Concreting of column walls. Concrete columns: design and installation. Do-it-yourself step-by-step instructions for installing panel formwork for columns

The column is a carrier engineering structure, which, in addition to a practical function, also performs a decorative purpose. Today, columns to ensure the vertical rigidity of the building can be made of metal or reinforced concrete.

In its turn reinforced concrete structures, are most widely used due to various kinds of advantages. For this reason, in the manufacture of columns with their own hands, the greatest preference is given to concrete products. How the concreting of columns is carried out will be described below.

It should be said right away that the manufacture of concrete columns with your own hands is a time-consuming and costly process, as in physical plane as well as financially. Before you start doing reinforced concrete columns you should study the relevant technology as much as possible, watch a video on the Internet and prepare the tool necessary for this work.

Then you will need to decide on the shape of the future column, since it can be: round, rectangular, or square. Of the tools for the manufacture of columns, first of all you will need:

Building level;
Plumb;
Hammer and hacksaw for wood;
Bulgarian;
Roulette;
concrete mixer;
Shovels and other devices for working with mortar.

From the materials you will need:

Boards for the manufacture of formwork;
Armature (12mm) or metal grid;
knitting wire;
Anchor bolts;
Clamps.

Do-it-yourself column construction is divided into such stages - reinforcement, formwork installation and concreting assembled structure. Let's look at each of the above steps in turn.

For reinforcement of reinforced concrete columns, reinforcement of at least 12 mm is used. Even before the start of the formwork assembly, a metal frame is assembled in the shape of a square, consisting of four main rods at the corners. If the column will have a height of more than 3 meters, then special blind areas must be made every two meters.

When the column has a small height, the metal frame can be installed in a pre-assembled form, immediately into the formwork after its installation. With each other, the reinforcement is fastened either with a knitting wire, or with special clamps designed for this purpose.

Formwork for concreting columns, as a rule, is assembled from boards, according to pre-measured internal dimensions. It is necessary to take into account the large load on the formwork when pouring concrete, so it is necessary to unfasten the boards during its assembly very carefully.

Be sure to install slope supports from the sides of the assembled formwork, before pouring it with concrete mortar. If the column will have a greater height, then its build-up is carried out during pouring with concrete, and also with the obligatory installation of slope struts.

Concrete for pouring columns is not used the same as, for example, in construction monolithic foundation. Its main parameter in this case is mobility. For most columns, a concrete solution with P2 mobility is used, and when pouring heavily reinforced ones, concrete with a mobility of at least P4 is used.

An important process in the concreting of columns is the tamping of the concrete mixture, which is produced in such a way specialized equipment as deep and external pumps. When making concrete columns with your own hands, get rid of air locks in concrete allows tapping the formwork walls with a hammer.

In the process of concreting columns, it is always necessary to monitor whether the metal frame has shifted inside the installed formwork. If necessary, its location should be adjusted strictly vertically and in its center.

Do-it-yourself concrete for pouring columns consists of cement grade not lower than M400, sand and gravel. If we talk about its proportions, then they look like this - for 1 part of cement, 1 part of sand and 4 parts of gravel are required.

Concrete bearing structures used in construction to provide buildings with vertical rigidity. They transfer the entire load of the building to the ground and are a very important element in construction.

There are several types of such structures. Each type has a certain load capacity, flexibility coefficient, advantages and disadvantages. Usually columns are used in construction multi-storey buildings, strengthening balconies and terraces. Designs can be made in an original way and give the building a richer, more interesting appearance. Also, concrete columns can be round, square or rectangular.

Varieties of concrete structures

There are monolithic and prefabricated concrete columns. Prefabricated structures attract with their cost and assembly speed, due to the fact that the blocks are manufactured in factories, delivered to the construction site and only then assembled. are poured right at the construction site, which means that you have to spend a lot of time waiting for the mixture to dry. Also, for monolithic structures, it is necessary to prepare a high-quality frame and formwork in advance.

Advantages of concrete columns

Concrete columns are highly durable. Such designs are durable, fire resistant and do an excellent job with atmospheric influences. Due to the prevalence of materials, the price for them is quite low.

Disadvantages of concrete columns

Despite the large number of advantages, it also has disadvantages.
If the calculations of the expected load were made with errors, then cracks in the structure and even its destruction are possible in the future.

Selecting the type of concrete column

There are several things to consider when choosing the type of concrete columns. important factors. These factors include:

climate type;
soil features at the construction site;
the expected level of load on the structure;
number of storeys and size of the building.

To select a design, it is recommended to contact several specialists for advice. It is better to calculate a concrete column together with professionals in construction companies, because by making calculations on your own, you can make serious mistakes. If you are unable to seek help from construction company, the calculations can be made online. Remember that this is a very important and responsible stage of construction. The strength and reliability of iron depends on the correct choice and calculations. concrete structure and the building as a whole.

When calculating a concrete column, it is necessary to take into account:

Column type.
Quantity and
Estimated load (it is worth noting that this indicator also takes into account the weight of the column itself).
Quality and class of concrete.
Column size.

Concrete column design and pouring process

To assemble precast concrete structures, you will need equipment and work force, it will not take much time, so we will not consider such a process.

It is much more difficult to pour monolithic concrete columns. Installation must be carried out at the construction site.

After choosing a monolithic type of construction and calculation required amount material, you should start preparing the process of pouring the columns. It is necessary to choose a metal for fittings that has strength and weldability. It must also have good adhesion to concrete.

Before proceeding with the assembly of the formwork, you need to clear the area around. It is desirable to make the formwork in the form of a cylinder, the diameter of which coincides with the diameter of the future column. Around the cylinder is covered with earth, and a concrete mixture is poured inside it. The frame of the column should be mounted from a strong, thick one should be as long as possible and fastened with wire to the rods protruding from a pre-prepared foundation. When the frame is fully assembled, the reinforcement should be wrapped with a sheet of galvanized steel. Galvanized steel must be fixed as best as possible, as at the time of pouring, a large load is expected on them. After preparing the structure, you can proceed to pouring the concrete mixture, the choice of which must also be taken with full responsibility. Filling should be done in equal layers. The solution must be periodically compacted so that air bubbles do not appear in the structure. If necessary, the formwork and the reinforcement frame should be corrected.

After pouring the concrete structure, it is necessary to dismantle the formwork. Dismantling should begin only after the concrete mixture has completely solidified, when the structure has completely acquired required characteristics. Dismantling is not an easy process, so it is advisable to entrust this to specialists who know in what sequence the formwork structure should be dismantled. It is important during the dismantling process not to damage the column and keep it intact, therefore, before starting, you need to make sure that the concrete is strong.

Features of the installation of reinforced concrete structures

The installation of columns is a very time-consuming process and it is quite difficult to cope with it on your own, so we recommend that you seek help from specialist builders.

If desired, this design can be replaced with a small wall made of bricks. You can make such a wall yourself, and it will cost less. Its disadvantage is that it will not withstand too much load.

Also, don't forget about the supporting structures in the center of the building, as they are a very important structural element. The installation of such supports practically does not differ from the installation of supports located along the edges of the structure. The only difference is that the reinforcement must be used with a metal section.

Replacement of concrete columns

Depending on the purpose of using the columns, they can be replaced with the following materials:

square steel pipes(can be used in the construction of a one-story or two-story house, at the corners of the building).
Brick columns (it is undesirable to use if a large load is planned, since the material is less durable and may not withstand the weight of the structure).
Wooden structures that can be made of timber or logs (it is possible to use in structures similar to a veranda, gazebo).

For almost all of these structures, as well as for mounting concrete slabs, it is necessary to use and attract several specialists.

It is worth noting once again that the process of pouring columns with a concrete mixture is very time-consuming, which means that it is difficult to do it yourself. It requires great responsibility, skills and abilities to work with these materials. In the process of concreting, it is necessary to follow many rules that were listed above.

Column concreting

The column is a supporting engineering structure, which, in addition to a practical function, also performs a decorative purpose. Today, columns to ensure the vertical rigidity of the building can be made of metal or reinforced concrete.

In turn, reinforced concrete structures are most widely used due to various advantages. For this reason, in the manufacture of columns with their own hands, the greatest preference is given to concrete products. How the concreting of columns is carried out will be described below.

Column concreting

It should be said right away that the manufacture of concrete columns with your own hands is a time-consuming and costly process, both physically and financially. Before you start making reinforced concrete columns, you should study the appropriate technology as much as possible, watch a video on the Internet and prepare the tool necessary for this work.

Then you will need to decide on the shape of the future column, since it can be: round, rectangular, or square. Of the tools for the manufacture of columns, first of all you will need:

Building level;
Plumb;
Hammer and hacksaw for wood;
Bulgarian;
Roulette;
concrete mixer;
Shovels and other devices for working with mortar.

From the materials you will need:

Boards for the manufacture of formwork;
Reinforcement (12mm) or metal mesh;
knitting wire;
Anchor bolts;
Clamps.

Do-it-yourself column construction is divided into such stages - reinforcement, formwork installation and concreting of the assembled structure. Let's look at each of the above steps in turn.

Do-it-yourself pouring of concrete columns

Formwork for concreting columns, as a rule, is assembled from boards, according to previously measured internal dimensions. It is necessary to take into account the large load on the formwork when pouring concrete, so it is necessary to unfasten the boards during its assembly very carefully.

Concrete for pouring columns is not used the same as, for example, in the construction of a monolithic foundation. Its main parameter in this case is mobility. For most columns, a concrete solution with P2 mobility is used, and when pouring heavily reinforced ones, concrete with a mobility of at least P4 is used.

An important process in the concreting of columns is the compaction of the concrete mixture, which is produced by such specialized equipment as deep and external pumps. When making concrete columns with your own hands, tapping the walls of the formwork with a hammer allows you to get rid of air pockets in concrete.

samastroyka.ru

How to make concrete columns with your own hands?

Columns in the building system perform both a decorating function and an actual one - they are considered the principal load-bearing component of the structure. And since, by default, it is expected that the supports will become heavily loaded, then naturally they must be made in maximum compliance with all existing generally recognized standards and rules. In this note, we will tell you how concrete columns are correctly poured, as if it is important to take into account here and that it is categorically not recommended to work in any way. These systems are divided, so far only, into these main groups: Round; Rectangular;

Square. Since we will not examine the installation of finished products in any way, but we will talk carefully about the device of monolithic supports, it is worthwhile to navigate the claims to such supports. the object on which the supports are installed; The purpose of the object - since the degree of future overload on the columns directly depends on this; Type of soil at the facility; Climatic features of the region where the construction is being carried out. We recommend: in order to make a truly high-quality reinforced concrete support, you should familiarize yourself with the information that is kept in GOSTs. In these documents it is possible to find general information about the correct production of reinforced concrete products and columns in particular. In principle, we have finished with the review of products, you can go over specifically to their production and filling. Finally, a short step-by-step annotation on the installation of supports for buildings. Before proceeding, it is worth noting one fundamental point - we will look at the most common assembly method that can be easily implemented without the help of others. When building a personal building, for example. Post review by self potting pillars for the construction of the plant does not matter, agree. At least because everyone will not be able to cope with such an object alone - you will have to attract a lot of highly qualified professionals who themselves understand how similar tasks are performed. 23009-78, 18979-90, 25628-90 and 23899-79 In these documents, it is allowed to find general information about the correct production of concrete products and columns in particular. In principle, we have finished with the review of products, you can go over specifically to their production and filling. Finally, a short step-by-step annotation on the installation of supports for buildings. Before proceeding, it is worth noting one fundamental point - we will look at the most common assembly method that can be easily implemented without the help of others. When building a personal building, for example.

Publishing a review on self-filling pillars for the construction of a plant does not matter in any way, agree. At least because everyone will not be able to cope with such an object alone - you will have to lure a lot of highly qualified professionals who themselves understand how similar tasks are performed.

rusbetonplus.ru

Forms for pouring columns: self-production and installation

In the architecture of facades and interiors, columns are increasingly used. It's not only beautiful decorative element, it is also a practical utilitarian fragment of the design.

It allows you to support floors or beams, while not taking much usable area lower floor.

You can buy a ready-made column, but it is more convenient and cheaper to make it yourself. The easiest way is to lay out a brick, but a monolith is much stronger and more reliable, and for its manufacture it will be necessary to make a formwork.

According to the method of use, they are fixed, disposable and reusable. They are made of metal, wood, plastic and even cardboard.

Metal. Usually reusable. These are convenient ready-made shields that are easy and quick to assemble, provide the correct geometry, and quickly dismantle.
Wooden. Usually homemade, reusable. They are knocked down from boards and bars. Cheaper, but they are more difficult to ensure the correct shape, especially other than a rectangle.
Plastic. usually round shapes are made. You can buy ready-made, or you can make formwork from plastic pipes suitable diameter.
Cardboard. made of dense, impregnated special adhesives cardboard. The form is only cylindrical, such formwork is exclusively disposable.

Ready-made formworks are offered by many manufacturers, however, they can be made independently, given some of the features of this construct.

Peculiarities

The column has a small width and thickness, but often has a significant height. This determines quite specific loads on the form.

The formwork experiences significant pressure at the bottom and very little at the top.

The elongation of the form in height makes the structure very unstable, it can easily collapse, so the formwork requires several props.

Also, the form must be rigid so as not to fold, not to bend under the weight of concrete.

It is assumed that the column will work in compression, so it is extremely important to avoid distortion of the structure. If the form arches, then the support made in it can easily crack under load. The column bears bending loads very poorly.

It is very important to clearly vertical level. Even a slight deviation from the vertical generates an imbalance of loads that can lead to failure of the entire structure.

First, the size of future columns is determined.
Boards are being prepared that will act as forming surfaces - they are adjusted to the size of the pillars, sanded from the side that will be in contact with concrete.
Crossbars are nailed to the boards - small bars that will serve as stiffeners.
Separate boards with bars are knocked into molds for poles. Especially firmly it is necessary to connect the part that will be at the bottom of the column.

Then a frame of reinforcement is made with their own hands.

Since the pillars are square, it is most convenient to take four vertical bars, tying them together with short soft wire crossbars.

The reinforcement is inserted into the mold and the entire structure is installed at the place of installation of the column.

In order to make the boards easier to remove later, they can be upholstered with oilcloth from the inside. To assemble the form, you need to choose even boards so that the pillars do not have bends or curvature.

It is worth remembering that this is a one-time formwork for columns, after the concrete has hardened, the cardboard will have to be torn off from it, like wallpaper from a wall.

The easiest way is to make formwork in a mesh frame. First, a steel mesh with square cells is taken, which is not prone to stretching.

She rolls up into a cylinder desired diameter, securely fastened in this position by wire or welding.

Then a folded cardboard is placed inside, which, after laying, straightens and rests against the grid. It is not easy to find sheets of cardboard for 2-3 meter poles, so you will have to use several sheets, fastening them between them with an overlap of adhesive tape.

The design turns out to be very unstable, so wooden supports are required.

Such a one-time formwork is suitable for round columns; rectangular or square ones cannot be filled in any way.

You can make a non-removable polystyrene foam formwork with your own hands.

This option is used for facade works, it allows you to get very flat surfaces, monotonous with foam-insulated walls.

However, this fixed formwork is of low strength, so it also needs a supporting frame.

steel mesh will cost 20-25 rubles for square meter, thick cardboard - 200-250 rubles per roll. Styrofoam will cost 1000-1200 rubles per cubic meter.

Watch our video compilation:

proffu.ru

Column formwork: types and solutions

Today, in construction, round columns made of concrete are very often used, which serve as supports for large terraces, small balconies and upper floors. In order to erect a column, it is necessary first of all to build a formwork, plastic, cardboard, etc., into which the concrete solution will be poured. This design can be reusable or disposable. Each of them has its own advantages and disadvantages. About them and how to make a frame for a column with your own hands and will be discussed further.

Reusable formwork- this is a frame that can be used a large number of times in work. Such a structure is usually assembled directly at the construction site and concrete mixture is poured into it. After the concrete mortar dries a little, the formwork is removed and used in other works. The disadvantage of this design is that round columns may not come out solid, since often the height of the frame does not match the desired height of the finished structure. In this case, the formwork has to be put on several times.

It makes no sense to buy your own reusable design, since it will be used very rarely at home. It is best to rent it. The cost of a reusable frame will depend on many factors. Among them are the material for the manufacture of the structure, the costs of its proper conservation, care and transportation to the construction site. In addition, you need to calculate the costs of the mechanisms with which the formwork will rise.

The formwork of round columns, which can be used several times, is divided into several types:

beam;

steel;

plastic.

Beam construction allows you to create columns of almost any height. It can also be used for the construction of bridges, walls and any vertical structures, even very large ones. The beam frame is assembled with your own hands like a designer, after which it is strengthened with struts. Steel formwork is also very good for round columns, but after each use it needs to be lubricated with special mixtures. Given that the steel frame has a fairly large weight, it can only be handled with the help of special lifting equipment.

Plastic formwork for columns (see photo) is not as heavy as the previous one, but not as reliable. It is recommended to use it carefully so as not to damage the material. Individual elements from plastic they are interconnected by small parts, which you need to do with your own hands very carefully, because otherwise, under the pressure of the solution, the structure may simply fall apart. The advantage of this framework is its small price.

The use of a fixed structure

Fixed formwork for columns is not used so often today, because it requires a special approach. To create it, a solution is prepared from cement, sand and water, which is passed through a special machine, from which finished frames come out. required form. Such products have thin, but at the same time very strong walls. This becomes possible due to the compaction of the mixture and the displacement of almost all liquid from it. As a result, the frames become not only very durable, but also resistant to excessive humidity, frost and strong temperature changes.

One time building

Today, the cheapest and most practical formwork for columns is disposable, made of cardboard. It is a cardboard connected in a spiral, which is treated with a mixture that repels water (see photo). Inside the formwork there may be a coating of polyethylene film. The cardboard structure for creating round columns can have a diameter of 25 centimeters to 1.1 meters, and its length is usually about 11 meters. Depending on the diameter and height of the frame, the thickness of its walls may vary.

Cardboard formwork for columns is very easy to install. You don't need to install it additional equipment and tools. Thanks to this, all work can be easily done by hand. To begin with, the formwork must be placed vertically and carefully attached to the floor. From above, the structure can be fixed with anchor rods. Next, the inside of the formwork is poured with concrete mortar, after which the cardboard is carefully separated from the concrete. This can be done using a special rope, by pulling which you can divide the frame into two parts (see video).

Concrete columns are load-bearing structures that provide buildings with vertical rigidity. By type, the column is monolithic and metal, the choice of which depends on the required bearing capacity. The purpose of the columns is to serve as a support for the upper floors, balconies, terraces and other building elements. It is possible to make concrete columns with your own hands, these can be ordinary elements from square pipe or more original beautiful designs that can add zest appearance buildings.

The column is intended for decorative design buildings, and also performs the function load-bearing element structures. They are mounted on balconies, terraces, verandas, porches, as supports to support ceilings, for interiors and personal plot. Due to the heavy load on the supports, they are made, adhering to the maximum, compliance existing norms and rules.

Kinds

The following types are inherent in concrete columns:

square;
round;
rectangular.

When working with a concrete column various kinds allocate the following types production technology:

Prefabricated supports are factory-made structures that are transported to the place of work, where they are installed. Prefabricated columns have the following advantages: relatively low price, speed of installation, speed of drying of the solution.
Monolithic. Pouring into molds is carried out at the construction site. When working with monolithic columns, the following advantages are distinguished: the ability to monitor the quality of laying concrete mortar, no mixture leakage. Of the shortcomings, they observe: a long time for manufacturing, waiting for the mixture to solidify in the form.

Installation Features

You must remember to follow the installation rules.

Square supports are installed along the edges of the corners of buildings and structures, fastened with anchors to the ceiling and the base of the structure. However, it is worth paying attention that do-it-yourself installation of a square pipe is a laborious and complex process, therefore experienced builders it is not recommended to engage in the installation of this type of columns with your own hands. Support structures can be in the form brick wall small area. Supports made of wood or logs are installed on the porches or veranda.

During installation support element in concrete base, first, steel glasses are fixed with anchors, and then the support is installed and concreted. Great importance in the construction of houses play supporting structures located in the center of the structure. In this case apply column supports with calculated section metal fittings and with subsequent pouring with concrete mortar and installation of formwork.

Do-it-yourself concreting of column elements is an important event that should be carried out with responsibility and having a certain amount of knowledge and skills in the production of work. Concreting into molds is carried out continuously, keeping the horizontal position, which will help to avoid the formation of intermediate cold joints and protect the structure from destruction.

Construction stages

Construction concrete supports consists of the following steps:

prepare before starting work the right tools and materials;
clean the surface of construction debris;
proceed to the installation of formwork;
carry out work on reinforcement;
then the concrete solution should be poured and after it has dried, the formwork should be dismantled.

The concrete mixture must have a plastic consistency and, after hardening, be strong. The strength of the structure is affected by the components of the concrete solution and specifications reinforcement, which should have the following properties:

strength;
ease of welding;
low possibility of formation of corrosion on the product;
good adhesion.

Preparation of tools and materials

For quality filling supporting structure concrete mortar will be needed the following tools, equipment and materials:

concrete pump;
rectangular corner;
a hammer;
building level;
metal wire;
wooden spacers;
reinforced mesh;
screwdriver;
nails and screws;
wide boards;
vibrators;
device for mixing concrete mass;
roulette;
steel bar;
anchor;
water;
cement;
sand;
lime.

Formwork installation

They fix the formwork, observing the strength and reliability of the structure. The mold is installed on four sides of the support using wooden spacers. If the column is high, the formwork is fixed on three sides, and the fourth side is built up when pouring concrete. When mounting the form, observe the evenness of the structure, which is checked building level. The leveled formwork is fixed with screws, with the help of which the concrete mixture is held inside the product. Next, check the correspondence of the corners with a rectangular corner.

Reinforcement

When installing a column, vertical reinforcement is used, the diameter of which is about 1.2 centimeters or more. The vertical reinforcement consists of four rods, which are located at the corners of the square shape. To facilitate the installation of reinforcement, the height of which is more than three meters, floorings are equipped with a step of two meters.

The support frame is assembled various methods. Having small size, weight and volume of the supporting structure, the frame is mounted in the future shape of the formwork, doing the work with your own hands by tilting the finished frame. At big weight reinforcement, its base is pre-assembled and the rods are tied already at the place of work, where individual rods are installed. When placing the finished structure, a variety of boards and supports are used. The reinforcement rods are fastened to each other with a metal wire, keeping a distance of about forty centimeters.

concreting

Starting to lay the concrete mixture, pay attention to the features of concrete. This composition has mobility, which plays an important role in concreting columns. Movable concrete is easy to place and does not require tamping with vibrators and the involvement of concrete pumps during operation. Concreting takes place in even layers in a horizontal position. When laying the mixture, it is periodically rammed with metal rods.

If necessary, seal the solution. can not do without a deep vibrator. Air bubbles are removed from the concrete by tapping with a hammer on the exposed formwork. When concreting columns, the reinforcement cage is periodically aligned in the center. For laying the mortar, cement is chosen, which is part of the M400 concrete, which will require one part, and two parts of sand and two parts of gravel and crushed stone are taken to prepare the mixture. Dry ingredients are poured with water in the volume required until a homogeneous mixture is obtained. thick consistency. At the end of the process of laying the prepared concrete mixture, they begin to install the reinforcement, which is fixed with anchors.

The laid concrete is left to dry in a place with optimal temperature and humidity conditions. The surface of the concrete is periodically irrigated with water and, if necessary, covered plastic wrap to avoid exposure to a mixture of precipitation and direct sunlight.

Formwork dismantling

After the concrete mortar hardens and gains its maximum strength characteristics, they begin to dismantle the formwork. Formwork removal is entrusted to qualified workers. Dismantling begins with the removal of the side parts of the formwork, which do not bear the load on the structure. It is important to dismantle the formwork after making sure of the strength of the concrete that is being installed. building codes and rules. Determine the strength of the concrete solution in the laboratory by conducting trial tests material samples. Stripping is carried out according to a strict sequence, ensuring the safety of structural elements.

Conclusion

For the successful manufacture of concrete columns, it is important to consider the following points: type of soil, height building object, climatic features terrain and purpose of the construction site.

Observing technological sequence installation and the correct preparation of the concrete solution, you get a strong and reliable foundation with a long service life.

When pouring columns with concrete, reinforcement work is carried out at the beginning.

We install reinforcing bars with a diameter of 12 mm or more in the shape of a square (at the corners). These rods are installed vertically, they are also called column rods. For ease of installation reinforcing cage scaffolds with fences are installed every 2m of height.

The frame is mounted in several ways.

With relatively small masses and dimensions of the future column, the frame can be turned over to the formwork body. If the frame turns out to be heavy (this is possible when using reinforcement with a diameter of 16 mm or more), then it is more efficient to assemble only the base separately, and fasten it already at the pouring site. It is forbidden to stand on the rods to be welded when bandaging or welding. When welding, it is most convenient to use a portable welding machine. Choose welding inverter can . Rebars can be welded together with wire, at a distance of 40-50 cm. For such purposes, you can use a special gun for a bunch of fittings.

We install formwork.

To begin with, we assemble the formwork body. Special attention it is worth giving it a fix. The formwork is fixed during installation with all sides of the future column (with a typical column - from four).

We mount wooden spacers on each side of the future column. If the column is high, then a slightly different method is used. The box body is mounted on three sides, and the latter is built up directly during concreting. During installation, the box is leveled and fastened with screws. Corners are mounted on the sides to withstand a right angle of 90 degrees.

Concreting process.

One of the most important parameters when pouring concrete columns is the mobility of the concrete mixture. Mobility refers to the ability of concrete to be distributed under the pressure of its mass. To measure mobility, a concrete cone is used. It is filled with concrete in layers. Then it is lifted and the mixture settles under its own weight. How much the cone sags, such mobility can be assigned mobility. Distinguish between flexible and rigid concrete mixtures. Mobility is marked with the letter “P” and a number from 1 to 5.

Draft	Designation


From 10cm to 15cm
From 16cm to 21cm
over 22cm

When pouring columns, concrete P2 or P3 is used. And when in large numbers fittings - P4 or P5 (cast concrete). It is excellent for pouring into formwork without the use of a flexible shaft vibrator. As the filling increases, the mobility increases.

Pouring is done using a concrete pump or or as it is also called a bell. To do this, the tray is removed from the tub, and a funnel is installed in its place. On it with a clamp we install a canvas sleeve for pouring concrete. And we put its free end in the formwork.

Filling is done in layers. Layers go horizontally and STRICTLY in one direction. As filling, the mixture must be carefully compacted, removing excess air from the mixture. To do this, the mixture is pierced evenly throughout the volume with a metal rod. After that, you need to go through the vibrator. Be sure to make sure it is grounded.

If it is not possible with a flexible shaft, then you can periodically tap on the formwork with a hammer or rubber mallet. In the process, be sure to make sure that the formwork does not “leave” anywhere, and the reinforcement frame always remains strictly in the center.

The composition of the concrete mixture: 1 part of M400 cement, 2 parts of sand, 4 parts of gravel or crushed stone (size from 20 mm), and water. The amount of water is taken from the calculation of obtaining a homogeneous mass. When the column is filled, reinforcement is attached to it with the help of anchors.

We remove the formwork.

When the concrete gains full strength, the formwork is removed. Usually full strength concrete mixtures achieved in the period from 20 to 25 calendar days, subject to optimal conditions solidification.