Methods for fastening metal heating pipes. Features of connecting pipes approved by building codes and regulations for use in water heating systems. Methods for connecting flexible pipes

Installation of heating with steel pipes is a rather laborious process, which is accompanied by additional welding work. Steel pipes for heating have been widely used for a long time. They can withstand heavy loads when exposed to pressure and various external factors. In addition to high performance, they are inexpensive, so they are in great demand. To make an installation steel pipes, you must first purchase fittings, special equipment and tools. In order to properly mount the heating system with natural circulation it is required to withstand a slope of 10 mm per 1 meter of pipe. This rule applies to the pipeline and the return water line. The convenience of working with metal pipes lies in the fact that they can be laid out at any angle. The desired shape of the pipe can be given using blowtorch or gas equipment. Before installation, make sure that there are no manufacturing defects and various damages on the pipes. Non-galvanized pipes must be painted with asphalt varnish in advance. To bend pipes at different angles, you will need hydraulic pipe bender. The pipe should be fixed in a vice and heated at the bend. When painting the metal in a bright red color, the pipe can be bent freely. For bending, you can use the usual gas burner. The procedure can be simplified by steel bends and fittings that have the desired shape. For corner pipe connections, cast iron fittings can be used.

To order the installation of heating with steel pipes - call +7 495 205-205-2

Installation of pipe connections is carried out in the following ways:

Gas-electric welding is used for pipes with smooth ends;
The sealing gasket is suitable when screwing to achieve a tight joint;
Bolted fasteners are suitable for flanged connections.

Installation using gas-electric welding can only be performed by a highly qualified specialist, if available necessary equipment. In order to ensure the impermeability of the joint when high temperatures asbestos cord and linen strand should be used. The place of the thread must be smeared with whitewash or minium. After that, you need to wind a linen strand with a thin layer. Next, it must be smeared with graphite and the connecting parts must be tightened tightly. FUM tape can be used for sealing. The thread space must be cleaned of debris and wound tape around it. From above you need to screw fittings or fittings. For pipe connections on flanges, ordinary bolts are used. Gaskets are installed between the flanges. They will act as a sealing material. To install a pipeline with a coolant, you need to use paronite or asbestos cardboard. The asbestos gasket must be lubricated with graphite, which is pre-kneaded in drying oil. Inner part gasket must not reach 3 mm from the edge of the pipe. All bolt heads must be on the same side of the connection. Steel pipes are a common material that is used for heating systems.

Installation of heating with iron pipes

Installation of heating with iron pipes is characterized by a high degree of reliability. They are able to withstand large temperature fluctuations.

Benefits of using the system iron pipes are as follows:

High level of strength;
Rigidity, which allows you to withstand the slopes of the highway.

The disadvantages of iron pipes are as follows:

Expensive;
Complicated and lengthy installation;
Susceptibility to corrosive processes.

Pipe installation should be carried out after studying the wiring system. You need to know exactly the installation locations of the radiator, additional equipment and the boiler. It is necessary to choose pipes with a maximum diameter that must correspond to the diameter of the outlet or nozzle of the boiler. After that, you need to decide on the heating wiring diagram. For iron pipes, a two-pipe scheme is usually chosen. Such a scheme has an average value in terms of material consumption and allows for uniform heating of radiators.

Heating pipes can be connected in the following ways:

Muftov;
Welding;
flanged;
Threaded;
Welding.

The most difficult, and at the same time, the most common method is gas welding. In this case, manual arc welding can be successfully used. Gas welding is ideal for creating a pipe bend and making it required form. The connection of iron heating pipes using welding requires the contractor high level qualifications. This type of work should be entrusted to a specialist.

At self-fulfillment This type of work should follow a number of rules:

Preparation of iron pipes and connecting surfaces should be carried out;
Perform cleaning and degreasing;
The edges must be protected inside and out;
Joints should form an angle equal to 60 degrees;
The weld layer should be thoroughly cleaned from the resulting slag.

A minimum of two layers of welding is used to connect pipes. The number of layers depends on the thickness of the pipes used. The first welding layer must be carefully applied. The edges must be completely melted and the pipe elements must remain in position. It is possible to apply a second layer, only cleansing the first layer of slag.

Threaded connections can be used to connect various devices and during installation of the main line. To perform this connection, many ready-made elements are produced. Threaded connections should be sealed using sealant and tow.

The use of tow is the most reliable option, which has been tested by experience and time. Also, you can use quick-release connectors. They provide easy fixation of all connected elements. Also, threaded connections can be made using flanges and couplings. After installing the pipes, you can fill them with water and check the tightness of the joints. If there are leaks, appropriate measures must be taken to eliminate them. If small leaks are found, they can be repaired with an epoxy mixture.

Metal heating installation

Installation of heating from metal is a justified choice in case of application in conditions of increased internal pressure or large overloads due to temperature differences.

There are pipes of the following types:

standard;
reinforced;
lightweight.

Pipes with a large thickness should be used in systems with maximum load. They will not bend and require the use of a special welding method that a professional can handle. Metal pipes have different shape and color scheme. Black color has rolled steel, cast iron and galvanized iron. Colored pipes are not subject to corrosive processes, but may oxidize over time. Term beneficial use pipes are different. For example, copper piping has the longest service life. However, these pipes are the most expensive. The main selection criteria are listed below:

heating specifics (gravity or forced);
installation method;
system configuration;
pressure;
type of coolant;
length.

The main advantage of metal pipes is high pressure resistance.

Installation of steel heating

Mounting steel heating is classic version for arranging communications. Using such pipes, it is possible to pass a coolant with a temperature of up to 100 degrees. When they freeze during the cold period, heating is allowed using open fire. However, steel pipes have disadvantages, which are expressed in the following:

complex installation of communication;
do not have flexibility;
additional thermal insulation is required;
short service life;
subject to corrosive processes.

Installation of steel pipes can be done in two main ways: welding or twisting with threading. As a rule, installation is carried out by professionals who have special equipment.

Installation of a steel heating pipeline

Installation of a steel heating pipeline can be done in two ways: welding and threaded. Since they are a complex technological process, it is better to entrust such work to the involved specialists. using a threaded twist, you must first cut the threads on the ends of the joints of the products. After that, they can be connected using fittings, spurs and couplings. At threaded connection pads must be used. To do this, you can use a fum tape or a polymer thread. Welding is the most reliable method pipe connections. The job will require welding equipment and knowledge in this area. When welding, the following rules should be observed:

For galvanized pipes, self-protective wire with a diameter of 1 mm should be used;
For non-galvanized pipes, a wire with a diameter of 25 mm should be used. Connections of such pipes must be overlapped;
Welds must be even relative to the surface of the products;
Seams should not have defects and flaws.

The galvanizing process can take place in two ways: hot and diffuse. In hot dip galvanizing, the steel pipe is completely immersed in molten zinc. During this process, the pipes receive electrochemical and anti-corrosion protection. The diffuse method involves the use of powdered zinc. Due to diffusion, the atoms penetrate into the intercrystalline structure of the steel pipe. As a result. A stable and very strong bond is formed.

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Installation of panel heating radiators

Installation of panel heating radiators has its own characteristics. Internal construction metal fins allows you to increase the level of heat transfer. In the manufacture of radiators, steel is used, which allows you to increase convection. How more area edges, the higher the coefficient useful action. Radiators quickly warm up the room, since the coolant promotes rapid circulation of water. Therefore, steel radiators are the most efficient appliances. Before installation, a project and markup should be done. Great importance during installation has a position, since it affects the service life. It is necessary to accurately calculate the distance from the surface of the battery to the wall. It should be in the range of 3 to 5 cm. It is important to provide for the volume of accumulated air in the heating system. Panel radiators Can be attached to walls or mounted on legs. The main task of the wizard is to establish a competent markup. After that, the installation of the radiator is very fast.

Installation of a heating system with steel pipes

Installation of a heating system with steel pipes can be done in the following ways:

welding;
twisting with thread cutting.

On the technological side, the process of installing a heating system is very complex. Therefore, this kind of work should be trusted to the masters.

Before installation, it is necessary to carry out riser devices and lay pipes. When choosing a welding method, self-shielded wire should be used. AT individual cases electrodes up to 3 mm in diameter can be used. If the pipes are not galvanized, then welding can be done with an overlap. The welding process is painstaking work, since the seams should be even without any pores and sagging. During the welding process, pipes that are under pressure may cause difficulties. Therefore, welding must be carried out from the center at the lowest section of the pipe. When using an electrode, you need to position it perpendicular to the welding spot. To make vertical seams, you should change the position of the electrode. The method involving twisting with threading is no less effective. In this case, pipes are connected using elbows, couplings and other elements.

Installation of heating with metal pipes

Installation of heating with metal pipes is a laborious process. The smallest errors can affect the service life and render the product unusable. On the initial stage it is necessary to draw up a competent project and choose the material. It is necessary to determine the location of the elements of the heating system. You need to prepare first necessary tools and materials. Self-assembly heating with metal pipes is a rather painstaking task. Pipes must be connected by welding or a soldering machine. Also, you can use the threaded connection method, but it is less reliable. Since the workflow requires the presence of special equipment and technical knowledge, you should contact a qualified specialist.

Installation of heating pipelines from steel pipes

Installation of heating pipelines from steel pipes can be done in two main ways: welding or twisting with threading. Regardless of the method chosen, all risers should be initially laid and the pipeline should be laid. The welding process places special demands on the quality of the weld. He must have even appearance without bulges and cracks. Holes for pipes are made using milling, punching or drilling. Installation of a pipeline made of steel pipes can be carried out with a fairly modest budget. However, such products may be subject to corrosive processes. It should be borne in mind that the characteristics of materials and assembly rules directly affect the service life of the pipeline. Therefore, you should contact a qualified specialist with experience in this field. With the right skills and the right tools, you can quality installation in short time.

Installation of steel heating radiators

Installation of steel heating radiators requires taking into account certain nuances. Among them, the distance from the floor, walls and window sills and the choice of location are distinguished. Steel radiators have special brackets with which it is hung on the mounts. To make the structure stable, a special floor bracket is used. It acts as a stand on which the battery supports. The number of fasteners depends on the specifics of the design. Steel installation heating panel requires a horizontal position. This allows the coolant to be evenly distributed throughout the system, while not freezing in a certain part. Any deviation from the horizontal position reduces the efficiency of work.

July 25, 2016
Specialization: facade finishing, interior decoration, construction of dachas, garages. The experience of an amateur gardener and horticulturist. He also has experience repairing cars and motorcycles. Hobbies: playing the guitar and much more, for which there is not enough time :)

The issue of connecting pipes without welding is always relevant, since welding machine not every home master has it, and not everyone knows how to use it. At the same time, no pipeline is eternal, so such a need may arise in a country house, in a private house or in an apartment at any time. Below I will share with you some of the secrets of specialists that allow you to make such connections without welding.

metal

First of all, it should be said that all existing pipes can be divided into two types:

metal;
plastic.

As a rule, the most problems arise with the joining of metal pipes, so first we will consider the methods of their connection.

So, there are several options for hermetic docking:

Let's take a closer look at each of these options below.

With threaded socket

Most often, metal pipes without welding can be joined using a threaded connection. In this case, respectively, threading is required. It should be noted that this is not such a complicated procedure as it may seem to many at first glance.

To cut threads, you will need an electric thread cutter or dies for manual threading. Since the price electric tool very high, below I will tell you how to do the job manually:

first of all, you need to clean the surface from the paint, which is to be threaded. If there are influxes of metal on it, for example, remaining after welding, they must be ground off;
then you need to remove the outer chamfer from the end with a file;
then, on the prepared end of the part, you need to put on a lerka (die) and make half a turn. In this case, it is necessary to ensure that the die is put on strictly perpendicular to the axis;
then you need to perform a quarter turn back;
according to this principle, the thread is cut to the required length. In the process of cutting, the cutters must be lubricated with a special liquid or any other lubricant;
then, according to the same scheme, threading is performed on another part of the pipeline to be connected.

For socket mounting on one pipe, the length of the thread must be several times longer than on the other, so that a socket with a nut can be screwed onto it.

After threading, you can make a coupling connection with your own hands, which is done as follows:

a nut is screwed onto a long thread and then a coupling;
a nut is screwed onto the second end of the part;
then the pipes are connected, and the coupling is rolled up with the length of the thread, as a result of which it begins to be wound onto the second part with a short thread. This procedure must be performed until the junction is approximately in the middle of the coupling;
then nuts are screwed on both sides. Before tightening them, a tow should be wound between the couplings and nuts to waterproof the connection.

This connection is reliable and durable. However, it is not always possible to cut threads. If, for example, the pipeline is located close to the wall, this operation is unlikely to succeed.

Connection with Gebo coupling

The Gebo coupling ("gebu" or "gebra") is a special compression fitting. With it, you can connect steel pipes without threading and welding very quickly, and this does not require any special tools.

The scheme of its use is extremely simple:

parts are put on the pipe in the following sequence:

screw;
clamping ring;
clamping ring;
sealing ring;
clutch;

then you need to put on the coupling halfway and tighten the nut;
then the second part is connected to the fitting in the same sequence.

I must say that this fitting exists both in the form of a coupling and in the form of a tee. This allows you to use it in cases where you need to perform a tie-in, for example, into a riser for wiring.

As for reliability, it depends on the quality of the installation. If the work is done correctly, then this installation is reliable and durable.

It is also possible to connect pipes without welding and threading using a repair and assembly clip. This fitting is a coupling or tee, which consists of two parts. Both halves are pulled together with bolts.

It should be noted that repair and assembly clips are intended primarily for temporary repairs, for example, in the event of cracks. However, in emergency situations, they can also be used to join pipes, especially if the pipeline will not work under high pressure.

In this case, the installation instructions are as follows:

first of all, the sections of the pipeline parts on which the fitting will be put on must be cleaned of rust and all kinds of irregularities so that their outer surface is absolutely smooth;

then put on the pipe rubber compressor. The cut of the seal must be lubricated silicone sealant. It should be noted that the seal must completely cover the pipes so that there is no gap left.
further, both halves of the fitting are put on a rubber seal and tightened with bolts, as shown in the diagram.

This method, as we see, is also extremely simple. By the same principle, a clamp-coupling is connected. The only difference is that it is tightened on one side, not two.

I must say that if you use pipe clamps, the connection of pipes without welding is even more reliable than using a mounting and repair coupling.

If you need to connect profile pipes without welding to assemble any structure, you can also use special profile clamps.

Plastic

If you need to collect plastic pipeline, you can use compression fittings, which work on the same principle as the Gebo coupling. Most often, metal-plastic and PVC pipes are connected in this way.

Also, sometimes special glue is used for these purposes. The installation process in this case is extremely simple:

places are smeared with special glue;
then the parts are rotated half a turn;
in this position they should be held until the glue hardens.

I must say that such a connection turns out to be quite strong, since the glue dissolves adjacent surfaces, and, in fact, welds them.

For the assembly of metal-plastic pipelines, they are also used compression fittings. However, this requires a special tool that allows you to compress them.

For temporary repairs, the clamps described above can also be used.

Here, perhaps, are all the most effective ways pipe connections without welding, which I wanted to acquaint you with.

Conclusion

As we found out, in addition to welding, there are a number of other ways in which you can repair or even install a pipeline. Moreover, some of them allow you to get no less reliable and durable connection. The only thing, in any case, the work must be done very carefully, in accordance with the above recommendations, so that the pipeline is sealed.

For more information, see the video in this article. If you have any difficulties in the process of connecting pipes, ask questions in the comments, and I will definitely try to help you.

July 25, 2016

If you want to express gratitude, add a clarification or objection, ask the author something - add a comment or say thanks!

During a major or current repair the question often arises - how to connect a plastic pipe with a metal one, which is associated with the need to replace worn-out sections of communications of various lengths. A similar problem may also appear during the construction of a private household - when connected to centralized engineering systems. Proper docking of pipes made of different materials is not inferior in reliability to connections of identical pipes, so it is important to find out in advance how to connect dissimilar sections.

Before you connect a plastic pipe to an iron one, you need to know that both metal and plastic pipes can be made of different materials. Differences in their specifications ah should be taken into account when connecting.

Metal pipes are made from:

copper,
cast iron
become.

Plastic - from:

polyethylene,
polypropylene,
metal-plastic.

Cases of connecting dissimilar pipes

In part, the cases when it is necessary to connect plastic pipes with metal ones are described above. In most cases, metal are installed certain time back system. Currently, plastic is chosen not only because of its reasonable price and good technical characteristics, but also because large selection sizes of pipes and fittings, making it easy to find components of any configuration for replacement.

Sometimes pipes made of various materials (metal and plastic) are used when installing the system from scratch. For example, when laying an outdoor section of water supply or sewerage of a private house, sometimes it is necessary to lay pipelines under a car entrance or parking lot. The dynamic load on the soil surface during the movement of vehicles will be transferred to communications located in the ground. It is recommended to install metal pipes in these areas, however, the use of metal for the installation of the entire system is not economically feasible and less practical.

Methods for connecting metal pipes with plastic

There are two ways to connect plastic pipes with metal pipes that are used for steel pipelines.

Threaded connection used in cases where the diameter of the connected pipes does not exceed 40 mm.
Flange connections optimal for large diameter, since it is difficult to tighten the thread in such cases.

Features of threaded connections

In order to understand how to connect a plastic pipe to a metal pipe using a thread, you should study the fittings used for this purpose. They are adapters, on the one hand, on which there is a thread for connecting a metal pipeline and a smooth sleeve for soldering plastic pipes on the other. There are also models for connecting more dissimilar lines, as well as fittings for making turns and bends.

The threaded connection of steel and plastic (polypropylene) pipes is carried out in a certain sequence.

The junction is being prepared from the side of the existing metal communications. If there was already a threaded connection in this place, it is untwisted. If the pipes were welded or the place of installation of the plastic insert is the middle of the whole steel pipe, the latter is cut, after which lubricant is applied to the edge and thread is made using a thread cutter.
The end of the threaded steel pipe is cleaned and a sealing material is applied to it: tow or fum-tape with silicone grease. In order to eliminate the possibility of leaks, it is important to properly seal - lay no more than 1-2 turns of winding with the direction along the thread.
The threaded edge of the fitting connects to the metal thread. At the same time, one should not only not apply special tools but also do not over-tighten the connection by hand. Excessive force may cause the fittings to crack. It will not be difficult to additionally tighten the thread if, after installation, a leak is detected during a test filling of the system.
After completion of work with the threaded part of the connection, a plastic pipe is fixed on the smooth coupling of the fitting by welding.

Fitting for polyethylene pipes(HDPE) at one end has a thread for connecting to metal, and at the other end there is a compression retainer for the HDPE pipe - unlike polypropylene pipes, welding is not required here

Making flange connections

The connection of a plastic pipe with a metal pipe without a thread is carried out using flanges. Its advantage is the ease of dismantling for repair or cleaning of communications.

The connecting elements for detachable connections of dissimilar pipelines are flanges of various types.

Light structures with a diameter not exceeding 300 mm, as well as medium and heavy pipes up to 150 mm, are connected using free flanges, with a straight shoulder for support. Such modifications are the most common when installing communications in private households and high-rise apartments.
For pipes of any type with a diameter of up to 200 mm, loose flanges with a conical shoulder can be used.
A shaped flange and a steel ledge using a wedge type connection is a universal option.
Maximum strength can be achieved with a straight collar with a tapered transition.

As a preparatory work before mounting the flange connection, it is important to carefully inspect the prepared flanges. On them there should be no burrs which, when installed, may damage the plastic part of the connection. In most cases, these burrs are relatively easy to remove.

The order of assembly of the assembly with flange connection is as follows:

The steel pipe is cut off at the intended tie-in. At the same time, it is important to make the cut line evenly and accurately.
The flange is put on the pipe.
For the tightness of the connection, a rubber gasket is installed, the size of which must be such that it does not extend beyond the cut line by more than 10 mm.
The main elements of the assembly are connected - the flange put on the pipe is combined with the gasket and fastened to the second flange with bolts.

Tightening should be done by turning the threads of the fastener evenly around the entire circumference and avoiding excessive force.

If you are wondering what is better to make country water supply, then we recommend that you read our article. Types and tips for installation.

For the installation of HDPE pipes, it is easiest to use fittings. We have another article about it.

If you need to choose press tongs for the installation of pipes made of metal-plastic, then useful information.

Features of the connection of sewer pipes

When installing a sewer, a connection is often required cast iron pipe with plastic, which is structurally different from the joints of steel and plastic pipes. For such connections, special components are required:

cuffs,
corrugations,
seals.

In most cases, picking up and purchasing components is not difficult. At the same time, and in those rare cases when it is not possible to find a suitable sealant, the problem can be solved with the help of improvised materials. sealant required size can be cut from microporous rubber, such as from an old car mat. A long narrow tape is placed in the gap between the connected elements and sealed with a blunt wide screwdriver. Sealing is done without excessive force, so as not to damage the plastic. If a leak is detected during the test filling of the system, additional sealing of the connection can be made.

Sealing the connection by embossing or cement mortar not acceptable.

When chasing, the plastic plastic pipe is deformed, the joint will not be tight, and there is a high probability of leakage.
Cement mortar will not last long. Due to the large difference between the coefficients of thermal expansion of materials, the seam at each drain hot water will loosen. In the near future, the cemented joint of the plastic and cast iron sections of the pipeline will crack and cease to be airtight.

The connection of plastic pipes with copper is extremely rare, however, special fittings for such connections can also be found on sale. They have two smooth sleeves - one for soldering copper pipeline, the other - for connection with a plastic pipe.

Which pipe connection will be the most reliable and optimal - a press fitting, threaded or plug-in? Many developers think about this issue during installation. heating system at home.

Soldering is just one of the types of pipe connection of metal pipes. However, modern plumbing technologies also offer a wide range of pipe installation methods, united by the concept of "cold connection". We are talking about pressed, threaded and plug-in connections using various connecting elements (fittings). The advantage of these technologies over soldering is that they fully meet the requirements fire safety and speed up the installation of pipelines.

In this case, the plumber is faced with the choice of not only connecting systems, but also pipes made of one or another material - stainless steel, copper, plastic.

Fast and reliable: pipe connection copper pipes with press fittings

Among pipes, copper pipes are now widely used, which can be connected different ways. Along with soldering, the connections on the press fittings also proved to be reliable. In this case, the deburred and calibrated pipe ends are inserted into the so-called press fitting and crimped using special pliers or a press gun.

A solder joint fitting is a simple copper sleeve into which the pipe is inserted and sealed.
In contrast to the fitting for solder joints, the press fitting has a more complex design and is equipped with two sealing rings that ensure the tightness of the pipe connection after the pipes are compressed. It costs, of course, more expensive, but the difference in price is offset by a gain in labor costs.

Compared to a brazed connection, press fittings have a higher tensile strength, which, when laying pipelines over a longer distance, for example, under a basement ceiling, makes it possible to manage with a smaller number of fixing anchors.

Combined fittings for connecting plastic pipes (Unicor)

Simpler than soldered and even press fitting connections are push-in pipe connections made on special fittings for copper pipes. And in this case, before being inserted into the fitting, the pipes are deburred and calibrated. An experienced plumber can complete a push-in connection in a matter of seconds. It will take a specialist about two minutes to make a connection on a press fitting, and more than three minutes, or even more, to make a soldered one (depending on the diameter of the pipes).

A rapex multi press fitting (Velta) that connects the flexible plastic pipes of the heating system. Using pliers, crimp the sleeve on the pipe.

However, between push-in and press fitting, the specialist in consultation with the builder usually prefers the latter. Plug-in connections take less time to complete. However, fittings for them are more expensive than fittings for soldered and pressed joints, moreover, they are not suitable for laying pipes of a larger diameter.

JRG Sanipex MT system: put a union nut on the pipe, flare the end of the pipe until a socket is formed, put the pipe on the fitting and screw on the union nut.

Through the "viewing window" you can check the fit of the pipe in the fitting. Here - a connecting element made of high-grade steel for a heating battery

Connection of copper pipes: mark the depth of fit into the fitting at the ends of the pipes ...

... deburr the ends of the pipes, insert the pipes into the fitting (by IBP) until they touch each other. Pipe connection completed.

Pipe connection by multiple crimping (indicated blue color). The tensile strength of such a joint is much higher than that of solder joints.

Special feature of connection with Viega press fitting: if the fitting is forgotten to be pressed, it will be detected immediately.

Plug-in and pressed plastic pipe connections

The question "insert or press in?" occurs when laying pipes not only from metal, but also (even more often) from plastic. So far here, at least with the introduction flexible pipes, pressed, threaded, clamped or (since relatively recently) plug-in connections were used.

Flexible plastic pipes unwound from a roll are straightened using a pipe straightener, preparing them for use in the pipeline of the heating system.

Straightened pipes are connected in a plug-in way. A slightly audible click indicates that the connection has been made correctly (Friatec).

The advantage of all flexible pipes is that they can be laid directly from the coil, so ideally between heating battery and the switchgear only need to make two connections.

Additional fittings on bends, for example, in the corners of the room, are not needed here. Simultaneously with the accelerated laying of such pipes, the risk of making loose pipe connections is also reduced. The disadvantage of flexible pipes is that they are not suitable for use as risers. To do this, most manufacturers offer pipe systems, usually made of copper, extruded plastic or steel.

Press connection of stainless steel pipes with high corrosion resistance. Such connections are relatively fast (Mapress).

Combined metal-plastic flexible pipes (PE or RV) are also widely used. Of all plastic pipes, the most popular are PE-X pipes (made of very dense polyethylene, which is highly resistant to chemicals, shock loads, pressure, high and low temperatures). And these pipes have protective layer(usually made of aluminum), providing a barrier to oxygen, which is especially important when using pipes in heating systems.

Both PE (or PB) pipes and PE-X pipes are identical in operation. Both can be combined different ways. When connecting by crimping, the pipe is put on the fitting, and on the pipe - a metal sleeve, which is crimped with the help of press tongs. Such a pipe connection is one-piece.

The principle of a clamp connection is known to many from working with a watering hose and is as follows. A union nut is put on the pipe, the fitting itself has a cone, which, when screwing on the union nut, presses on the pipe. This connection is detachable.

PE-X combination pipes (Roth) with Laserpex aluminum core. Pipes with a diameter of 40 and 50 mm for risers can be connected by crimping using PPSU tin-zinc bronze fittings.

A screw connection is similar to a clamp connection. And in this case, the union nut is put on the pipe, but then the end of the pipe is flared (so that the nut cannot slip). After that, it remains only to connect the pipe with the fitting on the thread.
AT last years for splicing plastic pipes, the so-called plug-in connections, where the pipe is inserted into the fitting, have become widely used. The connection is made in the following sequence: the pipe is cut to length, deburred, calibrated and put on the fitting. No special tool is required here.

To master all the listed methods of connecting pipes home master unlikely to work. And above all, because many novelties in this area are not available to him. The fact is that an expensive pipe special tool is not so easy to acquire, and it will be used inefficiently.

Menu:

All pipelines are mounted according to the projects of pipeline systems. Carrying out, for gas and water supply (cold and hot water), it is necessary to connect fittings and risers to each other.

The quality of functioning of the gas pipeline, water supply, heating system, which is designed to use steam under pressure or hot water with temperatures up to 95 - 100 ° C, depends on the reliability of the articulation of the elements of the line.

Optimal temperature Range according to GOST heating systems - up to + 60⁰С, depends on operational, climatic, and other factors.

Steel pipes: types of joints

may be inseparable and collapsible types, depending on the:

materials from which the risers are made. In addition to metal pipes, glass, polymer,;
properties of transported media;
operating conditions.

Most often used:

coupling (threaded, welded, bayonet, sleeve);
flanged;
threaded.

Separating joints. Let's take a look at the last option.

About the threaded connection of steel risers

The threaded method of articulation is characteristic. For threading use a lathe or die. On thin-walled risers, a cylindrical rolling thread is applied.

If the installation rules are observed when laying steel pipes, then twisting in this way will ensure the high-quality functioning of the pipeline for many years.

Screwing with the help of a thread can be carried out both by direct articulation of pipes with each other, and with the use of tees, valves, additional devices.

Connection methods

Threaded and threadless connections can be collapsible and non-separable type. Many are sure that any threaded design can be disassembled.

If at one end the risers are welded to a fixed surface, then such a pipe device cannot be separated. This option is typical example permanent threaded connection.

But such cases are rare. The main number of twists with the help of a thread is a detachable type.

The risers are interconnected using:

surges;
bidirectional thread.

Spurs are used for twisting pipes that are stationary relative to their own axes.

Required condition: one riser should have a long thread cut, and the second - a short one.

To connect in this way, first screw the lock nut with the sleeve onto a long thread. After that, you need to drive the coupling to the pipe section with a short thread, and then tighten it with a lock nut.

The technique for using bidirectional threads is that for joining pipes. You need to wind it on both risers at the same time.

Important! When using a bidirectional thread, on the pipes to be connected it must be applied in different directions. Only in this case, the coupling will tighten the pipes, and the twisting will be of high quality, reliable, durable.

How and how to seal pipe joints

Types of seals, sealing methods

To prevent leakage of the working medium of the pipeline, it is necessary to seal the pipe twists with high quality.

When threading steel pipes, the following are used as seals:

gasket. This method of sealing a threaded joint requires relatively thick pipe end cuts. The presence of even pipe ends can never provide tightness. When using a rubber or plastic gasket, this problem is successfully solved. This option is ideal in case of articulation with a swivel nut;
winding. Linen strands, polymer threads, FUM tapes in combination with hardening sealants, paints, pastes can serve as materials.

When installing plastic risers, a sealing method is used based on the deformation properties of the material. The essence of this method is that a plastic pipe with an external thread is screwed into a riser with internal thread. Plastic during deformation contributes to the excellent filling of the intermediate space, eliminating the appearance of gaps.

When it comes to pipeline structures with high pressure, cylindrical threaded pipe connections are not entirely appropriate here. In such cases, a conical type connection is used. The principle of connection is that when screwing in, a tight pressing of the pipes is observed until such a measure until the gap completely disappears.

Sealing materials

To make the joint impermeable, the following are used as sealants:

flax (tow);
asbestos;
FUM tape;
natural drying oil;
white;
minium;
graphite lubricant, etc.

A reliable seal when twisting steel pipes on a thread is a linen strand impregnated with red lead or whitewash. This connection is easy to install, reliable in terms of sealing. The sealant has been used for a very long time, does not lose its popularity even today, despite the appearance of artificial analogues.

For those who have little experience in the installation of fittings and pipes, we suggest that in no case use flax without paint. At first, the joint will not let moisture through. But a few months will pass, the flax fibers will get wet and begin to decompose. Therefore, the quality of all connections will deteriorate, and after another month or two, water will seep at the junction.

Important! The fibers must be thoroughly soaked with red lead or whitewash so that not a single dry strand remains.

When operating pipelines with a temperature of the working medium above the boiling point of water, the best option for a sealant is an asbestos thread together with linen strands. To do this, they are impregnated with a mixture of graphite with natural drying oil.

Important! It is necessary to coat the joint with strands first with red lead, and after that with whitewash, and not vice versa.

Before use, the strands are untwisted so that the fibers can be well separated.

Important! It is necessary to wind the strands “behind the thread”, and then impregnate with paint. If you lay the tow against the cutting progress, then when screwing on the coupling, it will all come out to the sides and you will have to start all over again.

Important! To avoid clogging the risers, you need to ensure that the tow does not hang from the end or fall inside the riser.

Many people use FUM tape, which is in no way inferior to the old traditional materials - tow with paint.

Sometimes there is no tightness at the junction of the risers. To eliminate this defect, it is necessary to replace the sealing material, and clean the threaded section from dirt and sealant residues. After that, wind the linen thread, FUM tape or other sealant again, assemble the structure.

As additional sealants, sealants of chemical origin, which will help strengthen this section of the pipeline.

Threaded pipe connections: pros and cons

The threaded option has its advantages and disadvantages.

FROM positive side threaded connections are different:

versatility, which consists in the fact that they can be used to twist risers of various diameters;
ease of installation, since you do not need to be a professional or have any special knowledge to carry out the articulation procedure. It is enough to have basic skills in handling a wrench or pipe wrench, other simple skills in this industry;
lack of sets of special tools or devices;
ease of dismantling the entire pipe structure (if necessary);
tightness, which is ensured by the presence of sealing materials, compliance with the elementary rules for laying pipelines.

Flaws:

if there are no threads on the parts, it must be applied, which can cause additional difficulties, since not everyone has the skills to cut it and not everyone has sets of special tools;
when the joints often have to be mounted and dismantled, rapid wear of the threaded section of the line part is possible;
there are cases that it is necessary to apply a locking of the threaded part, since a gradual self-unscrewing of the fitting is possible.

Considering all the pros and cons in some situations the best option is the use of a threaded connection of steel pipes, and in others - other types of articulation of elements of the pipeline structure. This means that there is no perfect way connections of steel risers: all methods are good if they provide reliability, tightness of the pipeline.

Important! When choosing a method for joining pipe structures, consider what material the pipes are made from, the place possible connection parts, operating conditions of the pipeline, what properties should the docking of the elements of the pipeline system have.

Important! only a threaded connection, since the galvanizing will be broken during welding, after which the riser will be easily corroded.

General thread requirements

Connections are used at the joints of steel heating pipes, water pipes, gas risers, where welding can be dispensed with. On ordinary risers, the thread is cut, and on thin-walled products it is applied by rolling.

Main requirements:

correctly, a well-cut thread must be clean;
the thread is considered defective if it is broken or incomplete;
the length of the thread should not be more than one tenth of the length of the part;
such dimensions that when the ends of the pipes are completely screwed in, a gap of up to 0.5 cm remains between them (this is the so-called short threaded connection);
when twisting "one cylinder to another cylinder" they use spurs. Squeeze is a piece of pipe with a thread at both ends with a coupling and a lock nut screwed onto them.

Important! A high-quality drive should have a long thread (22-27 threads) at one end, and a short one (5-7 threads) at the other.

The advantage and versatility of this part is that it is used if the risers are fixed and cannot rotate.

Ductile iron and fittings made from it

The most common ductile iron parts for joining steel pipes, other pipeline parts are:
A) straight couplings B) transition couplings C) connecting nuts D) fittings E) lock nuts E) plugs.

For absolute sealing of the system with a threaded connection, it is necessary to use seals, such as gaskets. In addition to them, with other types of fastening, additional details. If it is necessary to use the articulation of the elements of the line using flanges, that is, without a coupling, then in addition to the gaskets, bolts are also needed.

When connecting risers at an angle, ductile iron fittings are used: straight and transitional elbows, tees, crosses.

Important! The connection will be of high quality and function flawlessly for a long time if, when mounting parts, parts with even ends are used, which will be placed at right angles to the connecting parts.

Attention should be paid to the threads on the parts, which should be free of burrs and clean.

The cast iron coupling has a low collar around the entire perimeter of the butt circumference, which serves to increase the strength of the part, in contrast to the steel counterpart, which does not have such an element.

The quality of connections depends not so much on the methods of sealing, materials, but on the master and the quality of his work. If he is responsible, accurate, has elementary plumbing knowledge, skills in working with a wrench or pipe wrench, then you cannot find a better specialist. Subject to the elementary rules for the installation of pipeline systems, the pipeline will function for many years. This can be confirmed by anyone who has at least once been involved in the installation of a pipeline system, even the shortest and simplest.

Try it yourself, experiment and see that you are the most the best specialist for the installation of pipeline systems using a threaded method of connecting pipeline elements.