Universal country arched house lucky. Arched house. The advantages of small arched houses

A full-fledged arched construction of a residential building in our time is increasingly beginning to interest architects and designers.

Now the industry is building a lot of pre-fabricated frameless arched hangars and warehouses made of steel on lightweight foundations. However, a frameless arched steel house requires high costs for insulation.

Arched house - design features and benefits

Nowadays, arched small houses of a country or garden type are gaining popularity (for example, like), which, with a very strong desire, can even be transported from place to place photo 1. These houses have the shape of a pointed arch of the Gothic style.

Photo 1. Small arched houses

Let's take a quick look at these arched houses. In arched houses, the supporting elements of the frame are curved trusses and arches, photo 2, which can be made from:

become;
reinforced concrete (very rare);
wood.

Photo 2. Designs of the arched house

Features of arched houses

1 .Enclosing structure the house has good thermal performance due to the use of insulation with a thickness of at least 100 mm. Used as a heater:

polyurethane foam (PPU) - the recommended thickness is at least 80 mm;
mineral wool;
glass wool;

Interior decoration of the house, photo 3.

Typically, the interior decoration of the house is made of the following materials:

wooden lining;
laminated fiberboard;
plywood;
OSB boards.

Exterior decoration of the house.

Typically, the exterior of the house is made of the following materials:

metal profile;
soft bituminous tiles;
wooden shingle;
roofing from galvanized steel sheets;

Roofing in the form of galvanized steel increases the strength and rigidity of the entire roof structure.

Photo 3. Interior decoration of arched houses

Type of flooring. Usually in such houses they try to arrange the floor from wooden boards, but other types of flooring can be used without problems ( | | ).
Windows and doors perform from:

wood;
metal-plastic.

Foundation under the arched lungs of the house, the following is used, photo 4:

columnar (including TISE foundation);
monolithic slab.

Photo 4. Types of foundations: a) pile-screw; b) tape; c) monolithic slab

The advantages of small arched houses

Sufficiently high strength of the house and resistance to weather conditions, such as strong winds, hail, snow load, etc.
Low fuel consumption, heats up quickly and retains heat (low heat loss).
Savings on cooling the air in the house in the summer, since the house practically does not heat up from the sun.
Beautiful and original shape of the house.
Lightweight construction.

The dimensions of the arched house are different, the most common:

width - 2.4 ... 4.5;
length - 3.6 ... .6 m (not limited);
height - 2.4 ... 5 m.

Arched houses of this type can be performed both on one level with relatively high ceilings, and on two levels. On the photo 5 options for planning such arched houses are given.

Photo 5. Layout of the arched house

Arched houses can be not only small, light and temporary, but also large, expensive and massive, photo 6.

So, for example, in the suburbs of New York, a huge arched house with an area of 890 m 2 was built worth $ 3,500,000, photo 7. A house made of concrete, glass and steel.

Currently, arched roofs are gaining more and more popularity among builders and homeowners, which are widely used in the construction of swimming pools, greenhouses, winter gardens, galleries and other structures. Arched structures are installed in private houses; roof systems made of metal and glued wood are used as the basis. In large-scale construction, reinforced concrete structures are used. As a roofing material for arched roofs, glass, polycarbonate, galvanized steel, copper are used, which must have certain characteristics.

A house with an arched roof is not only a unique appearance, but also the possibility of creating a special indoor climate. Arched roofs are also used in the construction of prefabricated houses, hangars, greenhouses, buildings for various industrial purposes. The simplest design of an arched roof is awnings and canopies, which are commonly erected in private and country houses to protect against atmospheric precipitation.

The main advantages of an arched roof

Houses with an arched roof have not only distinctive external features, but also a number of advantages over other structures:

during the construction of this type of roofs, the wind load on the supporting base is not taken into account;

arched shape allows easy convergence of snow and rain masses from the roof;

an arched roof made of transparent material plays the role of additional lighting in the house;

the domed roof allows you to increase the volume of air masses in the house - this has a positive effect on the health of people living in the house;

arched houses have a unique appearance both inside and outside the building.

arched roof structure

The choice of materials depends on the area of \u200b\u200bthe roof of the arched structure. The most common are concrete, metal and wooden structures. In the construction of small private houses, wooden and metal beams are used, made in the form of trusses or arches. When building the foundation and walls, it is necessary to take into account the weight of the entire arched structure and the roofing material.

Important: when using reinforced concrete structures in construction, it is necessary to make a foundation with the necessary margin of safety. This entails additional costs of money and materials.

Most often, sheet polycarbonate is used as a roofing material for arched and domed roofs. It is characterized by high bending strength, allows you to give any shape, while not weighing down the roof structure itself. And as the basis of the roof are aluminum profiles that are resistant to corrosion, have a light weight.

Important: when using aluminum profiles, the roof sheathing is selected in accordance with the thickness of the polycarbonate sheets. The crate should be equal to half the width of the polycarbonate sheet.

Important: when laying polycarbonate, gaps should be made that will allow the material to respond to expansion when changing climatic conditions.

Wooden materials are used for roofs with a diameter of not more than 3 meters. For large roofs, metal beams are used. The rafters in this case have an original design and are called "crane". The truss system rests on the central pillar, if necessary, additional installation of spacers and struts is carried out.

Prefabricated houses

Modern construction offers not only new building designs, but also materials that are used in construction. The roof of prefabricated buildings is increasingly arched, such buildings are used as residential and utility rooms. For the construction of arched houses, it is necessary to prepare the foundation. Since the structure of the house itself is light in weight, they can be installed on a columnar or screw foundation. This reduces construction costs.

The frame of the house can be made of glued wood or metal, in this case the roof is covered with polycarbonate, metal profiles. Hangars are made using frameless technology. For this, special semicircular galvanized sheets are used, which can cover spans up to 24 m wide.

For the insulation of arched buildings, mineral wool, polyurethane foam, and expanded polystyrene are used. In such houses, sheets of corrugated board act as walls and roofs. From the inside, the device of residential buildings is decorated with wooden clapboard. If you have a large family, then the arched house can be made two-level. Sleeping quarters are usually located on the second floor. Small arched houses reduce the cost of heating in the cold and air conditioning in the summer.

Video

Modern private housing construction is famous for the fact that it has a large arsenal of technical solutions that make it possible to make the external and internal appearance of the house the way the customer wants it to be. This judgment is also true for the choice of roof construction, therefore, in cities, more original arched roofs have replaced the traditional gable, hip or hip roofs.

The arched roof is an elegant, light, ergonomic design that immediately makes the architectural appearance of the house more original, interesting, and bolder. But the most important thing is that this option for arranging the roof will cost no more than the standard ones, if you figure out its device with your own hands.

Arched roof - a curved structure in the form of an arc, with the help of which residential buildings, industrial or administrative buildings are covered in order to protect against precipitation, cold, wind. Previously, it was believed that this constructive solution is more suitable for buildings with a specific purpose - swimming pools, greenhouses, greenhouses, shopping galleries and passages. But now arched roofs are actively used in the construction of private houses, due to the following advantages:

Original appearance. A house with a bizarrely curved roof immediately visually stands out against the background of similar buildings with a flat or.
Resistant to wind loads. The aerodynamic, curved shape without sharp corners makes the arched roof invulnerable to strong gusts of wind, which often lead to roofing failures.
Reduced snow load. The arch, which has a curved shape, does not retain snow masses on the slope, due to which the load on the supports and foundation is reduced.
Increasing the volume of the room. Thanks to the arched design of the roof, the internal volume of the house increases, due to which it becomes visually more spacious, larger.

Note! Depending on the configuration, roofing material, arched roofs can give the house both an old, historical look, and an ultra-modern, up-to-date look.

Support frames

Many inexperienced developers are wondering how to properly make an arched arched roof. To begin with, it is important to understand that the roof frame is the most important part of the structure, which performs load-bearing and distribution functions, ensuring its reliability and stability. For the device of the roof in the form of an arch, the following types of frame are used:

Wood. A wooden frame is a simple but effective solution for the arched roof of a private house. It is quite cheap and easy to install, but is not designed for heavy weight, so it is not suitable for roofs with a large area.
Steel. A frame made of square steel pipes is a strong, reliable basis for an arched roof, however, this is a rather massive option that requires the installation of a foundation and walls with a high bearing capacity.
Aluminum. The arched frame made of aluminum has high corrosion resistance, low weight, good bearing capacity, in addition, standard profiles can be easily assembled even with your own hands. The only drawback of this option is the high price.
Reinforced concrete. Reinforced concrete arched structures for roof installation are produced, but they are used only in the construction of industrial, commercial or sports facilities with a large area.
Frameless. For the assembly of arched roofs, a special self-supporting curved corrugated board is produced, the installation of which is carried out without arranging an additional supporting frame.

Important! The correct calculation of the frame structure is a guarantee of strength, reliability, and durability of the structure. Calculations of the required bearing capacity are made in accordance with climatic conditions, slope and other parameters of the roof, taking into account the weight of the roofing material.

Types of coatings

Before you build a house with an arched roof, you need to consider that not all roofing materials are suitable for this design. The covering for the arch should bend easily, retain its shape well, so the choice is very limited. Professional craftsmen consider the most common materials for covering arched roofs:

Sheet steel. Roofing steel sheets are often used to cover arched roofs. They are quite cheap, easy to install and maintain, however, they have a low bearing capacity.
Decking. Special arched corrugated board is designed specifically for arched roofs. It has a high load-bearing capacity, which is given to it by a reinforced profile, but at the same time it weighs a little. Arched corrugated board is available with a standard bending radius.
Cellular polycarbonate. Another solution for an arched roof is cellular polycarbonate, which has a translucency of 80-90%. This property of the roofing material, combined with a very low weight and high strength, makes it possible to maximize the use of natural light in the building.

Please note that the possible shape of the arched roof directly depends on the chosen roofing. Cellular polycarbonate has the maximum bending radius, which is most often used to overlap structures of this shape. In addition, this material is quite simply mounted using special profiles, and also weighs little.

Polycarbonate arched roofing device

A translucent roof made of lightweight but durable polycarbonate is a popular technological solution for greenhouses, greenhouses, shopping pavilions, gazebos or other elements of urban infrastructure. Installation of such structures is carried out according to the following algorithm:

Before you make an arched roof, you need to calculate the bearing capacity of the frame and the optimal distance between the elements.
Further, according to the calculation and drawing, a frame is made of a lightweight aluminum profile. It is important that each arc should have the same shape. To do this, first use the template.
The arcs of the frame are fixed on the upper trim of the house in increments of 1-1.5 meters. First, the first and last truss of the structure are installed, and all the rest are already aligned along them.
With the help of fixing strips, cellular polycarbonate is attached to the trusses, not forgetting to take into account the gaps for thermal expansion of materials.
The ends of cellular polycarbonate are protected from the penetration of moisture and dust using a special end profile.

Remember that cellular polycarbonate must be laid so that its profile is located along the bend of the arch, otherwise condensate will accumulate in the cells, which will not be able to get out.

Video instruction

We analyze the features of the device and methods for self-manufacturing an arched truss system.

The most common forms of roofs for cottages are hip and gable. This is due to the fact that this shape of the roof is well known to many builders, and all manufacturing steps are described in detail in any methodological publication.

However, many private developers would like to move away from the "stamps". There is a growing interest in domed, semicircular and lancet roof shapes. In addition to an attractive appearance, such a roof has a number of significant advantages:

High strength and bearing capacity;
High resistance to strong wind;
Snow does not accumulate on the surface of such a roof and rainwater does not stagnate;
Larger volume of internal usable space and ceiling height in a residential attic;
Elements of the arched truss system (especially if they are made in the form of trusses) can become a spectacular decorative element of the interior decoration of the attic.

Thinking about how to make a semicircular roof made of wood, and understanding the many advantages of a “curved” roof, many developers are scared off by the high price of an arched truss system, the complexity of its calculation and manufacture: under industrial conditions, lamellas (from which glued laminated timber is made), steamed up to 100 °C, at high humidity (which gives the tree elasticity), they are bent according to a special pattern, then glued and dried in drying chambers.

Along the fold line of the timber, special cuts can be made - “on a cone” or “on a rectangle”. This simplifies the process of bending wood.

In the conditions of private construction, such a technological stage is difficult and economically impractical to repeat. And when using industrial parts - in the form of bent glued beams, steel and wooden curved trusses, etc. - the cost of such a truss system increases many times over. Therefore, FORUMHOUSE users offer their own, more "budget" ways, according to which arched rafters and semicircular roof rafters are made.

Nikofar FORUMHOUSE user, Moscow

I planned to build a frame outbuilding with a semicircular lancet roof. To do this, I had to become in one person: an architect, designer, customer, estimator, "sponsor" of construction, foreman, technical supervision specialist and builder. But the result was worth it. I managed to realize all my ideas. And for several hundred thousand rubles (260 thousand of which went purely to the “frame”) to build a house with a “lancet roof”, 3 bedrooms, a kitchen-living room, an entrance hall, a separate bathroom and a small hall on the second floor.

What the forum member ended up with can be seen in this photo.

Of particular interest are the stages of manufacturing a "bent" truss system.

In the classical sense, this "rafter" does not have the usual rafter legs.

Also, there are no glued elements in it. If you look at the photographs, you can say that elements borrowed from shipbuilding were used in the truss system.

The essence of the technology used Nikofar consists of the following:

The main load is carried by the "front truss". In this farm, the outer radius edge is made of "frames". "Frames" are made of short lamellae, assembled in two layers and fastened together with screws.

Horizontal "stringers" are laid between the gable trusses, running from the upper edge of the vertical wall to the roof ridge.

Spacers made of lamellas are installed between the stringers. These lamellas have an outer radius curvature coinciding with the radius of the roof.

The slats were cut with a chainsaw. To simplify and speed up the marking of the lamellas, a special template was made - a semicircle of two slats and plywood 12 mm thick.

Such a template is cut out for a specific and pre-calculated radius of the roof curvature. Also, before proceeding with the manufacture of a curved truss system, you need to make a full-sized radius template. Check at the installation site whether the required radius is observed, whether everything is calculated correctly, and only after that proceed with the manufacture of the remaining rafter legs. This will avoid marriage, as well as timely make appropriate adjustments to the dimensions of the truss system and template.

If you fill your hand, then it took about 3 minutes for the workers to make one “radius” lamella, including marking and choosing the right board.

After the completion of the construction of the truss system, a crate was stuffed along the roof frame. On the crate (in order to save money), instead of plywood or OSB, a second-rate edged board went - 10x2.5 cm. The step between the boards was 5 cm. Then the ondulin roofing was mounted.

The proposed method of making a “bent” rafter and the process of building an inexpensive frame house for permanent residence found a wide response on the forum. The members of the forum also expressed their pros and cons of the economic feasibility of building such a lancet roof. We also talked about the waste of wood. Let's see how true this is:

Thanks to the arched section gabled roof, at comparable costs for lumber, internal useful the volume of such a residential attic under the arch is larger than the attic of a traditional design, as well as an attic with increased overhangs.

All the above drawings were drawn by Nikofar not in a specialized graphics program, but using the "old" MS-paint.

The arched roof, due to its shape, can withstand very heavy loads, which was well known to the builders of antiquity.

Also of great interest is the project of a house with a semicircular roof from a member of our forum crazy tortilla.

crazy tortilla FORUMHOUSE User

I want to build a house with a semi-circular roof. According to the project, an unsupported span of 11x8 meters is to be covered. I'm thinking of using wooden I-beams for this. Then make OSB flooring from above and lay a soft roof. There will be no attic. Help me to understand, how to make a semicircular wooden roof.

Moisture-resistant plywood or OSB boards up to 9 mm thick can be used to prepare the base for laying flexible tiles along a radius roof. Plates of this thickness bend "in place" without the use of special devices. To set the required thickness of the base, slab material of small thickness (6 mm) can be laid in two layers, with the seams of the lower layer overlapping with the upper one.

After brainstorming on the forum and disputes about the type of construction of the truss system for such a roof, a decision was made: instead of horizontal I-beams, use a bent glued truss made of wood. After that, the forum member ordered a truss project from the designer. The photo below shows the finished drawings of these farms.