Once seeing a professional building hair dryer in work, and having appreciated its capabilities, you also come to have such a thing at home. So gently remove the old paint, no harm to the decorative wood and thin metal parts, as it is done with a building dryer, you will never succeed with blowtorch or gas burner.
When working with open fire, it is unrealistic to ensure the same safety of decorative elements and the safety of work.
A building hair dryer (aka a hot air gun and a heat gun) is not at all like a household appliance for styling and drying hair, which every woman needs. The blown air temperature of the hot air gun reaches 650 °C. And there are even more powerful professional models that raise the air temperature up to 800 ° C. Also, for hair dryers not intended for drying hair, the blowing speed has been increased to 650 liters per minute. The power of factory assembled hot air guns ranges from 500 to 2500 watts.
Increasing demand for hot air guns is fueling price increases, especially for budget models. But you can assemble a building hair dryer yourself.
Why do you need a building hair dryer?
- Peeling off old paint.
- Removing stickers.
- Dismantling of linoleum, vinyl coverings, tiles.
- Softening and melting of wax, resins, bitumen, solder. Forming candles from wax and paraffin.
- Dismantling and installation of microcircuits and transistors.
- Crimping heat shrink insulation.
- Waxing furniture, skis, surfboards.
- Bending and shaping wooden parts. Drying glue after repairing surfboards, skis.
- Drying paint, varnish, plaster, plaster, wood.
- Soldering of thin-walled copper pipes.
- Antiseptic treatment of wood. Cleaning and disinfection of cages for birds and animals.
- Loosening rusted or heavily tightened metal bolts, nuts, screws.
- Hot fit bearings, bushings.
- Defrosting frozen car locks, water pipes and taps, refrigerator freezers.
- Compound plastic pipes and garden hoses, repair of car bumpers and other products made of plastics with a low melting point (polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene).
- Bending and molding of high melting point plastics (Plexiglas).
- Kindling coals in the grill.
The power part of a powerful hair dryer
The design of all thermal hair dryers is the same:
- heat-resistant housing of the heating element;
- heating element;
- fan;
- switching and switching circuit.
First what you need to do is find a piece of ceramic tube or mica plates to secure the heating element.
Second- wind the heating element. In the hot air gun circuit, there can be up to four separate spirals, with the help of which the temperature regime is selected when the control toggle switch is switched. Each heating element in this case has a different resistance. Most often, two spirals with a resistance of 97 and 260 ohms are enough to select the temperature.
Hair dryer spirals are best wound from soft nichrome, which is easier to find. Fechral is a rarer material on sale, besides, the wire from it is more rigid.
Now, all that remains is:
- Find a wire made of a material with high resistivity.
- Measure the resistance of the wire at one meter.
- Measure the length at which the resistance of the piece will be 97 ohms.
- Twist the cut piece of wire in a spiral along the hairpin.
Adjust the fan to blow hot air. In the circuits of factory-assembled building hair dryers, a commutator motor with brushes is always installed, which can operate on both AC and DC.
To assemble a hair dryer at home, it is easier to use a fan from a computer. But the electric motor computer cooler can only work on direct voltage, so a rectifier diode bridge is required to connect it.
All factory-assembled hot air guns are assembled according to a scheme that allows you to change the blowing speed and heating temperature.
blowing speed decreases when switching the electric motor toggle switch to power through a spiral with a large resistance, on which the voltage drop is higher.
Heating temperature also decreases when a heating element with a higher resistance is connected, which consumes less current.
Judging by the circuit diagram of the building hair dryer, the fan motor is by no means connected directly to a 220 V network, and taking into account the voltage drop on the heating elements, it operates on a voltage of 9–15 V.
For the rectifier bridge VD2-VD5, you can use separate diodes 1N4007 or finished assembly KTS109A.
As a valve VD1, you must use a high-voltage diode, for example 6A10.
Ceramic capacitors of constant capacity C1 - 3.3 μF, 50 V and C2 - 0.47 μF, 400 V are necessary to reduce the surge current during start-up and connection to the network.
As you can see, it’s not difficult to assemble a building hair dryer yourself.
Scheme for connecting an analog CCTV camera to a TV, computer Connecting a digital video surveillance camera Scheme of a homemade water leakage sensor DIY foam cutter
Any hair dryer consists of a motor, a fan, heating elements and an electrical circuit that makes these elements work in harmony.
Depending on the number of modes and the manufacturer, the element base, appearance, composition of the switches may be different. But nothing more complicated than a thyristor will be inside. Therefore, it is quite feasible to repair hair dryers with your own hands.
Briefly about the design
The body is held on with screws. Their heads can be - and often are - custom-designed. This is a plus sign, an asterisk, a pitchfork.
Therefore, first of all, before repairing a hair dryer, you should take care of a tool that can cope with such a task.
Sometimes the body doors are additionally attached to each other with special latches.
This is a separate issue: experienced craftsmen often break plastic, having despaired of coping with it with civilized methods.
There are no special tricks, but there are hidden screws hidden under stickers, plastic inserts, removable regulator caps. (See also: Do-it-yourself hair clipper repair)
The hair dryer motor runs on a direct current of 12, 24 or 36 V. A diode bridge is often used to rectify the mains voltage, or - in cheap models - a single diode.
Power harmonic filtering is carried out by a capacitor connected in parallel with the motor windings or as part of a more complex filter. Due to the large mass, inductors are rarely used in hair dryers.
Therefore, knowledge of the principles of smoothing ripples by RC chains is quite enough to cope with the construction of a circuit diagram of a repaired hair dryer.
Sometimes one of the spirals (inductance) is used as a filter element. The switch of the hair dryer, as a rule, simultaneously closes the circuit through which the spirals will be fed, and starts the motor.
Further repair scheme depends on the complexity:
- only the speed of rotation or only the temperature are regulated;
- it is possible to separately select the heating and the intensity of the air flow.
In most models of hair dryers, there is protection against turning on the heaters when the motor is inactive.
It remains to add to this an optionally available thermostat in the form of a special resistance or other sensitive element, and you can start talking about what breakdowns occur in these faithful helpers of the beautiful half of humanity.
Typical order of inspection
If the device does not show signs of life or is unstable, the inspection begins with the power circuit. The repair of Rowenta hair dryers is schematically described below.
Attention! All described types of work require skills in handling electrical appliances.
We accept no liability for personal injury or property damage resulting from attempting to follow these hair dryer repair recommendations. (See also: DIY radio repair)
Cord
Inspection of the power wire begins with the outlet. It is there that part of the malfunctions lies: there is no voltage - the hair dryer does not work. If there is voltage in the outlet, inspection of the cord begins at the point where it enters the housing and follows towards the plug.
All work is performed on a de-energized device.
A visual search for kinks and any irregular formations - burns, insulation damage, kinks is carried out. Then the body of the hair dryer is disassembled.
There are multiple options inside. electrical resistance wires:
- Pair of connectors.
- Soldering.
- The wiring is sealed in plastic caps.
Permanent connection
The last element of the list characterizes a non-separable connection, therefore, this case is the most difficult to test.
Skillful hands, or rather, smart heads, Ukrainian brothers in mind are advised to use an ordinary needle to repair a hair dryer.
For those who immediately caught the train of thought, you can skip the next paragraph and proceed directly to testing.
Do-it-yourself hair dryer repair begins with a wire call. Any tester, light bulb or indicator will do.
The bottom line is that a needle is attached to one of the terminals, which is then stuck into the power core in the cap area through the insulation to the copper itself. The second terminal feels the legs of the fork.
The bell must be present for both conductors. It is not worth doing more than one puncture per core when repairing a hair dryer (some will also try to look for a breakage point), since the nature of the operation involves moisture from wet hair.
contact pad
Even a child will be able to ring the wire, having clearly distinguishable docking points in front of his eyes. If damage is found, it is recommended to buy a whole new cord with a non-separable plug.
The possibility of moisture ingress imposes certain restrictions on the insulation of conductive parts used to repair a hair dryer.
There are cases when, at first glance, you can see the place of damage in the area where the cord enters the case. Sagging, soot, black insulation - all this indicates a malfunction.
At the junction with the body of the hair dryer, the most vulnerable point of the wiring was sheltered.
The hostess often takes a delicate device by the cord, winds it from side to side, winds the cable onto the handle. A core with a crack sparks, the insulation heats up and burns out, copper melts. This is the mechanism of damage to copper wires.
Breaker and switch
When repairing, it is useful to short-circuit the switch and see if the hair dryer changes its behavior in response to this step.
There are three-position switches, each position in the short-circuited state is checked separately.
You should remember or sketch the original wire layout before starting to repair the hair dryer.
Checking the speed and temperature switches follows the same pattern.
A defective element identified during the repair of the hair dryer must be inspected.
The existing soot is cleaned off with a needle file, sandpaper, and an eraser. Contacts are wiped with alcohol.
Faulty components are replaced with analogues. A radical method is to short-circuit the power button while searching for suitable components.
Fan
Relatively often, the air duct is clogged with a hair dryer.
It is only necessary to remove the filter, if any, and clean it thoroughly.
Use a small brush to remove any dust from the cracks.
Lack of rotation of the blades or low RPM is often observed when the hair is wound around the motor shaft.
The propeller must be carefully removed from the shaft, while avoiding unnecessary efforts and distortions in every possible way. After that, foreign objects are removed.
Spirals
A hair dryer usually has several heating elements. Visually, they should all look the same. You need to make sure of this when repairing the hair dryer by opening the case. Existing gaps are eliminated by twisting the ends, soldering and tinning.
You can also get thin copper tubes and compress the ends of the broken spiral inward.
All defects in the heating elements during repair can be observed visually. A careful inspection will tell you how to fix the hair dryer. In some cases, it is effective to replace the spirals with similar purchased or home-made products made of nichrome wire.
Engine
The electric motor of the hair dryer most often runs on direct current. If the diode bridge is burned out, or the windings are damaged, normal operation is disrupted.
Terrible crackling and sparks when turned on indicate a motor malfunction.
The motor windings are soldered when repairing a hair dryer from electrical circuit. Each wire must have a pair that rings.
The pins can be connected in triplets, but none of them should just hang in the air. Replacing the winding during the repair of the hair dryer is carried out only in the repair shop.
However, folk craftsmen wind no worse than machine tools. Those who wish can always try.
If the windings are in good condition, the brushes are inspected, the copper surface under them is cleaned, and the tightness of the fit is assessed.
The axle must turn freely. When repairing a hair dryer, it does not hurt to lubricate the rubbing surfaces, manually run in problem areas.
Chip
The getinax substrate sometimes cracks, breaking the track. The damaged area must be tinned and sparsely covered with solder.
Damaged capacitors swell a little.
Usually their upper face contains shallow cuts, and when the product breaks, it literally swells, arching outward.
Such a capacitor must be replaced first of all if a characteristic defect is detected.
Burnt resistors darken. Some still remain operational, but it is desirable to replace such a radio element.
Thermostat
Some hair dryers have a self-regulator. Typically, the effect is achieved by using a resistive divider, one of the arms of which is an element that responds to temperature.
Further actions depend on the implementation scheme of parameter control.
- exclude the sensor altogether by breaking the circuit, try the reaction of the device;
- short-circuit the wires after this, turn it on, see what happens.
There is a chance of failure if the device is trained to respond only to a certain resistance value. It remains to look for a circuit diagram on the Internet or draw it yourself.
Repair of professional hair dryers is more difficult. The main design elements are often complemented by smooth controls and additional options like the care button.
Spirals are made from special alloys that create negative ions when heated, which have a beneficial effect on the hair.
Other than that, the technique remains the same:
- cord;
- switches and buttons;
- dust removal;
- spirals;
- motor;
- visual inspection of capacitors, resistors.
Before repair, it is desirable to get a schematic diagram.
Industrial models are not much different from domestic ones. But drying your hair is not recommended. Such products are distinguished by increased resistance to dust, shock, vibration, humidity, and other climatic factors.
Home repairs of industrial hair dryers may not end well.
In particular, electronic radio products used in household models are not suitable for use in harsh environments. Special requirements are placed on wires, power cord, motor and coils.
Any hair dryer has an impeller motor and a heater. The impeller sucks in air from one side of the hair dryer, after which it blows over the heater and comes out already hot on the other side. The hair dryer also has a mode switch and elements to protect the heater from overheating.
1 - impeller; 2 - electric motor; 3 - heater; 4 - thermal protection; 5 - mode switch; 6 - power cable
For household hair dryers, the fan is assembled on a DC collector motor, designed for a voltage of 12, 18, 24 or 36 volts (sometimes there are electric motors operating on an alternating voltage of 220 volts). A separate spiral is used to power the electric motor. Constant pressure obtained from a diode bridgemounted on the motor terminals.
The hair dryer heater is a frame assembled from non-combustible and non-conductive plates, on which a nichrome spiral is wound. The spiral consists of several sections, depending on how many operating modes the hair dryer has.
This is how it looks like:
The spiral is wound on a heat-resistant frame
The hot heater must be constantly cooled by the passing air flow. If the coil overheats, it may burn out or cause a fire. Therefore, the hair dryer is designed to automatically turn off when overheated. For this, a thermostat is used. This is a pair of normally closed contacts placed on a bimetallic plate. The thermostat is located on the heater closer to the outlet of the hair dryer and is constantly blown with hot air. If the air temperature exceeds the allowable one, the bimetallic plate opens the contacts and the heating stops. After a few minutes, the thermostat cools down and closes the circuit again.
Thermostat highlighted in red circle
Sometimes as additional protection A thermal fuse is also used. It is disposable and burns out when a certain temperature is exceeded, after which it must be changed.
Thermal fuse, appearance
To better understand how the hair dryer works, you can watch these two videos (watch the first video from the 6th minute):
Video: how the hair dryer works
Video: what's inside the hair dryer
circuit diagram
Scheme of a household hair dryer
The scheme of most household hair dryers is close to the above. Let's consider it in more detail. The heater consists of three spirals: H1, H2 and H3. Through the spiral H1, power is supplied to the engine, the spirals H2, H3 serve only for heating. AT this case The hair dryer has three modes of operation. In the upper position of SW1, the circuit is de-energized. In the position, the hair dryer operates at minimum power: power is supplied through the VD5 diode, which cuts off one half-wave of alternating voltage, only one H2 heating coil is turned on (not at full power), the motor rotates at low speeds. In the position, the hair dryer operates at medium power: the VD5 diode is short-circuited, both half-waves of alternating voltage enter the circuit, the H2 spiral operates at full power, the motor rotates at rated speed. In the position, the hair dryer operates at the maximum possible power, since the H3 spiral is connected. When the button is pressed, the heating coils H2, H3 are turned off, and the motor continues to run. Diodes VD1-VD4 are a full-wave rectifier. Inductors L1, L2 and capacitors C2, C3 reduce the level of interference that inevitably occurs during operation of the collector motor. F1, F2 are thermal fuse and thermostat.
How to disassemble a hair dryer
Attention! Before disassembling, unplug the hair dryer from the socket!
Parts of the hair dryer body are attached to each other with screws (screws) and special latches. Screw heads often have custom shape: asterisk, plus sign, pitchfork. Therefore, you may need the appropriate screwdriver bits. Latches, in turn, are sometimes very difficult to detach and even experienced craftsmen sometimes they just break off. Sometimes the recesses for the mounting screws are covered with stickers, plastic pads or plastic plugs. Plugs are removed with a sharp object - for example, a knife or a needle. In this case, there is a high probability of slightly wrinkling the body and plugs. True, the hair dryer will not work worse from this. Sometimes the body halves are glued together. In this case, you have to cut them with a knife or scalpel, and glue them together after repair (for example, with epoxy glue).
You can see an example of disassembling a hair dryer in this video:
Video: how to disassemble and repair a Scarlet hair dryer
Typical malfunctions: do-it-yourself repair
Consider the most common hair dryer malfunctions:
Blowing cold air
Possible malfunctions: burned out spiral
What to do:
As a rule, a break is visible to the naked eye, even without a multimeter. There are several ways to repair a spiral:
- You can place the dangling ends of the spiral in a thin brass or copper tube and crimp with pliers.
- The spiral rests on a frame made of heat-resistant, non-conductive plates. In such a plate, you should carefully make a round hole with a diameter of about 2-3 millimeters with a sharp object, insert a short bolt with a washer there, thread the broken ends of the spiral under the washer and tighten.
- Throw one torn end over the other.
- The broken ends can simply be twisted together. It should be noted that the third and fourth methods are less reliable than the first two. The fact is that when connecting the dangling ends by throwing and twisting, the repaired section of the spiral has an increased resistance and therefore overheats and burns out soon enough in the same place.
- Disassemble the donor hair dryer (of course, if you have one) and take it from there.
- (not for everyone): you can wind the spiral yourself. Where to get nichrome? For example, order in China.
- you can buy a ready-made coil. To find what you're looking for, type > in your browser's search bar. Spirals are different power and are sold in packs of several.
You can see examples of spiral repair in these videos:
Video: Viconte VC-372 hair dryer repair (coil burnt out)
Video: where you can buy nichrome
Does not turn on, i.e. the fan does not heat up and does not spin
Possible malfunctions: no voltage, that is, a problem with the power cable
How to repair:
First, carefully inspect the cable from the mains plug to the case: for obvious damage. If there is, remove the damaged area and solder the ends of the cable. Perhaps these are all malfunctions and the hair dryer will work. An example of cable repair is in the above video: How to disassemble and repair the Scarlet hair dryer.
Impeller does not turn or turns at low speed
Possible malfunctions: the motor is faulty or hair is wound around its shaft.
If hair is wrapped around the motor shaft, you will have to dismantle the impeller to remove it. You will also need to remove the impeller if you are going to lubricate the motor shaft or replace it. How to do this, you can see in these two videos:
Video: remove the impeller from the hair dryer
Video: how to remove the fan from the hair dryer motor
Also, in some cases, you can grab the base of the impeller with your fingers and pull it off.
With regard to checking the electric motor, the author believes that the best way- from a safety point of view - is to dismantle the motor and connect it to a suitable power supply with short circuit protection. If the motor does not rotate, you need to check the integrity of the windings with a multimeter. If the winding breaks, you will have to buy a new motor (although you can rewind the old one, but this, perhaps, only makes sense as an entertainment). If the engine sparks a lot, you will also have to buy a new one. Wiping with alcohol in this case, if it helps, then not for long. One of the options where you can purchase a new engine: order in China (search).
Hair dryers with air ionization function and infrared devices
Hair dryers with ionization- when this mode is turned on, a lot of negative ions are released, neutralizing positive charge on the hair, which makes them smooth and does not dry out. To create negative ions, a special module is used, placed in the handle of the hair dryer. The wire coming out of this module is located in the heater area. The air is ionized when it comes into contact with this conductor.
It is possible to diagnose the health of the ionization module without special devices by indirect signs. If you no longer feel the difference when the ionization module is turned on and off - and you are convinced that the module receives a normal supply voltage - therefore, the module is faulty. Next, you need to find the module at the right voltage and suitable size. Look, again, in China.
Photo gallery: an approximate view of the ionization modules
infrared hair dryers dry hair not with hot air, but with infrared radiation. They are quite expensive, belong to the professional category and dry hair much faster than conventional hair dryers. Instead of a nichrome coil, they use an infrared heating element (as in infrared heaters). Otherwise, their design is similar to the design of a conventional hair dryer.
Video: h2d infrared hair dryer
To disassemble and repair a hair dryer, you do not need to be a certified specialist. Enough knowledge of the course of physics high school and the presence of straight arms growing from right place. Keep it up and you will succeed!
The other day my irresistible, unique and intimate Wife began to complain that her beloved Remington hair dryer not working. This manifested itself as interruptions in normal operation depending on the position of the power cable. That is, if you pull the cable - the hair dryer turns off, if you press it against the hair dryer - warm air goes out. I immediately realized what was happening and began to tear my shirt and wave my favorite soldering iron - they say, let me disassemble and repair the hair dryer right here and right now.
So, after some moaning, my screwdrivers clashed with her hair dryer in an epic fight before the first… soldering. I will say right away - this instruction can be used for most hair dryers from Rowenta, Braun, Philips, Bosch and Scarlett. Of course, all hair dryers are disassembled in different ways, but they have the same device principle. Go.
Remington hair dryer disassembly
First you need remove the caps on the handle or all over the body of your favorite hair dryer. In my case, these are three plugs on the hair dryer handle. Recently, it has become fashionable to make a hair dryer body with snaps or even fuse the two halves together.
Latches can be defeated, but if the halves are soldered, then it’s only cut along the seam, and then glued with epoxy, in general, it’s hopeless. So when buying a hair dryer for your loved one, pay attention to its design. Easy to remove plugs needle or sharp thin knife. Be prepared for the fact that the plastic around will bend and immediately warn the Wife about it. The problem with burrs on the plastic can be solved at the end of the repair using the same knife.
Under the stubs I found U-head screws as in the photo. In general, such screws were invented against vandals for outdoor equipment and to protect equipment from inquisitive children. They are called Security.
Such screws, only bigger and with round holes stand in my house in the elevator. It's good that I had the right two-pronged bit just for these screws. All right, elevator, just try to get stuck between floors again.
If you do not have such a screwdriver, then you can make a u-shaped screwdriver from an old slotted screwdriver by simply making a cut in it with a hacksaw.
After disassembling the handle of the hair dryer, we see the picture as in the photo - the hot air supply switch (blue), the hair dryer power mode switch (red), the twisting of 220 V wires.
Everything is carefully check for breakage any wire or scorch marks, melting on the switches.
If everything is in order here, then unscrew the two screws of the wire holder at the very bottom of the hair dryer handle. Need find the broken wire- usually it is located near the exit of the wire from the handle of the hair dryer.
Such weakness You can see it immediately if you bend the wire in half.
Remington hair dryer repair
For check stripping the power cable in the place of the inflection and see burnt copper wires.
Boldly cut off the wire and prepare it for installation.
Today, the popularity of self-repair of small household appliances is steadily increasing. In addition, there are different situations. For example, you urgently need to disassemble a Bosch, Philips or Rowenta hair dryer, but there are no instructions at hand. What to do in this case? Today we will try to tell you more about it.
How to disassemble a Philips hair dryer?
Sometimes after a bad fall or after another mechanical impact this device stops working. A wonderful way out of this difficult situation will be the complete disassembly of the hair dryer. Do you want to know how to disassemble a hair dryer? There is nothing complicated in this, the main thing is to follow the steps of the instructions.
The first step is to disassemble the case. For most models (for example, rowenta pro 2300 and braun 3536), it opens into two identical halves. To comply with safety regulations, before unscrewing the screws, be sure to unplug the electrical cord from the outlet.
Usually the body of the device is held on simple metal screws. They can be with non-standard heads in the form of a plus sign, a pitchfork or an asterisk. Therefore, before disassembling a philips hair dryer, you will need to take care of the availability of the necessary tools.
After opening the device, you will find the internal mechanisms of the device, which are responsible for its smooth functioning. If the hair dryer is broken, then the cause of the breakdown will be hidden in these details. In addition, some models have additional fasteners in the form of latches and hidden screws hidden under decorative trims.
Do you want to learn how to disassemble the philips salondry control hair dryer? To do this, you need to get acquainted with its internal structure and carefully examine all the details. The most common failure of many devices is a damaged power cord. If there are burnt parts or kinks, it will be necessary to resolder it.
The main internal element of any hair dryer is the fan. It is driven by an electric motor and draws air through a special hole with a grill. In some cases, the breakdown of the device is associated with its contamination, so if there is dust, it should be thoroughly cleaned.
Air passes through a heating element - a wire that is wound around a thermostat. It must have a solid appearance. If there are breaks, the spiral parts should be twisted or soldered. Some models (for example, babyliss pro) are also equipped with a limiter that prevents the device from being sucked in with air long hair and other villi. It can also become clogged if the device is not working properly.
If, when the device is connected to the power supply, a crackling noise is heard and sparks are visible, this indicates a breakdown of the engine. This problem can be solved by replacing the copper windings and the diode bridge. However, it is difficult to carry out such repairs at home, so in this case you should contact the workshop.
Do you want to know how to disassemble the rowenta brush activ 1000 hair dryer? The design of this device has several nuances compared to a conventional hair dryer. In order to inspect internal elements and mechanisms in the event of a breakdown, you must perform a few simple steps:
- Remove the plastic cap from the front of the instrument as it will interfere with disassembly later. To do this, it must be smoothly moved to the right and left until it is completely detached from the device;
- When removing the plastic ring, it is not recommended to use screwdrivers and other tools, as they can damage the case and leave visible scratches on it;
- After that, it is necessary to remove the rear mesh nozzle, which interferes with the disassembly of the device. In this case, you should not make a lot of effort, as this can lead to its breakdown;
- Modern models of hair dryers of many brands (Roventa, Remington, Scarlet and others) do not have metal bolts on the body. Fastening of two parts of the hair dryer is carried out using latches. To separate them, the two halves of the housing should be pulled away from each other while rotating.
So that you do not have to repair household appliances on your own, do you need to buy from all the variety on the market? Before buying, you need to pay attention to the reputation of the brand, because only well-known manufacturers engaged in the production of quality products. Other selection criteria are power, number of operating modes, cold air supply function.
We told you about the main features of the internal structure of the hair dryer, so you should not have any questions about how to disassemble the hair dryer brush asset and other brands. However, remember that when repairing small household appliances yourself, you should follow the safety rules and be sure to remove the power cord from the outlet.
As a rule, hair dryers are quite often subject to various breakdowns, and you have to buy a new one. The device is not the most expensive, of course - it is quite possible to purchase another hair dryer, but at the same time it is quite simple, and quite a few will be able to restore its performance without much effort.
Principle of operation
All hair dryers, regardless of the brand and type of housing, have the same principle of operation - an electric motor drives a fan that drives air through the heating coils. Typically, hair dryers have a heat level switch, providing various thermal regimes, - the switch switches the serial connection the right amount spirals - the less they will be in the circuit - the greater the flowing current - the greater the heating. Also, hair dryers are equipped with thermal protection that turns off the device when exceeded. allowable temperature spirals. If such protection has worked, be sure to unplug the hair dryer from the mains, because when the temperature drops, the thermostat will restore the electrical circuit - and the hair dryer will work.
Main malfunctions
Troubleshooting involves disassembling the case. It is usually held together with a couple of self-tapping screws and latches on the case halves, which are quite easy to break, so you need to be careful. Although there will be no particular tragedy with a broken latch - the case may well hold on to self-tapping screws, or you can apply spot glue in several places during assembly, but quite a bit - you suddenly have to disassemble it.
The smell of burning- quite often occurs when a hair dryer is running, since the fan sucks in not only air through the air intake, but also hair, which then falls on a hot spiral and, burning, causes an unpleasant odor.
Another reason is also possible - insufficient air flow passing through the fan. This may be due to overlap ventilation grilles by hand, or clogging of the filter, if one is provided in this model, by hair, fluff, dust, etc. A weak flow can also be caused by slow fan speeds.
Slow fan rotation– this is usually caused by hair wrapping around the motor shaft, which interferes with its rotation. As a rule, the fan is mounted tightly on the shaft, and it is impossible to remove it for the convenience of hair removal, since it is risky to apply great efforts - fragile plastic can easily be broken. Therefore, it is convenient to use tweezers - gradually pinching off the wound hair with them until they are completely removed.
The reverse situation also occurs (much less often) - the fan does not sit tightly on the shaft, as a result, the engine runs at normal speed, but the shaft scrolls in the fan housing. The solution is simple - put the fan on the shaft using a suitable glue.
The air comes out cold- in this case, there may be several reasons:
- Poor contact in the mode switch - elimination depends on the design of the switch. Flexible elastic contact strips of an open type are often used - it is enough to bend them correctly or clean the contact points. If the switch closed type- to replace it - it is inexpensive.
- Broken wiring - the conductor leading to the spirals or the switch may well be broken off or fall off at the place of soldering.
- Broken heating coil. Just like that, it will not break off - most likely it is a burnout. It can be restored simply by twisting, but such a connection will not be durable - poor contact will gradually provoke soot, which will further increase the resistance at this point - as a result, sooner or later it will have to be repaired again. It is better to make the same twist, but then press it with a copper or brass tube of a suitable diameter (a thin tube from a refrigerator compressor works well). Soldering in this case is useless - the heating temperature of the spiral will melt the solder.
- there can be many reasons and almost all of them are easily eliminated - a break in the power cord, no contact in the sliding contact pair at the point where the cord enters the case, breakage in internal wiring, no contact in the switch, etc. The worst thing that can happen is It's engine combustion. If there is something to replace - good (so do not throw away old faulty hair dryers - spare parts after all), but no - then you really need new hair dryer There is little chance of repairing the engine.
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This electrical appliance - a hair dryer - is very popular and often indispensable in everyday life. Due to high consumer demand, the designs of most hair dryers have become very similar, and the workmanship and price have fallen. To date, it is very difficult to buy a truly durable hair dryer. The practice of repairing hair dryers of various brands suggests that the breakdowns that occur are of the same type and, as a rule, are not fatal, but can be easily fixed without serious cash outlays.
Any electric hair dryer in its design contains two main, large elements: a fan and a heater. The fan drives air through the heater (heating element), sucking it in behind the hair dryer and throwing it out in front heated.
Hair dryer device.
1 - propeller; 2 - electric motor; 3 - heater; 4 - thermal protection; 5 - mode switch; 6 - power cable.
For household hair dryers, the fan is built on the basis of low-voltage (12-18 V) DC collector motors. Such a motor cannot be powered directly from a 220 V AC mains. To achieve the required voltage drop, a separate coil (let's call it a step-down coil) is used inside the heating element. To rectify the voltage, a full-wave rectifier (diode bridge) is used, mounted hinged mounting at the motor contacts. A plastic propeller consisting of three or more blades is planted on the metal shaft of the engine.
The heating element of the hair dryer is a frame made of fireproof material with several windings of nichrome wire (spirals). Depending on the number of operating modes of the hair dryer, there can be two or three windings, one of which is lowering.
Heating element with two windings.
The hot coils of the heating element must be constantly blown with cold air, especially when operating at maximum power. If for any reason the air supply becomes insufficient or stops altogether (for example, the engine fails), then, for reasons fire safety and in order to avoid burnout of the heating element, the hair dryer should automatically turn off. Such an emergency shutdown occurs due to the presence of two temperature-sensitive elements in the device of the hair dryer at once - two “protection lines” inside the heater.
The first "frontier" is the thermostat. It is a pair of closed contacts attached to. Being close to the outlet of heated air, the contacts are intensively blown by it. When the outgoing air reaches a critical temperature, the contacts move away from each other, the power supply circuit of the hair dryer opens. After a few minutes, when the bimetallic plate cools down, the contacts will close again and the hair dryer will turn on.
Thermostats based on bimetallic plates.
In the event that the above protection for any reason in right time did not work, then a few seconds later the "second frontier" of protection is activated - the thermal fuse. This fuse is a one-time fuse and, once tripped, needs to be replaced.
Thermal fuse.
Device hair dryer Rowenta CV 4030.
To see internal organization household hair dryer, let's analyze it typical representative- Rowenta CV 4030. This model is equipped with a fan based on a low voltage motor, the heating element consists of one reduction coil and two heating coils. The hair dryer has three operating modes, in the first mode the fan speed is lower than in the other two. circuit diagram of this hair dryer is shown below.
In the first switch position SW1 mains power passing through the plug XP1, filter C1R1, protective elements F1, F2, diode VD5(required to cut off one half-wave of alternating voltage) enters the step-down coil H1, through which the electric motor is powered M1. Diodes VD1-VD4 needed to straighten a low helix H1 AC voltage. Inductors L1, L2 and capacitors C2, C3 serve to reduce the interference that occurs during the operation of the brushed motor. Through the diode VD5 power is also supplied to the heating coil H2.
When switching the switch SW2 to position "2", diode VD5 short-circuited and "leaves the game". The engine starts to work at maximum speed, the spiral H2 heats up more. The third position of the switch slider SW2 corresponds to the mode of maximum power consumption, when parallel to the spiral H2 the spiral is connected H3. In this position, the temperature of the outgoing air is the highest. The "cool" button is included in the break of both heating coils, when it is pressed, only the electric motor through the coil remains switched on H1, spirals H2 and H3 are de-energized.
The process of opening the hair dryer Rowenta cv4030.
Hair dryer in a semi-disassembled form.
During repair and installation various designs building hair dryer is used to warm up old coatings which would otherwise be difficult to remove from the surface. It is also used in construction when soldering metal and while working with plastic pipes, which, when heated, can be given the desired shape of the bend. However, it should be borne in mind that a building hair dryer - complex device and if used incorrectly, it can receive serious damage, the elimination of which will require a waste of time and effort.
Repairing the equipment yourself may become necessary if the warranty period has already expired, or you cannot stop work while the device is in service center. In such a situation, you need to know how to diagnose a breakdown and carry out repairs.
The main elements of any such device are:
- heating element;
- small engine;
- fan.
The air is forced by the fan and passes through the heating element, acquiring the desired temperature, and exits through the nozzle. Such a device differs from a hair dryer with which we dry our hair, only in power, otherwise they work on a similar principle. To calculate the performance, the throughput indicator is used: how many liters of air can pass through the equipment per minute.
Additional functionality provides ease of use and at the same time complicates its device. These functions may include:
- light indicator of the heating level;
- the ability to adjust the temperature;
- the ability to adjust the strength of the air flow;
- interchangeable nozzles for working with various materials.
If you are dealing with a model whose functionality has been significantly expanded, then it makes sense to contact a repair specialist. Since the diagnosis and replacement of parts in this case may require special knowledge.
Breakdown diagnostics
As a rule, a building hair dryer fails due to non-compliance with operating requirements. If the cord is twisted, it may become kinked, and running for too long may cause the equipment to overheat.
Experts call the following equipment breakdowns that happen most often:
- breakage of the power cord at the bend;
- defective start button and other controls;
- burnout of internal wires;
- violation of the integrity of the heating element;
- burnout or overheating of the motor and fan.
The most difficult breakdowns are considered just a malfunction of the engine and fan - they will most likely have to be replaced. At the same time, finding the necessary details can be quite difficult.
How to detect a malfunction?
The building hair dryer does not turn on or does not work at full capacity? So, first of all, it is necessary to inspect the equipment. We check the integrity of the power wire, plugs, the functioning of the power and temperature buttons.
- If, when turned on, the device outputs cold air from the nozzle, the fault concerns the spiral.
- If the air is not supplied at all, the fan or motor may have failed.
To clarify the cause of the breakdown, it may be necessary to disassemble the electrical appliance. Then you will need a camera: frames of a phased analysis of the structure will help you to assemble the device correctly later.
Do-it-yourself construction hair dryer repair
You can start repairing the equipment as soon as the diagnostics are carried out. For these purposes, you may need a screwdriver and a soldering iron, as well as parts that need to be replaced.
- Replacing a spiral (heater) usually does not cause any particular difficulties. In this case, it is worth considering the value of the resistance.
- Conductors that have become detached can be fixed in place with a soldering iron.
- If it is necessary to replace the capacitor, then it is necessary to select the desired part according to the capacitance and the nominal voltage value.
- A motor malfunction is mainly solved by replacing it, but this is not so easy to perform.
To replace the external wire, you will also need to disassemble the device case and disconnect the damaged wire first. During work, try to put all the parts in one container so that nothing is lost. If you have any doubts about your own ability to carry out repairs, then it is better to entrust the restoration of your building hair dryer to the specialists of the service center.
Without exaggeration, we can say that the hair dryer lives today in every home. This softly buzzing accessory blowing warm air, has forever entered the women's arsenal, has become an essential item and is used not only for drying hair, but also for styling and creating certain styles hairstyles. However, sometimes there comes a moment when something starts crunching ugly inside the hair dryer, a wave of warm breeze turns into a north wind, and an inner voice insistently prompts that an urgent repair is needed.
Hair dryer design
The fundamental device of all hair dryers can be considered identical. Every person who owns a screwdriver and basic school knowledge of electrical engineering can deal with it.
Each hair dryer consists of four main parts:
- electric motor .
There are several types of motors - 12, 24 or 36 volts. This is done to protect the user. The current from the network has a voltage of 220 V and is dangerous to human health. With the help of an electronic circuit, the voltage is lowered, so that the impeller that blows air to the nozzle is powered by a small DC motor, which is absolutely safe for humans.
The hair dryer is powered by an electric motor, which is supplied with reduced power for safety reasons.
- Fan. Its task is to create an air flow. Special holes have been made in the body of the hair dryer through which the impeller sucks in air and directs it in the right direction. Usually the propeller is made of plastic and rotates on a metal rod that serves as its axis. On the one hand, the axle is connected to an electric motor, on the other hand, it is attached to a support equipped with a sliding sleeve.
The impeller takes air through the slots in the hair dryer and drives it towards the nozzle
- Heating element. As a rule, this is a nichrome spiral. When current is applied, it begins to heat up and heat the passing air to the desired temperature. In a good hair dryer, the spiral is designed so that the heated air does not burn the hair, that is, its temperature does not exceed 50–60 o C.
In advanced models of hair dryers, several spirals are installed to ensure the operation of the device in two or three modes heating
- Electronic circuit. It serves to convert current and adjust the operating modes of the device. Using the keys located on the body of the hair dryer, you can turn off or turn on the spiral, increase or decrease the speed of the air flow.
It should be noted that the efficiency of the device as a whole depends on the coherence of all structural components. If, for example, the air channel is clogged and the flow rate is slowed down, the coil will necessarily start to overheat, and this will either lead to its failure or an increased temperature of the outgoing stream. A malfunction of the electronic circuit can lead to a voltage drop on the electric motor, as a result of which the hair dryer will not work at full capacity.
The first mention of a hair dryer is associated with the name of the French hairdresser Godefroy (A. Godenfroy). It was he who, in 1888, suggested that his clients dry their hair with a patented device that works from "any source of heat." In 1908, the well-known Berlin electrical company AEG registered the trademark "Föhn", which in German meant "warm Alpine breeze". The first devices were quite bulky and heavy, the case consisted of a metal casing and weighed about 2 kg.
The prototypes of the modern hair dryer were large and heavy.
Possible malfunctions of the hair dryer and their elimination
Unfortunately, technology tends to break down. And often at the most inopportune moment. Even expensive models manufactured by reputable companies can fail. The reason for this can be both non-compliance with the rules of operation, and factors beyond human control. For example, power surges, children playing or pets teething. Situations are different, but in any case, you should not urgently run to the store to buy a new device. Perhaps, having figured out the cause of the breakdown closer, you can restore the normal operation of the hair dryer without outside help, with your own hands.
The following repair information does not apply to new generation models equipped with air ionizers and infrared emitters. The device of such hair dryers is much more complicated; it is not recommended to repair them at home.
Lack of power
In the event of a malfunction, first of all, you need to pay attention to the condition power cord and conduct a visual inspection. It should not heat up during operation. If there is any damage to the insulation, fractures or swelling on it, you need to check whether current is flowing to the device.
The hair dryer may not turn on due to damage to the cable insulation
For this you need:
- Disassemble the case and use the voltage indicator to test the power contacts inside the hair dryer. For disassembly, you need to find and unscrew all the screws on the casing. Sometimes, in addition to them, latches are used - they must be carefully separated so as not to break the fragile plastic. In some models, the screws are covered with decorative caps or stickers. In this case, they are carefully removed by picking up the edge with a screwdriver. Before disassembling the hair dryer, do not forget to unplug it from the mains by unplugging the cord from the outlet..
After unscrewing all the screws, you need to carefully pry off the plastic plugs and separate the case
- Next, the wires go to the power button. It is necessary to check that the switch moves freely, is not clogged with foreign debris or stuck together dust. If the contacts are working properly, their color will be even, with no signs of charring. Overheated copper turns from yellow to dark blue, which is a sign incorrect operation.
All contacts should be checked for charring or discoloration, which is also a sign of a power circuit malfunction.
If damage is found, the contacts must be cleaned with a knife or sandpaper but never with a damp cloth. Sometimes this is enough to restore the normal operation of the device.
Plug in the device for a few seconds. In this case, the power key must be in the "Off" position. or off. To check the presence of voltage, bring the indicator to both terminals of the button.
If there is a “phase” on the contact being tested, the indicator lamp will light up
The best solution to a damaged power cord is to replace it with a new one. But if it is not possible to replace the cable, you can get out of the situation by stripping the “bad” contacts and connecting them with a twist. The connection point must be carefully insulated with dielectric adhesive tape.
If you repaired a damaged power cord by twisting the wires together, be sure to wrap the exposed area with electrical tape
If the problem is in the button, it must be cleaned and the terminal screws tightened. As a last resort, you can temporarily disable the button by connecting the wires directly. In this case, the motor will turn on immediately after connecting the cord to the outlet.
If the hair dryer control button is out of order, before purchasing a new part, the wires can be connected directly, however, some modes of the device will stop working
Fan not working
The most common reason for a fan to stop is hair. During operation, the hair dryer draws small hairs inside and they are wound around the propeller axis. Over time, the rotation slows down and eventually stops altogether. Obviously, it is better to periodically clean the fan and not bring the situation to a critical one. Moreover, it is easy to do this - it will not be difficult to remove the hairs from the impeller with tweezers or a small brush.
Outside, you can clean the air intake holes, and in order to get to the fan, you need to disassemble the case
The criterion for the normal operation of the fan is the free rotation of the propeller on the axis of the engine.
If the situation repeats often, you need to carefully examine the back of the air pipe. It is possible that the air intake grille is damaged and too many foreign objects penetrate through it. You can get out of the situation by sticking on the grate mosquito net or gauze, but it must hold firmly so that it does not get sucked in. Some models have an input air filter. Maybe it's time to clean it or replace it.
The filter is located at the back of the hair dryer, on the air intake side.
Outgoing air is not heated
The spiral is one of the weakest points of all hair dryers. Despite the fact that modern heating elements are quite reliable, they are strongly affected by the good condition of all other structural elements. It is good if the device provides for automatic shutdown of the spiral in case of overheating. If not, then it can burn out if, for example, the propeller is clogged or the electric motor is faulty. The first sign of excess load on the spiral is the characteristic burning smell that occurs when the hair dryer is running.
The smell may persist even after turning off the device, which indicates the need to check the health of the electric motor.
Another indirect evidence of excessive heating of the coil can be heat corps. It shouldn't get hot. An abnormal increase in temperature indicates a malfunction.
When overheated, the heating coil breaks
Repair of the heating element also begins with the disassembly of the hair dryer. Most often, the gap is visible to the naked eye. If the damage is not total (melting of large areas or breaks in several places), it is not difficult to eliminate it. You just need to reconnect the ends of the spiral. It is best, of course, to solder them, but if there are no special skills, you can twist them tightly by squeezing the connection with pliers. Since the nichrome wire is rather thin, when turned on, a microelectric arc is formed at the junction and the ends of the spiral are welded.
It is important not only to restore the integrity of the heater, but also to determine the cause that led to overheating. Otherwise, everything will happen again very soon. If an autopsy shows that the coil is damaged in several places, it is better to replace it entirely. At the same time, you need to select the heating element of the same manufacturer as the hair dryer.
Interestingly, having emerged as a hairdressing accessory, the hair dryer soon found application in such sectors of the economy as construction and electrical soldering. Technical hair dryers are used in many processing processes building materials, to speed up the drying process, heating adhesive compositions, heat shrink tubing, etc. Today, even a special high-temperature hair dryer is used to ignite coals in the barbecue.
Video: disassembly and repair of the Maxwell hair dryer
Motor problems
The motor is designed to rotate the fan. Usually in a good hair dryer there is a speed switch key, with which the optimal air supply mode is selected. Control occurs due to a change in the strength of the current supplied to the motor. For this, an electronic circuit is located inside the case, which, by the way, can also fail.
The electric drive of the fan of the hair dryer ensures its rotation at different speeds depending on the selected mode of operation
Characteristic signs of a damaged motor are crackling when turned on and uneven operation. Dry discharges occur due to the breakdown of the insulation of the windings. Sometimes a hum is heard inside the appliance, but the fan does not rotate. There may be a smell of burnt wiring.
A DC motor has several windings, the breakage of which is the most common cause its failure
Repairing an engine at home is quite difficult. This is due to its small size and the need to use special devices for diagnostics. If the armature windings are burned out, then they can only be rewound using special tools. It is much easier to simply replace the damaged part. Here you just need to carefully remove the old motor, and mount a new one in its place.
Video: how to disassemble and repair a Scarlett hair dryer
Control unit problems
The work of all nodes inside the hair dryer is interconnected. And the main coordinating link is the electronic control unit. In addition to transforming alternating current into direct current, it changes the operating modes of the motor, regulates the degree of heating of the spiral. The scheme is relatively simple, but only a specialist can professionally understand it.
The electronic circuit is located near the control buttons inside the handle
Due to voltage fluctuations in the network, violation of the operating rules or moisture on the electronic board, a malfunction of the unit may occur. Visually, this is expressed in a change in the appearance of parts. Capacitors are deformed, swell. Resistances (resistors) darken and char. The connecting tracks on the printed circuit board can melt and break. If you have spare radio components and soldering equipment, you can replace and restore the electronics. But you can replace the entire block.
To repair the electronic board, you must have special tools and qualifications.
If we talk about the procedure for diagnosing a broken device, then it should be carried out according to the principle “from simple to complex”. This means that you first need to inspect the mechanical part (cord, buttons, impeller). Then - electrical, check the integrity of the connecting wires, contacts and terminals, the operation of the electric motor and the spiral. And, finally, to revise the electronics - the control unit, other systems and interlocks. If the examination of the microcircuit did not give intelligible results, it is checked with a tester.
Video: hair dryer diagnostics and repair
How to remove the fan impeller
Often in hair dryers, the impeller blades are damaged. This happens gradually as foreign debris builds up and is drawn in by the airflow through the separator. Once the amount of foreign interference exceeds the critical state and the blades crack. This happens when the device is turned on, when the motor is gaining momentum and the rotational force becomes maximum.
As debris and dust accumulate inside the hair dryer, the fan blades experience more and more resistance as they rotate and finally break.
The first sign of a broken impeller is vibration. In addition, you can hear how plastic fragments crack inside the case. If this happens, the impeller must be replaced. It is necessary to remove the protective cover, carefully inspect the device for attaching the propeller to the motor. AT different models connections are different. But the principle, as a rule, is the same - the impeller axis is pressed onto the drive of the electric motor. In most cases, it is easy to remove it by carefully prying it with a screwdriver. Sometimes for this you need to remove the motor with the propeller from the housing and after that disconnect the blades.
All repair work is carried out only with the power of household appliances turned off. This is the best security guarantee. If the hair dryer is on warranty service, it is more expedient to solve all current problems in specialized organizations. Self repair and misuse will void the manufacturer's warranty. Before using the device, it is useful to carefully read the recommendations of the manufacturer.
