What are the benefits of keeping goats. Animal care. What OKVED code to indicate when registering a goat farm

• Marketing plan
• Production plan
• Recruitment
• Financial plan
• How much can you earn from a goat farm
• What equipment to choose
• Production technology
  • • • Similar business ideas:

Organization business plan farming for breeding goats with an initial population of 100 animals.

How much money is needed to organize a goat farm

According to our calculations, the organization of a goat mini-farm for 100 heads will require at least 6,000,000 rubles:

• Purchase and reconstruction of a former farm - 2,500,000 rubles.
• Acquisition of livestock of goats (300 heads) - 1,500,000 rubles.
• Milking parlor - 1,000,000 rubles.
• Purchase of equipment and households. tool - 300,000 rubles.
• Refrigerated car for the sale of milk - 600,000 rubles.
• Creation of feed stocks - 80,000 rubles.
• Business registration and other expenses - 100,000 rubles.

Marketing plan

The study revealed unsatisfied demand for goat products. There are producers of goat milk in the region, but they are extremely few, and their main share is private household plots, with a population of no more than 10 goats. People are becoming more and more aware of real useful properties of this milk and in the future the demand for the product will only grow. The most attractive thing in the goat breeding business is the selling price per liter of milk. It is much higher than the price of cow's milk. The minimum wholesale price that can be found today is 50 rubles per liter. However, it is not uncommon for milk to be sold at a price of 100 or more rubles. Our farm plans to sell milk by supplying the product to processing plants. There, the milk will be pasteurized to produce cheese, cottage cheese, yogurt, cream and butter. In the future, with the development of business, the production of these products will be organized directly on our farm. This will increase the profit of the farm several times. So, the price of goat's milk cottage cheese starts from 1000 rubles/kg, for yogurt - from 750 rubles/l, cream - from 650 rubles/l, butter - from 4000 rubles/kg! Another promising direction is the production baby food from goat milk.

Production plan

To organize a business, it is planned to purchase an old inactive farm. The purchase and reconstruction of premises (including the construction of corrals) will cost 2.5 million rubles. The size of the farm, taking into account utility rooms and warehouses, will be 1200 square meters. meters. The purchase of equipment (drinkers, feeders, household tools) will take about 300 thousand rubles. Also, a significant part of the funds will be directed to the purchase and installation of a milking parlor for goats. This will cost the farm 1-1.5 million rubles. The milking parlor will make it possible to significantly mechanize the process of milking animals, increase the yield of milk per milk yield and, most importantly, significantly reduce the need for hired personnel, which will eventually allow milk to be obtained at a lower cost. High costs will be associated with the creation of a livestock farm. On the initial stage Our farm plans to purchase 100 animals. One dairy goat costs about 15 thousand rubles, respectively, at least 1.5 million rubles will be spent on the purchase of 100 heads. However Foreign experience suggests that the optimal time for a goat farm is 500 dairy goats, with a milk yield of 1000 liters. for lactation. In the subsequent livestock of our farm will be brought to given size. In order to obtain high milk yields, the farm will purchase young stock of purebred high-yielding Saanen goats. The Saanen breed is the best of the best. With proper feeding and maintenance, one animal can produce up to 1200 kg of milk per year. Such indicators cannot be achieved with other breeds. The goats will be fed with hay, vegetables, branch fodder and mixed fodder, which are planned to be purchased from local agricultural producers. AT summer time, in order to save feed and increase milk yield for goats, grazing will be organized on fresh air.

Recruitment

Milking operators (3 people), laborers (3 people), a production manager and a sales manager will be hired as farm workers. Contracts will also be signed with a visiting veterinarian and an accountant. The wage fund will amount to 150 thousand rubles per month.

What OKVED code to indicate when registering a farm for breeding goats

As an organizational and legal form, it is planned to register a peasant farm (KFH). OKVED code - 01.22.1: Breeding of sheep and goats.

What taxation system to choose for a goat farm

The optimal taxation system for a goat farm is the Unified Agricultural Tax, in which the tax is 6% of the profit.

Financial plan

Let's proceed to the calculation of the main indicators economic efficiency business. fixed costs The structure of monthly costs for the maintenance of a goat farm consists of:

• Staff salaries + insurance deductions - 210,000 rubles.
• Feed costs (1000 rubles / head) - 100,000 rubles.
• Utility payments - 50,000 rubles.
• Costs under outsourcing agreements (veterinarian, accountant) - 15,000 rubles.
• Other expenses - 30,000 rubles.
• Total - 405,000 rubles.

How much can you earn on a goat farm

100 dairy goats will bring monthly at least 15,000 liters of milk. Realization even at the minimum wholesale price of 50 rubles per liter. will allow you to earn 750,000 rubles per month. Taking into account possible losses and other unforeseen expenses, you can count on 600,000 rubles in revenue. Thus, the potential monthly profit economy will be: 600,000 - 405,000 \u003d 195,000 rubles. The profitability of the business is 48%. With such indicators, the project pays off in 30-35 months of operation of the farm.

Step-by-step opening plan, where to start

Goat milk products are very popular, and therefore a properly drawn up business plan for breeding these animals will bring tangible profits to the business owner. First of all, you need to determine the preliminary costs and volume of production. It is better to start with small farms, and invest the money already earned on it back into the business, expanding it. Having issued required documents and having received permission to operate, we choose fertile land under a farm. In the premises it is necessary to provide the required conditions for keeping animals. When buying goats, you should pay attention to their breed, it is better to take Saanen, Toggenburg or Gorky goats. It remains to hire staff to care for the animals, buy food and establish contacts with the sales market.

What equipment to choose

For daily milk production of goat milk, you need to purchase special equipment for milking animals. In addition, separators will be needed to obtain sour cream, cream and butter. It is advisable to purchase both electrical and manual models. Separately, it is worth taking care of the availability of heaters, means of air ventilation in the sheds.

What documents are needed to open

To implement a business, it is necessary to obtain documents for registering an individual entrepreneur by providing the relevant OKVED codes to the statistics authorities. You will also need to obtain a state registration number - a certificate of PSRN. If the land is rented, then a corresponding application to the administration and obtaining a personnel passport, as well as a certificate from the BTI is necessary.

Do I need permission to open

You will need a sanitary and epidemiological certificate from Rospotrebnadzor for the selected activity and the sale of the finished product. Appropriate permits from the fire and environmental inspections are also required.

Production technology

The quality and quantity of dairy products obtained depends on the selected goat breed. For example, Saanen goats give 3 times more milk per day than ordinary Russian breeds. It is also worth considering that over time, the amount of milk produced increases. In addition to milk, it is possible to produce and sell butter, cream and dairy products: cheese, cottage cheese, sour cream, etc. Also, young animals will bring good earnings. Kids are used not only to expand the herd, but also for sale, in live weight or for meat. Another channel for the implementation of the goat breeding business is goat down, which is used as insulation for clothes or for the production of sheepskin coats.

AT recent times small business in the agricultural industry is developing rapidly. main reason This, of course, is the support of the state in the form of subsidies, tax simplification and other benefits.

One of popular species entrepreneurial activity in animal husbandry is the breeding of goats, which brings a very considerable profit without high costs for keeping and feeding animals.

This business can be organized almost from scratch by developing a competent business plan and studying in depth the features of this market.

There are about 60 known various breeds goats. In Russia, the Russian local and dairy Saanen goat breeds are more popular. Alpine, Nubian and British Toggenburg breeds, which have a violent temper, are also widespread.

When developing a business plan for breeding goats, the following main aspects should be considered:

• raising goats for milk production with its further sale;
• breeding of pedigree, highly productive kids and their sale.

An approximate work plan for creating a goat breeding business

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Organizational and legal plan for a goat breeding business

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Goat business production plan

Purchase of premises and necessary equipment. In villages and towns there are many old, abandoned buildings (cowsheds, stables, etc.). It will be convenient and profitable to convert them into a goat farm. You can also rent nearby land for sowing perennial grasses and walking animals.

Farm setup. The interior of the room should be warm and dry. It is recommended to organize your own boiler room, sewerage, water supply. It is necessary to equip a milk processing workshop and warehouses for storing feed.

The building should consist of several departments: a room for keeping young animals, dairy goats, a maternity ward. It should be borne in mind that for each animal there must be at least 4 square meters. m area. The floor must be covered with dry hay or straw. In each department, you need to make feeders and machines for animals. It is preferable to keep goats in a stall, without a leash, free-range.

Goat farm equipment. An important condition is the purchase of a machine for milking animals.

It is possible to convert a conventional cow milking machine (ADM-8), given that goats need only two suction cups per udder. There is also foreign milking equipment called DeLaval, but it is quite expensive. You will also need to purchase a tractor for distributing feed.

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Animal Feeding Diet Plan

The diet of goats includes: hay, green grass, concentrates, silage feed. It is recommended to water animals up to 2 times on ordinary days and up to 3 times in the hot season.

In winter, the main food is hay. You can feed the animals with "brooms", in other words, bundles of young succulent branches of various trees harvested from the summer.

Goats are very fond of Jerusalem artichoke, corn, and beets. Chalk and table salt are also given as vitamins (10-15 g daily for each animal).

The diet of pregnant goats should contain mineral supplements and concentrated feed (beans, grains). It is recommended to give only warm water.

On average, one adult animal can eat from 1.5 to 2.5 kg of hay per day. For the winter period, when breeding goats, it is necessary to prepare about 400 kg of dry hay.

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Farm conditions plan for goats

Feeding and milking of animals must be carried out according to a specific schedule, at certain hours, in order to avoid stress in goats and reduce milk yield.

Treatment and prevention of various diseases when breeding goats should be carried out by an experienced specialist (veterinarian).

The room where animals live must be processed and timely cleaned of all departments.

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Products from the goat breeding business, implementation plan

Milk and dairy products. Important benefits of goat milk:

• it contains immunoglobulin, which is used in the treatment and prevention of various severe forms of lung diseases (bronchitis, tuberculosis, asthma);
• goat milk contains a lot of calcium, protein, fats and vitamins;
• the best substitute for female breast milk for newborns that does not cause allergies;
• removes radionuclides from the human body.

The quality and quantity of milk obtained from goats directly depends on their breed and physiological characteristics. For example, ordinary Russian varieties of animals give an average of about 2 liters of milk per day, and the milk yield of the Saanen breed reaches 6 liters per day. It must be taken into account that after 2-3 years of a goat's life, its milk yield increases.

The main dairy products from goat milk are cheese, cottage cheese, cream and butter.

Juvenile animals. Keeping and breeding goats every year brings additional revenue in the form of kids. Young animals are used both for the expansion of the herd and for sale in live weight or in the form of meat.

Goat down. It is used for warming blankets, clothes, carpets. Warm sheepskin coats are made from goat skins.

You can sell the products obtained by breeding goats both independently and through third-party organizations. If organize own production fermented milk products from goat milk, then the advantage here will be the possibility of personal quality control of the products sold. With a lack of experience in such matters, you can simply sell milk to small businesses, having previously concluded a standard contract with them.

The high demand for organic food has affected. Goat breeding as a business is of interest not only to beginner entrepreneurs, but also to experienced breeders. Goat breeding is a labor-intensive occupation, but with a competent approach, the farm will bring high income, and the investment will pay off within a year and a half.

Goat breeding as a business has several directions:

• Sale of meat;
• Realization of milk and dairy products;
• goat trade;
• Sale of goat hair.

Goat meat is not very popular among buyers, but is a valuable dietary product. It contains proteins, minerals, vitamins, amino acids. Goat meat is eaten by adherents of a healthy lifestyle, people with weakened immune systems, and lactating women.

Goat hair is used as a raw material in factories for the production of clothing, yarn, bedding. In addition, leather items and shoes are made from goat skins.

Breeding goats for milk is the most. Dairy products are in high demand due to their beneficial properties. In addition, many buyers trust home-produced goods, so they opt for rural products.

Growing goats for sale is considered. For this direction, it is not required to buy expensive equipment and obtain permission to manufacture food products. The cost of a breeding goat on the market is several times higher than the cost of growing it.

Note! The first thing to do before opening a farm is to decide for what purpose the goats will be bred. If an entrepreneur has sufficient knowledge in the field of animal husbandry, he will be able to organize a business for the production of several types of products at once.

Is it profitable to keep goats?

Among a large number in the field of animal husbandry, many entrepreneurs are interested in
specifically breeding goats. attractiveness this business is as follows:

• Goats are hardy animals. They breed well in a personal compound and do not require special nutrition;
• The cost of keeping a goat is minimal;
• The state provides support and grants subsidies to private farms;
• Low competition in the market;
• Virtually waste-free production.

As in any other area of ​​animal husbandry, raising goats as a business has its drawbacks. The main ones include:

• The entrepreneur's lack of necessary knowledge about goat breeding, which leads to numerous mistakes and the closure of the farm;
• Difficulty in selling products. Trading networks prefer to work with large suppliers;
• Difficulties with the purchase of young animals. Some popular goat breeds are not sold in Russia.

Before implementing the project, the entrepreneur must decide on priorities, study the basics of animal husbandry and the product sales market. A correct and serious approach to the organization of production will avoid unjustified financial losses.

Preparing to open a farm

How to start a goat breeding business? At the first stage, you will need to choose a place for the construction of a goat farm. If an entrepreneur plans to do business on a small scale, outbuildings on personal plot. In addition, it is necessary to have a place for walking animals and storing food.

Note! In order to build modern complex, it is necessary to provide for all the features of animal breeding. A typical goat farm project will help to optimally place buildings on the site and properly equip the premises.

Requirements for the premises

To open a large farm, you will need to find a spacious room, next to which there will be pasture areas. The building must be connected to electricity and water supply. Without these communications, the entrepreneur will not be able to obtain permission to operate from Rospotrebnadzor.

The goat housing should be dry, warm and clean. The area of ​​the goat's rue is calculated depending on the livestock. For one adult, it is necessary to allocate from 2 to 4 sq.m. in the corral. Accordingly, a small farm for 50 heads can be placed on an area of ​​at least 100 sq.m.

Goats do not tolerate cold well, this factor must be taken into account when building a farm. It is not recommended to fill the floor with concrete in the goat house. Straw is used as bedding, which must be changed 2-3 times a month. In the stall, it is necessary to provide compartments for young animals, milking goats and a maternity room.

Farm Registration

The second step towards the implementation of the business idea will be the execution of documents in the Federal Tax Service. When registering, you must present codes from the OKVED list that are suitable for doing business.

It is preferable to register a small goat breeding farm as an individual entrepreneur. When opening a large enterprise, it is more profitable to register an LLC.

The farm will not be able to operate without the permission of the regulatory authorities. The entrepreneur must contact Rospotrebnadzor and obtain a certificate from the Sanitary and Epidemiological Service. In addition, permission is required fire service and supervisory authority for the environment.

Equipment

In order to receive milk, the farm must be equipped with milking machines. If an entrepreneur plans to sell cream and sour cream, you need to additionally purchase separators and mixers. Technique can be both manual and electric. When purchasing equipment, preference should be given to foreign manufacturers. Feedback from farmers suggests that foreign devices are more reliable and durable than domestic ones.

Goat house equip refrigerators for product storage, heaters and fans.

goat diet

In summer, goats eat grass, and in winter they eat hay. In addition to vegetation, the diet of animals includes root crops, cereals and vegetable crops. If the farm is raising goats for meat, mineral supplements and vitamins are added to the feed.

Particular attention should be paid to drinking. Water should be fresh and not cold. In hot weather, goats are watered three times a day, at normal times - 2 times.

An important part of any project is the preparation of a business plan. It allows you to assess risks, analyze the sales market, and understand
Is it profitable or not to breed goats. According to experienced entrepreneurs, a goat farm with at least 100 heads is considered break-even. The farmer and his family members will be able to independently service the enterprise, while saving on staff.

Large-scale production requires impressive financial investments. In Russia, for a long time, the beneficial properties of goat's milk and meat were underestimated, so large complexes for 1000 heads were a rarity. However, the food embargo and government support Agriculture influenced the development of this area of ​​animal husbandry. Investments in opening a plant with stall keeping of goats amount to at least 50 million rubles.

As an example, consider a family farm with 100 heads. The entrepreneur plans to sell milk, meat, young animals and goat hair.

Note! The first season is the most difficult. This is due to the fact that goats begin to give milk from 10 months. Therefore, you will need to be patient and wait until the young grow up.

Calculate the income that 1 goat brings:

• 700 liters of milk per year, at a price of 150 rubles per 1 liter;
• 50 kg of meat, average cost 1 kg on the market - 200 rubles;
• 500 grams of wool - 400 rubles per 1 kg;
• 2 goats per year - 20,000 rubles.

When drawing up a business plan, you should take into account the monthly costs of maintaining the farm. One goat brings up to 100,000 rubles of income if the farm has permanent distribution channels and continuously sells its products. Payback right organized business occurs on average after 1.5 years.

Video: goat breeding as a business

Goat breeding: profitability

The beneficial properties of goat milk are undeniable, so this product is used not only in nutrition, but also in cosmetology and medicine. But in addition to milk from livestock, you can get meat, wool and fat. Full-fledged offspring - a guarantee successful business, in which case mixing rocks is not recommended.

The most popular breeds for raising goats are:

• alpine;
• Nubian;
• dairy Saanenskaya;
• British;
• Russian;
• Gorky;
• Megrelian.

When creating a business plan, you need to follow the following aspects:

• breeding goats with the subsequent sale of dairy products;
• breeding healthy offspring for the purpose of sale.

How to get started in your chosen business? First you need to get reliable information about the level of demand for certain kind products. And also scrupulously assess the scale of production of competitors. There is a pleasant moment in this business: the demand for products is always high, and the competition is small.

Sample business plan for a goat farm

When counting for 100 heads of a goat mini-farm, an amount will be required for:

1. Acquisition or repair of a finished farm - 1,000,000 rubles.
2. Purchase of young livestock for growing full-fledged offspring - 1,000,000 rubles.
3. Milking room - 800,000 rubles.
4. Purchase of equipment, installation and purchase of tools - 200,000 rubles.
5. Tanker for the sale of milk - 500,000 rubles.
6. Purchase of feed - 50,000 rubles.
7. Business registration (other expenses) - 100,000 rubles.

Also financial business The plan provides for not only one-time expenses, but also permanent ones. These include:

1. Payment of utility bills.
2. Payroll for employees.
3. Payment of monthly land taxes.
4. Feed costs.
5. Insurance deductions.
6. Other expenses.

According to preliminary estimates, a goat farm of 100 heads will produce approximately 1,000 liters of milk every month. Selling even at the lowest price will allow you to receive stable income.

Taking into account unforeseen expenses and all kinds of losses, the revenue can be in the range of 500,000 rubles. With such indicators, the profitability of the business will reach the level of 48%. And this says that after 1.5 years of stable operation of the economy, the business at home pays off. It is not difficult to draw up a business plan for 50 heads, systematically dividing all expenses by half.

Workroom equipment

For uninterrupted operation standard project goat farm and milk production highest quality, you need to take care of the purchase of equipment. To do this, you must purchase:

• milking machines;
• separators for milk processing into sour cream, butter, cream;
• space heaters;
• means of ventilation.

Breeding and keeping heads

For start-up entrepreneurs, breeding and keeping goats in a personal backyard is not an easy task. If you have never encountered
farming, then you should study the special literature on how to grow, feed and maintain fertile offspring. Enlisting everyone necessary knowledge only then can you start breeding.

Goats are herbivores. For them, the green pasture is expanse for rapid growth and weight gain. Therefore, the farm area should be spacious enough for them to walk.

Also, one should not forget that goats are afraid of frost, but at the same time they quickly adapt to heat. Animal accommodation with inside should be dry and insulated. It needs to be equipped with a water supply, sewerage and heating appliances.

AT separate room animal feed can be stored. And the milk processing workshop must be kept clean and tidy according to environmental standards.

More milk yields can be obtained under conditions if the animals are grazing every day in the fresh air. In the summer, it is better to equip livestock with special pens so that they are not kept tied.

Animal feeding

The number of milk yields and the taste of milk directly depend on the diet of the animal. Therefore, they need to provide good nutrition with a vitamin complex.

AT winter time goats receive dried hay, branches of young trees and bushes as food. Feed must be included in the daily menu. A healthy pet needs up to 2 kg of hay per day, so in the summer, take care of its preparation in large quantities.

In summer, the cost of keeping a goat in terms of nutrition is small, because for her the main food is juicy green grass, fresh branches of young trees and their leaves.

In any season, to strengthen the immune system, the body of animals requires vitamin supplements. We should not forget about mineral complexes for the prevention of diseases in livestock.

home farm maintenance

It will not be possible for one person to breed and maintain a goat farm. Even for breeding goats for milk, not to mention other related products, helpers will be required. In addition to care, cleaning of premises, feeding animals, and supplying products for sale are required.

As workers on the farm you need:

• milking operators - 2 people;
• handymen - 2 people;
• accountant - 1 person;
• veterinarian - 1 person;
• supplier (seller) of products - 2 people.

In order to save money, the services of an accountant and a veterinarian can be used periodically. You have to make an agreement with them.

Please note: for 1000 heads you will need large quantity service personnel, because this fact is caused by an increase in production volume.

Opening a mini-farm: is it profitable to keep goats

Goat dairy products are rich in vitamins, calcium and protein. Milk is also an excellent folk healer for serious diseases (asthma, tuberculosis and bronchitis). And goat fat successfully treat chronic cough.

For cosmetic purposes, the animal product with the result is used to make creams, masks and mousses for the body and face. Cleopatra's rejuvenating baths are proof of this and have been used by beauty connoisseurs for decades.

And if a future entrepreneur thinks whether it is profitable or not to start such a production, then there is always an advantage in the direction of business profitability. Goat milk can be sold, handed over to specialized collection points, or milk can be processed to make products (sour cream, cream, cheese).

All of this listed item is sold at a higher cost, so there will certainly be a profit from its sale.

How to register your business

Starting a business in agriculture requires legal registration.

1. Choose legal form business. For a novice entrepreneur, as an option, IP (individual entrepreneurship) is a convenient form.
2. The code of the selected activity OKVED (goat breeding) is provided to the statistics authority.
3. Extract of the OGRN certificate (state number).
4. An application from a farmer for the purchase (lease) of a plot of land.
5. Help-permission to sell products from SES (sanitary and epidemiological service).
6. Help-permission from the fire department to operate the premises.
7. Extract from the permit from the environmental service.
8. Registering your own business.

For the collection of all required documents it will take about 3 months. To save your time, seek the help of a competent lawyer.

Additional farm income

If you have taken up goat breeding on a serious basis, then you can increase your income from the farm, based on the proposed options.

1. Sale of young animals.
2. Realization of meat.
3. Surrender to the harvesting points of the skin.
4. Manufacture of products based on milk.

Numerous reviews of farmers do not give doubt that with the right business building, you can achieve significant success in the field of agriculture.

Conclusion

The goat breeding business is a difficult but attractive area of ​​​​agricultural entrepreneurship. Profitability is on high level, and minimal competition allows you to get a stable income. The farm will be profitable if the entrepreneur has the necessary knowledge in the field of animal husbandry.

Skillful approach to business - guarantees a constant income and high profitability provided you are a villager. For the urban population, you can choose an alternative option that does not require finding territory and meadows for grazing.

Do you think the goat business is profitable?

I think yes

With the current consumption of dairy products in Russia, the opening of a mini-farm is optimal solution to start business. The farm for breeding goats and producing dairy products is promising both in terms of payback and for further expansion.

This material presents a detailed business plan for a goat farm. The article will tell about the features of the case and the necessary investments.

The situation on the Russian milk market

Russian market of dairy products in last years is not in the best condition. Since 2012, the consumption of milk and dairy products has been declining. However, according to experts, the situation will soon improve. In the future, we can expect a recovery and growth in consumption volumes.

The goat milk market is very poorly developed in Russia and the CIS countries. The vast majority of the product is produced by individual farms with a small number of livestock. The number of dairy goats in the country is estimated at 1.5-2 million heads.

Demand for goat's milk is on the rise, a healthy product that consumers are increasingly looking for on store shelves. The ban on European imports, the lack of competitors and growing demand are factors that will definitely positively affect the livestock business.

What goods can be produced on a farm?

Goats - small cattle - are able to give not only milk. Other products in demand include animal meat and goat hair. However, you can breed animals, sell them at fairs.

But most of the proceeds will come from the sale of milk. For several reasons:

• Goat meat is not in high demand among buyers. You need to be able to cook it correctly so that it turns out soft, without bad smell and taste.
• The production of goat wool will take a long time. We'll have to comb the goats, take care of them.

For each specialization, you need to choose your own breed: dairy, meat, downy or woolen goats.

In this material, we will consider the production and sale of milk.

Benefits of goat milk

Goat milk is considered the healthiest. This is a hypoallergenic product that is well absorbed by the body (5 times faster than cow's). It contains many vitamins and nutrients, including B12, which is necessary for hematopoiesis and regulation of metabolic processes. It also contains various vitamins of groups A, B, C, D, E, H, PP. Goat milk helps to get rid of beriberi. In general, it has a beneficial effect on the human body, the nervous and vascular systems, and bone tissue.

Goat's milk is best for a baby as a substitute for human milk.

By regularly consuming this product, you can recover from a number of diseases, including colitis, eczema, migraine, osteoporosis. These and other benefits of goat milk can and should be used when promoting the product.

Basic expenses for starting a business

Suppose we want to open a small goat farm for 50 heads. For its opening and further functioning, sufficient initial capital will be required. The main expenditure items are shown in the table below.

Table 1. Basic costs of opening a goat farm

Expenditure item	Cost, rub.
IP registration, obtaining permits
Construction of a farm, structures, interior work
Purchase, installation, adjustment of equipment
Purchase of dairy goats, young animals, males
Purchase of feed (for a month)
Wage, 5 pers.
Additional expenses (equipment, veterinary services)

Prices are based on a study of the offer in the global network.

The amount of food costs can vary - depending on how much product the farmer wants to receive. The "productivity" of goats is directly dependent on what they eat.

Land lease

It is necessary to build a complex of facilities for keeping animals and providing production processes. As a basis for a future farm, you can use an abandoned farm, many of which have remained since the collapse of the USSR and the crisis of the 1990s. However, in our plan, the building will be built from scratch.

To begin with, you should rent 0.5-0.7 hectares of land outside the city. It is important to choose a site suitable for construction, close to transport routes.

Part of the land will be directly occupied by the farm: a goat house, warehouses, utility rooms, production rooms with equipment. Most of the land will be required for walking the herd (pasture). Goats need outdoor walks for health and better milk yields.

The buildings

1. The goat house is an insulated, well-ventilated room for keeping goats. For 1 adult animal you need 2 square meters. m area. That is, 100-125 sq. m will be directly occupied by paddocks. There should also be a place for newborn kids (young animals) and males (kept separately).
2. A milking parlour, in which livestock will be milked with the help of special equipment. You can save money by installing a milking machine directly in the goat house.
3. Rooms for processing: filtration, cooling and pasteurization of milk, its packaging. Appropriate equipment is installed here.
4. room for refrigeration equipment where the products will be stored until they are sold, transported for sale.
5. Warehouse for storage of feed, hay, containers.
6. Rest and storage facilities for staff. This also includes rooms where employees will change into work clothes, showers and toilets.

Equipment

Goat breeding as a business will require the purchase of special equipment for storage, processing, preparation, and packaging of the product. The acquisition of equipment is one of the main expenditure items in organizing a business.

The technical room needs to be equipped with everything necessary equipment, including pumps, filters, tables, air conditioning. Modular dairy plants are sold on the Russian market - economic complexes prepared for work. Often the purchase of a ready-made dairy - the best option for an entrepreneur. Especially if the manufacturer-seller independently carries out installation and commissioning.

Breeding and feeding

1. Animals should eat only high-quality feed. Their health and the quality of the final product - that is, milk - depend on this. Use juicy, coarse and concentrated feed, compound feed. For the winter, it is recommended to stock up on fresh green fodder and hay. Water should be given clean, warm, twice a day.
2. It is optimal to breed goats for mating in the fall. Then to next year young growth will grow up and be able to go out to pasture. This will allow the kids to get stronger and grow faster. 1 goat-producer can inseminate 20-25 goats, but he should not be their relative - in this case, weak individuals will be born.

Staff

To maintain a mini-farm of 50 heads, a lot of personnel will not be required. A staff of 5 people will be able to monitor animals, cleanliness, manage equipment. Their tasks include feeding and all animal care, maintenance of equipment, maintaining cleanliness in the goat house, other farm premises, preparing products for delivery and, if there is a driver, logistics.

To work with machines does not require specialized education. It is enough to take a course in equipment management.

Creating a goat farm in the countryside provides another advantage: you can hire workers from local residents, and wages in the province are lower than urban ones. Due to this, costs can be reduced.

Payback calculation

Let's evaluate the profitability of breeding goats as a business.

1. The initial costs, in accordance with the calculations, will amount to 3.45 million rubles.
2. One goat can give an average of 5-8 liters of milk per day. Let's take this value equal to 7 liters - which means that from 50 goats per day you get 350 liters, per month - 10.5 tons of product.
3. The selling price of a liter of goat's milk is 100 rubles. It turns out that a month of milk can be sold for 1 million rubles (approximately).
4. The cost of 1 liter of the product is approximately 35-40 rubles. It remains 60 rubles. net profit. This is about 600 rubles. per month.

Even if you sell milk for 80 rubles, thereby attracting buyers favorable price, then about 400 thousand rubles will remain. With this in mind, the farm will pay off in about 9 months.

The sale of all products in the current market conditions is unlikely. But if half of the produced milk is sold, the business will become self-sufficient in 1.5-2 years.

Promotion

When organizing sales, marketing will have to pay Special attention due to the lack of mass love of the population for goat's milk and ignorance of its benefits. The consumer is not accustomed to this product, because it is practically not on sale.

The first step is to choose the right price. Goat milk is more expensive than cow milk, but this difference should be minimized.

• access to retail chains and organization of tastings in stores for everyone;
• together with stores, organize promotions for certain groups of the population (mothers with children, pensioners)
• distribution of leaflets, POS-materials, which describe the benefits of goat's milk.

Emphasis should be placed on the benefits of consuming goat's milk. It is useful to advertise in newspapers, the media and conduct sales yourself - through a barrel on wheels to sell homemade milk in residential areas of settlements.

Demand will grow along with sales volumes. Over time, regular customers will appear.

Conclusion

A business in the production and sale of goat milk is a promising idea. Now you can seize the moment, consolidate your position at the very beginning of the emergence of a new market in Russia. It should be remembered: in Holland the consumption of goat's milk is 20 liters per person, in our country - a few grams. The potential of the industry is huge, and it will no doubt be realized over time.

Expand the range gradually, buy additional equipment and start producing delicious cheeses, cottage cheese and other dairy products from goat's milk.

Our goat business plan will help the reader evaluate key features creation of a goat farm, will introduce you to the balance of income and expenses in the case.

Business in the agricultural field of activity, is able to bring considerable profit. This method of earning is especially relevant for residents of rural areas. Do not know ? We'll help you decide.

To begin with, it is very important to choose the right direction, to occupy a free, profitable niche, only then you can count on a stable income. Previously, we have already talked about breeding quails, raising pheasants and even parrots, but today we will consider at least profitable idea- breeding goats as a business.

Goat breeding as a business: profitability

Adults and children probably know about the beneficial properties of goat's milk. It is used both in nutrition and in medicine, cosmetology. In addition, wool and meat can be obtained from breeding goats. Most importantly, do not forget that only strong offspring are suitable for business, so mixing breeds is highly undesirable.

Before you start breeding goats, you should evaluate the profitability of the business. To do this, you need to analyze the level of demand for products and competition. You should also calculate all the costs of implementing a business idea, its payback period and profit.

I want to note that the competition in the field of goat breeding is not too big. But the demand for products is constant. From this we can conclude that the profitability of breeding goats as a business.

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Goat business plan

Before embarking on the implementation of the idea, it is imperative to draw up a competent business plan. It will help you to correctly distribute the available start-up capital and ensure that you receive a profit in short time. In the sections of the business plan for breeding goats, it is worth noting the financial and organizational aspects of the issue and calculating in detail all the costs, payback periods and profits from the business.

Business registration

If you decide to do business in agriculture, then your type of activity must be legally registered.

1. First of all, you should choose the substantive form of activity, as a rule, the majority stops at individual entrepreneurship, it is more profitable for start-up businessmen. It is also necessary to provide the statistics authorities with OKVED activity codes (breeding goats, selling dairy products). In addition, it is necessary to obtain a state number - a certificate of PSRN.
2. The next step is to apply to the administration for the lease or purchase of land for agricultural purposes.
3. Obtaining permits for the operation of the farm and the sale of products from the sanitary and epidemiological service and Rospotrebnadzor. Obtaining permits for the operation of the farm premises from the fire and environmental inspections.
4. Registration of ownership or lease agreement for land and premises.

An experienced lawyer will help you collect the entire package of necessary documents, this will significantly reduce your time.

Choosing a goat breed for breeding

The price of animals will depend on their breed. Therefore, at the initial stage, decide how much money you can spend on the purchase of thoroughbred animals. Buy goats on farms specializing in their cultivation, the animal must have all the documents confirming its breed and carried out preventive vaccinations against diseases.

The most popular breeds of goats for breeding at home: Gorky, Russian, Saanen, Tenburg.

Having decided on the breed, proceed to the next step - the improvement of the territory and premises for breeding and raising goats.

Breeding and keeping goats at home

Breeding goats at home for beginners is a rather difficult task. If you do not have special farming skills, then you need to study in detail all the literature on the rules for keeping, raising and breeding goats at home. Only after that, proceed to the process of breeding animals.

Building a farm from scratch is quite a financially costly business. It is more profitable to find empty premises in the countryside, former cowsheds or stables. Do minor repairs in such premises, and they will become suitable for keeping goats.

Land lease

Goats are herbivores that need constant grazing and walking, so the farm area should be spacious. If you don't own the land, rent the area to be planted perennial herbs for grazing goats.

Arrangement of the farm premises

Goats are heat-loving animals and cannot tolerate severe frosts. Therefore, it is worth equipping a room for their maintenance with everything necessary for a comfortable interruption of animals there. Inside, the room should be warm and dry, without drafts. It is recommended to carry out water supply, equip sewage, build your own boiler room to heat the room. It is also necessary to equip a separate workshop for milk processing and a room for storing animal feed.

It should be borne in mind that each animal should have an area of ​​​​at least 4 square meters. On the floor in the stall, be sure to have a clean straw bedding. It is also necessary to equip feeders and drinkers for goats. These animals grow better and give more milk if they graze in the fresh air, consider this nuance. AT warm time build paddocks where animals can freely graze without a leash.

Farm Equipment

The main product that you will receive from a goat farm is, of course, milk. Therefore, it is required to purchase milking machines for goats. In order to save money, many farmers are redesigning the cow milking machine with the understanding that goats only need two suction cups per udder. Foreign-made milking machines for goats, for example, DeLaval, are quite expensive, so not everyone can buy them, but the converted ones are no worse, but much more economical in price.

Goat feeding

The quality and quantity of milk will directly depend on the nutrition of animals. Therefore, it is necessary to provide goats with a complete, healthy and vitamin diet.

In the summer, goats feed mainly on green grass, hay, and compound feed can also be used as complementary food. In addition, it is necessary to add a variety of vitamin supplements to the feed to strengthen the immune system and prevent animal diseases.

In winter, goats consume, as a rule, hay or bunches of branches of young trees harvested in summer. On average, an adult animal consumes about 1.5-2 kg of hay per day. Therefore, in the summer you need to prepare a lot of feed for your goat farm.

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Goat farm maintenance

Breeding and keeping goats at home for start-up entrepreneurs is quite difficult. cope with even a small goat farm pretty hard. Therefore, it is advisable to hire assistants. Animals require constant care, feeding, cleaning, processing and delivery of dairy products to the points of its reception. As you can see, it is almost impossible for one person to cope with all this.

To get started, hire one or two assistants, depending on the size of the farm. Also, there should be a veterinarian on staff, because animals can get sick, this is very serious, do not save on the services of a professional.

Profit from a goat farm

Milk products

Most often, goats are bred for milk and related products such as cheese, cream, butter. A lot can be said about the benefits of goat milk, it contains immunoglobulin, which is used for medical purposes for the treatment and prevention of serious diseases (tuberculosis, asthma, bronchitis). Milk also contains a lot of calcium, protein and vitamins, it is an excellent substitute for breast milk when feeding babies. Goat milk is also used in cosmetology; Cleopatra's rejuvenating baths have probably been heard by all fashionistas.

The amount of milk produced and the quality of milk depends on the breed of goat. Some even give about 5-6 liters per day, for example, goats of the Saanen breed.

Goat milk can be taken to collection points or engaged in the production of related products: cheese, butter, cream. Such goods can be sold much more expensive.

Sale of young animals

In addition to milk, you can sell young animals to farmers. A certain amount should be left for further expansion of the herd, and the rest of the animals can be sold profitably. Young kids are used for slaughtering for meat, it is very tasty and has useful properties.

Sales of products

It is very important to take care of a profitable distribution channel finished products. You can process milk and. Alternatively, you can sell products, or limit yourself exclusively to the delivery of milk to buyers.