Before starting the construction of a house from a bar, many consumers ask themselves: how much timber is needed for the construction of the proposed structure. To answer this question, you can go two ways:
- Use the beam calculator;
- Read the article below about calculation of the amount of timber needed to build a house.
And if everything is more or less clear with a calculator, then it is much more difficult to do it yourself. Let's look into this issue.
Factors affecting the amount of timber needed to build a house.
The main thing to consider when calculating the amount of timber per house is:
- What type of timber will be used in construction;
- How much timber do we need;
- How many units of timber are in 1 cubic meter;
- Features of the project of a house from a bar or a cottage.
Calculation of building timber in cubic meters.
And so, how calculate the amount of timber in 1 cubic meter simple method? It should be noted that the following example is not exact. To make a more accurate calculation, you must have a project of the future home.
To calculate the amount of timber in 1m 3, you must:
- Calculate the perimeter of the building;
- Multiply the perimeter by the height;
- The product of the perimeter and the height must be multiplied by the thickness of the product.
For our case, the formula will look like this: V \u003d h * b * l \u003d 0.15 * 0.15 * 6 \u003d 0.135 m 3,
- h is the height of the beam;
- b- width;
- l- length.
We find out how many units of lumber are in 1 cube as follows: 1 / 0.135 \u003d 7.41 pieces.
After carrying out all the above calculations, we will get the result of the number of cubes of timber required to build a building.
To calculate the beam needed for finishing internal walls, we use a similar method. let's consider specific example, how to calculate the amount of timber for a bath 5 * 10 meters, 3 meters high.
We will conditionally determine that the size of 150 * 150 mm will be used during construction.
- (5 m - width + 10 m length) × 2 \u003d 30 m - the perimeter of the building.
- 30 perimeter × 3 height = 90 m 2 - wall area.
- 90 area × 0.15 material thickness = 13.5 m 3 - needed to build a box from a 5 × 10 beam 3 m high.
In such a simple way, we calculated the amount of timber for the walls, which is 13.5 m 3. But, you need to take into account that due to the presence of window and door openings, the amount of material used will be less than the calculated one.
Often, craftsmen do not take this moment into account, it is believed that it would be even better to add about 20% in reserve, as a result we will get: 13.5 + 20% = 16.2 m 3 of timber is necessary for a 5 * 10 m building.
Features of the beam, which must be taken into account in the calculation.
When building a house from a bar, the crown is laid first, which should be slightly thicker than the main bar. The first crown is made of a thicker beam, in the future the mass of the whole house will press on it, so it is additionally recommended to treat it with machine oil or an antiseptic.
In the above calculation, this nuance was not taken into account, it must be calculated separately.
Calculation of the beam in units.
After you have calculated the amount of timber in m 3, you can easily find out how much timber will be needed in units (pieces).
Consider a table of common sizes for this 6m long product:
Table of the amount of timber in 1 m 3 for calculating timber per house.
|
Section * bar length |
Volume 1 piece, m 3. |
The amount of timber in 1 m 3, pcs. |
|---|---|---|
In the above example, where we indicated the cubature of the beam for the bath, we will carry out a further calculation of materials in pieces.
In order to calculate the amount of material per house in pieces, we carry out such a calculation, for this the sum of 13.5 m 3 must be divided by the cubic volume of the used timber, in our case it is equal to 0.135 m3 based on the table: 13.5: 0.135 \u003d 100 pieces.
If you correctly calculate the amount of timber in pieces, then when buying a timber, you will be able to control whether the seller ships all the material to you.
The thickness and height of the beam.
The material can have different thickness and height, the following are the main dimensions:
- 100*100 mm.
- 100*150 mm.
- 150*150 mm.
- 150*200 mm.
- 200*200 mm.
If everything is clear with the height, the higher the timber, the fewer interventional seams, the faster the construction work is done, and naturally, the number of pieces of timber for building a house decreases. And here is the width this case more important, especially when building for all-season living.
Attention: Sometimes timber manufacturers indicate the dimensions of the timber, which may differ from the real ones, for example, a timber of 150x150 mm actually has a size of 140x140 mm.
The consequences of buying such a beam will be very deplorable, if a beam of 150x150 mm in size is needed for a height of 3 meters, 20 pieces, then with a size of 140x140 mm - 21 pieces and a half, and this is one and a half crown rows.
If you are planning to live in a house all year round, then it is recommended to use a beam with a thickness of 200 mm. It is also necessary to take care of the insulation of the walls from the timber, the best option there will be foam or mineral wool 10 cm thick.
When constructing a bath, it is advisable to use a material thickness of 150 mm, it is quite enough to maintain the temperature for a short time. Well, if you still decide to build country house for summer holiday, then in this case, the walls of a bar of 100x100 mm will be just right.
| FOUNDATION: | |
| rubble: | |
| 6.8 m³ x 1900 rub/m³ | 12920 rub. |
| concrete M200: | |
| 5.2 m³ x 4200 rub/m³ | 21840 rub. |
| concrete M200: | |
| 22.7 m³ x 4200 rub/m³ | 95340 rub. |
| bar fittings Ø10, 12, 14 AIII: | |
| 1.5 t x 37500 rub/ton | 56250 rub. |
| blocks foundation FBS 24-3-6 : | |
| 36 pcs. x 2360 rub./pc. | 84960 rub. |
| cement-sand mixture: | |
| 1 m³ x 2700 rub/m³ | 2700 rub. |
| coniferous board for formwork: | |
| 1.1 m³ x 6500 rub/m³ | 7150 rub. |
| roofing material RKK-350: | |
| 3 rolls x 315 rubles/roll (10m²) | 945 rub. |
| TOTAL: on the foundation | 282105 rub. |
| COVERS: | |
| wooden bars 150x50; 170x100; 150x100: | |
| 2.6 m³ x 7000 rub/m³ | 18200 rub. |
| plates drywall Knauf(2500x1200x10): | |
| 16 pcs. x 260 rub./pc. | 4160 rub. |
| metal profile with fasteners: | |
| 132.5 l.m x 51 rub./l.m | 6758 rub. |
| mineral wool insulation (Rockwool): | |
| 11.4 m³ x 3700 rub/m³ | 42180 rub. |
| : | |
| 110 m² x 68 rubles/m² | 7480 rub. |
| polyethylene vapor barrier film: | |
| 110 m² x 11 rubles/m² | 1210 rub. |
| plywood sheets FK 1525x1525x18: | |
| 0.8 m³ x 19000 rub/m³ | 15200 rub. |
| subfloor board: | |
| 0.9 m³ x 6500 rub/m³ | 5850 rub. |
| TOTAL: by floors | 101038 rub. |
| ROOF: | |
| pine beams (150x50mm): | |
| 2.4 m³ x 7000 rub/m³ | 16800 rub. |
| wood protection composition: | |
| 35 l x 75 rubles/liter | 2625 rub. |
| waterproofing film (Tyvek Soft): | |
| 107 m² x 68 rubles/m² | 7276 rub. |
| profiled sheets SINS 35–1000: | |
| 102 m² x 347 rubles/m² | 35394 rub. |
| self-tapping screws with washer EPDM 4.8x35: | |
| 4 pack. x 550 rubles / pack (250 pcs.) | 2200 rub. |
| skate profile (2000mm): | |
| 5 pieces. x 563 rub./pc. | 2815 rub. |
| lathing board 100x25mm: | |
| 0.6 m³ x 7000 rub/m³ | 4200 rub. |
10:0,0,0,260;0,290,260,260;290,290,260,0;290,0,0,0|5:171,171,0,260;0,171,111,111;171,290,160,160|1134:220,160|1334:146,39;146,122|2255:0,155|2155:65,0;65,260;206,260|2422:290,50;290,99|1934:211,-20
RUB 747,553.0
Only for the Moscow region!
Calculation of the cost of work
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Layout example 8x7 m for calculation |
Structural scheme |
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1.
Wooden beam 150x150mm; 2. slab mineral insulation d=100mm; 3. plastic siding; 4. ventilation gap d=20-50mm; 7. Floor beams d=150-250mm; 8. Roof made of corrugated board; 9. Foundation from a monolithic concrete slab and prefabricated blocks h = 1.8m; |
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Timber wall with siding panels and interlayer thermal insulation
Timber wall
The high popularity of wooden-log construction among our fellow citizens is predetermined by the traditional character, accessibility and health-improving aura of forest housing construction.
Proven Features wooden dwelling normalize the value of humidity, within the limits of 45-55%, saturate the premises with phanticides, and also have a calming effect on the psyche of people.
It should be noted that since recently there has been undoubtedly a growing interest in molded, in particular, prefabricated glued lumber material, which is characterized, in comparison with the non-glued array, by increased (due to adhesive joints) heat-saving and strength abilities, as well as significantly lower shrinkage. Without a doubt, the minus that slows down the mass use of glued laminated timber is its tangible price, which, nevertheless, is more than justified by its long service life.
In construction warehouses it is possible to see lumber products sizes 140x140, 100x100, 120x120, 150x150, 180x180, 200x150, 150x100, of which the most used is the size of 150x150 mm, since it has an optimal ratio of structural characteristics and low cost, as well as the complexity of installation, expressed by the number of sealed inter-row joints.
The standard scheme for assembling a house from a bar:
- First, on the foundation, covered with a waterproof film, along the contours of the walls, a lower beam row is installed, which is connected by a tie-in into a spike at the corners and at the docking points of the internal partitions.
- In order to join the logs together, dowels are used - round oak or birch dowels with a diameter of 3.0-4.0 cm, which are installed effortlessly into holes made through three rows of beams, every 0.3 ÷ 0.4 m. quite often, dowels are replaced with large nails (25÷30 cm), with the indispensable execution of a groove in the upper log, 30 ... 40 mm deep, where the nail is finished, to compensate for the linear compression of the lumber during shrinkage.
- So that in the process of shrinkage wooden house windows and doors are not deformed, door and light openings are framed on vertical sections with "casing" - racks-profiles. In this case, a U-shaped spike is sawn out at the ends of the rows of timber, along which the said timber profiles move, due to the corresponding recess. Technological gaps are arranged above windows and doors, filled with fiberglass or felt insulation.
- When erecting walls, log rows are laid with a seam seal (flax, hemp, jute, flax-jute, felt, tow), which after 9-12 months (or when the log water content reaches 12-15%) will have to be caulked again to minimize heat loss through inter-beam joints.
- When choosing interior decoration seasonal deformations of timber-log walls should be taken into account and, when installing inelastic cladding (for example, drywall sheets), avoid direct connections with timber wall, by adding suspended buffer frame structures.
siding cladding
If all-season residence is planned, the log-beam cottage should also be overlaid with thermal insulation. As a rule, from the outside, in a vertical position, wooden logs are attached, with a size of 100x50 mm, with an interval of 400-600 mm, between which a heater is laid (for example, type: P-175, Ursa, Izomin, P-125, Knauf, Rockwool, PZh -200, Isover, Izoroq), after that hydro- and windproof film(Izospan, Yutavek, Tyvek), fixed with a counter-lattice, 25 ÷ 50 mm thick, along which a decorative false wall is attached (painted lining, DSP panels or plastic siding).
Due to the fact that the vinyl siding profile changes its linear dimensions quite strongly during vibrations. temperature regime, then you need to use loose fixing of vinyl records.
Today manufacturers plastic siding(for example, brands: Nordside, Varitek, Georgia Pacific, Docke, Vytec, Snowbird, Tecos, Ortho, FineBer, Gentek, Mitten, AltaProfile, Holzplast) offer a rich color palette which makes any home look different from the rest.
It is important to consider that PVC siding can retain its attractive appearance. appearance and serve for a long time, only under the condition of punctual execution of the installation instructions.
PVC siding is resistant to chemical, atmospheric, mechanical factors, does not corrode, does not support combustion.
The PVC profile in case of fire only melts, igniting when heated to at least 390 ° C (moreover, the tree is already at 230-260 ° C), quickly extinguishing when the heating source is removed, and the volume of carcinogenic heating products is not more than during smoldering wooden structures.
Main technological rules PVC siding fasteners:
- When hanging the next siding strip, click it by the locking ledge with the underlying strip and, without pulling, fix it with screws;
- In order to mask the seams, it is better to hang vinyl panels starting from the back wall of the building, moving to the front wall, and each subsequent siding strip will cover the one already installed in the row by about 2.5 ... 3 cm, with the same purpose, the resulting joints, for adjacent rows, need to be shifted horizontally.
- Mounted siding plates should move easily to the right and left, for this, do not tighten the screws in the mounting slots until they stop.
- In places where external communications are carried out (wires, brackets, cables, pipes), as well as at the junction points of a plastic panel and fittings (H-profile, inner corner, outer corner, architraves, etc.), it is necessary to provide cuttings, about a centimeter, to ensure thermal contractions or expansions of PVC siding.
- In order not to interfere with thermal screeds and stretching and, thereby, not to provoke pitting of the PVC material, screw self-tapping screws or nail nails into the siding profile should be in the center of the finished factory holes.
- Vinyl profiles are fastened from the bottom up, according to the instructions, a special starting profile is first installed.
Slab reinforced concrete foundation with prefabricated strip
The slab-side base is arranged around the perimeter external walls buildings in the form of a solid reinforced concrete slab, on which standard concrete blocks are placed.
The type of foundation under consideration is practiced in low-rise buildings to form the basement of a house, on unstable lands, subject to a low level ground water. In waterlogged areas, the side walls of the foundation should be made in the form of a continuous reinforced concrete tape, using waterproof coatings: gluing, coating, impregnation.
Along with this, the prefabricated block system vertical walls foundation, according to the finished reinforced concrete slab, is optimal for fast construction rates, as well as for the manufacture of the "zero" cycle in the cold period.
Standard execution sequence one slab foundation side parts in the form of a prefabricated reinforced concrete tape:
- First of all, the earth is dug to the design depth.
- Crushed stone, 40/60 size, 150-200 mm thick, is poured onto the resulting sub-base, and carefully compacted.
- Sand-cement pouring is carried out, 50 mm thick.
- A waterproof film is spread with an extension along the edges of 180-200 cm, for lateral waterproofing of the sidewalls of the foundation base.
- To protect the moisture-proof layer from possible ruptures during welding of the reinforcing structure, a second layer of cement mortar, 40 mm thick, along the perimeter of which formwork is placed along the height of the foundation slab.
- The formed slab is reinforced with two rows of welded iron rods of diameter Ø14 type AII with a step of 20x20 cm.
- For the slab foundation, only ready-made concrete, grade M300, class B22.5, transported by a concrete mixer, is allowed.
- The duration of concrete hardening (when it is already permissible to install a perimeter of FBS blocks) is at least 4 weeks in warm weather.
- The installation of wall blocks is carried out relative to the center lines, along two mutually perpendicular to the walls, controlling the alignment on the theodolite. Prefabricated blocks are sent by a truck crane to the "bed" of the mortar.
- Installation is more correct to start with laying beacon blocks at the intersections of the axes and in the corners of the building. It is worth proceeding with the arrangement of linear blocks only after controlling the position of the landmark blocks along the horizon and level.
- On the last row of FBS blocks, in plank formwork, a reinforcement-reinforced mortar screed is produced, 250 mm high.
Beam-wood floor
Wooden beam ceilings are traditionally popular in cottage construction, due to the convenience and cost-effectiveness of their manufacture.
Under the logs, wood is traditionally used conifers(for example: spruces, larches, pines), with a moisture content of not more than 14%. It is known that the most durable beam is a bar with an aspect ratio of seven to five (for example, 0.14x0.10 m).
When calculating lumber for flooring, it is necessary to be guided by special tables that take into account the dependence of the beam structure parameters on the span size and loading; or you can start from the simplified rule that the width of the beam should be about 0.042 of the width of the room, and the thickness should be 5 ÷ 10 cm, with a laying step of beam boards of 50 - 100 cm and a load of 150 kgf / m².
With a shortage of a lag of sufficient size, it is permissible to use bolted boards, while leaving the overall size unchanged.
Characteristic moments of the installation of a beam-beam ceiling:
- in wooden log cabins, the edges of the beam beams are hemmed in the shape of a funnel, and then driven into the finished opening upper crown throughout the depth of the wall.
- The lag is set in the following sequence: first, the first and last, and then, with bubble level control, all the remaining ones. Beams should be led onto the wall structure by at least 15-20 cm.
- In order to avoid possible rot damage that can occur during steam diffusion in the masonry niche, the ends of the beam boards are sawn off at an angle of about 60 °, coated with an antiseptic solution (Biosept, KSD, Teknos, Senezh, Pinotex, Cofadex, Tikkurila, Biofa, Aquatex, Holzplast , Tex, Kartocide, Dulux) and cover with roofing material, keeping the end open.
- Beam bars are set aside not less than 5 cm from the wall, and the indent between the bars and smoke channel must be at least 40 cm.
- Usually in brick structures the edges of the beams are located in the openings of the masonry, in which moisture condenses, for this reason, between the end parts of the beams and the masonry, they leave space for ventilation, and with a significant depth of the groove, another layer of thermal insulation is installed.
The interfloor ceiling is not insulated, the basement ceiling is thermally insulated with the installation of a vapor barrier membrane on top of the thermal protection, and the ceiling of the upper level is thermally insulated with a vapor barrier layer underneath the insulation.
Since the task of constructive reliability of wood-beam interlevel ceilings is basically removed by an obvious increase in the cross section of the lag and their number, then with fire resistance and noise insulation everything does not look so clear.
One of the options for improving the soundproofing and fire-retardant parameters of wood-and-beam floors consists of the following items:
- From the bottom of the bearing logs, at an angle of 90 degrees, with the help of spring brackets, after 0.30-0.40 m, metal profiles are fixed - a crate, on which gypsum fiber boards are suspended from below.
- On top of the fabricated lattice structure, a synthetic film is laid and fixed with a stapler to the beams, on which mineral fiber slab insulation is tightly laid out, for example: Isover, Isorok, Knauf, Ursa, Izomin, Rockwool, with a layer of 5 centimeters, with a rise to the vertical surfaces of the floor beams.
- In the premises of the upper level, they are screwed onto the bars with self-tapping screws chipboard sheets(16 ÷ 25 mm), after that, a high-density basalt fiber sound insulator (2.5 ... 3.0 cm), and again, floor preparation plywood slabs are laid.
Profiled roof
The corrugated material is sheets of trapezoidal molded metal, painted with a zinc layer, which are marked with symbols such as B-45, HC44, HC35, MP-35, H57, H44, H60, HC18, C-21, where the numbers indicate the size of the profile section.
The main benefits of a corrugated roof, in comparison with metal tiles, consist in a minimum of expenses and speed of execution.
To decorate the roof, corrugated board with a corrugation amplitude of 2 cm is used to ensure the required strength and economical use of the sheathing material. The working angle to the roof horizon is considered to be at least 1:7.
The roof is installed on load-bearing structure, folded from crate preparation and truss elements.
During the construction of private buildings, a 2.3-span structure with inclined roof trusses and intermediate support walls.
The supporting ends of the rafters are lowered onto the Mauerlat with a section of 10x10-15x15 cm; the interval between the rafters is usually made about 600-900 mm with a section of the rafters 50x150-100x150 mm.
The standard procedure for installing sheets of profiled metal:
- Roof using profiled steel corrugated sheets, like any other roofing base from rolled steel, when arranging a warm attic space, it provides for the use of roofing waterproofing membrane, type: Izospan, Stroizol SD130, Tyvek, Yutavek 115.135, TechnoNIKOL, which covers the inter-rafter heat-insulating material from draining condensate water.
- The waterproof membrane is installed horizontally, from bottom to top, with an inter-tier overlap of 10 ÷ 15 cm and a sag between rafter legs about 20 mm, with further gluing of the seam line with adhesive tape.
- To remove unnecessary inter-tier joints, the long side of the profiled sheet is chosen to be similar to the transverse size of the roof slope, plus 20 ... 30 centimeters, taking into account the overhang.
- The interval between the lathing bars is determined by the slope of the roofing slope and the thickness of the profile relief: if the profile grade is S-8-S-25, and the slope is steeper than 15 °, then the gap between the lathing is 400 mm, and for the nomenclature NS-35÷NS-44 - about 0.7÷1.0 m.
- In order to avoid lifting the corrugated sheets during gusts of wind, their fastening should be carried out from the extremely lower corner of the end section of the roof, opposite to the prevailing direction of the wind flow.
- The corrugated sheets are fixed to the boards of the lathing with galvanized self-tapping screws, 28 ... 40, Ø 4.8 mm long, with sealing washers, into the deflection of the wave, and the ridge corners, on the contrary, into the crest of the wave. On the eaves, fixation takes place on all lower zones of the profile relief, and the consumption of screws is considered to be 6÷8 units. per m2 of profiled material.
- The longitudinal overlap of corrugated sheets should be performed in one wave, but with a roof slope of less than 12 degrees - in two corrugated waves.
All photos from the article
An online calculator for calculating the amount of timber per house can now be found on the website of any major seller of building materials. But if for some reason the calculator is not available - how to calculate the amount of timber per house manually? Obviously, we will have to remember the half-forgotten course of school geometry.
If several sizes of lumber are used during construction, the calculation of the amount of timber per house is performed separately for each of them. Let's say, with a bar of 200 * 200 and internal partitions made of a material with a section of 100 * 100, we separately calculate the volume for the capital enclosing structures and for the partition.
Negligible quantities
As you can see, without using an online calculator, it is not difficult to calculate how much timber you need for a house.
However, it should be understood that with the above calculation scheme, we deliberately neglect some of the subtleties of construction:
- The actual volume of each wall will be somewhat less than the calculated one due to the fact that cuboid, which are walls, partially intersect in space;
- In addition, we completely neglect window and door openings (with the exception of panoramic windows from floor to ceiling).
The reason why we ignore these points is very simple: none of these factors affect the volume of purchases.
As a rule, when designing and building a log house with your own hands, the dimensions of the structure are deliberately made a multiple of the length of the lumber that is supposed to be used.
Additional segments are used in construction extremely rarely, because they:
- Reduce mechanical strength log house, its ability to withstand deforming loads;
- Deteriorate the thermal insulation of the building due to blown seams;
It is worth clarifying: the insulation strongly depends on the method of cutting adjacent segments.
A half-tree horizontal connection is really blown by all the winds, but it is worth deploying it vertically - and in terms of thermal insulation, the connection will be no different from a solid crown.
- They require unjustified time to perform unnecessary connections.
reference Information
Lumber at large volumes is bought and sold by cubic meters. The price is indicated by the seller exactly per unit of volume.
However, in some cases, the buyer needs to purchase a small amount of timber, measured in units. Most typical example- purchase of materials for beams or floor lag: it is much easier to count the number of beams with a known step than their total volume.
In this case, the following table, which is relevant for a measured length of 6 meters, may be useful to him.
Calculation examples
Task 1
We are already familiar with the instructions for performing calculations; it remains only to follow the above algorithm.
- The perimeter of the house is 6*4=24 meters. Square outer wall- 24 * 2.7 = 64.8 m2;
- The horizontal section of the beam in SI units corresponds to 0.15 m;
- The volume of the walls, therefore, is 64.8 * 0.15 = 9.72 m3.
Task 2
Let's complicate the task, still not using a calculator: how to calculate the number of cubes of timber per house measuring 12 * 12 * 3.5 meters, if the outer walls are built from lumber with a section of 250 * 250, and the internal cruciform partition dividing the building into four equal room area - from a bar with a section of 100 * 100 mm?
It is easy to guess that in this case the area of the outer walls and the partition will be the same. Let's calculate this area: 12*4*3.5=168 m2.
Now we translate the thickness of the walls into SI values:
- 250 mm = 0.25 m;
- 100 mm = 0.1 m.
So, we need 168 * 0.25 = 42 cubic meters of material of a larger section for the outer walls and 168 * 0.1 = 16.8 m3 of 100 * 100 timber for the partition.
Tip: in practice, it is better not to increase them to improve their heat-insulating qualities, but to insulate the house from the outside with mineral wool boards.
This will give the owner the best insulation at a much lower cost.
Task 3
- The height of its two floors is 6.5 meters;
- Dimensions - 6 * 12 meters;
- The thickness of the outer walls is 200 mm (beam 200 * 200);
- The thickness of the partitions is 100 mm, the height is 3.1 meters, and their total length on both floors is 92 meters;
- The house has three floors on beams measuring 150 * 100 mm, laid in increments of 1 meter.
Let's break it down comparatively difficult task into several stages.
- We calculate the volume of lumber for the outer walls of the log house. It is equal to (6+6+12+12)*6.5*0.2=46.8 m3;
- We calculate the volume of material for internal partition. 92*3.1*0.1=28.52 m3;
- We count the number of beams. With transverse laying, 13 pieces will go into each floor (the first and last beams are located directly near the walls parallel to them); for all three floors you will need 13 * 3 = 39 pieces;
Building a wooden house requires careful preliminary calculation and preparation of the most detailed budget. Any large construction project is associated with significant costs, and it is important to initially correctly assess the financial possibilities and present all future costs.
An important expense item is the foundation, but the “box” itself will become the most expensive part, so you need to perform a preliminary calculation of the material for a house from a bar. In this case, it is advisable to consult with a professional architect and builders who know the real prices on the materials market.
Which timber to choose for construction
First you need to choose the material for the house from the timber. It differs both in characteristics and in cost:
- Most cheap option – ordinary timber natural humidity. It is the most common, but the least reliable. During the drying process, it can significantly deform, which leads to the formation of cracks and crevices in the walls.
- Dried timber - wood material, passed the preliminary chamber drying. Most of the natural moisture is removed from it, so it will be more reliable, but the cost will also increase significantly.
- Profiled timber is an even more expensive type of material that will allow you to build a completely smooth walls without gaps between the crowns. Special system of spikes and grooves on the top and lower sides will allow you to build a building with the most durable walls.
- Glued laminated timber - the leader in cost. This is not exactly a bar, since it is not made from solid wood, but from several layers of wood glued together. Such material requires long processing, and it will be very expensive.
Thus, the calculation of material for building a house from a bar begins with an analysis of the construction market and the choice suitable material. When this issue is resolved, you can proceed directly to the calculations.
How much material is required to build a log house
The calculation of the material for building a house from a bar can be carried out using a special calculator program that is posted on construction sites. This will speed up the calculation, but the result will still only be an approximation. You can also calculate the material manually using the following parameters:
- Bar section. It depends on the required thermal conductivity: for a house without additional insulation a bar with a section of 200x200 mm is required: this is quite expensive, so future owners often prefer to purchase a thinner and cheap material and then insulate the building with inexpensive materials. Build a building for permanent residence permissible from a bar with a thickness of 150x150 mm or 150x100 mm.
- House dimensions. The standard project is a building made of timber 6x6 meters in size, as it will allow you not to connect the timber to each other.
- The height of each floor. Minimum Height from floor to ceiling is 2.5 m, often it is made larger, so that later you do not limit yourself in the choice of furniture and finishes.
- area of windows and doorways. It is clear that what more area windows, the less material is required. When developing a building project, the dimensions of the openings are indicated in the drawings, these values \u200b\u200bare used for calculations.
An example of calculating materials for a standard house
Great help with counting required amount timber for building a house will provide. But let's try on simple example perform simple calculations.
The calculation of materials for a house from a bar requires making fairly simple calculations that make you remember school geometry lessons.
Preliminary calculation of the material for a log house:
Required to build small house with linear dimensions 6x6x2.5 meters. For construction, you need to purchase an ordinary bar with a section of 200x200 mm. It is planned to make a door with an opening size of 800x2000 mm in the building, in addition, it will have two windows measuring 600x800 mm.
Let's move on to the calculations:
- The perimeter of the house: 6 * 4 = 24 meters. We multiply this value by the height: 24 * 2.5 \u003d 60 square meters. meters - the total area of \u200b\u200bthe walls.
- We calculate the area of windows. We multiply 0.8 * 2 \u003d 1.6 square meters. m. - door area, 0.6 * 0.8 * 2 \u003d 0.96 m. - area of \u200b\u200btwo windows. These values must be subtracted from total area walls: 60 - 1.6 - 0.96 - 57.44 sq. m. - this is the area of \u200b\u200bthe house.
- Since the thickness of the timber is 0.2 meters, the volume of the walls is calculated as follows: 57.44 * 0.2 = 11.488 cubic meters of timber will be required for construction.
Important points when calculating the material
If you need to build a house from a bar, the calculation of materials will always be approximate. It is imperative to add at least 15% to the obtained value, which will be required for trimming, damage, arranging corners, etc.
The timber is required not only for the construction of the box, but also for the installation of rafters, floor logs, ceilings, etc. As a result, in the final calculations, the amount of timber increases by about a fifth.
The exception is the construction of a house from a finished house kit. In this case, together with the architect, it is calculated exact amount materials that will be required for construction, and all details are pre-processing in factory conditions.
A ready-made set of numbered parts arrives at the construction site, from which the building is being erected, like a large constructor. All the details are exactly adjacent to each other, nothing needs to be adjusted and modified. You only have to buy fasteners and heaters, and the work can be completed faster.
The calculation of lumber should take into account not only the purchase of the timber itself. You will need an inch board for the construction of a rough and fifty for a finished floor of a given area, material for construction roofing cake and other expenses.
Each wooden element used in construction must be treated with antiseptics and flame retardants, finished house needs to be painted or otherwise finished. The walls can be sheathed with drywall and additionally insulated.
Specify dimensions in millimetersW- board width
H- board thickness
L- board length
Initial data
N- quantity in pieces
E- quantity in cubic meters
Many, when building a house or a bath, are faced with the need to calculate how much lumber is required for work. Determining how much board or timber you need is simple. But the price of lumber is usually indicated for cubic meter, and in this case it will be more convenient to use a special program for calculations. With the help of our website, knowing the length, width and thickness of the board, as well as their number in pieces, you can calculate how many cubic meters of lumber you will need and how much one cubic meter or one board will cost.
Scope of application
Lumber is so called because it is obtained by sawing the trunk of a tree. Lumber is used for construction, furniture manufacturing, various containers and other products. Today this view building materials is the most popular. The wood from which lumber is made is excellent heat-insulating material, maintains stable humidity and does not require special processing and care, which makes it especially comfortable.Types of lumber
Timber includes timber, edged boards, unedged boards, building slats. The beam is a log processed from all sides. In the cut, it has a square or rectangular section. The timber is most widely used in the construction of houses, baths and floor structures.Edged board is a versatile lumber, which is actively used both in construction works ah outside the building, and in the design of the interior space. Edged board in cross section is an elongated rectangle. Unedged board differs from the edged one in that its edges are not cut off, so that a layer of the bark of the tree from which this board was cut remains visible. A building rail or bar is a bar with a smaller section than a regular one and is widely used in construction.
Lumber is classified according to the type of wood from which it is made. They are made from coniferous trees such as pine, spruce and larch. And out hard rock wood such as oak and beech, birch, aspen.
Lumber is also distinguished by moisture content. They are divided into raw with a moisture level of more than 22 percent and dry with a moisture content below 22 percent. The former are used for construction work, and the latter for the manufacture of furniture.
There are also several varieties of lumber. The choice of grade depends on the application. So, materials are used for furniture premium. For joinery and moldings, grade 1 lumber is suitable, and grade 2 and 3 are used exclusively as a building board. Lumber, if not used for a long time, must be protected from moisture. This can lead to their deterioration. It is not recommended to store lumber stacked on top of each other. There must be spacers between the layers of beams or boards.
