-S-15-900x500x50 GOST 15588-86

The same, expanded polystyrene boards without flame retardant grade 15, 900 mm long, 500 mm wide and 50 mm thick:

PSB-15-900x500x50 GOST 15588-86

2. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

2.1. Plates must be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of this standard and according to the technological regulations approved in the prescribed manner.

2.2. Expandable polystyrene containing a blowing agent (isopentane or pentane) and residual monomer (styrene) is used for the manufacture of boards.

Polystyrene used for the manufacture of plates must meet the requirements of the regulatory and technical documentation for the specified material.

2.4. Plates must have the correct geometric shape. The deviation from flatness of the edge of the slab should not be more than 3 mm per 500 mm of the length of the edge.

Diagonal difference should not exceed, mm:


	for slabs up to 1000 long
				over 1000 to 2000

2.5. Indicators of physical and mechanical properties of the plates must comply with the standards specified in the table.


Name of indicator	Norm for slab grades


Density, kg/m		15.1 to 25.0	25.1 to 35.0	35.1 to 50.0	15.1 to 25.0	25.1 to 35.0	From 35 up to 50.0
Compressive strength at 10% linear deformation, MPa, not less than
Bending strength, MPa, not less than
Thermal conductivity in dry state at (25±5) °C, W/(m K), not more than
Self-burning time of PSB-S slabs, s, no more
Humidity, %, no more
Water absorption for 24 hours, % by volume, no more

2.6. If the plates do not meet at least one of the requirements for a given brand, except for density, they must be assigned to a brand with a lower density.

3. ACCEPTANCE RULES

3.2. The quality of the plates is checked for all indicators established by this standard by conducting acceptance and periodic tests.

Thermal conductivity is determined periodically when the technology or raw materials used are changed, but at least once every 6 months.

3.4. To check the compliance of the plates with the requirements of this standard in terms of linear dimensions, correct geometric shape and appearance, 10 plates are selected from a batch of up to 200 m3, and 20 plates from a batch of more than 200 m3.

3.5. To check the physical and mechanical parameters, three slabs are selected from 10 or 5 out of 20 slabs that have passed the test according to clause 3.4.

3.6. If the test results are unsatisfactory for at least one of the indicators, a second test is carried out for this indicator of the double number of plates selected from the same batch.

If the results of repeated tests are unsatisfactory, the batch of plates is not subject to acceptance.

4. TEST METHODS

4.1. Plates before making test specimens must be kept for at least 3 hours at a temperature of (22 ± 5) °C.

Samples are tested in a room with an air temperature of (22 ± 5) ° C and relative humidity of (50 ± 5)% after their preliminary exposure under the same conditions for at least 5 hours.

For the length and width take the arithmetic mean of the measurements of the plate.

4.3. The thickness of the plates is measured with a caliper according to GOST 166-89 in 8 places at a distance of 50 mm from the side faces of the plate: 4 points in the middle of the length and width of the plate and 4 points at the corners of the plate at a distance of 50 mm from the intersection of the side faces. Measurement error - no more than 0.1 mm.

The thickness is taken as the arithmetic mean of the plate measurements.

4.4. To determine the difference in diagonals, measure the lengths of two diagonals on the largest edge of the plate with a tape measure according to GOST 7502-98.

The value of the difference between the diagonals of the plate is taken as the measurement result.

4.5. The bluntness of the edges and corners is determined with a measuring tool with an error of not more than 1.0 mm.

4.6. The length, width and height (depth) of the bulges or depressions of the plates are measured with a double-sided caliper with a depth gauge according to GOST 162-90.

For the indicator of non-flatness of the surface of the plate, the largest of the measured values of the gaps is taken.

4.8. Density determination

The essence of the method is to determine the mass per unit volume of the slab.

4.8.1. Equipment

Scales with an error of no more than 5 g.

Ruler according to GOST 427-75 for measuring length and width.

Caliper according to GOST 166-89 for measuring thickness.

4.8.2. Conducting a test

Slabs selected according to clause 3.5 are weighed with an error of not more than 0.5%. Then the geometric dimensions of the plates are determined in accordance with paragraphs 4.2 and 4.3.

4.8.3. Results processing

Plate density () is calculated in kilograms per cubic meter according to the formula

where is the mass of the plate, kg;

- plate volume, m;

- humidity of the plate, %.

The test result is taken as the arithmetic mean of all determinations, rounded to the nearest 0.1 kg/m.

4.9. Determination of humidity

The essence of the method is to determine the difference in the mass of the sample before and after drying at a given temperature.

4.9.1. Sampling

To determine the moisture content of the boards selected according to clause 3.5, three samples are cut out: one from the middle and two at a distance of 50 mm from the edge of the board. Sample dimensions should be [(50x50x50)±0.5] mm. If the thickness of the plate from which the samples are made is less than 50 mm, then the height of the sample is taken equal to the thickness of the plate.

4.9.2. Equipment

Scales with an error of no more than 0.01 g.

Drying cabinet with a heating temperature of up to 100 °C and maintaining the set temperature with an error of no more than 2 °C.

Desiccator.

Anhydrous calcium chloride.

4.9.3. Conducting a test

The samples are weighed with an error of not more than 0.01 g, dried in an oven at a temperature of (60 ± 2) ° C for 3 hours, and then cooled in a desiccator with calcium chloride for 0.5 hours, after which the samples are weighed with the same error.

4.9.4. Results processing

The moisture content of the sample in percent is calculated by the formula

where is the mass of the sample before drying, g;

- mass of the sample after drying, g.

The test result is taken as the arithmetic mean of parallel determinations of moisture, rounded up to 1.0%.

4.10. Determination of compressive strength at 10% linear deformation

The essence of the method is to determine the magnitude of the compressive force that causes deformation of the sample in thickness by 10% under given test conditions.

4.10.1. Sampling

To determine the compressive strength at 10% linear deformation, three samples of [(50x50x50) ± 0.5] mm in size are cut from the plates selected according to clause 3.5 (one from the middle and two at a distance of 50 mm from the edge of the plate) .

If the thickness of the slab from which the samples are made is less than 50 mm, then the height of the samples is assumed to be equal to the thickness of the slab.

It is allowed to use samples on which the moisture content of the plates was determined.

4.10.2 Apparatus

A testing machine that provides load measurement with an error not exceeding 1% of the compressive force, and a constant sample loading rate (5-10) mm/min. The testing machine must have a self-aligning support and a clamp displacement measurement system that provides deformation measurement with an error of not more than 0.2 mm.

Metal ruler according to GOST 427-75.

4.10.3. Conducting a test

Measure the linear dimensions of the sample. The sample is then placed on the base plate of the machine in such a way that the compressive force acts along the axis of the sample. The sample is loaded until a load corresponding to 10% linear deformation is reached, and the sample is loaded in the direction of the thickness of the plate from which it was sawn.

4.10.4. Results processing

Compressive strength at 10% linear strain in megapascals is calculated by the formula

where is the load at 10% linear deformation, H;

- sample length, m;

- sample width, m.

The test result is taken as the arithmetic mean of parallel determinations of the strength of the plates, rounded up to 0.01 MPa.

4.11. Determination of flexural strength

The essence of the method is to determine the magnitude of the bending force of the sample, causing its destruction under specified test conditions.

4.11.1. Sampling

4.11.2. Apparatus, equipment, tools

Caliper according to GOST 166-89 GOST 427-75.

4.11.3. Conducting a test

Before testing, the width and thickness of the sample are measured at least at three points with an error of not more than 0.1 mm.

At the moment of destruction of the sample, the breaking load is fixed.

4.11.4. Results processing

The flexural strength of the sample in megapascals is calculated by the formula

where is the breaking load, H;

- distance between the axes of the supports, m;

- sample width, m;

- sample thickness, m.

The test result is taken as the arithmetic mean of parallel determinations of strength, rounded up to 0.01 MPa.

4.12. Thermal conductivity is determined according to GOST 7076-99 on samples sawn one from the middle of the plates, selected according to clause 3.5.

4.13. Determining the self-burning time

The essence of the method is to determine the time during which the sample continues to burn after the fire source is removed.

4.13.1. Sampling

To determine the self-burning time, one sample is cut out from the middle of the plates selected according to clause 3.5. Sample dimensions should be [(140x30x10)±1] mm.

4.13.2. Equipment and materials

Desiccator according to GOST 25336-82.

Anhydrous calcium chloride according to TU 6-09-4711-81.

Gas or alcohol burner according to GOST 21204-97.

Stopwatch of the 2nd class of accuracy.

Caliper according to GOST 166-89 or metal ruler according to GOST 427-75.

4.13.3. Conducting a test

The result is taken as the arithmetic mean of the test results of the samples.

4.14. Determination of water absorption

The essence of the method is to determine the mass of water absorbed by dry material samples after they are completely immersed in distilled water and kept in it for a specified time.

4.14.1. Equipment and materials

Technical scales with a weighing error of not more than 0.01 g.

Drying cabinet with a heating temperature of up to 100 °C, maintaining the set temperature with an error of no more than 2 °C.

Desiccator according to GOST 25336-82.

The bathtub having mesh support and prigruz.

Anhydrous calcium chloride according to TU 6-09-4711-81.

Distilled water according to GOST 6709-72.

Caliper according to GOST 166-89.

4.14.2. Sampling

To determine the water absorption from the plates selected according to clause 3.5, one sample is cut out with a size of [(50x50x50) ± 0.5] mm. If the height of the sample is less than 50 mm, then the height of the sample is taken equal to the thickness of the slab. The length, width and thickness of the samples are measured at least at three points with an error of not more than 0.1 mm.

4.14.3. Before testing, the samples are dried at a temperature of (60 ± 2) °C for at least 3 hours, then cooled in a desiccator for at least 0.5 hours and weighed with an error of 0.01 g.

24 hours after filling with water, the samples are removed, wiped with filter paper and weighed with an error of not more than 0.01 g.

4.14.4. Processing test results

Water absorption in percent by volume is calculated by the formula

where is the mass of the sample after keeping it in water, g;

- mass of the sample before immersion in water, g;

- sample volume, cm;

- density of water, g/cm.

The test result is taken as the arithmetic mean of parallel determinations of the water absorption of plates, rounded up to 0.1%.

5. PACKAGING, LABELING, TRANSPORT AND STORAGE

5.1. Boards are delivered packed in transport packages or unpacked. When forming a package, the rules for the carriage of goods approved by the relevant departments and the requirements of this standard must be observed.

The height of the formed package should not exceed 0.9 m. With a plate thickness of 500 mm, the package is formed from two plates.

For the manufacture of packaging means, a tape with a breaking load of at least 200 N (on the warp) should be used.

5.2. On the side face of the slab or package, a marking must be applied containing the stamp of the quality control department of the manufacturer, the type and brand of the slab.

5.3. Transport marking should be carried out in accordance with GOST 14192-96.

Each accepted batch of plates is accompanied by a quality document, which indicates:

name of the manufacturer or its trademark;

date of manufacture;

product name and batch number;

brand and type of plates;

the number of plates in the batch and in each package;

designation of this standard;

OTK stamp;

test results;

image of the State Quality Mark for products to which it has been assigned in the prescribed manner.

5.4. Plates and packages are transported by all means of transport in covered vehicles in accordance with the rules for the carriage of goods in force for each type of transport.

5.5. For transportation by rail, the slabs are delivered in bundles. Slabs of the same type, brand and size are placed in packages. Tiles must be laid flat.

Sending by rail - carload. The car is loaded in packages in three tiers, loading it up to its full capacity with unpacked plates.

5.6. Shipment of plates to the regions of the Far North is carried out in accordance with GOST 15846-2002, while the plates are packed in wooden containers in accordance with GOST 18051-83.

5.7. Boards should be stored in covered warehouses. It is allowed to store under a canopy that protects the plates from the effects of precipitation and sunlight. When stored under a canopy, the slabs should be stacked on linings, while the height of the stack should not exceed 3 m.

6. INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE

6.1. Plates must be used in accordance with the requirements of SNiP II-26-76 and other documents approved in the prescribed manner.

7. MANUFACTURER WARRANTY

7.1. The manufacturer guarantees the compliance of the plates with the requirements of this standard, provided that the consumer observes the conditions of transportation, storage and instructions for use.

7.2. Warranty period of storage of plates - 12 months from the date of production.

Application (reference). Information data on compliance with GOST 15588-86 and ST SEV 5068-85

Application
Reference

The introductory part of GOST 15588-86 corresponds to the introductory part of ST SEV 5068-85.

Sec. 1 GOST 15588-86 corresponds to Sec. 1 ST SEV 5068-85.

Clause 2.3 of GOST 15588-86 corresponds to clause 2.2 of ST SEV 5068-85.

Clause 2.4 of GOST 15588-86 corresponds to clause 2.1 of ST SEV 5068-85.

Clause 2.5 of GOST 15588-86 corresponds to clause 2.3 of ST SEV 5068-85.

Clause 2.6 of GOST 15588-86 corresponds to clause 2.4 of ST SEV 5068-85.

Clause 3.1 of GOST 15588-86 corresponds to clause 3.1 of ST SEV 5068-85.

Clause 3.3 of GOST 15588-86 corresponds to clauses 3.5 and 3.6 of ST SEV 5068-85.

Clause 3.4 of GOST 15588-86 corresponds to clause 3.3 of ST SEV 5068-85.

Clause 3.5 of GOST 15588-86 corresponds to clause 3.4 of ST SEV 5068-85.

Electronic text of the document
prepared by CJSC "Kodeks" and checked against:
official publication
M.: Standartinform, 2005

INTERSTATE STANDARD

POLYSTYRENE PLATES

TECHNICAL CONDITIONS

Official edition

Standartinform

INTERSTATE STANDARD

POLYSTYRENE PLATES

Specifications

GOST

15588-86

Polystyrene foam boards. Specifications

GOST 15588-70

MKS 83.140 91.100.99 OKP 22 4440

By the Decree of the State Committee of the USSR for Construction of June 17, 1986 No. 80, the date of introduction was set

This International Standard applies to expanded polystyrene boards made without pressing from expanded polystyrene suspension with or without flame retardant additives.

Plates belong to the group of combustible materials.

The standard complies with ST SEV 5068-85 in the part specified in the appendix.

1. TYPES AND DIMENSIONS

1.1. Plates, depending on the presence of a flame retardant, are made of two types:

PSB-S - with flame retardant;

PSB - no flame retardant.

1.2. Plates, depending on the limit value of density, are divided into grades: 15, 25, 35 and 50.

1.3. The nominal dimensions of the slabs shall be:

along the length - from 900 to 5000 mm with an interval of 50 mm;

in width - from 500 to 1300 mm with an interval of 50 mm;

in thickness - from 20 to 500 mm with an interval of 10 mm.

By agreement between the manufacturer and the consumer, it is allowed to manufacture plates of other sizes.

1.4. Maximum deviations from the nominal dimensions should not exceed, mm:

for slabs up to 1000 incl. ....................±5;

» » » over 1000 up to 2000 inclusive...........±7.5;

» » over 2000......................±10;

Official edition

Reprint prohibited

Reissue. August 2005

in width

for slabs with width up to 1000 inclusive ....................±5;

» » over 1000......................± 7.5;

by thickness

for slabs up to 50 thick........................±2;

» » over 50......................±3.

An example of a symbol for plates made of foamed polystyrene with the addition of flame retardant grade 15, 900 mm long, 500 mm wide and 50 mm thick:

PSB-S-15-900 x 500 x 50 GOST 15588-86

The same, expanded polystyrene boards without flame retardant grade 15, 900 mm long, 500 mm wide and 50 mm thick:

PSB-15-900 x 500 x 50 GOST 15588-86

2. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

2.1. Plates must be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of this standard and according to the technological regulations approved in the prescribed manner.

2.2. For the manufacture of plates, foaming polystyrene is used, containing a blowing agent (isopentane or pentane) and residual monomer (styrene).

Polystyrene used for the manufacture of plates must meet the requirements of the regulatory and technical documentation for the specified material.

2.4. Plates must have the correct geometric shape. The deviation from flatness of the edge of the slab should not be more than 3 mm per 500 mm of the length of the edge.

Diagonal difference should not exceed, mm:

for slabs up to 1000 length.......................5

» » » more than 1000 to 2000......................7

» » over 2000............................. 13

2.5. Indicators of physical and mechanical properties of the plates must comply with the standards specified in the table.

	Norm for slab grades
Name of indicator

Density, kg / m 3		15.1 to 25.0	25.1 to 35.0	35.1 to 50.0	15.1 to 25.0	25.1 to 35.0	35 to 50.0
Compressive strength at 10% linear deformation, MPa, not less than
Bending strength, MPa, not less than
Thermal conductivity in dry state at (25 ± 5) °С, W/(m K), not more than
Self-burning time of PSB-S slabs, s, no more
Humidity, %, no more
Water absorption for 24 hours, % by volume, no more

2.6. If the plates do not meet at least one of the requirements for a given brand, except for density, they must be assigned to a brand with a lower density.

3. ACCEPTANCE RULES

3.2. The quality of the plates is checked for all indicators established by this standard, by conducting acceptance and periodic tests.

3.3. During acceptance tests, the following are checked: linear dimensions, correctness of the geometric shape (deviation from flatness, difference in the lengths of the diagonals), appearance (bluntness of edges and corners, bevels on the sides of blunt corners, bulges or depressions), density, compressive strength at 10% deformation, flexural strength, humidity, water absorption and self-burning time. It is allowed, in agreement with the consumer, to determine water absorption at least once a quarter.

Thermal conductivity is determined periodically when the technology or raw materials used are changed, but at least once every 6 months.

3.4. To check the compliance of the plates with the requirements of this standard in terms of linear dimensions, correct geometric shape and appearance, 10 plates are selected from a batch of up to 200 m 3, and 20 plates from a batch of more than 200 m 3.

3.5. To check the physical and mechanical parameters, three slabs are selected from 10 or 5 out of 20 slabs that have been tested according to and. 3.4.

3.6. If the test results are unsatisfactory for at least one of the indicators, a second test is carried out for this indicator of the double number of plates selected from the same batch.

If the results of repeated tests are unsatisfactory, the batch of plates is not subject to acceptance.

4. TEST METHODS

4.1. Plates before making test specimens must be kept for at least 3 hours at a temperature of (22 + 5) °C.

Samples are tested in a room with an air temperature of (22 + 5) ° C and relative humidity of (50 + 5)% after preliminary exposure under the same conditions for at least 5 hours.

For the length and width take the arithmetic mean of the measurements of the plate.

The thickness is taken as the arithmetic mean of the plate measurements.

4.4. To determine the difference in diagonals, measure the lengths of two diagonals on the largest edge of the plate with a tape measure according to GOST 7502-98.

The value of the difference between the diagonals of the plate is taken as the measurement result.

4.5. The bluntness of the edges and corners is determined with a measuring tool with an error of not more than 1.0 mm.

4.6. The length, width and height (depth) of the bulges or depressions of the plates are measured with a double-sided caliper with a depth gauge according to GOST 162-90.

For the indicator of non-flatness of the surface of the plate, the largest of the measured values of the gaps is taken.

4.8. Density determination

The essence of the method is to determine the mass per unit volume of the slab.

4.8.1. Equipment

Scales with an error of no more than 5 g.

Ruler according to GOST 427-75 for measuring length and width.

Caliper according to GOST 166-89 for measuring thickness.

4.8.2. Conducting a test

Slabs selected according to clause 3.5 are weighed with an error of not more than 0.5%. Then the geometric dimensions of the plates are determined in accordance with paragraphs. 4.2 and 4.3.

4.8.3. Results processing

The density of the plate (p) is calculated in kilograms per cubic meter according to the formula

P_ K (1 + 0.011G) ’ (’

where m is the mass of the plate, kg;

V is the volume of the plate, m 3;

W - board moisture content, %.

The test result is taken as the arithmetic mean of all determinations, rounded up to 0.1 kg/m 3 .

4.9. Determination of humidity

The essence of the method is to determine the difference in the mass of the sample before and after drying at a given temperature.

4.9.1. Sampling

To determine the moisture content, three samples are cut from the plates selected according to clause 3.5: one from the middle and two at a distance of 50 mm from the edge of the plate. The sample dimensions shall be [(50 x 50 x 50) + 0.5] mm. If the thickness of the plate from which the samples are made is less than 50 mm, then the height of the sample is taken equal to the thickness of the plate.

4.9.2. Equipment

Scales with an error of no more than 0.01 g.

Drying cabinet with a heating temperature of up to 100 °C and maintaining the set temperature with an error of no more than 2 °C.

Desiccator.

Anhydrous calcium chloride.

4.9.3. Conducting a test

The samples are weighed with an error of not more than 0.01 g, dried in an oven at a temperature of (60 + 2) ° C for 3 hours, and then cooled in a desiccator with calcium chloride for 0.5 hours, after which the samples are weighed with the same error.

4.9.4. Results processing

Humidity W of the sample in percent is calculated by the formula

■ 100,

(2)

where m is the mass of the sample before drying, g; mn - mass of the sample after drying, g.

The test result is taken as the arithmetic mean of parallel determinations of humidity, rounded up to 1.0%.

4.10. Determination of compressive strength at 10% linear deformation

The essence of the method is to determine the value of the compressive force that causes deformation of the sample in thickness by 10% under given test conditions.

4.10.1. Sampling

To determine the compressive strength at 10% linear deformation from plates selected by and. 3.5, cut out three samples of [(50 x 50 x 50) + 0.5] mm in size (one from the middle and two at a distance of 50 mm from the edge of the plate).

If the thickness of the slab from which the samples are made is less than 50 mm, then the height of the samples is assumed to be equal to the thickness of the slab.

It is allowed to use samples on which the moisture content of the plates was determined.

4.10.2. Equipment

A testing machine that provides load measurement with an error not exceeding 1% of the compressive force, and a constant sample loading rate (5-10) mm/min. The testing machine must have a self-aligning support and a clamp displacement measurement system that provides deformation measurement with an error of not more than 0.2 mm.

Metal ruler according to GOST 427-75.

4.10.3. Conducting a test

4.10.4. Results processing

The compressive strength at 10% linear deformation L szh in megapascals is calculated by the formula

where P - load at 10% linear deformation, I;

/ - sample length, m; b - sample width, m.

The test result is taken as the arithmetic mean of parallel determinations of the strength of the plates, rounded up to 0.01 MPa.

4.11. Determination of flexural strength

The essence of the method is to determine the magnitude of the bending force of the sample, causing its destruction under specified test conditions.

4.11.1. Sampling

To determine the flexural strength of the plates selected by and. 3.5, cut out two samples of [(250 x 40 x 40) + 1] mm in size (one from the middle and one at a distance of 50 mm from the edge of the plate). If the selected slabs have a thickness of less than 40 mm, then the height of the sample should be equal to the thickness of the slab.

4.11.2. Apparatus, equipment, tools

A testing machine that provides a loading rate of the sample (5-10) mm/min and is equipped with a device with a loading identer and supports with a radius of curvature (6 + 0.1) mm. The distance between the axes of the supports should be (200 + 1) mm.

4.11.3. Conducting a test

Before testing, the width and thickness of the sample are measured at least at three points with an error of not more than 0.1 mm.

At the moment of destruction of the sample, the breaking load is fixed.

4.11.4. Results processing

Ultimate bending strength of the sample 7? south in megapascals is calculated by the formula

(3)

/ - distance between the axes of the supports, m; b - sample width, m; h - sample thickness, m.

The test result is taken as the arithmetic mean of parallel determinations of strength, rounded up to 0.01 MPa.

4.12. Thermal conductivity is determined according to GOST 7076-99 on samples sawn one from the middle of the plates, selected according to clause 3.5.

4.13. Determining the self-burning time

The essence of the method is to determine the time during which the sample continues to burn after the fire source is removed.

4.13.1. Sampling

To determine the self-burning time, one sample is cut out from the middle of the plates selected according to clause 3.5. Sample dimensions shall be [(140 x 30 x 10) + 1] mm.

4.13.2. Equipment and materials

Desiccator according to GOST 25336-82.

Anhydrous calcium chloride according to TU 6-09-4711-81.

Gas or alcohol burner according to GOST 21204-97.

Stopwatch of the 2nd class of accuracy.

Caliper according to GOST 166-89 or metal ruler according to GOST 427-75.

4.13.3. Conducting a test

Before testing, the samples are dried in an oven at a temperature of (60 1 2) ° C for 3 hours, then cooled in a desiccator with calcium chloride for 0.5 hours. After that, the sample is fixed in a vertical position on a tripod and kept in a burner flame for for 4 s. The height of the burner flame from the end of the wick should be about 50 mm, and the distance from the sample to the burner wick should be about 10 mm. Then the burner is removed and the stopwatch fixes the time during which the sample continues to burn.

The result is taken as the arithmetic mean of the test results of the samples.

4.14. Determination of water absorption

The essence of the method is to determine the mass of water absorbed by dry material samples after they are completely immersed in distilled water and kept in it for a specified time.

4.14.1. Equipment and materials

Technical scales with a weighing error of not more than 0.01 g.

Drying cabinet with a heating temperature of up to 100 °C, maintaining the set temperature with an error of no more than 2 °C.

Desiccator according to GOST 25336-82.

The bathtub having mesh support and prigruz.

Anhydrous calcium chloride according to TU 6-09-4711-81.

Distilled water according to GOST 6709-72.

Caliper according to GOST 166-89.

4.14.2. Sampling

To determine the water absorption of slabs selected by and. 3.5, cut one sample at a time [(50 x 50 x 50) + 0.5] mm in size. If the height of the sample is less than 50 mm, then the height of the sample is taken equal to the thickness of the slab. The length, width and thickness of the samples are measured at least at three points with an error of not more than 0.1 mm.

4.14.3. Before testing, the samples are dried at a temperature of (60 + 2) °C for at least 3 hours, then cooled in a desiccator for at least 0.5 hours and weighed with an error of 0.01 g.

The samples are placed in the bath on a mesh support and their position is fixed with a mesh weight. Then water with a temperature of (22 + 5) ° C is poured into the bath so that the water level is at least 20 mm higher than the mesh weight.

24 hours after filling with water, the samples are removed, wiped with filter paper and weighed with an error of not more than 0.01 g.

4.14.4. Processing test results

Water absorption W B as a percentage by volume is calculated by the formula

100,

where m is the mass of the sample after keeping it in water, g;

m () - the mass of the sample before immersion in water, g;

V is the volume of the sample, cm 3; y in - water density, g / cm 3.

The test result is taken as the arithmetic mean of parallel determinations of the water absorption of plates, rounded up to 0.1%.

5. PACKAGING, LABELING, TRANSPORT AND STORAGE

The height of the formed package should not exceed 0.9 m. With a plate thickness of 500 mm, the package is formed from two plates.

For the manufacture of packaging means, a tape with a breaking load of at least 200 N (on the warp) should be used.

5.2. On the side face of the slab or package, a marking must be applied containing the stamp of the quality control department of the manufacturer, the type and brand of the slab.

5.3. Transport marking should be carried out in accordance with GOST 14192-96.

Each accepted batch of plates is accompanied by a quality document, which indicates: the name of the manufacturer or its trademark; date of manufacture;

product name and batch number; brand and type of plates;

the number of plates in the batch and in each package; designation of this standard; OTK stamp; test results;

image of the State Quality Mark for products to which it has been assigned in the prescribed manner.

5.4. Plates and packages are transported by all means of transport in covered vehicles in accordance with the rules for the carriage of goods in force for each type of transport.

5.5. For transportation by rail, the slabs are delivered in bundles. Slabs of the same type, brand and size are placed in packages. Tiles must be laid flat.

Sending by rail - carload. The car is loaded in packages in three tiers, loading it up to its full capacity with unpacked plates.

5.6. Shipment of plates to the regions of the Far North is carried out in accordance with GOST 15846-2002, while the plates are packed in wooden containers in accordance with GOST 18051-83.

6. INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE

6.1. Plates must be used in accordance with the requirements of SNiP II-26-76 and other documents approved in the prescribed manner.

7. MANUFACTURER WARRANTY

7.2. Warranty period of storage of plates - 12 months from the date of production.

APPENDIX

Reference

Information data on compliance with GOST 15588-86 and ST SEV 5068-85

Introductory part GOST Sec. 1 GOST 15588 P. 2.3 GOST 15588-GG 2.4 GOST 15588-GG 2.5 GOST 15588-GG 2.6 GOST 15588-GG 3.1 GOST 15588-GG 3.3 GOST 15588-GG 3.4 GOST 15588-GG 3.5 GOST 15588-

15588-86 corresponds to the introductory part of ST SEV 5068-85. -86 corresponds to sec. 1 ST SEV 5068-85.

86 corresponds to clause 2.2 of ST SEV 5068-85.

86 corresponds to clause 2.1 of ST SEV 5068-85.

86 corresponds to clause 2.3 of ST SEV 5068-85.

86 corresponds to clause 2.4 of ST SEV 5068-85.

86 corresponds to clause 3.1 of ST SEV 5068-85.

86 corresponds to paragraphs. 3.5 and 3.6 ST SEV 5068-85.

86 corresponds to clause 3.3 of ST SEV 5068-85.

86 corresponds to clause 3.4 of ST SEV 5068-85.

Editor M.I. Maksimova Technical editor V.N. Prusakova Proofreader V.I. Varentsova Computer layout I.A. Naleykina

Handed over to the set 22.08.2005. Signed for publication on 30.08.2005. Format 60 x 84*/8 - Offset paper. Headset Times. Offset printing. Uel. pech.l. 1.40. Uch.-ed.l. 0.90. Circulation 100 copies. Zach. 570. From 1812.

FSUE "Standartinform", 123995 Moscow, Granatny per., 4.

Typed in FSUE "Standartinform" on a PC

Printed in the branch of FSUE "Standartinform" - type. "Moscow printer", 105062 Moscow, Lyalin per., 6.

The article discusses the fundamental differences between GOST 15588-1986 “Polystyrene foam plates. Specifications” and new GOST R 56148-2014 (EN 13163:2009) “Products made of expanded polystyrene PPS (EPS) heat-insulating used in construction. Specifications”, GOST 15588-2014 “Polystyrene heat-insulating boards. Specifications".

White expanded polystyrene has been successfully used all over the world since its invention for more than 60 years. This environmentally friendly and reliable heat-insulating material has found wide application in residential and industrial construction, the packaging industry, and other industries.

The progress of mankind does not stand still - processes, technologies, the material itself are continuously improved. Regulation and standardization by the joint efforts of the industry community and government bodies are also developing accordingly.

A working group of specialists - members of the Association of Producers and Suppliers of Expanded Polystyrene (which includes our ET-Plast plant) has prepared two new GOSTs to replace the outdated GOST: one of which is focused on European standards, the second is characteristically Russian. Both entered into force in 2015.

Prerequisites for the development of new standards

1. GOST 15588-1986 “Polystyrene foam plates. Specifications» was adopted in 1986. The need for its revision is associated with increased requirements for the quality of building materials in the Russian market, which should be ensured, first of all, by strength, thermal insulation and other performance characteristics. When classifying and marking polystyrene foam boards according to GOST 15588-86, these characteristics were secondary, which contributed to the penetration of low-quality products into the construction market.

Over the past 30 years, cardinal changes have taken place in the polystyrene foam industry - primarily in the technology for the production of expanded polystyrene products: from the autoclave method to the "thermal shock" block method. The raw material base has changed, and the main manufacturers of expanded polystyrene products have long been working on equipment supplied by world industry leaders. The quality and branding of products have stepped much further than GOST 15588-86, and manufacturers have been forced to develop various of their own Specifications.

2. GOST R 56148-2014 (EN 13163:2009) “Products made of expanded polystyrene PPS (EPS) heat-insulating used in construction. Specifications” was developed for use in the Russian Federation. The main purpose of its development was the harmonization of national standards with European ones, the approximation of European principles of classification and test methods for heat-insulating materials and products, to the methods used in Russian construction.

At the same time, manufacturers of extruded polystyrene foam and thermal insulation materials based on mineral fibers have prepared their own standards 13164 and 13162, in line with modern European standards. According to members of the Association of Producers and Suppliers of Expanded Polystyrene, standard 13163 “Heat-insulating products made of expanded polystyrene PPS (EPS) used in construction. Specifications” marked the beginning of the development of a number of regulations of the Russian Federation on various special products made of expanded polystyrene, corresponding to the European level.

The Expanded Polystyrene Manufacturers and Suppliers Association has established a comprehensive program to develop national standards for expanded polystyrene products. The program was approved at the General Meeting and sent to TC 465 "Construction". These are standards based on the standard 13163 “Thermal insulation products made of expanded polystyrene PPS (EPS) used in construction. Specifications" such as:

GOST R (EN 1603) “Heat-insulating products used in construction. Method for determining dimensional stability indicators based on the results of laboratory tests at a temperature of 23 ° C and 50% humidity”;
GOST R (EN 13793) “Heat-insulating products used in construction. Determination of properties under the action of cyclic load”;
GOST R (EN 14933) "Thermal insulation and light fillers for use in civil engineering";
GOST R (EN 14309) "Thermal insulation from expanded polystyrene PPS (EPS), for construction equipment and industrial installations";
GOST R (EN 13950) "Composite panels made of expanded polystyrene (EPS) and drywall";
GOST R (EN 14509) Self-supporting composite metal panels with expanded polystyrene (EPS) core.

All these standards were supposed to form the basis for the creation of a national technical regulation "On the safety of buildings and structures." However, Russian technical regulation, the development of economic and political relations with the European Union, as well as within the established Customs Union, told us that in parallel with European codes, methods and standards, it is necessary to develop the Russian approaches to technical regulation and regulation that have been successfully used in construction .

3. GOST 15588-86 “Polystyrene heat-insulating plates. Specifications» remains an international standard, still valid in the CIS countries. The Association has begun to develop its updated version, which describes slabs intended for thermal insulation as the middle layer of building enclosing structures. The presented international standard will contribute to the development of the regulatory and technical base in construction. Its use will improve the quality of expanded polystyrene products and increase the level of energy efficiency in construction.

The purpose of developing this standard was not only to bring the regulatory framework in line with the existing reality on the market for expanded polystyrene and other heat-insulating materials, but also to harmonize as much as possible with European requirements for the classification and test methods for expanded polystyrene products used in construction.

Fundamental differences between the new GOST 15588-2014 and 15588-86

1. Nowadays, the industry produces a wider range of brands and types of boards. In the old GOST, the density of products was the basis for classification. In addition, all products were divided into only two types of quality.

The density gradation range was 10 kg per m³, and one brand applied to products with completely different strength, thermal performance. There were 4 brands of plates in total. The brand designation indicated the maximum density, while all manufacturers produced products according to the minimum density, which led to misunderstandings in the construction and supply structures.

The new GOST provides for a completely different system for classifying and labeling polystyrene foam heat-insulating plates. Despite the fact that it is still based on density, each new grade has qualitatively new (significantly different) strength and thermal insulation properties, which are the main ones for thermal insulation materials.

For the first time, builders and designers are offered two types of slabs:

cut with a string from large-sized blocks 4000 X 1000 X 1200 mm;
slabs, ready thermoformed, with a closed cell structure. These come out of the molding machine of the finished length, thickness and width, while the expanded polystyrene balls remain intact, undamaged by cutting.

Indicators of physical and mechanical properties of slabs of type P (cut from blocks) must comply with the requirements specified in table 1, slabs of type RG (graphite-containing facade) - in table 2, slabs of type T (thermoformed) - in table 3.

Table 1. Physical and mechanical properties of P-type expanded polystyrene boards (cut from blocks)

Name of indicator
Name of indicator	PPP10	PPP12	PPP13	PPP14	PPS16F	PPP17	PPP20	PPS23	PPP25	PPP30	PPS35
Density, kg/m 3 , not less than	10	12	13	14	16	17	20	23	25	30	35
Compressive strength at 10% linear deformation, kPa, not less than	40	60	70	80	100	100	120	140	160	200	250
	60	100	120	150	180	160	200	220	250	300	350
	*	*	*	*	100	*	*	*	*	*	*
Thermal conductivity of plates in a dry state at a temperature of (10 ± 1) o C (283 K), W/(m×K), not more than	0,041	0,040	0,039	0,038	0,036	0,037	0,036	0,035	0,034	0,035	0,036
Thermal conductivity of plates in a dry state at a temperature of (25 ± 5) ° C (298 K), W / (m × K), not more than	0,044	0,042	0,041	0,040	0,038	0,039	0,038	0,037	0,036	0,037	0,038
	5,0	5,0	3,0	3,0	2,0	3,0	2,0	2,0	2,0	2,0	2,0
	4,0	4,0	3,0	3,0	1,0	2,0	2,0	2,0	2.0	2,0	2,0
	4	4	4	4	1	4	4	4	4	4	4

* The indicator is not standardized

Table 2. Physical and mechanical properties of expanded polystyrene plates of the RG type (graphite-containing facade)

Name of indicator	The value of the indicator for slabs of the brand
Name of indicator	PPS15F	PPS20 F
Density, kg/m 3 , not less than	15	20
	70	100
Bending strength, kPa, not less than	140	250
Tensile strength in the direction perpendicular to the surface, kPa, not less than	100	150
(10 ± 1) o C (283 K), W/(m×K), no more	0,032	0,031
The thermal conductivity of the boards in a dry state at a temperature (25 ± 5) o C (298 K), W/(m×K), no more	0,034	0,033
Humidity,% by weight, no more	2	2
Water absorption for 24 hours, % by volume, no more	4	3
Self-burning time, s, no more	1	1

Table 3. Physical and mechanical properties of T-type polystyrene boards (thermoformed)

Name of indicator	The value of the indicator for slabs of the brand
Name of indicator	PPP 15	PPP 20	PPP 25	PPP 30	PPP 35	PPP 40	PPP 45
Density, kg/m 3 , not less than	15	20	25	30	35	40	45
Compressive strength at 10% linear deformation, kPa, not less than	100	150	180	200	250	300	350
Bending strength, kPa, not less than	180	200	250	400	450	500	550
Thermal conductivity of plates in a dry state at a temperature of (10 ± 1) ° C (283 K), W/(m×K), no more	0,037	0,036	0,036	0,035	0,036	0,036	0,036
Thermal conductivity of plates in a dry state at a temperature of (25 ± 5) ° C (298 K), W/(m×K), no more	0,039	0,038	0,038	0,037	0,038	0,038	0,038
Humidity,% by weight, no more	1.0	1,0	1,0	1,0	1,0	1,0	1,0
Water absorption for 24 hours, % by volume, no more	1,5	1,5	1,0	1.0	0,5	0,3	0,2
Self-burning time, s, no more	4	4	4	4	4	4	4

Depending on the shape of the plate, two types are offered:

plates with a rectangular side edge;
slabs with a selected or quarter-shaped side edge.

In GOST, special grades of plates have appeared, intended for use in thermal insulation in facade thermal insulation composite systems with external plaster layers.

2. Ease of use of GOST. Now the brand is logically indicated by the minimum allowable density of the plates. Test methods are more clearly defined in GOST and do not refer to other GOSTs, for example GOST 17177-94 “Heat-insulating building materials and products. Test Methods".

3. Recognition of the mandatory presence of flame retardant additives in the composition of building heat-insulating boards, which ensures compliance with fire safety requirements during storage and installation of polystyrene foam boards.

Differences between GOST 15588-2014 and GOST R 56148-2014 (EN 13163:2009), harmonized with European

The European standard EN 13163-2009 gives the levels, classes and values of product indicators according to which a manufacturer can manufacture and label his products. All responsibility in determining the quality of the presented products lies with the manufacturer. The Russian standard clearly gives indicators for each brand and the limits of permissible deviations for geometric indicators that are understandable to both the designer and the manufacturer.

The European standard uses product testing methods based on European standards, directives, methods. In the Russian standard, all methods are national, well-known, and laboratories are equipped with appropriate equipment for conducting such studies.

In accordance with the European standard, it is possible to produce products with low strength and thermal performance. This possibility is excluded in the Russian standard, and brands are presented that provide only "high" quality. This is done so that there are no products of inadequate quality, manufactured in accordance with GOST, on the market.

Diversity is a wealth of choice

When preparing new standards, all experience in the development of many industry regulatory and technical documents at various levels was used.

All presented standards according to the Russian legislation are voluntary for application. They become mandatory only if the parties agree on an order for the production of products according to a particular standard. According to Federal Law 184 "On Technical Regulation", the designer must have an alternative choice of the regulatory framework in force in the country.

Thus, Russian manufacturers of expanded polystyrene products wishing to enter the EU market can manufacture products and receive a Certificate of Conformity to the European Standard. If a designer wants to use domestic products that comply with the European standard on the Russian market, now he has such an opportunity.

In other cases, designers, builders and manufacturers will use the proven methods and clear indicators of the Russian GOST, recognized by the Russian scientific, construction and research environment.

The use of new GOSTs will definitely improve the quality indicators of expanded polystyrene products, increase the level of energy efficiency in construction.

The Association of Producers and Suppliers of Expanded Polystyrene, being the developer of standards and recommendations, an expert center in this field, will also act as a guarantor of the quality of products manufactured by manufacturers, with the assignment of an appropriate distinction mark to their products.

According to the site epsrussia.ru