Heating utility service. Heating water. What is hot water supply, hot water supply and sewerage in housing and communal services receipts

Hot water supply (DHW) is a 24-hour supply to the consumer hot water of proper quality, supplied to required volumes via the connected network to the residential premises.

Requirements (standards) for the quality of hot water are determined by Russian Government Decree No. 354:

• The temperature of hot water at the point of analysis must be at least 60 degrees. (For open systems centralized heating, at least 50 degrees. for closed systems, no more than 75 degrees)
• The total hot water shutdown time is 8 hours (total) for 1 month
• The total time of DHW shutdown is 4 hours at a time, in case of an accident on a dead-end main - 24 hours.
• The maximum period for carrying out preventive work in the summer season is 14 days
• Composition of water in mandatory must correspond sanitary standards SanPiN 2.1.4.2496-09
• The permissible deviation in the temperature of hot water at the point of water collection at night (from 0.00 to 5.00 hours) is no more than 5 °C
• The permissible deviation in the temperature of hot water at the point of water collection during the daytime (from 5.00 to 00.00 hours) is no more than 3 °C
• Pressure in the hot water supply system at the point of analysis - from 0.03 MPa (0.3 kgf/sq. cm) to 0.45 MPa (4.5 kgf/sq. cm)

For every 3 °C deviation from the permissible deviations in hot water temperature, the amount of the utility fee for billing period, in which the specified deviation occurred, is reduced by 0.1 percent of the fee. For each hour of hot water supply, the temperature of which at the point of collection is below 40 °C, in total during the billing period, payment for consumed water is made at the rate for cold water.

If the pressure differs from the established one by no more than 25 percent, the amount of payment for utility services for the specified billing period is reduced by 0.1 percent of the payment amount.
If the pressure differs from the established one by more than 25 percent, the amount of payment for a utility service is reduced by the amount of the fee calculated in total for each day the utility service is provided of inadequate quality.

Types of DHW systems:

• Central. Water is heated at thermal substations (CHS) and from them, using pipelines, it is supplied to consumers.
• Autonomous. To achieve the necessary temperature regime install special heating devices - boilers, storage boilers or geysers. This type of DHW organization is intended for small area premises - apartments or houses.

Designations (decoding) in housing and communal services receipts:

• DHW KPU— hot water is metered using an apartment meter
• DHW DPU— hot water is metered using a common household meter
• ODPU DHW- general household hot water meter

Calculation of the amount of payment for utility services for hot water supply is carried out according to:

• General house metering devices and depends on the number of residents registered in the apartment
• Apartment metering devices (hot water meters)

Another VK comfort fraud

Preparation of hot water using in-house engineering systems(ITP) apartment building(in the absence of centralized hot water preparation in the apartment building).
The amount of payment for hot water supply (DHW) is calculated based on the readings of household metering devices and the corresponding tariffs for cold water and consumed Gcal used to prepare hot water. At the same time, the costs of maintaining and repairing in-house engineering systems and electricity used for preparing hot water are included in the fee for maintaining and repairing residential premises.

Individual heating unit of our house (ITP)

Payment for heating and cooking in an apartment building hot water on the basis of the RF PP dated 05/06/2011 No. 354

Rules for the provision of utility services to owners and users of premises in apartment buildings and residential buildings, approved by Government resolution Russian Federation dated May 6, 2011 No. 354, hereinafter referred to as the Rules. For ease of typing in a text editor, the formulas used are slightly modified and specified in comparison with their writing in the Rules, which does not change their meaning in any way.

For a clear understanding: in accordance with paragraph 2 of the Rules, “non-residential premises in an apartment building” are premises in an apartment building that are not residential premises and common property owners of premises in an apartment building. For example, a store sewing studio, office space any organization, etc. The calculation of fees for such premises is, as a rule, similar to the calculation for residential premises (apartment). If there are differences in calculations, they will be discussed separately.

Calculation and distribution of fees in accordance with clause 50 of the Rules between consumers living in the room (rooms) of communal apartments in MKD is carried out according to formulas 7, 8, 16, 19 and 21 of Appendix No. 2 to the Rules and in in this case will not be considered.

I describe the calculations using the example of my own apartment building (hereinafter - MKD), which is equipped with the following metering devices:

1) collective (common house) installed in the heating point of the MKD (hereinafter referred to as ODPU):

A) to determine the total volume (quantity) of thermal energy used for the utility service “heating” and heating water for the utility service “hot water supply”, the temperature of the coolant in the supply and return pipelines at the boundary of operational responsibility (hereinafter referred to as ODPUte);

B) to determine the volume (quantity) of thermal energy used for the public service “hot water supply” (hereinafter - ODPUte-gv);

C) to determine the volume of water used for the public service “hot water supply” (hereinafter referred to as ODPUgv);

2) individual, installed in each residential (apartment) and non-residential premises (hereinafter - IPU):

A) to determine the volume (quantity) of thermal energy used for the utility service “heating” (hereinafter referred to as IPUte);

B) to determine the volume of hot water used for the public service “hot water supply” (hereinafter referred to as IPUgv).

Supplied from city heating networks to the house thermal energy divided into two parts and using equipment heating point used:
for preparing coolant circulating in the MKD heating system closed type;
for preparing hot water circulating in the open type MKD hot water supply system.

In this case, the coolant itself, supplied from city heating networks, is not taken away, but only the thermal energy contained in it is used.

In accordance with clause 40 of the Rules, the consumer of the utility service for heating and (or) hot water supply produced and provided by the contractor to the consumer in the absence district heating and (or) hot water supply, pays a total fee for such utility service, calculated in accordance with paragraph 54 of the Rules. Namely, it should include both the payment for utility services provided to the consumer in residential or non-residential premises, and the payment for utility services provided for general house needs.

Consequently, in this case, consumers should be charged in the payment document for utility services “heating” and “hot water supply” without dividing into individual consumption and consumption for general household needs.

In accordance with clause 54 of the Rules, consumers of each residential (apartment) and non-residential premises must pay the contractor for the utility resources used during the billing period, namely the thermal energy provided for the utility service “heating”, and the thermal energy and cold water provided for public service "hot water supply".

When determining the amount of payment by consumers of each residential (apartment) and non-residential premises for the utility service “heating”, the volume of thermal energy used only for heating is distributed among all residential and non-residential premises in an apartment building in proportion to the size total area residential or non-residential premises owned (in use) by each consumer in an apartment building in accordance with formula 18 of Appendix No. 2 to the Rules:

Po-i = Vte-o-d x (Si / Sd) x Tte

The amount of payment by consumers of each residential (apartment) or non-residential premises for the utility service “heating” (Po-i, rub.) is determined as the product of three components:

The volume (quantity) of thermal energy used during the billing period in the production of the utility service “heating” and defined as the difference between the measured amount of thermal energy ODPUte and ODPUte-gv (Vte-o-d, Gcal);

The ratio of the total area of ​​the i-th residential premises (apartment) or non-residential premises in an apartment building (Si, sq.m) to the total area of ​​all residential premises (apartments) and non-residential premises in an apartment building (Sd, sq.m);

Tariff for thermal energy established in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation (Tte, rub./Gcal).

When determining the amount of payment by consumers of each residential (apartment) or non-residential premises for the utility service “hot water supply”, the cost of cold water and the cost of thermal energy used to heat cold water in the production of the utility service for hot water supply, distributed to each residential and non-residential premises in proportion, are taken into account the volume of hot water consumed during the billing period in a specific residential or non-residential premises and is calculated according to formula 20 of Appendix No. 2 to the Rules:

Rgv-i = Vgv-i x Txv + Vte-gv-d x (Vgv-i / Sum Vgv-i) x Tte

___________
Sum- mathematical sign “sum”.

The amount of payment by consumers of each residential (apartment) or non-residential premises for the utility service “hot water supply” (Ргв-i, rub.) is determined as the sum of two components:

The product of the volume of hot water consumed by the consumer for each residential (apartment) or non-residential premises, determined for the billing period IPUgv (Vgv-i, cubic m), and the tariff for cold water established in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation (Tkhv, rub./cub.m .m);

The product of the volume (quantity) of thermal energy used during the billing period for heating cold water, determined by ODPUte-gv (Vte-gv-d, Gcal), the ratio of the volume of hot water consumed by the consumer for each residential (apartment) or non-residential premises, determined for the billing period IPUgv (Vgv-i, cubic m) to the total volume of hot water consumed by consumers of all residential (apartments) and non-residential premises, determined for the billing period IPUgv (SumVgv-i, cubic m), and the tariff for thermal energy established in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation (Te, rub./Gcal).

Fee for DHW by component " thermal energy» is to be determined based on the consumption of thermal energy used to heat hot water, determined according to the calculated value approved by the heat supply organization.

“The cost of a service is equal to the product of the volume of service consumed during the billing period and the tariff for this service.”

Formula 1:P=V*T, Where

P- cost of the service,

V- volume of service consumed during the billing period.

T- tariff for this type services, for water - price per 1 m3.

* - for the “hot water supply” service, presented in the form of two components, a different calculation method is used.

Cold water supply

1. If the living space equipped individual metering devices (IMU) for cold water, then the volume of service for the billing period is calculated based on the readings of the metering devices, subject to their timely transfer to the settlement center.

2. If the living space not equipped IPU or metering devices do not comply with the requirements of the law, then the volume of service is calculated based on the standards for this service:

Formula 2: V cold = V cold/norm * N run, Where

V hvs- volume of “cold water supply” service consumed during the billing period,

V hvs/norm - standard for the “cold water supply” service,

N lived- the number of people living in the residential premises.

Regardless of the method for determining the volume, the cost of the “cold water supply” service is determined according to Formula 1.

Hot water supply

The “hot water supply” service, divided into two components, is presented in the EPD in the form separate lines, since each component is calculated separately.

Service "Hot water supply (carrier)".

The carrier in the “hot water supply” service is cold water, therefore, the volume of the carrier and its cost is calculated in the same way as the “cold water supply” service (see the “Cold water supply” section).

The tariff for the “hot water supply (carrier)” service always coincides with the tariff for the “cold water supply” service.

Service “Hot water supply (energy)”.

Heating water requires thermal energy, which is measured in gigacalories (Gcal). The amount of thermal energy consumed to heat water is calculated by the formula:

Formula 4: Q p = V hot water/n * q, Where

Q p- thermal energy consumed to heat cold water;

V hot water/n- the volume of cold water (carrier) consumed during the billing period for the purposes of hot water supply;

q- specific thermal energy consumption, showing how much energy is spent on heating 1 cubic meter. meter of water. It is approved like other utility standards.

The cost of the “hot water supply (energy)” service is calculated using the formula:

Formula 5: P hot water/e = Q p * T te, Where

P hot water/e- cost of the “hot water supply (energy)” service;

Q p- thermal energy consumed to heat cold water (carrier);

T te- tariff for the service component “hot water supply (energy)”. The price for each supplier is approved by the Moscow Regional Committee.

EXAMPLE:

An apartment building with a common building meter installed ( Staraya Kupavna, st. Matrosova, house 14)

The house has a centralized hot water supply system (closed system)

A resident who has individual metering devices consumed for the billing month 3 cubic meters of cold water and 3 cubic meters of hot water.

The common house meter has readings for the billing month 727,12 cubic meters

(difference in readings: as of 31.07 - 14437.30 cubic meters, as of 30.06 - 13710.18 cubic meters)

The tariff for the service "Cold water supply for domestic hot water" is 34,98 rub/cub.m ( component for heathost)

The tariff for the service "Water heating for hot water supply" is 1794,17 rub/Gcal ( component for heate energy)

The specific thermal energy consumption is 0,048 (Approved by the Decision of the Council of Deputies of the Municipal Municipal Enterprise Staraya Kupavna dated November 17, 2009.

No. 2/4pa-2009)

SERVICE COST CALCULATION

Coolant: P =V * T = 34,98 rub/cub.m * 3 cubic m = RUB 104.94. (used Formula No. 1)

Thermal energy:P= V dws/n * q * T = 3 cubic meters * 0,048 * 1794,17 rub/Gcal = RUB 258.36(used Formula No. 5 )

In this case, the volume of the service Water heating for DHW (Individual consumption) in the EPD will accordingly be

0,144 Gcal (V hot water/n * q = 3 cubic meters * 0,048 = 0,144)

In accordance with the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated May 13, 2013 No. 406 “On state regulation of tariffs in the field of water supply and sanitation,” with a centralized hot water supply system in a closed system, a two-component tariff for hot water is established, consisting of “ cold water component "(rub./m3) and " component for thermal energy "(RUB/Gcal). The resource supplying organization supplying hot water makes settlements with the utility service provider ( management company, HOA) for 2 resources: cold water – at the tariff for the “cold water component”; thermal energy – at the tariff for the “thermal energy component”. The value of the cold water component is calculated by the tariff regulatory body based on the tariff for cold water. Value component for thermal energy is determined by the tariff regulatory authority in accordance with methodological instructions based on the following components: · tariff for thermal energy; · costs for the maintenance of centralized hot water supply systems in the area from central heating points (inclusive), where hot water is prepared, to the point on the border of operational responsibility of the subscriber and the regulated organization in the event that such expenses are not taken into account in the tariff for thermal energy; · the cost of thermal energy losses in pipelines in the area from the facilities where hot water is prepared, including from central heating points, including the maintenance of central heating points, to the point on the border of the operational responsibility of the subscriber and the regulated organization in the event that such losses do not taken into account when setting tariffs for thermal energy; · costs associated with the transportation of hot water. Providers of utility services in accordance with the “Rules for the provision of utility services to owners and users of premises in apartment buildings and residential buildings”, approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of May 6, 2011. No. 354 (hereinafter referred to as the Rules), calculate the amount of payment for the utility service for hot water supply for the volume of hot water consumed in cubic meters. In accordance with the Rules, the amount of payment (P i) for the utility service for hot water supply, in a room equipped with an individual device hot water metering is determined by the formula: P i = V i n * T to p (1), where: V i n is the volume (quantity) consumed during the billing period in i-th core or non-residential premises communal resource, determined by indications individual device accounting;T to p — tariff for a utility resource. Since the tariff for the utility resource “hot water” is set in the form of two components, the utility service provider with hot water consumers makes payments for the components: cold water and thermal energy for hot water supply needs. Amount of thermal energy (Gcal/ m 3) for hot water supply needs per 1 m 3, as a rule, is determined by the utility service provider on the basis of general house (collective) readings of hot water meters and thermal energy in hot water. It should be noted that the utility service provider makes settlements with the resource supplying organization based on the readings of the same common house (collective) metering devices for hot water and thermal energy in hot water. The consumed amount of thermal energy in hot water in the i-room (Gcal) is determined by multiplying the amount hot water according to an individual metering device (m 3) by the specific consumption of thermal energy in hot water (Gcal/m 3). The volume of hot water determined according to an individual metering device (m 3) is multiplied by the “cold water component” tariff (RUB ./m 3) is the payment for cold water as part of hot water. The volume of thermal energy in the consumed hot water (Gcal) is multiplied by the tariff “thermal energy component” (RUB/Gcal) - this is the payment for thermal energy as part of hot water.According to information letter FTS of Russia dated November 18, 2014 No. SZ-12713/5 “On the issue of regulating tariffs for hot water in a closed hot water supply system for 2015”, it is stated that the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the region government regulation prices (tariffs) has the right to make a decision on the establishment of tariffs for hot water in a closed hot water supply system per 1 cubic meter. m. In this case, the calculation of the tariff for hot water (T hot water) per 1 m 3 is made according to the formula: T hot water = T hot water * (1 + K pv) + US central heating + T t/e * Q t/e (2), where :T hvs - tariff for cold (rub./cubic m);T t/e - tariff for thermal energy (rub./Gcal); K pv - coefficient taking into account water losses in closed systems heat supply from central heating points to the connection point; US central heating - unit costs for the maintenance of hot water supply systems from central heating points to the boundaries of the balance sheet of consumers (without taking into account losses) in the event that such costs are not taken into account in tariffs for thermal energy (power), per 1 cubic meter. m;Q t/e - the amount of heat required to cook one cubic meter hot water (Gcal/cubic m). At the same time, the amount of heat for preparing one cubic meter of hot water (Q t/e) is determined by calculation, taking into account heat capacity, pressure, temperature, water density, thermal energy losses in risers and heated towel rails Thus, the charge in the receipt for hot water depends on the form in which the regulatory body sets the tariff for hot water: for two components (cold water and thermal energy) or per cubic meter. In question the amounts of charges for 2 components (cold water and thermal energy) are given, but not indicated municipality and tariffs for components. If we assume that hot water consumption was 10 m3, then the tariff for the “cold water component” is 331 rubles. / 10 m 3 = 33.10 rubles/m 3. If we assume that the tariff for the “thermal energy” component is 1800 rubles/Gcal, the amount of thermal energy consumed is: 1100 rubles. /1800 rub./Gcal = 0.611 Gcal, respectively, to heat 1 m 3 of hot water, the thermal energy consumption was 0.611 Gcal / 10 m 3 = 0.0611 Gcal/m 3. Chief Economist of the Yurenergo Group of Companies Isaeva T.V.

Every homeowner must know how to calculate hot water for subsequent payment. The fact is that the provision of this service occurs in quantitative terms, and if the hot water consumption is calculated incorrectly, this can result in a fairly large amount of overpayment or debt.

In addition, if, as a result of such an error, you do not pay for the hot water supplied to you on time, this may lead to its shutdown.

If you do not pay for the hot water supplied to you on time, this may lead to its shutdown

Payment for services for the supply of hot water to the population is regulated by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated May 6, 2011 No. 354. According to it, it must include 2 components:

1. Providing hot water supply directly to residential or non-residential premises.
2. Provision of hot water supply for general house needs or for land plot, as well as the auxiliary buildings located on it.

Usually centralized systems hot water supply is used in cities to supply such water to apartments, communal apartments and rooms in apartment buildings. Tariffs for hot water are set by Federal service on tariffs, as well as its divisions in the regions, so if you don’t know how to calculate the tariff for hot water, you can go to the website of this body. In addition, your local resource supply organization can provide you with an example of such a calculation.

Tariffs for hot water are set by the Federal Tariff Service

In any case, it is worth knowing that the formula for calculating the cost of hot water includes not only the tariff itself, but also other indicators. For example, if your communal organization has established a two-part tariff, then you will pay:

• payment for the consumption of one cubic meter of hot water;
• payment for the maintenance of the hot water supply system based on one gigocalorie.

With a one-component tariff, only consumed cubic meters are paid, which includes expenses for other needs. In addition, the approved methodology, which answers the question of how to calculate and how much a cube of hot water costs, also takes into account what category of consumers you belong to. It could be industry budgetary institutions or population.

A common house hot water meter is used, which is installed based on the decision general meeting owners of residential premises

If for other categories of consumers all issues regarding utility payments are resolved by special employees on staff legal entity, then the population calculates and pays for hot water consumption independently. At the same time, he is also entrusted with the obligation to pay expenses for general household needs. For this purpose, a common house hot water meter is used, which is installed on the basis of a decision of the general meeting of owners of residential premises.

By separate scheme hot water supply is calculated if an individual boiler room is installed in the house. So, in the bills there is no line “hot water supply”, and instead there are 2 positions: water heating and cold water supply for hot water supply. This subtlety will need to be taken into account by all homeowners in such houses.

Payment for hot water for the population

• according to the counter;
• according to the general standard.

The first option is the most profitable for the owner of a residential premises, since it allows him to pay only for the volume of hot water that he actually consumed. At the same time, every month he will need to transfer meter readings to the local resource supply company. It is usually called “Vodokanal” or “Teploenergo” and is municipally owned.

Payment for hot water by meter

In the second case, you have to pay based on the general standard established by the Government, taking into account the number of residents registered in a particular living space. Typically, the standard is applied when the apartment does not have a meter installed or it is broken. At the same time, as a measure to encourage the population to install metering devices, the Government has been gradually increasing the standards by 1.6 times by 2017 since 2015.

As for specific figures, for 2016 in Moscow the standard for hot water consumption is 166 liters per day per person. It may be different in other regions. In any case, it will be more profitable to pay using a meter, so it makes sense to install it in the premises as early as possible.

Important! In addition to the standard and meter readings, the cost of hot water is also calculated taking into account the readings of a common house meter.

You can find out how to calculate one for hot water by contacting a company that provides services for managing your apartment building. Generally speaking, the readings of the general house meter are subtracted from the readings apartment meters, and the resulting balance, based on a special formula, is divided among all residents registered in the house.

Hot water payment receipts

Directly residents apartment buildings Usually they don’t do calculations alone. Since this is the responsibility of the local housing department or homeowners association, for them there is a special line in the payment receipt with this indicator, which will need to be paid as part of the general receipt. If the amount in your opinion is too high, this may be the reason for your request to recalculate it. This must be done by the management company within ten days. If this does not happen, you have the right to appeal the company’s actions to the Housing Inspectorate or court.

It is also worth keeping in mind that modern technologies allow you to pay utility bills remotely or on a special schedule. This will be especially convenient if you leave your region of residence for some time or are very busy. To make payments according to the schedule, you will need to write to local branch your bank statement about this or adjust accordingly personal account on your bank's website.

In any case, try to pay the cost of hot water in full and established deadlines

Next, the required payment amounts will be withdrawn from your account in right time, which will allow you not to become a debtor for utility bills. In any case, try to pay the cost of hot water in full and on time.

Transmission of meter readings

As you already understood, the easiest way to calculate hot water consumption is to take readings from a meter installed in a residential area. This procedure must be carried out once a month. To do this, you will need to write off the first 5 digits of the readings from the meter.

Calculation of hot water consumption

Based on them, you can independently calculate your hot water consumption. To do this, subtract the new readings from last month’s readings. The difference you receive will be your monthly expense.

If you are wondering how to calculate hot water from a receipt, then you can do this by multiplying the readings obtained using a meter by the tariff in force in your region. This calculation may be useful to you when you have questions about the numbers indicated on the payment receipt. With complaints about this, you often contact the resource supply company, where you are required to recalculate the hot water you consumed.

Unscheduled water meter check

After you take the hot water meter readings, they will need to be transferred to the water supply organization. This can be done in several ways, for example:

• using the website of such an organization or management company;
• using special forms;
• at the office of the organization that supplies you with burning water.

After transmitting the readings from your individual hot water meter, you will only have to wait for a receipt for payment to arrive. If you have figured out how to calculate hot water before this time, you can double-check the amount billed to you to avoid mistakes. At the same time, if several water meters are installed in your apartment, you will have to transmit readings from all of them.

By the way, you will need not only knowledge of how to calculate hot water, but also how to check the accuracy of the meter reading. To do this, record the readings of the three red numbers on its scale, after which approximately 30 liters of water are drained from the tap using a ten-liter bucket. If the meter shows a higher or lower number, this may be a sign that the water meter requires an unscheduled check.

Internet banking for paying for hot water

After an invoice is issued to you based on the testimony you provided, you can pay it in several ways, for example, at Russian Post, through Internet banking, and also using an ATM. If you delay payment for more than 3 months, you may be charged a penalty, and hot water may be turned off. After six months, utility companies will be able to go to court to evict you from the premises you occupy.