What are personality types and what are they? Such different psychotypes of a person

A personality psychotype is a set of character traits from the point of view of psychology. The correct definition of the psychotype will help not only to better understand the person himself, but also to find the necessary approach to him.

Basic theory

Not unified system criteria and assessments, with the help of which one actual classification of psychotypes can be derived. The most popular is the theory of Carl Jung, which is based on the functions of the psyche and attitudes. First of all, he singled out the scale of introversion and extraversion.

The energy of introverts is directed inward. Such a person will prefer to actively communicate with the outside world to develop himself and spend time with himself. An introvert, on the other hand, is active and with pleasure "wastes" his own energy on the people around him.

K. Jung also used the concept of “personality function” in his works. To them he attributed sensation and thinking, intuition and feeling.

Depending on the predominance of one or another function, their combination and psychological attitude, he identified 8 personality psychotypes. They are needed not only for the study and ordering of a huge variety psychological features, but it is also a great help for a practicing psychologist.

Types Based on Extraversion

based on introversion

Accentuation of personality

Psychologists share several types of personality or types of accentuation. A personality type is a set of character traits that determine not only the behavior of an individual, but his lifestyle and behavior in society. In practical psychology and psychotherapy, types of character accentuation are used, which Andrey Lichko brought out and systematized. In its pure form, each type is quite rare, but if you have the necessary skills, you can determine the leading type of accentuation in a person.

personality type	Description
Hyperthymic type	Such people have increased activity, excitable, distinguished by cheerfulness. They are active, lead a fairly successful and diverse lifestyle, easily converge with people and take on the role of leader. Their unquenchable thirst for activity, seething energy attracts others and makes such people the soul of the company. However, they often quit what they started and quickly lose interest in everything. Often their actions are dictated not by principles or morality, but by momentary desires and a thirst for new experiences. They are not able to take their duties seriously, and are not adapted to long-term monotonous work.
Cycloid type	Such people are often prone to mood swings. The phase of cheerfulness and cheerfulness after a short time (1-2 weeks) is replaced by lethargy and passive behavior. During a period of mood rise, it is easy to mistake them for a hyperthymic type of personality; during a mood decline, features of a dysthymic type of accentuation appear.
Dysthymic type	Such people are called pessimists. They are serious, closed, often in a depressed mood, laconic. People of the dysthymic type prefer to avoid noisy companies, do not enter into conflicts. Their social circle is small, they are distinguished by stable morality and are guided by their principles. Professions that require activity and vigorous activity are not suitable for them. People of the dysthymic type appreciate a calm, measured life and choose the same job.
epileptoid type	People of this type of accentuation are driven by emotions. They do not manage their own impulses well, tend to fall into a rage, impulsive, not restrained. AT conflict situations they feel like a fish in water, often start squabbles and scandals themselves. Poorly converge with other people, in the team are not able to maintain a healthy working atmosphere. Subconsciously destroy all relationships, often oppress and suppress weaker individuals.
stuck type	Personalities of this type in literally"get stuck" in their own thoughts, experiences, situations. It is quite difficult for them to switch, they forget insults badly and acutely feel injustice towards themselves. Vengeful, vindictive, prone to protracted conflicts. At the same time, such people like to dominate, clearly define friends and enemies for themselves. Their character is dominated by a selfish affect, to which all his actions are subordinated.
labile type	People of this type are prone to frequent mood swings, react sharply to attention from others. Because of their heightened sensitivity, they often become emotionally distant from their loved ones as a result of some sort of trauma.
Astheno-neurotic type	Hypochondriacs are a prime example of this type of personality. They quickly get tired, irritable, prone to emotional breakdowns. In professional terms, they try to do their job accurately and are very zealous about their duties.
sensitive type	Personalities of this type are sensitive and very impressionable. They often suffer from complexes and feelings of inferiority, often become the object of ridicule. With the right relationship with society, they show kindness and try to help loved ones.
Psychasthenic type	Such people are prone to introspection and excessive reflection. It is difficult for them to make decisions, they weigh all the options for a long time. Them hallmark is an high level self-criticism and reliability, they are not prone to frequent mood swings.
Schizoid type	Such people are distinguished by isolation and an absolute inability to find mutual language with other people. They are characterized by emotional dullness and an almost complete lack of intuition. People schizoid type stable, rich inner world.
hysteroid type	Such people like to be in the center of attention, they are quite selfish, but at the same time they are not self-confident. They do not tolerate blows to their own pride, they are prone to demonstrative behavior.
Unstable type	The main character trait of such people is laziness and unwillingness to lead labor activity. It is difficult for them to concentrate, the ability to self-learn is almost zero. People with an unstable personality type are prone to empty entertainment for the sake of fun. They strive for lack of control over themselves and rarely recognize other people's authorities.
Conformal type	The main feature is the desire not to stand out. These people love to be in the crowd and obey its laws. Conformity and blind faith in public opinion makes them ideal performers and members of society.

Well-known psychological types were identified and described by the Austrian psychiatrist and psychoanalyst C. G. Jung.

His theory of "introversion - extraversion", as well as the four types of perception of the world has developed and continues to develop.

Psychotypes of personality proposed by Jung:

Personality types depending on the vector of its orientation:

An extrovert is a person who is psychologically oriented towards the outside world; sociable, active, active.
- a person focused on the inner world; closed, sensitive, judicious.

Psychological types depending on the predominant way of perceiving life, in other words, on the main mental function:

The thinking type is a person who, in making decisions, mainly relies on logic and thinking. The sphere of feelings is suppressed.
Feeling type - a person focused on, judges in terms of "good - bad", and not logically.
Sensing type - a person who perceives life directly with the senses, he looks, listens, touches and makes a decision based on the information received. they are suppressed.
The intuitive type is a person who relies on a "sixth" sense; such people make decisions based on intuitive, unconscious knowledge, and not on direct sensations.

Based on Jung's typology, in the seventies and eighties of the last century, the Soviet sociologist A. Augustinavichute developed one of the most detailed and reliable personal typologies and became the founder of a scientific direction called "socionics".

A. E. LICCHKO

Another Soviet scientist A.E. Lichko, observing adolescents, identified psychological types that describe the types of character accentuations. Accentuation is an excessive strengthening of individual character traits, psychological deviations that border on psychopathology, but do not go beyond the norm.

In adolescence, crisis age, accentuation is most pronounced.
Later, the character is "smoothed out", and accentuation appears only in crisis,.

K. LEONHARD

The German scientist K. Leonhard proposed a similar classification, but did not limit it to the pubertal period. The classification is based on an assessment of the style of communication of a person with a close environment.

Psychological types according to K. Leonhard:

Hyperthymic. Optimistic, sociable, initiative, active, conflict, irritable, frivolous.
Distimny. Pessimistic, silent, closed, non-conflict, conscientious, fair.
Cycloid. Changeable type, combining hyperthymia and dysthymia.
Excitable. Slow, irritable, sullen, domineering, conscientious, tidy, loving animals and children.
stuck. , inquisitive, fair, ambitious, touchy, suspicious, jealous.
Pedantic. Formalist and neat, serious, reliable, non-conflict, passive, boring.
Anxious. Timid, insecure, defenseless, pessimistic, self-critical, friendly, executive, sensitive.
Emotive. Excessively vulnerable, tearful, passive, kind, compassionate, sympathetic, executive.
Demonstrative. Can be both a leader and an opportunist; self-confident, artistic, courteous, captivating, extraordinary, selfish, boastful, lazy.
Exalted. Extremely sociable, bright and sincere feelings, amorous, altruistic, compassionate, changeable, prone to panic and exaggeration.
Extroverted. Sociable and talkative, open, executive, frivolous, prone to excitement and risk.
introverted. Idealist, closed, philosophizing, non-conflict, principled, restrained, stubborn, stubborn.

Classification of personality psychotypes depending on temperament

Most often, personality typology is compiled on the basis of differences in temperaments and characters of people.

Hippocrates

The first known typology of personality depending on the type of temperament was proposed by the ancient Greek physician Hippocrates. It still remains relevant and popular, although the scientist did not connect the individual typological features of the personality with the properties nervous system(as it is now).

According to Hippocrates, the human psychotype depends on the ratio of various fluids in the body: blood, lymph and two types of bile.

Psychological types of temperament according to Hippocrates:

phlegmatic - a person whose body is dominated by lymph (phlegm), which makes him calm and slow;
melancholic - a person whose body is dominated by black bile (melane chole), which is why he is timid and prone to sadness;
sanguine person - a person in whose body there is a lot of blood (sanguine), mobile and cheerful;
choleric - hot and impulsive, in his body a lot of yellow bile (chole).

For many centuries the doctrine of temperaments has been developed and supplemented. In particular, the German philosopher I. Kant and the Russian physiologist I. P. Pavlov were engaged in this. Today, the names of the types of temperament have remained the same, but the essence has changed.

Temperament is a combination of innate features of the work of higher nervous activity. It depends on the speed and strength of the processes of excitation and inhibition in the brain. Thus, a weak type of higher nervous activity corresponds to the temperament of a melancholic; strong balanced, but inert - phlegmatic; choleric - strong and unbalanced; strong, balanced and mobile - sanguine.

E. KRECHMER

At the beginning of the twentieth century, the German psychiatrist E. Kretschmer singled out Various types personality according to character. This was the first character classification. Kretschmer associated the psychotype of a person with the constitution of his body.

Three types of bodily constitution:

Asthenic. Thin and tall people, they have elongated arms and legs, underdeveloped muscles.
Athletic. People are strong, with well-developed muscles, growth is average or above average.
Picnic. Overweight people with underdeveloped muscles and musculoskeletal system, of medium or small stature.

Since E. Kretschmer was a psychiatrist, he compared personality psychotypes with a tendency to one or another psychopathology and grouped them into two personality types:

Schizothymics are mentally healthy people with an athletic or asthenic physique, vaguely resembling patients with schizophrenia. They are characterized by such character traits: artistry, sensitivity, alienation, selfishness, authority.
Cyclothymics are mentally healthy people with a picnic physique, reminiscent of patients with manic-depressive psychosis. These are cheerful, optimistic, sociable, frivolous people.

The theory of E. Kretschmer was based only on his personal observations, but served as the basis for subsequent, more complex typologies of character. Much later, scientists came to the conclusion that the shape of the body really affects the character and individual typological characteristics of the personality. The relationship between the constitution of the body and the tendency to accentuation of character (extreme normal functioning psyche) and psychopathology does exist.

Classification of personality psychotypes depending on the character

People differ not only in character traits, but also in their attitude to life, society and moral values. Despite the fact that there is a concept of proper behavior, people behave differently.

The German psychoanalyst and sociologist E. Fromm introduced the concept of "social character" and defined it as a kind of identical set of character traits in the personality structure of the majority of members of a particular community. Any community, class or group of people has a certain social character.

The social character was taken as the basis for the classification of psychological personality types.

Psychological personality types according to E. Fromm:

"Masochist-sadist"

A person who is inclined to direct aggression at himself or at other people, if he considers them guilty of ongoing personal failures or problems of the whole society. Such people strive for self-improvement, insecure, punctual, responsible, demanding, domineering, like to terrorize others, justifying their actions with good intentions.

Psychological masochism is almost always combined with sadism. However, there are people more prone to one of the types.

Individual typological features of the "masochist": self-abasement, self-criticism, the tendency to always blame yourself for everything. "Sadist" Fromm defined as an authoritarian person. This is a man-exploiter, imperious and cruel.

"Destroyer"

It does not cause suffering either to itself or to people, but aggressively eliminates the cause of its troubles. In order not to feel powerless and frustrated, a person ends the relationship or interrupts the business he has begun, that is, he uses destructiveness as a means of resolving any trouble. "Destroyers" are usually anxious, desperate, cowardly people, limited in the realization of their capabilities and abilities.

"Conformist-machine"

Unlike the two previous psychological types, the "conformist" is passive. He does not fight, but resigns himself to difficult life circumstances. This is a too labile person who has practically lost his

He is an adaptable person who will change his point of view, behavior, principles, and even type of thinking, if the situation requires it. Such people are immoral, therefore they do not see anything shameful in changing points of view and life values.

This social typology is not better side characterizes people, but reveals the problems of society and remains extremely relevant in our time.

It is impossible to say which of the typologies is better, they complement each other. Any typology of personality allows an individual to know himself and at the same time realize his uniqueness.

The reason for the division into psychotypes

Philosophers and scientists at all times of the existence of a civilized society have tried to distinguish and single out psychological types of people from the diversity of the nature of human nature. Many classifications are based on observations of people, life experience, or the conclusions of the scientist who proposed a particular typology. Only in the last century, in connection with the flourishing of psychology, personality psychotypes became the object of research and received proper scientific justification.

Despite the variety of psychological types that exist today, it can be difficult to determine what type of personality a person belongs to. Often, when reading the classification of types and wanting to find himself, he cannot decide or finds several types at once, similar to the individual typological features of his own personality.

The disadvantage of any typology is that it cannot accommodate all possible personality types, because each person is an individual. It can be said that it rather belongs to one or another type, is more similar to it, or at some moments manifests itself in a similar way.

Any psychotype of a person is a generalization, an attempt to combine into a group close and often observed together qualities, temperamental characteristics, and other individually typological personality traits.

Personality types are often exaggerated and simplified, describing deviant behavior (even psychopathology) or only those personality traits that are pronounced and stereotypical, stereotyped.

Pure types are rare. However, every second person, reading this or that typology or passing a psychological test, easily determines his psychotype and agrees with the characterization given to him.

The more developed the personality of the individual, the more difficult it is for him to attribute himself to one or another type of personality. harmoniously developed personality and a bright individuality hardly "fits" into any individual psychotype.

Despite the imperfection of typologies and personality types, they allow you to understand yourself, notice shortcomings, and identify ways of development. It is easier for people around the individual who know what psychological type he belongs to to build relationships with him and predict behavior in a particular situation.

Personality typology helps professional psychologists to carry out psychodiagnostics of the client. Psychological picture personality necessarily includes a description of his psychotype. Individually typological personality traits are extremely important, because they will tell about temperament, character, abilities, emotional-volitional sphere, orientation, attitudes, motivation and values - about all components of individuality.

There are many pseudo-scientific classifications of psychological types that people use in Everyday life. For example, the division of people depending on the time of day, when there is the greatest activity and ability to work, into "larks" and "owls".

There are a huge number of pseudoscientific tests on the Internet, more entertaining than allowing you to understand yourself. But even such psychological tests have the right to exist, because they give rise to a person's desire to know himself. What psychotypes of people are described in the science of psychology?

No. 1. HYSTEROID PSYCHOTYPE

HYSTEROID- this is an upstart for whom it is important to be in the spotlight. This type receives energy for life from the outside, by receiving emotions from others. At best, emotions of admiration, but if this is tight, then any emotions will suit him. In case of ignoring, he achieves his “doping” with hysteria, hence the definition of this type.

Many other psychotypes build in and educate this quality in themselves, because the hysterical model of behavior attracts more attention, fans, and social significance to the individual.

The appearance of the hysteroid

Brightness, contrast with others. He wants to be different from everyone else.
Plasticity - easy, relaxed gait, flexibility of the hands, ease.

Facial expressions and pantomimics of the hysteroid

He always lives up to his role. Instantly grasps what role you need to get used to, and instantly turns out to be who you need.
Often replays, being overly fond of the game. Sometimes he instantly goes out of character, as soon as the need to shine with his acting talent disappears.
Flirtatious, constantly flirting, showing off, shining, able to keep up a conversation on any topic, but does not have deep knowledge. Therefore, when you need to delve into the topic, he prefers to change the audience so as not to be considered stupid.

Thinking and speech of the hysteroid

Easily suggestible, overly emotional. On emotions, it is easy to catch him and persuade him to cooperate. This is exactly the “find for a spy” that the proverb refers to.
A lot of "I", he is not able to talk about someone other than himself. Constantly draws attention to himself, his beloved.
Good imagery of thinking, great imagination. He talks about nothing.
The erudition is extensive, but not deep. In no case should you be an accountant or other responsible employee.
Unusually artistic, always in different images. All for attraction more attention (energy).

Communication and behavior of the hysteroid

Superficiality - it is easier to change the flock than to delve deeper into the topic of conversation.
The ability to interest
Great manipulative abilities
He loves gifts, although he can coquettishly state that gifts are not important to him. For this type, gifts are more important than for a representative of any other psychological type.
Brawler, starts with half a turn.

PROFESSIONS FOR HYSTEROID:

3. Show business figure

5. Seller. Variety and attention from others is very important.

Motto: "I'M SPECIAL, LOOK AT ME!"

No. 2. epileptoid psychotype

epileptoid- prone to seizures, to a state of passion, irritable. Aimed at the preservation of information, their own well-being. Achieves this by putting things in order everywhere and controlling.

For him, the routine, sleep, food, sex on a schedule is very important. Anyone who brings discord into his life is an enemy. This psychotype can be compared with a balloon that is constantly inflated and is about to burst. It is important for him to constantly deflate in order to avoid an explosion.

An individual of this category is greedy for representatives of the opposite sex to satisfy natural physiological needs, loves food because it helps to maintain vitality and health, loves order in business, because everything should be on the shelves and that's right. Often he teaches others about life.

He does not like displays of emotion. All government bodies built according to their template, that is, everything according to the instructions. They make good accountants and administrators.

It has a scanner running all the time. He subconsciously determines strong people, determines weaknesses in a person and knows how to use this information for his own good.

Very executive type, controlling, disciplined. It will succeed where you need to dig deep. Good specialist narrow profile.

Appearance of the epileptoid:

Strong constitution, well developed muscle mass. Athletic physique.
A well-defined chin, a strong jaw, possibly thick eyebrows and powerful brow ridges.
heavy look
Short functional hairstyle
Accuracy
Script clothing. That is, if it is customary in a certain place to be dressed in something specific, he will dress that way. Even if the situation turns out that circumstances have changed. For example, the weather is not the same. But he will endure the weather, but he will dress properly.

Facial expressions and pantomimics of the epileptoid:

Restrained
Limited by certain stereotypes
Sharpness with those who prevent him from performing certain functions and distract from the performance of duty

Thinking and speech of an epileptoid:

Clearly focused on action, not empty blah blah. These are the ideal soldiers. In moments of danger, the brain turns off and reflexes turn on. Resolves issues as they arise without panicking.
The individual depends on physiological needs - food, sleep, sex.
Coarse or neutral translational
Clumsiness, clumsiness
Doesn't like to explain

Communication and behavior of the epileptoid:

Responsibility. But if they sit on his neck, he quickly notices this, and gets rid of the manipulator ruthlessly
Subordination, it is difficult to let people into your circle. Very reserved in expressing feelings.
Even aggressiveness is possible to test the strength of a recruit. Thus, weeds out those who do not fit next to him.
Revenge, remembers insult for a long time
Trying to control everything
Can't sell

Emotions, feelings of an epileptoid:

The process of discharge is important, there will be no tenderness
Manipulates a partner

PROFESSIONS FOR EPILEPTOID

1. Monotonous affairs (accounting, tax accounting, administration)

2. Power structures (army, police)

3. Local level officials

4. Guards

Motto: "EVERYTHING SHOULD BE RIGHT"

No. 3. PARANOYAL PSYCHOTYPE

PARANOYAL- is called upon to make a global reform, to transform the world. Capable of driving human resource in order to achieve a great goal. Without pity, without conscience, he will pass over the bones to complete the task.

Unlike the previous type, he knows the goal, but does not know HOW to go to it. But having chosen a direction, he will reach the goal, no matter what it costs him. He inspires and motivates others to carry out their own programs.

Inclined to a Spartan lifestyle, thinks little about health. Often the stomach "flies", thanks to hard work, dedication in the name of an idea.

It is dangerous for him to get help. When he needs it, he will receive debt in the amount that he needs. He has no irreplaceable people. As soon as one person (screw) wears out, he will replace him with another.

He can easily steal an idea, he is a workaholic, cruel and without rules.

Appearance paranoiac:

Tension, officialdom, as a core.
Commitment to style, depending on your own goal. He carries his idea with clothes.
Status of your own style

Facial expressions and pantomimics of the paranoid:

Total suppression of emotions
Cynical, suspicious look (tense lower eyelid)
Lips become thinner through self-control
Gesticulation motivating, wider than that of an epileptoid
Cutting and stabbing movements
There is an accusation in the speech, very suspicious

Thinking and speech of the paranoid:

Not suggestible. To influence it, it is necessary to destroy the halo of the goal, to introduce a shadow of doubt. Another way is to hint at the transience of life, that he may not have time to complete his mission on earth.
Speech is even, strong, reasoned, inspiring
Knows how to convince
Focused on business

Emotional and sensual sphere of the paranoid:

There is no time for love, he chooses a partner as needed - who is more suitable for business.
Wedding - staging for the right people
Uses partner to achieve own goals, often very cynical
This is a strategist, in partnership, an hysteroid is most suitable for him - he will work as a beautiful screen in his affairs. Either the epileptoid is the executor of his grandiose plans.

PROFESSIONS FOR PARANOYAL:

1. Lawyer

2. Important career. Seller with the opportunity to become a director

3. Politician

4. High level official

Motto: "The end justifies the means"

No. 4 (5). EMOTIONAL (OR SENSITIVE) PSYCHOTYPE

EMOTIONAL- man - God's dandelion. He is kind to everything that surrounds him. He wants to harmonize, humanize everything around.

This is a brilliant actor, because he does not dress the role, but lives the life of the hero he plays. They have extraordinary empathy for people, they are very sensitive to any manifestations of lies. But they will never offend a partner with suspicion.

A person does not know how to refuse people, and others take advantage of this. Often the emotive promises more than it can deliver due to the inability to say NO. From this follows his optionality, some things he simply cannot do.

This is the most true psychotype. He will never cheat on his partner, he will wait for him all his life if fate separates them. Often they love unrequitedly, while the other side lives with another partner.

If the emotive one flared up, then he is very worried, tormented by feelings of guilt, etc.

Appearance of emotive:

Dressed with taste, cute, aesthetically pleasing, harmonious, comfortable. The tones are calm and soft.
Women most often long hair
No contrasts
Proper facial features

Mimics and pantomimes of the emotive:

Sad, mournful, poignant.
sincerity, naturalness
kindness, honesty
romanticism
Tact

Thinking and speech of emotive:

Reflects premonitions, experiences of the individual
Quiet
melodic
apologetic
Competent
Knows how to listen

Communication and behavior of emotive:

benevolence
Vedomosti
Hyperresponsibility
Shyness, shyness
Patience
Reliability
sacrifice
Inability to say NO
Guilt
Love is a deep feeling
Can't deceive

PROFESSIONS FOR EMOTION

1. Teacher, educator

2. Nanny, nurse, doctor

3. Psychologist

4. Designer

5. Actor, poet, artist

Motto: "Guys, let's live together"

No. 6. PSYCHOTYPE HYPERTHYM

HYPERTIM- eternal child. Lives to receive new emotions, through high social activity.

He lives quickly, immediately enters into communication. This is an emotional addict, he feeds on new experiences, adrenaline. Likes adventure.

Rarely works in one place, on one project. He cares about freedom.

This is the perfect seller as long as there is a sense of novelty

Thinking and speech hyperthymia:

Focus on instant problem solving
Excitedly
Adrenaline, hinge inside
"Simplicity is worse than theft." He can give away sensitive information without thinking about the consequences.
Emotionally colored

Appeal and behavior of hyperthym:

Nothing binding
Orientation to emotions, novelty
Unreliability
Love is like entertainment. Pickup, Free Love - for him
Noisy, restless, like all children
Active
Positive, sociable, adrenaline junkie

Appearance of hyperthym:

Functional (dressed to be everywhere). Dispositions to itself, but it is impossible to put on responsible posts
Some disorder due to haste

Facial expressions and pantomimics of hyperthymia:

moving, bright
Other-Oriented
Fast-paced, full of ideas. It is important to write down these ideas, otherwise the hypertrim quickly switches and gets distracted.
Sweeping
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PROFESSIONS FOR HYPERTHYM:

1. Tour guide

2. Teacher, counselor

3. Animator, host at the wedding

Motto: "Oh, grief is not a problem!"

No. 7. SCHIZOID PSYCHOTYPE

SCHIZOID- strange, "not of this world." They live in their own world, they seem not quite adequate from the point of view of other people. A prime example is Dr. Brown from Back to the Future.

Constantly looking for something new. Not necessarily this new will be practical and necessary, but he is fully involved in the process.

Society does not accept him, he is an object of ridicule. Therefore, often the schizoid withdraws into himself, goes into the virtual world of the Internet. Nobody understands him, so he rejoices and opens up to those who understand him. It is through this channel that it is easy to ingratiate himself with him.

He doesn't understand life. Starting one thing, you can end up with the opposite. A creative person, trying to learn everything, a deep inner world. He does not feel time. It doesn't have to be in order.

Thinking and speech of the schizoid:

Philosophizing
Designing something new that doesn't exist yet. Not necessarily helpful
non-standard
Doesn't know life
Slurred speech
Confusion of the speech algorithm

Communication, schizoid behavior

incomprehensible
Communicates with those who understand him
Irresponsibility
Easily vulnerable
Assimilates stereotypes

Appearance of the schizoid:

Hooded clothing, hood, earmuffs
Something new, out of the ordinary
Untidy
Untidy hairstyle
Strange, it's a white crow
Possible beard
Hands get in the way
Unusual posture
Likes backpacks and big bags

Facial expressions and pantomimics of the schizoid

This is an orchestra in which everyone plays what they want.
He does not understand his size, so he is rather clumsy
Splitting - can be in several processes at once
Complexly structured speech
Does not understand jokes, reacts inadequately

PROFESSIONS FOR SCHIZOID:

1. Programmer

2. Inventor, if you have the ability

3. Minimal interaction with people

ADDITIONAL PSYCHOTIES

No. 8. PSYCHASTENOID PSYCHOTYPE

PSYCHASTENOID- an unusually timid and indecisive person. He will talk for hours about empty, uninteresting things in order not to take decisive action. He is more afraid of making decisions than nuclear war. He is terribly suspicious, shy, always afraid for his loved ones, which is able to drive them into a frenzy. An ideal performer, trouble-free at work. What is used by all and sundry.

Appearance of a psychasthenoid

Just in case, meticulously accurate, because he is afraid of trouble. With the help of impeccable appearance trying to neutralize additional fears
Tones of clothes are gray, beige. Tries to be inconspicuous so as not to draw attention to himself
He wears the same clothes for a long time, which is why he lags behind fashion
Women hide their hair in a ponytail or bun. They say about such women: "Gray mouse."

Facial expressions and pantomimics of the psychastenoid

Without vivid emotions
Extremely indecisive
Often on the face of a frozen emotion of sadness
The movements are minimally sweeping, not brought to the end.

Thinking and speech of a psychasthenoid

Speaks quietly, uncertainly, "eats" the ending of words
stutters
Doesn't use gestures to illustrate speech
When talking, does not look into the eyes, lowers the jaw
Doesn't expect attention from people. And if someone took care of him, the psychasthenoid will remember this for a lifetime

Communication and behavior of the psychastenoid

He never asks for anything because he is afraid of rejection.
Prefers loneliness
Finds a more courageous and decisive person, and voluntarily submits to him
Faithful in friendship, as it is difficult to meet new people

No. 9. HYPOTHYM

HYPOTHYM- a terribly negative pessimistic type. Also, low self-esteem. Depression is his eternal state. Eternal self-digging brings him to madness.

Appearance hypothyma

He is wary of everyone, takes offense at the slightest provocation for a long time.
In dire need of friends to complain about life, but repels everyone around him
Makes new acquaintances with difficulty, almost does not start at all

Facial expressions and pantomime hypothyma

Always sad and angry. On the face of the emotion of sadness and anger
Tries to be less visible to avoid possible shocks
Behind the mask of a bore, he can show affection and support to loved ones. But he does not know how to accept gratitude, therefore, after he has helped, he can retire, or even be rude.

Thinking and speech hypothyma

Doesn't like and can't communicate
avoids people
Speech is poorly developed, although it can be well intellectually savvy

Communication and behavior hypothyma

Never expecting anything good
Able to spoil the mood of any person, even the most positively minded
Constantly analyzes his mistakes, even the most insignificant ones. Inflates them to the size of the universe and suffers. Lists himself as a loser, and revels in his torment.
Works conscientiously, treats the results of his work with special criticality
Chooses a profession where he can be in solitude and peace

The motto of the hypothyma is “Not everything is as bad as it seems. Everything is much worse.”

No. 10. CONFORMAL

CONFORMAL- a representative of the gray mass of opportunists. Quickly changes his mind as soon as he gets under the influence of a new leader. Always supports the one in whom he sees an authoritative person.

Appearance conformal

As everybody

Facial expressions and pantomime conformal

ingratiating

Thinking and speech conformal

Never have an opinion
Captures the general mood of the crowd well, and vividly voices the general opinion

Communication and conforming behavior

Tries to be comfortable with the one he considers the leader

The motto is "Think like everyone else, do like everyone else, and so that everything is like everyone else."

No. 11. UNSTABLE

UNSTABLE- Extremely mobile, incapable of concentration. Absolutely not having his own opinion, and easily falling under the influence of any person.

No. 12. ASTENIQUE

ASTENIQUE- Extremely tired, painful, suspicious. Unusually capricious, greenhouse flower.

No. 13. LABILE

LABILE- a person with strong mood swings from minor events. Any little thing can piss him off, at the same time, the same little thing brings him into a state of joyful ecstasy.

No. 14. CYCLOD

CYCLOD- a person with cyclical mood swings. Completely unpredictable and unbalanced. mood changes without visible reasons. In life, it is very difficult to communicate.

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Psychologists have a joke that clearly shows how representatives of five psychotypes behave according to psychogeometry: five buses approached, in which representatives of all 5 figures must sit down.
Circles - climbed into the bus cheerfully, joker, joking with each other, sat down in threes on the seats, as a result, they climbed more than necessary.
Triangles - each tried to push the other away, and they sat down one by one, trying to take best places at the beginning of the bus and clearly one for two seats, as a result, they fit two times less than there were seats on the bus.
Squares - disciplined entered, carefully sat down, clearly followed the instructions, delivered the least amount of trouble.
Rectangles - they had to be driven into the bus, someone was afraid to enter, someone got lost at the station, someone did not know how to enter and asked to explain to him, it took the most time to seat them.
Zigzags - they climbed into the bus by all means, someone through the window, someone through the sunroof, sat down too, who was much better, began to give advice to the driver on how best to drive the bus, an exchange of ideas began on what could be improved in this bus .
This joke clearly and quickly shows all five psychotypes that were created by Susan Dellinger, an American psychologist. She called her theory - psychogeometry, since all her psychotypes are associated with one of the main geometric shapes. MirSovetov together with you will try to understand psychogeometry and see how you can quickly determine the psychotype.

small test

How can one determine which type according to psychogeometry a particular person belongs to? Give him a piece of paper and a pen and ask him to draw three of the five basic geometric shapes (square, triangle, circle, zigzag, rectangle). The first drawn figure will be the main psychotype of a person, the other two are additional. According to psychologists, people rarely have a pronounced one psychotype, most often they are mixed types, with a predominance of one main type. For example, the leader is a triangle, and inside is a conservative square. Or a soft circle, and the second figure of this person is a creative zigzag.
A similar test can be done with relatives or friends, and work colleagues can be tested. It is also suitable for job interviews. But what if you need to quickly determine the psychotype of the interlocutor, for example, a client or a buyer, in order to know how to communicate with him, interact, offer certain services or goods? In this case, asking to draw figures on paper will not work. Then it is necessary to know the main features of the five psychotypes, each of which has its own geometric figure.

Triangle

These are leaders in all spheres of life, business and politics. As a rule, for many leaders, the main figure in psychogeometry is the triangle. How to define them? They are expensively and tastefully dressed, they love pretentious and status things, prestigious cars. They have the latest computer technology and mobile phones. They like elite alcohol, cigars. Workplace- expensively furnished, with status accessories. They value quality in everything. Their speech is imperious, with elements of orders, fast and clear. They don't like being challenged. They believe that they are better than others in many respects and better than others in many ways. They make decisions quickly and are able to take responsibility for those decisions. It is important for them to be very informed. They catch information on the fly, they know how to understand it. They often do several things at once. Their weakness is in excessive despotism and vanity.

Square

Conservative and accurate pedants. They can often be found among accountants, officials, administrators, business executives of companies. They are always neatly and cleanly dressed, shaved, combed, shoes polished. Clothing is not always fashionable and stylish, but practical and comfortable. The workplace is clean, tidy, everything is in its place. When choosing a car, they are guided by maximum practicality and efficiency. Obedient, respectful of the authorities, clearly follow the rules, standards, orders, instructions. They are able to work with various documents and figures. Attentive to the smallest details. Executive and reliable. If they are entrusted with a task, they will complete it on time, even if they have to sacrifice their personal time. Speech - calm, without emotional outbursts, sometimes a little boring. Them weakness- psychological relationships and various intrigues.

A circle

Sociable, cheerful, sociable. If you have a “soul of the company” at work, then this is definitely a circle in psychogeometry. Communication for them is the highest life value. They love to practice community service, collect money for birthdays and other events, organize various events, corporate parties, parties. They can "cry in the vest", they will always understand and listen, and also give advice. Circles are innate psychologists who are well versed in the intricacies of human relationships. Optimistic and emotionally stable. They are the most active visitors of social networks. The workplace is often a mess in which they look for something for a long time, because the material world is not so important to them. On the table are photos of family or friends, a lot of souvenirs. They prefer soft and comfortable clothes, for example, warm knitted sweaters, delicate blouses, etc. It is the circles that most often have pets with which they willingly mess around. Cars are small bright colors, inside are decorated with various small animals, pillows. Speech is emotional, with many shades and nuances, they love humor, jokes, jokes. Their weakness is that they can quickly fall under the influence of others and are sometimes dependent on the opinions of others.

Zigzag

This is the most creative psychotype. Original and creative, literally gushing with new and interesting ideas. These are the inventors creative personalities for whom the most important life value is creative self-realization. They are non-standard in everything, from the manner of dressing to the workplace. On the desktop - they still have that mess, but at the same time, they manage to understand it perfectly, always quickly looking for desired paper or detail. The speech is fast, incendiary, they are in a hurry to say a lot, while they care little about whether they were understood at all. Sometimes, if they are interrupted, they will even wonder why it was their fiery speech that was stopped. Clothes are either weird, unkempt, because they don't want to waste precious time of their lives on such nonsense as clothes. Or the second option is emphatically theatrical, artsy, non-standard. There are many zigzags in the world of fashion, show business, cinema. They are legislators new fashion. They like to draw attention to themselves with something unusual. Their vulnerability is that they are too changeable and fickle.

Rectangle

The most unstable figure of psychogeometry. They are almost all children, as well as other figures when they are under stress. Although some people are so infantile and dependent on the opinions of others that they remain rectangles for many years. This is a figure of growth, a certain stage in a person's life. Rectangles still do not know or understand much, they ask questions more often than others, they are curious and they are interested in many things. They willingly listen to various explanations, go on excursions, read the opinions and comments of other people. They often have not yet formed their own opinion, so they willingly adopt the opinions of other people. In clothes - they change styles in clothes, constantly copying someone. Workplace - can change, in the morning - order, in the evening - a mess on the table. Cars - they buy, strictly following the principle of "what the rest drive." They often overestimate or underestimate own forces. When the rest of the figures, according to psychogeometry, fall into stressful condition, they become unstable rectangles: indefinite, oscillating. For example, strong and powerful triangles begin to drink, squares become chaotic and sloppy, circles close in on themselves and are silent, and zigzags sit on an armchair and look at the ceiling or out the window, and do not want to do anything.
So, MirSovetov considered five figures in psychogeometry with their main and hallmarks. Now you can quickly determine among your friends, relatives and colleagues which of them belongs to which psychotype.

According to the most striking character traits inherent at first glance different people, psychologists combine them into several groups, which are called psychotypes. There are many classifications of psychotypes, because each psychologist who studies them has his own criteria. Therefore, they are all rather conditional and subjective.

Psychotypes of people

For example, the German psychiatrist Karl Leonhard identified the following psychotypes:

1. Hyperactive

Here he attributed people who are energetic, proactive, sociable, talkative, optimistic, who cannot stand monotony and loneliness. These are people of action. On the one hand, they are a godsend for the employer and the soul of any company. But on the other hand, it is not easy to deal with such people, because they are authoritarian, put their own opinion above all else, do not recognize other people's rules, which is why they often come into conflict with those who disagree with them or try to put them in a framework. .

2. Distimny

People of this type are the opposites of the previous one. They are laconic, closed, slow and passive. Big and noisy companies are not for them. They are selective in choosing friends, so their social circle is rather small, but it includes people whom they trust and with whom they feel comfortable.

People of a distimic psychotype prefer to be led, but they do not blindly follow everyone who claims to be a leader. They obey only those to whom they feel sympathy and trust.

Distimniki avoid conflicts and even more so are not their initiator. They can be entrusted with painstaking work that requires perseverance and attentiveness - work that people of a hyperactive psychotype do not tolerate.

3. Cycloid

As the name suggests, these people's behavior is cyclical and depends on their mood. If it is bad, they are silent and withdrawn, like people of a dysthymic psychotype. If good, they are talkative and sociable, like a hyperactive person.

4. Excitable

One who lives in the neighborhood, works or is a relative of a person belonging to an excitable psychotype, you will not envy. At a time when he is calm, you can communicate with him, but this state of his is short-lived. He easily gets excited - and then beware!

He is annoyed by other people's children, animals, views, orders. It seems to him that he is ignored, offended, not respected. And then he gives vent to irritation and anger, grumbles, enters into conflicts, so they try to avoid him as much as possible.

5. Stuck

Suspicious, touchy, vengeful, conceited and incredibly boring. Thanks to these qualities, people of this type are often the initiators of conflicts.

6. Pedantic

Bureaucrats are about people of this psychotype. They love order and accuracy in everything and sometimes just harass those around them with their demands. Employers treat them favorably, but the rest shun them, considering them boring and annoying, preferring brighter and more interesting people.

7. Alarming

The name of this psychotype speaks for itself: these people are timid, indecisive and lack of initiative. In difficult situations, when making decisions, they need support and support. They are characterized by a minor, oppressive mood. They are often sad, depressed, melancholy. Decline of spirit, depression, despondency - a state familiar to them. In the team they are often chosen as extreme - the so-called scapegoats.

8. Emotive

The name comes from the word emotional - emotional. People of this psychotype are impressionable, sensitive, kind-hearted, compassionate and responsive. The main place in their life is occupied by feelings and experiences. They are efficient and very responsible.

9. Demonstrative

People of a demonstrative psychotype love to be in the spotlight and consider themselves the standard of behavior. They are sociable, but at the same time they love intrigue and gossip. Still would! After all, intriguing and pushing those around them with their foreheads, they themselves catch fish in muddy water: Get what you want. Namely, leadership and power. They imitate active activity more than develop it in reality.

10. Exalted

These are people with bright and sincere feelings and experiences. The simplest things and events cause them unbridled delight, stormy emotional reaction. They often overestimate their own appearance, abilities and capabilities, as well as these same qualities in other people.

But their enthusiasm and liveliness are easily replaced by despair, longing and despondency, if something does not go the way they would like. What other people perceive as a slight disappointment becomes a disaster for people of an exalted psychotype.

Dramatically changing mood - from stormy delight to sudden depression - main feature exalted person. By the way, people of this type are often owners good taste, from which outstanding artists, designers, etc. are obtained.

They are amorous, affectionate, compassionate and talkative. Because of the imbalance, they are prone to alarmism.

11. Extroverted

People belonging to this psychotype are united by sociability and sociability. They have many friends and acquaintances, they are talkative, but they themselves know how to listen carefully. Avoid conflicts or play a passive role in them. They are executive, but somewhat frivolous and easily fall under the influence of others.

12. Introverted

These people are closed, restrained, they are prone to philosophizing and loneliness. They are principled and stubborn, insisting on their own even when they know they are wrong. They are credited with emotional coldness and lack of attachment to anyone.

Having become acquainted with each psychotype, you can determine your own and correct some of the traits of your character that interfere with work and personal life. It is worth noting that there is hardly any “pure” psychotype. Each person usually recognizes himself in two, three, or even more psychotypes.

Psychogeometry

Another curious division of people into psychotypes was proposed by the American psychologist Susan Dellinger. Psychogeometry is the name of its theory. What is the geometry here? According to the theory of Susan Dellinger, each person is associated with a certain geometric figure. Of course, here, too, there is no “pure” psychotype, but there is a mixed one, in which one main type predominates. So, these are circles, triangles, squares, rectangles and zigzags.

circle people

These are people who are called the soul of the company: they are cheerful, sociable and optimistic. Not a single event, whether it's a corporate party, someone's birthday or an ordinary party, takes place without their active participation.

They are good psychologists, they are trusted, people come to them to “cry”, get support and useful advice. They have little "live" communication, so they are frequenters of social networks, where they have many friends with whom they actively correspond.

Circle people love wildlife: they give birth to pets, which become almost full members of the family, plant flowers. And thanks to these hobbies, they find like-minded people and further expand their circle of acquaintances.

Among the shortcomings of people-circles can be attributed dislike for order and some dependence on the opinions of others, as a result of which they often fall under outside influence.

triangle people

It is the triangle people who most often occupy leadership positions in business, politics and other areas of life, because they make decisions quickly and are not afraid to take responsibility. They catch on the fly new information, know how to operate it and are able to simultaneously perform or control the execution of several tasks. It is impossible to disobey their orders: they give them quickly, clearly and competently.

It is not surprising that triangle people prefer expensive things that emphasize the status of their owner, be it clothes, a car, a smartphone, alcohol, etc.

These people do not tolerate objections, they are somewhat despotic and conceited.

square people

They are neat and pedantic. They do not allow themselves to be sloppy in anything: their things do not scream about status, they can be unfashionable and inexpensive, but they are always in perfect order. The same can be said about their workplace: here everything always lies in its place. When buying a car or other necessary things, square people primarily proceed from practical considerations.

They make good administrators, accountants, business executives, officials. Numbers, documents, orders, instructions - what bores others, their element, where they feel like a fish in water. They are executive, reliable, calm and not prone to an open display of emotions.

Rectangle People

These are mentally unstable people. When everything turns out the way they would like, they are overwhelmed with joy and love: “Life is good!”. But now the white stripe is replaced by black, and their mood changes dramatically. They do not know how to withstand troubles and failures.

They give up, and from cheerful optimists they instantly turn into gloomy pessimists and whiners. Their self-esteem changes just as quickly: it either rises rapidly, or falls just as rapidly. Their mood can be judged by the state of their desktop: on it is either an ideal order, or a blatant mess.

They are somewhat infantile, immature, and lack firm convictions of their own. Their opinion fluctuates, like a weather vane in the wind, depending on the opinions of others. They tend to copy not only someone else's opinion, but also behavior, habits, preferences. For example, when buying a car, they are not guided by their own interests, but pay attention to what brand other people choose. In the same way, they copy someone else's style in clothes, manners, because, due to self-doubt, they are not able to determine their own.

According to Susan Dellinger, all psychogeometric types in stress become like rectangle people.

Zigzag people

Inventive, creative, emotional, incendiary - this is how people of this psychotype can be characterized. Their behavior is different non-standard, it is impossible to predict. They are unusual in everything: in the manner of speaking, dressing, decorating their home. Zigzag people, as a rule, choose creative professions for themselves. They like to be different and attract everyone's attention. These people are mostly windy and fickle.

A little humor

You can determine your psychotype by reading the description of each of them. But Susan Dellinger also offers two funny tests.

In accordance with first you need to choose and draw three of the five above-mentioned geometric shapes. The first one, which a person will depict, will determine his main psychotype. The next two figures drawn by him will show additional character traits, because, as you know, people are not "pure" psychotypes, but mixed, with a predominance of one.

In second The test is asked to answer 5 questions and, depending on the answer, determine your psychogeometric type.

So, we get on the bus and:

we quickly take empty seats for ourselves and our companion, after which we continue a cheerful conversation, involving others in it;
we choose a better place, then we delve into our thoughts and stubbornly do not notice anyone until we reach our stop;
are looking for free place. If we find, we sit down, if there is none, we calmly ride standing;
we feel uncomfortable because we would prefer a taxi;
we stop near the driver without the desire to go to the middle of the bus. We willingly enter into a conversation both with him and with the rest of the passengers.

In the first case, a circle man got on the bus, in the second - a triangle, in the third - a square, in the fourth - a rectangle, and in the fifth - a zigzag.