A.A. Alexandrov, Technical Director, Russian Monitoring Systems LLC,
V.L. Pereverzev, CEO, CJSC "St. Petersburg Institute of Thermal Power Engineering", St. Petersburg

Currently in Russia, when creating new heating networks channelless laying(i.e. laid directly into the ground) regulatory documents require the use of steel pipes with industrial thermal insulation made of polyurethane foam (PPU) in a polyethylene sheath, equipped with conductors of the operational system remote control(SODK) moisture insulation. Their application is aimed at increasing the efficiency and reliability of heating networks and is based on the technologies of foreign companies. The technology includes diagnostics, which consists in determining the change in electrical resistance when moisture appears in the PPU insulation between the pipe and the signal conductor laid along the entire pipeline, and localizing the place of moisture by the location method.

Such diagnosing of heat pipelines makes it possible to detect defects arising during construction and operation, to localize the places of their occurrence.

Detection and localization of defects can be carried out using special devices in three ways.

1. Portable detector to determine the presence and type of defect (frequency - 1 time in 2 weeks). A portable locator for localizing the place of occurrence of a defect (periodicity - according to the results of measurements by the detector).

2. Stationary detector to determine the presence and type of defect (periodicity - constantly 24 hours a day). A portable locator for localizing the place of occurrence of a defect (periodicity - according to the results of the detector operation, taking into account the scheduled time of arrival of the operator with the locator).

3. A stationary locator to determine the presence and type of a defect with simultaneous localization and fixation of the place of its occurrence (frequency - probing pulses once every 4 minutes (constantly 24 hours a day)).

Currently in Russia, according to SP 41-105-2002, only the first two

a method for determining defects in thermal networks in polyurethane foam insulation equipped with conductors of the ODK. The effectiveness of these methods raises many questions among specialists servicing heating networks, and the localization of defect occurrence sites with the help of portable locators turns into a laborious operation that does not always lead to correct results. To determine the reason for the low efficiency of the existing UEC systems in Russia, comparative analysis principles for constructing imported and domestic SODK, from which the main differences of a fundamental nature can be distinguished:

Lack of requirements normative documents compliance with the parameter - the complex resistance (impedance) of the PPU pipe with the UEC as an electrical element;

Non-compliance with the distance from the metal surface of the element to the conductors of the UEC in pipes and fittings (moreover, a variable distance parameter is set in the norms - from 10 to 25 mm);

Absence of devices for matching the line of interrogation of conductors of the UEC with locators (reflectometers);

Application of NYM type cables with a high attenuation coefficient of the probing pulse for connecting conductors UEC pipelines and terminals.

To determine effective ways to search for defects in the insulation of pre-insulated PPU pipelines, specialists from RMS LLC, CJSC SPb ITE and SUE TEK SPb tested various interrogation lines of the UEC system (using NYM type cable, coaxial cable and various reflectometers) on a full-scale pipeline models with reproduction of typical insulation defects.

On the territory of the “EAP” branch of the State Unitary Enterprise “TEK SPb”, a PPU section of the pipeline of the heating network of conditional diameter Du57 was installed using fittings, a bellows compensator and an end element (Fig. 1, photo 1).

To simulate defective sections of the heating network, unsealed joints with tin gutters were left on the model (photo 2). The remaining joints are made by pouring foaming components using heat-shrink sleeves.

When installing the UEC system in accordance with SP 41-105-2002 (NYM type cable), a 10-meter cable was used from the point of connecting the reflectometer to the pipeline and a 5-meter cable at the intermediate end element.

The installation of the UEC system according to the EMS (ABV) technology (using a connecting coaxial cable and matching transformers of the “connecting wire - signal conductor” line) was carried out with a 10-meter coaxial cable from the reflectometer connection point to the pipeline (photo 3).

To reduce losses in the interrogation line, the reflectometer was connected to the cable using coaxial fittings.

The measurements were carried out with REIS-105 and mTDR-007 reflectometers (taking reflectograms) when simulating the most probable types of defects in the heating network: break, short circuit conductor on the pipe, single and double moistening of the insulation (in different places).

As part of this experiment, the possibilities of combined use various cables when installing the line for interrogation of the signal conductors of the SODK (the presence of a through terminal) in the following sequence: coaxial cable - conductor of the UEC - cable NYM - conductor of the UEC with a break in the conductors at the end of the interrogation line.

As a result of the tests and measurements carried out, the following conclusions can be drawn.

1. The attenuation of the probing pulse in an NYM cable (Fig. 2b) is several times higher than in a coaxial cable (Fig. 2a). This reduces the length of the examined area, limiting effective application locator in the areas from camera to camera (150-200 m).

2. Due to heavy losses the power of the probing pulse, when it passes through the NYM cable, it is necessary to increase its energy by increasing the pulse duration, which leads to a decrease in the accuracy of determining the distance to the pipeline defect.

3. The absence of matching elements at the transitions "cable - pipe", "pipe - cable" leads to a change in the shape of the reflected pulses, smoothes their fronts and reduces the accuracy of determining the location of the insulation defect (Fig. 3).

Russian pipes in polyurethane foam insulation have different wave properties and parameters from imported ones. The complex electrical resistance (impedance) of pipes and fittings in practice varies from 267 to 361 ohms (ABB pipes have an impedance of 211 ohms), so the use of foreign matching devices on our pipes is impossible (RMS LLC has developed matching devices for PPU pipes manufactured according to Russian standards, there is a positive experience of their practical application on real objects).

This paragraph of the conclusions should be emphasized, in view of its importance for the operation of the SODK.

The spread of impedance for different pipe elements leads to variation of the so-called velocity coefficient for these pipe elements. As is known, measurements are carried out at one shortening factor common to the entire pipeline. Thus, having sections with different shortening factors along the pipeline, we will get a discrepancy between the measured electrical parameters and the actual physical parameters of the pipelines, and the discrepancy will be the greater, the longer the pipeline and the more fittings on it (from practice, the discrepancy reaches up to 5 m per 100 meter section of the pipeline).

For quality design executive documentation according to SODK, it is necessary to control not only the insulation resistance and ohmic resistance of the conductor loop, but also the measurement of the coefficient of shortening of each mounted pipe element using a reflectometer, fixing the measurement results on the executive pipeline diagram. Otherwise, errors in the search for wire breaks and moisture insulation will lead to an increase in production costs. repair work due to a significant increase in the volume of excavation and restoration work.

The lack of impedance rationing allows unscrupulous manufacturers to use varnished copper winding wire as conductors in the production of pipes in polyurethane foam insulation. This allows you to get excellent installation electrical characteristics and "eternally serviceable" pipeline, regardless of any dampening of the insulation. UEC system, in that case, is a useless, sham application.

Since the impedance depends on the dielectric constant of the medium and the distance from the pipe to the conductor, the use of non-standard methods for the production of pipes leads, as a rule, to an increase in the impedance and, as a consequence, the coefficient of shortening of the pipe element. Impedance rationing would make it difficult for low-quality pipes to enter the market.

5. The use of NYM cables as a communication line between the locator and the PPU pipeline with SODK, as well as connectors between different sections of pipelines, completely excludes the use of stationary specialized fault locators (Fig. 4) and does not allow considering the heating network as an object of automation and dispatching, leaving significant costs for crawlers and service staff(Table 1).

6. The use of different types of connecting cables on one controlled section of the pipeline is inefficient.

The most effective are the UEC systems based on the use of coaxial cables with matching devices. Such UEC systems are fully compatible with PPU pipe conductor control devices (the use of which is prescribed by SP 41-105-2002) and can significantly increase the efficiency of their use.

The use of coaxial communication cables between pipelines will open up the possibility of using specialized stationary fault locators for heating networks. Which, in turn, will allow:

Consolidate the local UEC systems into a single network with the necessary hierarchy;

Display the status of local SODKs on the central control room indicating the specific location of the network defect (an example of the implementation of such a system can be the experience of the State Unitary Enterprise "TEK SPb");

Promptly take measures to eliminate defects at the initial stage of their occurrence;

Reduce the cost of operating the UEC systems (Table 1);

Save significant funds on emergency repairs of heating networks (Table 2);

Increase the reliability of networks by reducing emergency shutdowns;

Obtain objective information about defects and the state of thermal and waterproofing in the heating network by eliminating the influence of the subjective human factor in such matters.

In conclusion, it should be noted that the UEC system of pipelines only at first glance seems simple and even primitive in installation. Most construction organizations entrust the installation of SODK to ordinary electricians who install SODK like ordinary lighting networks or underground cable glands. As a result, instead of effective remedy organizations that operate heating networks receive a useless application to the heating network.

It should also be noted that well-mounted UEC systems make it possible to realize all the advantages of pipelines with polyurethane foam insulation, in particular, to automate the search for places of moisture and damage to pipeline insulation to the maximum extent possible, and to increase the accuracy of determining these places. Pipelines with other types of insulation (APB, PPM, etc.) in principle do not have such advantages.

Installation of SODK should be carried out by professional organizations that understand all the subtleties and nuances in detecting defects using reflectometers, having necessary equipment, practical experience building and setting up systems. Only professionals are able to create efficient systems - SODK is no exception to this rule.

Literature

1. SP 41-105-2002. Design and construction of thermal networks of channelless laying from steel pipes with industrial thermal insulation from polyurethane foam in a polyethylene sheath.

2. SNiP 41-02-2003. Heating network.

3. Slepchenok V.S. Experience in the operation of a communal heat and power enterprise. Uch. allowance - St. Petersburg, PEIpk, 2003, 185 p.

The UEC system allows you to monitor the condition of the pipeline, promptly signal a malfunction and accurately indicate the location of any defect. The presence of the UEC system significantly saves cash and reduces the time spent on pipeline maintenance.

The control system allows to detect the following defects:

• Damage metal pipe(fistula).
• Damage to the polyethylene sheath.
• Breakage of signal conductors.
• Shorting the signal conductors to a metal pipe.
• Poor connection of signal wires at the joints.

Composition of the UEC system

The operational-remote control system is a special set of instruments and auxiliary equipment(which will be referred to as the elements of the UEC system in the future) with the help of which the condition of the pipeline is monitored. The exclusion of any element from the system violates its integrity and normative functionality.

The control system includes the following components:

• Signal conductors
• Control and measuring equipment (damage detectors, pulse reflectometer - locator, control and installation device "Robin KMR 3050 DL").
• Switching terminals.
• Connecting cables.
• Ground and wall carpets.
• Materials and equipment for installation.

Signal conductors

Purpose

All pipelines and shaped products(tees, bends, valves, fixed supports, compensators) must be equipped with signal conductors. With the help of signal wires (a signal is transmitted through them - a current or a high-frequency pulse), the state of the pipeline is determined.

Technical specifications

Conductor configuration

The signal wires installed inside the thermal insulation layer of polyurethane foam are pulled parallel to the manufactured pipe and geometrically placed at “3” and “9” or “2” and “10” hours.

Functional purpose of conductors

Mounted wires are exactly the same, however, according to their purpose, they are divided into main and transit wires.
The main wire is a signal conductor that enters all its branches during the installation of the heating main. This wire is the main one for determining the state of the pipeline, as it repeats its contour.
The transit wire is a signal conductor that does not go into any branch of the heating main, but runs along the shortest path between the start and end points of the pipeline and mainly serves to form a signal loop.

Installation of conductors during construction

During the construction of the heating main, the installation of conductors is carried out at the butt joints of the pipeline.
The installation of wires must be carried out in such a way that the main signal wire is on the right in the direction of water supply to the consumer on all pipelines, and all side branches must be included in the break of the main signal wire. Side branches it is forbidden to connect to the transit wire.

Connecting wires at the joints

The signal wires are connected to each other respectively: main to main, and transit to transit.
With the help of pliers, the wires twisted into a spiral are carefully straightened and stretched and, avoiding kinks, are arranged parallel inside.
Wires are stripped with sandpaper from the remnants of foam and paint, and then carefully degreased.
The wires should be stretched and cut off excess parts so that there is no slack when connecting.
Insert wire ends into crimp sleeve and crimp the sleeve on both sides using crimping pliers.
After that, the resulting connection must be irradiated using an inactive flux, POS-61 solder and a gas soldering iron (or electric, if there is a 220V power supply), the wire connection is heated with a soldering iron, after a few seconds it heats up to the melting temperature of the solder.
The connection is soldered correctly when the solder fills the ferrule on both sides.
To check if the connection is correct, pull the signal wires to check if the splice is OK.
Press the wires into special slots in the wire holders previously attached to the metal pipe.

PSK Polistroy, in addition to manufacturing products with PPU, provides services for insulating joints on a heating main, installation and commissioning of the UEC system, delivery of the UEC system at the facility of the operating organization, diagnostics and repair.

Insulation of joints on the heating main

Steel has already proven its effectiveness in our country. The most “thin” moment when laying them is the insulation of the joints. The pipe itself is protected from corrosion at the factory, but the joints require good sealing. Even ground water do not come close to the surface of the pipe, dew may fall on them during a heat cut. Moisture will enter through the joint, and the entire pipe will corrode.

The better the isolation, the less chance of an emergency. The most efficient connection method is the use of couplings. We offer heat-shrinkable, electro-welded, galvanized sleeves, as well as hot-melt adhesives and foam kits.

We isolate the joints of pipes with a diameter of 110 to 1600 mm.

Installation and commissioning of the UEC (SODK) system

The UEC system helps to control the state of the heat-insulating layer of the heating network and detect places of moisture. This system works not only during operation, but also during installation. You can track how well the joints are insulated. With its help, accidents are prevented, because the information arrives in advance.

SODK is included in the mandatory program for laying pipelines in PPU insulation in accordance with GOST 30732-2006. The cost of the system is no more than 2% of total cost project, and the benefits from it are enormous. It should be noted that one device with a portable detector is capable of monitoring several objects.

The system includes:

• signal conductors in thermal insulation;
• terminals at the points of control and switching of signal conductors;
• cables for connecting signal conductors to terminals at control points;
• portable and stationary detectors;
• devices for determining the exact location of damage or leakage;
• insulation testers;

The company PSK Polistroy provides services for the design and calculation of UEC systems, the installation of SODK on the highway.

Commissioning of the UEC system at the facility of the operating organization

After installation and debugging, the company's specialists will test all elements of the pipeline. After testing, a survey of the parameters of the UEC system is carried out with the issuance of an act of preliminary delivery. The final delivery of the heating network control system to the operating organization is carried out by the installation organization together with the PSK Polistroy company.

Diagnostics and repair

If a leak appears during the operation of the heating network, it is not difficult to detect it using the UEC system. The insulation of the signal wires gets wet and the signal is weakened or interrupted. A specific place is determined by a device - a reflectometer.

Reflectometers detect breakage of signal conductors, wetting of the insulating layer of polyurethane foam. It is important that the operation of the heating network does not stop during diagnostics. These devices are able to indicate the problem even before the damage detectors are triggered, store the results of previous measurements, and connect to a computer to plot the dynamics.

Specialists of the PSK Polistroy company will not only find the place and cause of the malfunction of the heating network, but also eliminate the pre-emergency situation.

We will be glad to cooperate with you!

Description:

A. V. Aushev, General Director of Termoline LLC

S. N. Sinavchian, cand. tech. Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of RL-6 MSTU. N. E. Bauman

networks central heating and hot water supply are a heat-insulated metal pipe that creates a sealed circuit for moving liquids under pressure up to 1.6 MPa. In the conditions of the city, the task of controlling its tightness is determined both by the need to preserve its functionality, which means reducing heat carrier losses and saving thermal energy, and by the safety requirements of citizens.

One of the methods for monitoring the tightness of a metal pipeline is to control the pressure in it. However, a number of reasons, such as the presence of a coolant flow by the consumer, the dependence of pressure on temperature in a closed volume, and the low accuracy of pressure gauges, make this method very rough.

Detection of leaks in channel and non-channel laying of heat pipelines

Heat pipes can be divided into two groups:

• having an additional hermetic shell of thermal insulation along the entire length (channelless laying),
• with a leaky insulation shell, which mainly performs the functions of its fixation (channel gasket).

Let's consider these groups from the point of view of ensuring the possibility of detecting and localizing the location of a coolant leak.

channel lining are used, as a rule, for pipelines, the insulating layer of which is not protected by an additional waterproofing sheath along the entire length. For channel laying pipelines, leak detection is possible only when using special equipment. Such equipment are acoustic and correlation leak detectors, the principle of which is based on determining the location of a powerful source of sound and vibration vibrations when the liquid flows out of the sealed circuit.

Thermal imagers are also used, the data of which make it possible to determine the location of the maximum level of infrared radiation of the soil, heated by the coolant flowing uncontrollably from the pipeline. Sometimes a chemical analysis of groundwater and wastewater is used, the determination of the presence of a coolant in which indicates a rupture of the pipeline.

However, in urban conditions, the presence of adjacent communications (where the coolant goes), as well as the uneven depth and surface of the soil above the pipeline, make it difficult to determine the location of the leak when using thermal imagers and chemical analysis water. Finding the location of a pipeline rupture during channel laying, as a rule, consists in integrated approach when performing these works. In addition, none of the listed methods can be implemented with cheap permanently installed equipment, so there is no economically available possibility of automatic notification of an emergency on the pipeline.

For channelless laying only pipelines are applicable, the heat-insulating layer of which is protected by an additional outer waterproofing sheath. However, this shell not only serves as a barrier to external ground or melt water, but also is an obstacle to the penetration of the coolant into the coating in case of loss of tightness of the metal pipe. In this case, the outflow of the coolant into the sprinkling is not accompanied by a powerful release acoustic noise and vibration, as it happens with channel laying, which is the reason for the low efficiency of the use of acoustic and correlation methods.

The only way (of the above for channel laying pipelines) to determine the presence and location of depressurization of a metal pipeline or outer shell is to use thermal imagers. However, in urban conditions, this method cannot be considered accurate, and automation of emergency notification is not available.

Operational remote control systems for pipelines

The use of an operational remote monitoring system (SOODK) for pipelines in polyurethane foam (PPU) insulation is the only possible guaranteed way to control the state of insulation of a channel laying pipeline. SODK is a complex of an instrument part and a pipe part, consisting of two copper conductors located in the thickness of the insulation parallel to the metal pipeline along its entire length (Fig.). When the insulation becomes wet due to depressurization of the metal pipe and the outer polyethylene sheath, its resistance decreases sharply, which is detected by stationary devices for monitoring the state of the insulation.

According to the data of the detectors, SODK must be recorded at least once every two weeks. The collection of information is traditionally carried out by employees of the maintenance service - "walkers", whose task is not only to bypass many points, but also to record stationary and portable insulation state detectors on paper. The volumes of the introduction of pipelines in polyurethane foam insulation, equipped with SODK, increasing every year, do not allow them to be effectively controlled by bypass, which is the reason for the need to use dispatching systems (see reference).

Dispatch Benefits

Once again, we note that automatic control of the tightness of the metal pipe and the outer shell is implemented only for pipelines in PPU insulation of the channel lining, equipped with SODK. Permanent remote monitoring of the condition of such pipelines has the following advantages over traditional way collection of information:

• Instant notification of a change in the state of the pipeline and the integrity of the SODK.

According to clause 9.2: "For the prompt detection of pipeline damage, it is necessary to ensure regular monitoring of the state of the SODK (at least twice a month) using a detector." During this time, if a metal pipe breaks through, the entire section of the pipeline with polyurethane foam insulation may fail. It is possible for water to spread inside the thermal insulation of the pipeline (between the PPU insulation and the shell, as well as the PPU insulation and the metal pipe) for tens of meters in a short time. Efficient operation of such sections is impossible in the future, the process of their wetting is irreversible, which leads to the need to re-lay tens of meters of the pipeline.

We especially note that the loss of the integrity of a metal pipe in PPU insulation is not accompanied by a sharp drop in pressure in the system, as happens in channel laying pipelines. This is due, firstly, to the tightness of the polyethylene sheath, and secondly, to the channelless method of laying the pipeline in polyurethane foam insulation. The pressure in the pipe can be maintained even when the distribution of network water along the pipeline for tens of meters. This fact indicates the impossibility of detecting an emergency on a pipeline in PPU insulation, except with the help of a serviceable SODK. Within two weeks of not taking readings from the detectors, soil erosion is possible, which will lead to the collapse of the bearing layers of the soil, and this, in turn, in urban conditions can lead not only to great material damage, but also to human casualties.

• Elimination of false calls.

The specifics of the work of "walkers" determines the possibility of fixing false information or the lack of transmission of real information about the readings of the detectors to emergency services. Often, when the response teams arrive, the readings of the detectors correspond to normal operation pipeline, and a false call is associated with the incompetence of the "crawler". But it is worse if he did not record or transmit information about the accident on the highway. Employees of the operation service or a third-party organization (working under a contract) responsible for taking readings on site by a bypass method may not actually visit the monitored facilities, while they themselves record the “normal” state of the pipeline, because they know that at this stage no one is there controls. Then the time of soil washing out exceeds two weeks, which significantly exacerbates the consequences of an accident on the pipeline and increases the length of the required replacement. By excluding the human factor from the emergency notification chain, we significantly increase the reliability of pipelines in PU foam insulation.

• Exclusion of the corruption component.

It is possible that an employee of the operation service responsible for taking readings on site, for some reason, deliberately tries to hide or distort the real state of the pipeline - for example, the same employee commissioned a pipeline in inadequate quality or with a faulty SODK. When organizing remote control, it is possible to eliminate the corruption component that occurs during the acceptance of pipelines into operation. Such an approach would also provide more high quality handed over pipelines, as it is accepted into operation by one employee, and controlled through the PD by another.

• Application of multilevel detectors.

As a rule, single-level stationary damage detectors are installed on heating mains. They signal the wetting of the pipeline, in which the resistance of its insulation is reduced to only 5 kOhm. The use of multilevel detectors with a current output makes it possible to detect a pipeline defect at early stage its formation. The detection of the insulation resistance of the controlled pipeline occurs in six ranges, the upper of which corresponds to the ideal state of the insulation (more than 1 MΩ). The rate of resistance decrease from the upper range to the lower one (less than 5 kOhm) indicates the size of the defect: the higher the rate, the greater the pipeline defect.

• Ease of perception of the received information, its processing and storage.

Today, all information received from crawlers is stored mainly on paper and is practically not amenable to statistical processing. The data collected by the dispatching system is not only more voluminous, complete and reliable, but also makes it possible to process it using various algorithms of mathematical analysis. This allows you to filter out seasonal changes in the state of the pipeline insulation, false alarms, and errors caused by the human factor. Using a special software allows you to automatically generate reports on the state of pipelines, track the nature and speed of response of personnel on the ground, and, if a sufficient sample is accumulated, conduct statistical analysis information on the use of pipelines with polyurethane foam insulation.

• Flexibility of the dispatching system.

The stability and quality of functioning of any telemetry system depends on the correct organization of the architecture of interaction of its components. The usual structure of the dispatching system provides for the collection of data from geographically distributed controlled objects (often of the same type) to a single center. There are other options: multi-level construction of control rooms, local nodes for collecting or relaying data, and others, but they do not change the essence of the centralized construction of the system. At the same time, the size of the system, depending on the object, can be either small (in the case of a quarter, enterprise) or gigantic (branch, city, region).

• Economic expediency.

The role of automation and modernization of the technological equipment of utility networks in modern reality is not only to improve the quality of public service, but also to reduce the cost of providing heat transport and hot water. Important economic factors for reducing operating costs are the lack of a fund wages"walkers", their material support, the lack of the need for training, control and accounting. There are also no additional difficulties associated with organizing the access of "walkers" to the premises where the detectors are installed. Special meaning has a speed of delivery of information about an emergency, which is the main positive economic indicator.

The listed advantages of systems for dispatching the indications of the pipeline state detectors in polyurethane foam insulation became the reason for their use in the early 2000s. The first mentions of positive effects published in . On the this moment in one of the heating networks of the Moscow region, several data transmission systems operate at the same time, exchanging information both according to cable lines, and via the GSM channel.

Ways to implement data transmission systems

First way is the integration of stationary damage detectors as primary sources of information into the architecture of existing telemetry systems that perform monitoring and control tasks technological equipment thermal points. The implementation of this method is possible if the SODK detector has a hardware capability to transfer data to the input lines of a remote controller (the detector must be equipped with special outputs for data transfer such as "current output" or "dry contact"). At the same time, employees of heating networks must have high professional skills for successful visualization, analysis and data storage of detectors on the control panel.

Both cable and GSM data transmission channels are used. This method of data transmission is implemented for monitoring and control of a number of heating points in Moscow, Mytishchi, Reutov, St. Petersburg, Astana.

Second way focused on the use of GSM-telemetry systems, which have found application in the electric power industry, gas industry, banking sector, complexes security and fire alarm. High competition between manufacturers of such complexes is the reason for the emergence a large number reliable and cheap GSM controllers, the use of which in order to monitor the state parameters of pipelines in polyurethane foam insulation is a cost-effective and easy-to-implement solution. The main requirements for GSM telemetry systems are the ability to transfer data from the detector to the controller and the availability of software control panel. This software must provide:

• continuous unlimited control over remote objects;
• visualization of the location of controlled objects on the map of the settlement;
• visual and acoustic notification in case of an accident;
• individual configuration of the "Emergency" signal level for each of the objects;
• stability of data transfer when duplicating by various transport (modem connection, SMS, voice connection);
• the ability to transfer and visualize data from security sensors, temperature sensors, pressure sensors, etc.;
• the possibility of automatic polling of objects;
• sending SMS to the phones of responsible persons in case of emergencies;
• personalized management and storage of information about the actions of the operator in the event log;
• friendly interface, smooth operation, easy operation, etc.

Switching of GSM-controllers with detectors, installation and configuration of remote controllers are carried out independently by employees of instrumentation departments or special divisions, which is greatly simplified due to the availability of detailed instructions. The task of forming a local dispatching console (LDP) at the level of a heating network enterprise is easy to do, since it consists in installing and configuring free and intuitive software. This method is implemented by the enterprises of Novosibirsk, Mytishchi, Zheleznodorozhny, Dmitrov.

Third way scheduling of readings of SODK detectors is proposed in. If the operating organization does not see the need to create its own LDP (lack of adequate funding, personnel or a third-party organization of the appropriate level of training, a small number of facilities), it is possible to use the services of a unified dispatcher console (UDP). The ODP, located in Shchelkovo, Moscow Region, receives information from GSM controllers configured to work with the ODP, installed on the territory of the Russian Federation, the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Republic of Belarus.

Emergency notification of the responsible person of the operating organization in the event of an emergency occurs in any way convenient for him ( Personal Area on the ODP website, Email, cellular telephone, dispatch service, etc.). It also provides for a scheduled survey according to a schedule approved by the operating organization.

The operating organization must ensure the safety of the installed equipment at the installation site of the detector and the remote GSM controller, its uninterrupted power supply and a satisfactory level of the GSM signal (if necessary, the use of a repeater).

Subsequently, remote transfer of data to a newly created LDP by the operating organization is possible. Thus, the use of RTO services becomes a test option for organizing your own LDP.

The method of scheduling the detector readings is determined at the level design work, since the specification, and hence further financing, is formed by a specialist of the design organization, therefore one of the important tasks of the operating organization is to draw up a complete technical assignment indicating the requirements for dispatching the projected pipeline.

Based on the provided terms of reference, the designer must determine the location and configuration of the control point of the pipeline SODK, equipped with a damage detector. A prerequisite The permanent functioning of such a control point is the presence of a power supply of 220 V, 50 Hz in it. Complete sets of control points SODK are also supplied for operation in offline, however, their use is possible only in exceptional cases, since, regardless of the type of power source ( the solar panel or batteries) kits for autonomous operation provide only periodic monitoring of the condition of the pipeline insulation, which is the main way to reduce energy consumption.

The experience of implementing and supplying equipment for dispatching the indications of the state detectors of pipelines in polyurethane foam insulation indicates timeliness, a fairly high level of equipment and economic efficiency this direction. A professional approach allows you to fully automate the process of notification of emergency situations on pipelines of heating networks, which is possible only for pipelines equipped with SODK. At the same time, it is proposed various ways implementation of monitoring of detector readings for different levels vocational training heating network personnel.

Literature

1. STO 18929664.41.105–2013. The system for remote monitoring of pipelines with thermal insulation made of polyurethane foam in a polyethylene sheath or steel protective coating. Design, installation, acceptance, operation.
2. Kashinskiy V. I., Lipovskikh V. M., Rotmistrov Ya. G. Operational experience of pipelines in polyurethane foam insulation in JSC “Moscow Heat Network Company” // Teploenergetika. 2007. No. 7. S. 28–30.
3. Kazanov Yu. N. Organizational and technical modernization of the heat supply system of the Mytishchi region // News of heat supply. 2009. No. 12. S. 13–26.
4. Thermoline LLC. Album of technical solutions for the design of systems for operational and remote control of pipelines in polyurethane foam insulation. M., 2014.

What are pipes in the shell of PPU PE with ODK? These are solid-drawn steel, electric-welded, water-gas-pipe and other products manufactured in accordance with the technical requirements of GOST and industry standards in force in the country of manufacture. The main protection of the metal surface is provided by a special shell made of polyurethane foam. This material is chemically neutral and environmentally friendly. Additional protection represented by a thin polyethylene sheath.

In order to easily determine where the damaged area is located, a remote monitoring system is used. This simple mechanism in the form of wires passing through the shell has proven itself in practice. At present, the UEC system of PPU pipes is actively used when laying main heating networks in Russia, the CIS and far abroad. It is used in pipelines with a polyethylene protective sheath (PE) and galvanized (OC) over polyurethane foam protection. You may also find it useful as a material.

PPU pipes SODK

What key benefits has PPU insulation with UEC, why is it better than a standard shell? When compared with steel pipe, which is protected by mineral wool, the difference is obvious. The service life increases from 8 - 10 years to 25 - 35 years, depending on the complexity of the operating conditions. The main page of the section.

The on-line remote control system (ODK) is used for continuous or periodic monitoring of the state of the PPU layer and helps to detect leaks or moisture in the insulation layer. The appearance of wet areas indicates the presence of a coolant leak, as a result of damage or defect. The presence of the UEC system helps to ensure long-term and trouble-free operation of heating mains. According to GOST 30732-01, the UEC system is an obligatory element of pipelines using PPU insulation.

PPU manufactured in accordance with GOST, UEC will ensure reliable and safe operation pipeline systems. In the event of a breakdown, the expert, using a special device connected to the output of the contacts, will easily determine which area should be repaired.

PPU pipe price with UEC

Contact the representatives of the Regional House of Metal company to find out the availability and quantity of goods in warehouses. Also, the manager can clarify the current cost of PPU PE pipes with ODK and analogues with OTs coating. The price of SODK is less than 0.5-1% of the total cost of the project, depending on the volume, and the benefits are disproportionately greater.

If you are interested in something else, such as a thick-walled pipe, then you are here:.

Experts confirm that the insulation of PPU PE with ODK allows service companies to save huge amounts of money on operation and repair. The control system makes it possible to accurately determine in which section of the pipeline there are damages. Now you do not have to dig hundreds of meters of soil in search of the source of the problem.