The calculation of the amount of payment for heating from 06/01/2013 should be carried out according to the calculation rules approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 05/06/2011 No. 354 with amendments of the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 04/16/2013 No. 344 (hereinafter referred to as the Rules).
From June 01, 2013, heating consumers in an apartment building pay for this service in aggregate without dividing the payment for heating provided in a residential or non-residential building and for heating provided for general house needs, as previously provided.
Thus, in the invoice-receipts for payment of utility bills, the “heating” service should appear in only one line. This rule applies both to apartment buildings that have a centralized heating system, and to houses that do not have such a system.
The calculation of the payment for heating depends, first of all, on the equipment of the apartment building and the premises located in it with metering devices (common house (collective), individual and common (apartment)) and is carried out in the following order.
Calculation No. 1
A common house (collective) heat energy meter is not installed in an apartment building, and in all residential and non-residential premises there are no individual or common (apartment) meters for heating.
In this case, the payment for heating is calculated as the product of the heating consumption standard, the total area of the occupied premises and the tariff set for thermal energy ( formula No. 2 of Appendix No. 2 to the Rules).
P i = S i x N T x T T
N T - consumption standard set for heating,
S i - the total area of your premises,
T T - heat energy tariff set for your region and service provider.
CALCULATION EXAMPLE:
Your house does not have a common house metering device for thermal energy (heating). Residential and non-residential premises located in the house are not equipped with individual and common (apartment) meters for heating.
» The consumption standard for heating for your region is set at 0.03 gigacalories per 1 square meter of total area.
» The tariff for thermal energy for your region and service provider is 1200 rubles per 1 gigacalorie.
The heating fee for your apartment will be calculated in the following order:
0.03 Gkl x 60 m2 x 1200 rubles. = 2160.00 rubles.
Calculation No. 2
An apartment building has a common building meter for heat energy (heating), but not all residential and non-residential premises are equipped with individual and common (apartment) meters for heating.
In this case, the payment for heating will be calculated based on the readings of the common house meter, the total area of the occupied premises and the tariff established for thermal energy (formula No. 3 of Appendix No. 2 to the Rules).
V D - the amount of thermal energy, determined according to the indications of a common house meter,
S i - total area of residential or non-residential premises,
S about - the total area of \u200b\u200ball residential and non-residential premises located in an apartment building,
T T - tariff for thermal energy, established for your region.
CALCULATION EXAMPLE:
Your apartment building has a common building metering device for thermal energy (heating). Not all residential and non-residential premises located in the house are equipped with individual or common (apartment) meters for heating.
» The total area of your apartment is 60 square meters.
» The total area of residential and non-residential premises located in the house is 8,000 square meters.
» The tariff for thermal energy set for your region and service provider is 1200 rubles per 1 gigacalorie.
The heating bill for your apartment will be calculated as follows:
200 Gkl x 60m 2 / 8000 m 2 x 1200 rubles. = 1800 rubles.
Calculation No. 3
A common building (collective) metering device for thermal energy is installed on an apartment building. All residential and non-residential premises located in the house are equipped with individual or common (apartment) heating meters.
In this case, the payment for heating is calculated based on the readings of the general house and individual heat energy meters, the total area of the occupied premises and all residential and non-residential premises in the house, as well as the tariff established for heat energy (formula No. 3 (1) of Appendix No. 2 to the Rules).
V i n - the amount of thermal energy determined by the readings of an individual meter for which the fee is calculated,
V i ODN - the amount of heat energy provided for general house needs, which is defined as the difference between the readings of a common house meter, the amount of heat energy determined from the readings of all individual meters installed in the house, and the amount of heat energy used to heat hot water . Moreover, the last component is used in houses that do not have a centralized hot water supply system.
S i - total area of the occupied premises,
S about - the total area of all residential and non-residential premises located in the house,
Тcr - the tariff for thermal energy established for your region.
In other words, payment for heating in this case consists of heat energy consumed according to an individual meter and heat energy allocated to general house needs, which is distributed in proportion to the total area occupied.
CALCULATION EXAMPLE:
Your house is equipped with a common house heat meter. All residential and non-residential premises are equipped with individual heating meters. The apartment building does not have a centralized hot water supply system.
» The amount of thermal energy determined by the indications of the common house metering device is 200 gigacalories.
» the amount of heat energy determined by the readings of an individual meter installed in your apartment is 2 gigacalories.
» The amount of heat energy determined from the readings of individual meters installed in all residential and non-residential premises of an apartment building is 160 gigacalories.
» The volume of thermal energy used in the production of hot water is 20 gigacalories.
» The total area of your apartment is 60 square meters.
» The total area of all residential and non-residential premises located in the house is 8,000 square meters.
» The tariff for thermal energy is set for your region and supplier in the amount of 1200 rubles per 1 gigacalorie.
The heating bill for your apartment will be calculated as follows:
(2 + (200 - 160 - 20) x 60/8000) x 1200 = 2580 rubles.
The management company told us that this year they are going to install a new house heat meter in our high-rise building. In the meantime, it will be changed, we will have to pay for heating at higher rates. Explain whether they can charge us too much and how they generally calculate the payment for heat?
Denis Potapov. Southwestern District.
As explained in the capital's mayor's office, if the general house heat meter works properly all year round, the heating fee is charged according to the average calculated readings of the house meter for the past year. This is necessary to evenly distribute the amount throughout the year. That is, every month we pay for heat 1/12 of the total heat accounted for by the house meter for the past year. The management company divides the amount of heat that, according to the meter, heated the house last year, by 12 months. The resulting figure is divided by the total area of the entire house and multiplied by the total area of a particular apartment and the current tariff (see "Specific").
At the end of the year, the management company compares the resulting figure with the amount of heat actually used and changes the amount depending on whether the house spent more or less heat this year than last year. The payment adjustment is indicated in the receipt in the "Recalculation" column.
BY REGULATIONS OR IN FACT
If there was a break in the work of the house heat meter for at least a month (for example, the device broke down or the management company did not transfer the meter readings to the heat supplier), then residents will pay for heating this year according to the meter data for last year. And next year - already according to the standard. The payment for heat in a residential building is affected by the number of floors, the material of the walls, the year of construction, and the work of the management company for energy saving in the building. On average, the price for heating one square meter in houses where a house heat meter is installed is from 23.11 rubles. up to 29.42 rubles. And in houses where they pay for heat according to the standard - more than 33 rubles, that is, the amount in receipts can be more.
WHERE TO COMPLAINT
If the tenants of the house doubt the correctness of the amount in the payment, they can apply to the Moscow Housing Inspectorate with a request to check utility bills. A complaint can be sent to:
Heating bills make up the lion's share of total utility bills. Learn from this article how the heating fee is calculated under the new rules of 2016 and how the tariff is determined when meters are not installed. Knowing how to "read" the receipt, you will be aware of how much and for what you pay. This will allow timely detection of intentional or accidental errors in the calculations indicated in the receipts.
The formula for calculating the heating fee
The rules for the provision of public services are regulated by Decrees of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 354 and No. 344. They indicate that the calculation of payments for heating is made in two ways:
- Based on meter readings.
- According to consumption standards (if meters are not installed).
Without appliances
The total area of the apartment x the norm of heat energy consumption x the heating tariff established in the region.
According to the current legislation, in all houses where there is a technical possibility, common house meters should be installed. In their absence, when calculating the heating fee, a multiplying factor is applied. In 2016 it was 1.4, and since the beginning of 2017 it has been raised to 1.6.
With common meter
Another calculation method is used when only one common metering device is installed in the house, and there are no meters in the apartments. In this case, the formula is applied:
The total amount of heat consumed in the house x the area of the apartment / the total area of all rooms in the building x the tariff set in the region.
The total amount of heat consumed in the house is determined on the basis of the readings of the common house meter taken over a certain period of time. Usually it is 1 month.
With individual meter
Now let's see how heating is calculated in an apartment in which an individual heat meter is installed. The formula is pretty simple:
The amount of heat consumed (readings of the apartment meter) x the heating tariff established in the region.
Calculation of payment for heating in this way is carried out only if two conditions are met:
- Metering devices are installed in 100% of apartments.
- The building has a communal meter.
Let's look at a specific example of how the heating fee is calculated:
How is the tariff determined if there are no meters
Although the state encourages owners to install metering devices, not everyone still has them. In such cases, the tariff is calculated in one of two ways:
- If even a common house metering device is not installed, the tariff set by the local administration is taken.
- If there is a common house meter, the tariff is calculated for a particular house.
The tariff is reviewed once a year. Its size is affected by various parameters, the main ones are:
- energy prices;
- payroll costs;
- average temperature for the last 5 heating seasons.
When the heating season ends, the tariff is revised and the costs for the past season are recalculated. If the actual costs are lower, the resulting overpayment remains on the personal account of the owner. It will go towards paying for heating next year. If it is revealed that the tariff has been underestimated, additional amounts appear in the receipts.
Please note - if you yourself found a discrepancy between the amount accrued and paid, you have the right to write an application for recalculation. A sample application for the recalculation of utility bills can be downloaded in this article.
Something is not clear? Ask a question and get an expert comment
Heat / Heating, heat supply - payment
With the beginning of each heating season, the residents of apartment buildings again and again raise the question: on what basis do we pay "for heat?", "isn't it too much?" and “how to check the correctness of charges for heating?”.
And yet, the payment for heating is the most incomprehensible part of the payments for the "communal" for citizens. In the receipts that we receive, there is a line "Heating". It has a meaningless unit of measure - " gigacalories". And even less for us anything explaining figure in the column "volume of services rendered."
What services? How are they counted? And what about calories? And where does the number of them come from, which for some reason is attributed to your apartment? Let's figure it out.
But let's say right away - the calculation of the amount that you have to pay for heat occurs according to rather complicated rules. They include many formulas and take some time to figure out.
Therefore, we propose to act as follows: first, consider the logic of calculations as a whole, you can understand which of the options applies to your home. And then we will go through the formulas by which the payment for heating is calculated in each specific variant.
How is the heating bill calculated? General logic
So, let's start with " calories", or rather Gigacalories (Gcal). These are units of measure for thermal energy. She, thermal energy, is supplied to your apartments by means of a heat carrier - i.e. water heated to the desired temperature.
Passing through the heating system of the house, the coolant gives up part of its energy and makes the batteries and risers in your apartment hot. Therefore, it is natural that the amount of heat that enters our house is measured in Gcal.
If you have a heat meter in your apartment, then answering this question is relatively simple. How much the counter counted, so much was consumed. Plus, it is necessary to add to this the part of the heat that is spent on heating landings, elevator lobbies, etc. This is called heat for common house needs. How its volume is calculated, we will indicate below.
In general, we can say that, of course, it is easier to calculate the volume of your consumption using an apartment heat meter. The problem, however, is that heat meters in apartments of high-rise buildings began to be installed quite recently and few people have them installed now. However, there are such people, and the current legislation clearly describes how they calculate their payment. We will consider this in detail.
A much more common case is when the heat meter is at the "entrance" to an apartment building. Such a counter is called a common house or collective. His testimony makes it possible to understand how much heat entered the house. Then you can calculate how much of this energy falls on each apartment.
Distribution in this case occurs in proportion to the area of apartments. This calculation looks quite logical. We give all the necessary formulas below.
Well, what happens if there is no common house heat meter? We answer: the calculation is carried out according to the heating standards. The standard in this case is the calculated amount of thermal energy that is necessary to heat one square meter of housing for a month. They are measured in Gcal per sq. meter.
Since the temperature regime in our country in winter is very different in different parts of the country, the heating standards are determined by the regional authorities and differ in different subjects of the federation. In addition, different standards may be set for different types of housing. Which is quite logical - the heat loss in the old barracks and the relatively modern 11-story building built in the 80s, of course, is different.
The algorithm for calculating the payment for heating according to the standards is quite simple. The area of your apartment is multiplied by the current standard, the result is the amount of thermal energy that is (theoretically) needed to keep you warm. Naturally, all these calculations are somewhat speculative and often do not correspond to the actual consumption of thermal energy.
Our government has been stubbornly fighting with payment for heating according to the standards for some time now. The installation of general building heat meters is recognized as mandatory. And if there is no common house meter (although there is a technical possibility for installing it), then the heating fee is charged with “penalty” coefficients. From January 1, 2017, it is 1.5. The details of the calculation according to the standard are also given below.
In the meantime, let's sum up the intermediate result. The figure that describes the amount of heat consumed in your bill can appear in one of three ways:
- based on the readings of your apartment heat meter (plus your share of the heat consumption for general house needs)
- based on the total volume of heat consumption attributable to your share (calculated according to the general building meter)
- based on heating standards, if you do not have a common house meter in your house.
One more important clarification: according to the current legislation, the payment for heating can be calculated:
- during the heating season
- throughout the year
Which of these options to follow is decided by the regional authorities. If a decision is made to charge heating fees throughout the year, then special correction factors are applied in the formulas for calculating heating fees. We will talk about them below, in the section where formulas are analyzed.
Here we note one important thing regarding heat payments throughout the year: if you pay for heat in the summer months, and your house has a common house heat meter, then you must make an annual corrective payment for heating.
Just mark it for yourself, we'll get to that in more detail below.
Now that we have generally figured out how the payment for heat is calculated, let's move on to the formulas that describe what kind of payment you should have.
How is the payment for heating calculated if payments are received only during the heating season?
Currently, the cost of heating services is calculated on the basis of the "Rules for the provision of utility services to owners and users of premises in apartment buildings and residential buildings", approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 354 of May 6, 2011. The current version of this document.
In order not to be confused in the future, we will call this document easier - " Rules".
Let us clarify once again, if your payment for heat is charged only for the period October - May, then everything written in this section applies specifically to you. If, in your case, payments for heat come monthly, including in summer, then.
Let's proceed directly to the calculation of payment for heat. Their algorithm, as we wrote above, depends on the following factors:
- the presence of a common house meter in the house
- availability of apartment (individual) heat meters in all apartments and non-residential premises of the house
- and also (we did not write about this above, but now we will bring you up to date) from the presence in at least 50% of the residential (and non-residential) premises of an apartment building of the so-called "distributors»
Let's deal with each of these points.
Option 1. A common house heat meter is not installed in your house.
In this case, the heating fee is calculated based on three parameters:
- the standard for heating approved in your region, how many gigacalories (Gcal) are needed to heat one square meter for a month
- approved heating tariff for your heat supplier, i.e. how much is one Gcal
- the area of your apartment (we recall that the heated area does not include the area of \u200b\u200bthe loggia or balcony).
The formula that describes the calculation of the payment for heating in the absence of an individual (apartment) and a common house meter looks like this:
| P i =S i x N t x T t |
Si- total area i of residential or non-residential premises.
N t- the standard for the consumption of utility services for heating.
T t— the tariff for thermal energy, established in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation
In other words, the area of your apartment is taken, multiplied by the heating standard (how many gigacalories are considered necessary to heat one square meter of area) and multiplied by the heat tariff in force in your region (the cost of one gigacalorie).
It is also worth considering that if you do not have a common house heating meter in an apartment building, although there is a technical possibility for installing it, then a multiplying factor is applied when calculating the heating fee. Thus, the government encourages the managing organizations of houses and residents to install common house meters.
The value of this multiplying factor for 2016 is assumed to be 1.4. And from January 1, 2017 - 1.5.
Option 2. There is a common house heat meter, heating meters are not installed in the apartments
It is worth noting that the formula below is valid only if none of the apartments in the house is equipped with an individual heat meter. If so, then the calculation is carried out as follows:
| P i \u003d V d x S i / S about x T t |
V d- volume (quantity) of thermal energy consumed during the billing period, determined according to the readings of the collective (common house) thermal energy meter, which is equipped with an apartment building.
Si- total area of the i-th residential or non-residential premises
S about b - the total area of all residential and non-residential premises of an apartment building
T t- tariffs for thermal energy, established in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.
To simplify, the total amount of heat consumed in an apartment building is taken.
It determines the share attributable to your apartment (based on the ratio of the total area of the house and the area of \u200b\u200bthe apartment).
The resulting amount of heat in gigacalories is multiplied by the tariff in force in your area.
Option 3. A common building meter is installed, all apartments (non-residential premises) are equipped with individual heat meters
"all
Vi n- volume (quantity) consumed during the billing period in the i-th residential or non-residential premises of the communal resource, determined by the readings of an individual or common (apartment) metering device in the i-th residential or non-residential premises.
Vi one
V i one = Vd - ∑ i V i n
Si
S about
T T
The bottom line is that the amount of heat consumed in the apartment is taken (based on the readings of the apartment meter), and the part of the general house heat consumption passing to this apartment is added to it.
Option 4. A common house meter is installed, at least one, but not all apartments are equipped with individual heat meters
In this case, the payment for heating is carried out in the following form:
| P i \u003d (V i + S i x (V d -∑V i) / S v ) x T T |
Si- the area of the apartment,
V D- the volume of consumption in the house, calculated according to the common house heat meter,
S about- the total area of all residential and non-residential premises in an apartment building,
T T- heat tariff,
Vi- heat consumption in the apartment in question. If a heat meter is installed in it, then the volume of consumption by the meter is meant.
If we are talking about an apartment that is not equipped with a heat meter, then the consumption for it is calculated by a separate formula:
Vi= S i x ∑V IPU /∑S iIPU,
In other words, to calculate the volume of heat, the average volume of heat consumption per square meter in apartments equipped with heat meters is taken and this average reading is multiplied by the area of the apartment in question. Those. for apartments without meters, the average heat consumption is extrapolated, which is calculated for apartments with meters.
In general, Option 4 assumes that the share of heat consumption for general house needs attributable to this room is added to the heat consumption in the apartment. This volume is proportional to the ratio of the area of this apartment and the sum of the areas of all residential and non-residential premises.
As you can see, the principle is the same as when calculating the payment for heating in houses where all apartments are equipped with individual heat meters.
Option 5. Payment for heat in an apartment building, where more than 50% of the apartments are equipped with distributors
The distributor is a sensor that is installed on the radiator (outside) and takes into account the amount of heat that the radiator gives off to the environment. In other words, this is an analogue of a heat meter, operating on other principles.
The rules require public utilities to take the readings of distributors to calculate heating fees. It is only necessary that two conditions are met:
- a high-rise building must be equipped with a common house (collective) heat meter
- distributors should be installed in apartments that collectively occupy more than 50% of all residential and non-residential premises of the house
If these conditions are met, then once a year (and more often by the decision of the meeting of residents) the payment for heating apartments with distributors is adjusted based on the readings of these devices.
The formula in this case is:
|
|
Pi- the amount of payment for the provided utility service for heating in the i-th residential premises equipped with distributors (apartment) or non-residential premises in an apartment building for the period for which the adjustment is made,
k- the number of residential premises (apartments) and non-residential premises equipped with distributors in an apartment building,
p- the number of distributors installed in the i-th residential premises (apartment) or non-residential premises in an apartment building;
m qi- the share of the volume of consumption of the utility service for heating attributable to the q-th distributor installed in the i-th residential premises (apartment) or non-residential premises in an apartment building, in the volume of consumption of the utility service for heating in all residential premises equipped with distributors (apartments) and non-residential premises in an apartment building.
The meaning of this formula is:
- the entire payment for heating is taken, which (based on the standards, according to the formula of Option 2) was paid by the apartments where the distributors are installed
- the share of each of your distributors in the amount of heat that was taken into account by the distributors in all apartments is calculated
- then these shares are summed up and thus your share in heat consumption among all apartments equipped with distributors is calculated
- we multiply the total amount of payment for heat by all apartments with distributors by your share in this consumption (judging by the readings of the distributors).
- the resulting figure will be your payment for heat for the adjusted period.
If it turns out to be more than you have already paid, the future heat payment will be credited to your account. If less, an additional corrective payment will be made.
How is the heating fee calculated if payments are received throughout the year?
In this case, the heating fee is charged throughout the year in equal installments. The payment calculation algorithm here will also depend on
presence / absence of a common house heat meter
presence/absence of individual heat meters in apartments.
At the same time, if there is a common house metering device in the house, then the residents should annually adjust the payment for heating.
So, let's consider possible options for charging heating fees.
Option 1. The house has neither common house nor individual heat meters
The payment for heating in the i-th room (apartment) in this case is calculated according to the standards. The calculation formula is:
| P i = S i x (N T x K) x T T |
Si
N T— standard for consumption of thermal energy for heating (Gcal / sq. m);
To- coefficient of frequency of payment by consumers for utility services for heating, determined by dividing the number of full months of the heating period in a year by the number of calendar months in a year.
T T
— heat energy tariff established in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation (RUB/Gcal);
At the same time, if you do not have a common house heating meter in an apartment building, but there is a technical possibility for installing it, then a multiplying factor will be applied when calculating the heating fee.
The coefficient is not applied if there is an act of inspection of the house, during which it was recognized that it was not technically possible to install a collective (common house) heat energy meter.
Option 2. A house-wide heat meter is installed in the house, apartment heat meters are not installed in all apartments and non-residential premises
In this case, the calculation of the heating fee is carried out according to the following formula:
| P i = S i x V T x T T |
Si- the total area of the i-th premise (apartment) in an apartment building or the total area of \u200b\u200ba residential building (sq. M);
V T- the average monthly consumption of thermal energy for heating for the previous year (Gcal / sq. m) based on the readings of the collective heat meter;
T T— tariff for heat energy established in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation (RUB/Gcal).
In the absence of information on the volumes of consumption of thermal energy for the past year, the amount of payment for heating is determined by the formula for calculating the payment for heat according to the standard.
Once a year, the amount of payment for heating in the i-th residential premises of an apartment building should be adjusted according to the formula:
|
P i = P k.pr x S i / S rev - P fn.i |
P k.pr- the amount of payment for thermal energy, determined based on the readings of collective (common house) metering devices installed in an apartment building (rub.)
Si- the total area of \u200b\u200bthe i-th room (apartment, non-residential premises) in an apartment building or the total area of \u200b\u200ba residential building (sq. M);
S about- the total area of all premises in an apartment building or residential building (sq. M);
P fn.i- the total amount of payment for heating in the i-th residential building of an apartment building for the past year (rub.).
In other words, the charge for heat is based on the average monthly volume of consumption recorded by the general house meter for the past year.
When data on the average heat consumption in the current year appears, a recalculation (adjustment) is made based on these data.
Option 3. The house has a common house heat meter, all (100%) apartments and non-residential premises are equipped with individual heat meters
The key here is the clarification that heat metering devices are equipped precisely "all » (100%) apartments and non-residential premises.
In this case, the following formula applies:
| P i = (V i n + V i one x S i / S rev) x T T |
Vi n- volume ( quantity) of thermal energy, determined on the basis of the average monthly volume of consumption of thermal energy for heating according to the readings of an individual (apartment) meter for the previous year
Si- total area of the i-th room of an apartment building
S about- the total area of all residential premises (apartments) and non-residential premises in an apartment building
T T- tariff (price) for a communal resource (in this case, for thermal energy), established in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.
Vi one- the volume ( quantity) of thermal energy provided for the billing period for general house needs in an apartment building equipped with a collective ( common house) heat energy meter.
This volume of heat for general house needs is calculated, in turn, according to the following formula:
| V i one \u003d V D - ∑ i V i n |
V D- the amount of heat energy consumed in an apartment building for the billing period, determined on the basis of the average monthly volume of heat energy consumption for heating according to the readings of the collective (common house) metering device for the previous year.
The bottom line is that the amount of heat that was consumed by the apartment on average per month last year (according to the readings of the apartment meter) is taken and the part of last year's general house heat consumption passing to this apartment is added to it.
The resulting figure is multiplied by the current heating tariff.
At the same time, the size of the payment for heating in the i-th residential or non-residential premises of an apartment building is adjusted once a year according to the formula:
| P i \u003d P k.p - P n.p. —P n.n. / S vol. x S i |
P k.p- the amount of payment for thermal energy consumed over the past year in all premises, determined based on the readings of the collective (common house) metering device and the tariff for thermal energy, approved in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation (rub.);
Pn.n- the amount of payment for thermal energy consumed during the billing period in premises not equipped with metering devices, determined on the basis of the standard for consumption of thermal energy and the tariff for thermal energy approved in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation;
S about- the total area of all residential and non-residential premises in an apartment building (sq. M);
Si- the total area of the i-th room (apartment, non-residential premises) in an apartment building (sq. M);
Pnp- the amount of payment for heat energy consumed over the past year in an apartment building equipped with a collective (common house) heat meter, with the exception of the volume (amount) of heat energy consumed over the past year in all residential and non-residential premises in an apartment building. This indicator is determined, in turn, by the formula:
V i one \u003d V D - ∑ i V i n
V D- the volume of thermal energy consumed in an apartment building for the billing period, determined on the basis of the average monthly volume of thermal energy consumption for heating according to the readings of the collective (common house) metering device for the previous year.
V i - the volume of consumption of thermal energy in the i-th residential or non-residential premises, based on the average monthly volume of consumption of thermal energy for heating according to the meter for the previous year.
Instead of a conclusion
After reading everything written above, we believe you could not help but ask the question - and what's next? Okay, the formulas are more or less clear. But how to find out if we have a collective meter in the house, how to get acquainted with its testimony? What is the standard for heating, heat tariffs in our region? Where can I get all this?!
These questions are legitimate and we hope that in the foreseeable future we will try to give answers to them (and a number of other equally relevant ones) in the next article.
But, we hope that this article, which you have already read, will give you the opportunity, at least in general terms, to begin to navigate the issue. And this is already a big deal. After all, we pay the most for heat from utilities. And it would be nice to understand, at least as a first approximation, where the numbers come from in the line "heating" of our receipts.
According to the 354th Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation, the owners of apartment buildings received a number of advantages regarding the payment for the consumption of LCD services. For example, citizens have the right to apply with an application containing a requirement to recalculate for heating. Knowing your rights and fulfilling your obligations will help the consumer to avoid conflict situations with the service provider, and to independently control consumption and payment.
For a long time, verification and recalculation of payment for the consumption of communal goods were carried out only in cases requiring consumers to pay extra for the services provided. The constitutional rights of citizens of the Russian Federation were grossly violated. In fact, the contractor can recalculate for heating every year at a convenient time for him. For recalculation, established formulas and rules are used.
Payment adjustment
The annual adjustment of payment for the services provided must be carried out by the supplier. If this was not carried out, the tenant has the right to demand a recalculation.
The cost of heating services is one of the largest expenditure items for the consumption of housing and communal services. The clear desire of every consumer is to save money.
The owners of apartments in multi-apartment buildings pay for the supply of heat per m 2 in the period September-May. The amount is formed by multiplying the established regional tariff by the total area of the apartment.
If heat consumption metering devices are not installed in the premises, the payment is calculated by the service provider. The calculation procedure is established by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation.
For consumers, it is more profitable and transparent to account for services by a common house meter. It is the readings of the meter that allow you to control the consumption of consumption and understand why the monthly payment amount fluctuates.
The difference between the amount received from the consumer and the amount paid to the resource supply organization, revealed during the recalculation, is returned to the homeowner. Recalculation of payment for heat supply is carried out, regardless of the presence of metering devices in the room.
When requesting a recalculation, it is worth remembering that this process covers the entire period of the heating season. Some companies go to the trick, recalculating only for the month of May, when the heat supply was stopped.
Recalculation in favor of the supplier
Failure to fulfill the agreed obligations by the consumer gives the supplier the right to make an independent recalculation in the direction of increasing the amount of payment. It is the fact of violation of heat consumption (ignoring the timing of verification, damage to the seals of the meter, unauthorized violation of the integrity of the pipeline) that determines the recalculation formula.
Damage to the seal on the meter leads to the recalculation of payment according to consumption standards, taking into account the number of people living in the designated living space. Unauthorized tie-in or other independent interference that violates the integrity of the functioning of the accounting device is also carried out on the basis of general standards. In addition, such actions on the part of the consumer may have more serious consequences. For example, the application of administrative sanctions.
Recalculation in favor of the consumer in 2018-2019
Based on the provisions of the new resolution, a number of violations on the part of the supplier can be noted, which are the basis for the recalculation of payment for the supply of heat:
- during the period of heat consumption, the temperature of the room should not be lower than 18 ° C (corner room 20 ° C);
- in regions with an average daily temperature below -31°C, the generally accepted indicators are increased by 2°C;
- the time of emergency termination of heat supply should not exceed 16 hours at a time and 24 hours in total per month (if during the shutdown the room temperature was above 12 ° C, recalculation is not performed);
- the established norms of the temperature regime allow deviations of ± 4 ° (a decrease in temperature is permissible only at night by no more than 3 °).
Deviation from the above norms is the basis for the recalculation of heat consumption.
That is, the basis for recalculation is:
- provision of low-quality services;
- interruption of heat supply.
The reason for the recalculation may be a long absence of consumers in the apartment.
What will be required
Before you apply for a recalculation to the management company, you need to prepare the following information:
- receipts for payment for heat consumption for the recalculation period (if the receipt has been lost, it can be replaced by an extract from the relevant organization);
- request heat metering cards from the management company;
- information about the area of the premises and the total footage of all residential and non-residential rooms of an apartment building.
To fix the provision of low-quality services, the management company inspects the premises. If the representatives of the company ignored the request for an examination, the inspection is carried out independently. All necessary measurements confirming violations are performed in the presence of two witnesses and the data are recorded in the act:
- date, time, room temperature indicators;
- period of absence or disruption of heat supply.
The fixed time indicators in the act are the beginning of the report of the violation period. After the drafted document is transferred to the management company.
Evidence of a long absence of a tenant in the premises may be:
- transport tickets and invoices;
- travel sheets;
- hospital records;
- document on temporary registration in another place;
- a copy of the passport with entry and exit marks;
- extract of a gardening partnership.
Procedure and terms
The consumer submits an application with the requirement to recalculate the heat supply services for the time of his absence to the appropriate organization no later than the end of a month from the moment of arrival. The calculation takes place according to a strictly established procedure. The management company considers acts when applying for recalculation, which will be carried out for 6 months.
