Where to plant currants. The best time for planting currants. Propagation of blackcurrant cuttings

Currant is a delicacy containing many vitamins and minerals. Today, most amateur gardeners are engaged in its cultivation. If you take care of it correctly, then from one bush you can collect 7–7.5 kg! And, now we will figure out how and where to plant currants so that healthy shrubs grow.

Blackcurrant is a culture that loves moist soil. It is for this reason that it prefers low moist places that have good protection from the wind.

Not suitable for planting blackcurrant:

hollows;
wetlands;
areas where underground groundwater is located too close to the surface layer of the earth.

Blackcurrant does not tolerate soil with strong acidity, so lime is applied in such areas. If this is not done, then the shrubs:

will give a very weak increase;
get sick;
after flowering, the ovaries will begin to crumble.

The ideal planting time is autumn. Until spring, the earth settles well and is compacted around the bushes, therefore, the plants begin to grow early.

It is necessary to prepare the land for planting currant seedlings in advance, approximately 21–28 days before the start of planting. The size seat 40 × 40 cm, and a depth of 20 - 25 cm. In the process of digging, you need to add to the soil:

8 kg finished compost(humus).
150 g of superphosphate.
300 g wood ash.
30 g limestone (for sandy soil), 100 g for acidic soil.

All this is mixed together with the earth obtained from the pit. Then the hole is filled by approximately 30%, and then covered with clean soil to half. Next comes watering. As soon as it is absorbed, you can land.

There are several secrets to placing blackcurrant shrubs:

Air temperature during planting operations +17°C…+23°C.
Choose slightly shady areas with good drainage or soil that has neutral characteristics.
Groundwater should be below the surface layer of the earth by 1.5 m.
No neighbors nearby.

And in order for the shrubs to please with a large harvest, they must be properly looked after:

Weed by hand.
Loosen.
Mulch.
water.
Feed.
Protect from frost.
crop.

Red currant bushes are planted in autumn or spring in deep areas ground water. This place must be protected from prolonged stagnation of rain and melt water. If the cottage is in a lowland, then excess water is removed from the site using high-quality drainage or a drainage ditch.

Redcurrant does not tolerate cold winds and shading. When bad sunlight plants:

often get sick;
exposed to a massive pest invasion;
grow slowly;
have small berries.

Suitable for planting the following types soil:

loose;
light loamy;
sandy loam with a neutral or slightly acidic reaction.

You can not plant red currants in the shade of fences and trees.

If planting is planned in the fall, then the soil begins to be prepared 60 days before the expected date, and if in the spring, then 14 to 21 days before planting the seedlings.

To prepare the soil for planting you need:

make seating arrangements;
level the selected surface;
at the same time dig deep and add organic fertilizers to the soil (if the soil has high acidity, then add lime).

If the site has a surface occurrence of groundwater, then landing pits no need to dig. In this case, the seedlings are planted in earthen mounds (height 20 cm).

The layout of the bushes on the site

There are 3 landing patterns:

Single - plants are placed at a distance of two meters from other trees and shrubs.
Ordinary - the distance between seats shrubs - 1.5 m.
Trellis - seedlings are planted with an interval of one meter from each other.

The most popular landing pattern is the row landing. The greater the distance between the bushes, the greater the yield of each of them, but the yield with total area will be much less than with more dense landings.

How to plant currants and not make mistakes

Common mistakes that are made when landing:

Late drop off. If it is not possible to plant seedlings in the fall, then it is better to dig them up until spring;
Drying out of the soil. It is necessary to control that the earth does not dry out under the planted seedlings. Young currants need water, otherwise they will not be able to acclimatize in a new place.
Vertical landing. This will not be worse, but it will take longer to wait for the development of a luxurious shrub, because the basal shoots that appear near the base of the trunk will form poorly.
Poorly chosen landing site.

Conclusion

So knowing key points choosing a landing site, preparing the land and how to properly plant currant bushes - you can easily cope with this task. Be sure to fertilize and care for the bushes, even if they do not yet bear fruit. And then, currant long years will delight you with a plentiful harvest of delicious berries.

Blackcurrant gives a harvest of delicious and useful berries, so it is not surprising that good bushes gardeners tend to plant on their site. So we initially planted 3 young bushes, in the fall of 2016 we planted 1 bush, the other day we planted cuttings that gave roots (there will be 5 bushes).

In order for blackcurrant to develop quickly and hurt less, you need to choose the most suitable site for planting. Focus on the following criteria:

The site must be flat or have a slight slope. It is acceptable to plant bushes in low-lying places, but in this case the soil must have good water permeability (there should be no stagnant moisture).
Currant loves moisture, but grows poorly if the groundwater level is close to the surface (better - 1 m or more). As a solution to this problem, summer residents in such areas plant bushes on mounds up to 1 m high and up to 2.5 m in diameter.
It is desirable that the site is illuminated by the sun from the south or southwest. But sun exposure from the southeast is also acceptable.
It is desirable to place bushes along the fence so that they are protected from cold winds. For the same reason, they are often planted along suburban buildings, dense shrubs and trees. In areas protected from the wind, the snow cover is subsequently better preserved, which means that the roots of the plant do not freeze out. When flowering in the protection zone, flowers do not fall en masse, and pollinating insects calmly do their job.
Well, if the site has small pond. The reservoir will soften the effect of frost in winter and increase air humidity in summer.
Blackcurrant does not grow well in wetlands and places with hyperacidity soil (pH< 5,5).
These berry bushes prefer moist fertile loam.
Bushes feel good in lighted areas and in partial shade.
From a nearby shrub or fruit tree you need to retreat at least 1.5 m.
The depth of the arable layer for currants should be from 30 to 45 cm (the larger the cultivated layer, the better the bush develops). The root system is located no deeper than 60 cm.
AT middle lane optimal timing autumn planting- throughout September and the first half of October. Landing pits should be prepared 3-4 weeks in advance (the earth in them should settle properly). The depth of the pit is 55 cm, the diameter is 65 cm. Various organic matter (leaves, tops, waste from the table) is poured down with a layer of 45 cm, 2 buckets of mullein are poured. From above pour the soil from the site. 2 weeks before planting, 8 kg of rotted manure or humus, 300 g of superphosphate, 135 g of potash fertilizers, 250 g of ash and 115 g of lime are added, digging is carried out and sprinkled with garden soil on top.

Item 11 is perfect option preparation. We planted blackcurrant bushes easier, they always took root well and gave an excellent harvest. The maximum that I could observe was that in 1 summer after the autumn planting, the bush could hurt, but then recovered.

Let's draw a garden, Currants grow there, Two currant bushes Berries like beads Black Volodya, Red Marusina

So A. Barto wrote about currants, without which our garden is not a garden at all.

Blackcurrant is a great berry! Fragrant, vitamin, very useful! With proper care, it gives abundant harvests every year. From the bush you can collect a bucket of berries! It enters fruiting in the second year, and a full-fledged crop can be harvested already in the third or fourth.

How to plant blackcurrant and care for it? In fact, the best time to plant currants is early autumn. But now they sell seedlings with a closed root system, which can be planted all season.

Seedlings with a well-developed root system take root better and later bear fruit well. It should have at least 3-5 skeletal roots up to 15-20 cm long in a lignified state, with yellowed bark, as well as a developed fibrous system.

The aerial part may consist of one or two shoots up to 30-40 cm long, extending from the base of the seedling. The density of planting currants in the garden depends on the variety, soil fertility, lighting, method of formation and pruning of the bush.

Varieties of blackcurrant with a spreading and powerful crown of the bush (Bagira, Vologda, Dikovina, Belarusian sweet and others) should be planted less often, and plants with a compact straight-growing crown (Riddle, Izmailovskaya, Leningrad giant and others) - more often. Usually, in a row, blackcurrant bushes are planted at a distance of 1 to 1.5 m. More is possible, less is not desirable.

Spring planting is especially successful in areas where little snow accumulates and freezing of the roots is possible, as well as when the planting material is acquired very late. In these cases, seedlings are dug in for the winter. spring planting start early, as soon as the soil allows. Planted plants are shaded or cut short to prevent buds from blooming.

If you bought a seedling with an open root system, root system be sure to wrap with a damp cloth and top plastic wrap or some other dense material so that the roots do not dry out. Before planting, the damaged tips of the roots and above-ground shoots are cut off.

To avoid drying, especially in bright sunlight, the roots of plants prepared for planting are dipped in a clay or earthen mash, or temporarily sprinkled with earth. Seedlings with dried roots take root much worse.

select planting material it is necessary very carefully in connection with the ubiquitous microplasma disease of black currant - terry and its carrier - currant kidney mite. The incubation (hidden) period of the disease lasts several years.

It is impossible to detect single individuals of its carrier, a kidney tick, in the kidneys with the naked eye. Therefore, planting material is best grown from young healthy plants or buy it from large nurseries producing healthy seedlings.

To get rid of the currant bud mite, blackcurrant cuttings are heated in water for 13-15 minutes in autumn at a temperature of 46 ° C or in early spring(until the snow melts) - at 43 ° C. The water temperature and the duration of heating must be strictly observed and disinfection of the cuttings is not guaranteed or they lose their viability. Decontaminated cuttings can be damaged again by currant bud mites if there are infected bushes on the site.

For planting, a hole is prepared with a diameter of 50-60 cm and a depth of 30-40 cm. Then it is filled with a mixture of earth and humus to two-thirds of the depth. From mineral fertilizers 100 g of superphosphate and potassium chloride are added to the planting pits. Instead of potassium chloride, you can add 300-400 g of wood ash

Seedlings are planted in an inclined position, approximately at an angle of 45 °. The direction of the slope does not matter, it is usually done along the row in one direction or another.

The inclined and deep landing creates the conditions for better education additional roots and for the emergence of new shoots from the buds of the buried part of the stem and root collar. Thus, a powerful, well-developed bush with a sufficient number of branches is formed. With direct planting, as a rule, a single-stemmed standard bush is obtained, which is used for compacted intensive culture.

At the seedling, the roots are straightened and covered with earth, the soil is gradually compacted. Moreover, when planting, the seedling should be periodically shaken slightly so that the earth evenly fills the entire space, and no voids form between the roots. The seedling is buried 6-8 cm above the root collar.

If the seedlings were not cut in the nursery, this should be done at planting, leaving no more than 3-4 buds above the surface. When the roots are already covered with soil, but the pit is not yet completely filled with earth, you need to water the plants (about half a bucket per bush), after which the pit is completely covered with soil.

After planting around the bush, make a hole and pour again at the rate of 1/3-1/2 buckets of water per bush. To retain moisture, the soil near the seedling is mulched with peat, humus, or the hole is sprinkled with dry earth so that a crust does not form after watering. In dry weather, especially in spring, 3-4 days after planting, the plants are watered again and the soil is mulched.

Black currant is very responsive to fertilizers. In fruit-bearing gardens, phosphorus (100-120 g) and potash, fertilizers at a dose of 80-100 g per bush are applied under the autumn digging of the soil. Instead of these fertilizers, nitrophoska or nitroammofoska can be applied at a dose of 250-300 g.

Nitrogen fertilizers (urea, ammonium nitrate) at a dose of 140-160 g is better to apply in the spring. Currant also responds positively to foliar fertilizing with microelements and nitrogen. What are micronutrients for? In particular, zinc enhances its resistance to diseases, boron has a stimulating effect on flowering, manganese - on productivity, copper - on growth and development.

Foliar top dressing can be given twice during the growing season: in the flowering phase and green ovary. For 10 liters of water dissolve 30 g of urea, 7-8 g boric acid, 1 g of zinc chloride, 0.5 g of copper sulfate and 0.3 g of potassium permanganate. Foliar top dressing is best done in the evening using conventional garden sprayers.

Currants should be watered regularly, preventing the soil from drying out. Insufficient water supply, even a single drying of the soil, can lead to crushing of berries and a decrease in yield. At one time, each bush is watered with 3-5 buckets of water.

To receive high yields currant bushes need to be formed. Formation begins immediately after planting - all branches of the plant are cut to a length of 10-12 cm, leaving only 3-5 buds on each shoot.

In adult fruit-bearing bushes, all 5-6-year-old branches and annual shoots are cut out, leaving only the most powerful ones to replace the old fruit-bearing ones. When forming a bush, it is important to try to create a bush with the widest possible base. The wider the bush, the more clarified and unthickened is the middle of the bush. This, in turn, contributes to the fruiting evenly of the entire bush, and not just its periphery, which happens when thickening. A properly formed bush should have 16-20 branches of different ages.

Plant black currants in your garden! You will definitely never regret it!

Blackcurrant is one of the most famous and favorite berries of most people. Possessing excellent taste, it is also extremely useful for the body. The level of vitamin C in berries is one of the highest of all known foods containing this vitamin. These berries are used during colds, intestinal diseases, for general prevention of the body. In addition, jams, compotes, jellies and currant jams are the favorite dishes of so many people. Everyone knows about her useful properties, but not everyone knows when and how to plant it.

planting black currant

The optimal conditions for planting all types of currants are autumn.
Shrubs are planted in autumn, usually at the end of October. The main thing is to plant a bush before the onset of frost. If you plant a bush in the fall, then before the onset of spring, the soil around the bush is compacted, and the seedling takes root well, and with the onset of the first heat, it intensively starts growing.

The choice of landing site should also be approached responsibly. This plant is moisture-loving, so wet areas are suitable for it, but at the same time well protected from drafts. Planting currants in the fall is not allowed in wetlands.

by the most the best option is medium and heavy loamy soils. Currants are afraid of stagnant water, so good soil drainage should be established.

How to plant blackcurrant in autumn

Many, having planted a blackcurrant bush, immediately forget about it, and remember only during the harvest. And, in vain. To get good full harvest, you need to follow simple rules.

The area allotted for planting currants is leveled, all depressions are filled up. Next, a spacious hole is dug - 40 cm deep and 60 cm in diameter. The bottom of the hole is covered with a bucket of humus and potash fertilizers are added at least 100 g in the form of charcoal.

For planting take two-year-old seedlings, with roots 15-20 centimeters. Shoots should be at least 30-40 centimeters. You can also use one-year-old seedlings, but at the same time their root should be sufficiently developed.

There is one trick that is used by gardeners and which is the main rule when planting blackcurrants.

A bush is planted at an inclination of 45 ° to the ground level, so that the stems are fan-shaped and the lower buds on them are covered with earth. At least 2 buds should remain on the surface.

This should be done to form a powerful healthy blackcurrant bush.

Next, you should make depressions around the planted bush, pour them with a bucket of water, tamp well and lay mulch around the bush in the form of peat, compost, straw, leaves with a layer of up to 10 cm. Depending on the size and variety of currants, the distance between the bushes is observed from a meter to one and a half .

Currant loves illuminated, open spaces, but partial shading will not hurt her, although this will affect the crop in the future.

Currant has a high frost resistance, but still it should be protected from late spring frosts, since fruit buds that have started growing can freeze, which will affect the decrease in yield.

We briefly outline the rules that should be observed when planting blackcurrants:

land in October-November;
dig a hole 40x60 cm;
fall asleep with 1 bucket of humus;
add charcoal;
shorten the roots, leaving 30 cm;
deepen the bush at an inclination of 45 ° and bury;
make recesses around the bush;
water abundantly;
trim the stems, leaving 30-40 cm in length;
mulch.

Blackcurrant bush care

Having planted a currant bush, I want the results of my work to please for many years. Therefore, in good care she needs more early stage development.

While the bush does not bear fruit, it is enough to water it, weed and spud. In the year of fruiting, it is already required to carry out top dressing in the form of mineral fertilizers (100 g of superphosphate, 20 g of potassium sulfate and 30 g of urea) and organic fertilizers in the form of chicken manure and manure.
1 kg of manure is insisted for three days in a bucket of water, this mixture is diluted with another bucket of water and poured under the root. All the same is done with chicken manure, only the water consumption is increased by 2 times.

In order not to lose the crop during spring frosts, during the period of flowering and budding, the bushes must be well shed with water and covered. If you are not too lazy and do everything on time, the harvest is guaranteed.

AT without fail currants are watered during the formation of the ovary and the pouring of fruits, in order to avoid crushing them, especially if this coincided with a drought. After harvesting, watering continues. And in dry autumn, before the onset of frost, winter watering is done, 3 buckets per bush.

Do blackcurrants need pruning? Pruning is aimed at the formation of the bush, to prevent thickening and to improve the quality of the next crop.

Pruning blackcurrant bushes

Blackcurrant grows in one place for 15 years. And quality and correct pruning helps to prolong fruiting for several more years. Such pruning consists in the fact that after three years only 6-8 shoots are left on the bush, from which even more powerful stems and even larger berries will grow.

All branches that give a small increase and are older than three years are subjected to pruning to zero. Old shoots are easy to distinguish - they are darker in color.

Cut out diseased shoots and stems growing into the ground.

Sanitary pruning is done during flowering, those branches that are sick with terry.
If on the cut you can see black spot are pest larvae. Such a branch is urgently cut to a healthy part. All branches affected by larvae are burned.

Cut the plant mainly in late autumn. Old shoots are removed near the ground, leaving 3 cm stumps to stimulate the growth of the most productive underground buds.

It is not recommended to prune in the spring, during the growing season, because through the cuts the plant loses a large number of juice and with it nutrients.

Planting blackcurrant video

Currant can be found on almost every garden plot, as it is a very popular berry. It is blackcurrant that is the most popular among all the others (red and golden). Blackcurrant is rich in vitamins and exceeds strawberries in their concentration by 5 times, citrus fruits by 8 times, apples and pears by 10 times, and grapes by almost 100 times.

Thus, blackcurrant has become one of the most sought after berries and is popular. But in order to properly plant currant bushes in your area and wait for the berries, increase the yield of blackcurrant from the bush, you should know the rules for planting and caring for it.

Did you know? In our country, black currants began to be grown as early as the 11th century. ornamental plant. At the end of the 17th century, attention was paid to the medicinal properties of berries, and currant branches began to be used for tea.

The best varieties of black currant

In order to choose best grade black currant, its following features should be taken into account:

berry ripening time;
resistance to diseases and pests;
how it tolerates frost and drought.

It is best to choose currants, focusing on the region in which you live. The most popular varieties of currants:

In total, there are more than 15 varieties of blackcurrant. Each has its own characteristics.

Important! When choosing, you need to take into account the ripening period, taste, skin thickness, resistance and susceptibility to climate change, diseases and pests.

planting black currant

Black currant gives a crop of 12-15 years. She has the richest harvests for 6 or 7 years.

It is best to plant currants of several varieties for mutual pollination. Thus you will receive large fruits and high productivity.

Optimal timing and site selection for planting seedlings

Blackcurrant can be planted from spring to autumn. But it is best to plant in late September-October. Thus, the seedlings will be better strengthened, and in the spring they will grow. In the spring, it is better to plant before the awakening and movement of the juice.

How to choose the right seedling

When choosing a seedling, pay attention to the horse system: it must have skeletal and fibrous roots. Roots should be moist and processed. Shoots are light gray and flexible. A healthy shoot has normal-sized buds. If they are swollen, this is a sign of a kidney mite.

It is best to buy seedlings in the fall. They will better adapt to new conditions and take root normally. After purchasing seedlings, wrap their roots with a damp cloth so that they do not get injured or dry out during transportation.

How to prepare the soil before planting

The soil should be slightly acidic, neutral (pH 5.0-5.5), fertile. Blackcurrant bushes really like loam. Should be planted on the southwest or south side. The site should be well lit and protected from the wind.

If you plant currants in the spring, prepare the soil in the fall. Bring in the manure wood ash(1 l), superforce (100 g) per square meter. Planting blackcurrant is as follows:

prepare the site from autumn / spring;
dig up the soil and fertilize 7-10 kg of humus per 1 sq.m;
prepare pits for planting 2-3 weeks in advance. Add soil, superphosphate (2 tablespoons), a handful of ash, 5 kg of compost to them, filling the hole by 2/3;
wait for the soil to settle and compact;
pour 1/2 bucket of water into the hole;
place the seedling in the hole at an angle of 45 ° 5 cm deeper than it grew before;
gently straighten the roots and sprinkle with earth, compact;
pour another 1/2 bucket of water under the seedling;
after planting, cut off the shoots from the seedlings, leaving 2-3 buds on each.

Many gardeners are wondering what year after planting currants bear fruit.

I would like her to start bringing berries for 2-3 years, but this will happen only for 5-6.

The bush should gain strength and take root normally.

Growing and caring for blackcurrant

Growing and caring for blackcurrants is a simple matter. You just need to remember to water, cut and fertilize on time.

How to take care of the soil

The soil around the bush needs to be dug up and mulched with humus or manure. The thickness of the mulch is 5-10 cm. If weeds begin to appear around the currant, remove them immediately so that they do not infect the bush with diseases or pests.

Do not forget about fertilizing and fertilizing. It is best to choose special fertilizers for currants with the addition of potassium. The soil should be loose, moist, but without stagnant water, so that the roots of the currant do not begin to rot. Water the bush 1-2 times a week, and on especially dry days every day.

Proper pruning and shaping the bush

You need to cut the bush in early spring before the buds appear, be sure to remove broken and damaged branches (for example, by diseases or ticks).

By cutting the bush, you give growth to young shoots and prevent the reproduction of pests.

To form a bush after planting, shoots should be cut annually, leaving only 3-4 developed and correctly located.

Important! If the bush does not develop well, you need to cut 2-3 skeletal branches - this will help develop basal shoots.

The formation of a bush is completed for 5 years. If you did everything right, then he will have 10-15 skeletal branches with lateral branches.

Harvesting

Blackcurrant berries are harvested by hand, plucking each berry. They should be collected carefully, without injuring or breaking branches.

Blackcurrant berries are placed in trays, boxes or boxes - then they will not crumple and will not let the juice out. After picking the berries, the bushes need to be watered abundantly and loosen the soil in the area.

Important! Do not forget to feed currant bushes. Fertilizers with trace elements will help to get good harvest. It is best to do this from the beginning of spring. You can use bird droppings, urea or mullein solution. Use complex fertilizers. Feed currants 1 time per week. After harvest, feed the bushes with superphosphate (100 g around the bush), ash (200 g around the bush) or organic top dressing.

Frost protection for black currants

Frosts are very dangerous for blackcurrants. They can deprive you of a large part or even the entire crop.

To protect the bushes from early frosts, you need to pour water over the bushes in the evening or put water in containers near them. You can also cover currant bushes with large bags of paper, cloth or special film.

Currant breeding methods

Many gardeners who grow blackcurrants on their plot decide to propagate it on their own. This is not difficult to do, but you should be aware of the possible infection with pests and diseases in this case.

Be sure to choose the most healthy and fruitful bushes for the propagation of blackcurrant.

cuttings

If you decide to propagate currants by cuttings, you should remember that they can be planted from late April to early May, from September to October.

Cuttings are cut from annual shoots about 7 mm thick. The cut is made at an angle of 45°. The length of the cutting is 20 cm. At night, the cuttings should be placed in water, and planted in the prepared soil in the morning. They are planted as ordinary seedlings, while watering abundantly.

layering

Currants are propagated by layering in the spring. Healthy lateral growths are bent down, placed in prepared grooves (depth 5-7 cm) and pinned with special staples.

After that, the layers are covered with earth. With the appearance of shoots of 6-8 cm in length, they are spud up to half the height. They should be cared for like ordinary seedlings.

By dividing the bush

When dividing a bush, it should be high in the spring with earth with humus and monitor its moisture for the entire period until autumn.. In autumn, the bush needs to be dug up, the resulting rosettes with roots should be separated and planted separately. Do not forget about watering and fertilizing new bushes.

Did you know? You can not plant blackcurrant next to bird cherry, hawthorn, buckthorn, fennel or hyssop. This can lead to infection of the bushes with pests. Blackcurrant and its neighbor must have a root system of the same depth so as not to interfere with each other. It is best to plant currants separately.