Bituminous mastic for roofing how to use. Cold applied bituminous mastic - the main points that you did not know about. Types of bituminous mastic

Modern Diversity repair mortars, sealants and rubber tapes for roof repair are often confusing ordinary person. There is a leak, a roof defect has been discovered, but how can a crack or swollen bubble be repaired? Do not hire a professional team for this?

If you are looking for a simple and reliable way to cope with such problems, repair the roof with bituminous mastic, which has been tested by more than one generation of builders. Both cheap and cheerful!

Bituminous mastic is a one- or two-component composition, which is used for waterproofing and roof repair. Such mastics have high resistance to oxidation, ultraviolet rays and a variety of aggressive environments. In addition, bituminous mastic has high elasticity and strength even in the temperature range from -40° to 100°C. What else is needed? Moreover, repairing roofing with such material is as easy as shelling pears:

Benefits of oil-derived mastic

The most common bituminous mastic has a number of valuable advantages:

• Small weight.
• Resistant to almost any aggressive environment.
• Possibility of tinting.
• Simple application that anyone can easily handle.
• Elasticity.
• Sufficient viscosity, which makes such a mastic universal.
• Affordability and economy.
• Insolation resistance.
• Excellent waterproofing properties, thanks to which the repair of the roof is reliable and durable.
• Durability.
• Seamless. The presence of seams and joints is the biggest problem of any roof.
• Particular tensile strength, especially for bituminous mastics with rubber and rubber in the composition.
• Stability and uniformity of application.
• The ability to repair the roof of any shape and design, even the most complex.
• fire resistance. Bituminous mastic is able to withstand fairly high temperatures.

And the most valuable property of bituminous mastic as repair material in that it stretches and contracts without any consequences. After all, every second crack on the roof is subject to expansion (due to the reasons due to which it arose), and ordinary repair compounds without the necessary elasticity simply break. At the same time, bituminous mastic completely takes on the deformation load and copes with it perfectly.

But, so that all these qualities are not lost, buy mastic only good quality from a trusted manufacturer. Otherwise, the result is quite difficult to predict, and any new leaks, while you patch them up again, will have time to deliver a lot of problems. And therefore, the main thing is that the bituminous mastic that you plan to use to repair the roof should be produced in accordance with all GOST standards. And this means:

1. Uniform composition.
2. Ease of application to the area to be repaired.
3. Heat resistance not lower than 70°.
4. No emissions harmful to human health.
5. Excellent adhesive ability.
6. Waterproof and biostability.

Yes, the most famous domestic producers bituminous mastics - Grida, TechnoNIKOL and RusMonolit. Butyl rubber "Polikrov M-140", bitumen-latex "Blam-20", chlorosulfopolyethylene "Polikrov-L" and such as "Elamast" are considered the most high-quality and durable , "Venta-U", "Gekopren" and "Blem-20".

What bituminous mastic is suitable for repair?

But the modern construction market offers big choice a variety of bituminous mastics, which differ in their composition. Conventionally, bituminous mastics, which are used for roofing, are divided into such types.

Cold applied mastic

This is a homogeneous composition, ready for use. If desired, you can dilute it with various solutions, and quickly use it until the solution itself has evaporated and the mastic has returned to its original properties.

Cold bituminous mastic is a salvation for the roof when you need to solve the problem as soon as possible. Moreover, this mastic is universal and suitable for almost any coating. But also preparatory work it does not need - no fire, no gas burner.

Plus, the most amazing moment: cold mastic is allowed to be applied even on a wet coating! It - perfect option when you need to urgently stop a leak in the roof.

Note that some types of cold mastics still need to be slightly warmed up - only up to 30-40 ° C.

Hot applied mastic

You can use bituminous mastic either ready-made, directly from store shelves, or you can make it yourself.

This mastic must be heated to 150-180 ° C. It is important to follow all safety rules here, because it is necessary to apply such a mastic to the repaired places only when hot. But, as soon as the mastic cools down, it will acquire the shape you need.

Cooking bituminous mastic is actually not difficult:

• Step 1. We kindle a good fire.
• Step 2. We put two ordinary bricks on the sides.
• Step 3. We take any old bucket and put a piece of bitumen there.
• Step 4. Stir gently so as not to spill.
• Step 5. Cover a crack or hole in several layers.

And an excellent putty for roof repairs is obtained from hot bituminous mastic, which we prepare from sawdust and dry sand. And you can cook such a mastic yourself, just do everything carefully:

But even in the finished bituminous mastic, you can optionally add your own additives, modifiers and solvents. So, to repair a roof on an inclined plane, so that the applied mastic does not drain, add a thickener, and if the mastic is too thick for a horizontal surface and does not “push” into the crack, use solvents.

Water-based mastic

This type of bituminous mastics is one of the most environmentally friendly. This mastic is safer and easier to apply, and it contains much less toxic substances.

Bituminous mastic with additives and fillers

Today, plasticizers, minerals, and a variety of binders are added to the most common bituminous mastic in order to change its properties in the right direction. And this is good, because to repair the same roof you need different time may need:

• thick enough composition to close the hole;
• liquid enough to isolate the edges of the sheets;
• especially plastic to fasten the two halves of the cracked slate.

Therefore, let's look at each type separately, and you will already decide which one you need at this stage:

Rubber and polyurethane bituminous mastics

Record holders in terms of elasticity are bituminous mastics with rubber and polyurethane. Their protective film, which is formed during the repair, is able to stretch 20 times without tearing!

Bitumen-latex mastic

Another one regarding the new kind bituminous mastic - bitumen-latex. Various synthetic binders and mineral fillers are added to its composition. talking plain language, these are bitumen and latex, which are enriched with fillers such as asbestos, mineral wool fibers and modifiers. What is better than ordinary bituminous mastic? Such repair mix not only durable, but also more water resistant.

Bituminous mastic with oil solvent

But bituminous mastic with an oil solvent does not harden at all. But it makes sense to use it to repair only those roofing elements that are subject to constant vibration. The fact is that bitumen-oil mastic does not form a hard film at all, but it never cracks, is plastic and will retain the integrity of the protection under any conditions.

Bitumen-rubber mastic

And, finally, bitumen-rubber mastic, quite well-known among the inhabitants. It is actively used for cars, but it is also a great option for roof repairs. This mastic is particularly resistant to stretching, shock and vibration. And, most importantly, it also adheres to any surface!

And now - about what to do with all these mastics and how exactly they can repair a variety of roofing defects.

Repair of a soft roof with bituminous mastic

AT summer time, especially in the heat, rolled roofing materials and shingles are subjected to particularly intense heating. The result - swelling in the roofing. Where? The fact is that in any roofing carpet there is a wetter base, which, when heated, releases water vapor (at 60 ° C - a pressure of 2 t / m2). As a result, air and water bags form, bituminous mastic flows out and noticeable bubbles form, sometimes up to 30 cm high!

Typically, the repair of such a roof comes down to replacing or sealing all defective places. All bitumen-based mastics are applied in two ways - mechanically or manually. Of course, for small roofing works it is easier to use a brush and spatula, but a sprayer is more suitable for restoring an old roll coating.

A simple bituminous patch

Problem areas are cleared, covered with mastic and a patch is applied:

Sometimes the patch has to be reinforced with aluminum tape:

Water damage

If the material has already rotted in some place, we do this:

• Step 1. The rotten material needs to be cut out, and it needs to be removed another 10 cm around the damage.
• Step 2. Now we thoroughly clean the recess, which was formed as a result of all this.
• Step 3 Lubricate the area to be repaired with mastic and seal it with another layer of roll material so that the damage site overlaps by 15 cm.

Backlog from the base and air

If the carpet web lags behind the base, then the base itself must be smeared with mastic, the carpet web is pressed against it again, and a patch is glued on top so that the cut is blocked by 10 cm.

With places of swelling, they act differently:

• Step 1. We make a cross-shaped incision.
• Step 2. We bend the canvases on four sides.
• Step 3. Carefully clear the base.
• Step 4. We dry the base, lubricate the bent carpet sheets with bituminous mastic, press it to the base and glue it again.
• Step 5. We patch this place and restore the coating.

Large and small cracks

Roofing roofing material especially often needs bituminous repair: even folded in three layers, it begins to collapse under the sun's rays after 8 years! Its entire surface is slowly but surely covered small cracks, and if moisture also gets into them - write wasted. But you can do it:

If you need to restore the old roofing material, covered with small cracks from old age, then we do this:

• Step 1. Thoroughly clean the roofing material from dust and sprinkles. Use solar oil for convenience, which helps clean up and makes hardened roll materials more elastic and durable. And it is easy to remove the dressing with steel brushes or a spatula.
• Step 2. If necessary, we make patches in problem areas. Each patch must be at least 10 cm larger than the repaired area on each side. Moreover, if you have to glue one patch to another, then overlap each next previous one.
• Step 3. Apply bituminous grease to the cleaned base - with brushes, spray, brushes or rags.
• Step 4. If any patches bulge, they need to be smoothed out. For example, to press some kind of load.
• Step 5. Carefully remove excess mastic around the repaired areas or along the edges of the roof with a spatula.
• Step 6. Sprinkle all repaired places with heated sand, which in the future will protect the mastic from sun rays and won't let it melt.

If cracks in roll roofing small in width, they are cut, garbage is removed from there (and it is there, believe me), they dry well building hair dryer and pour hot mastic with tow. Then they are leveled and, if desired, covered with patches. Approximately according to this technology:

And for the most difficult cases use the so-called flashing method:

Protection against further corrosion

So, with the help of this material, most often they repair places that have succumbed to corrosion:

• Step 1. We clean the roof from dust and dirt.
• Step 2. Hard wire brush remove rust as much as possible.
• Step 3 Carefully sweep away all rusty dust and immediately cover it with bitumen.

In more detail, this process looks like this:

bituminous patches

Patches for hard roofs are also impregnated with bituminous mastic:

• Step 1. We make a patch from tarpaulin or thick burlap, ranging in size from 30 to 200 mm.
• Step 2. We impregnate the patch with bituminous mastic and lay it on the repaired place.
• Step 3 Let it dry well and cover with mastic again.

And it is also difficult to replace bitumen with something when it is necessary to seal the joints with high quality:

So, bituminous mastic is applied to the necessary roofing elements in liquid form. After evaporation of the solvent in it, we get a continuous, seamless film, the thickness of which will depend on how much dry residue was in the mastic. Note that bituminous mastics, in which no solvent was used, do not reduce their thickness of the applied layer.

Even in the mastic for the repair of any other roofs, except for rolled ones, it is advisable to introduce special fillers for viscosity - these are various thickeners and cement. Additionally, in order to protect the repair site from mechanical impacts, to which bituminous mastic is usually unstable, it is desirable to make a protective layer of bituminous sheets, adhesive tape, sand or fine gravel.

What is good, for the treatment of roofing areas with bituminous mastic, it is not necessary to clean rust or old paint, and even more so somehow prepare the base, which is especially troublesome when working at height. Valuable advantage!

The construction market today is full of various repair compounds, sealants and rubber tapes that allow you to repair the roof. Such abundance cannot be called a negative factor - but it significantly complicates the selection process. suitable material. When small defects in the roof are found, an inexperienced master enters the market and is faced with the problem of choice. However, there is a universal solution, time-tested - bituminous mastic. About what bituminous mastic for roofing is, how it differs from other materials and how to work with it, and will be discussed in this article.

By itself, bituminous waterproofing mastic for roofing is a composition that includes one or two components. Such material is ideal for waterproofing and roof repair. Bituminous mastics perfectly withstand exposure to moisture, sunlight and various aggressive environments. In addition, all types of bituminous mastics are very flexible and can operate at temperatures from -40 to +100 degrees.

Advantages of bituminous mastic

The most noticeable and important advantages of bituminous mastic include:

• Light weight of the material;
• Resistant to most aggressive chemicals;
• The possibility of tinting;
• Ease of application to the area requiring repair;
• High elasticity;
• High degree viscosity, allowing the use of mastic in most situations;
• Small cost;
• Profitability;
• resistance to insolation;
• Excellent waterproofing properties, allowing the mastic to be used not only for repairs, but also for sealing any sections of the roof;
• Long service life;
• No seams after applying the mastic;
• High tensile strength (maximum strength indicators have mastics based on rubber or rubber);
• Reliability and uniformity of applying the material to the surface;
• The possibility of applying to any structure, regardless of the complexity of its configuration;
• Fire resistance, which allows mastics to withstand high temperatures.

One of the main advantages of bituminous mastic in relation to roof repair is its ability to stretch and shrink without any restrictions. The fact is that any flaw on the roof expands over time and leads to more serious problems. Most repair compounds that do not have the proper degree of elasticity crack during operation - but bituminous mastic has no such drawback, because when tensile loads appear, it simply gives in to them and completely covers the entire damage area.

However, in order to be able to take full advantage of this advantage, it is necessary to carefully consider the process of choosing mastic - material Bad quality does not have the benefits described above.

Bituminous mastic for roof repair is selected depending on the following standards, which guarantee the high quality of the material:

• The composition must be homogeneous;
• Application to the damaged area should be easy and without any effort;
• A good bituminous mastic for roof repair must withstand temperatures of at least 70 degrees;
• High-quality material does not have secretions that pose a danger to human health;
• Bituminous mastic suitable for repair has a high adhesive power;
• High-quality material does not allow moisture to pass through and is resistant to external factors.

Given these indicators, you can choose the optimal material.

Types of mastic for roof repair

There are many bituminous mastics, the classification of which, depending on the composition and features, is as follows:

1. Cold mastic for a roof.
2. Mastic of hot application.
3. Mastic on water based. This type of bituminous coatings is the most environmentally friendly in comparison with analogues. Water-based mastics for repairs soft roof safe and very easy to apply.
4. Mastic with additives and fillers. The standard composition of mastics can be supplemented with various plasticizers, minerals and other additives that allow changing the final properties of the material. This is very convenient, therefore, such materials can be called the most versatile - one type of composition can be quite thick, another liquid, and the third very plastic. There are many options for mastics with additives, and the choice optimal material carried out according to specific requirements.
5. Rubber and polyurethane mastics. The main advantage of such materials is high plasticity. After applying rubber mastics, a protective film appears that can increase its linear dimensions by 20 times without damage.
6. Bitumen-latex mastics. This material belongs to the most modern mastics. The composition includes various synthetic substances and mineral additives. A distinctive feature of bituminous-latex mastics is maximum water resistance at the same level of mechanical strength.
7. Mastics with oil solvent. Mastics, which include an oil solvent, do not harden over time. After their application, a rigid film does not form, therefore the main area of ​​​​use of such mastics is the processing of roof elements that are constantly exposed to vibration. Otherwise, such a mastic has all the same advantages as conventional compositions.
8. Bitumen-rubber mastics. This option is considered the most "popular" - it is very often used in the most different situations from car work to roof repairs. Bituminous-rubber mastics perfectly withstand dynamic loads and can be connected to surfaces made of any materials.

It is worth talking about cold and hot mastic in more detail - they have some characteristic features.

Cold applied mastic

This type of mastics is ready for use immediately after purchase. Mastic for repairing soft roofs in a cold way can be diluted with additional additives and used immediately - the diluted solution loses its properties very quickly, after which the mastic returns to its original values.

One of the important advantages of cold applied mastics is their ease of use and versatility - cold mastic for roof repair is very quickly prepared and applied to most existing coatings. If necessary, such a composition can even be used for application over wet materials - and such situations arise, for example, when a roof leaks.

Certain types of cold mastics still need to be heated, but to a relatively low temperature - only 30-40 degrees Celsius.

Hot applied mastic

Before using hot bituminous mastic, it must be warmed up. Working temperature is about 150-180 degrees - the specific value depends on the type and characteristics of the material. When working with hot mastic, safety rules must be observed - only heated material can be applied to the surface, and it poses a certain health hazard.

Hot mastic for roof waterproofing is prepared as follows:

• First, a fire is built;
• On both sides of the fire you need to put one brick;
• A piece of bitumen is placed in an ordinary bucket, which is put on fire;
• Warming up bitumen must be constantly stirred, but carefully to avoid splashing;
• The heated material is applied as quickly as possible to the damaged area of ​​the roof.

Ready-made mastic for sealing the roof may well be supplemented with various additives and additives. For example, if the roof in need of repair is sloped, then a thickener must be added to the mastic, and a solvent will be required for an excessively thick material.

Repair of a soft roof with bituminous mastic

Soft roof in hot weather subjected to severe stress, resulting in various defects such as swelling. The reason for the appearance of such defects is the presence of a certain amount of moisture in the soft roof, and when exposed to high temperatures, the structure begins to release water vapor. Because of this, the roof begins to swell, large bubbles appear on its surface and mastic flows out.

Roof repair in this case consists in replacing damaged areas or repairing all damage. In the latter case, when repairing the roof with bituminous mastic, you can use one of two methods of applying the material - manual or mechanical. The choice is made depending on the amount of damage: small defects can be repaired with a brush and spatula, and a spray gun is required to repair a large area.

There are the following repair methods for soft roofs, which are selected depending on the damage:

1. Patch. In the case of minor damage, you can get by with a small patch. To apply it, you need to clear the damaged area, cover with adhesive and put on top of it metal mesh. The grid, in turn, is also filled with bituminous mastic, due to which the entire patch is held in place.
2. Repair of rotted areas. If the roofing material is small area rotten, then it needs to be cut with a small margin. The resulting recess is cleaned, lubricated with mastic and sealed with rolled material with an overlap over the whole place of about 15 cm.
3. Lagging material from the roof or swelling. The sheet lagging behind the base is cut to apply mastic to the supporting elements of the roof. A patch is glued on top with a slight overlap relative to the cut. If the coating is swollen, then it will have to be cut crosswise, bent, cleaned and dried, after which the bent elements are smeared with bituminous mastic and glued in place. A patch must be applied over the restored coating.

A separate item is the elimination of cracks of various sizes. Most often, such damage occurs when using roofing material - it begins to crack, without having served even ten years. Moisture, of course, gets under the cracks, and the entire roof structure can be seriously damaged because of this.

To restore the old roofing material, you need to do the following:

1. First, the coating is cleaned from various pollution and sprinkles. For cleaning, you should use solar oil, and to remove sprinkles - a steel brush or spatula.
2. For the most problematic places, patches are made that fit with a slight overlap. Using several patches, you need to stack them so that they partially overlap each other.
3. The prepared base is covered with bituminous mastic.
4. When swelling some patches, you need to get rid of this influence by pressing them with a heavy object or something similar.
5. Excess bitumen for roof repair, squeezed out from under the patches, must be collected with a spatula.

When dealing with small cracks in a soft roof, you can get by with a cut, cleaning dirt from under them, drying and pouring heated mastic. Optional for best effect, it is possible to close such damage with patches.

Rigid roof repair and waterproofing

Bituminous mastic can also be successfully used to repair a hard roof. Most often it is used to repair and further protect damaged areas from corrosion. For repair, it is necessary to clean the surface affected by corrosion, clean off the rust and sweep it away. After that, a mastic is applied to the area for metal roofing.

For greater efficiency when repairing hard roofing materials, patches are impregnated with mastic. A pre-prepared patch is impregnated, placed in its place and covered with a layer of bituminous mastic. In addition, bituminous mastic is actively used for sealing various structures.

Conclusion

Bituminous mastic is an excellent material for repairing soft and hard roofing. This material is universal, so the use of bituminous mastic for roof waterproofing can be very diverse.

Bituminous mastic for roof waterproofing is a multi-component bituminous material, which is used to create a seamless waterproof coating for roof waterproofing. Produced in 2 types roofing mastics- cold and hot application.

Consumption of bitumen roofing mastic

Bituminous mastic has such an indicator as consumption per m2, which depends on its composition. The more modifiers are added to the mastic (substances that improve the quality and plasticity of the material), the lower its consumption per m2 of the cultivated area. The consumption of mastics varies from 0.4 to 4.0 kg per m2. Exact figure the manufacturer indicates the consumption on the packaging.

For gluing bituminous roofing materials, repairing a roof or installing a mastic roof, a thicker bituminous mastic is used, usually hot applied, with a consumption of up to 3 kg per 1 m2. This page presents bituminous mastics from TechnoNikol and other manufacturers from the simplest and most inexpensive to the latest innovative developments.

Properties of bituminous mastics for roofing

Bituminous mastic for roofing applications is made from quality bitumen, solvents, fillers and polymer additives. Each type of mastic has its own original recipe, which provides the desired properties for each specific brand of this material. But there are general properties that all types of cold bituminous mastics have, namely:

• excellent waterproofing performance
• good heat resistance
• elasticity after drying
• full compatibility with other bituminous materials

The use of bituminous mastics for roof waterproofing

For waterproofing works it is necessary:

• free the surface to be insulated from debris, dirt, dust, ice;
• treat with a primer for better adhesion of the base and mastic;
• mix the mastic thoroughly;
• apply in layers with a brush, roller, spatula or by pouring, followed by leveling with a special rake.

Bituminous mastics of hot application can be bought:

• at one of our warehouse complexes in Moscow or Moscow region;
• order delivery to the object from our warehouse or from the manufacturer;
• order a collection car with various types bituminous materials;
• order wholesale.

BUY IN ONE PLACE, SAVE ON SHIPPING, USE DISCOUNTS FOR LOYAL CUSTOMERS

One of the most important parts of protecting any building from external environment is the roof. It is subject to the influence of weather conditions and other atmospheric phenomena, therefore it is the high-quality roofing of the building that ensures the trouble-free operation of the building. Coating waterproofing is a simple but reliable roof covering. And performing work using bituminous mastic is a popular way to perform high-quality waterproofing.

One of the factory packaging

The mastic consists of a viscous soft substance with a saturated dark color. Its composition includes bitumen with additional components. Quartz, lime, ash, mineral wool are used for filling. The filler provides the elasticity of the coating after hardening and prevents cracking during temperature changes. Bituminous mastic is used for roof repair and in other areas of construction.

Roofing mastic is intended for work with the roof of the building, its waterproofing.

The popularity of bituminous mastic provides a certain set of characteristics:

• Ease of application;
• Elasticity;
• Ability to withstand temperature changes;
• Light weight;
• Durability;
• Possibility of painting.

Types of bituminous mastic

Bituminous mastics differ in the number of components in the composition: one-component and two-component. The one-component composition includes a solvent that evaporates after applying the layer. When the solvent evaporates, the composition on the surface of the soft becomes elastic and durable. Such mastics are available in ready-to-use form.

Two-component are available in two formulations that must be mixed. This allows you to change the properties of the material under real building conditions.

Depending on the application, cold and hot bituminous mastics are available on the market.

Remember that there are also latex and polymer-based mastics, combined types. Choice combined options has like positive features, as well as negative ones. For example, bitumen-polymer mastic has a significant drawback - it cannot be used in regions where the temperature drops below -20 degrees.

According to the diluent, mastics are divided into three types:

• With organic solvent content;
• With liquid organic matter;
• Water based.

Water-based mastics are one of the environmentally friendly methods of waterproofing soft roofs, as they contain only natural ingredients, and the application process is safe for health.

Cold and hot mastic

Hot bitumen mastic is heated to 180 degrees before application. It hardens quickly due to the addition of a solvent to the hot mixture. When interacting with air and evaporating the solvent, the composition acquires elasticity and other characteristics necessary for operation. Working with such materials due to high temperatures is more laborious than when working with cold materials, moreover, it is unsafe and requires precautions.

Cold mastic hardens more slowly, but the application process is less laborious. In some types, a solvent is added before use. The use of this type of roofing at temperatures below 5 degrees Celsius requires preheating to forty - fifty degrees.

We add that this material is easy to use and does not require the use of sophisticated equipment or special professional skills.

Application area

Bitumen mastic is used as an independent coating for roof waterproofing on a rolled, steel, concrete or wooden base. These compounds are also used as a material for repair work and waterproofing of roof areas where other (roll) materials cannot be used.

mastic roofing has a number of advantages over other insulators:

• The coating without seams and joints eliminates the leakage of the roof;
• High level of waterproofing;
• Fire safety and environmental friendliness;
• There is no need to dismantle the old coating;
• Affordable price of materials.

The service life of such a coating without repair work is from 10 to 15 years.

Bituminous roofs are made with or without reinforcement. An unreinforced roof is a coating in several layers. The bottom layer of bitumen emulsion serves as a waterproofing surface, and on top it is covered with hot mastic with the addition of gravel or mineral chips.

Reinforced consists of a kind of "carpet", which is made up by applying several layers in addition to the reinforcing material.

There is still combined type, which uses a certain amount roll materials with gluing with hot mastic. This allows the use of inexpensive bituminous mastic in the lower layers.

Bituminous mastic is suitable for waterproofing soft roofs. This is advantageous in that the material takes the form of a platform, even if it has small inconsistencies and irregularities. On a soft roof, after hardening, an elastic and hard surface with a high water-repellent effect is formed.

The principle of the construction of a mastic roof

Work begins on a cement screed, coating with rolled material or other surfaces that are primed in advance with a bitumen-based liquid mortar. The joints with the drain and other surfaces are reinforced. At the same time, the slope of the slope of the soft roof is taken into account.

• If the slope is more than 15 degrees, then the surface is reinforced with two layers of fiberglass and covered with three layers of mastic. Additionally paint over the top layer.
• When tilted within 15 degrees, two layers of double reinforcement are sufficient, which cover the additional protective layer from gravel.
• If the slope is insignificant and is within ten degrees, then the surface is reinforced with two duplicate layers with the same number of layers of mastic.

Roof covering video:

For long-term and complete protection against water, choose products that are known for their high quality and have long established themselves in the building materials market.

There are standards by which the quality of bituminous mastic is evaluated. Technical standards and GOST put forward the following requirements:

• environmental friendliness of products - the absence of harmful substances in the composition;
• good fluidity when hot, and when heated - easy rolling over the surface;
• heat resistance level - more than 70 degrees;
• homogeneous composition;
• shelf life corresponding to the documentation, preservation of all characteristics of the composition during the period of operation declared by the manufacturer.

If you focus on the price range, then, looking at the prices of cold and hot mastics, you will notice that the prices for hot formulations are higher than for cold ones. This is due to the fact that the first one contains additional components. However, hot compositions are consumed more economically, which is more profitable in large volumes. Therefore, select material such as, depending on your goals.

In contact with

Roof sealing is one of the most important stages in construction. Laying a high-quality coating is not enough - it is also necessary to isolate all vulnerable areas from moisture. For this, special roofing sealants are designed - their wide selection will help to qualitatively process any roof, ensuring its strength, moisture resistance and maintainability. Sealing layers are applied both directly to the joints and seams of the coating, and under the roof itself.

Sealants are used both during the construction process and during scheduled and urgent repairs. It:

• elimination of seams between sheets (or other elements) roofing, especially on roofs with a slight slope;
• sealing joints between roofing and other materials;
• elimination of cracks in the area of ​​chimneys, drains, ventilation shafts, antennas and other elements that violate the integrity;
• processing of inclined skates;
• insulation of cold bridges;
• quick repair leaks.

Manufacturers offer six main types of roofing sealants. Let's consider each of them in detail.

Ambulance roof

Sealing tapes - easy to use

Tape sealant is one of the cheapest and most actionable solutions to protect the roof. Its main advantages:

• good resistance to low temperatures and sunshine;
• ease of application;
• convenient and fast replacement;
• thick and tight bituminous layer;
• high mechanical strength;
• durability.

Sealing joints on slate

The tape is widely used as patches when repairing bituminous roofing, for isolating joints, sealing vapor barrier films, repair of seam metal roofs and drainage systems.

Roof sealing tape as a waterproofing is well suited for people without building experience, it is applied to the seams and joints like construction tape.

Bituminous sealant is the best choice for metal roofing

Bituminous sealant is mainly used for sealing metal roofing (corrugated board, metal tiles and other varieties), tiles and roofing material. Disadvantages include high toxicity and low resistance to high temperatures However, it also has a number of advantages:

• the possibility of coloring the color of the roofing;
• excellent moisture resistance;
• high strength and durability;
• elasticity;
• high-quality coupling with both wet and dry surfaces;
• nice price.

Rubber and silicone sealants and their properties

Professional roof treatment

Silicone mixes are sold both in standard gun packs and in buckets for use with an advanced spray gun or builder's roller. This type of sealant is one of the most common and affordable on the market.

The main arguments in favor of the choice:

• multifunctionality;
• resistance to temperature fluctuations and sunlight;
• fast freezing;
• suitable for temporary and long-term isolation.

Silicone compounds are divided into acetic (acetate) and neutral. The latter are significantly inferior in terms of strength, but are less toxic and do not have bad smell.

Tubes with silicone compounds

Acrylic compounds for sealing the roof

Acrylic mixtures are similar in properties to high quality silicone, but have more affordable prices and require ideal dryness of the treated surface.

Advantages:

• there are no solvents in the composition;
• has no smell;
• available on the market in a wide range of color scheme;
• excellent adhesion to porous coatings.

Classic acrylic-based sealants are not the best waterproofing, because they are based on a soluble water dispersion. If, nevertheless, you chose them, then you additionally need to use tape to seal the seams and joints of the coating.

Polyurethane mixtures - simple and fast

Application of the polyurethane mixture is easy

The polyurethane composition is based on polymerized in special conditions resins. The result is a viscous and viscous mixture that is easily applied to any surface. This type of sealant is the most toxic and the most expensive, but the cost is more than offset by the high quality and effectiveness. Its advantages:

• work at the most low temperatures;
• increased resistance to mechanical impact, moisture, corrosion;
• fast freezing;
• ease of application;
• efficiency;
• durability.

Polyurethane roofing sealant is compatible with any material, it creates an ideal waterproofing with high reliability.

Two-component compositions for roof insulation

As part of a two-component mixture, the main material is silicone rubber. It consists of an adhesive paste and a special hardener. Before direct use, the product can be stored for a very long time, but after mixing, the two-component composition should be applied for a certain time - the mixture will begin to polymerize.

Before using a two-component sealant, you need to mix its components

The main advantages of a two-component composition:

• ease of application;
• the range of possible temperatures for application is wide - from -25°С to +40°С;
• the temperature range at which the sealant is able to maintain its properties is even wider - from -70 ° C to +70 degrees;
• excellent adhesion to basic materials - metal, brick, PVC, wood, concrete;
• strong and smooth seam.

Using mastic to seal the roof

In addition to the above sealants, mastic can be used to treat the roof. Mastics are viscous plastic masses obtained by mixing binders with finely dispersed fillers (soot, talc, graphite, and others) and special additives.

Roof waterproofing with bituminous mastic

By mixing the components (various resins and plasticizers, rubber), mastics of various characteristics are obtained.

For waterproofing, bituminous mastic is most often used, but its expensive polymer counterpart is also used (it is distinguished by increased elasticity and adhesion). It is chosen for the installation of roofing roll materials (soft roof). All types of mastics must be applied to surfaces thoroughly cleaned of dust and dirt.

Choosing the Right Sealant for Different Coatings

Varieties of sealants due to their distinctive features may be ideal for a certain type of roof and at the same time be completely unsuitable for another. To decide which roofing sealant better fit for the required coverage, consider the most popular of them.

How to protect a metal roof of different types from moisture

Sealant for metal roofing must meet a number of requirements:

• increased elasticity;
• precipitation resistance;
• strong adhesion to metal;
• enhanced vibration resistance.

The above criteria are best met polyurethane compounds bitumen-rubber sealants that retain plasticity throughout the entire period of operation. Before processing the seams of a metal roof, the surface must be degreased and dried. If urgent isolation is required, products with the ability to be applied to wet materials should be selected.

Attention! For a roof made of roofing iron, the use of silicone insulation is contraindicated - it causes rust.

In terms of its requirements and properties, corrugated board is in many ways reminiscent of metal tiles, so their sealing is carried out in a similar way. The maximum allowable roof pitch is 14 degrees. Special attention is given to the processing of transverse joints of profile sheets. Sealants based on polyurethane and silicone are best suited for such roofing due to their waterproofing properties.

For proper sealing of corrugated roofing, it is necessary to perform following conditions:

1. Before carrying out the procedure, carefully check the joints - they must be dry and clean.
2. Apply corrugated roof sealant in an even layer of 2-3 mm. It is convenient to use polyurethane tape.
3. Sealing should be carried out in dryness and at a positive air temperature.

Installation of metal tiles with waterproofing

When choosing a sealant for a metal roof, given the general similarity with a corrugated board coating, the following sealing features should be considered:

• for gaps up to five millimeters is used silicone sealant;
• for the best result, it is necessary to use silicone with increased resistance to ultraviolet rays;
• the mixture is used to process all joints of the roofing carpet (longitudinal and transverse), ventilation outlet, antenna outlet, as well as the edge of the apron chimney and its joints with coating sheets.

Materials for soft roofing

Soft roof ( flexible tile) has always been one of the most popular species coatings. For global sealing, mastic is most often used. In other cases, you need to consider:

• for flat roof choose liquid rubber - bituminous emulsion or mastic;
• local repair of leaks involves the use of a one-component liquid rubber, a waterproof elastic composition is also suitable;
• for the elimination of seams and joints, sealing tapes for roofing are ideal;
• sealing mastic can be applied without problems even on wet surfaces, boasts excellent adhesion to most common materials and will not blister over time.

Sealing the roof surface before applying soft roofing

Manufacturers and average cost of roofing sealants

Prices for sealants may vary depending on their characteristics, manufacturers and region of sale. On average, you will have to pay for the package:

• bituminous sealant- from 90;
• polyurethane sealant - from 160;
• acrylic sealant - from 100;
• silicone sealant - from 85;
• tape sealant - from 140;
• two-component sealant - from 130 rubles.

Naturally, large packages and wholesale lots always cheaper than small packaging.

The most demanded products on the market under the brands:

• Soudal;
• Makroflex;
• Tytan;
• LIQUID NAILS.

When choosing a suitable roofing sealant, you need to carefully examine the packaging. It is important to pay attention to the setting speed, the possibility of curing in a humid environment, compatibility with the roofing material, weather resistance, the possibility of staining.

The ability to choose the right material for insulation and compliance with all technologies will ensure the required protection of the roof. To do most of the work with your own hands, minimal experience and knowledge is quite enough, but if in doubt, it is recommended to contact professionals who will tell you which sealant is best suited for your coating and carry out its waterproofing with high quality.