Sanding wood with a sander. Choosing a grinding machine. Vibratory wood sander

A grinding machine is called a special construction tool, designed for abrasive cleaning of the surface of all kinds of materials. One of the varieties of such equipment is designed specifically for working with wood. Such grinding machines, in turn, are also divided into several main types.

What type of equipment to choose

Wood sanders can be classified according to several criteria. There are, for example, professional and household tools on the market. Also, a wood sander can be:

angular;

direct;

tape, intended for rough surface treatment;

vibration, used for delicate grinding;

eccentric (orbital).

The latest type of equipment can be used not only for final sanding, but also for polishing wooden surfaces.

Professional or household?

When deciding which sander to choose for wood, you should first take into account how often it will be used on the farm in the future. Professional equipment of this type has very high power and is intended for continuous use and continuous operation during the day. Such tools are made from the highest quality materials and usually have great power. But such machines are often very expensive.

If the tool will be used only from time to time, as needed, it is, of course, worth purchasing its inexpensive budget household version. In most cases, these machines are designed to be used for no more than 20 hours per month. Work a day household tool for wood should be a maximum of 3 hours. In this case, when grinding, you need to take short breaks of 15 minutes.

The power of household equipment is also relatively small. The advantages of such wood sanders include, first of all, their low weight and low cost.

Corner models

It is this type of equipment that living conditions is used most often. In another way, an angle grinder for wood is called an angle grinder. It can be used to process not only timber, boards and logs, but also any other materials. Grinders are used in household not only for grinding surfaces. Very often they are also used to cut metal or stone.

When choosing an angle grinder, you should pay attention to two main factors: the power of the model and the diameter of the disc.A grinder is suitable for sanding wood:

power 600-1000 W;

with a disk rotation speed of about 6000 rpm.

Straight machines

Such equipment is usually used to carry out various types of minor works, requiring high precision. In most cases, straight models of wood sanders are very lightweight. You can even hold them with one hand while working. The spindle in this type of equipment is located parallel to the body. The following machines are used with attachments different types. Therefore, with their help, you can perform not only grinding itself, but also engraving, as well as cutting materials of small thickness.

Tape equipment

A wood sander of this design can be used both at home and in large workshops. Band tools are characterized by high power and productivity. But processing of the material using them can only be done quite roughly.

The main elements of the mechanism tape equipment are:

driven and driving rollers;

support sole;

movable tape.

The power of a belt sander for wood can be 500-1200 W. The rollers in such equipment move at a speed of 75-500 meters per minute.

When choosing equipment of this type, in addition to productivity, you should also pay attention to such a parameter as the width of the belt. You should also look at what model the model has additional functionality. Very often, belt sanders are supplemented, for example, with the following convenient device, like a pipe for a vacuum cleaner. Also, sometimes this type of equipment comes complete with a stationary installation and a frame for measuring the grinding depth.

Vibration models

Belt sander for wood,thus used for rough surface finishing. For more delicate grinding, vibrating equipment is usually used. Workingsolesuchcars has rectangular shape. Therefore, such a tool can also be used for thoroughgrindingworkpiece corners. During operation, the machine platform makes reciprocating movements. Abrasives can be attached to the sole of the equipment with Velcro or clips.

Thus, the vibrating machine is intended specifically for finishing machining.wood sander. How to choosesuch a model is a relatively simple question.Atpurchasing equipment of this type home handyman you should pay attention first of all to ethpower and number of vibrations of the sole per minute. Vibratory grinders can also differ in the amplitude of platform displacement. The power of this type of equipment varies between 110-600 W. At home, 250-300 W devices are usually used. The sole of this type of machine can vibrate at a frequency of 6-25 thousand times per minute. The higher this indicator, the more productive the model, of course.

The vibration amplitude of such equipment is usually in the range of 1.5-5 mm. For the most delicate processing, those machines are suitable for which this indicator is 1.5-2.5 mm. Equipment with a larger amplitude of platform movement is usually used for coarser grinding.

Orbital models

This type of wood sander works on approximately the same principle as a vibration sander. The only difference is that in orbital equipment the platform moves along a more complex trajectory. This is why when using eccentric machines the surface is almost perfect. Such devices process materials better than vibration devices. But they also cost, of course, more.

Grinding machines of any design are often supplemented with dust removal systems. The presence of such a function usually does not have a very serious impact on the cost of equipment. But at the same time, processing the material with a tool with a dust collector can be of much higher quality. In addition, the wood sander itself, eccentric, belt, angular or vibrating, supplemented with such a system, can last much longer (due to cooling through the ventilation holes during operation).

In addition to the design, when choosing such equipment you should pay attention to:

• its weight (the lighter the machine, the less your hand will get tired);
• productivity (processing speed depends on this indicator);
• power;
• casing shape.

The ease of working with it directly depends on how ergonomic the model’s casing is.

Manufacturers

Equipment such as a grinding machine is quite expensive. Therefore, when choosing it, among other things, of course, you should pay attention to its brand. You should only buy cars from the best manufacturers having a good reputation. The load on the equipment during operation is significant. Therefore, a poorly assembled tool will most likely not last very long.

Many companies today supply similar products to the domestic market. But the most popular among domestic consumers is equipment from such manufacturers as:

"Bosch".

Interskol.

"Makita".

Hitachi.

Which sander is best for wood: rating

All these companies supply different models to Russia. Some of them are more popular among consumers, others less so. The top 5 grinding machines, according to domestic craftsmen, looks like this for 2017:

Makita 9558HN.

Interskol UshM-125/900.

Bosch GWS 780 C.

Makita BO50 3 1.

Hitachi G13SS2.

Today, according to the majority of consumers, this

Makita 9558HN: description and reviews

« Makita" equipment is truly popular in Russia. Domestic consumers purchase cars from this particular manufacturer most often. The advantages of the corner model Makita 9558HN, like most others produced by this company,consumers primarily consider small weight, quiet operation and high power. According to home craftsmen, sanding wood using the Makita 9558HN is very convenient.The engine of this machine is practically inaudible when operating. Such equipment is relatively inexpensive - on average about 4,000 rubles. Some disadvantage Makita 9558HN consumers only find the power button not very convenient. Starting and stopping this equipment while grinding is quite difficult.

Tool Interskol UshM-125/900

This another very reliable one, according to many consumers,. It is produced in Russia and the build quality is quite good. The advantages of the Interskol UShM-125/900 equipment include, first of all, simplicity of design, reliability, and low weight. Sometimes it happens that on the packaging of an angle grinder the power is indicated to be quite high. In fact, the equipment does not correspond to the declared indicator. Bulgarian Interskol UshM-125/900 is completely devoid of such shortcomings. With a stated power of 900 W, ceramic tiles, for example, it cuts like butter.

Such models cost in the domestic market between 2500-3000 rubles.Their only drawback is overheating when long work.

Bosch GWS 780 C: reviews

Bosch angle machines are being assembled also in Russia. Their main advantage is considered to be light weight. Despite the fact that the sizes model The Bosch GWS 780 C is very small; the amount of work performed using it can be simply enormous. Also, the advantages of this model are the smooth start and quick stop of the engine.

Such machines cost about 3.5-5 thousand rubles, depending on the supplier. Consumers consider the disadvantages of the Bosch GWS 780 C to be that the included cable is too short and the lack of a case.

Consumer opinion about Makita BO5031 machines

The advantages of this eccentric master models consider low vibration,presence of speed controller, quiet operation. Sanding wood using Makita BO50 3 1 It can be done very efficiently and quite quickly. Also, this machine practically does not heat up during long-term operation. The disadvantages of the model include the low-quality dust collector included. When working, you need to additionally connect a vacuum cleaner to the machine. This model costs 5-6 thousand rubles from different suppliers.

Hitachi equipment

The Japanese company Hitachi also supplies Russian market very high quality equipment.Hand sanders for wood corner Hitachi G13SS2, like almost all other models from this manufacturer, deserved and good reviews consumers primarily for reliability, fairly high power and not too much weight. You can change a wheel or disk on this equipment without any problems. The machine also has overload protection.

Most consumers consider the housing of this equipment to be very convenient. The hand does not get tired at all when working with it. Disadvantages of Hitachi G13SS2 Craftsmen attribute the short cord included and some noise. Such machines cost about 2000-2500 rubles.

Sanding is not smooth surfaces- it's not an easy matter. Previously as grinding tool Sandpaper was widely used, but in our age high technology The method of grinding with sandpaper has become obsolete due to its low efficiency and labor intensity. Today, grinding machines, both belt and vibrating, come to the rescue in the difficult task of grinding. The variety of grinding machines is huge, so it makes sense to consider each type separately, and in this article we will talk about belt machines. We've found the most popular belt sanders and will help our readers figure out which belt sander is best for you.

Price - 14,999 rubles

Our rating opens with a compact grinding machine from the well-known manufacturer of household appliances Makita; it can be used both for industrial purposes and for processing simple surfaces at home. Thanks to its small size, the machine can be used on hard-to-reach surface edges, such as wall corners or vertical elements wooden furniture. High quality workmanship does not limit the range of working surfaces only to wood - even stone, metal or plastic can be processed using the machine.

The price tag, however, leaves much to be desired - for that kind of money you can buy three grinding machines of a smaller class, but for a professional this tool will be indispensable.

No. 9 - Hammer LSM 810

Price - 4,999 rubles

An excellent sander with a dust collector and adjustable shaft speed. The machine's trigger mechanism is protected from accidental starting, and the electrical wiring is double insulated, which minimizes the risks of operation. The device is powered from a 220V network and is well suited for use in household and industrial purposes. The belt stroke is manually adjusted by a special mechanism, which is why the unit costs less than models of a similar category. You can center the tape using a special pin, which is located on the front of the tool. The wide 75 mm belt combined with a powerful 810 W motor allows you to sand even difficult surfaces with high efficiency.

No. 8 - Hammer LSM 800B

Price - 4,500 rubles

A massive unit, functionally reminiscent scraping machine. Used for processing wood, chipboard panels and plywood. The 800V machine is not difficult to operate, unlike similar machines with a higher power engine. There is a start button lock, so you won't damage the untreated surface by accidentally starting the device. The unit is characterized by increased ease of use - with rubber pads and an additional handle, the machine is comfortable to hold despite its solid power. The belt speed is adjustable from 120 to 290 meters per minute, which increases the versatility of the machine and allows you to process various wooden surfaces. Quite an acceptable option for your money.

No. 7 - BORT BBS-801N

Price - 3,500 rubles

Reliable and inexpensive grinding machine from a Chinese brand. The manufacturer gives a five-year warranty for this device; the box includes a dust collector and three types of sanding belt (P60, P80, P100) along with the machine itself. The position of the sanding belt is adjusted by a centering screw, which can take one of 3 positions for different types works Next to the switch there is a belt rotation speed switch; the owner can set one of six speed modes, while the device must be turned on. The body of the machine is made of durable impact-resistant plastic, the instructions are written in 4 languages, including Russian, so there should be no problems with setup and operation. The machine is well suited for both home and country use; industrial use is not recommended.

No. 6 - Bosch PBS 75A

Price - 5,999 rubles

An advanced belt sander from a world-famous brand. The tool is equipped with a vacuum adapter, a 75 mm wide sanding belt, and a 710V motor. The thoughtful layout and high quality of fitting of parts do not cause any complaints; we pay not only for the brand, but for comfort and reliability. PBS 75A weighs just over 4 kg, which is not the most best indicator, but with frequent use you can quickly get used to it. One of the disadvantages of the machine is the small size of the dust collector - not all the dust ends up in the collection container, so during operation it is important to use minimal protection. It is possible to work with the unit for a long time and with any surfaces - the low level of vibration prevents your hands from getting tired even when processing hard materials.

#5 - Black and Decker KA86

Price - 3,999 rubles

The top 5 of our rating includes one of the best budget models of grinding machines. Weighing 2.8 kg, the tool has good performance characteristics and is cheaper than competing models. The machine is equipped with a capacious dust collector, but it does not collect dust as well as we would like, so you should take care additional protection eye.

Unfortunately, the device is not suitable for work in industrial conditions, but for everyday household needs it is quite suitable; it is a good belt sander for wood. A 720W motor and a 75 mm wide belt are enough to process any wooden surface; the machine is also equipped with an additional belt tightening function, which is missing in many expensive models.

Black and Decker KA86

No. 4 - Caliber LShM-1000UE

Price - 3,200 rubles
Decent option from domestic manufacturer, affordable and convenient sanding machine. This tool will serve a good helper during repairs, the tape is clearly fixed and does not slip during operation, although this device has a non-critical design flaw: the dust collector does not catch scraps well, so dust after work will have to be collected throughout the room. The 1 kW motor is sufficient for processing any surface; the belt speed is adjustable in the range from 120 to 360 m/m. The device comes with a handle with a lever for a comfortable grip, as well as 2 additional carbon brushes. The sander weighs 3.6 kg, the belt width is 76 mm, the machine is suitable for daily use, however, the belt gets very hot and the device requires short breaks to avoid overheating and rupture of the working part.

Caliber LShM-1000UE

No. 3 - Interskol LShM-100/1200E

Price - 6,300 rubles


The top three is closed by another domestically produced product, the Interskol belt sander. Of all the models presented in the rating, this model has the most powerful motor (1200 W), so it can scrape laminate flooring, grind stone and level metal surfaces. The Interskol belt sander is best suited for long-term use in difficult conditions - it seems that even asphalt can be sanded with it, but with its weight of 5.6 kg this will not be an easy mission. The machine comes with a dust collector, which copes with its main task very well, but without protective mask And gloves are still indispensable. The machine can be converted for sharpening garden tools, the comfortable rubberized handle prevents it from slipping out of your hands, the belt is easily and quickly replaced, but for rare household needs it is wise to look for something simpler.

Interskol LShM-100/1200E

No. 2 - Skil 1215 LA

Price - 4,300 rubles
An interesting device, made in a futuristic design, but appearance is by no means the main thing of its advantages. The power of 650W is enough for repair work or use for small household purposes; such a tool is not suitable for industrial processing. The machine weighs 2.9 kg, the speed does not sag, the belt is automatically centered when the device is turned on. The productivity of the tape is limited to a threshold of 300 meters/min, which is more than enough for everyday use.

The machine is easy to assemble and disassemble, which may be necessary when the chassis becomes clogged with dust. With this machine, dust can be the only problem, since the size of the dust collector is not very impressive, and there is no way to control its filling. The machine's engine does not overheat even during long periods of operation, but it is recommended to pause occasionally to allow the abrasive belt to cool.

№1 - Black Decker KA 88

Price - 4,299 rubles

The leader of our rating was a grinding machine from the previously mentioned company, which outperformed other models in terms of price and quality and has impressive functionality. Externally, the unit resembles a vacuum cleaner without a hose, equipped with a comfortable rubberized semicircle handle with a comfortable grip. By the way, this machine not only resembles a vacuum cleaner in appearance, but also catches flying dust just as well, thanks to which the surface being treated remains clean. The device weighs a little more than 3.5 kg, which is acceptable for its size. The abrasive belt can be easily replaced with just one movement of a special handle, and the 720 W motor is enough to process medium-hard surfaces. Thanks to the reduced front roller, the machine can produce high-quality processing both wide and narrow areas in hard to reach places ah, which is achieved using a 75 mm wide belt with a maximum travel speed of 250 m/minute.

This article is intended for anyone who works with wood and wants to make sanding easier. A wood sander is great for this; which model should you choose?

There are several types of tools on the market for finishing wood: belt sanders, eccentric sanders, orbital sanders. So, which grinding machine to choose, what type of device? would be better suited for specific purposes?

Before finding the answer to this question, you should understand how they differ different models and match their functions to our needs.

How to choose a wood sander - tips

Sanding wood is a labor-intensive process that can be made much easier with the right tools. Belt, oscillating or eccentric, as well as deltoid sanders are best suited for wood processing.

The correct choice of device depends on the type of work being performed and the characteristics of the workpiece: shape, size, grinding of corners and hard-to-reach areas, type of coating, etc.

Better suited for specific jobs different instruments, namely:

• It is better to choose a belt sander for sanding large and flat surfaces;
• An eccentric sander allows you to conveniently process convex and concave small wooden surfaces;
• the oscillating model has a similar application, with the ability to handle corners thanks to the rectangular sole;
• The delta sander is ideal for processing surfaces with complex shapes, inaccessible to most grinding machines, while small area its soles are usually recommended for small wooden surfaces.

Belt sander for wood – how to choose?

Description and purpose of the model

If the surface we are dealing with is large and relatively flat, then it is better to choose a belt sander. It is designed for processing solid wood, varnished boards and veneer panels.

Belt sanders are characterized by the highest efficiency; they are most often used in workshops and rarely for home work.

Thanks to their high productivity, belt sanders can cover large areas in a short period of time with excellent results. The treated surface is smooth and uniform. Additionally, since belt sanders are primarily used for linear motion, they are ideal for sanding along wood grains.

The disadvantage of belt sanders is the design of the base, which does not allow access to hard-to-reach corners. The edge of the tape is not also the edge of the sole, so surfaces, for example near a wall, are inaccessible to this device. In this case, you will need a deltoid model.

Which belt sander should you choose?

To choose the right belt sander, you should pay attention to the following parameters:

• Speed ​​of movement of the working part - the higher the speed, the faster and more accurately the surface is polished. Depending on the model, the speed can vary from 200 to 420 rpm.
• Belt size - this parameter affects the speed and accuracy of grinding. But be careful! The larger the size, the faster the grinding occurs, but at the same time its accuracy decreases.
• Power – the higher the power, the better the tool can process harder and more complex surfaces, such as hardwood (oak). Thanks to high power The tool can work longer without overheating.

If we need a belt sander for wood, how to choose the right power? Belt sanders with a motor power of up to 1000 W are mainly intended for light work, while those with a motor power of more than 1400 W will work well under short-term but heavy workloads.

Model overview

Below are models of grinding machines recommended by experts. For each model, distinctive characteristics are highlighted.

1. Grinder Graphite 59G394. The small diameter of the front roller (16 mm) and the additional handle with an adjustable angle make it easy to sand in hard-to-reach places.

2.Makita 9920 is a powerful and professional belt sander with electronic speed control for optimal performance. Thanks to the automatic lateral adjustment of the belt, you can sand the surface right up to the edge.

Purpose of the tool

An orbital sander is the most versatile tool designed for sanding convex and concave small wood surfaces and many other materials.

This model is used in the following cases:

Ideal for sanding wood;

Suitable for grinding metal surfaces;

Also useful for polishing, thanks to the possibility of installing a polishing disc;

Can be used to clean old paintwork.

An eccentric or orbital sander for wood is especially recommended for processing and updating furniture: chests of drawers, tables. Orbital sanders have a plate that rotates and also vibrates. Thanks to this, such devices work faster than oscillating sanders. However, this tool also has disadvantages; eccentric grinders are characterized by a round sole shape, which does not allow for processing corners.

The diameter of the working part is usually 125 or 150 mm. Of course, the larger the working surface, the higher the productivity. However, the working surface of eccentric sanders is smaller than that of oscillating sanders. This has its pros and cons: the advantage of a smaller sole is that it is easier to work with in hard-to-reach areas, the disadvantage is less performance on larger surfaces.

How to choose an eccentric sander for wood?

To figure out which orbital sander to choose, you need to analyze the following parameters:

• Eccentricity is a parameter that has a significant impact on the performance of the tool and means the deviation of the movement of the sole from the turning point. The higher the value, the more precisely a tool works.
• Disc diameter – large diameters allow you to quickly process large surfaces. Small diameters, in turn, are better suited for working in hard-to-reach places.
• The number of revolutions per unit of time - the higher the number of revolutions, the more accurately the tool works (as in the case of an oscillating machine).

Model overview

1. The Bosch PEX 400AE random orbital sander provides high-quality sanding, high efficiency and optimal polishing performance. Paper Assistant feature makes drawing easy sandpaper. Supplied in a suitcase with a set of sandpaper. The built-in suction module transports the crushed dust directly into the container, which is easy to empty.
   
2. The Bosch 400W GEX 125-150 AVE eccentric sander is designed for professional use. Extremely versatile device thanks to the choice grinding disc with a diameter of 150 or 125 mm. Supplied in a case with a set of sanding pads
   

   Oscillating grinder - advantages and disadvantages

   Main Features

   An oscillating sander is used for sanding flat and even surfaces. It is ideal for processing wooden objects such as furniture, tabletops and doors.

   Unlike the eccentric model, oscillating sanders are equipped with a rectangular sole, thanks to which you can sand corners. Larger models with a rectangular or square sole are more powerful.
   

   How to choose an oscillating sander?

   Before purchasing you need to pay attention to:

   Number of oscillations - the higher this value, the better the tool performs. Usually expressed as the number of vibrations per minute.

   The size of the sole - the larger it is, the faster the surface will be processed. However, when working with small surfaces, it is better to choose an oscillating sander with a smaller pad, as this will allow you to more accurately sand hard-to-reach areas.

   
   

   How to choose delta sanders?

   Model description

   The main difference between delta-shaped sanders and oscillating sanders is the sole. It is shaped like the letter delta (hence the name of this type of instrument). This model is ideal for sanding in corners and other areas that are difficult to reach with oscillating, random orbital and especially belt sanders.
   

   Because of small size The soles are designed for sanding small surfaces. In addition, for the deltoid model, you can purchase a spatula-shaped sole. This makes delta sanders useful for removing old paints and varnishes, especially from chairs.

   What to look for when choosing a delta sander?

   When choosing a deltoid model, you should analyze a parameter such as the amplitude of oscillations (oscillation) - usually indicated in millimeters and ranges from 1 to 2 mm. The higher the value, the more the sole deflects, making the tool more efficient.

   Model overview

   1.The DeWalt D26430 model is designed for professionals. It guarantees high efficiency when sanding and polishing corners and edges, hard-to-reach areas and small surfaces. The design allows for smooth maneuvering and precise grinding for more precise work. The dust collection system ensures convenient operation.
   

   2.The Bosch PSM 18 Li model is mainly intended for home use. It has a split sanding pad and a Delta swivel tip that allows for optimal use of sandpaper. The built-in suction unit transports dust directly into the microfilter container, ensuring dust-free operation. The cordless sander offers virtually unlimited work – without the inconvenience of cables that are too short.
   

   How to choose a grinding machine for your home - summing it up

   1. Belt sander extremely effective and treats large surfaces very quickly. For example, this device can quickly remove very thick layers of paint from wooden surfaces. The design is characterized by a very high power rating. The machine is extremely easy to use and safe.
   2. Random orbital sander- this is a device good quality, used for grinding flat and rounded surfaces. Such models have the highest accuracy. However, the outsole does not reach hard to reach areas such as corners. The machine has a round disk that works in an oscillatory and rotating motion at the same time, depending on the pressure. It is also easy to use, but requires a little more attention than oscillating. This instrument is held with both hands. Thanks to the combination of two plate movements, the model is very efficient, fast, productive and, if used skillfully, leaves no visible sanding marks.
   3. Oscillating sander used for large flat surfaces. If we've never sanded before, it's best to start with this device. It perfectly smoothes the surface, and its work depends on the thickness of the sandpaper. The machine is very easy to use and safe. She doesn't require special attention.
   4. Deltoid machine– small triangular sole makes it easier to work on surfaces that are inaccessible to large grinding machines. However, the small sole area also makes the model ineffective for processing large surfaces.

To give the wooden surface a perfect smoothness, wood sanders are used. They can be used to polish both products made from new lumber and old, worn-out interior parts, parquet, furniture, floorboards, walls, stairs and other structural elements.

Sanding machine woodworking

Using a wood sanding tool speeds up finishing work and improves their quality, and when building a frame wooden house, you simply cannot do without a sanding machine.

Classification of grinding machines

Variety of models, design features and the purposes of grinding machines creates the need for their typology. For domestic and industrial purposes, the following models are available on the market:

• belt sanders, including flat-face grinders;
• vibration, including delta grinders;
• orbital or eccentric;
• angle grinders (grinders);
• brush type grinding machines;
• multifunctional renovators.

Purpose of each type of grinder

Different wood sanding equipment performs different functions. A belt sander for wood is intended for rough, primary surface treatment. She can just as easily remove the layer old paint.

A vibration grinder provides a softer, higher-quality grinding thanks to circular movements of small amplitude. Its working surface has a rectangular shape, allowing you to process straight and obtuse angles products. Its version, the delta sander, is equipped with a soleplate shaped like an iron. This smoothed triangular shape ensures surface treatment in small recesses, recesses, and internal sharp corners.

The purpose of an eccentric or orbital sander is to perfectly grind the surface, practically polishing it. The quality of processing is ensured by the oscillatory-rotational movements performed by the plate. Its shape does not imply use on small surfaces and in hard-to-reach places.

A grinder or an angle grinder, which is found in most home workshops, is often used as a wood grinder. In addition to this main function, the tool can perform many other operations, for which it enjoys well-deserved popularity.

Instead of a wood sander, you can use a multifunctional renovator with a significantly expanded range of functions. In addition to polishing and sanding, this tool can make cuts, cut communications, remove tiles or glued linoleum. It is distinguished by low power consumption, many attachments included and a relatively low price.

A brush-type wood sander is not equipped with an abrasive material, but wire brush. It is convenient for her to work on large areas, work with large objects, boats, parquet and plank floors, countertops, cleaning them from old coatings and plaque. By the type of movement, brush sanders are similar to belt sanders.

The last two types of grinders are used quite rarely. The operation of the equipment can be carried out thanks to an electric motor powered by a network or battery. There are always craftsmen who prefer to make any devices on their own, but a homemade grinder cannot compare with an industrially manufactured one either in performance or functionality. It is mainly suitable for sanding small parts.

Belt sanders

The device of a belt-type sander is based on a roller fastening of an abrasive belt on the sole. It provides rotation at different speeds depending on the power, which varies in the range from 400 W to 1200. In some models, the speed can be changed from a minimum of 150 meters per minute to a maximum of 500 in accordance with the surface properties.

The functionality of the tool is determined by the width of the sanding belt. How larger sizes tape, the larger the surface can be processed in the same time, but increasing the size of the tape makes the structure heavier. One more important indicator tape is its grain size. If there are tapes with to varying degrees Grain size can vary the quality of wood sanding. In addition, the tape must be strong, elastic, with straight edges and smooth joints.

Grinding belt

Machines with a belt-type mechanism are usually equipped with devices for collecting dust and debris, and some are equipped with a connection for connecting a vacuum cleaner. Useful additional functions of a wood belt sander are the ability to automatically center the rotating belt and smoothly control the speed of its movement.

Features of application

Before choosing a belt sander, it is useful to decide what the purpose of its use is. Small or mini sanders are designed for small jobs that can be done with one hand. They are equipped with a device for a 6.3 cm wide tape. The medium-sized ones work with a 7.6 cm tape, and the largest ones, intended for construction, are equipped with devices for a 10 cm wide tape.

A device that simulates the operation of a plane is used to remove upper layers lumber, as well as for processing the cutting line and fitting wood parts. Linear action combined with the right choice tape allows you to achieve even a delicate finish.

To work directly near the wall, a belt sander with a flat end is used. Such a surface grinder allows processing right up to the junction with the wall. It is better to carry out large volumes of work using a stationary structure, which is equipped with functions for controlling the depth and quality of grinding.

Rough initial grinding is carried out at an angle against the grain with an 80-grit belt, and final polishing along the grain with a No. 120 belt. Zirconium tapes are used for rough processing, and aluminum oxide for gentle processing.

Vibratory sanders

Abrasive sheets are attached to the oscillating working surfaces of the vibratory grinder using clamps or Velcro. Grinding occurs through light circular and oscillating movements. The amplitude of the oscillations can be adjusted. Coarser processing occurs at an amplitude of 5 mm, and the finest at 1.5. Sanding wood in hard-to-reach places is done with a delta sander, which has a sole shaped like an iron. The main advantages of such equipment are: its low weight (sometimes less than a kilogram) and dimensions, high-speed oscillatory movements.

When choosing a grinder, its power and oscillation speed are also important. It is useful to select a vibration-type grinder taking into account the possibility of adjusting the rotation speed, which in household units can vary from 2 thousand to 5 thousand revolutions, and fluctuations, which can reach 25 thousand per minute.

Features of application

Convenient to use devices with a sole that can be rotated at different angles. The vibratory sander can be used both for processing new lumber and for restoring furniture, old window frames and other constructive wooden elements. There are models to which additional attachments can be attached.

Orbital sanders

The working surface of the sole of an orbital (eccentric) sander has the shape of a circle with a disk up to 150 mm in diameter. It has tiny holes made in it to remove dust. The eccentric grinding machine uses the principle of combining oscillatory and rotational movements, as in a vibrating machine, but the quality of polishing is improved due to the complicated trajectory of movement.

When choosing an eccentric grinder, you should pay attention to the operating speed of the device or the number of oscillations per unit time. The ability to adjust the rotation speed and oscillation frequency is optional, but an important additional feature that allows you to select optimal mode work depending on the quality of the surface.

The power of an orbital sander can range from 200 W to 500, the speed can reach 13 thousand per minute, and the eccentric oscillation frequency is 24 thousand per minute.

Features of application

The discs are coated with abrasive material, which is supplied with the orbital sander and can have different grain sizes to achieve the required degree of processing, down to the finest. Orbital sanders come with polishing felt attachments.

During construction or production, pneumatic modifications are used, but their operation requires high-performance compressor equipment, so pneumatically driven orbital sanders are not used in everyday life. Eccentric grinding equipment Suitable for high quality finishing of any large wooden surfaces. It can be used to level modular parquet and other expensive cladding.

Angle grinders

Angle grinders are commonly called grinders. Craftsmen love this tool for its versatility; it can be used to sand and cut various materials, but initially it was intended specifically for sanding wood. Grinders are distinguished by their high power and high speed of tool rotation, but they are not suitable for processing internal corners.

Grinders are used as grinding machines for wooden floor. What kind of woodworking operation will be performed depends on the attachments used. For rough grinding and polishing of painted surfaces, sanding discs-plates consisting of three layers are used. The outer layer is made of either sandpaper or wool flannel, depending on the purpose.

Rough grinding is carried out with flap discs, the working surface of which is covered with sandpaper petals. When processing a wooden floor, 2 or 3 are consumed petal disc for 10 sq. m.

To remove a layer of old paint, scraping devices—steel cups with wire brushes—are used.

Review of grinding machine manufacturers

Before choosing a grinding machine, you can read information about domestic and foreign manufacturers. It is preferable to focus on models produced by well-known, well-established manufacturers.

Popular brands are: Bosh, Makita, DeWalt, Hitachi, Interskol, Zubr. Their products are distinguished by durability, high performance and affordable prices.

Approximate costs popular models different types famous brands are given in the table:

• Makita is famous for its belt sanders with high performance and ergonomic design;
• Bosh releases quality tool all types, but consumers rate eccentric ones especially highly;
• Hitachi produces premium tools; domestic brands Interskol and Zubr are distinguished by their simplicity and reliability.

Most manufacturers produce grinders for household use, and for the construction and production of high-quality lumber. Professional models are much more expensive than household ones, but they can work for an entire shift without breaks, while household equipment needs to be turned off every 15-20 minutes of operation.

The buyer may be interested in how much a budget-class sander costs. You can purchase an orbital (eccentric) sander for up to 3 thousand rubles from domestic brands: Temp, Riobi, Skill.

Products manufactured under trademarks Tempo and Ryobi have the function of changing the speed, but do not allow you to adjust the eccentric. Skil brand equipment is heavy and large in size, but is equipped with load indicators.

An angle cutting machine for wood can be bought at a price of 2 thousand to 3 thousand rubles (brands Caliber, Bort, Enkor), or for 6-7 thousand rubles from the Interskol brand, but this will be a more powerful tool.

The prices given are approximate. In addition to the cost and technical characteristics When purchasing a tool, you should hold it in your hand and check the following:

1. Is the tool convenient to use?
2. Listen to the sound to see if it is deafening even through headphones.
3. Feel the vibration, whether it is uniform or sometimes hits your hand.
4. Pay attention to the warranty, check the availability of a service nearby.
5. Compare the functions of similar models from different manufacturers.

Safety precautions

When working with a wood sander, you cannot neglect simple rules: wear headphones, a respirator and safety glasses. If the unit is equipped with a dust collector, it must not be cleaned without first unplugging it. The tool should be stored out of the reach of children and should not be left unattended, even when not in use.

Before connecting the unit to the network, you should make sure that the button on the tool is in the off position.