Wood boards have gained wide popularity in construction. Along with indisputable advantages (simplicity of processing and installation, availability), wood-composite materials also have disadvantages. These include poor water resistance, deformation and delamination upon contact with moisture, as well as the content of harmful formaldehyde resins. To avoid these negative features, cement-bonded particle boards were created. In the article, we have already considered the main properties of this material, in this publication we will talk about the features of the work and installation of the DSP.
What you need to know when working with DSP?
To begin with, it is necessary to clarify some technological points. First of all, it is important to understand that this is not quite a wood-composite board in its usual sense (OSB, chipboard). The share of chips in the structure of the material is 30 - 20%, everything else is Portland cement and chemical additives for the mineralization of the wood component, so the slab is closer in its properties to concrete products.
- The weight- cement-bonded particle boards have a significant weight, so installation by one person is difficult, especially when it comes to wall cladding at the level of the second or third floor.
- fragility- do not forget that cement is a fragile material, so DSP is not recommended to be thrown. If the OSB does nothing when dropped from a height, then the cement slab will most likely crack.
- high density- the material has a high density, which gives it the ability to perform load-bearing functions, but at the same time cutting is difficult. Woodworking tools will not work when working with DSP.
- Low bending strength- the minimum bending strength established by GOSTs for the TsSP-1 brand is 12 - 9 MPa. There should not be much mechanical stress in the sheet, as this may cause the plate to break under its own weight.
Plates should not be lifted by the edges parallel to the ground, this can lead to a break in the material under its own weight. Carrying should be carried out with an edge to the ground, and stored in a horizontal position.
- dusty work- when cutting with DSP stands out a large number of cement dust, for this reason, cutting in a closed room is difficult. When working, you must use.
- thermal expansion- a property that, to one degree or another, is inherent in all varieties of wood-composite boards. For DSP, deformations caused by changes in humidity and temperature levels are minimal, but they are still present, for this reason, an expansion joint must be made during installation. It is impossible to close it with a solid material, such as putty or cement, because due to deformations, cement-bonded products will press on the seam. As a result, cracks will appear.
Sawing
Material cutting - milestone when working with . As mentioned above, the sheets have a significant weight, so installation is usually carried out in one step. To do this, the sheets are marked in advance on the ground, numbered, holes are drilled for self-tapping screws and countersinked. We must not forget about creating holes for communications (pipes and wiring), cuts are made according to the marking, then part of the sheet is simply knocked out.
Although the material belongs to wood boards, but using woodworking tools is difficult. Drills and cutting elements of the saw must be made of hard alloys.
- (angle grinder or angle grinder) - hand tool for grinding and cutting various materials. For cutting DSP, we will be primarily interested in the cutting functions of the device. Power is considered the main parameter. When it comes to cutting several sheets for small area floor, then you can get by with a household grinder, but such a tool is not suitable for intensive work. For active operation throughout the working day, it is better to take models with a power of 2 kW or more. When working with a grinder, it is important that the operator's hands are covered with a protective cover. To simplify cutting in different positions, some models have an adjustable handle and an adjustable cover.
When cutting hard concrete products segmented diamond discs are used. The segments allow the working element to be cooled by air circulation.
- - for cutting cement chip sheets, a hand, table or stationary circular saw can be used. Using a guide allows you to get a smooth cut. The choice of power, as for the grinder, depends on the intensity of the work. For cutting material with circular saw better use diamond disc for hard materials. It is recommended to take a disk diameter of at least 250 cm. Useful Feature circular saw - the presence of a branch pipe for connecting a construction vacuum cleaner, this will reduce the amount of cement dust in the air.
When cutting the DSP, it is imperative to use respiratory and eye protection ( , ).
Fasteners
In most cases, the sheets are attached to the frame with screws or nails. Other fasteners are used for auxiliary work, for example, when installing the crate.
- are used for fastening brackets with lathing to the main wall during the installation of hinged facades and partitions.
- - rod fastener, which is closed on both sides by heads, connecting two structural elements. Rivets are used to fasten the crate to the brackets. Installation is in progress.
- - Designed for fixing insulation.
- Nails- steel rod fastenings. Screw nails are used to fix the DSP. When the plate is shifted, the nail will bend, but it will not be cut off. This property is especially relevant for inclined planes. It is better to choose galvanized hardware, especially when it comes to the use of products in conditions high humidity. The length of the nail should be 2.5 times the thickness of the sheet. For example, with nails 2.5 mm long 35 mm in diameter, it is recommended to fasten plates with a thickness of 8 - 10 mm, lengths of 40 and 50 mm are suitable for 12 and 16 mm.
An example of the use of various fastening systems
- self-tapping screws- the most common way DSP mounts, since the self-tapping screw acts on separation, which is important due to the large weight of the plate. Holes for fasteners must be made in advance, it is recommended to use a screwdriver for tightening. The principle of selecting fasteners is the same as when selecting the size of nails. Before tightening the screws, the holes are countersunk to drown the hat. Fasteners equipped with a countersunk head and reinforced blades for better fastening can be used without pre-drilling holes and countersinking. It is recommended to use only self-tapping screws with anodized or galvanized finish. Phosphated products (black self-tapping screws) should not be used, because after finishing rust can show through the paint.
Installation of a hinged facade
One of the common uses is hinged facade, which allows you to insulate, increase sound insulation, level the wall of the house and protect it from aggressive effects external environment. Hinged facades are used for brick or wooden houses. He has multilayer structure, which consists of different layers.
- - steel fasteners that serve to fix the hinged facade on the wall. These elements should be selected on the basis of the design of the house; for this, specimens of different lengths and thicknesses are produced. To mount the DSP, it is best to take a bracket. Another function of this element is the alignment of the facade with respect to the main wall. For this, special brackets with a variable length and holes for fixing the moving part are designed.
Various types of brackets, the third one has an adjustable length for leveling the curtain wall
- - is laid between the insulation and the wall. Allows steam to escape the house through the wall unhindered, preventing it from condensing on the wall.
- Warming - layer allows heat to remain inside the house, insulation can be attached in one layer or two. In the latter case, the layers should overlap each other, eliminating "cold bridges". The insulation layer is attached with.
- layer performs a waterproofing function, allows air to escape from the house, but does not allow moisture to get on the wall.
- Air gap (vent gap) serves for normal air circulation inside the wall, the presence of ventilation contributes to the evaporation of condensate. The size of the ventilation gap must be at least 20 mm from the wind protection to outside crates.
- crate- an element that serves to hold the DSP sheet, the crate can be made horizontal or vertical. As a material, you can use a wooden or steel frame. If the crate is attached directly to the wall without brackets, then the insulation will not fit under it - such a wall will simply be facing.
Lathing options for fastening a hinged facade for DSP
- Layer- sheets must be attached to each rack at least at three points. In this case, it is necessary not to forget about expansion joints, which should be 3 - 5 mm. Cement-bonded particle boards are attached to the crate using self-tapping screws. Holes in the sheets are best drilled in advance on the ground.
- Finishing layer- a decorative finishing layer in the form of paint or plaster, which are superimposed on the DSP.
To align the wall on two anchor bolts two brackets are fixed, the level between which is measured with a rope (mooring), also suitable for this purpose. It is a measuring instrument based on the principle of connected vessels.
The hydraulic level consists of two containers with scales, which are interconnected by a transparent tube. The containers are filled with colored liquid. To work with this measuring device two people are needed. It is necessary to ensure that the liquid in both containers is on the same level on the scales.
They are hung on the upper brackets to beat the walls vertically. Relative to the plumb line, the length of all other brackets is set. When the levels are set, the brackets are fixed in increments of no more than 600 mm.
Construction of a frame house
Technology frame houses recent times gained wide popularity. The main advantages are the speed of construction and the availability of materials. There is a place in this case for. OSB (OSB, OSB) - oriented strand board is considered more common in this area. OSB at cost is most often cheaper than DSP, but at the same time, the cement board is more environmentally friendly, since it does not contain harmful resins. Also, cement products have high moisture resistance, while oriented strand board begins to deform when exposed to moisture. For all these reasons, DSP can be used in frame housing construction.
- This is a material made from large chips, which are arranged in layers. The elements are oriented along different axes, hence the name of these products. In each layer, the chips are directed in a certain direction, overlapping the previous one. Synthetic resins are added as a binding element.
The frame is the "skeleton" of the house, it is sheathed with panels that form the power body of the building and provide thermal insulation. Such panels are sometimes referred to as "pie" as they are made up of many layers. There are many variations of panel layouts. Sometimes the DSP is fixed on the frame itself, then there is a layer of vapor barrier, a crate made of timber, between which a heater is attached. Outside, the "pie" completes another outer DSP sheet. The thickness of the sheets can vary from 10 to 16 mm. At the same time, if the house is multi-storey, then to lift the sheets to the height of the second floor, block and beam structures. Holes for self-tapping screws are also made in advance. Fasteners are installed every 15 cm. In the central part of the sheet, fastening is allowed every 30 cm. One plate should fall on three racks of the crate. Do not forget about the expansion joint, which is filled with sealant to protect the heat insulator.
The frame of the house, sheathed with DSP sheets
Interior decoration
Inside the house, it is used to create partitions, wall and ceiling cladding, for laying a subfloor.
- Draft floor- laid out for subsequent installation of a finished floor in the form of a laminate or parquet. DSP finds its application in different variations of this structural element of the house. The most primitive version of the subfloor is laying the coating directly on the ground. In this case, sheets with a thickness of 24 - 26 mm can be used. For frame houses, the first floor is formed over the foundation framing, the floor consists of a system of logs on which cement-bonded products are laid. To create insulation, a layer of thermal insulation, vapor barrier and wind protection is installed. A similar floor structure can be used when building a house from a bar; the log system is usually built into the crown crown. In fact, in this case, the DSP replaces the concrete screed.
Use case when DSP replaces a concrete screed
If a concrete screed is present, but its evenness leaves much to be desired, a layer of cement-bonded particle boards can even out the flaws. To do this, the sheets are laid on a log system, the distance between which should be no more than 600 and no less than 300 mm. Thickness cement coating should be 20 - 26 mm. Technological gaps must be left not only between the sheets (2 - 3 mm), but also next to the walls (10 mm). To do this, wooden chopsticks are installed between the wall and the extreme slab.
In the presence of an even concrete screed or subfloor, installation of DSP can be carried out on adhesive mixtures. To do this, the solution is thoroughly whipped, evenly distributed with a notched trowel. The sheets are seated on the composition, the seams are also filled with glue.
Installation option floor covering for the adhesive
- Partitions - these are elements that allow you to delimit the interior of the house into rooms. DSP is mounted on a rack metal carcass or a crate of wooden beam. The frame is attached to load-bearing structures(to the floor, ceiling, walls) with anchor dowels (plastic or metal). If a timber frame is installed, then the material must be treated with antiseptic agents. At the junctions with the supporting structures, a soundproofing tape is laid. To insulate the partitions, a layer of mineral wool is laid inside. Cement particle boards attached to the frame with self-tapping screws or nails.
Structure interior partition from CSP
- Finishing facilities- products made of chips and cement allow you to level the surface of curved walls, in this case the design resembles a hinged facade, only the work is done inside the house. The frame of the crate is constructed from wooden bars, which are processed, or steel profile. The profile or crate is fixed on the wall, sound insulation and insulation are placed between the DSP and the wall, if necessary. Also, in some cases, mounting on various adhesive solutions is allowed.
Steel crate for subsequent fastening of the DSP
- Flat roof- This economical way coatings, it is usually used for sheds, workshops and other outbuildings and service buildings, although in modern houses in high-tech style flat roof- not so uncommon. Cement slabs can be used to create roofing. On the beams they are fixed with self-tapping screws. To avoid leaks at the seams, sheets are usually laid in two layers, with the top layer overlapping the bottom. Above roofing for waterproofing it is covered with several layers. The roofing material is attached to the mastic. Corners are installed along the edges, which are fixed with self-tapping screws with press washers.
Preparing for finishing
Often clad houses are painted or plastered directly on top of the slabs, this type of finishing is very easy and convenient. Thanks to the even geometry of the sheets, the paint will lay down well after simple preparatory procedures. Good adhesion ensures easy adhesion of the finish coat.
- Deepening fasteners- the heads of self-tapping screws and nails should not rise above the plane, for this they are sunk into the material.
- chip repair- during construction works on the plates, defects, chips, scratches may appear. Before the beginning finishing they need to be covered with putty.
- Surface defects- after installation, various color defects (efflorescence, traces of rust) may form on the surface of the boards. These unnecessary "patterns" are cleaned with a soapy solution.
- Primer produced by elastic acrylic paint, it can be carried out even before installation, then it will be possible to cover all the ends.
Painted frame house in fechwerk style
Painting is recommended to be carried out 6 - 7 months after installation. The procedure is carried out in two stages. The first layer is preparatory - in some places it can be lighter or darker, the second layer already allows you to get an even surface color. It is best to use acrylic, silicate or latex paint.
Conclusion
Thus, working with DSP in comparison with oriented strand board has a number of nuances. Products have big weight, which requires the efforts of several people during installation. All holes, measurements and manipulations with products are best done on the ground. At proper preparation the surface of cement-bonded particle boards is easy to paint.
Building yard
PAINTING
The simplest surface finish of DSP is painting with the formation of seams (gaps) between the plates (see Fig. 1). The most suitable for this purpose are paints based on acrylic or silicone. Depending on the type of paint and the wishes of the customer, the paints are applied in one or more layers on a dry, primed surface of the slab.
1 - DSP;
2 - soil Amfiselan Tiefgrunt LF KAPAROL;
3 - covering paint Silicone-EG inf3501;
4 - elastic joint filler "Bau-silicone" inf. 5501
In the future, the formed seams (gaps) between the plates can:
- remain as a design detail - in this case, it is enough to cover the edges of the plate with the paint you need
colors;
- filled with elastic mastic; - hide behind decorative metal, plastic or wooden slats.
In cases where a jointless surface finish is required, a screed filler system must be used.
PLASTER
Plaster work on DSP skins it is possible to carry out with and without a visible seam.
System structural plaster using the example of CAPAROL with open expansion joints
Primer Putzgrund Ambient air parameters when applying the Putzgrund primer: T =18 °C, W =50%. Primer consumption - 0.28 kg/m2. Drying time -12 hours. Application is carried out using a roller with a pile length of 10 mm. 10% water by weight is added to the primer. The time for applying the primer on 10 panels is 2 hours.
Texture plaster RolPutz Palazzo 25 Ambient air parameters when applying Rol Putz structural plaster: Т =18°С, W =50%. Consumption of Rol Putz plaster - 2.5 kg / m. Drying time to a degree that allows the paint to be applied is 24 hours. The time required for the polymerization of the plaster, allowing transport Wall panels, is 72 hours. Application is carried out with a trowel, then with a roller with a pile length of 18 mm. It takes 7.5 minutes to apply a layer of plaster with an area of 1 m.
Finish coat 1 layer Muresko plus Palazzo 25. Ambient air parameters when applying Rol Putz structural plaster: Т =18°С, W =50%. Consumption of Rol Putz plaster - 2.5 kg / m. Drying time to the degree allowing to apply paint - 24 hours.
The time required for the polymerization of the plaster, which makes it possible to transport the wall panels, is 72 hours. Application is carried out with a trowel, then with a roller with a pile length of 18 mm. The coverage needs to be structured. It takes 7.5 minutes to apply a layer of plaster with an area of 1 m.
Application of structural plaster RolPutz
Ambient air parameters when applying RolPutz structural plaster: Т =18°С, W =50%. Finishing paint consumption - 0.56 kg/m. Drying time 12 hours. Application is carried out using a roller with a pile length of 18 mm. It takes 3 minutes to apply a layer of paint with an area of 1 m. For this type of work, you should use the technology of one manufacturer and follow its recommendations.
Surface preparation system for plaster without visible expansion joint CAPAROL is presented below:
1 Insulating adhesive CAPATECT - DAMMKLEBER
2 Thermal insulation boards from mineral fibre.
Facade thermal insulation boards CAPATECT -MW - Fassadem dammplatten.
3 Reinforcing layer
adhesive and putty mass CAPATECT -Klebe - und- Spachtelmasse.
+ fiberglass mesh CAPATECT Gewese
4 primer Putz GRUNT 610.
5 Upper layer plasters.
Structural plaster ROLL PUTZ.
WALLPAPER
Direct wallpapering of the working surface is carried out after fixing the primed slabs and filling the expansion joints with elastic mastic.
The surface finish of the boards can be done using vinyl wallpaper, glass fiber, non-woven wallpaper. In this case, the expansion seams will be hidden.
Vinyl wallpapers are used for interior decoration with high aesthetic requirements and where high wear resistance or washing ability of interior elements is required.
Attention!
1 It is not recommended to use paper-based wallpaper!
2 It is recommended to use glue and wallpaper manufacturer's technology.
3 It is possible to fasten GKL sheets directly to DSP sheathing using screws
with overlapping seams, in this case it is possible to apply any type of wallpaper.
CERAMIC TILES
It is not recommended to stick ceramic tiles directly on DSP sheets.
To obtain a durable finish on the DSP sheathing, it is necessary to fasten the GKLV sheets directly to the DSP sheathing using screws with a joint overlap of at least 200 mm. (in this case, the DSP sheathing plays the role load-bearing element).
Adhesive mastic is applied to the entire work surface plates. 4 - GKLV sheets.
In rooms with high humidity (bathrooms, showers), ceramic lining rooms with high humidity, it is recommended to carry out according to the following scheme (Fig. 3). 
1 - DSP;
2 - expansion seam;
3 - fixing the DSP to the frame;
4 - sheets of GKLV;
6 - soil "Tifengrunt" inf.4503;
7 - glue "Flexkleber" inf. 0710;
8 - ceramic lining;
9 - mastic for seams "Fugenweiss" inf.7503
In rooms with insufficient ventilation for structures with a constant water load (walls adjacent to the bathroom, shower cabin), DSP with an appropriate waterproofing coating should be used (Fig. 4): 6 - Flechendicht waterproofing
1 - DSP;
2 - expansion seam;
3 - fixing the DSP to the frame;
4 - sheets of GKLV;
5 - junction of GKLV sheets;
6 - waterproofing "Flehendicht";
7 - soil "Tifengrunt" inf.4503;
8 - glue "Flexkleber" inf. 0710;
9 - ceramic lining;
10 - mastic for seams "Fugenweiss" inf.7503
FLOOR COVERINGS
Floors made of cement-bonded particle boards for thin-layer floor coverings (Fig. 5) linoleum, carpets must be puttied over the entire plane, paying special attention to the joints of the plates. For putty, it is recommended to use elastic mastics on acrylic base. Possible irregularities, inconsistencies of the edges of the plates are recommended to be removed by grinding according to the previously described technology.
1 - DSP;
2 - primer "Tifengrunt" inf. 4503;
3 - putty;
4 - linoleum;
5 - elastic joint filler "Bau-silicone" inf.5501;
6 - expansion seam
Ceramic tile floor
When laying a floor made of ceramic tiles, it is recommended to use prefabricated floor bases made of gypsum fiber sheets, on the leveling layer of dry backfill, while the DSP plays the role bearing base(See diagram fig. 6)
1 - DSP;
2 - expansion seam;
3 - dry filling;
4 - PE film 0.1 mm (bitumen paper);
5 - Knauf Superpol (floor element);
6 - screws for GVL 3.9x19;
7 - adhesive mastic;
8 - putty Fugenfüller GV;
9 - waterproofing "Flehendicht";
10 - soil "Tifengrunt" inf.4503;
11 - glue "Flexkleber" inf. 0710;
12 - ceramic lining;
13 - mastic for seams "Fugenweiss" inf. 7503;
13 - edging tape
Cement particle board is a building material that is made from chemical additives. These supplements reduce harmful effect wood for cement, fine shavings (wood) and Portland cement.
DSP finishing features
DSP is used for wall cladding (both external and internal). The main competitors of DSP are: plywood, drywall, OSB, chipboard. The disadvantages of the DSP are its high density– 1.4 t/m3. Also, due to the low bending strength, it can break.
Before starting the treatment of the panel, it is necessary to make sure that there are no chemical manifestations on its surface. If found, they should be removed with sandpaper or technical soap.
Putty for DSP should be limited only to the area of \u200b\u200bthe joints. To do this, using a spatula, putty is put into the gap between the joints of the plates. (flush), and at the same time putty the places where the screws will be installed. Putty for DSP is done in order to provide protection against corrosion. After the putty has dried, the final puttying is done. To remove irregularities, rub the places where the plates are laid.
After the joints of the DSP are sealed, it is possible to subject the facade cladding to further processing. To do this, carry out preliminary priming with a primer composition. Priming is done with a brush or brush. The cut edges of the slabs and the places that were cut out for pipes are especially carefully primed. After sealing DSP joints, priming and other Finishing work have been completed, you can start painting and cladding. So, if you decide to tile with ceramic tiles, then DSP is exactly what you need. Because it provides a smooth surface and a very rigid structure, which is necessary for ceramic tiles.
The same principle is used when processing the inner surface of the cement-bonded particle board.
DSP - has wonderful soundproofing properties. If using with DSP mineral wool, you get a very effective tool that can protect against noise. If we consider DSP from the side of fire safety, then according to GOST this material is assigned to the category of low combustible.
DSP boards do not have a negative impact on the human body, as well as on the environment. natural environment. This is due to the components that make up this plate. So, cement-bonded particle board can be safely used in the construction of modular houses.
18 June, 2014How to seal the seams between DSP boards how to close a crack in the DSP, what kind of self-tapping screws to fix the DSP, how to fix the DSP, how to close the cracks in the DSP, how to putty the DSP, sealant for the DSP.
In my previous articles, I talked about how to do, how to fix DSP boards, how to fasten DSP boards.
Today I will continue the topic about DSP and tell you in detail how and what is better to seal the DSP seams. But first I want to warn you what kind of self-tapping screws you need to fasten the DSP. Last year, in some places, I fastened the DSP on yellow (galvanized) self-tapping screws 4 x 35 mm (just self-tapping screws 4.5 x 30-35 mm ended), then I puttyed the attachment points with putty, sealed the seams between the DSP boards with sealant, glued sickle on the seams (polyethylene mesh), also sealed with putty with PVA glue. I didn’t have time to paint last year, I just soaked it 2 times with a deep penetration primer for cement.
In the spring I saw the following. Putty in some places of fastening with self-tapping screws 4 x 35 mm fell off or kicked out. Started to figure out what was going on. It turned out that the screws just burst in half and kicked them out. I had to unscrew the remnants and screw in 4.5 x 35 mm self-tapping screws at a slight angle in the same place. Then, for 5-8 cm below or above these screws, additional holes for fasteners were drilled with a drill with a diameter of 10 mm and screws 5 x 30 mm were screwed in.
Conclusion: fasten plates or 5 x 35 mm (where the thread goes to the very head, along the entire length of the screw), otherwise smaller diameter screws may burst in winter.
ATTENTION: if during the installation of DSP boards you accidentally cracked one plate a little, then change this plate immediately, the crack will creep further. Place DSP boards vertically to full height without any pieces (excluding windows and doors). Place the largest DSP slabs first, and then cut the smaller ones (if your slab is cracked, you can cut a smaller piece out of it).
at high humidity expand by 1 mm, and in sunny or dry weather they narrow by 1 mm. It's been tested and won't get rid of it. If you seal the seams with sealant and then with a sickle (polyethylene mesh), then with putty with PVA, then after winter the seams will crack sooner or later.
We conclude: the seams will still have to be closed with a decorative board. Therefore, before that, you need to think through everything right away so that it is beautiful when you close the seams with a decorative board.
Let's try to close the seams as follows, more reliable, maybe a crack between the plates will not appear soon (or maybe not). I recently sealed one seam with a new method, now I have to wait a year to see the result, but I will prepare the decorative board for this seam right away, so that I can immediately take this board and install it on the seam.
First of all, we buy a sealant for sealing joints in cement. This sealant is GRAY in color, often it is sold not in tubes, but as a sausage in a red package (similar to a loaf smoked sausage). Sorry, I don't remember the name, but hardware store the seller will tell you, only the sealant should be necessarily gray color
for sealing joints in cement (do not take another). When this sealant dries, it becomes like hard rubber. Buy a plastic gun (plastic feels slippery to the touch) for this sausage (300 rubles). The whole sausage will not fit into the gun. You cut the sausage in half with a sharp knife and first insert one part into the gun, and when the sealant runs out, pull out the packaging that remains in the gun and insert the other half of the sausage.
The gun is easy to clean once the caulk is dry, don't be afraid that your caulk will dry up, but try to use all the caulk at once so it doesn't stay in the gun. The next day, you can easily clean the plastic gun and you can continue to work.
one . , we carry the gun from top to bottom (it's just more convenient). The sealant was applied about 1 meter, now wet your finger and run along the seam, pressing lightly so that the sealant adheres better to the edges of the DSP boards and then again apply the sealant to the untreated seam 1 meter, then again with your finger. We DO NOT WIP the sealant residues, wait for the sealant to harden, and then cut it off with a sharp shoe knife or others.
2. When the sealant dries (the next day), we take a FABRIC sickle for seams 10 cm wide and cut pieces for the entire length of the seam. We take glue PVA produced in Veliky Novgorod jar of 1 kg, add 1/3 cup of water there and stir well. Pour the glue into a small clean bucket and with a wide flat brush (brush width 6-8 cm) on the seam of the DSP boards (the glue dries quickly and therefore the glue must be applied in parts). We glue the sickle on this area and immediately coat it with glue on top. Then we apply glue again with a segment of 50-70 cm lower on the seam, glue the sickle further and coat it with glue on top. Thus, we will glue the sickle on the seam of the DSP boards.
3 . We sealed all the seams with a sickle. You can immediately putty the first seam. We dilute the finishing gypsum putty not with water, but with an adhesive emulsion.
The composition of the emulsion: . We go through all the seams with putty once. Putty a thick layer does not need to be applied, the main thing is to be smooth transition on the edges of the sickle. We have puttyed once and you can immediately apply a second one to the place from which you started puttying (the putty should already dry). With the same putty, close the caps of the screws twice. Tip: apply putty to the place where the head of the screw and 
so that the putty sticks better to the edges of the countersink, and then remove the excess with a spatula. So the putty will not fly off.
4 . On the wooden block apply the sandpaper and sand the putty.
5 . Apply a primer to the entire facade.
6. Paint the facade 2 times.
Further at your discretion. I will close the seams with a facing board. I think the seams will crack sooner or later anyway. For facade cladding I will use a planed board 100 x 20 mm. First, I will paint the board on all sides with Belinka twice, fix it on galvanized self-tapping screws 4.5 x 50-60 mm, and then I ALWAYS smear the heads of the screws with Belinka (otherwise rust will appear over time).
On the main page you can see other interesting and the right tips for construction and renovation.
As a token of gratitude, if you liked the advice,
don't forget about rec-mu. Sincerely, Yuri Moskvin.
When using site materials, a link to
Continuing the cycle of articles on the use of DSP boards in construction, we present recommendations from manufacturers on the processing of DSP boards (cutting, drilling, milling, grinding), fixing DSP boards (using nails and screws, placing and making seams) and surface finishing (painting, plastering).
Recall cement-bonded particle boards (DSP)- building material unique properties used in the technology of "dry installation". DSPs belong to the generation of modern composite building materials with properties that combine the strength and durability of cement with the flexibility and ease of processing of wood. Universal specifications DSP has already been fully appreciated all over the world.
Modern boards are made by pressing a molded process mixture consisting of softwood chips (24%), Portland cement (65%), minerals (2.5%) and water (8.5%).
The options for using DSP boards for decorating the facades of buildings of any type are described.
To date, the Internet has a huge amount of advice and recommendations for working with DSP boards, but many of them do not correspond to reality. In order to figure out how to properly work with DSP boards, we turned to the recommendations of manufacturers.
DSP PROCESSING.
Attention! To obtain a high-quality workable surface of cement-bonded particle boards, a cutting tool made of hard alloys is used.
Cutting.
When cutting (cutting, trimming) cement-bonded particle boards at the facility, manual circular saws with a disk diameter of 250 mm and the number of teeth not more than 40. The rotation speed of the disk is 3000-4000 rpm.
For a smooth edge cutting disc should protrude from the bottom surface of the plate to the minimum possible distance. Plates are cut from the reverse side in order to preserve the front side from damage.
Drilling holes.
For drilling holes in cement particle boards, hand-held electric drills with electronic speed control are used. Twist drills can be used to drill single holes. cutting material HSS, for long duty cycles - carbide drills are recommended.
Milling.
For milling cement-bonded particle boards, hand-held electric mills with end mills equipped with hard alloy soldering are used. Rotation frequency cutting tool ranging from 25-35 m/sec.
Grinding.
Grinding of cement-bonded particle boards at the enterprise JLLC "TsSP BZS" is not performed. In practice, during the installation of plates, local irregularities may occur at the joints, which should be removed by grinding. For this purpose, manual vibration, eccentric (orbital) or tape grinding machines. The grit size of the grinding material should be in the range of 40-80 units.
Attention! When grinding, the upper finely dispersed coating layer is disturbed, which leads to the opening of the plate structure, an increase in water absorption, and a deterioration in physical and mechanical properties. After finishing the processing, it is necessary to apply a primer to the plates to stabilize the surface and reduce hygroscopicity.
When cutting, drilling, milling and grinding cement-bonded particle boards, a large amount of dust is generated, so it is necessary to use dust extraction devices and aspiration devices.
DSP FASTENING.
Attention! All connecting elements and metal elements of load-bearing structures must have anti-corrosion coating. Before fastening cement-bonded particle boards, it is necessary to make sure that the frame elements are located vertically and horizontally, and that they are in the same plane. All planes and edges of cement-bonded particle boards must be primed before fixing. Special attention should be given to priming the edges.
Cement particle boards are attached to the supporting structures with self-tapping screws and rivets (when attached to a metal profile).
In order to provide technological correct fastening cement-bonded particle boards, the main requirement is to observe the spacing between the fasteners and the distances between them and the edges of the boards, according to the following diagram and table.
Holes for self-tapping screws and rivets are drilled in the DSP with a diameter 1.2 times larger than their own diameter. To deepen the heads of self-tapping screws and rivets, the holes are first countersinked to a depth exceeding the height of the heads by 1.5-2 mm.
To fasten the DSP without pre-drilling holes, you can use special self-tapping screws with a hardened tip and a countersunk head equipped with blades to form a recess (counterboring) to fit its dimensions.
Attention! The size of screws and self-tapping screws is chosen with the condition that the length of the pinched part was at least two thicknesses of the DSP board and at least 10 screw diameters. When tightening screws and self-tapping screws, excessive force should not be applied to avoid cracking the plate.
The table shows minimum dimensions screws and self-tapping screws used for fastening cement-bonded particle boards to the elements of load-bearing frames, depending on its thickness and the diameter of the dowel of the hardware product.
Attention! When using cement-bonded particle boards for cladding walls, partitions and ceilings, it is necessary to lay them with a joint, the width of which is 6-8 mm for outdoor use and 3-4 mm for indoor use. The seam can be closed with an outer strip, a wooden, tin, metal or polymer profile can be inserted, or covered with plastic putty on the base acrylic resins or polyurethanes.
SURFACE FINISHING DSP.
Cement particle boards, like any wood-based materials, are subject to small expansion and shrinkage due to changes in temperature and humidity levels.
At the joints of the plates, it is necessary to leave a gap for thermal expansion, allowing the linear expansion of the plate. In order to prevent the formation of cracks in the grout, the width of the closed expansion joint should be 8 mm for outdoor use and 4 mm for indoor use.
The simplest is an open expansion joint.
Attention! Cement particle boards are shipped from the factory with a moisture content of 9±3%. Intermediate storage before processing, as well as installation, must be carried out in dry conditions. In case of non-compliance this requirement boards may absorb an unacceptably high amount of moisture, which can lead to damage to the closed seams and / or at the attachment points, as well as damage paintwork the surface of the plates applied at the place of work.
The designs of the end faces of cement-bonded particle boards and joints are varied. The most common systems are listed below. When using cement-bonded particle boards outside buildings and for wall cladding, it is not recommended to grind the surface of the boards (except in cases where the sanded surface is provided for by special requirements). Sanded boards, in which the wood particles are directly visible on the surface, are usually only used for flooring (due to tight thickness requirements) and also in special cases.
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Open expansion seam.
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Open expansion joint with chamfered edges of the DSP.
Closed expansion seam.
Use of a strip rail.
Attention! Regardless of the methods used for surface finishing of cement-bonded particle boards, a mandatory primer is required for their planes and edges. The reverse sides of the plates are primed before their installation.
Coloring DSP boards.
The simplest and most common way of surface DSP finishing is painting with the formation of expansion joints between the plates (open joints).
In this case, before applying paint to the surface of the cement-bonded particle board, it is necessary:
- deepen all screws by 1-2 mm into the plate;
- clean from dirt and dust the surface of the plate. If there are grease or oil stains, they must be degreased;
- when cleaning wet, it is necessary to dry the plate;
- putty all recesses and chips with facade putty;
- after the putty has completely dried, sand the puttied places;
- clean and prime the front side and edges of the cement particle board (stabilizes the surface, reduces hygroscopicity, unifies the base);
- paint the slab.
Attention! Coatings must contain alkali-stable pigments. Unstable pigments can lead to color changes.
Filling expansion joints with elastic putties.
The expansion joints are filled with elastic putties based on acrylic resins and polyurethanes. silicone putties not applicable to cement particle boards.
The main rule for the functioning of an expansion joint is the exclusion of a three-sided fit in the joint, which causes uneven loading of the elastic filler with its subsequent separation from the edges of cement-bonded particle boards.
To do this, inserts made of polyethylene tape or a cord made of foamed polyethylene are used, which makes it possible to obtain a fit of the elastic filler only to the opposite faces of cement-bonded particle boards and to evenly distribute the load on the filler.
Closed expansion joint made of elastic putty with polyethylene tape insert.
Closed expansion joint made of elastic putty with an insert made of foamed polyethylene cord.
Plastering works.
Plaster work on cement-bonded particle boards is carried out with an open seam and a seam closed with a finishing system or flashing strips.
Plastering works are carried out in cases where the surface of the plates should look solid and smooth, without visible expansion joints. As is known, with a change in relative humidity, elongation or shrinkage of DSP boards occurs. In order for these changes not to affect the appearance of the plastered surface and not lead to the formation of cavity (hair) cracks, it is necessary:
- attach to the structure, previously primed plates;
- fill the resulting expansion joints with elastic putty;
- to make planar filling of a working surface;
- press an alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh into the formed coating layer;
- apply a leveling layer of putty;
- make the final (finish) surface finish.
Cladding of cement-bonded particle boards with ceramic tiles or decorative stone.
When facing working surfaces of cement-bonded particle boards ceramic tiles or decorative stone for their fastening and filling the expansion joints, it is necessary to use elastic mastics.
Adhesive mastic is recommended to be applied to the entire working surface of the plate. Expansion joints between slabs are recommended to be brought out, ensuring that they coincide with the joints of ceramic tiles and decorative stone. Otherwise, ceramic facing tiles or an element of decorative stone covering the joining slabs should be glued to only one of the slabs, leaving the place of overlapping without adhesive mastic.
In rooms with insufficient ventilation for structures with a constant water load (bath, shower), pre-primed cement-bonded particle boards should be used, followed by the application of waterproofing putty on them.
