Pea-bearing cypress is a stylish decoration of a summer cottage. Cypress pea 'Filifera Aurea Nana', photo, description, conditions of care, application

Description: common in Japan, in the mountains it rises to a height of 500 m a.s.l. m. Prefers moist soils, avoiding calcareous.

Tree 25-30 (-50) m a.s.l. with a cone-shaped crown and horizontally spread branches. The bark is reddish-brown, falling into thin strips. shoots last year depart from the axial fan-shaped. The needles are dark green above bottom side with white stomatal stripes. Flat leaves about 1.5 mm long., 0.8-1 mm wide., ovate, saber-curved, obtusely keeled on the back, with an indistinct gland, suddenly pointed. Lateral leaves are equal in length to planar ones, strongly flattened laterally. Cones on short petioles, small, spherical, 4-8 mm in diam., brown, from 7-12 wrinkled scales depressed in the center. The scales have a slightly wrinkled surface, behind each scale there are 1-2 seeds with a wide, transparent, thin wing. On both surfaces of the seed there are 5-6 small resin glands.

Chamaecyparis pisifera "Echiniformis"
Photo Shakhmanova Tatiana

Photophilous. AT Western Europe introduced in 1861, in the Crimea - since 1859. It has been successfully cultivated in St. Petersburg since 1860, is available in the BIN and LTA botanical gardens, as well as at the Otradnoye scientific experimental station. In the first years of life, it grows slowly, with age, growth accelerates.

Under culture conditions, it requires fertile soils and periodic watering. Poorly put up with dry air, responds well to sprinkling. Does not tolerate smoke and calcareous soils. Propagated by seeds that are spring sowing soaked in water for 12 hours, cuttings and grafting.

Susceptible to snow breaking, especially when wet snow sticks. In St. Petersburg, this happens more often at the beginning of winter. Here it is quite winter-hardy in protected places, freezes over in severe winters, but tolerates them, reaches more than 10 m in height and is grown from local seeds. In the North-West of Russia it can grow in warmer and more sheltered locations, open ventilated and excessively and stagnantly moist places should be avoided.

Used in group and single plantings. Valuable park tree, mainly for single plantings in the south of Russia, in Central Asia. Wood in the homeland is used mainly for the manufacture of riveting.

It has many cultivars that successfully grow in the temperate zone of Russia.

A variety of forms and high frost resistance of a number of varieties make it possible to widely use this beautiful view in landscape gardening in moderately cold, humid areas, and more drought-resistant juvenile forms - in arid areas. Due to the abundance of decorative forms, its use is diverse.

Argenteovariegata. It grows, like the species, up to 10 m high. The twigs at the ends of the shoots are often white-motley. Before 1918

"Compacta". Dwarf form, up to 1 m high and wide. The crown is flat, squat, much higher than that of Nana. All shoots with dark green needles. The twigs are densely standing and only slightly bent inward; there are fast-growing straight shoots that form dense foliage only on next year. In nurseries, this form is often confused with the similar, but more delicate and undersized "Nana".

"Compacta variegata". The dwarf form is the same as the "Compacta" mutation close to it. Shoots with yellowish or yellow tips. This form is more common than green.

"Filifera aureovariegata". Undersized, 1-1.5 m high, very similar to "F. aureovariegata", but not white-and-white, but yellow-and-white.

"Filifera nana aurea"- F. aurea nana

"Filifera sungold". Dwarf form. Height up to 1 m, crown diameter up to 2 m. The crown is wide-conical. The bark is reddish brown. The needles are scaly, golden yellow. The branches are rougher than those of F. "aurea", only light green, tolerates the sun's rays, while other yellow forms receive burns. Grows slowly. Photophilous. Prefers fertile moist soils, does not grow well in dry ones. It is frost-resistant, but in severe winters it can sometimes freeze slightly. From Denmark (Yeddelo). Application: solitary plantings, groups, planting on rocky hills

"gold spangle". The form is dense-pin-shaped, up to 8 m high. The branches are spaced. Twigs partially short, slightly recurved; light yellow, partly filiform and yellow gold. Mutation "S. pisifera "Filifera aurea". Before 1937 Croster Arboretum, Boskop.

Nana. Low, slow-growing shrub, crown shape is squat or cushion-shaped. At 40, the height is not more than 60 cm and the width of the bush is 1.5 m. The twigs are fan-shaped and very dense, with curved edges and curly ends. The needles are scaly, very small, bluish-green in color. Introduced into cultivation in 1891 Propagated by cuttings, rooting rate of which is 57%. Recommended for group plantings on the lawn; singly can be planted on an alpine hill.

Nana Aurea Slow-growing evergreen tree reaching 60-90 cm in height over time. Prefers fertile soil, open sun and protection from cold winds.

Nana aureovariegata. Appearance as in the previous form, but differs in a gray-yellow coating. 1874

"Plumosa albopicta". Undersized form, up to 2 m high. The needles are very soft, dark green. Young plants are especially beautiful in winter and summer.

"Plumosa argenyea". Somewhat lower and thinner; than "Plumosa"; dark green with small shoots. Japan. 1861

Plumosa compacta. The form is wide-pointed, very squat, slowly growing, up to 2 m high. Twigs and branches are short and spaced; slightly hanging ends, densely covered with twigs. Needle-shaped leaves (transitional form), as in "Plumosa"; soft, blue above, green below. Probably a seedling from Plumosa. Discovered in Ede, Holland, before 1949.

"Squarrosa argentea". Shrub up to 2 m. Needles like "Squarrosa", but more beautiful, silver-gray. (- C. pisifera squarrosa argentea compacta). 1843, imported from Japan to Belgium by Siebold.

"Squarrosa aurea". Fast growing like the species, but the foliage is more or less yellow-pink. Known since 1866. Healthy form.

"Squarrosa dumosa". The form is bushy-rounded, dense, up to 1 m high. The branches are short. The branches are dense. The needles are relatively large, gray-green in summer, with a bronze coating in winter. Until 1892 found in the botanical garden in Berlin. good plant for Japanese, alpine, heather and small gardens. Even unformed, it looks decorative, like a bonsai. However, the application is constrained by insufficient winter hardiness. Withstands the climate of St. Petersburg with proper site selection and good care. First appeared in the Berlin Botanical Garden before 1890, in St. Petersburg in the BIN Garden since 1989.

"Squarrosa Intermedia". Peculiar, slightly bushy, but straight form with needles and scaly leaves. In culture, most often round-shaped plants. The leaves are blue needle-like (3 each). Later, thin and long straight shoots appear with separate small dark green scaly leaves. A fairly common form of unknown origin. In cultivation since 1923, the round-shaped plant is sometimes referred to as "Dwarf blue" (Gresse).

"Squarrosa lutea". The shape is rounded, up to 80 cm high. The needles are very long (about 7-8 mm), constantly golden yellow. Until 1949, Koster and son, Boskop. Very attractive, sensitive to frost and wind.

"Squarrosa minima". Dwarf form, similar to S. intermedia, to which it occasionally reverts. The needles are thickened, at the top with 2 lateral tubules; the edge around the center line is green, below with 2 white stripes. Frequent deviations must be removed immediately.

Landing coniferous shrub- a win-win way to ennoble a summer cottage by creating a strict but attractive landscape accent. Pea-bearing cypress of the Filifera nana variety with its impressive winter hardiness is one of the best contenders for the role of an evergreen valet in a round dance of flower beds and rabatok. Learn all about the history of the variety, the nuances of planting and caring for cypress, look at the photo of the plant and choose a worthy place for it in your garden design.

Cypress pea - Japanese ambassador in a green tailcoat

The name of this plant is misleading. Its generic name translates from Latin as "forest cypress", but it does not resemble the proud pyramidal candle of a real cypress. On the contrary, it is a squat shrub, reminiscent of the disheveled hair of a brownie or repainted in green color Morra from Moomin tales.

The specific name "pea-bearing" is also misleading, because conifers never form true fruits. Cones look like dark brown peas, abundantly decorating the plant almost all year round.

The homeland and the only free habitat of the cypress are the mountain forests of Japan. wild representatives of this species, indeed, stretch to 30 m in height and form a regular conical crown with their horizontal branches. However, the Japanese, with their love for dwarf forms, have bred more than 200 small varieties of cypress, among which Filifera nana is one of the lowest.

It is also the most winter-hardy among its relatives, so in 1861 it was introduced first in the British Isles, and then throughout Europe, quickly gaining popularity with its exotic beauty and frost resistance. It can be planted even in the 4th climate zone Russia, which includes most of the country above the 50th parallel, excluding the tundra and the Arctic.

Attention! Frost resistance is not always accompanied by the ability to resist heat, so for the southern, especially subtropical regions, it is better to choose other varieties of cypress.

Biological and decorative features of the pea-bearing cypress

Cypress belongs to the group of evergreens coniferous plants, the leaves of which nature has transformed into scales. Most of each scale adheres to the stem, and only its tip remains free. The scales overlap each other, giving the impression of a green fish side or tiles.

In the Filifera nana variety, the needles are rich green on top and decorated with a few white strokes on the bottom. It looks spectacular against the background of red-brown bark and is set off by scatterings of small, no more than a penny in diameter, dark cones.

In height, the plant reaches no more than 40 cm, but it grows in breadth, capturing up to a meter of space with its drooping branches. The shoots are clearly thinning towards the tips, turning almost into threads, which causes a feeling of tenderness and airiness.

For a comfortable existence, the cypress does not ask for much:

• a sunny place, but without scorching rays, from which it will have to be shaded;
• fertile soil with an average acidity index: 4.5-5.5;
• constant soil moisture without overdrying, but also without flooding.

Like other conifers, cypress does not tolerate air pollution, because it does not have the ability to change polluted leaves annually. But he has few competitors in terms of resistance to cold: the roots and shoot system can withstand up to 35 degrees below zero.

Advice. Do not be lazy to cut dry and damaged shoots in a timely manner - this will increase the decorative effect of the shrub and help it resist insects that gnaw on the bark.

Where and how to plant pea cypress

So that a low shrub does not get lost among other vegetation, it is necessary to choose a place for it where it will not merge with the greenery and will be on display from all sides. Best results will be obtained by placing it in following styles garden:

• heather - in contrast with the brightly flowering northern erics;

• Chinese - a low shrub will fit perfectly into its principle of a clear hierarchy;
• Japanese - where the cypress can even play the main part;
• Dutch - welcoming compact forms of plants;
• with a lot of stones: rockery, alpine hill, gravel garden - here it will be located as a fluffy green pillow against a calm gray stone background.

Cypress varieties Filifera nana can be planted singly, if the general decorative solution garden, or in small groups, 2-3 bushes. It looks great next to garden pond or a fountain, serves as an excellent backdrop for roses, astilba, colorful barberries, easily focuses attention on a bench or ceramic figure.

Advice. Dwarf cypress trees grow very slowly and for a long time, so they can be planted in containers and, if necessary, moved around the site, changing the design pattern.

Cypress seedlings are planted in the spring. To maintain the longevity of this plant, it is recommended to check the acidity level of the soil before planting. If it is close to neutral, then it is necessary to put a layer of high-moor peat 10-15 cm thick in the planting pit. In no case do not lime the soil, but drainage and a layer of compost will be needed.

It is important to ensure that the root neck remains at ground level after compacting the soil, otherwise the bush will not grow at all or will die.

Proper care of cypress

In the spring, with a sudden plentiful sun, the plant can suffer from burns, so two greenhouse arcs can be temporarily placed next to or crosswise over it and covered over them with a light cloth. The protection is removed after the snow has completely melted. At the same time, you can carefully feed the shrub with complex fertilizer. If there is a need for a transplant or crown formation, these operations are also carried out in the spring.

Since May, the main problem of cypress with its not very powerful root system can be drought. Water this conifer better method sprinkling until the soil is completely soaked. Stop watering before the moment when the soil can no longer absorb moisture.

Despite the outstanding winter hardiness of the cypress variety Filifera nana, it is better to cover young specimens for the winter with spruce branches or spunbond, remembering that polyethylene film it is not suitable for this purpose - the plant will swell under it.

The dwarf cypress is a fresh and stylish addition to your garden. If you choose the right place to accommodate the conifer crumbs and take care of it carefully, like a Japanese bonsai, it will delight more than one generation of owners.

Cypress pea: video

Pea-bearing cypress Filifera Nana is a highly ornamental conifer, an evergreen plant, which in wild nature grows in the mountains of Japan. This tree is very actively used by landscape designers in the design of home gardens and parks. Philifera cypress has firmly taken its position in garden design, because this plant, despite all its decorative effect, is very unpretentious. Planting and caring for the plant does not require any special knowledge. But, nevertheless, some features in the cultivation of cypress are worth considering.

Description

The crown of this tree is a narrow cone with horizontal branches.

Branches covered with very small needles droop beautifully down. The needles are colored differently, may be with black strokes.

The fruits of the plant are cones that are planted on scaly petioles. In the first year after planting, the plant bears fruit, and looks very decorative during this period.

AT middle lane these trees freeze during the winter, so they need to be sheltered from frost.

Landing and care

The soil

Both the appearance of the tree and the rate of its growth directly depend on the indicators of the soil. The plant prefers loose, moderately moist soil. Ideally, if you plant cypress in loam, as this soil holds moisture better. It is advisable to plant cypress in well-drained soil. Under no circumstances should the plant be planted in calcareous soil, because in this case it will not develop well.

Site selection

This plant prefers open areas or light partial shade. It is very undesirable to plant a tree in areas in the lowlands, with close occurrence ground water or stagnant water. Ideally, if you plant a cypress in a moderately lit area, where melt water does not linger in spring.

A healthy and strong seedling is a guarantee successful cultivation cypress. You can not buy a seedling with open roots. The fact is that all conifers do not tolerate overdrying of the roots, and young plant may simply die after landing.

Desirable planting material buy in nurseries. This way you will be sure that you bought the variety that you needed and that the seedling is healthy. Turn over the container with the seedling - if the earth does not crumble, but falls out in one lump, then the plant has been planted for a long time. You should not buy a seedling that was recently planted in a container. Be sure to inspect the young plant - the tips of the needles should be without signs of drying out, be fresh and juicy green.

Read also: garden jasmine– Blizzard and other varieties

Landing time

On the permanent place in the garden, cypress should be planted in spring time, best in April, when the soil and air warm up a little. Although it is possible autumn planting, but practice shows that plants planted in spring take root better and grow faster.

How to plant

The site for planting should be taken care of in the fall - the soil is dug up, and peat and sand are added to it.

1. Already in the spring, they dig a hole up to 90 cm deep, at the bottom of which drainage is arranged. The pit should warm up a little.
2. After drainage, nutrient soil is poured on top, mixed with peat and sand, humus is added. soil in landing pit must be loose.
3. During planting, any complex mineral fertilizers for garden plants can be added to the pit.
4. The seedling is taken out of the container very carefully so as not to destroy the clod of earth around the roots, and planted.
5. After planting, the ground around the roots is tamped and watered well. Mulching is a must.

When planting, make sure that the root neck is not too deep. The first time after planting, the young plant should be shaded from the sun and constantly sprayed.

What is the most important thing in care

This plant is very moisture-loving, and therefore the main thing in care is keeping the soil moist. It is necessary to water the cypress tree often, up to two or three times a week. When watering under each plant, it is enough to pour a bucket of water. Also, cypress should be constantly sprayed or watered from above with a scattered jet.

Mulching

Mulch will greatly facilitate the care of the plant - it will not be necessary to water so often and constantly break through the weeds. You can mulch with sawdust, peat, mowed lawn grass. The thickness of the mulch layer must be at least 7 cm.

Frost protection

For the winter, plants, especially young ones, need shelter. A thick layer of mulch and spruce branches will save from freezing of surface roots and lower branches. Adult plants should be tied and wrapped with spruce branches before winter. Although adult specimens can endure cold snaps without shelter, it is still better to “hide” cypress from frost.

In mid-April, the shelter can already be removed. Dried branches are removed from the tree after winter, damage to the bark is covered with garden pitch. As soon as the soil thaws, the trees should be well watered and fed with a complex mineral fertilizer.

Read also: Chubushnik Schneeshturm and everything about him

Fertilization

In the spring, the cypress tree will gratefully accept fertilizing with fertilizers that contain nitrogen. You can simply scatter mineral fertilizer granules around the bushes.

In summer, phosphate fertilizers should be applied under the trees, and in the autumn, the plant needs potassium.

Cypress Philifera Nana is very responsive to the introduction of organic matter. You can sprinkle bushes with compost, especially on poor sandy soils. You can fertilize with humus.

Groups of cypress pea

Several groups of pea cypress have been identified, which are grown in open ground in our gardens.

This is a very beautiful, highly decorative variety with bluish needles. Under the sun's rays, the very fluffy, soft needles of the plant shimmer with silver. The tree has a conical shape, a very dense crown with a reddish bark.

An adult copy of the Bulevard variety can reach a height of 2 meters, which should be taken into account when planting trees in a group. In diameter, the plant can reach one meter.

This variety feels great and grows well on fertile, slightly acidic, well-drained soil. Boulevard trees can even put up with partial shade, but planting in a lighted area is more preferable.

Immediately after the snow melts in the spring, young plants should be protected from direct sunlight in order to preserve the decorative effect of the needles. The variety is winter-hardy, but in winters with little snow it is better to cover the trees with spruce branches.

The variety looks very impressive at the first level on Alpine rollercoaster, in the first years of life. It can also be planted on the second floor of the alpine slides.
The Bulevard cypress looks simply charming, and its blue needles looks great both in woody-floral compositions and in single plantings. To improve the decorative qualities of the variety, plants need to be pinched, controlling the development of the crown. When growing cypress, it is important to consider that all parts of the tree are very poisonous.

Variety Chamaecyparis pisifera "Squarrosa"

A very gentle, whimsical variety that can only grow in well-lit areas. The crown of the tree is cone-shaped, the stems are covered with curly, bluish-green needles. In autumn, the needles change color to brown. The variety is demanding on soil moisture, and does not tolerate even a short drought very well.

Plants of this variety must be fertilized very carefully. mineral compositions, since an excess of top dressing reduces its decorative effect. The variety is winter-hardy, but in the middle lane it is still better to shelter it from cold winds and frosts.

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Squarrosa' grows very slowly and is often grown in containers because of this. Perfectly decorate a rock garden, garden paths. During the year, tender trees gain only about 25 cm in height and up to 15 cm in width. Only in the fourth or fifth decade of life can a tree reach a height of 10 meters.

Read also: Proper Care behind the delphinium after flowering

Variety Chamaecyparis pisifera-"Filifera"

Very slow growing, short, highly decorative variety with graceful, thin shoots and yellow-green needles. Prefers fertile soil, needs regular watering and sprinkling. It can put up with light partial shade, but loves the bright sun.

The compact size of plants of this variety makes it possible to plant them on alpine hills, in borders. mature plant reaches only 2.5 meters in height.

Sort Сhamaecyparis pisifera "Filifera Sungold"

Сhamaecyparis pisifera "Filifera Sungold" looks great in group plantings. Even mature plants can grow on alpine slides

It is a small shrub, with bright, unusual coloration needles and long, graceful branches. Very slow growing, loves well-drained soil. The maximum height of shrubs is only 1 meter. The plant grows to this height in about 10 years. The base of the shrub is quite wide, and tapers upwards cone-shaped. This variety is very fond of sunny areas, does not put up with urban conditions, as it cannot tolerate polluted air. In frosty winters, plants need good shelter.

Variety Plumosa

The variety is unpretentious and undemanding in care. Plumose trees reach a height of up to 10 meters. Very poorly tolerates soil with a high content of lime, prefers fertile land, well drained. During the year, a tree of this variety can gain up to 20 cm in height, and grow 15-20 cm in width. Adult specimens reach a diameter of 5 meters.

The variety is very decorative - its thin, graceful branches droop beautifully, and the needles have a pleasant, juicy green color. AT winter period the tree changes the color of the needles to brown, which adorns winter Garden. All varieties of Plumosa are great for creating park groups and for single plantings. The tree can put up with the shadow, tolerates the city's gas pollution well. The only thing that Plumose varieties need is sprinkling in a drought.

On your personal plot there will definitely be appropriate place for planting cypress. By choosing a successful variety that will not be picky about care, you can give your garden new colors. Cypress trees are very beautiful, ornamental plants that can become the main decoration of the site.

Description

Slow-growing shrub, grows up to 10 years, reaches 0.5 m in height and 0.8 m in width. The crown is flat-spherical.

Shoots hanging, filiform (rather rope-like), long. The needles are scaly, pressed, yellow-golden.

Cypress pea "Filifera" Aurea Nana" soil is not picky, although it prefers fertile, moist soils. It grows worse on calcareous and dry soils. Photophilous. Winter-hardy. Do not cut, dry and damaged shoots are removed in the spring.

Cypress pea "Filifera Aurea Nana" used for planting in rock gardens, for complex color compositions. Like all filamentous forms, it looks spectacular against the background of stones and brickwork.

Life Form: Conifer tree or shrub

Crown: Globular or cushion-shaped, dense.

Growth rate: Slow. The annual growth is 5 cm high and 10 cm wide.

Height 1.5 m, crown diameter 3 m.

Durability: 300 years

Fruits: Cones, round, brown, 0.6 to 1 cm.

Needles: Scaly, golden yellow.

Coloring:

Decorative: Cypress pea "Filifera Aurea Nana" needles look very nice.

Usage: Single plantings, decorative groups.

Growing conditions

to the light: light-loving

to moisture: moisture-loving

to the soil: fertile

to temperature: frost-resistant

Homeland: Germany Landing and care

Landing Features: It is better to plant in partial shade, and forms with yellow needles - only in the sun. Do not plant in lowlands where cold air lingers.

Soil mix: Humus, soddy land, peat, sand - 3:2:1:2. mineral fertilizer(5-6 kg of peat compost), mixing it with the ground. Optimal acidity - pH 4.5 - 5.5

Top dressing: Spring near trunk circles scatter Kemira (100-150 g), embed it in the soil, water it. In April-May, nitroammophoska (30-40 g) is applied.

Watering: Plants are sensitive to lack of moisture in soil and air. Regular spraying is recommended: once a week. Watering - 1 bucket of water per plant, water twice as often in dry weather. High summer temperatures adversely affect young plants, they are shaded and additionally sprayed and watered more often.

Loosening: After abundant watering, shallow (15-20 cm), combined with weeding.

Mulching: Peat or wood chips with a layer of 5-7 cm. Pruning: In the spring, removal of dry branches is mandatory. It is possible to form a crown. Forming is easy.

Pests:

Preparing for winter: If there is not enough snow in winter, cover at the roots with dry leaves or peat with a layer of 10 cm.

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