Wooden frame wall structures. How a frame house is assembled: the best options. Tools and materials

Frame housing construction is notable for the fact that houses are built very quickly. They can be placed on almost any soil due to their low weight. There is an opinion that frame houses are temporary houses. However, it is not. If the building is erected according to all the rules, it costs quite a long time, and it is convenient to live in it.

It is not difficult to build such a house even by yourself. But for this you need to know the structure of the frame house.

Foundation

Like every house, a frame house also begins with a foundation. Since the weight of the building is small, a shallow strip foundation is usually constructed, which is inexpensive and easy to do.

For the construction of the foundation, a site is marked in the place where the house will stand. The site is being leveled. Marking is done with rope and pegs.

The strip foundation is called strip foundation because it is a concrete strip that runs under each wall of the future house.

If the soil is good, then it is enough to deepen the strip foundation by 80 cm - 1 meter. But still, it is recommended to deepen the foundation to the depth of soil freezing. For Russia, the middle lane, this is 1.5 meters.

According to the markup, trenches are dug to the desired depth. Crushed stone is poured at the bottom of the trench, and sand is poured on top of it. Such a pillow is carefully compacted. Then formwork is constructed from boards or other suitable material. Reinforcement is mounted inside the formwork.

For reinforcement, a metal rod 10-12 mm thick is used. The rod is knitted with a knitting wire so that the reinforcement is a lattice with a step of 25-30 cm. It is not recommended to use welding to fasten the rod. The formwork is raised above the ground by 50 cm. This is how much the foundation will rise above ground level.

When the reinforcement is completed, you need to prepare the concrete mixture. Since you need to pour the foundation at one time, it is best to use a concrete mixer to prepare concrete. The proportions of cement, sand and gravel are 1/3/5.

In order for the concrete to come out of high quality, washed sand with medium or large grains and cement of a grade not lower than M200 are used.

After the concrete mixture is in the formwork, it is compacted with a vibrator so that the solution is evenly distributed between the reinforcement bars. If there is no vibrator, you can use an ordinary bayonet shovel.

Now the foundation should gain strength. This is also a very important stage of construction, since the strength of the entire building depends on the strength of the foundation.

The design dries for 4-6 weeks. During drying, in hot weather, it is recommended to cover the concrete tape with rags soaked in water. When it rains, cover with plastic.

After the foundation tape dries and gains strength, you can begin to build a house.

Construction of a frame house

The house is called a frame house because it is a wooden frame mounted on a foundation. This frame is insulated and sheathed with finishing materials. Outside and inside.

Building a frame house with your own hands is elementary simple. Below, along the perimeter of the house, a square wooden beam is placed. This is the so-called lower crown. It is placed on a foundation tape, on which two layers of roofing material have been previously laid for waterproofing.

Then, on the beam, with the help of a tenon-groove connection, the frame racks are attached.

It is not recommended to use metal parts for fasteners.

Racks are made of timber and boards. Timber, which is installed vertically, gives the house additional strength.

But, sometimes they manage with some boards. The dimensions of the board depend on the planned thickness of the walls.

It is recommended to install racks of boards at a distance of about 60 cm from each other. The same distance is subsequently left between the roof rafters. Triangles are made at the corners, which also give additional strength to the structure.

After the racks are installed, the upper crown of timber is mounted on top. The ceiling will be attached to the upper crown, and the floor boards will be attached to the lower one.

Floor device in a frame house

Before laying the floor, a layer of expanded clay is poured between the foundation strips.

The floor can be made of wood or concrete. In the case of a concrete floor, a layer of concrete is simply poured onto the expanded clay, a cement screed is made, and linoleum, carpet is laid on top, or some other coating is mounted.

To make a wooden floor, you need to lay logs on the lower crown, and lay floorboards on the logs.

It is recommended to make additional insulation from sheets of any suitable insulation. You can use both foam and mineral wool. Penoflex or some other material with good thermal insulation characteristics.

In the case of a wooden floor, the insulation is placed between the expanded clay and the floor boards. With such insulation, it is recommended to make a vapor barrier made of foil polyethylene, which is attached to the insulation boards using double-sided tape.

If the floor is cement, then the insulation can be mounted both under the cement screed and above it, under the floor covering. Of course, in the second case, the insulation sheets must be sufficiently rigid.

Wall insulation

The fabricated frame of the house will be clad inside and out. Between the cladding and the thermal insulation is attached. This is the arrangement of the walls of the frame house.

And do not forget that foil polyethylene is mounted on the inside of the house for vapor barrier. It is mounted between the insulation and the inner surface of the finish.

On the outside, reliable waterproofing must be made, which would protect the insulation from precipitation and moisture. It can be roofing felt, or another suitable material. Vapor barrier should also be, the same as on the inside.

If mineral wool is used as a heater, then it should be dense slabs. Otherwise, the cotton wool will sink down under its own weight.

The choice of insulation must be approached responsibly. After all, the house should be warm.

External cladding

Many materials can be used as cladding on the outside. For example, it can be lining or tongue-and-groove boards. The boards must be used exactly tongue-and-groove so that there are no gaps between them. You can also use ordinary boards, but you need to mount them with an overlap, herringbone. You can also use facing bricks. You can clad the house on the outside with OSB boards and sheathe it with siding.

Interior decoration

For interior decoration, drywall is most often used. This material is easy to install, and all the defects that may occur during the installation process are very easy to putty. A flat surface is formed, suitable for both wallpapering and painting. However, for interior decoration, you can use both chipboard and plywood. Simply drywall is preferable.

Roof installation

First, the so-called "black ceiling" is made. To do this, a flooring from various wastes of wooden production is attached to the upper crown. A layer of expanded clay is poured on top of the flooring.

The rafters are attached to the top beam. The distance between the rafters is also 60 cm. This gives even greater integrity to the entire frame. Roofing material is attached to the rafters. His choice depends only on the desire of the owner and on the budget. This is a brief description of the roof structure of a frame house.

The most popular roofing material is corrugated board. This material is produced in different sizes, weights and colors. can be performed by a person without roofing experience.

Metal tile is also a popular building material that combines many positive qualities: excellent appearance, high performance, ease of installation and ease of maintenance. The process of installing a metal tile with your own hands is considered in detail.

Ondulin is a roofing material with good characteristics. Installation of ondulin, by the way, as well as installation of bituminous tiles, can be carried out for sheathing roofs of any type. It is an economical, environmentally friendly, beautiful and high-quality material. The installation of ondulin is described in more detail, which considers a step-by-step process.

Finishing touches

Installation of windows and doors. As windows, it is best to use high-quality plastic double-glazed windows that hold heat well. Well, the front door, too, of course, must be insulated. Inside the house, between rooms, partitions are installed.

Here, with a relatively small cost, it turned out to be quite a decent house suitable for habitation.

Video about important rules for the rigidity of a frame house

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Classmates

A frame house is one of the most affordable and budget options for suburban construction.

But as soon as it is laid down, an equally important stage begins: a device that has its own characteristics in such buildings.

They should definitely be studied before starting construction work in order to avoid a major overhaul of the entire structure in the near future.

For frame house frame wall structures have only two types:

1. Carriers, which have increased resistance to impacts and mechanical loads: both vertical and horizontal. They are usually made from a solid board or giant I-beams. Doorways in load-bearing walls are assembled using at least 2 lintels fastened with nails in 2 rows, which avoids their deformation.
2. Non-bearing (internal), which serve as partitions for dividing the building into rooms and are not designed to withstand the weight of the building. Lintels over doorways in such cases should have a width equal to the width of the uprights and be made of material more than 40 mm thick.

Reference! Internal partitions designed for zoning living space are often made of 40x100 timber, since they do not need a thick layer of insulation. For load-bearing walls, materials with a cross section of at least 50x150, and preferably 50x250, are taken in order to be able to increase the thickness of the heat-insulating layer.

materials

What material are the walls of frame houses made of? If you have chosen frame houses for your housing: wall material can be completely different.

It is determined not only by aesthetic properties, but also by the ability to withstand certain loads, climatic and relief features of the site, weight and other characteristics.

For the device of wooden frame walls and partitions, they mainly use:

1. wooden beam made from softwood or maple wood. Its cross section is square, and the standard size is 150x150. Thicker timber (150x200 and 200x200) is ideal for multi-storey buildings or houses with an attic.
2. Edged board from coniferous wood. The cross section of the racks is usually 50x150.
3. Wooden I-beam, which is two timber beams fastened with a jumper from OSB-plate. It allows you to freely adjust the shelves depending on the thickness of the insulation and the size of the foundation. According to experts, the use of such a material minimizes the risk of deformation of the frame during shrinkage of the structure and provides better thermal insulation.
4. Materials for outer and inner cladding of the frame. These include both standard wooden boards and prefabricated panel-type structures made of OSB boards, hydrophobic plywood or boards. And the use of magnesite sheets is also allowed. At the same time, it is important that the materials are well dried and that there are no cracks and defects in them, which can later cause shrinkage and destruction of the house. As an antifungal protection, they must be treated with special antiseptic compounds.
5. . They are soft - insulation based on fiberglass, basalt wool - and hard - polystyrene foam and its extruded modification - type.
6. Decoration Materials. These include vinyl and metal siding. The latter is characterized by increased strength, easy installation and high corrosion resistance. Vinyl siding attracts with its lighter weight and a large selection of colors, but it is afraid of temperature changes and direct sunlight. And also often used is a block house (calibrated boards with an oval transverse profile and a lock joint, which outwardly completely resemble a rounded log) and imitation of a bar (panels with a rectangular section and bevelled corners). Frame houses with artificial stone, acrylic coatings and decorative plaster look very elegant.
7. designed to protect the house from blowing and moisture. It looks like a roll material resembling a film, but at the same time vapor-permeable to prevent freezing of the insulation in the wall during the winter season. Mostly for these purposes, they buy a diffusion membrane for waterproofing.
8. vapor barrier, which is used as a vapor barrier membrane.

Reference! According to one of the innovative technologies, the supporting frame of the building is completely made of a galvanized thermal profile, and shotcrete or foam concrete serves as an internal insulation. This makes it easy to build a solid and reliable house with a number of floors from 1 to 5.

Technology

A frame house can be built in various ways, since today there are several effective technologies for creating its walls. The most popular among them are: the construction of the wall of a frame house according to Finnish technology and Canadian. Their differences lie in the fact that, in accordance with the Scandinavian method, wall panels are assembled right at the construction site, but building technologies from Canada involve the installation of a frame from ready-made SIP panels (frame-panel technology).

Finnish

Finnish looks like this:

1. A frame made of timber is mounted on it, after which it is assembled.
2. Panels are assembled, for which OSB-plates are used, with which the spans of walls are sheathed both from the inside and “from the street”.
3. A heat-insulating layer is installed, after which a draft floor is laid on the floor.
4. The main components of the structure are interconnected by metal brackets and beams of interfloor ceilings are installed.
5. On the interfloor ceiling, the wall panels of the second floor are assembled and installed vertically.
6. Roof rafters are mounted, a waterproofing layer is fixed on them and the roof is laid.
7. Perform interior and exterior finishing work.

Canadian

When designing a building according to Canadian technology, the work algorithm is as follows:

1. A strip foundation is poured, on which panels and floor beams are mounted.
2. Bars are placed in the gaps, which are interconnected, and the gaps are insulated with the help of mounting foam.
3. After installing the ceiling, the walls are installed, starting from the corners. In two-story houses, the installation of interfloor ceilings and walls of the second floor is carried out. In this case, the panels are attached to the beams with self-tapping screws every 10-15 cm. All joints are securely sealed with mounting foam. Fastening is carried out according to the tenon-groove principle, and the thermal gap between the wall panels is 3-5 mm. At the same time, window and door openings are made.
4. The final stage is the installation of the roof.

Device

What is the wall of a frame house made of?

No matter how exquisite the design of your frame house, and no matter how expensive materials are used, the design of the frame wall with insulation, especially the load-bearing one, will be almost identical.

It is multi-layered and is called a “sandwich” or “pie” in construction jargon.

So, the frame wall: the design consists of layers:

1. Frame directly.
2. Internal finishing layer.
3. vapor barrier layer.
4. Insulation.
5. waterproof layer.
6. OSB boards.
7. Outdoor decorative finishes.

Important! It is much easier to make the internal partitions of the building: the frame wall scheme contains only frame racks, a heat-insulating layer, a vapor barrier membrane installed on both sides, and drywall or OSB-board.

The correct frame wall cake can be very different and depends both on the wishes and financial capabilities of the owner, and on the external conditions and internal loads that the building will be subjected to. Consider the arrangement of the walls of a frame house in detail. The most common options are:

1. Frame wall cake with mineral wool. The right frame house wall cake with mineral wool is ideal for buildings that need good sound insulation. To do this, the wall frame from the outside is sheathed with chipboard and lined with a waterproofing film on the outside. Mineral wool is attached on top of it, which can be supplemented with extruded polystyrene foam. A vapor barrier membrane layer is installed on top of the thermal insulation layer (from the inside): it is fixed with a stapler. Then a crate is mounted to better hold the heat-insulating layer and the final wall decoration is made. It is important that moisture does not penetrate deep into the wall, as this will lead to the loss of mineral wool, which has an increased hygroscopicity, of its insulating properties.
2. Frame house wall pie with ecowool. It is considered the safest for human health, since ecowool is completely safe and provides breathability inside the wall, preventing condensation. This insulation is lightweight and has excellent heat-shielding properties. The “pie” itself consists of the following layers: an inner finishing layer, a vapor barrier film, frame elements, ecowool (it is evenly blown over the entire surface of the wall, which avoids joints, as in the case of other heaters, and the penetration of cold into the house), a windproof membrane and the outer finishing layer, which separates the ventilation gap from the previous one.
3. Pie wall of a frame house with basalt insulation. This is an expensive solution, however, basalt wool not only has good heat and sound insulation properties, but is also resistant to vibrations, mold and mildew. The composition of the frame wall in this case will be standard: interior finish, vapor barrier, frame structure, basalt filler, windproof membrane and exterior finish.
4. Frame wall pie with OSB (or OSB). Such plates are used to give the walls greater rigidity and stability. The classic arrangement of layers, which ensures optimal moisture removal and “breathing” properties, looks like this: interior finish, vapor barrier layer, insulation (mineral wool or other), frame racks, OSB-plate, windproof layer, ventilation gap, exterior finish.
5. "Pie" with Isoplat panels. Recently, they have been very popular among builders, as they reliably protect the wall from moisture penetration, are additional protection from the cold and completely replace wind and hydro protection. In a frame house, the layers of walls are arranged as follows: interior finish, vapor barrier film, heat-insulating layer, frame racks, Isoplat panels, crate, exterior finish.
6. "Pie" according to the EIFS system. Structural elements of the building frame often become a kind of "bridges" of cold, which requires additional - the formation of a polystyrene foam cocoon from their outside. The composition of the wall of the frame house in this case will be as follows: interior decoration, vapor barrier, frame layer with a mesh, rigid polystyrene foam boards PSB-S 25F, wind protection and an exterior finish layer.

Important! In the above variants of the "pie" wind protection layer is understood as a layer consisting of waterproofing and wind protection. Since there must be a waterproofing layer outside the wall, which protects the insulation from external moisture.

Drawings, diagrams and sections

If you are going to build a frame structure yourself, you can’t do without a detailed drawing, which will also indicate the frame wall in the section.

This will allow you to clearly imagine the location and installation order of all load-bearing structures and internal partitions and avoid the most common mistakes.

Important! The drawings clearly indicate not only the options for connecting structural elements to each other, but also the schemes for laying engineering communications.

Largely modern drawings of the walls of a frame house are made in specialized computer programs, where parameters such as type and are entered, the location of load-bearing walls and partitions, the number of rooms, external parameters such as humidity, soil type, average temperature in the area, etc.

The scheme and structure of the wall of a frame house necessarily contains the following:

1. Type of wall and its dimensions.
2. The nuances of the structural connection of the walls to each other, as well as to the floor and roof.
3. Location of windows and doors.
4. The sequence of layers (thermal insulation, vapor barrier, etc.), their thickness, installation features and the type of materials for each of them.

Knots

What is a frame house wall knot?

The wall of the frame structure consists of the following nodes, the nuances of which you should know:

1. Adjoining the wall to the floor in a frame house. The frame posts of the wall must be nailed with 3 nails measuring 90 mm, and this is done through the post in the log. This applies to load-bearing structures. If the wall is located on the strapping of the log or lintel, then the third nail is hammered into them. In the case of partitions, one 90 mm nail driven into each joist is enough.

2. Joining the walls of a frame house. To ensure a reliable connection of the frame walls - to connect the side and front walls of the building, it is necessary to make an additional rack in the side frame, deployed perpendicular to the corner rack of the frame structure located on the edge. This will allow you to correctly form the inner corner and simplify the process of finishing with plywood or OSB-boards.

3. The corner of the frame wall. Simply connecting bars with a section of 150x150 (or boards with a section of 50x150) in a corner is fraught with its freezing in winter. Therefore, the corner is made according to the 2 + 1 scheme. A third one is nailed to one of the extreme racks of the frame structure, which is turned at 90 degrees. You can also strengthen the structure by adding a fourth board.

Two racks are connected parallel to each other or at a slight angle using 5 90 mm nails with a distance of 6 cm between them. Before finishing the corner, it is imperative to put a heater.

4. Ukosina. This is one of the most important elements of the wall, which gives it spatial rigidity and avoids distortions in the structure. They are cut into both the lower and upper trim strictly at an angle that does not go beyond 45-60 degrees. They must be used if sheathing of house panels with plywood or OSB boards is not planned. It can be wooden with a section of 25x100, 50x150 or metal.

5. Window and door openings.

Important! In Canadian and Finnish technology, they are amplified a little differently, so these nuances should be taken into account.

In Canadian technology, double racks are used to create them. Under and above the opening, shortened posts are mounted, the distance between which remains the same as between the main posts. A header is placed above the opening, made of a double or triple board 10-25 cm high, depending on the width of the opening and the beam load. Horizontal boards are also mounted under the opening, cutting the additional rack in half: they will support the weight of the window.

In the case of doorways or the use of Finnish technology, instead of a header, a crossbar is installed - a board placed on an edge that cuts in front of the lower trim in the uppermost part of the frame racks, both inside and outside. The crossbar can be either single or triple. For him, take boards measuring 50x200 mm.

6. Connection of wall and roof. Racks are mounted strictly perpendicular to the wall, but can be parallel in partitions or on the gable of the roof. The beams must be monolithic, and at least 2 racks should be placed in the outer corners of the wall frame.

7. Connection of wall and floor. Shown above in the figure to point 1.

A photo

Sectional wall of a frame house: photos are presented below.

Useful video

How to make a frame wall cake is additionally described in the video below:

findings

Arranging the wall of a frame house is a rather important and painstaking process, but if you want and want to learn and take into account any nuances, even a non-professional builder can handle it without any problems.

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The construction of frame structures has long been unusually popular. There is nothing surprising in this. This method of construction is very attractive with a simple technology that allows you to carry out all the work on your own, without resorting to the help of hired workers. And the materials for construction are required not too expensive and quite affordable.

However, when determining the type, one should not proceed from the mass of the building alone.

It must also be taken into account on which it is planned to erect a building. If it is clayey, heavy enough, then it is unlikely that it will be possible to do without a solid, monolithic foundation. If the soil has a normal sand content, then it is enough or.

If the homeowner doubts the quality of the soil for construction on his site, then he can clarify its type and composition with the local architectural bureau. Do not neglect without first making sure that you can actually do without it. The proposed construction will use natural material of wood origin. Even fully processed, high-quality material, it is better to avoid prolonged contact with water.

There are two schemes for building a frame house:

• All activities are completely self-managed. Ready-made blocks are not used: only original building materials;
• erection of a structure from fully finished, completed blocks, which are manufactured industrially.

Consider the first, more democratic option

Scheme of nodes of a frame house: laying the foundation

The material for the roof is selected according to the preferences and capabilities of the owner of the construction site. It can be roofing material, and much more. Like other installation work, the installation of the frame also starts from the corners.

The ends of the roof frame are securely attached to the floor joists. The roof is usually in the shape of an isosceles triangle. The distance between the rafters corresponds to the width of the material that is supposed to be used as insulation or coating.

It is convenient to assemble the roof frame on the surface of the earth, and then lift it up and install it on the house.

Sheathing a frame house with your own hands

Cover options may vary. This and more. A durable, waterproof material is laid under the sheathing with a margin of 20-30 cm.

The walls are upholstered with the selected material, then the roof, windows and doors are inserted. The floors are laid last. The boards are hemmed under the laid logs, all the gaps formed between the boards and the logs are filled with insulation.

If there is such an opportunity, then it is better to make the floor insulation two-layer.

First, a layer of foam, followed by mineral wool. When all the insulation is laid out, the floorboards are laid. They are placed perpendicular to the lags. For greater evenness and smoothness of the floor, it can be finished on top with OSB boards or sheets. When the floor is laid, you can proceed to the interior decoration of the walls. All existing gaps between horizontal and vertical lags should be filled with insulation. Special film for superimposed on top. Then sheathing is carried out or.

To make the walls more stable, you will have to install internal braces for both intermediate walls and external ones.

Attachment points for the construction of a frame house

To

The frame house won the love not only of the inhabitants of America, Canada and Finland, but also among our people. Why? The answer is simple: such houses are quickly erected, economical in use, retain heat well, and can be built on any soil and at any time of the year. In addition, there is nothing complicated in the construction of frame house structures, and you can put them on your own.

Types of materials used, their pros and cons

Traditionally, wood is used in the construction of frame houses. It has the following advantages:

• inexpensive material
• lightweight material
• can be treated with do-it-yourself septic tanks and fire protection
• it easily includes nails, bolts, other fixing elements
• the lightness of wood allows the use of mounting adhesive in some cases
• re rusting
• completely eco-friendly
• has a pleasant smell of wood, especially conifers

Don't forget to check all elements for geometry. The vertical posts should be strictly vertical, and the angle between the bottom trim and the timber should be exactly 90 degrees. The strapping should lie on the same level, its quality largely depends on the evenness of the foundation. A misalignment of a few millimeters is allowed, but not more than 10 mm. Horizontal beams must lie strictly horizontally, the distance between the beginning of the beam and the bottom trim must correspond to the distance between the end of the beam and the trim.

Pie wall: the best options

A stud wall cake is considered to have better thermal performance when compared to block or brick walls. This opinion has the right to life, since the frame wall has much lower thermal conductivity. What does it mean? When the air inside such a house is heated, the walls practically do not heat up, so much less energy is spent on heating. At the same time, the multi-layer construction allows you to keep the air at a comfortable temperature for a long time, since the walls do not absorb heat like bricks and blocks. In cement houses, the air will not become warm and comfortable until the walls are heated, and this takes both time and electricity.

A simple wall pie consists of the following layers: interior trim, OSB sheets, vapor barrier membrane, insulation, waterproofing, OSB sheets, exterior or exterior trim. This is the simplest cake and the most common, however, there are some ways to improve the quality of your home.

If your home is in a location where the winds often blow, you'll need an extra layer of wind protection. To do this, the outer walls of the house are additionally insulated with foam sheets. It is this material that is recommended by experts for additional external wind protection, primarily due to the fact that it is not afraid of moisture that can get in from the outside.

Sometimes external insulation is made with stone wool, as it is more heat resistant. But because of its ability to absorb moisture, external wall insulation with this material is irrational.

Read about how to insulate a house with mineral wool.

Since frame houses in their essence resemble a thermos that retains heat, the question of ventilation is acute. Without a change of air and its movement, condensate in the form of water droplets can accumulate on the walls, and the level of oxygen in the air itself decreases. The ventilation of the frame house, installed during construction, solves this problem. And additional drying of the walls from condensate can be ensured by changing the waterproofing in the wall to a vapor barrier. The membrane should be laid in such a way that moisture does not enter the wall from the outside, but at the same time it can exit the wall both inside the house and outside.

Elements of the future building

Since the construction of a frame house occurs gradually, and a new stage of construction begins after the completion of the previous stage, it is important to know what structural elements of the house generally exist. So, the house consists of:

1. Foundation. The construction of the foundation is the most important stage of construction. This is the basis of the house, on which the long-term operation of the building largely depends.
2. Strapping and walls. The lower trim fixes the walls to the foundation, and the upper one connects all 4 walls into one structure. Walls are made up of certain layers, which we discussed above.
3. Floor. It can be made in the form of a cement screed for concrete or be wooden, the basis of which is logs.
4. Roof. It depends on the type of roof and the appearance of the building, and its quality, especially if a residential attic or a heated attic will be located under the roof. The roof also consists of several layers, including insulation, vapor barrier, waterproofing, crate and roofing material. If flexible tiles are used, the roof must include OSB sheets, on which the material is laid.
5. Exterior and interior decoration is not an element of the design of the house, but is the final stage in the formation of the building.

Each element of the building is built in turn in accordance with the technology of frame construction. Read about how to make a floor in a frame house.

The simplest and fastest technology for building walls at home is frame. Frame walls and buildings are distinguished by excellent thermal insulation characteristics, seismic resistance, and durability. And of course it is impossible not to note the financial side of the issue. A frame house is a cost-effective solution due to its special design and the use of inexpensive materials.

Frame walls are a technically simple, but effective structure that includes:

The device of the frame wall may have its own distinctive features, for example, the use of metal racks, but the design itself remains unchanged.

Frame walls and stages of their construction

It is noteworthy that anyone can build a frame wall on their own and this will not cause any special problems. Moreover, for work there is no need to have a special education or extensive experience in this field.

So where to start?

The lower harness and logs must be treated with an antiseptic!

The walls can be built from piece elements, that is, by installing each load-bearing beam in turn or as a prefabricated structure. In other words, fragments of the frame are prepared in advance, which are then attached to the beam of the lower trim.

Also, one of the types of frame construction is the construction of a house from prefabricated panels (shields). They are produced in the workshop according to a pre-agreed project. Such panels are delivered to the site assembled, that is, they have window openings, places for installing doors, etc. It remains only to fix the shields to the frame and the walls are ready. This technology can significantly reduce the time of work, but has limitations on the variability of execution. In addition, the panels can be heavy and may require a crane to install them.

wall structure

When the installation of the frame is completed, then you can proceed to the device of a multilayer wall structure. Here, each of the constituent elements plays a specific function, so it is necessary to observe a special construction technology.

Exterior finishing options

Of course, the outer walls of the frame structure can hardly be called aesthetically attractive. However, after finishing, they cannot be distinguished from more expensive wooden or brick counterparts.

Traditionally, walls are decorated in two ways:

Exterior decoration in the form of decorative brickwork is also practiced. This design option will give the frame building elegance, sophistication and a unique appearance.