GOST 30245-2003 regulates the basic requirements for the manufacture of closed welded profiles for building structures. The range of steel square pipes includes the main dimensions:
- For a square profile: from 40x40x2 to 300x300x14 mm.
- For a rectangular profile: from 50x25x2 to 400x200x14 mm.
During the pipe development stage, round profiles with longitudinal seams, subjected to compression with rolls to obtain a square or rectangular profile. Works are carried out on special mills. Steel is taken as the basis:
- Sheet metal roll.
- Carbon steel for general use.
- Low-alloy thick-walled steel (from 3 mm or more), according to TU 14105509.
The removal of burrs from longitudinal seams is carried out with outer side design, the following deviations are allowed:
- 0.5 mm - with a section of profile walls up to 0.4 cm.
- 1 mm - with a metal cross section of 0.4 cm.
The quality of finished products is regulated by the main provisions of the assortment:
3 Assortment
3.1 The main parameters of the profile section are shown in fig. one.
3.2 Other indicators (S sec., axis and weight parameters for 1 m of the profile element) are determined by the corresponding indicators: for pipes with equilateral walls - table. one; for products rectangular shape- tab. 2.
3.3 Tolerances for material thickness are in accordance with limit deviations initial blanks with a width of 125 cm of standard accuracy of rolled products "B" in accordance with GOST 199-03. Deviations are allowed in the bend areas.
3.4 The discrepancy between the height and width of products is calculated in%:
- With dimensions (in height and width) up to 10 cm - ± 1, but not less than ± 0.5 mm;
- Over 10 cm - ± 0.8.
3.5 Deviations of the radii of the outer circle are allowed:
- If t
- If 0.6
- If t > 1 cm - from 2.401 t to 3.601 t.
3.6 Maximum size tolerance to the 90° angle is ±1°30" (in the transverse part of the structure).
3.7 The length of profile pipes is 600 - 1200 cm, and at the request of the customer 400 - 1300 cm:
- Unmeasured quantities.
- Dimensional parameters.
- Multiple measured sizes.
3.8 The maximum tolerances for the length of measured and multiple measured values are +6 cm.
3.9 Below are the conventional values of bent electrowelded profile structures with vertical parameters = 18, horizontal section = 10, wall thickness = 0.5 cm. In this example, steel grade C245 according to GOST 277-72 is used:
Tab. one
Tab.
Profile pipes actively used in construction, mechanical engineering, furniture production and other areas are presented on modern market in great variety. In order to streamline this diversity and classify these products according to certain criteria, such a concept as assortment was introduced.
The very word "assortment", if we turn to dictionaries, comes from the word "variety" and means a list of individual types of products that are on the market. In relation to shaped pipes, the range means a set of types of these products manufactured manufacturing enterprises or available in the supplier's warehouse.
The range of pipes is presented in the form of a table or a simple list in which certain types products are listed in accordance with their names in accordance with GOST 13663 86 (profile square, profile rectangular pipes, etc.). Such a table or list should contain all available types of pipes, for each of which all names are signed and characteristics are given.
The assortment of pipes belonging to the profile category is different great variety. They are classified according to various parameters, but the main one is the cross-sectional profile. So, pipes are distinguished:
- with a rectangular profile;
- square section;
- flat oval;
- oval;
- with hollow ribs;
- with a special type of profile.
The assortment is compiled separately for each type of pipe, which is regulated by the requirements of the relevant GOSTs.
The main parameters of the most common profile pipes - square and rectangular sections
Metal pipes belonging to a particular type of profile can also differ in a number of ways. The main of these parameters include:
- the method by which pipes are produced (they are cold and hot rolled, welded);
- materials used in production;
- method of processing the ends of pipes;
- main purpose.
The assortment of pipes, which is presented by a certain manufacturer, not only allows you to get acquainted with the range of its products, but also serves as an indicator of the level of its development. Consumers of such products and organizations selling them prefer to establish relationships with manufacturing enterprises, the range of pipes of which includes wide range of products.
Assortment of profile pipes of rectangular section: GOST 8645-68
The most obvious information about the assortment of steel rectangular pipes is presented in the corresponding GOST, which is presented below.
Assortment of profile pipes of square section: GOST 8639-82
To get acquainted with the assortment, it is worth viewing the data from the corresponding GOST, which is presented below.
Criterias of choice
Of the entire assortment of modern profile pipe rolling, products with square and rectangular sections are the most common. Traditionally, they are made of metal, but now this material is increasingly being replaced by plastic.
The main field of application of profiled pipe is the production of metal structures for various purposes, where these products are successfully replaced with solid steel bars. The big advantages of pipes compared to such bars are affordable cost and low weight.
When choosing profile pipes from the assortment for the manufacture of a metal structure, it is very important to correctly select their profile and cross-sectional dimensions. The main criterion that guides this choice is load bearing capacity pipes, both square and rectangular. It should also be taken into account that products with different cross-sectional dimensions can vary significantly in weight.
According to the production method, as already noted above, cold- and hot-formed steel profile pipes are distinguished in the assortment. In accordance with the requirements of GOST 13663 86, this also includes products manufactured using electric welding. These pipes, as well as cold-formed ones, can be covered with a layer of zinc, which prevents corrosion.
The cross-sectional dimensions of the profile pipe, the most popular in the construction market, are:
- 15x15;
- 20x20;
- 25x25;
- 30x30;
- 40x40;
- 60x60;
- 80x80;
- 100x60;
- 100x100.
Advantages of profile pipes
The profile category includes all pipes whose cross-sectional shape differs from round. The most widespread of the entire assortment are products with a square and rectangular profile, the dimensions of which correspond to 25, 60, 100, 40x80, 40x100, 50x50 mm.
Steel profile pipes, the dimensions of which exceed 100 mm, are used mainly as structural elements. Such products, which have four stiffeners, are distinguished by high strength characteristics and low specific gravity.
Products with a profile of 60 mm perfectly resist bending, due to which they are successfully used in construction and in the arrangement of various engineering communications.
Any profile pipes allow not only to create complex steel structures, but also significantly save on the cost of expensive metal.
Among the advantages of profile pipes made of steel, the following can be mentioned.
- Their entire assortment is characterized by low metal consumption, which makes it possible to save up to 25% of metal even during the construction of one building object.
- When using these elements building objects built with high efficiency.
- The entire range of profile pipes produced by modern industry meets sanitary and hygienic requirements, the pipes are easy to maintain and disinfect.
- These products also meet anti- fire safety.
- Even the most complex structures when using these elements, they are mounted with maximum efficiency.
Applications
Steel pipes having various types of profile are actively used in many areas. Depending on the size of the profile, such products are used to solve the following tasks.
- Pipes with a profile of 60x30 are characterized by low metal consumption, their use makes it possible to significantly save on the cost of metal during construction work.
- For mounting metal structures various sizes and the degree of complexity, pipes with profile sizes of 15x15, 40x60, 60x60 and 100x100 are most actively used.
- A number of advantages distinguish products with a profile size of 25x25. Such advantages include low weight, exceptional strength characteristics, tightness, ease of installation work.
profile pipe- A variety of steel pipes. This category of products includes a wide range of long products. It is in high demand among construction, manufacturing, agricultural and engineering enterprises. How do these products differ and how to choose the right product from the assortment of profile pipes? These are the kinds of questions that buyers have been asking themselves. Experts and large manufacturers of long products will help you understand the intricacies of the purchase.
What is a profile pipe
A profile pipe is a type of high-quality hollow metal. The profile of this pipe is characterized by several but different from round. Thus, the options are:
- square;
- rectangular;
- oval;
- flat oval;
- arched.
Distribution reached pipes with a square and rectangular profile, which is explained by the correct cross-sectional shape.
Assortment of profile pipes
Speaking of assortment (this term comes from the concept of variety), they mean a list of product varieties of this type, which is offered in the market of goods. So, the range of profile pipes includes metal products, general characteristic which is a hollow structure and not round section. However, these products also have differences:
- section shape;
- material of manufacture;
- production technology;
- profile size;
- wall thickness.
Profile form
This parameter is considered fundamental, since the assortment of products with different sectional shapes (profiles) is indicated separately.
Form types:
- Rectangular pipe. This type of rolled metal has 4 stiffening ribs, which makes it tear and deflection resistant. Equally important is the low weight, which is achieved due to the hollow structure. In addition to the benefits of products, it is worth mentioning convenient storage and ease of transportation.
- Square pipe. Such a product combines the named advantages of a rectangular pipe, while it is characterized by compact dimensions. It is impossible to do without a range of profile square pipes in cases of severely limited space.
- Oval, flat-oval, arched. Such options are often used in case of special requirements on the part of the object. Polygonal and special profiles. Profile pipes with a polygonal cut or additional grooves are also sold, but they are made to order.
Receiving technologies
All types of profile pipes, regardless of the shape of the profile, are produced using similar technologies.
There are 3 in total.
- Cold rolled. According to cold-rolled technology, ordinary round pipes are the starting material for the production of profile pipes. suitable diameter. The process boils down to rolling round pipe on special machines. As a result, the product is given the desired shape.
- Hot-formed. This manufacturing technology is similar to cold-rolled in that as source material round tube is used. However, there are also differences - before rolling, the pipe is heated to high temperature. Due to this, high internal stress does not arise in the metal and special characteristics are given to finished products. performance characteristics.
- Welded. Production by the welded method involves the use of not a round pipe, but pieces sheet metal. They are run in to give the desired profile, and then the edges are connected by welding.
GOST requirements for the assortment of profile pipes
Pipes with a profile other than round are considered one of the most important segments of all rolled metal products. They are widely used in construction and other important facilities, so they must be manufactured to meet stringent requirements. According to GOST 30245-2003, the assortment of shaped pipes is characterized as bent closed welded products with a profile in the form of a rectangle or square.
However, this GOST is far from the only regulatory document. For each type of profile pipe, additional requirements are provided.
Manufacturing materials
Another distinctive feature assortment of profile pipes is called material. The most commonly used steel. She may be:
- low-alloyed;
- carbonaceous;
- stainless.
Each is assigned a nomenclatural name. It certainly indicates the grade of steel, each of which belongs to a particular group. This characteristic largely affects the strength, flexibility, durability and other indicators of the finished product (including cost). Less common are pipes made of other materials, such as aluminum.
Square pipes: varieties
With square profile vary depending on the production technology. The range of profile pipes of cold deformation includes products with a cross section of 10-120 mm. The wall thickness can reach 1-8 mm.
Hot deformation products are produced with a section of 30-140 mm, the thickness can be 4-14 mm. Electrowelded profile pipes have a thickness of 1-5 mm, and a section size of 10-100 mm.
Rectangular section
Pipes with a rectangular cross section differ in side sizes and wall thicknesses.
Pipes 15 * 10 mm are considered the smallest in size, and 230 * 100 mm are considered the largest. The wall thickness varies from 1 to 14 mm. How larger size section, the greater should be the wall thickness. This allows the pipes to withstand increased loads and serve for many years.
Advantages
The assortment of shaped steel pipes has several advantages that allow them to be used in the construction and industrial sectors:
- Among all high-quality metal-roll, profile pipes have the lowest metal consumption, which significantly reduces the weight and cost of the finished structure.
- Such products are easy to bend, cut and weld, which reduces the speed of installation of products.
- Taking into account sanitary and hygienic standards in production makes them easy to maintain.
- Made of steel, pipes have complete fire safety.
The buyer chooses a product based on the main requirements of the project being implemented, the scope and features of operation. In other words, there is no one ideal solution for two projects that are completely different in direction, cost and application features.
Having considered the characteristics and differences of profile pipes, we conclude: this type of rolled metal is diverse and is extremely useful in many areas of industry. However, those products that were manufactured in accordance with accepted requirements and standards will be durable and wear-resistant. For this reason, before buying rolled metal, you should familiarize yourself with the supporting documents.
The scope of application of profile pipes is extremely diverse, so it is worth talking about their advantages and disadvantages in more detail. In this material, we will talk about the assortment of profiled pipes, as well as what product qualities you should pay attention to when buying them.
The very concept of "range" implies big variety varieties and types of certain products, and in this context - profile pipes. As a rule, it helps to determine the presence various types products, classified according to a number of parameters, which are available from manufacturers or at wholesale or retail outlets.
The full assortment of the profile pipe includes all, without exception, the names of these products, manufactured in accordance with GOSTs, and also describes quality characteristics each category in all possible modifications.
In general, the classification of profile pipes can be carried out according to various indicators. One of the most significant characteristics is the profile form.
There are such types of products:
- oval;
- flat oval;
- square;
- rectangular shape;
- with hollow ribs;
- with a specially shaped profile.
It should be noted that the assortment of steel profile pipes is developed separately for each type of profile in full accordance with GOSTs.
In addition, the variety of profile pipes is also determined by factors such as:
- method of production of pipe products - welded, cold or hot rolled);
- raw materials from which pipes are made;
- methods of processing end parts;
- industry where the use of certain types of pipes is provided.
By the size of the range of products presented on the market by the manufacturer, one can judge its potential, capabilities and scale of production. And although the expansion of the list requires significant costs, it nevertheless indicates the stability of the enterprise.
Detailed description of the assortment
Very wide application obtained profile pipes in the process of assembling metal structures for various industrial facilities. They are not only able to replace the bars used for load-bearing structures, but also have a small mass and are inexpensive.
In addition, when choosing the type of pipes, it is worth considering the mass running meter such products.
Most often, square rectangular pipes with the following parameters are in demand:
- 15×15 mm;
- 20×20 mm;
- 25×25 mm;
- 30×30 mm;
- 40×40 mm;
- 60×60 mm;
- 80×80 mm;
- 100×160 mm;
- 100×100 mm.
Advantages and disadvantages of various profiled pipes
Profile pipes are all pipes whose cross-sectional shape is not round. The most common square rectangular steel pipes. The most common profile sizes are 25, 60, 100 mm and 40×80 mm, 50×50 mm and 40×100 mm.
It should be noted that due to the variety of manufactured standard sizes of profiled pipes, it has become possible to build more and more complex structures.
Among the main advantages of profile pipes are:
- low metal content, which allows saving up to 25% of raw materials for the construction of a particular object;
- due to the ease of installation, the construction of the structure is carried out very quickly;
- convenience in sanitary and antiseptic treatment, hygiene;
- full compliance with fire safety standards;
- the possibility of assembling structures of increased complexity.
The area of \u200b\u200buse of pipes from the profile
Due to the variety of sections and shapes of profile pipes, their scope is extremely wide.
In particular, the use of such products will be appropriate in such cases:
- To assemble the frame of buildings, if there is a need to save metal, profile pipes with a cross section of 60 × 30 mm are often used.
- As structural elements, pipes with dimensions of 15 × 15 mm, 40 × 60 mm, 60 mm and 100 mm are acceptable.
- Among the advantages of products with parameters 25 × 25 mm and others, one can name the moment of resistance of a profile pipe, that is, its strength, low weight, high speed and ease of assembly of metal structures from them, as well as high tightness.
- Good performance indicators of profile pipes, as well as their versatility, make it possible to use them in almost any field of activity. In particular, profiled products with dimensions of 25×250 mm are actively used in the machine-building industry. But pipes 60 × 30 mm are in demand for the assembly of billboards and banners.
- In the construction of large housing facilities, public facilities, as well as storage facilities and garages, pipes with parameters of 40 × 60 mm are in great demand, as well as many other types.
Thus, it can be noted that pipes of various profiles, in particular square, rectangular and other types, are very common in the construction of objects for various purposes. If the construction of light partitions or structures that will not bear a large load is required, then profiled pipes with thin walls are perfect for these purposes.
All products are characterized by certain parameters. This also applies to water pipes. In addition, such a type of this product as profile pipes also has its own differences, its own classification, its own specifications, that is, dimensions, cross-sectional area, load capacity, material of manufacture, and so on.
Naturally, profile pipes are regulated by GOSTs during their production, so any deviation from their requirements is considered a marriage.
Some classification
A profile pipe is any other type of pipe other than a standard round pipe. Big advantage such varieties is that the cross-sectional area, having equal dimensions with round products, will be larger.
Such pipes have excellent technical characteristics, especially when it comes to their strength.
They are used in many areas of life: heavy and light industry, agricultural engineering, furniture manufacturing and many other industries.
The classification of these materials can be built on the basis of many features, such as, for example, sizes, shapes, production methods, and so on. Let's look at this issue a little closer.
The following types are distinguished by form:
- Square;
- oval;
- Flat-oval, that is, those in which two sides are straight, and the other two are made in the form of arcs, that is, rounded;
- Rectangular.
General GOST for the manufacture of profile products has the designation 13663-86. Depending on the form, they are manufactured according to the following standards:
- For square, GOST 8639-82 is applicable;
- For rectangular, GOST 8645-68 is applicable;
- For a flat-oval shape, GOST 8644-68 is applicable;
- For oval, GOST 8642-68 is applicable.
Note! All such products are made from steel of various types. I must say that each type of steel also has its own GOST.
If we talk about the production method, then the profile pipe will have two types:
- Electrowelded;
- Seamless.
Electrowelded can have several of its types:
- thin-walled;
- thick-walled;
- Having a galvanized surface and not galvanized;
- Straight line and many others.
Seamless has the following types:
- Seamless;
- Hot rolled;
- Galvanized and non-galvanized.
Cold rolled and hot rolled steel
Here, too, a small caveat should be made. We will talk about those types of steel that are used for the manufacture of these products, but it’s worth understanding the difference between cold-rolled and hot-rolled products.
On the initial stage produce sheets by hot rolling. Large source sheet cut into smaller pieces or into strips. Cold-rolled steel is first processed, that is, the pickling process takes place first. Only then does the cold rolling process start. For this reason, in the absolute majority, cold-rolled steel, or rather a sheet of it, cannot be thicker than 4-5 mm. The area, like other parameters, can take on a wide variety of values, but the thickness has upper limit. However, the surface of such steel products much better quality.
Such sheets have a constant thickness, whatever their area. In addition, they do not have scale. It must be said that the technical characteristics are much higher, since before cold rolling everything steel materials undergo a hardening process. Accordingly, the load on products made from such material may be higher.
Seamless and electrowelded
If we have dealt with hot and cold rolling, now it remains only to figure out what seamless products are and what electrowelded products are.
Electrowelded products are obtained by molding and subsequent electric welding. They have seams that can be straight or spiral, hence the name - straight-seam and spiral-seam. These products can be made either from a sheet of low-alloy carbon type steel, or from a billet - strips.
A metal blank (sheet) is welded with its edges along one line. This is how straight-line products are obtained. The spiral variety is obtained by winding the steel tape in a spiral.
Profile pipes of such a plan can be used to create gas pipelines. In this case, the maximum load is 16 MPa.
All such types have their own GOST manufacturing.
All products can be thick-walled or thin-walled. In this matter, the production process has no effect.
Seamless products are obtained by rolling an ingot of steel. During this process, a hole is formed in the center, which is later calibrated in its shape and size.
I must say that seamless products can be manufactured in several ways at once, for example, forging or rolling.
As in the first case, a seamless pipe can be thin-walled or thick-walled. The most important advantage that all seamless products have is their incredible strength, which is achieved due to the absence of a seam - the very weak point. Basically, seamless products are used where it is necessary to constantly deal with high loads, both internal and external. The seamless pipe has gained great popularity in the oil industry, as well as in the field of transportation of highly aggressive environments.
Some Specifications
The main ones include:
- Profile form. There are rectangular, square and so on;
- Dimensions, that is, height and width. Here it must be said that this indicator has its own GOST, however, manufacturers today produce profile pipes with any width and length;
- Wall thickness. According to this parameter, it is divided into two types - thin-walled and thick-walled. This is an important parameter, since it determines the scope of application. The wall thickness is regulated according to GOST, but there are exceptions;
- Weight. It's not just the convenience of transportation and operation. Weight determines the quality of the product. Knowing the dimensions and mass, you can easily find out how thick its walls are, if this cannot be done by direct measurement.
What does the industry offer?
Today, the assortment offered by manufacturers is very wide. For example, consider products according to GOST 30245-94, 8645-68, 8639-82, that is, electric-welded pipes with different forms sections.
Assortment of square products (this includes both seamless and electric welded products):
- External parameters from 10 to 10 to 120 to 120. At the same time, both thick-walled and thin-walled ones are produced, the wall thickness is from 1 to 8 mm - this is for cold-formed materials;
- External parameters from 60 to 60 to 180 to 180. Wall thickness from 4 to 14 - this is for hot-rolled products;
- External parameters from 10 to 10 to 100 to 100. At the same time, both thick-walled and thin-walled ones are produced, wall thickness from 1 to 5 - this is for electric-welded materials.
Here all values are in mm.
Rectangular pipe (this includes both seamless pipe and electric-welded pipe) has the following assortment:
- Sizes from 10 by 15 mm with a thickness of 1 to 180 by 150 with a thickness of 12 mm;
- Groups A and B. The first includes products made of steel grades St2 (4kp / ps), and the second - St.2 (4 kp / ps), as well as 08 kp and 10-35.
Range of steel products (both thin-walled and thick-walled, GOST 30245-2003):
- For square shape- from 4 by 4 cm with a thickness of 2 mm to 30 by 30 with a thickness of 14 mm;
- Rectangular has such dimensions - from 5 by 2.5 cm to 40 by 20 cm, and the wall thickness is from 2 to 14 mm, respectively.
As you can see, there are plenty to choose from. And this is only part of the whole range of sizes, shapes and materials.
Wall thickness and other dimensions
In this article, we have mentioned many times such a concept as thin-walled or thick-walled. The whole point is in what: for different sizes the same thickness can be either small or large. Hence the names.
Naturally, thick-walled products will also cost more, since more material has been spent on their production.
The wall thickness can range from 1 to 14 mm.
I must say that depending on the type, the sizes also change:
- Cold rolled - wall thickness from 1 to 8, dimensions from 1 to 12 cm;
- Hot rolled - wall thickness from 4 to 14 mm, dimensions from 6 to 18 cm;
- Electric welding - wall thickness from 1 to 5 mm, dimensions from 1 to 10 cm.
Most of the existing sizes are shown in the table below:
The length of the material also has some dependence on the method of production. This indicator ranges from one and a half meters to 12.5.
There is also a classification by length:
- Measured length;
- Unmeasured length;
- Multiple measured.
For materials with a measured or multiple measured length, it is customary to add a margin of 5 mm. For this reason, the finished product at the exit may turn out to be 10 cm longer than the prescribed one.
